The Best Start in Life? Alleviating Deprivation, Improving Social Mobility, and Eradicating Child Poverty

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Best Start in Life? Alleviating Deprivation, Improving Social Mobility, and Eradicating Child Poverty House of Commons Work and Pensions Committee The best start in life? Alleviating deprivation, improving social mobility, and eradicating child poverty Second Report of Session 2007–08 Volume II Oral and written evidence Ordered by The House of Commons to be printed 20 February 2008 HC 42-II Published on 10 March 2008 by authority of the House of Commons London: The Stationery Office Limited £0.00 The Work and Pensions Committee The Work and Pensions Committee is appointed by the House of Commons to examine the expenditure, administration, and policy of the Department for Work and Pensions and its associated public bodies. Current membership Terry Rooney MP (Labour, Bradford North) (Chairman) Anne Begg MP (Labour, Aberdeen South) Harry Cohen MP (Labour, Leyton and Wanstead) Michael Jabez Foster MP (Labour, Hastings and Rye) Oliver Heald MP (Conservative, Hertfordshire North East) Joan Humble MP (Labour, Blackpool North and Fleetwood) Tom Levitt MP (Labour, High Peak) Greg Mulholland MP (Liberal Democrat, Leeds North West) John Penrose MP (Conservative, Weston-Super-Mare) Mark Pritchard MP (Conservative, The Wrekin) Jenny Willott MP (Liberal Democrat, Cardiff Central) The following Members were also members of the Committee during the Parliament: Philip Dunne MP (Conservative, Ludlow) Natascha Engel MP (Labour, North East Derbyshire) Justine Greening MP (Conservative, Putney) Powers The committee is one of the departmental select committees, the powers of which are set out in House of Commons Standing Orders, principally in SO No 152. These are available on the Internet via www.parliament.uk. Publications The Reports and evidence of the Committee are published by The Stationery Office by Order of the House. All publications of the Committee (including press notices) are on the Internet at www.parliament.uk/parliamentary_committees/work_and_pensions_committee.c fm. A list of Reports of the Committee in the present Parliament is at the back of this volume. Committee staff The current staff of the Committee are James Rhys (Clerk), Emma Graham (Second Clerk), Amy Sweeney and Hanna Haas (Committee Specialists), Laura Humble (Committee Media Adviser), Louise Whitley (Committee Assistant), Emily Gregory (Committee Secretary) and John Kittle (Senior Office Clerk). Contacts All correspondence should be addressed to the Clerk of the Work and Pensions Committee, House of Commons, 7 Millbank, London SW1P 3JA. The telephone number for general enquiries is 020 7219 5833; the Committee’s email address is [email protected] Witnesses Wednesday 24 October 2007 Lisa Harker, Institute for Public Policy Research Qq 1-26 Fran Bennett, Senior Research Fellow, University of Oxford, Mike Brewer, Qq 27-63 Institute for Fiscal Studies and Tess Ridge, Lecturer, University of Bath Wednesday 7 November 2007 Steve Broach, Every Disabled Child Matters, Martin Narey, Barnardo’s and Qq 64-105 Jason Streliz, Save the Children Kate Bell, One Parent Families|Gingerbread and Kate Green, Child Poverty Qq 106-145 Action Group Wednesday 21 November 2007 Richard Exell, TUC, Keith Faulkner CBE, FRSA, Working Links, and Alex Bax Qq 146-215 and Doreen Kenny, Greater London Authority Monday 3 December 2007 Caroline Flint MP, Minister of State for Employment and Welfare Reform, Rt Hon Jane Kennedy MP, Financial Secretary to the Treasury, Jonathan Portes, DWP Qq 216-298 and Jonathan Athow, HM Treasury List of written evidence 1 Ruth Lister Ev 1 2 TUC Ev 4 3 Citizens Advice Scotland Ev 9 4 YWCA Ev 13 5 Surrey Welfare Rights Unit Ev 18 6 Adrian Sinfield Ev 23 7 Remploy Ltd Ev 38 8 Institute for Fiscal Studies Ev 39 9 Fran Bennett Ev 42 10 Every Disabled Child Matters Ev 46 11 Scope, Treehouse and Working Families Ev 51 12 WorkDirections UK Ev 52 13 Barnardo’s Ev 56 14 Joseph Rowntree Foundation Ev 64 15 National Childminding Association Ev 66 16 Save the Children Ev 70 17 Poor Relations Project Ev 76 18 I CAN Ev 84 19 Family Fund Ev 90 20 Mayor of London Ev 102 21 One Parent Families/Gingerbread Ev 104 22 CPAG Ev 114 23 Family Welfare Association Ev 123 24 Daycare Trust Ev 126 25 Low Incomes Tax Reform Group Ev 128 26 DWP Ev 131; 140; 143; 187 27 Working Links Ev 151 28 Centre for the Economics of Education Ev 153 29 Families Need Fathers Ev 163 30 Tess Ridge Ev 164 31 Transcript of You and Yours Radio Programme Ev 170 Processed: 27-02-2008 16:01:58 Page Layout: COENU1 [SO] PPSysB Job: 380377 Unit: PAG2 Work and Pensions Committee: Evidence 1 Oral evidence Taken before the Work and Pensions Committee on Wednesday 24 October 2007 Members present Mr Terry Rooney, in the Chair Miss Anne Begg Mrs Joan Humble Harry Cohen Greg Mulholland Michael Jabez Foster John