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Digitized from Box 23 of the John Marsh Files Washington Post - 4/12/75 at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library
Rowland Evans and Robert Novak Zarb Makes His Mark on the Hill
II\ consecutive breakfast meetings December, Zarb decided on 30-year-old appointed other deputy, the popular Tllesday morning at the White House computer exPert Zausner as one of his John Hill, who has been enti'IY chief and on capitol Hill, FederaJ. :Energy two deputies. But Zausner at FEA AdJBinstrator Frank Zarb won a blood at the Office of Managenaeat ud has taken stands ruggedly independent Budget. Zausner would be confined to lela victory in a battle of wills with of big oil. Thus, the muscular oil lobby !laJ'dboUed Western Republican sena· FEA' / inner sanctum where, aaid immediatley plotted a campafin to Za , his co01puter expertise is deaper. tors which reinfprces his stature as a block his nQmination. risiDJ force in a fading administraton. ely needed. Furthermore, Zarb diplo The oil lobbyists quickly won allie matically lectured the senators about At '1:20 a.m., Zal'lb breakfasted in among senators offended by Zaus s seeming tl> be a oat's paw for the oil the west wing of the White House with brash manner. Soon, however, e is lobby's campaign against ZauSIU!r. Sen. James McClure of Idaho. A half sue became a symbolic stand or con Grudging agreement was thus ob hour later, they drove up Pennsylvania servative Westerners dema ing some Anllue Jto. join Sens. Paul Fannin of tained. l}yt the oil lobby hq not ad thing from a President t y view as in mitted tl.l!lf'eat. It hopes liberal Eastern Arlaona, Clifford Hansen of Wyoming different to their wis s. Zarb, insist senators, anti-~usner because he sup ancl Dewey Bartlett of Oklahoma in the ing he needed Zaus r, refused to give Senate Dining Room. The upshot: All up. ports higher oil import levies, will still four quietly dropped their lethal oppo oppose him. The lobby also hopea to sitioa to Eric R. Zausner as a Zarb With controv sy heating, the White block clearance by the RepubiJcaa deputy at the Federal !Energy ·Adminis House reacte in a way that may ex state c~airman of New Jersq, Zaua tration (FEA). For months, President plain iMr. ord's worsening political ner's home state. . Ford has been sitting on the proposed difficultie . The President neither jet· tisoned ausner nor tried to salvage However, the toughest hurdle was J¥11Dination to see how the wind wo ld cleared Tuesday mQrning. A~ underly blow. him. ile White House Chief of Staff ing reason may be the nominalon1 of The resolution of a seemingly r · Don d Rumsfeld declined to lobby the conservative Westel"D RepubllCID, for tine dispute is in fact a matter of i · hil for Zausner, Zarb was given free mer Gov. Stanley Hathaway of Wyo pon.nce. :First, controversy over Zau · r n to do what he could. '!bat boiled ming, to replace Morton at Interior. ner had lingered so long that he ha own to this remarkable presidential That placated the Western senators to symbolize fierce disconten position: If you can talk the senators come into going· along, Frank, I'll baek you and aiso gave them a hard fight ahead with the Ford White House by Weat up. -winnlni Hathaway's contested con em conservatives. Second, Mr. Ford firmation ·battle-for which they will and his aides had charactertatlcaily · Zarb sought help from Interior Sec· need all their resources. But that alone washed their hands of Zausner, leav~ retary Rogers Morton, still in nomi could not have saved Zausner had it IDg hU fate with Zarb. nal overall charge of energy pollcy, not been far Zarb. Thua, winning agreement for Zaus and Treasury Secretary William Sl· ''Frank spent a lot of blue chtpa on ner fa a formidable accomplishment by mon, who keeps a finger in the energy this one," Sen. McClure told us. But Zarb which confirms him, far more pie. Nothing doing. The Interior and how did he get those blue chiPif By than his three predecessors, as energy Treuuty Departments were not inter taking principled stands on energy czar In fact as well as headline fancy. ested. policy, by refusing to swallow cosme Though less publicized and telJ!vised Swimming alone. Zarb found the tic schemes that would fail to conserve than John Love, William Simon or current rough. Zausner was atven up energy and by. being courteous and at John Sawhill, Zarb-a 40-year-old New for \fead by just about everybody--e:J.• tentive to Capitol Hill. Fitting into that York investment banker with little cept Zarb. He kept plugging away in pattern is Zarb's refus.al to abandon a governmental and no political eqeri meetinaa with aenators, cll.mued by ~ted, valuable aide merely because eoee--hu exceeded them in qUietly Tuetday morning's back·to-bau break he was under attack by a powerful making his mark on capitol Hill. As fasts. lobby, which might be an object lesson ..m, he is a Ford administraUGa nritJ. Zarb told the senators that tbey for the White Hp,use • Soon after succeeding Sawhill last would deal Personally with his Jl,eWly e 197D, J'leld Bn(erprJaea, 'Inc. Washington Post - 4/12/75
George F. Will The Day Our Nation Began P.-baps there would have been less blnory-~king confusion on Lexington green that momlng 200 years ago Aprl119, 177~it everyone had spent a more restful night. But the 700 Red~ coats had been marehlng from Boston since midnight, and the colonists' sleep ·had •been disturbed by· that silversmith who had spread ~ tbrOugb every Midltlesex \lillage and farm. No one knows who shot first at Lex inJteo, but Major Pitcairn's Redcoats shot '&lest. '!be colOillsts wounded Pit cairn's horse. The Redcoats 1dllec:t eight colQIIists, and advanced on to Concord. At Concord the British spoiled some flour, damaged three iron gu01, cut dcnm a Liberty pole, and fought a stir· miab at ~ rude bridge that arched the flood. The British. had to conduct a fight inl retreat. When the last Redcoat straggled back into Boston, be carried with him the last remnant of British rule in New England. An armed ·conflict had become inevi· table by spring 1775: too many people had talked themselves into a corner, too many troops were under arms. But an arduous eight-year rebellion was not inevitable. If the Minutemen bad not stood and fought at Concord's North Bridge, and had 'not pursued the Redcoats •back to An old print of tbe Battle of Conocrnl Boston, the leaders of colonial re- bellion would have , sadly, a piece of ground for the site of tried to tax the populus enough to pay that the American atom· :vr~orlco.nfclrrrtist chapel." for the war honestly. ach for opposing King George III tried to solve his Thus a hardheaded South Carolinian Aetually, the col•oni•al manpowe.r p,roblems by hiring German who visited Williamsburg on the eve of poUUcally active c1a~ss--we mercenaries-the Hessians. It was a war and heard a lot of ·blazing rhetoric dent for rebellion than fateful blun~r. The comportment of said that this was the most eloquent public. When the fighting , the ;Hessians did more than Locke'& speech he heard: "I owill rais,e one 2:i per cent of the colonistsb'l:f'ilr('tl re Second Treaties to turn colonists thou.sand men towards the relief of belUon, 25 per cent were loY,allsta, and against the House of Hanover. Boston, and subsist them at my own 50 per cent just said, "Oh, damn!" expense." The plainspealdng gentleman Opinion also was divided in England, The rebellious governments bad was Col. George Washington. their own problems raising an army. u t'eported •by historian George Otto Say what you wpl about the Ameri· Trenlyan: Among the colonies' 700,000 white males ·between 18 and 60, the "troops," cans' rage for independence, that inde "The American war, from the outset including militia, numbered 90,000- pendence was won by a small nucleus to the finish, was an open question in balf of whom had no we11pons. of virtually unpaid, sometimes unshod Enllilh society. A general or colonel, soldiers. They were bitterly resented who llad refused to take a command The will to wage war, and hence the •by many American farmers, who pre agaiut the colonists, lived comlortsbly general passion for independence, can ferred to sell their produee to the Brit and pleasantly with his countcy neiih· be gauged ~Y the fact that the Conti· ish in exchange for real money. The bora. The stroag Tory politiciana nental Congress paid its soldiers with tiny fi&bting minority was held to among them might grumble against bogus money that quickly depreciated gether by one of those mysterie. of him as fanciful or 4ctious; but much to 1 per cent of face value. The·rebel history-the character of a great man harder thlDgs woulc:t have been said lioua lqialatures would b'ave kllled the -who was to be the first President ol about him if he had shot foxes, or war stoae dead in a month if they had the independent nation. Washington Post - 4/13/75
·Rowland Evans and Robert Novak Kissinger and Jackson: The Feud Goes On A private letter demanding major poutlclan "N:o WA¥ abe can turn down reassessment of U.S. policy toward • the best fundrallu in the Re"1llican Iran because of the Shah's new aaree No sooner did South VietnaDleste ar Puty." ment with Iraq marks another eteala mies retreat in panic than Comm.;.at A footnote: While Reagan infiltrate• tion in the bitter feud betweea Secre authorities ordered the death of local the Ford-
I Jack Anderson The Power to Prosecute·~·:~ : And Its Abuse The power to prosecute, which above ell other government processes should to the direction of Justice Department "The suppressed study dklares bluntly that attomeya who serve at the President'• be free of pojltica, has been abused by pleasure." • a succession Of attorneys general. , The disturbing habit of putting poUt· the Justice De~rtmem 'nus been vulnerable Yet the appointment of special pros ical expediency ahead of legal impar ecutors hasn't assured imparu.l prose tiality, moreover, has become more t~ political abuse and 11Ulnipulatron.'" cution. Prior to Watergate, speelal pronounced in the past 35 years. prosecutors were appointed ''W inveSti gate alJe.gations of tnalfeasanct apJ.ut These are the findings of a House the Executive Branch" in three In .Judiciary Committee study, wb.lch has stances-the Whiskey Ring, 'fttapot trte.t the h1ltory of the Justice De- form "effective ovenight • • • (of) im- the Justice Department was organized Dome and the Truman tax scandals. 1 ~nt back to the beginning. proper political pressures applied to in 1870. For the previous 100 years; the deed, the llndlngs are so embarr mg the department." Just as President Nixon fired his attorney general bad only a small first special prosecutor, Presidents that the study has now sup- IronicaHy, the study was supposed to staff. Grant and Truman "fired their spe preaed. be a starting point for just such an Mter 1870; "many attorneyS general cial proseciltors when the direction However, we have ob eel a boot- oversight investigaUoq. House Judici- appeared to take a di.flferent view of and nature of the investigation .proved let copy, which was a eady in page ary sWf members, General Account- their obligations. (They) appeared to politically embarrassing . . • In the prootl before .Judiciary an Pe- ing Office investigators and Library of see their ultimate responsibij\ty as be eyes of the presidents who appolafed ter Rodino CD-N.J.) orde;red;Jiltt~Wl;;n:if_;_-t~;;;;~research speeialista were ,as. 1 ing of service to the political needs of them, the special prosecutors ~ntln· held. A spokesman for Rodino said the signed to the! lll''O:h!'