http://www.paper.edu.cn 浙 江 林 学 院 学 报 2003，20(1)：32—36 Journa l of Zh ejiang F orestry C ollege
A rticle ID ：1000—5692(2003)01—0032—05
S tud y of system ic statu s of M yCetO p h -Iida e
W A N G Y i—ping ，W U H ong ，X U H ua—chao
(Institute of Forest Protection ，Zhejiang Forestry C ollege ，L in’an 311300 ．Zhejiang ．C hina )
A bstract：T he actuality of M ycetoph ilidae fam ily research has been illustrated in detail． T11e research
includes biology ， classification an d idenfication ， geograp hical distribution ， status of system ic
classification and system developm ent． Th e existed prob lem s and expectation are also explored in the
pap er ．A ccordin g to the latest inform ation ， M ycetop hilidae fam ily is com p osed of 5 subfam ilies ， i． e ，
M ycom yinae， Sciophilinae， G noristinae， Leiinae and M ycetophilinae ． M ycetophilinae includes 2
tribes ：E xechiini an d M ycetophilini． R efeFences 2 8
K ey w o rd s ： M ycetophilidae ；geograp hical d istrib ution ； clas sification status CLC Number：Q969．44 Document Code：A
Th e fami ly M ycetoph ilidae belon gs to the superfam ily S ciaroidea in the order D iptera ， w h ich is th e largest fami ly in the superfami ly S ciaroidea⋯ ． B ecause of this insects feeding on edible fungi or large fungus body ， a lot of scholars have been involved in th e research on fungu s pest species ， and great progress in research on fungu s gn ats has b een m ade ． B ased on research results an d literature published at hom e and ab road in the pas t tw o decades ， the authors m ak e a sum m arization on the situation of the fam ily M )’cetophilidae insect species ， includ ing the b iology ， geograp hy distribution ， classification ， ph ylogeny and m ake a forecast for the existing problems in the hope of provid ing som e fundam ental system ic m aterials for both theoretical research and practical application in the field o f co n trol of ed ible fun gu s p ests【卜151 ．
1 The generation
1 ．1 B iology
M ycetoph ilidae insects are com m on in m ost hu m ids hab itats ， particularly in w oodlands ， both in the tropics and in the tem perature regions ．Fo r the large ma jority of species their larva are unknown ，b ut n um erous species have larvae living in fruiting bod ies of various fungi or on m ycelium penetrating rotting plant m aterials ． Larvae not spinnin g a w eb ； u su ally feedin g intem ally bearin g som e sort of case of form ed of excrem ent． D ue to their sma ll size and a h idden life ，fungus gn ats have not caught en ough attention of ecoilgists and system atists ．
R eelered date ：2002．08 ．3l： Revised date ：2002．II-08
Foundation item ： p ex：t supported hy N ational N atura1 ．Science．Fou ndation of C hina (30070 102)
B iography ：W A N G Y i—ping ( 197 1 一 )， m ale ( the M ongolian nationality ) ， born in K azuo of L iaonlng ， Lecturer， M aster， specializing in system a tic inse ct a nd b iolog ica l c on tro1 ． 转载 中国科技论文在线 http://www.paper.edu.cn 第 20 卷第 1 期 W A N G Y i—ping et al：Study of system ic status of M ycetophilidae 33
1 ．2 Z OO g e O g ra ph ic d istrib utio n M yc eto D h ilid a e o c cu rs o n a ll c o n tin en ta l areas ex ce p t a n tra ctic a n d o n m ost o ce an ic isla n d s ． H ow ev er ， on ly a few stu d ie s d ea lin g w ith th e b io geo g ra p h y o f m y ce to p h ilid s h av e b ee n p u b lish ed am on g th em u p to n ow 引 ．