Penrose Mr Oliver Heald Jenny Willott Witness: Ms Lisa Harker, Co-Director, Institute for Public Policy Research, gave evidence. Q1 Chairman: I welcome everybody to the second meeting the 2010 target. I think that one of the most sessionof theCommittee’s inquiryintochildpoverty. valuable things I could do in my report was to try to Ms Harker, it is good to see you again. Do you think set out a picture of where we would be likely to be the 2010 and 2020 targets are correct, or should there given current policies and where Government would be more focus on the very poor? need to be to meet the 2010 target. Right now we are Ms Harker: I think they are the correct targets. It is a long way from meeting that target, but it would be always a challenge to find a single target that captures possible to achieve it with a substantial increase in the experience of poverty and I strongly support the investment. We are at the most diYcult phase of this approach of Government to take a range of strategy. The first six or seven years of the 20-year indicators to provide a background picture. But in strategy has been about putting in place some order to focus government attention and energies a measures but it has also been possible to help out of single and relative income target is needed. poverty those who are easiest to help. We are now at Therefore, I support the targets as currently set out. the phase of thestrategy where not only do we haveto help those who are furthest away from escaping Q2 Chairman: The Government makes much virtue poverty—the more diYcult cases—but put in place of work as the principal route out of poverty. As we longer-term measures, such as investment in get nearer to 2020 there will be a residual number of education in the early years, to ensure we reach the people for whom work is not possible for whatever 2020 target and take a look at some of the drivers of reason. Does it mean that out-of-work benefits must poverty.Inasense,weareat themostexpensivephase rise to a level that destroys any work incentive or is of the strategy where we need both short-term there another mechanism which deals with that investment to remain on track and long-term situation? investment to get to where we need to be ultimately. Ms Harker: Government needsto look at thebalance At the moment the Government has not put in the of out-of-work benefits and in-work support. level of investment that is needed to reach either the Employment as a route out of poverty as you suggest 2010 or 2020 target. can go only so far. There will alwaysbe a group that is out of work. It is critical to acknowledge that our aspiration is to be as close to the best in Europe in Q4 Chairman: Do you think anything will change in terms of child poverty levels. That may mean never the next two years in that respect? reaching the magic zero, but we can certainly do far Ms Harker:What we dohave is a very strongpolitical better. With child poverty rates in Scandinavian commitment, so at the moment we have a gap countries of around 3, 4 or 5% we should look to that between rhetoric and reality. I do not doubt the as a target. As to people who are out of work, we Government’s commitment to this; it is certainly one should aspire to a position where unemployment is a of the main political motivations of the Prime temporary experience for many, and there should be Minister. We see very strong public commitments support forthose who cannot work. Onegoes backto across government to meet the target. My experience the original principle set out by Government: there Y of working for the DWP reinforced my impression ought to be su cient out-of-work support for those that this was something the Government took very who cannot work to ensure they escape the poverty seriously. One cannot, however, escape the line. conclusion that currently the rhetoric and reality in terms of where one is likely to get to do not match. Q3 Chairman: The year 2020 is a long way away but 2010 is almost on the doorstep. What do you believe are the chances of reaching the 2010 target? Q5 Chairman: The Government has now defined Ms Harker: Looking at current policies andthe likely material deprivation. It took some time to get there progress one can project to the best of one’s abilities, but we now have a definition. Do you think that is currently the Government does not have a chance of likely to lead to any change in policy? Processed: 27-02-2008 16:01:58 Page Layout: COENU1 [E] PPSysB Job: 380377 Unit: PAG2 2 Work and Pensions Committee: Evidence 24 October 2007 Ms Lisa Harker Ms Harker: It is helpful to have a measure of programme support and think carefully about how material deprivation as a way to put some colour on one uses resources and whether a more personalised the picture of the experience of poverty, recognising service for individuals may ultimately be more that if the only focus is on an income target one may cost-eVective.
