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Iraq Paper.Cdr Pakistan Entomologist Journal homepage: www.pakentomol.com ADDENDA TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF BUPRESTIDAE FAUNA IN ERBIL PROVINCE, KURDISTAN REGION-IRAQ Pshtiwan A. Jalil1* and Wand K. ALI2 ARTICLE INFORMATION ABSTRACT Received: June 17, 2019 Received in revised form: November 05, 2019 Accepted: December 10, 2019 *Corresponding Author: Pshtiwan A. Jalil E-mail: [email protected] Keywords: INTRODUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS The family Buprestidae is one of the major families of the Survey and specimens collection order Coleoptera and contains nearly 15,000 species recorded During the seasonal surveys, the specimens were collected in 469 genera, 48 tribes, and 6 subfamilies (Bílý et al., 2011). from forests, grassland, and orchards in different locations of Approximately 141 species are referred to in the Iraqi fauna the Erbil province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, throughout years (Ali, 2007). The flat-headed borers play an important role (2016 – 2018). Most of the locations were surveyed, and amidst orchards and wild forests, in the devastation of certain regarding other habitats, we have depended also upon the host plants. The larvae are the injurious stage; they bore materials collected by most of the country's authors ( Derwesh stems, branches, and roots, of different trees and shrubs by 1965; Shalaby et al., 1966; Kaddou, 1967; El-Haidari et al., slowly tunneling through the woody tissues and remaining a 1971; Abdul-Rassoul 1976; Ali 2007). Various collecting long time within their host. Thus they cause major economic methods were used; sweeping, beating of branches of trees damage (Tozlu and Özbek 2000; Vannatta et al. 2012; Bolu et and bushes; also various methods of trapping were used al. 2018). However, a large number of its species are stem (Sakalian and Mario, 2004; Varandi et al., 2009; Domingue et borers, and many are leaf miners, such as Trachys spp., and al., 2013; Petrice et al., 2013). Brachys spp., some make galls on branches and twigs like Agrilus spp. and some bore through the roots of host trees as Identification of specimens Capnodis tenebrionis (Trojan 2009; Bolu & Özgen 2011; The specimens were identified by depending on the keys of Babmorad et al. 2014). Correct taxonomic categories of many genera and species, also samples were sent to the relevant of the species listed in the previous studies are not clear and experts, Dr. Mark G. Volkovitsh, and Dr. Svatopluk Bily. some have been mistakenly identified. Therefore, the Moreover, to ascertain their identification, a number of larvae faunistic composition of the Iraqi fauna must be interrogated. were reared on the stem of their host plants until they reached So we aimed to correctly illustrate extra information about the adult stage. We also took advantage of the available each species' synonymy, geographical distribution, and the literature (Obenberger 1926, 1946; Knopf 1971, 1975; Bilý larval host plants. 1999), for accurate geographical distribution in the present study, and the recent catalog of the family Buprestidae was Cite this article as: Jalil, P.A. and W.K.. Ali. 2020. Addenda to the knowledge of buprestidae fauna in Erbil Province, Kurdistan Region-Iraq. Pak. Entomol., 42(1): 1-10. 771 Jalil and Ali/ Pakistan Entomologist 2020, 42(1):1-10 exploited, aligning to that used in the papers by (Bily and Material Examined: Shaqlawa, 36°24'15.585” N / Volkovitsh 2001; Bellamy 2008; Ghahari et al. 2008; Varandi 44°15'32” E, 834 m, 12 Jul. 2007, 4 specimens. The larval et al. 2009; Kubáň et al. 2014). host plant is unknown, the adult beetles collected directly by hand on Quercus spp. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION General Distribution: Iran, Syria, Turkey (Ghahari et al. A total number of 33 species (one identified only to the genus 2012) and in Iraq reported by the authors (Derwesh 1965; level) belonging to 17 genera and 5 subfamilies with Roberts 1972; Abdul-Rassoul 1976; Ali et al. 2011). representing 10 tribes were collected and determined from different locations of Erbil province, Kurdistan Region-Iraq. Julodis audouinii (Laporte and Gory, 1835) Most species reported here are typical taxa of the Palearctic Syn. Buprestis auduinii Laporte and Gory, 1835 region rather than those associated with the afro-tropical Buprestis theryi Abeille de Perrin, 1900 Region. Material Examined: Grdarasha, 36°04'46” N / 44°00'45” E, Subfamily Julodinae Lacordaire, 1857 425m, 2 Aug. 2017, 2 specimens. The larval host plant Genus: Julodis Eschscholtz, 1829, type species Buprestis unknown and adults collected directly by hand. fascicularis, Linnaeus, 1758 Julodis andreae (Olivier, 1790) General Distribution: Iran, Turkey (Kubáň and Volkovitsh Syn. Buprestis ampliata Marseul, 1865 Buprestis costifera Obenberger, 1919 2006; Ghahari et al. 