G ag n e [10]stu d ied th e fau n a co m p o sitio n in E u rop ea n re gio n a n d th e re su lt s ho w ed th at fa u n a o f m y c eto p h ilid s in ．
E a ste rn N e a rctic is m o re s im ilar to th e E u ro p ea n fa u n a th a n to th e w e stern ．
A t p re se n t， th e d ata o n g en era a n d th e n u m b ers of sp e cie s ta k en fro m th e v ari o u s re g io n a l c a ta lo g u e s a re o n ly
fo u n d in N ea rc tic fa u n a l2] D im ita r d isc u ss ed th e c o m po sitio n of th e fu n gu s gn at ab o u t fau n a o f th e P al ae arctic ．
region ，and considered m ost of the genera to be of boreal (H olarctic) ori gin ． A b o u t 3 5 0 0 sp e cies h a v e b e en d e sc ri b ed in 1 3 6 g en e ra so fa r ， b u t th e re are u n d o u b te d ly m u ch m o re sp e cie s
tha t a re still u n d e sc rib ed in th e w o rld ． 1 ．3 E co no m ic s ign ifica nc e
W ith th e ra p id d ev elo p m e n t o f ed ib le fu n gu s c u ltu re ， fu n g u s gn a ts h a v e b eco m e to b e of th e ec on o mi c
im p o rta n c e ． L arva e fe ed o n b o d y fu n g i o f all k in d s ， w h ich d a m ag e to va ri o u s s tru c tu re s an d tissu es of th e fu n gu s ．
T hu s ， larva e m a k e o n the g ro w th vig or o f ed ib le fu n gu s d e cre as e d an d th e yie ld of th e fu n g u s lo w e red ． It’s c o m m o n
th at al l th e fu n gu s tissu es ， s po res w e re ea te n u p w ere re su lted b y fu n gu s gn a ts p est ， an d g re at losses o f ed ib le
fu n g u s p rod u tion ． A lth o u g h ad u lts d o n ’t fe ed o n．ed ib le d lrcetly ， th e y ca rt sp rea d all so rts o f p a th og e n ic
m ic roo rg an ism s ， n e m a to d e s ， mi tes an d s o on ． T h e refo re ， th e y h av e a b ad ly i m p a ct o n th e q u a lity of ed ib le fu n gu s
a n d h u m an b e in g h ea lth ．
2 R esearch on classification statu s of M yc et0p h ilid ae
S in c e th e fi rst fu n gu s gn ats s p ec ies in w o rld w as d e scri b ed b y D e c te e r ， stu d ies o n c lassifi c a tio n o f it h av e b e en
e xp lo ite d ． F ro m th e n o n ， th e re a re a lot of sc h o lars in vo lv ed in th e rese arch o n th e fa mi ly M yc eto p h ilid ae ， an d se v era l g en e ra a n d sp e cies ha v e b ee n d esc ri b ed 【 ． W in n ertz w as fi rs t sc h o lar to stu d y th e c lassifi catio n sy ste m
o n th e fa m ily M y ce top h ilid a e ， a n d d iv id ed it in to sev en su b fa mi lies ac co rd in g to w in g ve n atio n ， wi n g setae an d
trichia ， ocellus numb er， ocellus position ， an d so on ， and added up to 1 8 genera one of them includ ed his f0und
1 3 ge n e ra in th e fa m ily M y ce to p h ilid ae ⋯ T h e system of c las sifi catio n co n stru cte d b a sic al fram ew o rk o n h igh tax on ．
in th e fa m ily M yc eto p h ilid a e h a ve b ee n ad o p ted b y s ev eral sch o la r ． L a ter m a n y n ew g en e ra w e re fo u n d b y so m e
s ch o lar ． It is k n o w th a t th ere a re 2 7 g en e ra in th e fami ly b y th e e nd in g o f 1 9 c en tu ry ． In th e early 2 0th centu ry ， Johannsen exam ined the genera of M ycetop hilidae ， and considered that A llodia
W in n e rt z a n d B ra ch y co m p ta set b y W in n e~ z s h ou ld n o t b e trea ted a s ge n e ra b ec au s e o f th e s ho rt ag e o f a d e q u ate
ev id e n c e o n ly b as ed o n th e fi n a l wi n g fo rk an d len gth of v e n atio n [ M ean w h ile ． h e re c ogn ized th at ．