Recommended publications
  • Pension, Disability and Carers Service
    House of Commons Work and Pensions Committee Pension, Disability and Carers Service Oral and written evidence Wednesday 17 December 2008 Mr Terry Moran, Ms Vivien Hopkins and Mr Nigel Richardson Ordered by The House of Commons to be printed 17 December 2008 HC 104-i Published on 9 February 2009 by authority of the House of Commons London: The Stationery Office Limited £0.00 The Work and Pensions Committee The Work and Pensions Committee is appointed by the House of Commons to examine the expenditure, administration, and policy of the Department for Work and Pensions and its associated public bodies. Current membership Terry Rooney MP (Labour, Bradford North) (Chairman) Anne Begg MP (Labour, Aberdeen South) Harry Cohen MP (Labour, Leyton and Wanstead) Michael Jabez Foster MP (Labour, Hastings and Rye) Oliver Heald MP (Conservative, North East Hertfordshire) John Howell MP (Conservative, Henley) Joan Humble MP (Labour, Blackpool North and Fleetwood) Tom Levitt MP (Labour, High Peak) Greg Mulholland MP (Liberal Democrat, Leeds North West) John Penrose MP (Conservative, Weston-Super-Mare) Jenny Willott MP (Liberal Democrat, Cardiff Central) Powers The committee is one of the departmental select committees, the powers of which are set out in House of Commons Standing Orders, principally in SO No 152. These are available on the Internet via www.parliament.uk. Publications The Reports and evidence of the Committee are published by The Stationery Office by Order of the House. All publications of the Committee (including press notices) are on the Internet at www.parliament.uk/workpencom. Committee staff The current staff of the Committee are James Rhys (Clerk), Emma Graham (Second Clerk), Amy Sweeney and Hanna Haas (Committee Specialists), Laura Humble (Committee Media Advisor), John-Paul Flaherty (Committee Assistant), Hannah van Schijndel (Committee Secretary) and John Kittle (Senior Office Clerk).
    [Show full text]
  • THE 422 Mps WHO BACKED the MOTION Conservative 1. Bim
    THE 422 MPs WHO BACKED THE MOTION Conservative 1. Bim Afolami 2. Peter Aldous 3. Edward Argar 4. Victoria Atkins 5. Harriett Baldwin 6. Steve Barclay 7. Henry Bellingham 8. Guto Bebb 9. Richard Benyon 10. Paul Beresford 11. Peter Bottomley 12. Andrew Bowie 13. Karen Bradley 14. Steve Brine 15. James Brokenshire 16. Robert Buckland 17. Alex Burghart 18. Alistair Burt 19. Alun Cairns 20. James Cartlidge 21. Alex Chalk 22. Jo Churchill 23. Greg Clark 24. Colin Clark 25. Ken Clarke 26. James Cleverly 27. Thérèse Coffey 28. Alberto Costa 29. Glyn Davies 30. Jonathan Djanogly 31. Leo Docherty 32. Oliver Dowden 33. David Duguid 34. Alan Duncan 35. Philip Dunne 36. Michael Ellis 37. Tobias Ellwood 38. Mark Field 39. Vicky Ford 40. Kevin Foster 41. Lucy Frazer 42. George Freeman 43. Mike Freer 44. Mark Garnier 45. David Gauke 46. Nick Gibb 47. John Glen 48. Robert Goodwill 49. Michael Gove 50. Luke Graham 51. Richard Graham 52. Bill Grant 53. Helen Grant 54. Damian Green 55. Justine Greening 56. Dominic Grieve 57. Sam Gyimah 58. Kirstene Hair 59. Luke Hall 60. Philip Hammond 61. Stephen Hammond 62. Matt Hancock 63. Richard Harrington 64. Simon Hart 65. Oliver Heald 66. Peter Heaton-Jones 67. Damian Hinds 68. Simon Hoare 69. George Hollingbery 70. Kevin Hollinrake 71. Nigel Huddleston 72. Jeremy Hunt 73. Nick Hurd 74. Alister Jack (Teller) 75. Margot James 76. Sajid Javid 77. Robert Jenrick 78. Jo Johnson 79. Andrew Jones 80. Gillian Keegan 81. Seema Kennedy 82. Stephen Kerr 83. Mark Lancaster 84.
