1i W: ^%. ENGLISH -SULU - MALAY VOCABULARY. I i ENGLISH -SULU- MALAY VOCABULARY, \\ ITH USEFUL SENTENCES, TABLES, cS:c. IJV ANDSON COWIE, liDlTEU BV Wm. CLAEK COWIE (;ramal\tical introduction I!V THE EDITOR. LU-NDOX: Printed for the Editor by Theo. May, 138 Tanners Hill. S Copies can be obtained at the (>kfici:.s ok THE BRITISH NORTH BORNEO COMP.WV. 15 Leadenhall Street, EC. and at Sandakan 1893. (Ail lights reservedJ CCKA.tSUU^UM I CxvV PREFACE The whole of the Suh'i portion of this worlv is •original. It is the result of the labour of my late hrother Audson, who devoted much time to the study of several native dialects dui'ing the thirteen years he resided in the Island of 8ulu and various parts of Malaya. That he attained an unusual proficiency in the Sulu and Malay languages is well known, and his voluminous notes in my possession .are evidence of the careful iiivestigation which he l)estowed upon the Sulu l)ef(^re placing it against its English and Mala}' equivalents. All the in- accuracies and literary imperfections to be met with in these pages are attributable to my short- comings; however, as I did not undertake the editing of this volume from choice, but from a sense of duty, I trust to the indulgence of critics and those for whose benefit it is intended. The idiomatic Phrases and Sentences have been constructed to employ nearly every Sulil word in the vocabulary. 500978 PKEFACE. The Author's object in adding Malay, to what lie originally designed as a Siild work only, was to ac- celerate the further fusion of two dialects which have so much affinity and which will make the language of North Borneo the English of the farther East. I have to acknowledge my indebtedness to Marsden's Dictionary of the Malay Language, and to Maxwell's Manual of the Mala}- Language for material and information which have aided me in constructing the Malay part of the Introduction. Eroni a small Sulu vocabulary,* by my esteemed friend Mr. Thomas Henry Haynes, I have adopted a few nautical terms. AV. C. COAYIE. Hurst Villa, ]jrockley. London, S.E. Septeml)er 19th, lH<):-i. IvJoTE. —:Mr. Andson Cowie died in Arbroath, Scotland, February 29th, 1888, at the early age of thirty-two. * The vocabulary referred to was edited by the Honble W. E. Maxwell, C.M.G., and printed by the Straits Branch of the Asiatic Society for circulation amongst its members. CONTENTS Preface V Orammatical Introduction, etc. The Siilu People it Language IX Instructions foL' Pronunciation X Nouns . XIII Adjectives. XATII Xuiiierals XX Pronouns . XXIV Verbs .XXVII Adverbs XL Prepositions .. XLII Conjunctions , . XLV Interjections .. XLVI Particles . XLVI Orthography XLVI II English-Sulu-Malay' Vocabulary 1 English-Sulu Phrases Tables, etc. : — Bank and Forms of Address... •2:u Points of the Compass 2(50 Periods of Time •i(Jl Hours of Prayer ... ... 2()-2 Days of the Week ... 2r)8 Months of the Year... CONTENTS. Fire-arms, Weapons, S:c. •2()4 Names of Gongs 2(57 Currency in Membong •2()S. Currency in Sandakan 2().s- Currency in Jolo •2(5'.' Pearl AYeight 2(')ii Avoirdupois AYeiglit 270 Measure of Capacity (Dry) .. 270 Long or Cloth Measure 271 Names of Various Bananas . 272 Treaty between England and Brunei in English and Malay 27H Malay Poem 2SH INTRODUCTION. The Siilii language is formed chiefly from Bisaya and Malay. Its similarity to hoth, in grammatical construction, is very marked, yet the distinction colloquially is most remarkable. It is spoken by all the natives of the Siilu and Tawi-Tawi archi- pelagoes, and by a very considerable portion of the inhabitants of Magindano, Palawan, Balabac, Basilan, North Borneo, Darvel Bay and the adjacent Islands, extending southward as far as Cape Kanyongan, including the State of Balongan. These places, at one time, were all tributory to the Chief termed the Sultan of Sulu. They have been described by Burbridge, in his Gardens of the Sun, as "Beauty spots of the Eastern Seas, . " blessed the heat and of eternal with glory summer ; " warmed by perpetual sunshine, deluged by copious " and thrilled . rains, by electricity ; enormous " conservatories of rare birds and curious animals ; " where man is the Adam of a modern Eden, primi- " tive in habits, and numerically insignificant." The Sulu nobility all write with a certain amount of facility. Like the Malays, they have adopted the Arabic character with certain modifications. They, however, always employ bm'is or signs to assist them A c « X INTEODUCTION. in distinguishing their vowels, whereas the Malays .generally leave them out. The Sulii