B ra c hy ca m p ta W in n ert z sh o u ld b e trea ted as a su b ge n u s in A llo d ia W in n e rt z ， an d p ro p o sed th a t ge n u s B revieo rn u
M a rs h al l sh o u ld b e m e rg ed in to th e g e n u s C o rd y la M eign ． T h u s th ere w e re 2 5 g e n e ra in M y ceto p h ilid a e d efi n e d b y
Johann sen ．
E d w a rd s fi rstly p u t fo rw ard th e view p o in t w h ic h th e te xtu re of th o ra cic s eg m en t sc le rite sh o w s d ec isiv e
sign ifi c a n c e to g e n e ri c cla ssifi c atio n wi th in th e s u b fa m ily M y c eto p h ilin a e ， a n d s yste m a tic a lly rese arch e d th e fa u n a o f
fu n gu s g n a ts sp ec ies in E n la n d ． H e d iv id e d th e fa m ily M yc eto p h ilid ae in to 10 su b fa mi lie s a cco rd in g to seta e o f
w in g s ， th o rax ， le gs ， w in g ve n atio n ， o c ellu s n u m b er ， oc e llu s p o sitio n a s w e ll as v e n tra l d istal ， n a m ely
B o lito p h ilin ae ， K ero p latin ae ， D iad oc id iin a e ， D ito m y iin ae ， L yg isto rh in in a e ， M ac ro c erin a e ， M an o tin a e ， M ycetophiJinae ， Sciarinae ， Scioph ilin ae ．H is classifi cation s3 stem ap pears relatively reas onbale ． H e al so d ivided th e su b fa mi l)，M y ce to p h ilin a e in to tw o tri b es n a m ely E x ec h in i an d M )，c eto p h ilin i a cc ord in g to m ese p istern u m b ri stle ，
a nd a m e n d e d cla ssifi c atio n p o sition of th e g en e ra in tw o trib e s m en tio n ed ab o v e ． H e th o u g h t th a t ge n e ra M y co the ra ，
O p isth o lob a an d P lasta cep h a la sho u ld b e m e rge d in to M y cetop h ica ； E x ech ia s ho u ld b e d iv id ed in to 2 gro u p s b as in g
o n c h a n g es o f ve n atio n ； S y n p la sta a n d B revico m u sho u ld b e m erg ed in to A llo d ia ；P a ch )p a lp us sh ou ld m erg ed in to 中国科技论文在线 http://www.paper.edu.cn 浙 江 林 学 院 学 报 2003 年 3 月
C ordy la ， a n d T elm ap h ilus in to P h ro n ia ； ra ise d th e g en u s L yg isto w h in a to th e le v el o f th e su b fam ily
L yg isterrh in in a e ； ra ise d th e g en u s M a n ota to th e le vel of th e su b fa m ily M a no tin a e ． E d w a rd s ’s d ivid e d syste m is as
fo llo w s ： th e tri b e E xe ch iin i co n sists of 5 g e n era A na tella W in n e rtz 1 8 6 3 ， A llod ia W in n ertz 1 8 6 3 ， B ra ch yp eza
W in n ertz 1 8 6 3 ， E x ec h ia W in n e rtz 18 6 3 ， R hy m soia W in n e rtz 18 6 3 ， th e trib le M yc eto p h ilin i is c o m p o se d of 2 0 gen era B rachvd icrania Sk use 1 8 88 ， C ordyla M eigen 1 80 3 ， D elop sis S kuse 1 890 ， z))，， ￡DsD，n口 W inn ertz 1 863 ， ／cy p ta W in n ertz 1 86 3 ， M a c ro brac h ius D zied zic k i 1 8 8 9 ， M a n o ta W illisto n 1 8 9 6 ， M y ce top h ila M eig en 1 8 0 3 ， M ycothera M eigen 1803 ， Lygistorrhina Skuse 1980 ， Opistholoba M ik 1891， ^ 0 M acquart 1834 ， P a la eotric ho n ta M e u n ie r 19 0 4 ， P a rex ech ia B ec h e r 18 8 6 ， P h ro n ia W in n e ~ z 1 8 6 3 ， P ro bo la eu s W illisto n 1 8 9 6 ，
Scepton ia W inne~ z 1863 ， Synp lasta Johannsen 1909 ， Trichonta w innea z 1863 ， Z ygom fi a W innertz 1863 ．A t th e m id d le o f 2 0 th ， T u o m ik osk i sy stem a tica lly stu d ie d th e tax o n om y o f a ll g en e ra in tri b e E x c h iin i in 1 9 6 6 ，