~~ the White House." ued to act under presidential IUJ)ervi. stu~ was "only a be&tnninl • • · a lot 'l'bey have completed at leas Presidents also began to choose at· siori." more bad to be done. The subJect mat- ports. One t. entitled "Politics and the torneys general ''who were more dis Despite the obvious need for iDde tel' has b~ broadened," he aaid, "but Administration of Ju.stice." The other t "shed for their past involvements pendent investtgationa of eueutive tbe blquiry will continue." analyzes what's wrong with the Justice in pol than for their eminence m misdeeds. past scandals completely The suppreued study declares Departnient'a antitrust division. The the legal pro ion." "failed to briJ11 about enac-ot of. blutly that the Justice Department research has already cost the taxpay- Of the 40 at eys general who laws'' divoro.ing tbt s~l proeeeutors ''baa been vulnerable to political abuse ers an estimated $6(),000. have served since 0, the report from the executives they, were aup and manipulation." Here a,re some of Yet the publication of both reports identified only seven w could be posed to proifecute. tht 'WOrst abuses: has been blocked. By publishing the "classified as men of solely almost When the lid ~lew off Wateraate; • 'l'here is an "absence of guidelines highlights, we may now be able to ~lely legal experience or distinc · n." therefcue, ·~an implicated Executive and •onitoring proced.urel regulating force them into the open. The department has become m e BrancH retained the responsiblltty to • • • political offictals, starting at the A 1y Presid t A dre J ~ politicized since 1940. During the pas inveatigate and prosecute any wrong. top with the •President," who seek "to 1 ear as en n w ac~- son's administration, the first report 35 years, the study found that ..11 of · 1!oi~ that might have been perp4. iil11 ce Oepu-tment of Juatlce decl- notes, the attomey general was sub- the 14 men who aerved as attOrne,vs uated." at aldnJ." general served either as managers; ad· "It is ~onic," concludes the report, • The Justice Department lacks Jected to White House pressure. Seek· visers, aides or campaign surrogates ''that the integrity of the agency "safii\W"dd= to prevent its intelligence- ing legal justification for dePositing prior to becoming the nation's chief charged with enforcing the law, the ptlaering activitiea from being manip- government fundi in certain banks, law enforcement officer." Depai'tment of Justice, continues to be alated to aerve political purposes." Jackson told hi8 attorney general Worse, many of them "allowed pollti· vulnerable ·to the very forms of politt· • The department "must prosecute bluntly: "Sir, you must find a law au- cal considerations tci sbape their deci cal pressure that have weakened it iii Yiolationa ot law," yet at the same time thorizing the act, or I will appoint an sions," charges the report. "The casual the past." serve "an administration sensitive to attorney 4eneral who will" ties have been those who were prose By refusing to publish the study, the the political consequences of a v:lior- "Nevertheless," declares the study, cuted on nonlegal grounds." House Judiciary Committee offers lit ous prosecution." "the most er11inent of the early attor- Citing the Watergate investigation, tle hope that the abusea will lbe p,e • Regulations are Jacking "to pre- neys general conceived of themselves the study warns that such · probes, v~ in the futare. The public can vent blih ~tice Department officials foremost as law oHlcers, with legal "whether involvinl violation of eam restore integrity to the judicial proc from using their ~ 11 bases w duties t.b&t were not compromised by paiga law or wroqdofni b)' persons esses, of course. b7 vQUng a&alna~ th~ political ~tlvtt.7."' nonjudicial conJiderettons." of the Executive Branch, are vulner• lawmakers who obltnlct reforms. • Coilireaa lull allo failed to per- Tbla noble concept cllanged when ble te llOJDpromlllnl preaurea 1f left ___' VIIIMII ...... 8nlclioaM. ~ . Washington Post, Monday. April 14. 1975 ,. IRockefeller, Not Butz, to Attend Chiang Rites
U.S. deleptloa that wlll attelld CJdanc lnelada, from left, VIce Presltleat ltoeke Kal-sbek's hmeral In Taiwan 'Wellbesday feller and 8enL Goldwater anc! FODJ'. Washington Post 4/14/75
Rowland Evans and Robert Novak Detente and 'Troubled "'T aters' The llysee Palace bas passed the Communists-underscore a key phrase word that President Valery Giscard "President Ford's toughest job is t find ways in Mr. Ford's distended speech to Con d'Estaing may break French policy of gress last Thursday night. the last decade by attending a NA~O for the United Suites to escape furtli r "As long as I'm President," he said, su~it aeeting late in May, a surprls· "we will not permit detente to become ing 'Jilelitge indicating European alarla a license to fish in troubled water•." at the lllddenly fallen fortunes of the defeats within the sa1ne detente frame Those words reflect both the . hard· UDlted States. line policy of Secretary of State Henry No l'rencb President has ever at Kissinger and the specific recommen tended a North Atlantic Treaty Or&an dation; made directlt to the Oval Of· ization (NATO) summit since the of Portugal to "IO slow" in seizing to cymater - and result i angry anti· flee on several occasions in the pat 10 French pulled out of the Alliance's tal power in Lisbon. Soviet sentiment. That co ld shatter days, of Secretary of Defense James Schlesinger. The warning, bowwH, mdltary structure in 1966. The bare That directive was ifven to the sec detente, which the Kremlin efinitely possibility that Giscard himself m~~:y did not have to be made by the Fred· ond 'ranking Portuguese Communist does not want to happen. dent for Soviet leaders to get the indeed go to Brussels for the wmDUt Party offipial on his recent visit to meeting that President Ford is now Having poured arms and m itions point. Moscow to discuss the rapid and aston· into Hanoi, the Soviet Union ha for tryin& to put together was privately ishing success of the party in its gras·p Even in the Middle East, Moteow i& raised with the U.S. embassy in Paris. feited control over th ev ts playing a "cool and quiet" game, ac· for control of the Western anchor of in Vietnam. But it is not witho m If lle does attend, it will signal no NA'l'O. cording to one presidential ~iser. portant political and financial re The Soviets are working cloeely With change in French policy toward U.S. officials desperately trying to sources to slow down the Communist NATO; nor will Giscard be a particu radical Palestinians to avoid border at grasp the full impact of the worst for takeover in Portugal.· , tacks against Israel that might set off larly ,ager 'participant. Rather, the de eign policy defeat in this natiOn's ·his There is, moreover, another explana cllioa to attend would display one another !Arab-Israeli war...... -d a su tory are sure of nothing at this early tion for a Soviet go-slow order to its per-power confrontation.. thtlll.g: rising French concern, shared stage, but a consensus is beginning to confederates in Portugal1 Moscow des· all over Western Europe, that the ca develop along these lines: These covert Soviet moves point in perately wants an all-European summit only one direction: Detente as a Soviet tastrophe of Amerieail policy in South The Kremlin was probably shocked meeting later this year that would fOr· policy is servin' Sovie~ interests far east Asia coupled with Soviet advances as much as the Ford administration by mally recognize Soviet ifegemony over requires a solid show of Western unity. too well to risk anything approaching the wholly unexpected withdrawal and its European empire. If Portugal slips a direct faee-odown with the· United There is also reaction in Moscow. So subsequent collapse of the South VIet· inside the Communist orbit, the Krem States. President Ford's toughest job shattering and sudden is the U.S. deba namese army. With thousands of lin can forget all about any such sum ·now is to find ways for the United cle in Vietnam and Cam~clia that pol Americans still in Saigon and Phnom mit conference. States to escape ful'ther defeats within icymakers here detect minute though Penh as potential victims of Asian These first political developments the same detente framework-a prob signilicant polic~ changes inside the fury, Moscow is fearful tllat mass kill~ from the debacle of Vietnam-a lem of statesmanahip harder than any Kremlin to protect the u.s .. Soviet de ings could arouse violent reactiont in French concession to President Ford's President has taced since World War tente. The first change: an order from the United States - "arouse the slum call for a Western summit and Mos· u. the Kremlin to the Communist Party beriq ·beast," in the words of one poll- cow's effort to restrain the Portuguese c 19'711. Pllld &llte1'011Ma. IDe.
.. • Washington Post - 4/14/75
t 11 the commillion over this proposed ebange. The collllDis sion's spokesman said the pro posed shift could involve dis Sen ice Agency's Hiring placement of present employ ees, but that none has been displaced thus far. The commission's report also says, "Most (ACTION) su ~Held to Violate Rules Pervisors and managers are not carrying out their respon- siblities with respect to em Douglas Watson Civil Servfce Commission page, "For U.S. Govel'1UDellt ployeement, ~otnition~ounseling, and evelop. ~ I lai~~Pon Polt Bt•f! writer Istandards." ' ·Use Only." tion classification." t p onnel practices at ·AC- Joseph 'F. Bass Jr., president ACTION officials on Priday Bourbon denied the allega. en of an ACTION employee un· said the report's charges ti()n, saying ACTION officials ltriOJI. the federal voluntary ion, charged that many of the Ieither were wrong at the are continually focuafM on 11ervice agency that Includes job reclassifications were not time of the commission's 1973- those area. "I think there's ~he .Peace Corps and Vi:sta, required by the commission 74 review or changes have been vast improvemM" he IJ:tave _been criticized by Civil and have been unfairly initi· been made since then. "We've said. IServJee Commission investiga- ated by ACTION. Bass said tightened up in every re- Bus, head of LocaJ 2027 ors:·' there have been 90 job down- spect," said Philip Bourbon, of tbe American FedeJ:la'ion of "There ia· little assuranee gradings. ACTION's perS()nnel director... i\-IState, County and MUnicipal ~hat promotions are made on a In January, 86 present and Volunteer service prograJIIs E~-~es, told the House !tnerit basis or· that the agency former ACTION ..employees operated by ACTION .i tude aubcoauttee. that ACTION!a ''is staffed with the best quali- charged in a petition to the the Peace Corps, VIS , the YeM"-Oid off1ce of polleJ and !ned talent available," says a commission that . since AC!- National Student olunteer planning is an example "of JConfidential commissssion re- TIO~'s creation in 1971 van· Program, the Serv· e Cor~ of how ACTION ha~ . used the ~rt on ACTION. • ous illegal methods have been Retired Execut· es (SCOH), tetbnique_ of layermg and re- The report was completed in used to favor those employees Active Corps of Executlvea organization to systematicallr October but was not made considered friendly t.o . the (ACE), Fo er Grandparet~t subvert" personnel merit sy• publie by the commission or Ford and Nixo~ adrmmstra- program nd Retired Senior tems. by AcriON. The report was tions and to discharge and Volunte Program ·cRSVPY. Bass charged that ACTION fel6aaed last week by Rep. harass employees considered Be Bes 150,500 voluntera, office has been used "to Ill John E. Moss (D.Calif.), who .unfriendly. , AC ON has more than 700 stallialch·salaried cronies and has been probing civil service The employees petition al· f -time employees in its poUtieally favored individ- PN.ttices. leging "widespread discrimina- eadquarters here, about 4(}() 11ala". at the expense of other • · ACTION of fre- tion on the basis of political employees elsewhere in the employees. · I_n :-cl_l~ng1 · g civil service Iaffiliation and beliefs" w nation and more than 500 em- Balzano maintained tn his Cl!•n Y orm irin and ro- submitted t~ee months af r ployees spread amonc 69 House testimony "that the ma ~atio~ for._h . g 1 ,8 Pre- the commiss10n's 16-pag ~e- foreign countries, Bourboa jority of our ,employees have JIU)tlon, t e commlss on3 port was co pleted but h1le said. accept~d. even welcomed, tbe port aays,tsevet? of theh~ h(jobe) it was stil publicly undis- Noting·· that part of AC- changes we have made" bl pblcemen ac 1qns w lc w l 08ed Th mmis ton has · · 1 N --•--tt t8¥fewe(l were in violation of c • e co. . TION's «:lmJ)loyees are m a ·• ACT 0 'S org_.._ on. · 1 i · 1f ements " not taken Selph ry _action eign service personnel system ecfmm ss on req lr . . against any CTI l offlcials. and part are in the civil serv- 'l'he 1~-pa~ report als~ .When t~e e . _loye?s sub- ice system, the commission's ManY of. the agen m1tted thel.l' ttt10n lD Jan- report says "The foreilft serv- '