    [Show full text]
  • Pension Credit
    House of Commons Work and Pensions Committee Pension Credit Third Report of Session 2004-05 Volume II Oral and written evidence Ordered by The House of Commons to be printed 23 February 2005 HC 43-II [Incorporating HC 1219 i and HC 1219 ii , Session 2003-04] Published on 9 March 2005 by authority of the House of Commons London: The Stationery Office Limited £21.50 The Work and Pensions Committee The Work and Pensions Committee is appointed by the House of Commons to examine the expenditure, administration, and policy of the Department for Work and Pensions and its associated public bodies. Current membership Sir Archy Kirkwood MP (Liberal Democrat, Roxburgh and Berwickshire) (Chairman) Ms Vera Baird MP (Labour, Redcar) Miss Anne Begg MP (Labour, Aberdeen South) Ms Karen Buck MP (Labour, Regent’s Park and Kensington North) Mr Andrew Dismore MP (Labour, Hendon) Mr Paul Goodman MP (Conservative, Wycombe) Mr David Hamilton MP (Labour, Midlothian) Mrs Joan Humble MP (Labour, Blackpool North and Fleetwood) Rob Marris MP (Labour, Wolverhampton South West) Andrew Selous MP (Conservative, South West Bedfordshire) Mr Nigel Waterson MP (Conservative, Eastbourne) Powers The committee is one of the departmental select committees, the powers of which are set out in House of Commons Standing Orders, principally in SO No 152. These are available on the Internet via www.parliament.uk. Publications The Reports and evidence of the Committee are published by The Stationery Office by Order of the House. All publications of the Committee (including press notices) are on the Internet at http://www.parliament.uk/parliamentary_committees/work_and_pensions_comm ittee.cfm.
    [Show full text]
  • Women Mps in Westminster Photographs Taken May 21St, June 3Rd, June 4Th, 2008
    “The House of Commons Works of Art Collection documents significant moments in Parliamentary history. We are delighted to have added this unique photographic record of women MPs of today, to mark the 90th anniversary of women first being able to take their seats in this House” – Hugo Swire, Chairman, The Speaker's Advisory Committee on Works of Art. “The day the Carlton Club accepted women” – 90 years after women first got the vote aim to ensure that a more enduring image of On May 21st 2008 over half of all women women's participation in the political process Members of Parliament in Westminster survives. gathered party by party to have group photographs taken to mark the anniversary of Each party gave its permission for the 90 years since women first got the vote (in photographs to be taken. For the Labour February 1918 women over 30 were first Party, Barbara Follett MP, the then Deputy granted the vote). Minister for Women and Equality, and Barbara Keeley MP, who was Chair of the Labour Party Women’s Committee and The four new composite Caroline Adams, who works for the photographs taken party by Parliamentary Labour Party helped ensure that all but 12 of the Labour women party aim to ensure that a attended. more enduring image of For the Conservative women's participation in the Party, The Shadow Leader of the House of political process survives Commons and Shadow Minister for Until now the most often used photographic Women, Theresa May image of women MPs had been the so called MP and the Chairman “Blair Babes” picture taken on 7th May 1997 of the Conservative shortly after 101 Labour women were elected Party, Caroline to Westminster as a result of positive action by Spelman MP, enlisted the Labour Party.