recogn ized previous clas sifi cation system w hich didn ’t conform to natural clas sifi cation system due to subjective fac tor， an d ga v e a n e w c las sific ation sys te m ， in w h ich R y m o sia w as d ivid e d in to R y m o sla ， T a m a n ia ，
P se nd ory m o sia an d A llod iop sis ． E x ceh ia w as c on s id e re d as a po ly p h y letic g ro u p ， a nd E x ceh ia w as d iv id e d in to
E x ech ia ， P sea d ex ceh la a n d E x ech ia op sis ； B rocio m u po se ss es g en eri c c h a ra cte rs w h ic h sh o u ld b e tak e n a s a n ew ge n u s fro m A llod ia W in n e rtz [‘ ’ ． T u o m ik o sk i m o v ed a ll sp ec ies o f B ra ch yp eza in to th e n e w g e n u s
P se ud o b ra ch yp ela ． M o reo ve r ， h e su g ge ste d th e th ird tri b e sh ou ld b e set up in th e fa m ily M yc e to p h ilid a e ， b u t h e w as sh o rt of so lid p 引 ．
W ith d e ve lo p m en t o f e n tom lolg ical m orp h olo gy an d m a n y sp ec ies in d en tifi e d in th e M y ce top h id a e ， d iff e re n t
au th o rs ga v e d iff e re n t c las sificatio n sy stem a tic s in term s o f c h ara cte rs se le c te d an d clas s ifi ca tion sta n d a rd ．
H e n n ig c on sid ered six o f th e n in e su b fa m ilies re co g n ize d b y E d w a rd s as sep a ra te fa mi lie s in h is later
p ap ers ： th e L y g isto rrh in in a e in c lu d e d in th e K erto p la tid ae ； th e M a n o tin a e a n d th e S c io p h ilin a e p la c ed in th e
M yc eto p h ilid ae ． M a d w a r trea ted th e D ito m y iid ae a s a sep ara te fa m ily b ec au se o f th e d iff e ren c e b etw e en th e ir la rvae
an d th o se o f th e B ib ion id ae ． T h e m o st re ce n t a u th ors trea t th e S c iari n ae as a fa m ily lev el ， so th ey m a y ign o re it if
S cia ri n a e w a s tre ate d as su bfami ly in th e M yc eto p h ilid a e ， a n d b e lie ve th e re st o f th e fami ly in to th e M y ce to p h ilida e
co n sistin g th e eig h t su b fa mi lies ， n a m ely M an o tin ae ， M y c om yin a e ， S c iop h ilin a e ， G n o ri stin ae ， L e iin a e 。
M etan e p siin ae ， M y c etop h ilin ae ， S c ia rin a e ． T h is arran ge m e n t is a d op te d h e re b ec au se o f its g en era l ac c ep tan c e ，
alth o u gh th e M y ceto p h ilid a e in th is sen se is p ro b a bly a p ara ph yle tic gro u p ． A th o ro u gh p h ylo ge n e tic an aly sis is
n ec essa ry to cla ri fy th e p ro b lem ．
T h e su b fa mi ly M y c eto p h ilin a e w as d ivid ed ， e m erge d o r ra ised b y au th o rs so th at g ive ro se to in sta b ility o f
s u b grou p in th e M y ce top h ilid ae w as c h alle n ged ． F o r e xa m p le ， L a n d ro c k re ga rd e d A llop h a llus as sy n o n y m o f Delopsis 笠 ；Edwards emerged Palaevepicypata into Kh)vmzia[8】；Coher regarded Delopsis as synonym 0f E p ／cyp ta ， an d set a n e w ge n u s N evep icyp ta 【 L a n e m erge d p la typ rosth ig y n e in to Z y m y ia ㈦ ． ． m erge d P la tu ro cyp ta ， P la sta cep h a la an d N ev ep icyp ta in to E p icyp ta ， m erg ed P w ra ceo m y ia in to E cech ia -5] ． m erge d N evep icyp ta in to P la tu rocyp a t[ ．
P o sitio n s of so m e ge n e ra in T u o m ik o sk i’s c las sifica tio n h a v e b e still v ary in g n ow ad a y d u ri n g d e ve lop m en t o f
clas sifi c ation ． F o r ex am p le ， re ga rd e d P a ra llod ia a s sy n o n ym A llod ia ； V o ck ero th ra ise d th e su b ge n u s
