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Ankara Ili Buprestidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) Familyasi Üzerinde Sistematik Araştirmalar

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Ankara Ili Buprestidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) Familyasi Üzerinde Sistematik Araştirmalar ANKARA İLİ BUPRESTIDAE (INSECTA: COLEOPTERA) FAMİLYASI ÜZERİNDE SİSTEMATİK ARAŞTIRMALAR SYSTEMATIC RESEARCHES ON THE FAMILY BUPRESTIDAE (INSECTA: COLEOPTERA) IN ANKARA PROVINCE ALİ KEMAL KIRÇAKCI DOÇ. DR. MAHMUT KABALAK Tez Danışmanı Hacettepe Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim-Öğretim ve Sınav Yönetmeliğinin Biyoloji (Uygulamalı Biyoloji) Anabilim Dalı için Öngördüğü YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ olarak hazırlanmıştır. 2020 ÖZET ANKARA İLİ BUPRESTIDAE (INSECTA: COLEOPTERA) FAMİLYASI ÜZERİNDE SİSTEMATİK ARAŞTIRMALAR Ali Kemal KIRÇAKCI Yüksek Lisans, Biyoloji Bölümü Tez Danışmanı: Doç. Dr. Mahmut KABALAK Haziran 2020, 235 sayfa Bu çalışmada Ankara ili Buprestidae familyası üzerinde araştırmalar yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla, Mayıs-Ekim 2018’de 33 gün ve Nisan-Ekim 2019’da 36 gün olmak üzere toplam 69 gün arazi çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Arazi çalışmaları sonucunda toplam 995 örnek toplanmıştır. 5 altfamilya ve 14 cinse ait toplam 44 tür teşhis edilmiştir. Buprestinae 3 cinse ait 19 türle en fazla türe sahip altfamilyadır. Agrilinae altfamilyasından 4 cinse ait 11 tür, Polycestinae altfamilyasından 3 cinse ait 7 tür, Chrysochroinae altfamilyasından 3 cinse ait 6 tür, Julodinae altfamilyasından ise 1 cinse ait 1 tür tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen tüm türlerin ayrıntılı lokalite kayıtları, sinonimleri, Türkiye ve Dünya yayılışları verilmiştir. Bu çalışmada tespit edilen türler sistematik ve taksonomik, faunistik, ekolojik ve zoocoğrafik özellikler bakımından değerlendirilmiş ve tartışılmıştır. Sistematik ve taksonomik değerlendirmelerde, 44 türün genel morfolojisi tanımlanmış ve fotoğraflanmıştır. Erkek örnekleri olan 36 türün erkek genital organları ayrıntılı bir şekilde tanımlanmış, dorsal ve lateral olarak fotoğraflanmış ve çizilmiştir. Erkek genital organları, tespit edilen türler literatür ile karşılaştırılmış ve tartışılmıştır. Mevcut literatür incelendiğinde Capnodis carbonaria, Klug, 1829, Perotis cuprata (Klug, 1829), i Acmaeodera (s. str) flavolineata Laporte & Gory, 1835, Acmaeoderella (Euacmaeoderella) villosula Steven, 1830, A. (Euacmaeoderella) gibbulosa (Ménétriés, 1832) ve Anthaxia (Cratomerus) eugeniae Ganglbauer, 1885 türlerinin erkek genital organlarına ait detaylı bilgi ve çizim bulunamamıştır. Bu çalışmada, bu türlerin erkek genital organlarının detaylı tanımlamaları, dorsal ve lateral fotoğraf ve çizimleri ilk kez birlikte verilmiştir. Faunistik değerlendirmeler ve tartışmalarda; tür sayıları ve bu türlerin cinslere, altfamilyalara ve Ankara’nın ilçelerine göre dağılımları verilmiştir. Bu ilçeler arasındaki fauna benzerlikleri Baroni-Urbani Buser benzerlik indeksi, tür çeşitlilikleri Brillouin çeşitlilik indeksi kullanılarak karşılaştırılmıştır. Karşılaştırmalar sonucunda Beypazarı’nın en yüksek tür çeşitliliğine sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Ekolojik değerlendirmelerde birey sayıları, toplanma ayları, toplanma yükseklikleri ve toplanma lokalitelerinin hava sıcaklık aralıkları belirlenmiş ve Brillouin çeşitlilik