WASHINGTON
April 14, 1975
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Jack, the wording of the refugee movement sentence is accurate, so the NSC advises me, only to the extent that the refugees did not permit themselves to either be overt en by the Communists by remaining in pla e,.. "\ nor did they move to the rear to be a sorbed by the Communist advance more r idly. The refugees sought rather, to keep oving ahead of the Communist advance, ther. by remaining in a continuously endangered 1tuation, and sought to do whatever they uld to keep from falling into Communist ha
Rus~
• Washington Post- 4/5/75 (J_ i~ ~ --~---~~-~-~--~-·· -·~· - : . :,r,;V~~ 71 Rowland Evans and Robert Novak Why the Vietnamese Collapsed
The ~llapse in South Vietna~p, so «umrlng and unexpected in both "Military withdrawal without prior planning was ,3Mblngton and Hanoi, can be traced o diiUlrous interac\ion between Pres unlikely to succeed. What doomed it was the flood ~ent Nguyen Van Thiea's personali· _,., - authoritarian, stuoborn but im· ;lidsive-with new milltary conditions. of civilian refugees which began immediately." For the White House to cast all .blame on congressional reduction ol '·. ~itary sid is prepagandi!Kic overkill, tnvately admitted as such by expert Riohard M. Nixon was in the White Emboldened by Phuoc 'nh, Hanoi *~ministration analysts. Even ·farther House no matter what Congrea p~ last month struck at B Me Thuot. from the truth ~are American do~es, hilbited. The secondary equaliler: IU Loss of that remote p incial qpital dancing on South Vietnam's grave and in the Central Highl ds, whl~nim· perior firepower and mobilicy supplied Proclaiming "ineurgent'' victdry in a portant. strategical , may rival Dien "civil war" as proof of tbeir own reed the ARVN .by Washington. Tbose Bien Pbu as se nal battles of Indo tude. equalizers became even more vital china because of its impact on the But the refugees made reslltalk!e after Saigorl was forced to sign the mind of Ng n Van Thieu. impossible, spread panic and deiP'air Undeniable demoralization caused January 19'13 cease-fire that prpvided and perhaps unwittiDgly ensurtld Com by diminished U.S. support cannot in no enforcement of Communist com· The A division, a notoriously munist victory. The crack 1st ARVN itself explain units of the South Viet: pllance. weak u · inexplicably unprepared for divilion, which fought valiantly in ~mese Army (ARVN) dissolving with· the a ult, was cut to shreds. More Communist capture thr months. many battles, is no more--disperaec:l •ut flriPI. a sbot, 'nor can .thls be impo nt than the division's loss was ignomlniously without belni deleatod. -x:attonallzed as a Communist .poUUcal ago of Phuoc Blob, then onl the sec· ina lity to reinforce Ban Me Tbuot, triumph. Aetually, fear of conununism ond provincial capltal to fa in the Much of ttJ.e elite marine dlvilion to the sbortage of C-130 trans has suffered a similar fate. ~ produce panic that turned seconcl Indochinese war, exp d dis rt planes. That dramatized for Thieu The tragedy in South Vietnam can ftllea's attempts to cope with reduced integration of the two equ~i ers - the dissolution of the secondary equal a transcendent development d u 1 y not be compared to the diatntetratioo .uttary means into tr&Jectv. izer, leading bim to ·his fateful decision of Chiang Kai-shek's irmy a itnera· : ~erstanding of the collapse must noted in both Hanoi and Saigon. anoi to abandon the Central Highlands. belln with this bedrock reallty: not ologists here believe the absen e ti9n qo. Unlike China in 1948, there even in their most euphoric stage have U.S. reacUon to Phuoc Binh's ll No military operation is more ~ is neither mallive defection to Hanoi of government troops nor joyous wei· old VJttnam hands ever felt the ARVN finally convinced the Politburo hat ficult and hazardous than a retrograde American bombers would menace the movement-withdrawal under enemy comes to the conquerors by bapoy could match tbe blend of discipline villqera. Rather, the inevitablltcy of and fanaticism instilled intn North North no longer. That battle also pressure. Yet this retreat was ordered Vietnamese troops by a pollee state. brought home to Saigon the contrast without any planning by the high Hanoi'a fierce lellollS, firm1J backed Alainst the world's finest infantry· between North Vietnamese regulars, command. by their allie1, triumphing over Sal· men, Saigon has had two equalizers splendidly suppJ!ed by Moscow and It was here that Tbieu's stubborn· gon•a less apart&n fonles, slowly Jban· pllt primary Peking,- and the ARVN with no new ness had tragic consequences. Under doned by their great ally, has been the decade. The equali groteequely accelerated by the strange zer: the threat of U.S. bombers de equipment or spare parts received standably bitter over reduced U.S. this fiscal · year thanks to congreaa a,ld, be did not consult Washinaton. conduct ec Preeldent Tbleu, so marked vastating the Noi'tb Vietnamese ho.me by haste and aager. land, viewed with apprebeDllion by ional cuts (wldeh limited U.S. aid to •ithout warning or planning, Tbieu the Politburo in Hanoi so long as fuel and ammunition). ordered u11Prepared generals to mov.e 1!171. ,.eld llllterwltll, lAc. Washington Post - 4/15/75
Chief Aide To Nessen Is Selected
William r. Gr,~ener Jr., who has had wide experi81iee as a government informatloD offi· cer, is being move4 to the White House as cheif deputy to press secretary Ron Ness~n. An lllnouncement of Green er's ...,ointment and of the cleparture of Louis M. Thomp son, a former Army major Ne~n had named to reorgan ize the otfice, is expected shortly. Greener is a former associ ate of Donald Rumsfeld, White House staff chief, and there were indications he was Rumllfeld's choice to try to strenethen the .~mbatUed pre'Ss office operation.. A retired Air Force lieuten· ant colonel, Greener was press officer for the Cost of Living Council when Rums~lcl was director. Later, Greener was press of• ficer at the Departmeilt ef Housing and Urban Develop. ment when James T. Lynn wa aeeretary. When LYDD r-:- . cently became director of the Office of ManagemeDt and Budget, he took Greener with him as his cheif sopkesmaa. Nessen yesterday announced a full schedule of public ap pearances this week for Presi· dent Ford. He will address the annual :meeting of the Daugh· ten of the A~rican Revolu tion h~re this morning, Tonilbt the President will speak at a House-Senate Re publican fund-raising .,dinner. Oq Wfdnesday, he wilt speak a~d answer· questions at a luncheon meeting here of the American Society of Newspa per Editors. On Pri.day, the President is scheduled to visit New Hamp shire for a series ef meetings and to r~main in New ~ngland overnight for visists to Con cord and Lexington, Mass.; Saturday. Washingt~n Post - 4/15/75
Trade PostS ant secretary for marketlq and consumer serviou. Before joinih.g the gover~· ment, Yeutter headed the Set for Two _lliebraska .Mission, a techni· cal Assistance program in South America funded by tbe By Carole Shifrin Ford ,Foundation, Ageney WaelliDcton P.oe' Staff Writer fot Jnternational Dev~op. President Ford is ex ported first oice, Deputy ment and the Kellogg Foun .peeted to aominate White Attorney eneral Laureace dation. He also has served aa eucutive assistant to the House P81J0nnel director H. Sil rman, It was net governor of Nebraska and William 'i. Walker •nd As kno whethe:r ·hia new taught agricultural econom siataut A,irleulture Secre no inations' will run ~' ics and agricultural law at tw Clayton. K. Yeutter as ngressiona~ troubli · the tpnivers.ty of Nebruka. Dept ty SpeCial Repreaelija Yeutter is expect81l to Before Jnoving to the White House lls Peraonnel. tives f~ Trade N gotiations. work out of .Washingtol& and Director, Walker served aa The nomination ard- e Walker ,from Geneva; where general counsel to the Fed· pected to be de t most of the inte~ eral li:aergy Office (now the trade negotiations wm be FedeJ'al l';ne'rCY Admill :::.~· sources sai held. Geneva is altD the ~) and as Jederal Both men woul headq~era fat: the GATr oeunsel to the Cos~- of pected to play key office, the General ~ Living 'Council. He jOined ' ment on Tariffs and ~- the ll'ftmment in Septeme.. the forthceming mul lateral Walker and Yeutter are trade negoUations author ber 11169 as chief of evalua both considered knowledlt tion and planning for the ized by , Cong~;ess in the able about matters tllaf.wtll Trade Act of 1974. Under Offic~ of Economic Opportu the aet, the President is au be di4CUS!!ed • durinl the 'Bity't Office of Legal Serv trade talks. ices. He later served as &pe thorized to enter into nego Yeutter, !in economist and tiations aimed at hafl\\Onlz· dal wnsel, ~Ci~ ad9iaer a lawy~, has been assiataat to the dt~ctor, ancl OI:O's ~g, reducing or eliminating Agriculture Secretarl' for lll tariff and non-tariff barriers general counsel. In July ternatio'nal afiatrs dd com l.9(/1 became deputy ~r and other di8tortloris to in· modity programs. He joined ternational trade. of the Office of Ool'JIIiner the Agriculture Department Affairs~ President Ford n.Qminated in October, 1970, as agency former Commerce Secretary administrator in the con Frederick B. Dent to h~ nmer and marketing serv the trade negotiations aa ice and then becam!) assist- WILLIAM N. WALKER AmbaAador dter lUll oppo sition dev~lo.,ed to h1s re- S~ TRADE, D9, Col. 5
.. J; ~1~? ,. , ~1;1,;~ Ll) LU~ l;;Wl• tf l !:> (1 ·------.._.. ------~- . . Ford Dismays His Team BY J. F. terHOR!iT WASHL~GTON-In the aftermath of his offi.ce at iAe- White -House. rua a . .. is State of the World message, President Ford's undumined · v th~r Ford decisie!t to mfte inability to comprehend the potentially di- COUDM* John Marsh the _ Admm.-..-- sas~rous effect of recent personal decisions is .bGn man on ~ations with 1 1 Hill. dismaying many of his top adviserS outside · The list could go on, but. it serves to illus. the \\i'hite House. trate the problems that Ford advisers outside As they tick them off: government believe he inust solve-befo~_his Ford golfed while South Vietnam was dis- young Administration will look credible. · · integrating. · : "The trouble is that the PI'esident is a:nice~ Not ·until Secretary of State Kissinger re- guy who hates to ~heads even, when he turned from his abortive ~Iiddle East trip did • needs to do it," one of th_em o"!lsefv~ ~ the Na tiona! Security Council finally fi~d · Another. Ford man who served on his_ traP-: time to grapple with the· crises.in Viet~ :rsit.ion team-is perturbed over: the President's Cambodia. Cyprus and Portupl '.-:~: · · eagerness to--keep: Kissinger·aOOard as-Sette- Rogers C~B. Morton:coritm• as. head.of. --~ ··tary. of-state/a benediction. that--the- betra·: the· PreSident's Energy · ·· · guered pOliey~maker teeeived d:u:ri~g, _ Fp~'S: . he no longer retains the .· . '!acation iri.Ca}iforr;lia.,;; .. : · . that had"Sj)eeial clout:.~ 3dviseciare b0thel'1ed areas. . ·· ·. ;;,:-;: . .., ., Treasury :secretary· Williarit;~ Simorrp· o~~~:o~-~~:ais<>.:as•diJrecl~:m;~t,D,. •.
....
c· ' ' ' ~gy.~~-Gf::}fot~ ·...... oonrs · .~ran:srer ta ~tbe:Com~lJ'~,~ Interio_r,Mrirtoti was-in char~--af oil.-~': _ explor~on, tbfkke.! :fuels:m.any.:~ ergy...,policy;"!'Jt(Jg M:ol\tanrw.