S tig m a to m e ria in B revicorn u to th e le ve l of g en u s ； su b ge n u s B ra ch y ca m p ta res u m ed th e lev el of g en u s ； M a tile
ra ise d svb ge n u s C9 ~m no g o n ia in th e T u o m k o sk i’s c la ssifi catio n sy stem to th e le ve l of g en u s ； G a gn e e m erg ed
P a la eotric ho n ta in to T rich o n ta W in n e rtz in th e tri b e M y ce top h ilin i to] ．
A t p rese n t ， th e re a re se ve n fam ilie s in th e su p erfam ily S cia m id ea ， n a m e ly M yc eto p h ilid ae ， D ito m y iid ae ， D iadocidiidae ，Bolitophilidae ，K eroplatidae ，Lygistorrhinidae and Sciari dae (L ygistorrhinidae had previously been considered as a subfam ily of K eroplatid ae ) ． Furth e r‘m oI-e E dw ards sub divided Scioph ilidae and M ycetoph ilidae into
tri b es ： G n o ristin i ， Le in i ， M y c om yin i a n d S c io p h ilin i in to S c io p h ilin ae ； E xe ch iin i an d M y ceto p h ilin i in to
M yc etop h ilina e ， th e fi ft h tri b e M e ta n e p siin i w a s a d d e d to th e S c io p h ilin a e ． H o w ev er ， a ll tri b e s in S c iop h ilid ae a re 中国科技论文在线 http://www.paper.edu.cn
第 20 卷第 1 期 W A N G Y i-ping et al：Study of system ic status of M ycetophilidae 35 raised t0 th e lev els o f s u b fam ily ， an d in c lu d e d in th e fa m ily M y ce top h illd a e n o w 。 ． T h erefo re ， n ow th e fam ily
M y ce top h ilida e c on s ists of fi ve su b fam ilie s n a m e ly M yc o m y in a e ， S c iop h ilin ae ， G n o ristin ae ， leiin a e a n d
M y ce top h ilin a e ， a n d th e la tter su b fa m ily in clu d es tw o tri b e s E x ec h iin i an d M y c etop h ilin i·
3 S tu d ies on M y cetop h ilid ae from C hin a
3 ．1 S tud ie s o n c la ss ific atio n a nd p hy log e ny o f M yc eto p hilid a e
A fte r J ap a n e se sc h o lar O ka d a d esc ri b e d 8 sp ec ies in th e M y ce top h ilin ae co llec te d fro m e ast-n o rth e rn C h in a ， cla ssifi c atio n of M yc eto p h ilin a e h av e n ot b e en stu d ie d u n til m id d le of 1 9 8 0 ’s ． P ro f W u a n d Y a n g b eg an to stu d y th e t~ o n o m v o f M yc eto p h ilid a e in C h in a ， a n d h av e d e scri b ed a n d re co rd e d ab o u t 3 7 0 sp e c ie s in 2 5 ge n e ra ， w h ich b e lon g to 5 su b fa mi lie s[ ．
W u et a 1 ．fi rstly stu d ie d p h y lo gen etic re lation sh ip of th e fa m ily M yc eto p h ilid ae at th e ge n e ri c lev el b ase d o n sp e cie s fro m C h in a w ith 4 8 m o rp h o log ica l c h a ra cte rs ． T h e c la d istic a n aly sis w as p e rfo rm e d u sin g th e H en n ig 8 6 program (vers ion 1 ．5 ) ，th e in-group com p ri sed of 28 know n genera ， B olitop hila and Lyg istorrhina w ere used as th e o u t-g rou p ac co rd in g to M a tile re sea rch c on clu sion ． T h e re su lt o f c lad istic a n aly sis in M yc eto p h ilid a e su g ge sts th at M yc eto p h ilin a e a n d L e iin ae a re siste r g ro u p s ； S cio p h ilin ae is a p ri mi tive g ro u p in th e fa m ily M y c eto p h ilid ae ， an d M yc etip h ilin a e is a rev olu tio n al g ro u p ． M oreo ve r th e res ea rch sh ow s th a t G no ri stin a e b e lon g s to p ara p h y letic grou p s ， w h ile th e su b fa m ily M y co mi n a e is in term e d iate b etw e e n M yc eto p h ilin ae an d L e iin ae ．
G e n e ra lly sp e a k in g ， th e stu d y o n cla ssifi c atio n of M y ce to p h ilid a e h a s b ee n re la tive ly d e fi cie n t so fa r ， p a rtic u la rly in p h log e n etic a n a lsis ab ou t M y ceto p h ilid a e ．