people are a bold, fearless race, and, up to a very recent date, were most notorious pirates. In tlieir lovely isles they lived compara- tively contented until their ancient enemies the Spaniards gained a footing amongst them. Now all is changed ! Spanish rule is hateful to them and many are leaving the Sulii archipelago for British North Borneo. In time they should make valuable subjects to the Chartered Company, but, whilst taming, they will require ver}^ careful treatment. The primary object of this work is to assist the Europeans of North Borneo in acquiring a know- ledge of Siilu to enable them to converse with the Siiliis in their own dialect rathei' than through the medium of Malay, which, although understood by many, is still a foreign language to them. The advantage to those already conversant witli Malay in having the Malay equivalent of each Siilii word in juxtaposition is obvious. The system of orthography adopted is similar to that employed by Marsden in his Dictionary of the Malay language. INSTRUCTIONS FOR PRONUNCIATION. Vowels to be Pronounced : — (7 a in e. old. as jar, father; g., sdh, w'rong ; mas, a like the above but shorter. i^ as e in prey; e. g., pcla, how much or liow many; viamPla, to ieW. I INTKODUCTION. XI •e as e in let e. from ; j^., dicn, ; shega, begone. 7 i in as fatigue, marine; e. g., hi, to buy; pitg-bl, to sell. i as i in ])ig, bid, bit; e. g., tFihig, water; hlblcl, rope. (7 as o in go; e. g., agdug, a gong; ma-tog, to sleep, o like the above but shorter. il as u in blue; e.g., hagfi, new; hutang. II like the above but shorter. .11 as u in but, pug, mug; e. g., pug-daiau-i to mend or to repair ; miig-dlliil, give. h as u in gude (Scotch), siiden (German), svir excessive 7i of (French); e.g., ^/>(Z, ; »/«/?, place abode; bnkiiii it is not; hf(, yes. It has no equivalent in English. DiPTHONGS. ai as the vowels in lie; e. g., ^)«i, paddy, lantai, floor; ,soZ>rt/', essential. /:iii as the in to ow now, bow ; e.g., kdhaii, buffalo; .sa6rt», sauce ; adlau, diQ,y. oi similar to oy in annoy; e. g., hahoi, pig; haloi, a to run mat ; pdgoi, away, ei as the ie in die or ye in dye; e. g., pandei (M.), clever; pakei (M.), to dress. Consonants. The consonants h, ch, g, Ji, j, k, I, in, n, ng,p, r, -s, sJi, t, V, 70, are, with the following exceptions, to be pronounced as they are in English: — ch always to be pronounced like ch in chain, XII INTEODUCTION. church; e. g., cJnlcJulJx a key; chaka]), ready. The hard sound of ch as in character is repre- — sented by k, as kalachucho, cartridge. / There is no sound equivalent to f in Biihi, and in all words borrowed from Malay the f has been " " into e. fikir into to think ; changed p ; g., jnJiil, " " " " fakir into 'pakll, a medicant; faidah into- jycddah, advantage. like in g should always be pronounced g gap ; e. border for g., hegad, ; dagfoug, bamboo water to follow. carrying ; dgad, The sound of g as in sage is represented by j as^ be awake mitg-jdga, to watch or ; 2)anji, flag. li like the k in Malay is almost mute when it is the final letter of a word but otherwise it is always strongly aspirated. A: should be pronounced like k in kick, stick; it m never mute, as it is in Malay, when the final e. dollars or letter of a word ; g., pcJah, silver, a/rt to money; A', arrack ; sfiaUilx, %\\oui; mam- to find. aliilx, to pay respect ; hah, or end of a iig whether at the beginning word has the same sound as ng in sting; e. g., mangi, wicked; ingan, name; p)Cui-iiujan-an, to ^iy\e; hangun, to rise. like s in see e. iron s to be pronounced ; g., hclsJ, ; rice bugas, ; diighus, appearance. V is used only once in the Siilu, namelj^ in the word asJvl, small. In the Malay, v is not used. INTRODUCTION. XIII OF GRAMMAR. The grammar of the Siihi language is very similar to that of the Malay.* I. NOUNS. Nouns, both in Malay and Siilii, undergo no change to indicate number, gender, or case. NUMBEE. Number, when not sufficiently clear in the context, " is denoted By the use of separate words expressive of plurality and singularity"—as, ma-ta iid, msbiiy; some —or numerals. It is also manga, ; by specific sometimes the of the noun expressed by duplication ; •e. g., bdtu, stone; hdtu-hdtu, stones. The particle ma as prefixed to adjectives, in the Siilu, signifies intensity of their power. In some instances when it precedes certain nouns it denotes plurality; e. g., in kuda, the horse; i)i ma JcRra, the horses. Gender. Differences in the sexes are, with two or three denoted the following words exceptions,— by expressive of the sex : SuLU.