The 'Veek of the Shot We await the bicentemdal, but it is here al which hopes to hold Saturday's crowd of onloet ready. Next year may bring the tounst hordes ers to 100,000, failina which it may take a worse seking the Revolutionary places, consuming ponriding than the redcoats ever inflicted tbere. millions of mass-produced souvenirs, but this is Helicopters will circle and National Guard tbe week that ignited it all. For Saturday is the troops will try to keep the celebration from get day of the shot that reverberated finally, as ting out of hand. As always, we expect, Massa Emerson said, around the world. And Friday chusetts will manage. Dilbt is the night of Revere's feverish ride The first shot at Copcord bridge; however, ... the eig_hteenth of April, in Seventy-five," cannot be duplicated under such cmditions with and lo forth, after the lanterns were~· any realism;, someone who was there is sup Up>n an this, there will be much reflection as posed to have said that '.!it whistled fine." A the week progresses, on how it was then, and singing ball on the clur April air, chanalnl bow it is with us now-upon our stewardship of everything. But apparently no one really want· the legacy of those dflys. No doubt the appropri ed to shoot as the day bepn. Those cololllall ate ceremonies at I..exington and Concord 'will mainly were set on preserving the ri8hts tbeY be televised, at least in part. We shall hear the already had, against recent usurpations. The fifes and see Revere's impersonator spread the ' spirit of national inclependence was to be fused alarm in a iall9Pina reenactment. Adually, the later by other bloody events, and by Tom alarm is considerable elready at Concord, Paine's Cammon Sense. What caused the iani· tiOD of that powder train 200 years aao this week end was siJDply another case of military mt. judgment: General Gage down in Boston thcwaght a show of force would send the farmers ~ing. By some amazing chemistry it had the opposite effect. In fact, a sweep of history was at work whida the participants that day did not fully apprecl ate. And a peculiar American spirit was at · work, best revealed in smaller occurrences. Two months earlier a British colonel approach lug nearby Salem found his troops blocked by a apdrawn bridge. No sUch delay could be tolerat· eel on the kina's highway, he shouted. It is recorded that he was set straight by an "old Mr• .Tames Barr" who happened to be passing by: ••It is not the ldng's hiahway; it is a road built by the owners of the lots on the other side, and oo ldllg, country, or town has anything to do with itt" 'Ibis from a forebear of the present numbered and computerit.ed ge:Beration which, in the cele brative months ahead, should be looking hard for some of that lost individuality from which our system sprang. Nor, as to the whole affair of 011r national creation, should we have to burnish Paine's old verity to believe it still, even in preseat travails: ..The sun never lbinecl oo a cause~ areater Worth. •• •• • Kissinger Survives Skirmish With Some Ford Aides - THE SECOND PART of By Fred Banes the campaip wu the leak Yllll...,_ Slar S1a1r ,,_ to Schieffer and other newsmen last week that Secretary of State H_., A. Kls· Kissinger might lose the liDar llu survived a modest effort NSC job, the sources said, by "lrhlte House aides to loosen his and Kissinger was greaU)' pip on •erican foreign policy, ac upred when he heard corcUna to administration sources. abOut Schieffer's television The attack on Kissinger as nport. carried out on two fronts - at· , · It Is unclear whether any tempt to lteer President Fo away • ft/t White House aide ever weat from ~nger's viewpoi in his to Pord with the pi"'DDOai 1tate-of-ehe-world speec ast week that Kissinger be stripped and a bid ~orce him t of his job of tle NSC position. as head the Na · nal S~uritJ Kissinger's displea~ Council - se sou es said. quickly focused on Neuea, Both eff fail . The speech Wal who called Thompson in on Viatap Kissinpr and th• White Prlday and told him that he HOUH annowa9d yaterday that he wa lired, accordfDI the IOUI'Ces' account. will remain u both secretaey of state SECRETARY laSSINGER 11len two days ago, Nes aid NSC chief at leut thrOUJh the 'l'llewllmer sen was said to have .writ· fall of lt76. ten a memo to Kwmaer The sources said that the attempt statiD( that., the leak orob- to reduce Kissinger's influence over White House aides who tried to the nation's foreign policy was enld undermine Klulnger. neered mainly by White House Chfef of Staff Donald Rumsfeld and abo NEWS STORIES about a rift be illvolved Press Secretary Ronald tween White House aides and Kissin Nessen and other presidential assist ger were described by Nessen as "a ants. maze of confusion and inaccuracy." He said that the whole thing was ONE RESULT of the effort was the generated by the press. ~ of Assistant Press Secretary ''It has no relationship to what's Louii Tllompson. The sources saJil happening in the White House," the press secretary asserted. Rumsfeld ~lilPIOil was dumped in order to assuqe Kiabaler alter he learned of hu allo denied that there is any fric the camplaip apJut him. tion tittween himself and Kissinger. The sources provided a scenario of ThompiOD was blamed for Jeeklq the effort to diminish Kissinger's a star)' Jut week to the effect that hold on American for~ policy, a Kluinger might lose the NSC poll, a plctar.e that Nessen safcl was ''toldy job tlult is Important to Kissinger be false." · cause it gives him a position in the The campaip wu bepm because White House and an office, near the White HoUse aides (elt that for Ford's in the West Wing. ,.olitical ud other reuoD,S the .Presl.r But Thompson was merely a lellt should begiD to put some dis:. IC8pegoat, the sources said, as it was taaee between himself and Kissin actually Nessen who leaked the stol')' J(et, if only because Kissinger's WILLIAM L GREENER about the possibility that Kissin~er poHcles have suffered numerous set New press aide misht lose his coveted NSC job. bacb around the world recenUy. lem had been solved. Nasen, in an inte~iew yesterday. Thoulh Thompson was not The aides tried to convince Ford to mentioned in the memo, the emphatically denied that he was tbe make a departure from put poUcy in 10urce of the leak, which wu givea .., foreign affairs speech to Con to CBS News correspoodent Bob area. INi Killinger worked ~)' Schieffer. The press secre&ar)' allo with Presldent the day before the said that there was no "cabal'• of the tpeecb wu ~Uvered ud tep& Ford Ill qreement with hie. vlewpoiDt on such matters u IDdoctiln~. Washington Star News ~ednesday, April 16, 1975 (Capital Special Edition)
White House Mini-Plot Fail By Fred Barnes other newsmen last week that Kis· Wulli.,roa Star Staff lirleer sfnler might lose the NSC job, the Secretary of State Henry A. Kis sources said, and Kissinger wu sillger bas survived a modest effort greatly angered when he heard about by l'lhite House aides to loosen his Schieffer's television report. ll'iP on American foreign poUcy, ac It is unclear whether any White corcUng to administration sources. House aide ever went to Ford with The attack on Kissinger was the proposal that Kissinger be strip carried out on two fronts - an at ped of th~ NSC position. tempt to steer President Ford away Kissinger's displeasure quic~ r. from Kissinger's viewpoint in his cused on Nessen, who called Tbeinp state-of-the-world speech last week son in on Friday and told him that he and a bid to force hlm out of his job was fued, according the sourcet' ac as head of the National Security count. Couacil - these sources said. ~ -..JaThen two days ago, Nessen was Both efforts faUed. The speech was satd to have written a memo to Kis vintage Kissinger and the White singer stating that the leak proltlla House announced yesterday that lle had solved. Though ThompiGII will remain as both secretary of state wa ot mentioned iJt the memo, the' and NSC chief at least tllrough the rces said, he was well known to be fall of 1976. a friend of Schieffer. The sources said that the attempt SECRETARY KISSINGER to reduce Kissinger's influence over Tbewbmer NESSEN DENIED writing S1lCh a the ftiltion's foreign policy. was engi • memo, though ·he said he had ciJs. neered mainly by White House Chief ~ cussed the leak matter with Kisslll- of Staff Donald Rumsfeld and also tween White H~ aides d Kissin- ger. who was undentood te be lnvoiYed Press Secretary Ronald ger were desc~bed by essen as "~ unconvinced by Nessen's protesta maze of confuston a inaccuracy. tiona that he was not the source of the Nessen and other presidential assist He said that the hole thing was leak. ants. generated by the ress. At a White House briefing yester· "It has no ationship to what's ONE RESULT of the effort was the happening i e White House," the day, Nessen explained that Thomp firing of Assistant Press Secretary son was dismissed because he had press seer ary asserted. Rumsfeld been hired to firm up the orgaalza Louis Thompson. The sources said bas also nied that there is any fric· Thompson was dumped in order to tion be een himself and Kissinger. tion of the press office. With tbat assuage Kissinger after he learned of Th sources provided a scenario of done, Thompson no longer had the campaign against him. the effort to diminish Kilainpr's enoU&IJ. work to do to justify his n~ Nessen said. 'IWtnpson was blamed fo leaking h Cl on American fo~ign policy, a a ltGry last week to the ef ct that cture that Nessen said wis "totaU)' Killinger might lose the NS post, a alse." job that is important to Kissi er b The campaign was beillft IJecaute cause it gives him a position · e the White l:louse aides felt that r White House and an office near political and other reasons the Pnsi Ford's in the West Wing. Cient should begin to put some dis But Thompson was merely a tance between himself and Kiuia ~eapegoat, the sources said, as it was ger, if only because Kissinpr'• •ctUaJiy Nessen who leaked the story policy bas suffered numerous let about the possibility that Kissinger backS around the world recently.'"- ahdK lose the coveted NSC job. The aides tried to convince Ffml to ReiSen, in an interview yesterday, make a departure from past poUcy Ia emphatically denied that he was the his foreign affairs speech -to Coa .-ree of the leak, which was given ll'ess, but Kissinger worked clOMl!r to CBS News correspondent Bob with the President the day before thi Schieffer•. The press secretary also speech was delivered and kept Ford said that there was no "cabal" of in agreement with his viewpoiDI on White House aides who tried to such matters as Indochina. undertnine Kiuinpr. THE SECOND PART Of tile cam NEWS STORIES ablut a rift be- paign was the leak to Sdaiefter aad Washington Post - 4/16/75
Rowland Evans and Robert Novak Playing 'Hardball' on Energy Fraltrated by a chaotic "reform" vere. Nevertheless Ullman lackl au Conants beyond the control of Demo "The subcommitt~e adopted a thority to bull through a comprolllile, cratic ebalrmen who cannot deliver the and Ways and Means Democrats are totes of their committees, President intent on an import quota plan which Maguire amendment for govemmenkJrdered the administration claims will lead to Ford is on the verJe of impoaiq an· controls. other ciQllar import tax on oil May 1 to allocation renew IUs energy confrOntation with re~tWn o_f gasoline without rationing, Further compounding tbe chao., the Capitol t~m. Senate has been. mavin& on a totaUy different track. The Senate bill pasSed Hopefhl compromise talk of last whic4 may well result in long fuel-pump lines." last week encompasses Sen. Henry M. month has vaDlsbed. Barring a late re Jackson's scheme to give state govern "fersal, epergy legislation being written ments a grab-b'ltg full of conservation in the ~ouse wlll contain strong con· proposals from which to choOR, It has trols lllthorrent to Mr. Ford. That no House counterpart- and is "lewed would leave the President two choices: quickly became evident: Conil'ess jl»mmittee's adtions YJ!~ nearly would move toward the President's de ruined hopes for rorp,"f.t· with contempt by the administration Do nothing or return to his old plan of ("Sheer nonsense," contends one top import ~es. "I'd say," a Ford policy sire to end oil price controls in return Dingell ha eed to administration official). ~ maker .lbJd us, "there's an 80 per cent for abandonment of the import tax. langua how to ratify an emer- chance we'll go back to playing hard But tommittee chairmen negotiating ge domestic plan for another oil Unless a miraculous compromise .ball"-tbat is, reimpose import taxes. with Federal Energy Admiqtstrator bargo. But the subcommittee's Dem· emerges from House committeee this Renewed confrontation probably Frank .ZUb-Reps. John Diqgell ocrats were ·following the post-Water week, ·President Ford will have to de Michi and A1 Ullman of Ore impoae aecond dooms any government action on the gate fetish for hamstringing the Presi· cide whether to the contiaa1Jlg but momentarily invisible did n t represent the tumul s tone dent. They adopted an amendment by dollar impQrt tax )lay 1 with the pro of ll reshman-stacked D ocratic ma· freshman Rep. Tim Wirth of Colorado spect of the third dollar latef, provok· tnero- crisis. This shows that govern jorit in revolt again adition. ing a fight to override his veto of the ment divided between ·a Republican requiring double approval :by Congress President and Democratic Congress he energy'subco~ -now and again when implemented bill suspending the import tax-wblch can mtnace the nation when rank-and· mit ee of t ouse Commerce Com of an emergency plan, disregarding is likely to succeed. flle DMlocrats, under the banner of mit ee, gell· faced 1Jlternal prob .Dingell'a agreement. Some energy advisers feel confronta· procedural "revolution," subvert ·the lems. even of the subcommittee's 10 The · subcomtnittee next considered tion will gain .pothlng, but Zarb is ex old committee chairmen system leav· Democrats come from the huge fresh rolllng back "old" oil prices to $4 a pected to push for renewal of the im· iDg nctUdng responsible in its place. man class (including three notable fi· barrel but held that up at least tempo port tax. reeaters, Reps. Richard Ottinger of rarily when administration officials The $S-a-barrel import tax was in The President's energy program or· New York, Toby Moffett of Connect!· claimed it ·would ultimately mean less tended to get Congress mo\'inc. But dered a $S-a-barrel import tax on oil cut and most heatedly, Andrew Ma· oil at higher prices. Resuming work thanks to impotent leadership and re for one reason: to prod Congress into guire of New Jersey. These freshmen Monday, the subcommittee adopted a bellious junior members, Co11J1'8U doing .-methia{l. are led by a vereran liberal infight:er, Maguire. amendment (previously der· moved directly opposite to Wblte It ...teed, with this agreement Rep. .Bob Eckhardt of Texas. ided by Dingell) for government-or House thinking. Renewing the $3 edict reachtll Ute in :Pebruary: The first $1 While agreeing in principle to five dered reduction of gasoline without ra would attempt to move Congrtil to levy would stay, but the President year decontrol of "old" oil (domestic tioning, which may well result in long ward the Ford position. Would not impose the second and third fields producing before 1~72, now fro fuel-pump lines. Clearly the subcom· That is much more doubtful The dollar ....iffs; Congress would hold zen at $5.25 a 'barrel), Dingell recently · mittee is moving toward more con new ·game of energy "hardball• may back on olverriding Mr. Ford's veto of confided to admiuistratipn officiala he trols, not less, and' therefore confront&· instead r~sult in no action at all on a a billaending the tariff increues; was being overriden by subcommittee tion, not compromise. problem of criaia proporUoae-the p~ bQth would negotiate toward an memben. Those officials auapected The challenge to Ullman's control of sonous combination of diYided govern overaa.• rgy compromise. Dingell was being "a little bit slip· his Ways and Means Committee, work· ment and a leaderless CoDit'ess. l'urtlaet1nore, signs of compromise pery." Wha~ver the ·truth, bis aub- ihg on energy tax legislation, ia leu se· · C 19'71. l'lel41b1~. Inc. Washi. ngton Post - 4/16/75