3 ．2 S tud ies o n zo o ge og ra ph ic d istributio n T h e in fo rm atio n of th e zoo ge og p h ica l d istri b u tio n a bo u t M y ce to p h iled a e fro m C h in a w as re al ly sc arc e[ 。拍。 ．
W u stu d ie d th e b iog eo g ra p h ic d istri b u tion o f M yc o m yin a e ． A cco rd in g to th e e arlie st fo ssil m ate ri al o f th e s u b fami ly
M y co m y in a e 。 h e c on sid e re d th a t w as on e o f th e o ld est gro u p s in th e fa mi ly M y c eto ph ilid ae ． H e a lso b e lie ve d th e su b fa mi ly w as a gro u p o f tro p ic al re gion ， b e ca u se sev en ge n e ra o u t o f th e to tal 10 ge n era in th is su b fa mi ly w e re on ly found in tro pical an d su btro pical regi on s．A m ong the 10 known gen era belonging to M ycom yinae only the genera M y co m y a an d N eo em p he ria a re d isco ve re d th ro u gh o u t th e w o rld ， b u t th e re st are co nfi n e d to a c ert a in zoo ge ogra p h ica l reg ion ． T h e g en u s E ch in ip o d iu m ca n b e fo u n d in th e N eo tro p ica l re gio n ， V iric ivo ra ， P ara em p hiella ， M y com yiella ，M oriniola and Syndocosia in the A fri can regi on ． Vecella in the O ri ental region an d M y co leia in th e N ea rc tic reg ion ． T h ere a re 3 k n o wn g en e ra of th e su bfa m ily in C h in a ， of w h ich M y co m ya an d
N eo em p h eria c an b e fo u n d in sev e ra l zoo g eo grap h ic a l reg io n s ， w h ile V ecella is th e e n d em ic ge n u s in C h in a ．
4 P rob lem s an d pro sp ects
W ith the eff ort s of generations of entomologi sts in China，m ore than 300 species of fungus gan ts have been fo u n d an d d e sc ri b e d ． O n a cc ou n t o f th e a b u n d an c e o f fu n g i sp ec ies ． w h ich h av e a wi d e d istri b u tio n an d a c o m p lica ted h a b itat ， lots of in sec t s pe c ie s th a t p ara sitize on e d ib le fu n g i b o d y are still u n d e sc rib ed ． A lth ou gh so m e o f in sec ts a re a lre ad y k n o wn a s a fu n gi p e st， th e ir h osts a re still n o t w e ll u n d ers to od ． In ad d itio n ， th e fa m ily M y ce to p h ilid a e is lo w in o rd e r D iptera in term s o f ev o lu tio n _28] ． T h e in terac tio n b etw e en th e in se cts th at fee d on fu n gi an d th e fu n g i sp e c ie s o n w h ich the se in se cts p a ra sitize p ro v id es a goo d
m ate ri al fo r d isc u ssion o n co e vo lu tio n b etw e en in sec ts a n d fu n g i ． Th e re fo re ， sy stem atic a n a ly se s a n d co m p a ri son s
b etw e en m o rp h o lo gy an d ge n etic s of th e in sects th at fee d o n fu n g i w ill p rov id e 8 n e w th eo u fo r co e vo lu tiio n ． ．
R e fe re n c e s ： [ i] W innertz J ．B eitrag ZH einer M onographie der Pilzm ucken [J] ．Verh Z ool B ot G es I／／en ，1863 ，13 ：637 — 964 [2 ] E dw ard s F W ．T wo new Delopsis collected by D r．Leefm as in Java [J] Tijd E ra ，1935 ，78 ：186 — 187 ． 中国科技论文在线 http://www.paper.edu.cn
36 浙 江 林 学 院 学 报 2003 年 3 月
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菌 蚊 科 昆 虫 系统 分 类地 位 的研 究 (双翅 目 ：茵 蚊科 )
王义平 ，吴 鸿，徐 华潮
(浙 江林 学 院 森林 保护 研究 所 ，浙 江 l晦安 3 11300 )
摘 要 ：对 茵蚊科研 究现状进行 了详细概括 ，其中 包括 其生物 学、分类与鉴定 、地理 分布 、分 类的 系统地位 和 系统发育等 ，同时还提 出存 在的问题 与展 望 。依据 最新的资料 ，茵蚊科应 由 5 个亚科构成 ，即真 菌蚊 亚科 、粘茵蚊 亚科 、邻茵蚊亚科 、滑 茵蚊 亚科 和 茵蚊 亚科 ，其 中茵 蚊亚科 包括 2 个族 ，即伊 菌蚊族 和茵蚊族 。
关 键 词 ： 菌 蚊 科 ；地 理 分 布 ；分 类 地 位