The World's Longest HVDC Light Cable Nordbalt HVDC Light Connection, Sweden-Lithuania
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Opportunities and Challenges for Secure Energy Networks Connected with New Technologies
The OSCE Secretariat bears no responsibility for the content of this document EEF.NGO/9/19 and circulates it without altering its content. The distribution by OSCE 30 May 2019 Conference Services of this document is without prejudice to OSCE decisions, as set out in documents agreed by OSCE participating States. ENGLISH only Opportunities and challenges for secure energy networks connected with new technologies 27th OSCE Economic and EnvironmentalForum Rimvydas Stilinis, Director for Infrastructure 2nd Preparatory Meeting EPSO-G (Group of TSOs in Lithuania) Bratislava 27-28 May, 2019 How do we understand ‚energysecurity‘? RELIABILITY REASONABLE ACCESSIBILITY ENERGY SECURITY PRICES 1 Where does Lithuania stands now? Since 2012, Lithuanian energy security has remarkablyimproved. Nevertheless, key challenges remain: Strong dependence on electricityimport Dependence and integration intoRussian controlled IPS/UPS electricity system Declining trend of RESdevelopments Progress achieved Until 2025 NORDBALT 700 MW Lithuanian diversification and integration into European/World energy markets LNG TERMINAL Until 2025 Until 2025 LitPol Link 500 MW 2 Challenge No. 1 – Synchronizationwith Continental Europe • The Baltic States – the only ones in the EU with their electricity systems in the Soviet system ŠiNaourrtơhs IPS/UPS Did žio sio s BREL žiedacircles • No dependency of the energy system on BGrrietaant iBjoristain third countries will remain AIrierliajonsd MoscowMaskva • Increasing the effectiveness ofthe market • The most reliable measure to protect -
Electric Stories: Contributions to the History of Electricity in Sweden
Electric Stories Contributions to the history of electricity in Sweden Collected papers by Mats Bladh Published by Linköping University Electronic Press, 2011 ISBN: 978‐91‐7393‐078‐9 URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva‐70080 Cover Photo: Aatu Liimatta © The Author Content About Collected Papers ............................................................................................. 5 About the author ....................................................................................................... 6 “Momentum” In the Swedish Electricity Industry ..................................................... 7 Abstract .......................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................. 7 Four beginnings .......................................................................................................................................................... 9 Utilities ........................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Industrial firms ........................................................................................................................................................... 9 Power companies .................................................................................................................................................. -
No. 1168 BELGIUM, DENMARK, FRANCE, IRELAND, ITALY
No. 1168 BELGIUM, DENMARK, FRANCE, IRELAND, ITALY, LUXEMBOURG, NETHERLANDS, NORWAY, SWEDEN and UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND Statute of the Council of Europe. Signed at London, on 5 May 1949 Official texts: English and French. Registered by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland on U April 1951. BELGIQUE, DANEMARK, FRANCE, IRLANDE, ITALIE, LUXEMBOURG, NORVÈGE, PAYS-BAS, ROYAUME-UNI DE GRANDE-BRETAGNE ET D'IRLANDE DU NORD et SUÈDE Statut du Conseil de l'Europe. Signé à Londres, le 5 mai 1949 Textes officiels anglais et fran ais. Enregistr par le Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d* Irlande du Nord le II avril 1951. 104 United Nations Treaty Series 1951 No. 1168. STATUTE1 OF THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE. SIGNED AT LONDON, ON 5 MAY 1949 The Governments of the Kingdom of Belgium, the Kingdom of Denmark, the French Republic, the Irish Republic, the Italian Republic, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Kingdom of Norway, the Kingdom of Sweden and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland : Convinced that the pursuit of peace based upon justice and international co-operation is vital for the preservation of human society and civilisation; Reaffirming their devotion to the spiritual and moral values which are the common heritage of their peoples and the true source of individual freedom, political liberty and the rule of law, principles which form the basis of all genuine democracy; Believing that, for the maintenance and further realisation of these ideals and in -
Network Development Plan 2016 – 2025