    [Show full text]
  • Draft Mental Incapacity Bill Draft Mental Incapacity Bill
    House of Lords House of Commons Joint Committee on the Draft Mental Incapacity Bill Draft Mental Incapacity Bill Session 2002–03 Volume I HL Paper 189-I HC 1083-I House of Lords House of Commons Joint Committee on the Draft Mental Incapacity Bill Draft Mental Incapacity Bill Session 2002-03 Volume I Report together with formal minutes Ordered by The House of Commons to be printed 17 November 2003 HL Paper 189-I HC 1083-I Published on 28 November 2003 by authority of the House of Lords and the House of Commons London: The Stationery Office Limited £0.00 The Joint Committee on the Draft Mental Incapacity Bill The Joint Committee on the Draft Mental Incapacity Bill was appointed by the House of Commons and the House of Lords on Friday 11 July 2003 to examine the Draft Mental Incapacity Bill and report to both Houses no later than four months after the presentation of the draft Bill Current membership Lord Carter (Labour) Chairman Baroness Barker (Liberal Democrat) Baroness Fookes (Conservative) Baroness Knight of Collingtree (Conservative) Baroness McIntosh of Hudnall (Labour) Lord Pearson of Rannoch (Conservative) Lord Rix (Crossbencher) Baroness Wilkins (Labour) Mr John Bercow MP (Conservative, Buckingham) Mrs Angela Browning MP (Conservative, Tiverton and Honiton) Mr Paul Burstow MP (Liberal Democrat, Sutton and Cheam) Jim Dowd MP (Labour, Lewisham West) Stephen Hesford MP (Labour, Wirral West) Mrs Joan Humble MP (Labour, Blackpool North and Fleetwood) Huw Irranca-Davies MP (Labour, Ogmore) Laura Moffatt MP (Labour, Crawley) Powers The committee has the power to require the submission of written evidence and documents, to examine witnesses, to meet away from Westminster, to meet at any time, (except when Parliament is prorogues or dissolved), to appoint specialist advisers, and to make reports to the two Houses.
    [Show full text]
  • Members of the House of Commons December 2019 Diane ABBOTT MP
    Members of the House of Commons December 2019 A Labour Conservative Diane ABBOTT MP Adam AFRIYIE MP Hackney North and Stoke Windsor Newington Labour Conservative Debbie ABRAHAMS MP Imran AHMAD-KHAN Oldham East and MP Saddleworth Wakefield Conservative Conservative Nigel ADAMS MP Nickie AIKEN MP Selby and Ainsty Cities of London and Westminster Conservative Conservative Bim AFOLAMI MP Peter ALDOUS MP Hitchin and Harpenden Waveney A Labour Labour Rushanara ALI MP Mike AMESBURY MP Bethnal Green and Bow Weaver Vale Labour Conservative Tahir ALI MP Sir David AMESS MP Birmingham, Hall Green Southend West Conservative Labour Lucy ALLAN MP Fleur ANDERSON MP Telford Putney Labour Conservative Dr Rosena ALLIN-KHAN Lee ANDERSON MP MP Ashfield Tooting Members of the House of Commons December 2019 A Conservative Conservative Stuart ANDERSON MP Edward ARGAR MP Wolverhampton South Charnwood West Conservative Labour Stuart ANDREW MP Jonathan ASHWORTH Pudsey MP Leicester South Conservative Conservative Caroline ANSELL MP Sarah ATHERTON MP Eastbourne Wrexham Labour Conservative Tonia ANTONIAZZI MP Victoria ATKINS MP Gower Louth and Horncastle B Conservative Conservative Gareth BACON MP Siobhan BAILLIE MP Orpington Stroud Conservative Conservative Richard BACON MP Duncan BAKER MP South Norfolk North Norfolk Conservative Conservative Kemi BADENOCH MP Steve BAKER MP Saffron Walden Wycombe Conservative Conservative Shaun BAILEY MP Harriett BALDWIN MP West Bromwich West West Worcestershire Members of the House of Commons December 2019 B Conservative Conservative
    [Show full text]
  • 2014 Cabinet Reshuffle
    2014 Cabinet Reshuffle Overview A War Cabinet? Speculation and rumours have been rife over Liberal Democrat frontbench team at the the previous few months with talk that the present time. The question remains if the Prime Minister may undertake a wide scale Prime Minister wishes to use his new look Conservative reshuffle in the lead up to the Cabinet to promote the Government’s record General Election. Today that speculation was in this past Parliament and use the new talent confirmed. as frontline campaigners in the next few months. Surprisingly this reshuffle was far more extensive than many would have guessed with "This is very much a reshuffle based on the Michael Gove MP becoming Chief Whip and upcoming election. Out with the old, in William Hague MP standing down as Foreign with the new; an attempt to emphasise Secretary to become Leader of the House of diversity and put a few more Eurosceptic Commons. Women have also been promoted faces to the fore.” to the new Cameron Cabinet, although not to the extent that the media suggested. Liz Truss Dr Matthew Ashton, politics lecturer- MP and Nicky Morgan MP have both been Nottingham Trent University promoted to Secretary of State for Environment and Education respectively, whilst Esther McVey MP will now attend Europe Cabinet in her current role as Minister for Employment. Many other women have been Surprisingly Lord Hill, Leader for the promoted to junior ministry roles including Conservatives in the House of Lords, has been Priti Patel MP to the Treasury, Amber Rudd chosen as the Prime Minister’s nomination for MP to DECC and Claire Perry MP to European Commissioner in the new Junker led Transport, amongst others.