Th.e Budgf!l ·and th~ Cong·ress
• . 1 THE NEW CONGRESSIONAL budget procedure s~ems P~dents, but mostly to ga)n a share of real contl'ol · tp be taking hold successfully. That is to say, it is and therefore power over economic policy; CoJ~Cre8f tlll'Ding out to be painful for Congress but _not intoler· is now setting its own totals. able. When congressme__p in .the new budget commit· The President's original budget sbowed a deficit of tees vote to raise the spending. figUre in one small $52 billion for the year start1ng next July. Now the corner of the budget, the increase· immediately shows House Budget C~mmittee has adopted a resolution . up in the projected deficit. ~t's very un~ttling to con· calling for a larger deficit, $73. billion. Th~ Senate ~en who are used to the cozy old custom of pre Committee has ffixed a range of $67 billion to $70 tending· ignorance. But it also opens the way to an billion, depending upon one's assumptions. There are ~together new kind of congressional influence on the several interesting differences between the two resolu ~Oimtr,'s economic ~fairs:-and the members are ver} tions. For example the Seal& Committee has pro'llded much aware of that interesting possibility. a bit more ~oney for defense, and less for com~ The gist of the new law is .to require. Congress to and regional development. But their wide differences ~ledge a responsibility for the budget as a whole, with Mr. Ford's estimates may prove less substantial ~eluding the size and sha~ of the deficit, nther than than they look at first glance. A large part of these limply pas~ng a s~ries of appropriations bills piecemeal differences arises from judgments as to how much an~ leaving it to the White House to add up the totals. some of the fixed p ograms are going to cost. It is a self-imposed discipline that both houses of Con" The President, ccording to both committees, has gress adopted last summer by ove!1Whel~ng votes. The greatly overes · ated the amounts of money that the full process does not come into effect until next year. government ill get next year from offshore oil leases. But for reasons more political than ·purely legal, But, the say, he has greatly ·underestimated the tl,~ spirit Of the thing is alreaay in force. Because amou that it will have to spend under automatic of the deep recession and t.he urgent need to launch for lae on welfare and income security. The House a recovery, federal spending policy and the deficit mittee asserts that the President implicitly conceded 'is now a crucial issue-perhaps even the cl'Qcial issue--. these points when he raised to $60 billion the size of between President Ford and the Democratic majority the deficit that he would accept. Properly calculated, in Congyess. The Democratic leadership understao the House committee argues, the President's own budg~t Ytr-y well that the new rules give it an unprecede ed implies a deficit of nearly $70 billion. opJ)Grtunity to offer the country a coherent alter ativ~ The next stage in the procedure comes when the to Mr. Ford's fiScal prograJD. The benefits n not two budget resolutions come to the floor of the two O!Jly to the Democrats but, as the debate 1dens, to houses. Whether they will pass in their preaDt form the COUDtry as a whole. is very far from certain. Then th~y have to be recon The first stage of the new ongressio 1 process is ciled. Next September, the two houses will be 'f/J" now aoq1pleted. The new budg t com ittees in each qpired to review the summer's work and see~ .house have · adopted resolution se ng basie limits they hav&- stayed within their limits. If hot, tbey must for tpel1ding, revenues, and th suiting deficit. In either cuCspending somewhere or raise that very visible tlie put, of course, nothing remotely like' that ever deficit. Jlappened. Traditionally the President sent his budget A good many congressmen must be wondering. by •ery lanuary to the Capitol, where it was promptly this time, whether it migh~ not have been more com hnocked down into its separate pieces and parcelled fortable to inaugurate this new systeJQ, some i>tbel: ,year. out to the innumerable committees that claimed one But, in fact, the very turbulence and. unce~ of kind oJ jurisdiction or another. It was never put back this season makes it exactly the right time to take on ~ogether until 18 months later, at the end of the ,fiscal this llew r~sponsibillty. There is not likely to be another year, when the President's Office ·of Management and year for quite a ldng ttme when a tboroogb and in Budget put out the 'final figw:ea. The congressional formed debate in CoOgress on fiscal policy will serve eonunittees took credit for the benefit,s that their as useful a .purpose. The budget will ·slowly get en apPropriations br!)ught their constituents. But they acted into law, as it always d
Hobart Rowen 'Economic Recovery' and Unemployment
The mos~ over-worked phrase I hear that as the economy turns stronger TWo large companies that pr~tct a these days is that the recession is in terms of better sales, they will be 15 to 20 per cent expansion 'output "bottoming out." President Ford anQ ultra-conservative in hiring practices. over the next two years plan no - his feoBomic aides predict a second· The stock market may go up fur repeat - no net additions to their half neovery. Businesa Week says ther, but business managers will be white collar work force. that the "economic decline is deceler cautious in adding to their inven·. So·~~s very easy to see a scenulo atina." Former Economic Council tories: they are not sure just what developing iil wbictl GNP, after a 10 Chairman Raymond J. Saulnier says shape recovery will talce-«nd they're or 11 per cent decline the first tha.t "the downturn is moderating." not going to take too many chances. In quarter, steadies in the April..J~ But these are very imprecise notions. After all, profit totals will be plain period, and then edges up 3 or 4 per Just wJaat does economic recovery lousy this year. cent in the second half. By Wel*o mean? One little-noticed: statistic ·n the baum's "law," that's a recovery. I put the question to former Trea labor force report for Ma , which But unempl~. at the same sury AaUstant Secretary Murray L. Wei showed 8 tnillion person , or 8.7 per time, would be rising, hitting a peak denbaum, now teaching at Washington cent unemployed, is at the work in late summer or early fall around. week hi the private ector was down Unh'el'lilJ in St. Louis. the ~.5 per cent level. (Arthur Gkun to 35.9 "We 11SUally say that recession can hours. says "there's a one in three c-hanee·~ be defined as two consecutive quarters From 1970 al through 1973, it had the rate wll1 cross ~0 per cent.) of cleclining real growth," Weiden averaged 37.0 ours or better, stabil· baum •ggested, "so why not define "We'll be lucky to get unempfoJ-. izing there er even blgher levels in ment stable in the fourth quarter:• recoveey as two coD3ecutive quarters the iate Os. Now, th~ drop of a Weldenbaum aclmowledies. The rea! little than hour may not of po8ltlve · growth~ an son: to take care of .additions to the On tbe otl!.er hand, Harvard P sound ike much. But in terms of labor force, the economy has to grow fesaer Otto Eckstein saYS that the total ours, it's the equivalent of ahouf at least at a 4 per cent real I'llte just 2 'on jobs. _...,..may turn the economy aroun to stand still. but "the discomfort ind~'-the in J\s the "recovery'' takes place, th~ flation rate and the unemployment first thing that employers will do will That means that unemplo;..pt rate added together-will remain high be to lengthen the work week. Then, could be over 9 per cent at Chri!ltmu. more ~ auto ~1977. there Will be an extension of over Many of the 200,000 . ·~overy" is a tricky concept. time hours. Re-hiring - and that's employees on indefinite Jayoffs may The _.blem is that the recession · what cuts the jobless rate-will come not get their regular jobs back for has ~n the most severe and pro very slowly. years, ·and some may never work on tracfed -of the entire postwar period. During this recession, many an em auto lines again. But the "recovery" may be anemic ployer has learned how to get along Those out of work are not likely and lluggillh with unemployment with a reduced work for~ won't to be satisfted with assurances t,Jlat continuing ·at anaceeptably bigb levets. eaaly sacr11ice the economies that "the recesalon is ovu," while unem It 'becomes eVident, as I talk to bUii hard times have shown them how to ploymeJtt-4hat peaty number--UI "a nesamen from all over the country, inake. sluggish and! Iaggtq indicator." Washington Post - Thurs., April 17, 1975
Nessen Denies Firing Aide For Kissinger Role Leaks Wblte House press secretary Nessen denied tha:t be wrote in wri~ng the Indochina por- Ron Nessen yesterday denif.'d such a memo. tion. pttbllabed reports that he fired Thompson is a former Army However, KiuJnger report Louis .IL Thompson as his as- major whom Nessen hired last edly told associates it was not aiatant •because Thompson et- fall to reorganize the White a major struggle. legedly leaked stories that House pr~ss operation. Nessen said that Mr. Ford Praident Ford wanted to re- On Tuesday, Nessen an- has asked Kissi~ to "stay cluce the power of Secretacy nouneed tllat William I. until the end of the tenn, at Qf. State Henry A. Kissinger. Greener Jr. would move into least, and Dr. KisatDelr said · ·Callbtg · the reports "total Thotnpson's office as principal that was also his dear.," l.:tiOaat creations," Nessen deputy press secretary, Nessen Yesterday oweftl", the ltd. tile whole controversy said yesterday that the initial fourth-lar ' evening neWipa pel' Xisslnger's role was "a discussion with Greener about per in t ·country called on AJ!tuy." ta'king tpe job took place Kissi er to resign. The Long •~Reports circulated last week March 5. Isl d, N.Y., daily, Newsday, .ring preparations for Mr. ThompsOb completed the re- arged that Kttslnger ~rd'l State of the World organization, Nessen said, ad "misled the world for two iteeeb that staff members ing that he ''thought Lou as years about secret understand .re uqing the President- to too good to cOntinue o with ings between Richard "'iixon -.ctuce the influence of the the reduced admi · ative and Nguyen Vaa Thleu." retary of State and empb• work load." Nn denied reports that e Jda own role as the princl· State DePartme officials there was a move in the White toret«n policy architect were careful to oid any im· House ·to relieve Kluluter of ~BS correspondent Robert pression· of State-Wihite his second positiOII •• cllrktor Qch.e.ffer woadcast a story House conflic but Kissinger of the National Securlt;y Ooun Jlst week quoting White intimates s · that the secre- cil. Bouse sources as aaying that tary never omplained to the Nessen said that as far as he Ute Kissinger role would di- President about tlte critical knew no one had proposed to rpiniahed. stories a Vice Presidents in Transit WTJIILE EN ROUTE to the funeral of Chiang Kai·&hek, t)Verthrown • • • that l would be down on my knees 1'Y Vice President Rociefeller was asked whether un praying to whoever they pray to." folding events in Indochina "had the makings" of a. Leaving aside the, offensive breeziness of Mr. Rocke political issue in 1976, and he rep),ied in part: "Let's feller's reference to religious practice in Green, if he say 2,000 .Am~ricans or 3,000, half o{ them are kllled, genuinely believeJ that the Greeks ought to be prayer half of them are taken capti~e. That raises a lot of fully thankful for the situation that developed in Cyprus isiues." Well, we wouldl!'t argue with that. But you while their de~racy in Athens was being reitored, haw to wonder about the propriety and. usefulness of then he ought no{ to be discus "ng the subject out loud. a ~ice President putting this particular proSpect 'of a For what developed. as t rks pushed their rescue disaster in Saigon on the record as somet~g even coO.,. effort well past any gttimate claims of proteetilll sidered tc) be a live possibility by the administration. Turkish Cypriots, s a catastrophe for the Greet Cy Still more must you wonder about the propriety of priots, involvin the ·vi1tual destruction