NOVEMBER 2015 NETWORK DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2016 – 2025 A Ten-Year Plan for the Swedish National Grid. SVENSKA KRAFTNÄT Our society is dependent on electricity. Svenska kraftnät is responsible for ensuring that Sweden has a safe, environmentally sound and cost-effective transmission system for electricity – today and in the future. We achieve this in the short term by monitoring the electrical system around the clock, and in the long term by building new power lines to meet tomorrow’s electricity needs. Cover photo Tomas Ärlemo Org. Nr 202100-4284 SVENSKA KRAFTNÄT Box 1200 172 24 Sundbyberg Sweden Sturegatan 1 Tel +46 10-475 80 00 Fax +46 10-475 89 50 www.svk.se/en PREFACE The board of Svenska kraftnät decided in April 2013 on a long-term plan document for the development of the Swedish National Grid. Long-term plan 2025 described the challenges for Svenska kraftnät in the 10 to 15 years term. The purpose was, among other things, to increase the transparency of Svenska kraftnät’s planning and to provide an opportunity for the various stakeholders in the electricity market to influence it. Until then, the national network planning mainly consisted of the three-year investment and financing plans that Svenska kraftnät annually provide to the Government. These plans are, however, primarily a description of how investments already decided are expected to turn out over the next three financial years. They do not give an account of the Administration’s long-term priorities and the grounds for them. A certain network planning is conducted also at Nordic level in order to identify grid reinforcements with specific benefit for the whole of the Nordic electricity market. -
Nordic HVDC Interconnectors' Statistics 2013
European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity NORDIC HVDC UTILIZATION AND UNAVAILABILITY STATISTICS 2013 03.11.2014 REGIONAL GROUP NORDIC ENTSO-E AISBL • Avenue Cortenbergh 100 • 1000 Brussels • Belgium • Tel +32 2 741 09 50 • [email protected] • www.entsoe.eu European Network of Nordic HVDC Utilization and Unavailability Statistics 2013 Transmission System Operators for Electricity 1 SUMMARY ........................................................................................................ 3 2 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND .................................................................... 4 3 SCOPE ............................................................................................................. 5 4 METHODS, DEFINITIONS AND CALCULATIONS ...................................................... 6 5 TECHNICAL DETAILS OF THE HVDC LINKS ........................................................ 10 6 PRESENTATION OF THE RESULTS FOR 2013 ..................................................... 11 6.1 OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................................ 12 6.2 SEPARATE PRESENTATIONS OF ALL LINKS ................................................................................ 14 6.2.1 BALTIC CABLE HVDC LINK ..................................................................................................... 15 6.2.2 ESTLINK 1 HVDC LINK .......................................................................................................... -
Annual Report 2012
Annual Report 2012 Aastaaruanne 2012 Kaane kujundus alles tuleb Creating New Energy! We will release the Group’s consolidated interim reports for the financial year 2013 as follows: Corporate • 1st quarter – 30 April 2013 Social Responsibility 2012 • 2nd quarter – 31 July 2013 • 3rd quarter – 31 October 2013 The audited results for the financial year 2013 will be released on 28 February 2014 Click here to read the Corporate Social Responsibility Report www.energia.ee/en/investor Contents Address by the Chairman of the Management Board 5 In Brief 7 Strategy 11 Business Environment 15 Financial Results 22 Environment 45 Corporate Governance 49 Consolidated Financial Statements 71 Consolidated Financial Statements Consolidated Income Statement 71 23 Trade and Other Payables 131 24 Deferred Income 131 Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 72 25 Provisions 132 26 Revenue 134 Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 73 27 Other Operating Income 134 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 74 28 Raw Materials and Consumables Used 135 29 Payroll Expenses 135 Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 75 30 Other Operating Expenses 136 31 Net Financial Income (-expense) 136 Notes to the Consolidated Financial statements 76 32 Corporate Income Tax 136 1 General Information 76 33 Cash Generated From Operations 137 2 Summary of Principal Accounting and Reporting Policies 76 34 Off-balance Sheet Assets, Contingent Liabilities and Commitments 137 3 Financial risk management 97 35 Assets and Liabilites of Disposal Group Classified as Held -
The Swedish Economy Showed a Relatively Robust Performance in The