    [Show full text]
  • Register of All-Party Groups
    REGISTER OF ALL-PARTY GROUPS (As at 13 June 2007) REGISTER OF ALL-PARTY GROUPS PAGE 2 SECTION 1: COUNTRY GROUPS TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction............................................................................................................................... 2 The Nature of All-Party Groups ..................................................................................... 2 Purpose and Form of the ‘Register of All-Party Groups’............................................... 2 Purpose and Form of the ‘Approved List’ of Groups..................................................... 2 Administration of the Register and Approved List......................................................... 4 Complaints about All-Party Groups................................................................................ 4 Section 1: Country Groups ...................................................................................................... 6 Section 2: Subject Groups.................................................................................................... 141 REGISTER OF ALL-PARTY GROUPS PAGE 3 SECTION 1: COUNTRY GROUPS INTRODUCTION The Nature of All-Party Groups All-party groups are regarded as relatively informal compared with other cross-party bodies such as select committees of the House. The membership of all-party groups mainly comprises backbench Members of the House of Commons and Lords but may also include ministers and non-parliamentarians. Groups flourish and wane according to the interests and enthusiasm of Members.
    [Show full text]
  • Mps Back News Media During Coronavirus Outbreak
    MPs Back News Media During Coronavirus Outbreak The Maidenhead Advertiser is a highly respected It is really important that people are able to access local newspaper and so it is right that the local news to gain an understanding of what is going Government has offered support through a number on in their area. The country’s news media - broadcast, print and of schemes which have been welcomed by Baylis online - are fulfilling a vital role ensuring people Media Ltd. receive accurate and timely health advice from Newspapers are absolutely vital when it comes to reporting on some of the key messages that we all the NHS and Public Health England during the However, an extension of the business rates holiday need to take on board so we can tackle this virus. pandemic, so everyone understands how to local publishers would help to ease the I hope some clarity and guidance can be issued to important it is to follow the advice to stay at considerable pressure they are currently facing and make sure it is understood that newspaper deliveries home in order to protect the NHS and save lives. enable local newspapers to continue to produce can – and should – still take place. trusted news and information at this time. … Home deliveries are an important part of this battle to As a vital part of the local community, we must make keep people self-isolating. sure The Maidenhead Advertiser can remain open for business. Rt Hon Oliver Dowden CBE MP – Rt Hon Gavin Williamson CBE Rt Hon Theresa May MP – Hertsmere and Secretary of State for MP – South Staffordshire and Maidenhead, Conservative Party Digital, Culture, Media and Sport, Secretary of State for Education, Conservative Party Conservative Party MPs Back News Media During Coronavirus Outbreak We need to do everything we can do in order to make sure we have a viable local newspaper when we come through the other side of this crisis.