indeksi kullanılarak tür çeşitliliği açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Bu değerlendirmeler sonucunda, toplanma ayı olarak Haziran, toplanma yükseklik aralığı olarak 901-1100 m ve toplanma sıcaklık aralığı olarak 30,1-32,5°C’de tür çeşitliliğinin daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Zoocoğrafik değerlendirmelerde Ankara Buprestidae faunası ile Türkiye’nin coğrafik bölgeleri ve Palaearktik bölgenin alt bölgeleri arasındaki ilişki karşılaştırılmıştır. Karşılaştırma sonucunda Ankara Buprestidae faunası ile en fazla yakınlık gösteren alt bölgenin Doğu Avrupa olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Buprestidae, Ankara, Sistematik ve taksonomik değerlendirmeler, Faunistik değerlendirmeler, Ekolojik değerlendirmeler, Zoocoğrafik değerlendirmeler. ii ABSTRACT SYSTEMATIC RESEARCHES ON THE FAMILY BUPRESTIDAE (INSECTA: COLEOPTERA) IN ANKARA PROVINCE Ali Kemal KIRÇAKCI Master of thesis, Department of Biology Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mahmut KABALAK June 2020, 235 pages In this study, researches were carried out on the family Buprestidae in Ankara province. For this purpose, a total of 69 days of field studies were conducted, 33 days in May-October 2018 and 36 days in April-October 2019. As a result of the field studies, totally 995 specimens were collected. Totally 44 species belonging to 5 subfamilies and 14 genera were identified. Buprestinae is the subfamily with the most species with 19 species belonging to 3 genera. 11 species belonging to 4 genera from Agrilinae subfamily, 7 species belonging to 3 genera from Polycestinae subfamily, 6 species belonging to 3 genera from Chrysochroinae subfamily and 1 species belonging to 1 genus from Julodinae subfamily were determined. Detailed locality records, synonyms, Turkey and the World distributions of all identified species are given. The species identified in this study were evaluated and discussed in terms of systematic and taxonomic, faunistic, ecological and zoogeographical aspects. In systematic and taxonomic evaluations, the general morphology of 44 species were described and photographed. Male genital organs of 36 species, which have male samples, were described in detail, photographed and drawn dorsally and laterally. The male genital organs were compared and iii discussed with the detected species and literature. When the present literature is examined, detailed describing and drawing of male genital organs of Capnodis carbonaria, Klug, 1829, Perotis cuprata (Klug, 1829), Acmaeodera (s. str) flavolineata Laporte & Gory, 1835, Acmaeoderella (Euacmaeoderella) villosula Steven, 1830, A. (Euacmaeoderella) gibbulosa (Ménétriés, 1832) and Anthaxia (Cratomerus) eugeniae Ganglbauer, 1885 species could not be found. In this study, detailed descriptions, dorsal and lateral photographs and drawings of male genital organs of these species were given together for the first time. In faunistic evaluations and discussions; number of species and their distributions according to the genus, subfamilies and counties of Ankara are given. Fauna similarities between these counties were compared using Baroni-Urbani Buser similarity index, species diversities using Brillouin diversity index. As a result of the comparisons, it was seem that the Beypazarı has the highest species diversity. In ecological evaluations, number of specimens, collecting months, collecting altitudes and air temperatures of collecting