2.27. SWEDEN The Swedish economy showed a relatively robust performance in the first quarter of 2020, in spite of the COVID-19 pandemic triggering a sharp deterioration in economic activity from mid-March onwards. Real GDP grew 0.1% q-o-q in the first quarter, mainly due to positive net exports. Even though only some restrictions were put in place to counter the spread of the disease, both the demand and supply side of the economy took a hit. While the rather less restrictive measures helped cushion the immediate impact on the economy, particularly on domestically oriented branches, exporting industries experienced strong declines in output as cross-borders value chains were disrupted. Durable consumer goods, travel services and capital goods-producing sectors were particularly affected. Real GDP is expected to show a sharp fall in the second quarter of 2020, with a recovery following in the second half of the year. The uncertain outlook for demand and lower capacity utilisation should lead to a sharp decline in capital formation this year. Equipment investment is also expected to suffer, as it is the investment category that reacts most strongly to the business cycle. Private consumption decreases follow on from substantial job losses and uncertainty, as well as the impact of restrictions. The sharp fall in economic activity forecast in Sweden’s main trading partners is expected to translate into a large decline in exports. Economic growth is set to turn positive in 2021 as impediments slowly dissipate and the economies of major trading partners recover. A return to work should foster a bounce back in consumption growth in 2021. -
Methodology for Calculating Nordic System Price
Nordic System Price Methodology for calculation Nordic System Price Methodology REVISION HISTORY: REVISION DATE DESCRIPTION OF CHANGES REQUESTED BY NO. 1.0 1.1.2020 Initial release Camilla Berg 1.1 1.5.2020 Added sections on review and on procedure for cessation 1.2 15.8.2020 Updated with new name Nord Pool EMCO 1.3 5.11.2020 Updated with Nord Link Cable Hans Randen 2 Nordic System Price Methodology Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................4 1.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE ............................................................................................................4 1.2 REVISIONS ...........................................................................................................................4 2. DETERMINATION OF SYSTEM PRICE.....................................................................................5 2.1. THE RELATED DAY-AHEAD MARKET AND RELEVANT REGULATION.............................5 2.2. DEFINITION AND DESCRIPTION ..........................................................................................5 2.3. CURRENCY ...........................................................................................................................6 2.4. INPUT DATA FOR NORDIC SYSTEM PRICE ........................................................................7 2.5. SYSTEM PRICE CALCULATION ...........................................................................................8 3. DAILY PROCEDURE FOR CALCULATION -
Different Countries – Different Cultures Germany Vs Sweden
Avdelningen för ekonomi Different Countries – Different Cultures Germany vs Sweden Cecilia Jensen och Changiz Saadat Beheshti December 2012 Examensarbete 15 hp C-nivå Examensarbete Akmal Hyder/Lars Ekstrand 1 ABSTRACT Title: Different countries – different cultures Level: Thesis for Bachelor Degree in Business Administration Authors: Cecilia Jensen and Changiz Saadat Behesthi Supervisor: Lars Ekstrand Date: 2011 – 12 Our study is based on two countries, Sweden and Germany, and is aiming to find out if the cultural differences between the two countries have a major impact when doing business together or not. Cross-cultural management is a modern topic and can help transnational companies deal with problems that occur due to different cultures in the organization, but is it really necessary to spend huge amount on intercultural training? We used a qualitative method and did a survey through a convenience sampling among six managers in the two countries. We analyzed the answers sorted by country and then compared them to each other. The result of the survey was that Swedish managers inform and include their staff in decisions to a bigger extend than German managers. Other than the preferences of a more democratic leadership the differences were, according to us, insignificant to perform any cultural training between the two countries. For further studies we suggest a deeper research method with a field study at every workplace, to conclude that the manager‟s answers concurred to the actual outcome. We also think that interviewing more managers, and within the same branch, would increase the creditability of the study. The result indicates that the money spent on intercultural training between Sweden and Germany is quite unnecessary and that the differences are smoothing out. -
Transparency International Sweden
TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL SWEDEN Business Integrity across the Baltic Sea: A needs assessment for effective business integrity in Lithuania and Sweden This assessment is part of the project ”Together towards integrity: Building partnerships for sustainable future in the Baltic Sea region” and has been conducted by financial support from the Swedish Institute. © 2020 Transparency International Sweden Author/Editor: Lotta Rydström Editor: Alf Persson Design: Transparency International Sweden/AB Grafisk Stil Transparency International Sweden (TI Sweden) conducts broad awareness raising efforts to inform decision-makers and the public about the harmful effects of corruption. TI Sweden works for greater transparency, integrity and accountability in both public and private sectors. ”The abuse of entrusted power for private gain”. Transparency International Sweden (TI Sweden) is an independent non-for-profit organisation that, together with a hundred national chapters worldwide, is part of the global coalition Transparency International. Transparency International (TI), founded in 1993 and based in Berlin, has come to be acknowledged in the international arena as the leading organisation combating corruption in all its forms. TABLE OF CONTENT INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................ 6 Background ................................................................................................................................................ -
GOING GLOBAL EXPORTING to SWEDEN a Guide for Clients
GOING GLOBAL EXPORTING TO SWEDEN A guide for clients #GlobalAmbition Capital Stockholm Population 10.1m1 GDP Per Capita: $52,7662 Unemployment 6.7%3 UMEA SUNDSVALL Swedish exports increased by 23.5% in 20184 Predicted economic growth for 2019 5 UPPSALA 1.9% OREBRO STOCKHOLM KARLSTAD Enterprise Ireland client exports (2018) LINKOPING ¤338m6 JONKOPING GOTHENBURG KALMAR HELSINGBORG MALMO 2 WHY EXPORT TO SWEDEN? Sensitive to change and quick offers a variety of opportunities to Irish businesses. Construction and infrastructure, renewable energy to adapt, Sweden is a global and life sciences are all sectors that have received knowledge and innovation hub. investment in the last few years. With a strong economy and a Bordering Norway and Finland, and connected to highly educated labour force, this Denmark by the Öresund Bridge, Sweden allows good access to the Nordic region. Flight connections is a country where high standards from Ireland to Sweden are good, with direct flights go hand in hand with tomorrow’s to and from Dublin to Stockholm with SAS and brightest ideas. Norwegian. Sweden is a politically stable country whose combination of a largely free-market economy and far-reaching welfare investments has facilitated some of the highest living standards in the world. OTHER ENTERPRISE IRELAND As the EU’s largest producer of renewable energy, CLIENT COMPANIES ARE SELLING 7 timber and iron ore , exports of goods and services INTO SWEDEN, SO WHY AREN’T comprise more than 45% of Sweden’s GDP8. The Swedish economy has performed strongly over YOU? the last few years, and even though GDP growth • Sweden is the 10th best place to do business in is expected to slow down somewhat in 2019, the the world15 economy is still predicted to continue to grow. -
Interstate DC Line Performance Assessment Methods
Interstate DC Line Performance Assessment Methods Mario Turcik, Artjoms Obushevs, Irina Oleinikova Institute of Physical Energetics, Laboratory of Power System Mathematical Simulation market and ensure process of market development. Abstract--The Article is focused on interconnection of power Furthermore, Nordel provide opportunity for cooperation systems via High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) submarine between TSOs in Nordic and transmission system operators cables, its transmission capacity allocation and utilization. out of Association what makes a contribution to a numbers of Sufficiency of transmission capability on market formation and physical interconnections between the Nordel region and operation are investigated as well as role of Power Exchange (PX) and trading principles for HVDC interconnections. Model of neighboring countries. Due to harmonization of rules and Nordic power system and PX data are used for legislation in different counties associated in Nordel was technical/economic calculation and analysis based on market formulated common code for Nordic grid – The Nordic Grid areas price differences and power flows through inter-state Code (NGC). The NGC consists of four main Articles: 1) connections. Planning Code, 2) Operational Code (System Operation Agreement), 3) Connection Code 4) Data Exchange Code Index Terms-- Electricity market, HVDC technology, power flow. (Data Exchange Agreement between the Nordic transmission system operators (TSOs) The purpose of the Nordic Grid Code is to achieve coherent and coordinated Nordic operation and I. INTRODUCTION planning between the companies responsible for operating the transmission systems, in order to establish the best possible Cooperation between Transmission System Operators conditions for development of a functioning and effectively 1 (TSOs) of interconnected countries Norway, Sweden, Finland integrated Nordic power market.