    [Show full text]
  • The CEN Manifesto
    The CEN Manifesto 1848 1882 What happens if we continue on current trends? Public Health Act makes the state the guarantor of health and environmental World’s first coal-fired power standards for the first time. New local boards station opens at 57 Holborn Viaduct of health, prompted by outbreaks of Cholera in London. It lights 968 16-candle and the work of Edwin Chadwick, are given incandescent street lamps. powers to control water, sewage, food safety and rubbish. 1889 2100 Board of Agriculture Act establishes 1919 the first Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries Global temperature hits 3-4℃ Forestry Commission established to and Food. above pre industrial levels: replenish woodlands felled for timber during Sea levels rise by 56cm. Over 72 million people the war. Afforestation efforts stretched to affected by coastal area flooding every year. over 900,000 acres. 1947 $11.7 trillion worth of annual flood damage Town and Country Planning Act from sea level rise. 1948 establishes the Green Belt. From 1955, Conservative Minister for Housing, 13 fewer frost days in Britain every year and Anglers’ Conservation Association Duncan Sandys MP, encourages LAs likelihood of ‘unprecedented’ summer heat founded to encourage anglers to buy land to protect land around their towns with rising to 67%. adjacent to rivers and bring legal actions clearly defined green belts. 2050 against those polluting the river. Landmark A completely ice-free Arctic summer. case ‘Pride of Derby’ (1952) forced public and Global temperature hits 1.5℃ private entities to stop polluting the River 1949 Frequency of warm extremes in Africa rises by above pre industrial levels: Derwent.
    [Show full text]
  • Mps' Expenses and Allowances
    in Public Life on Standards Committee MPs’ expenses and allowances MPs’ expenses and allowances Supporting Parliament, safeguarding the taxpayer Committee on Standards in Public Life November 2009 November 2009 November Cm 7724 Twelfth Report Chair: Sir Christopher Kelly KCB Cm 7724 Spine Twelfth Report of the Committee on Standards in Public Life Chair: Sir Christopher Kelly KCB MPs’ expenses and allowances Supporting Parliament, safeguarding the taxpayer Report Presented to Parliament by the Prime Minister by Command of Her Majesty November 2009 Cm 7724 £26.60 MPS’ exPeNSeS aNd aLLowaNCeS © Crown Copyright 2009 The text in this document (excluding the Royal Arms and other departmental or agency logos) may be reproduced free of charge in any format or medium providing it is reproduced accurately and not used in a misleading context. The material must be acknowledged as Crown copyright and the title of the document specified. Where we have identified any third party copyright material you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. For any other use of this material please contact the Office of Public Sector Information, Information Policy Team, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 4DU or e-mail: [email protected]. ISBN: 9780101772426 Printed in the UK for The Stationery Office Limited on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office ID 2332086 11/09 Printed on paper containing 75% recycled fibre content minimum. 2 PRefaCe Preface 4 November 2009 Revelations about the expenses regime in the House of Commons have corroded public trust in the integrity of Parliament. The reputation of individual MPs and confidence in the way we are governed have both been seriously damaged.
    [Show full text]
  • Members 1979-2010
    Members 1979-2010 RESEARCH PAPER 10/33 28 April 2010 This Research Paper provides a complete list of all Members who have served in the House of Commons since the general election of 1979 to the dissolution of Parliament on 12 April 2010. The Paper also provides basic biographical and parliamentary data. The Library and House of Commons Information Office are frequently asked for such information and this Paper is based on the data we collate from published sources to assist us in responding. This Paper replaces an earlier version, Research Paper 09/31. Oonagh Gay Richard Cracknell Jeremy Hardacre Jean Fessey Recent Research Papers 10/22 Crime and Security Bill: Committee Stage Report 03.03.10 10/23 Third Parties (Rights Against Insurers) Bill [HL] [Bill 79 of 2009-10] 08.03.10 10/24 Local Authorities (Overview and Scrutiny) Bill: Committee Stage Report 08.03.10 10/25 Northern Ireland Assembly Members Bill [HL] [Bill 75 of 2009-10] 09.03.10 10/26 Debt Relief (Developing Countries) Bill: Committee Stage Report 11.03.10 10/27 Unemployment by Constituency, February 2010 17.03.10 10/28 Transport Policy in 2010: a rough guide 19.03.10 10/29 Direct taxes: rates and allowances 2010/11 26.03.10 10/30 Digital Economy Bill [HL] [Bill 89 of 2009-10] 29.03.10 10/31 Economic Indicators, April 2010 06.04.10 10/32 Claimant Count Unemployment in the new (2010) Parliamentary 12.04.10 Constituencies Research Paper 10/33 Contributing Authors: Oonagh Gay, Parliament and Constitution Centre Richard Cracknell, Social and General Statistics Section Jeremy Hardacre, Statistics Resources Unit Jean Fessey, House of Commons Information Office This information is provided to Members of Parliament in support of their parliamentary duties and is not intended to address the specific circumstances of any particular individual.
    [Show full text]