of the sover preaellting this prospect as ·something "having the niak eignty of C rus and creating 200,000 Greek Cyp~ jpp" of a future campaign issue. refugees. f1W it can be argued that Gree·ce, by its In his airborne interview, Mr. Rockefeller· also made earlier olicies on Cyprus, brought much of this up some odd and indiscreet statements on other subjects, itself ut that was not what the Vice President was llleluding the Greek-Turkish conflici over Cyprus. "Now ng. if I were a TuFt," he began-:-& stipulation that would hat the Vice fresident seemed to be arguin~ in bar him from office, in the first place, and, in the arious references to the performanCe of the Dem· second, iS not the viewpoint he is charg with expreu ocratic Congress on foreign policy, was that some pro ing-:-"and had built l;l'IDY totally on merican weap mising partisan issues were shaping up for 'next year's my 1 ons and spare. parts and was dependen qn them and Republican campaigners. And this, we submit, raisel the had paid cash for delivery of :weapons then got c questiol!. of just what it is that happens to "Vice Presi off when I was trYing to defend a · rity of m · e dents ~hen the)lj are temporarily relieved of their duti~ who had real1y been having a rough time on an isl nd, in the Senate and whatever other domestic chorea that I'd have to think twice." And so he migh if he ere may have been assi~d to them, and 'sent on :missiGns a Turk and if that synopsis bore any real relat' nship overseas. Hubert Hump~ey, on one such o~sioa, pro to the truth ~ the matter involving the ssional mulgated an Atlantic .Chitter for Asla; Lyndon Johnson cut-off of American military to ~y. As an merican, dubbed Ngo Van Diem an Asian Winston Ch1ll'Chftl; and however, Mr. Rockefeller should know that there was Spiro Agnew found f.oreign countries a eongenial setting a clear legislative pro~ion for such a cut-off Df further from. which to attack his Amctrican critics. In this seue, .U.S. military aid in the e\Jent that 1lhe Turks used Amerf.. it coUld be said, to use the familiar locution, that "nei'y ~n-provided weapc)ns for purposes other than theit bo'ci¥ does it." But that is not to say that Mr. RockefeUer defense eft Jhat' of NATO: should be doing it at this particularly. painful aQd deli· When the Vice PresiClent was then asked to assume cate time in our relations with the rest 6f the world the role of a Greek uncler attack by Turks bear~g and when ~etb is SC?mething close to a CQnstitutional American .arms, he said he •*would be ao very ~py disis in tbe l'll8tloDs\rlP between CoitgreSs and ~ that [in] my country, as a result Of the blunden of a executive over the proper role of each in tbe conduct military dktatonhip in CyprUs, the gO'ftl'DiDent was of foreign p01Jcy. Washington Post - Thurs., Apri117, 1975 R{)tvland Evans and Robert Novak Protecting the CIA Tucked into President Ford's speech to Congress, and i~ored in the emo tional controv~rsy over Vietnam, was a carefully worded warning that secret operations of the Central Intelligence Ageacy (CIA) must be protected from "altered" eongressionaJ. ov~night that threatens "essential secrets." Mr. J'ord's purpose: repeal of an ovenl&ht provision ·stuck into a new law last December. That provision reqaiioea the Pre$ident to noti~y "aP: propri&te committees" including the notol'ioualy leaky Senate Foreign Re latioos aDd House International Rela tiou ec.nittees, before approving any covert CIA operation abroad. Slrch wide distribution of this country's most se cret Upe.ntions "makes 1he protection of Vital information wry, very diffi cult." Mr. Ford said. Tbls Ji'esidential concern comes not B:J Oeoffre:r Moss for The Waahlnd• Pod a JD81Dt!llt too soon for the few friends of the CIA still willing to buck the deals with foreign intelligeuee agen po1itleal lvncb-mob psychology which tion to the separate, .v ....~~- •. vu.:~ . about to start in the cies are drying up and U.S. business betiiJl with disclosures. about the CIA;'s men, acting for years as invaluable in work in Chile and illegal ,Jntimates say that claDdelti.De formants and CIA fronts, have become spJlag on .American citizens. tion charge first came. Indeed, the apparent reluctance of categorical denials on "impassioned" in 'breaking off all CIA these probers might t contacts. · both the White House and embattled Also evaporating are the higb)y use. CIA Dtteetor William Colby .to shout ful deals by which a foreign nation's theJr fears albout destruction of the intelligence service does ·field work agency has infuriated serious-minded de intelligence experts. "For the life of CIA offi- for the OIA in "coattail operatioaS'" financed lby the CIA. When one such rtJ~~t,'' one such expert told us, "l can conflicting yiews. in today's rancid foreign service demanded a signed not ftgure out why President Ford and letter from the CIA that a partleUiar Colby have handled this 'assassina jab is to reveal any duly-consti operation would never surface, the tion' issutt so ineptly." AltiDc anonymitY, this uniquely committee and agency could not give such assuranee; weJHDf.uted official continued: "As claim privilege only in ex· the operation was aborted. traordlnaey cases. Colby is well aware of criticism far as I know the CLA never killed against his policy of total cooperation any foreien leaders. Plotting may be Some former intelligence officials sometbinl elSe again, but if every believe he has no alternative. Within with the multitude of investiptors. thought a man had were translated the agency itself, one group of officials His aim is to avoid an "adverS&l'J' rela has pressed for total exposure of ev tionship" with congressional prollen, automatleally into action, there would depending oh their self-control to pre be ,_, of us out of jail or still alive. erything the agency has ever done and Would you like to ·be bung for e"ery for prosecution of officials who broke serte national security. But critita fear laws. that as the House and Senate probes nliC, fatasy in which you indulged? get up steam, the penchant for leak But ...-sln~tion, no, sir, and I defy But another faction violently dis agrees. Their thesis~ almost everything ing long-buried secrets extremely an16 .fll prove differently." harmful to U.S. foreign policyo will But when the charge of possible CIA the CIA has done was under direct orders from a Presid.ent of the United prove irresisti'ble. , espjellnations of foreign leaders sur The President's signal that he in· faced, tlle instinctive White House re States. Yet the agency is now asked to actiOn was to hand that hot issue to take the rap for extra-legal activity. . tends to tighten the new scatter-eun the .,....ential commission headed by ~o, take the heat--but tell nothing that oversight·role of Congress- serves as a Vice President Nelson Rockefeller. could compromise the CIA's daily rou· somber warning to the two inveatlp' ing committees. If their 21 members That ~ gave new wiligs to r~mors tine. In fact, ~ routine is already com cannot keep the CIA's past and pres that CIA may, indeed, ·have been ex ent secreta, Congreu· W.ill not have a eclltioner at high levels. promised to a point that the aJency COlby, &traiibtarrow without guile, Is MW thiAging in a bare handful 'of long-range overailht role. The CIA will a have died an is despefately trying to holD 'baek the covert "operations" abroad, none ~ unnatunfl death. floodgates by offerint his full eoopera- Ucularly sensitive. Moreover, exchaftle 19'75, Plel4 Enterwt-. lllc. Washington Post - Fri., Apri118, 1975 ~eorge F. Will Is It Kissinger's Fault? We are sliding into one of those te dious Washington debates that begin WI'OIIlg and go downhill from there. Tbe debate is about Henry_ Kissinger. To •hat extent is the state of the •orld--from Lisbon to Saigon-his fault? · · lt is another de-bate about a particu li. ~tesman, rather than the more tBubling debate we should be having a~t the limits of democratic state OAtt. .llulnger's critics see him as the pilot in the following story: A sbtP plying the coastal waters off d picked up a pilot to guide the tllrough the tr~acherously rocky rs.. The ship's captain was appalled to learn that the pilot was drunk, but the pilot said: "Sir, I know every·rock h1 these waters"--at which point there was tfe crash of hull hitting rock ·~. Qlory be to God, there's one rww.'' Kllt!!lnger's critics tend to argue that if u.s. foreign policy is frustrated, some U.S. official must be to blame. This is anfair. But &lssinger is partly to blame for the unreaSonable expectations that he baa rail¥ and cannot fulfill. His di r.fl~, penonal involvement in the sliort·nm tactics as well as the long run strategy of foreign policy encour a~. s people to think that he e:JQPects })Is statecl"aft to subdue events. ftr his own part, Kissinger feel6 lfl:e the f6th-eentury woman who was ~ed with witchcraft and was sen B:r 8\bart Leeds !or The Waahlnrton ~t tenced tbis way: "q'The accused woman is to be thrown ingly, he has humilil,y in the face of throughout history free societies have iJito the Jiver.:.....OOund and gagged. If history. Congrey believes that when its been short-lived rarities. • she sinks to the bottom and drowns, members say "aye" to (say) a "model Kissinger'& view also ts; literally, un this will ~ proof of her innocence cities" program, model cities should speakable. No official of a demociatic arut she is to be given a proper burial; result Ki'SSinger lives day-by-day with government can e~ress sucb sltept if she floats on the surface and an even more turbulent world than the icism about the long-run toughness b_reathtls, this will be proof of her one which frustrates Congress' will for and wisdom of his society. "model cities." Qilt, and she will be fetched immedi The gathering strength of ~ totali a~ly from the water and burned at the Kissinger is a strategic pessimist and tarian movements substutidM Kia sfelte." a tactical optimist. ainger's unspoken strategic pellljmiRD, Kiaslnger has been criticized for an He knows that, strategically, time is but seems to contradict the ta<;tial op. dtt-IMUtutional, o v e r-personalized not on the side of the bourgeois 80cle timism that is his only permitttl ~ c:Uplomatlc style. And now that events tles of the .W eat Totalitarian regimes, lie posture. This poses the ultimate his beyond Ills control (beyond congres for all their stupidities, have one ~: sfo~ diminished control) are unfold strength-«aying power. Open con- . The dangerousness the 1rorld, lni ~e&santly, he is held personally sumer societies, devoted to the manu oi ril&lpollllible for them. from Lisbon to Saigon, may produee faeture ana gratification. of appetites, the sobriety and cohesion wltbout .ln fact, Kissinger's problems today have no appetite for the-disciplines and are a web of paradoxee. which no democratic nation can have deferred gratifications that protracted policy. If: you ~9litical forees have their own a purposeful foreign re international competition entails. member ·Lewis CaiToll's poem ''Hunt pby'iica: 1Gssing~r's vanity has pro But Kissinger, like a Confederate '{Oked a matching force from those ing of the Snark" you know that nerv cavalry officer; believes that tactical ousness has lts uses: he considers his tormentors, the insur daring in the short-run can partially ge~ts in ¢ongress. What Napoleon said compensate for the long-run weakness B!'t the valley grew narTow • of the tiench Revolution is true of of a strategic position. Tbis uglaiJMI warrower Ifill, ~!f r.evolution against Kis the fact that he is more ardent tQn And the ewefling got darker and sil\ger'a domination of fceien peliey ~nating in seeking aereements coldM, . m~JdM: "Vudty made the 1\evolutlen; -illleces of paper. erdJ fT'f1m ~en, not liberty was only a pretftt." Tbe sobriety and pessl~ of Kia- fnm& goocleiU) KllaiDc_. doea not have h11111ilib" in alqer's vision fa, strictly ~=· Thet 1IIGr'CIIad alonQ *"'lder to the face of Congreu becauae, increaa- American. It also is bro8i11J ~ : •l&ot&lder. Saturday, April 19, 1975 The Washington Po•t Rowland Evans and Robert Novak Vietnam: Autopsy of the Collapse All aut~ of the collapse of South passing storied Caporetto and neediq Vieblal performed at a high level here "It was not a lack of courag~, patriotism or a Hemingway to describe. points less to the widely presumed cul The disaster on route 7B qaJdrlJ Prit, President Nguren Van 'lbieu, and even training on the part of the soldiers, spread. Fearing isolation, in the North, far more to a single command blunder Gen. TruQng ordered a withdrawal in the field which combined with slump from Hue. But now President 'l'bleu ing U.S. military aid to produce irre but notoriously poor generalship which steadily panicked. Dl5regarding the M~ '13 versible tragedy. meeting, he ordered the troops to re · '!be foUtopsy was performed not by turn. Counter-marching, they col11ded Saigon embassy staffers closely uao weakened under pressure of diminishing U.S. aid." with streams of refugees and soon eiated with Thieu but by Waahinlton· turned back again. By then, Truonc'l bued effkials not at all interested in prized 1st .AR.VN division had so di• Ilia ~tation who visited Vietnem :dter Integrated that defense of Danana was the collapse. Their story, cl'OII-Checked Truong agr•, addilll he would de officers in the French army at the Impossible. Tlius, premature with foe' aeturacy and fulJy substantiated, fend Hue if possible. fatal 1954 battle of Dienbienphu. But drawal ~om Pleiku cost South Viet helpa explain why 10ldiers of the South he fits a familiar ARVN pattern: nam five infantry divlsions, the coun· VletDamese Army (ARVN) now fight On March 14, Thieu summoned a top secret council of war (unknown to first·rate division commander unable try's northern half and almest a.,re)y IJI'avely at Xuan· Loc and elsewhere but its independence. ran in disorder last month. '!be answer the U.S. embassy) at the military base to cope with complexities of corps is not laet of courage, patriotism or of Cam Ranh Bay. Five generals at command. What distinguishes Phu This autopsy provides valuab• lee even tn.ining but notoriously poor gen tendlld: Thieu; Prime Minister Tran now is committing the loq war's sons. It justifies President Fortfa not eralshiJ which steadily weakened under Thien K~Vem; Gen. Cao Van Vien, &reatest single blunder. heaping blame on Thieu, as some ad ·1ft11Ure of diminiehina u.s. aid. chief of the general staff; Ll Gen. Returning to Plelku late on March visers wanted. It confirms that what • falling support !rom Washington, Dang Van Quang, the president's mlli· 14,- Phu inexplicably ordered withdraw the ARVN has needed is not poUtieal alllll with Moscow's blank-check baa· tary adviser; and Maj. Gen. Pham Van al that very night without preparation. dedication or even inspired low-level lDi of North Vietnam, probably insured Phu, commander of the 2d corps head· In the old days, American advisers leadership so much as halfway decent South Vietnam's eventual fall. But the quartered at Pleiku in the Central would have restrained Phu, planned generalship. And though Congreaa mQ macabre events of mid-March may have IDihlands. an orderly withdrawal and mocked up resiSt, it points uv the unescapable hastened Saigon's doom by years, in a Following Thieu's strateu, it was the Ban Me Thuot Counterattack. But casual relationship be~een steldilJ U.S. manner mapifying the daniagl.n& im decided to abandon Pleiku and Kon-. such adviSers left after the Paris ac reduced aid and the Vietnam dia l*t on U.S. policy. tum in the hlghland&-but· certainly cord of January 1973 (which rermitted aster. CQIDIIlunist destruction of the 23d not withdraw all the way to Saigon. 