2015), and in Iraq reported by (Holdhous Buprestis derasa Abeille de Perrin, 1904 1919; Al- Ali 1977; Bílý 1982; Ali 2007; Ali et al. 2011). Buprestis hampei J. Thomson, 1878 Julodis intricata L. Redtenbacher, 1843 Buprestis lineata Kerremans, 1886 Buprestis lineigera Marseul, 1865 Syn. Julodis cupreacaelata Marseul, 1865 Buprestis sovitzii Steven, 1830 Julodis ruginota Marseul, 1865 Buprestis subviolacea Abeille de Perrin, 1904 Buprestis tenuelineata Abeille de Perrin, 1904 Material Examined: Garawan-Rawanduz, 36°03'22” N / 44°36'16” E, 490m, 1 May 2016, 2 specimens. As well as a Material Examined: Debaga, 35°52'41” N / 43°39'16” E, specimen borrowed from the insect museum of the Ministry 365 m. 10 May 2016; Bn-Pirez, 36°10'15” N / 43°51'13” E, of Agriculture/ Erbil. The adult collected by hand on the wild 212 m. 4 specimens, 4 June 2017, directly by hand. The host quince Pyrus spp. plant is Acantholimon gulistanum (Plumbaginaceae) (Sakenin et al., 2008) and we collect the larval stage under General Distribution: Iran, Turkey, Syria, Israel (Bellamy, Cynodon dactylon. 2008; Kubáň et al., 2014), and in Iraq was reported by (Holdhous 1919; Derwesh 1965; Abdul-Rassoul et al. 1988) General Distribution: Iraq, Iran, Turkey, Syria, Azerbaijan, and Armenia (Bellamy, 2008; Kubáň and Volkovitsh, 2006). Julodis laevicostata Gory, 1840 Material Examined: Harir-Fatawa, 36°28'15” N / 44°22'53” Remarks: This species had a replacement name Buprestis E, 738m, 27 Apr. 2007, 2 specimens. Larval host plant stevensii E. Saunders, 1871, and also a homo name as unknown and the adult collected on Avena sativa. Buprestis setosa Steven, 1830, according to (Löbl and Löbl, General distribution: Iran, West Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan 2016), after checking the references of (Derwesh 1965; (Bellamy, 2008; Kubáň and Volkovitsh, 2006), and in Iraq Kaddou 1967; Roberts 1972; Khalaf and Al-Omar 1974; Ali reported by Obenberger (1926a). 2007) in Iraq, we face a controversy about the diagnosing of this species in which it has been incorrectly determined as Julodis speculifer Laporte, 1835 Julodis onopordi (Fabricius, 1787), J. onopordi andreae Syn. Julodis iranica Obenberger, 1923 Olivier, 1790 (British Museum list No. 2649, 3061), J. Julodis monstrosa Abeille de Perrin, 1904 onopordi ehrenbergi Castelnau, 1835; J. onopordi luteogramma Marseul, 1865; J. onopordi scovitzi Steven, Material Examined: Shaqlawa 36°26'08” N/44°16'05” E, 1830; J. onopordi steveni Saund, 1871, J. onopordi sulcata, 930m, 4 May 2017, 3 specimens. Larval host plant unknown Redtenbacher, 1843, J. onopordi pilson F. (subs. incorrect and adults were captured directly by hand. spelling). But during our survey we recorded the cutch grass, Cynodon dactylon as a host plant for the larval stage, which is General distribution: Iran, Jordan, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia the first record, so we are now positing that the entire previous name of the specimens collected by other Iraqi researchers (Bílý et al., 2011; Kubáň et al., 2014; Makhan, 2012), and was inaccurate and in Iraq, there is no Julodis onopordi. there are numerous authors who mentioned it in Iraq such as Julodis armeniaca (Marseul, 1865) (Holdhous 1919; Roubal 1932; Al- Uthman 1970; Abdul- Syn. Buprestis cyrus Obenberger, 1924 Rassoul 1976; Bilý 1990) Buprestis Orientalis Kerremans, 1899 2 Jalil and Ali/ Pakistan Entomologist 2020, 42(1):1-10 Julodis syriaca (A. G. Olivier, 1790) Transcaucasia, Turkmenistan, Turkey, and Iran as Syn. Buprestis syriaca A. G. Olivier, 1790 Acmaeodera pilosellae persica Mannerheim, 1837, Julodis balthasari Obenberger, 1934 Julodis loeffleri Mandl and Pochon, 1957 Remarks: This species is reported by Derwesh (1965) as Julodis philistina Obenberger, 1934 Acmaeodera araxicola Reitter, 1890 (British Museum No. 3462) which is actually a synonym for A. pilosellae persica. Material Examined: Korek Village, 36°15'51” N / 44°07'41” E, 634m, 2 Jul. 2017, 3 specimens. Larval host plant Acmaeoderella (Carininota) farinosa (Reiche, 1856) unknown, the adults were collected directly on the grass land. Syn. Acmaeodera farinosa Reiche, 1856 General distribution: Jordan, Syria, Iraq (Kubáň and Acmaeodera dermestoides Frivaldszky, 1845 Volkovitsh 2006; Ghahari et al. 2015). Acmaeodera lisae Bellamy, 1998 Remarks: this species has many sub-species Julodis syriaca Material Examined: Pirumar-Choman, 36°37'31” anatolica Kerremans, 1903, Julodis syriaca distincta Gory, N/44°52'55” E, 682m, 9 July 2007, 5 specimens. Larval host 1840, Julodis syriaca palmyrensis Obenberger, 1923, based plant is Quercus spp. and the adults collected directly by hand on the original description of Buprestis syriaca A. G. Olivier, on Ammi majus. 1790 (Löbl and Smetana 2006), and in Iraq this species has been reported under the name Julodis distincta Gory, 1840 by General distribution:
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