locaties were determined and evaluated in terms of species diversity using the Brillouin diversity index. As a result of these evaluations, June as collecting month, 901-1100 m as collecting altitude interval and 30,1-32,5°C collecting temperature interval were detected with higher species diversities than rest. In zoogeographical evaluations, the relationship between Ankara Buprestidae fauna geographical regions of Turkey and sub-regions of Palearctic region were compared. As a result of the comparison, it was determined that the sub-region that showed the most affinity with Ankara Buprestidae fauna is Eastern Europe. Keywords: Buprestidae, Ankara, Systematic and taxonomic evaluations, Faunistic evaluations, Ecological evaluations, Zoogeographical evaluations. iv TEŞEKKÜR Lisansüstü eğitimim boyunca bilgi ve tecrübelerini benimle paylaşan, bu alanda ilerlemem için teşvik eden, elinden gelen maddi ve manevi yardımı sağlamaya çalışan, bilimsel çalışma disiplini ile örnek olan değerli danışmanım ve sevgili hocam Doç. Dr. Mahmut KABALAK’a, lisansüstü eğitimimde benimle deneyimlerini paylaşan ve her türlü yardımı sağlamaya çalışan, değerli hocam Prof. Dr. Osman SERT’e, tezin hazırlanma sürecindeki yardımlarından ve lisans ve lisansüstü öğrenimimdeki katkılarından dolayı çok sevdiğim hocalarım Dr. Yavuz TURAN, Araş. Gör. Dr. Burcu ŞABANOĞLU ve Araş. Gör. Dr. Senem ÖZDEMİR’e, beni her gördüğünden güler yüzle karşılayıp halimi hatırımı soran ve desteğini hep hissettiğim sevgili hocam Prof. Dr. Nevin KESKİN’e, hem lisans hem de yüksek lisans dönemim boyunca ne zaman yanına gitsem bana kapısını açan, hiç sıkılmadan ve yargılamadan beni dinleyip bana yol gösteren, özellikle lisans dönemindeki başarımda çok büyük katkısı bulunan çok sevdiğim hocam Öğr. Gör. Remma GÜLSOY’a, Gerek arazi ve laboratuvar çalışmalarında gerek de zorlu geçen tez döneminde her türlü yardım ve destekleri ile iş yükümü azaltan ekip arkadaşlarım Hilal Deniz EŞER, Müge ÖZDEMİR ve bunların dışında en zor dönemimde bana evini açan Muhammed Arif DEMİR’e, özellikle tez döneminde moral ve motivasyon olarak desteklerini eksik etmeyen Nazlı MAYDA ve Ecenur ATASAYAR’a, arazi çalışmalarındaki yardımlarından dolayı arkadaşlarım Sezay ONBAŞI, Erhan TEKTAŞ, Berk Can TOSUN, Mert EREN ve Asaf GİRİCİ’ye, çalışmam boyunca manevi açıdan beni yalnız bırakmayan ve desteklerini eksik etmeyen arkadaşlarım Zeynel Can ÖNAL, Cansu ÜLGEN, Merve SAYIN, Cihan Anıl BENLİ, Serhat ERTUĞRUL ve Sevilay KARAGÜL’e, Örneklerimin bir kısmının teşhislerini kontrol eden, yayınlamış oldukları makaleleri benimle paylaşan ve sorularımı cevapsız bırakmayan Dr. Mark Volkovitsh ve Dr. Manfred Niehuis’e, Tezin değerlendirilmesi sürecinde değerli görüş ve fikirleri ile katkı sağlayan saygıdeğer jüri başkanı ve üyelerine, Hayatım boyunca en zor günlerimde bile yanımda olan, eğitim hayatım boyunca verdiğim kararlarda beni hep destekleyen, maddi ve manevi olarak her zaman yanımda olan aileme, Bu çalışmayı FBA-2018-16318 no’lu “Ankara İli Buprestidae, Coccinellidae, Meloidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) Familyaları Üzerinde Araştırmalar” isimli proje ile destekleyen Hacettepe Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırmalar Birimine, Teşekkürü bir borç bilirim. v İÇİNDEKİLER ÖZET .....................................................................................................................................
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