140,000 North Vietnamese regulars to Even if some renewed aid now en• ABVN division in capturinl Ban Me Rather, their plan was to regroup, stay). ables Saigon to re-equip five divt.iou Thuot in the Central Hl&blands drama then counterattack at Ban Me Thuot, and stabilize the military sit~ tized for Thieu the altered power bal· Abandoning equipment worth tens seeking to end the hesitant Com of milliona, Phu's troops set off east the most hoped for is an interval for ance. He determined then that bia munist offensive. Just when Pleiku orderly evaQ~atiori of S·aigonltl! lead troops must retreat from expoeed po on routes 19B and 7B. the letter a and Kontum would be abandoned waa road to hell. 7B is an unimproved ers, a new government and negoti litions. But contrary to popular belief, left open, a vagueness of historic im ations leadina inevitably to Communist he gave no precipitate order. · road with no bridges, aasurlng chaos portance. Four of thpse present as heavy trucks chewed up river fords. rule. The long, immensely costlf war On March 13, Ll Gen. Ngo Quang thought the pullout was. to take place was lOflt on the ides of Marc,, But Truong, commanding the 1st corps in Retreating troops, trailed by 200,000 gradually the last two weeks .of March. refugees, were ambushed at Cheo Reo whoever was to blame, this autopty the North, flew to Saigon to confer makes clear, it was not the long-aUfltr· fifth by the 320th North Vietnamese di with Thieu. Thieu Qniered Truoua to The man, 2d corps commander ing, much-abuaed ~RVN foot aoldier. witbdraw, aballdoning Hue if neces· Gen. Phu, bu a lona and valorous rec· vision. '!be result was more t·haos, 1ary, but to make a stand at Danang. ord as one of only two Vietnamese massacre and a calamitou retreat sur- 0 11'71. Piehl BD&enlrl-. IJII. The Washington Post Saturday, April 19, 1975 r------~------~--~~ ----~------.. Wallace: George F. Will His 'Politics of Spleen' o~ • • In 1968 Georae Wallace aaid, "Hill, we got too much dlgnlty in govern Huey &»ng, a subatanUal filure, ment now; what we need is some tried to scare people ao he could ne meanness." Wallace lost, but the win totlate with them. Walt.ee iuat wanta ner satisfied that need. to be acery, Now Wallace, with bulldog pluctt. is l.ollg's famous pledge-"Evel'J man pteparing his quadrenhial crusade a Xlog"-was blather, but it was a· tPinst excessive di~nity, and otbe' token of his intention to use gtyern tidngs that offend biin. ' ment to raise the Uving standaitl of Only in the South can a man go so bis support s. Wallace practi~ a far by being an "a1~nst'.' man. In 1912 more au re form of the politiea of the socialist pre&ldential candi~ envy, romising only to pull down ~gene Debs, finished third iD: Loulli· JM!Q ~.g., pointyheaded profeuon ana ahead of President Taft-not b. ~bo have risen too ~ cau~ many Louisianans favored so Long was a killlt of Nauer, a tbor· eHlism, but· .because Debs articula_. ~hly unpleasant bully who never dass resentments and offended com theless had some practical idpa' and ~rogram~ th1t be -eally tnoueht fortable NorthernerS. 'Would improve the lot of the people Class resentments thrive whereJ'f to whom be addt essed his rhdtorjje. at,atus has been Unked to land o er· Wallace has L(lng's vUlgarity anll en ap. Resentment of the rich the ngy without L m&'ll purposefuln-. · poor is an old theme of them Louisiana was a labora~ for pelitic&, as is the indiffe nee of Lona's .:xperiments with power. Ala southern politi · ·ns to th material bama is an off·Broadway stage where aeeds of the asses th WallJce perfeeta W. oatiooal ae&. llbcd by such sentme Like SplrQ Apew, Wallace I'UJUieth much else. Segregationi over w~ opinions about dirtJ movlea but sociologis and ~ent children and otber Tbi.s quintesse anti-intellectual is tbinp that are none of the govern the araduate s nts' best fiiend. He ment's business. It would be absurd bas spawned a thousand doctoral dis to .Sk his opinion of, say, monetary ..-tations on "Socio-economic Pll'l· pell.cy, but he is hot for law-and-enter, meters of Aggrieved Ethnicity" and * bas been since he quit de{Jtag Other overlnterpretations of the peli courts. tks of spleen. I cannot think of Wallace without In a nation blessed with more sc:hol· ~mbering James Hamilton LewD, ars than scholarly subjects, no rabble u.s. senator from nunoia (1911-19), rouser can escape being studied as a who disguised his toupee by sprillkllllg ••pokesman." A propefly devout. be fake dandruff on his sbouJders. Lewla, bavioral sclentlat believes that -the lilre Wallace, had a feel for the tbe )llarase "legitimate grievance" is a re atel of politics. But Wallace is unlqt* •ndancy, and that widespread human in tuUding a political career on noth· cussedness is not an acceptabll{ ex· 1ng else. lllanation of a political phenomen*' Of course there is nothing new If Wallace "speaks for" some II· about reduc~g democracy to vaude jtieved class, that c:lass has a real MJle. ~about :A"tm!rica's supplaJ of Our ninth President, "the roarer of spokesmen. Wallace says nothiDif of TIJpecanoe," William Henry HarrliOn. IAlbstance, and says it dreadfully,. waa recommended to the electorate on His career demonstrates the decline the ground that he drank hard cider. And Champ Clark of Milaouri, Speat of American rhetoric. He ia our IDOit er of the Houae of RepresentaUvea. d"ura5ltnlemaiOfUe and he bu never nearly won the Democratic preliden· Jlven a speech or uttered a paraaral1b tia1 nomination in 1912 (he had a con or coined a phrase that is el.:;q1fnt vention majority but needed two or even memorable. thirds) with little more program than But his rhetoric is the perfect ve hla song "01' Hound Dawg": IUcle for the nonsubstance of his poll· Everrtime I come inna town tics. Because he has no truck with The bot11 staTt kickin' mJI dawt ideas, his rbetoJ;ie is a lumpy porridge GTOUtl' of bald auertions ~ondemniJli the T'Gin no 1114tter if he is G houa' ever II'OWiDI J1WP of AmericaDS be Thev gottG atop kickin' mv ciGtDf flllde Jt lii"'fltable to .-ent. aroun• As an analyafa of America's probleiDa In 1912 Clark's song lacked a certain naor. But it compares favorably with Wallace's ..... which are DOt good humored and don't rhyme, The Washington Post Saturday, April 19, 1975 C.lllyton Frit;chey • ... And His Problems Ill the South Alabama Gov. George Wallace's In a recent foray into New York all ot the state's delegates to the Na- latest complaint is that the "bier City to raise money and build a cam- tlonal Democratic Conventioa if the ~" of the national Democratic paign organization, Carter presented selection is left to the local political Part.y is conapiring against him, but himaelt u "a good Southern alterna- 1 d Th Alab tl pri In fact .his chief opposition 1hese days tive to Wallace." In his opinion "it is \ ea et'$. e aman wan a . - is c:ommg. from his own region-the inconceivable that Wallace will bl!' ~ mary because of his large following Sodl and the liorder States. on the ticket." in the backwoods preclnc~ of the Much of the anti-Wallace feeling staje. His plea was: "We have a move- ~nt in among the leaders of the South is Gov. Dolph Briscoe of Texas ls an- in this country not only still below the. surface, but Gov. Wil· other Southern leader who takes a ;North Carolina to re~ve the aver- liam Waller of Mississippi won a lot dim view of Wallace's candidacy. Bris- age man, the 'tobacco workeks, the ot quiet approbation from other coe is openly confident that Sen. Lloy textile wOrkers; to remove the truck Soutbern politicians recently when he Bentsen (D-Texas), an avowed driver and beautician and the barber publicly dismissed Wallace's presi tender for the Democratic preside ial and the waitress and the little ~- dential ambitions as not to be taken nomination, would defeat Wall e in nessman and farmer from the proliea .nously. a Texas contest. of havln& a voice in the nomination Gov. Waller bluntly said that in The rise of a new breed of "mod- for the presidency of the United Mllllasippi Wallace "is not considered erates" all over the New South. as States." to be· a viable potential candidate typified by the recent uccesses of This pro-primary plug would have b~e of his disability, or physical Sen. Dale Bumpers (D- k.), Gov. Reu- carried more weight if Wallace bad fnftnaity." The Alabaman has since bin Askew (D·Fla.), v. George Bus- ever lifted a finger in the past to iaaued a series of bulletins userting bee (D-Ga.) and otl}ers like them, is make the primaries more demoeratie. that his paralysis, cauted by an assas tending to isola~ ' Dixie demagogues In 1972, he derided the "peoP.Ie poll- .si.n's bullet, has not impaired hia like :Wallace, w o have traditionally tics" of Sen. George McGov.-a (D. capacity to campaign or govern. reli on racis and white supremacy S.D.), who succesafully led the reform BU neighbors do not seem to be for Utical ccess. movement to elect more DemOcratic CODVinced. One Southern Democratic W le th Alabama governor pro- convention delegates from among JOVVDor, who reserved hi~ identity fes s sk tlcism about this develop- women, the minorities and the young. told the New York Times, "I just hap! me , h nevertheless ie impressed Wallace's growing passion for pri· Petl to know the IUY can only work eno g to tone down the ferocity of maries-especially. in the Soutb-re- two or three hours a day. I have never hls d segregation line. He also fleets his. :a:ealization that the moet been able to accommodate fantasy and knows the 11 statea of the old Con- influential leaders of the region are fadl bl polltica." federacy now have 76 black mayors. no longer in his corner. But he will The increaaing boatility in the re One of· the South's most outspoken keep on -l'I1Diliill. Ray Je~ aa Jion toward Wallace, however, stems foes of Wallace is former Gov. Terry editor of the Alabama .Journal, ~ more from his politics than his health, Sanford of North carolina; who also Wallace is simply trying to keep bfm. and is compounded by the natl\)nal has presidential hopes. Only a few self afloat politically until be can ambl~ of other Southerners, sueh u days ago, Wallace journeyed to North run for the Senate seat of John Spark· former Gov. Jimmy Carter ot Georeia, Carolina to campaign against abolition. man (D.Aia.), who is expected to re- who aJso is &eelliiq the 1978 Demo of that atate'l preaidentiU primary. tire iB ·t978. Could be. cratic presidential nomination. He feared that Sanford could 1et Los ADreies Times The Washington Post Saturday, April 19, 1975 Listen., My Children. • • HERE MAY BE more commotion in Massaebull8tta T~ this Patriots' Day than there was 200 yean ago. 200 Years Ago Last night President Forc;l hdped to hang the lanterns aloft in the Old North Church in Boston. Today he goes on to ~xington and Concord to watch the minutemen A.prill9, 1775 ~base the redcoats down the lane. Meanwhile, by the rude bridge that arch~d the flood, a rally ag~ big Oh its way to destroy a -military cache at Con busineSs went on aU 'b!lght. Today there will be television .eord, a 7~man Britisll detachment encounters cameras where the embattled farmers stood, and thia about 77 colonial ~qtemen drawn up on the year's version of the shot heard round the world will Lufngton green. Major John Pitcairn orders, echo on the evening news. ..~. down your arms, "y6u damned rebels, and Many people in Lexington and Concord do not ~ dliPerse!" An unidentified shot-"the shot heard come ~ this fuss, not to mention the crowds that ...-ound the wo.rld"7 rlitp 9.ut, elicitmg British threaten to overwbelm their historic, well-kept towns. Yolleys that kill eight Minutemen and wound 10; But they could l)Hdly have expected to be able to keep one British soldier is wounded slightlY. The this celel)rati¢ to themselves. The events of April 18 British proceed to C~c(>r~. lind deltroy what and 19, 177~ were the spark-points of the RevolutiOIW')( remains of the ariJlS ca¢he. :OUI:ing the British War, an?ftnarked a crueial milestone in the American \{Cieps' return to her longboats· and barges in colonistf movement toward arms and indepeDdeaee. the C~arles River. colomal snipers inflict a More · er, thanks primarily to LOngfellow and Emenon, he&"Y toll. On this tirst ~Y of the American Pau, Revere's ride and the skirmish at the Concord ReV)Jlution, the :Britd.sh . wffer 273 c ultics, b~· ge have become classics in American folklore as the colonists 9.5, The ~oio~ Uien lay s ge to II as history more strictly told. Thus the 200tb anni Bolton. h ersary of those dramatic events was bound to be an occasion of national notice and local traffic jams. Nor is it surprising that some contemporary themes and complaints have become entangled with the re enactments and remembrance of the past. The bicen tennial, after all, is not simply for recalling old batUes and sprucing up historic sites. Just as the people of 1775 were not unified or wholly articulete about their ideals and aims, Americans have never entirely agreed about lnterpretatio06 of the revolution and the modern meaning of concepts such as liberty. Th~ bicentennial Will be most significant if it encourages more citilenl to reflect upon such things. If this includes dissent and debate, that is appropriate; nations are never foullcled, and free societies are not sustained, in perfect calm and harmony. Indeed, it would be ominous if Ameriealla observed their bicentennial only by praising the patriots of the pill The Washington Post Saturday, April 19, 1975 Adalbert de Segonmc Restoring America's World R·oie Careful, don't bury America betore pursued this military meddling too before the summit conference on It's aead. long. The young people never under European security in which 1h look To listen to Ute pesaimiste and stood why they died. ·Public opinion for so much. read the press, you might believe that wants to forget a oikhtmare. The end of the American intervention in Nor ia China playing _... 1 the United States has become a power needs good relations with the Uaited leu giant. Certainly it's in trouble. Southeast Asia could lead it to re 'Vise its priorities and concentrate States because of its disp• 1 11 h VIetnam, the Middle Eut, Portugal, the Russians. And lt ltnowa that it Cn»rus, Greece and Turkey rewe on those areas that truly affect its national secwity, particularly Europe.· can establish itS aovereignty ev~ntual sent a series of bad blows. In con Iy, over Taiwan only with' American sequence, because one has alwaya The Mid~ is no disaster. The apptobation. upected a great of . them, the "lltfl)-by.atep" palicy is not over. !feal Israel and Egypt are lookinl tor ...,.., New circumstances, created In lute credibility of the Americana has fall Part by the rising power of the amall ea throughout the world. But in nations and the decliniag power of jud&iDe them, it's nec'e&sary to keep the .two nuclear giants, meamrbile a sense of pl'oportion. 'lb.e positive . Th. writer i. cl,.ief COl'Niporulem req~res America to redeflae ita side of their l1obal role weighs a "' North America for F~. ill foretgn policy. IOOd deal more heavily in the bal which thil article originally •plHJGI'etl. ance of their potential tban the neg. John Kennedy pledged Ulat his atlve elementAl, in these laat montba. countcy would "pay any pdee" to way to return to Jt, or at leut to ... d~end liberty. Lyndon JohDIIIba II> The UDited States remalDs the Plied tbat policy in sending the Gia power in the ·world. It is sure a prjmary role to the United ~N~tes( States in their effort at rapproche to Vletnam. Nixon promised to sup goblg through an economic crisis. But port, with arms and monet, thoae the signs of recovery are appearing ment. This policy, in any case, en abled the United States to achieve a countries that took up their own and the inflation is beginning to slo~ fense. Ford and Kissinger have down. Even amidst its troubles Ameri reconciliation with the more moderate Arab countries, which weakened th~ to se~ their priorities. One of ca remains a force without equal. The most unportant will be to rettore enaine will inevitably pick up speeti role of the Russians in the region. 0 Portu~ is definitely a black mark. Americans, 1bu.med by the divilin11 again, for there are vast basic forces left by VIetnam and flirting· ... Mtiag only to be employed. Although But the Americans are not out of it and the Russians are being cautioUS: klnd of isolationiem, the dtllla to the' dollar ba'S fallen, it remains the play once again a constructive role in only base of the international mone Greece and Turkey, currently sulk ing about NATO, know they cannot the world .. But that rules out lllilital" .-, system. There ia nothing else to interventions that are ill-conaideed Or repl.ce it. It will be years before dispense with Westera aupport with· out falling inte the ~ of the baaed on an idealism no lon&er suibtd Special Drawing Rights, ''paper gold," to our Umee. are capable of auppl.&nting it. And Soviets. EveDtaJb' tben, probably mJlllarily, thanks to an incomparable quite soon_ tbiDII wUl str81Jhtn t.ee!mology, the United States mein themselves out and tbe rupture tn taina its superiority over the · Ru• tbe southellt front ol ·the Atlantic 1)e Ilana reprdlees of the agre~ments alliance will repaired. to limit nuclear arms. Tbe Kremlin appean better able to judge the aignificance of tbe so In foreign policy, the probable fall called defeats of the Americans than of Saigon and tJte fall of Phnom Penh some of their alllea. The Ruulanl represents the first defeat of America could take advantage of the situa ill its 200 years of existence. But tion to score some points. They have the loss of Czechoslovakia and China not done it. D~ente, which is partly to Che Communists, as well as the the cause of American difficultiei re Korean ·War, were also severe re mains the base of Soviet policy. The verses that the Americans overcame. Soviets continue to hope to get from ~ abandonment of Indochina is es W&ahlngton t h e growing econ...ae eeaUally the correction of a great er excban~s that will give them the tech· ror that divided America and would nololleu aid that they need. And have de.uoyed It Tbe United State• tiler do not want to iDelte • butlalh The Washington Post Saturday, April 19, 1975 Wallace 1st to Qualify For Election Subsidy The fund-raising effort in South, plus Ne~York, ew behalf of Gov. ~rge C. Wai- Jer!!E!Y. Penl}lylvania, Ohio lace of Alabama, as yet an Uf!· Michigan, fl)diana, Illinois declared candidate for Prem- Kentucky ftflssourl and Cali· dent in 1976. haS. become the for-ttia. first to qualify for matching The (,t(w provides dollaa • federal money under the new d~Ua matching on sucn con· eampalgn finance law, Con· tri 'ons, with payrpent sblrt.· tressional Quarterly reported i Jan. 1, 1976, up to a total 1esterday. $5 million in matdliJit CQ said Alton Dauphin, tnoney for campaigning. treasurer of the · lace fu~ Other Democratic candi· }'eported that ,000 in con · dates have qualified in this butions of $25 or less as number of state, CQ re~: been raised i each ol 201 Sen. Henry M. Jackson atates as requi d by t~ law. {Wash.), 16; Sen. Lloyd M. The states, CQ said, Bfe Ala- Bentsen (Tex.), ll; Rep, Mor·. '-ama, Georgia, ouisiana, Mis- risK. Udall (Ariz.), 22; former llissippi, Virgi a, l'llbrth and Govs. Jimmy Carter of Geor Soutll .. Carol , lf'enneaee, gia and Terry Sablord of Florida and as in the North Carolina one C!JCh. Washington Star News Saturday, April 19, 1975 GARRY WILLS Ford's Faulty View of Indochina Disaster President Ford In his address said: "Let "stabilization of the military situation" to be each other for ~ little while longer? us keep events in Scwtheast Asia in their followed by a "political solutipn." Besides, the President had to know that his proper perspective." It would have been What, exactly, does that mean? The Presi chance of getting $700 million in weaponry more accurate to say "restore them to their dent himself details the breakdown of was slim. Some said he meant to ask this as a proper perspective,'' since we have not been Paris accords, reached when Saigo ad bargaining point, to strengthen his chance of keeping them in perspective for some time. much more territory. military disci ne and getting tlae_$300 million he first reques~ - But the President had no intention of re hope than it has now. If an agre ent could but even that is unlikely now. Others think he storing perspective. He came to maintain the not be reached before, why s d we expect was makin" the request so he could say ."1 distortions of our policy. The speech was one now? Sai;on is finished will not recap· told you so '·and blame Congress when Sai- oddly self-defeating on the face of it. After ture its lost territory. It nnot live on in its • "'gon does fall - an ignoble suspicion, but one reading a touching letter from Cambodia's maimed and incomple condition. · the President courts by asking for the unlike president, asking for aid, the President did That is a reality. et our President comes ly. not go on to ask Congress once again for aid .before us and s s, "Assistance to South We end the war as we began it, foo!Jfts _, he merely shrugged and said, "It may be · Vietnam at thi tage must be swift and ade others and fooling ourselv~s. using a huae too late." quate .•• h -hearted would be worse than intelligence apparatus to make ourselves Then why did he read the letter at lJ? To none." Yet •s own program, even if-acceded willfully unintelljgent, trying to throw parade America's failure? To advert• our to by Co ress, would be half-hearted. It has American money at a problem on the as incompetence? The only plausible exp na no cle goal of conquest, settlement or sumption that money always finds a way, tion Is that he meant, by this horrid exam e, pres ation of the Saigon regime. It has no talkina abo\lt our national reputatio,a while to prevent the same failure in Vietnam. pos · ve aspect at all. It holds out onlv a we toy with a client state's national exist Bwt does he really,mean to pr.event it? H v ue hope that if the war is prolonged, ence. I did not think any president could add talked more of the unfortunate possibilities o omething might tum up. That was a sad mi to the dishonor of our "peace with honor" failure - of evacuation for American~ and cawber self-delusion 10 years ago. To 'cling hoax, but President Ford has contrived to do for Vietnamese - than of anything positive to it now is solipsistic. How can we pretend just that. It is hard to decide whether his his $900 million might be able· to do for the any longer that the warring Vietnamese ..are military request is a devious stratagem or a Sai1on repme. He spoke ooly vquely o.( a aoinl to treat ~ach other better because we straightforward idiocf. Either _way, it contin Sai1on "defense plan," which would lnvol\fe make it possible for them to bQptb and kill ues our deme~ning record. The Wasaiqton Poet Saturday, April 19, 1975 300 More Viet Orph~s Oeared for U.S. Flights By Bill Richards wt.dilldoa !'OM Mart Wrlkr The U.S. Immigrati• and very, especially alter 28 Naturalization S e r vic~ Cambodian children .arrivf'd p-anted approval yestet'W at Dulles Alrpo" on Monda»' wjthout neceeury I for 300 more Viet~e for adoption. Several children to be flown to the dren told interprete-...~.-.... lhl· fo1' adoption undet the still had parents . ina· m dintroversial "OperatiCMJ Ba· CaJnbodia but had en told )Jyltft"Jf'ogram. tla8)' could studY. n the U.S. Vern tervis, a sJ?okfiJDan if tfley board a plane out fbr the Immigration serv· of Phnom Pe on April I. 1 said that questionlJ over ,lt:cording o ImmigraiUINr whether children already see.lce of ials there were brought in under the pro- apParentl no officials in gram are eligible for adop. dW'ge the children when tion will have to be &n· the)' le Phnom Penh on a &Wered by courts in the pl=at was chartereif by !Jtates 'lrhere the children thl' :A&ency for lnttrna· bave been placed in foster ti Development. homes. team of investi~ Jervis said the 300 Vlet- ~nterpretors from AID, namese children auth~ gration and the State Cor lilbaission to the U.& rtment began a series ~ had been~'in the of Jpterviews with aU 28 PIPeline" when Im gration children yesterday to tn to ~ily halted t child- learn whethe they did have rens' flights earli this parents and 'ust haw they "' a.latell Pre week so that the ederaL "' on the fli ht. The cbild· Jtefaree children arrin at Vietnamese Island reiUF- ren are scatt red in fdster He said that In tbe event ageacy could de... ;:.n homes tbroug out the a h· long before their statu of court action ov1 r the whether there had ~ i~ metr olitanj area, cleared up," Olds &aid. adoptable status of the "lrreplalities" in the e r according to oifi9fa!• of e re waiting for 11 eel· @ht!t!ren, tmmigratioa would gency adoJMlon system. a4DAtion aa ncie wbich •loa by Immigration." not take the position that Tbe Vietnamese childJ'ea, handled tbe p ce ents. Leonard F. Chapman Jr., they are inelilible but Jervis .md, were all be Ctiarles B. ld , execu&ive eosnmissioner of the lmai· would just present the find lieved to have been director of th! ierce-War· gntion Service, said Tbur• ings of its investip~. screened and to be legally wick Adoption Agenc!f In day that there is "no evi· The placement nt the adoptable by u.s. parenta. Wallblngton, which pla'eed dence that these (the c.lilbodian and Vietnaldele 'nlelr tl4mittance will briftg rnost of the Cam...,ian C..bodian) children are ddldren drew further criti· the total number of Viet· c~~Ddren, said yesterdaj that adoptable." clam yesterday from three namese and Cambo_dlan three ot· four of th~ youm Yesterday Jervis said that black social service ageaeies children admitted under the under 5 yearl old an Order and gone out April lrom Washington, Detroit emergency program to bad been put in homn :Jl$ 4 to all the ImmigraU.Jl and Chicago. The ageac~ nearly 1,000, the ceiling set •!permanents." ~rvice offices around the cllatged at a press confer· by the U.S. AttQrney Gen· !Tbey are being p~aced cowntry that none of the ence here yesterday that eral earlier this month. where permanence 11 a pos· children admitted under JOOSt of the children in tile Aaked whether the ceiling sibility," said Olds. Most of "Operation Babylfft" would crl)er 1 p•-v~:•·am he will be raised still higher, the oUaen, tle saki, were be be sent back to the Far L Jervll JIBid, "It could be. It In put into homes on a tern· were fathered American would not be out of the pora basis but With par· blacks in Vietnam were be. f'nt who had asked to adopt q..-ttoa."Buthesaidtlu!re ing placed with wblte fallll· baa been no specific requeat 1n mese or Camb6dian yet that It be raised. ' 11ildt en in the past. 1ies hen!. The 8abyllft pregram W think it sbouldn be ~kesmen for the agen. become a source of cont des estimated that at least 3215 of the children ia tbe B.abylift prograJI.I. had black latllers, but few were ~ p)BI)Cd with black famJIIIN. They said they had co~ a list of 40 ·black fandUes ea to tab tbe childr iDoat of them near Detroit satd had little response • nted the li 1 to ad I.~IK:IH handllm: