8606 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March fl~ , 1977 EXTE,NSIONS OF REMARKS NATIONAL AGRICULTURE DAY, Of particular interest to farmers this a "caseload" of as many as four young­ MARCH 21, 1977 year will be provisions in the farm bill sters simultaneously. Indeed, I am grate­ concerning price supports, grain reserves, ful for the St. Paul Dispatch article and disaster payments, agricultural research, the attention paid to this side of the HON. MARC L. MARKS and food aid. Very often consumer and many-sided Dick Long and his numer­ OF PENNSYLVANIA farmer views on these issues differ; the ous good works. His versatility is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES contention revolves around prices paid acknowledged by the fact that he offici­ Monday, March 21, 1977 and received for agricultural goods. I ated at both the winter carnival-and Mr. MARKS. Mr. Speaker, I rise in would encourage each of us this year to we ~re well known for our winters in St. tribute today, National Agriculture Day, carefully consider the best way to first, Paul-and the St. Patrick's Day parade to our Nation's 1 % million farmers and assure farmers a fair and adequate re­ during our salubrious springtime. The farmworkers. Special attention needs to turn in years of less than 100 percent of realization that it snowed on March 17, be paid these fine people this year for the production world market demand-those although the chamber of commerce amazing job they perform. Although this years when overproduction depresses called it sleet, did nothing to quell the group comprises only about 1 % percent prices. Second, we must provide for pro­ enthusiasm of parade participants and of the total work force in the United grams flexible enough to make our agri­ revelers. Truly, Dick Long is a man for States, they successfully produce enough cultural goods competitive on the world all seasons. food to both feed the balance of the U.S. market--our farmers would not benefit The article follows : population-at prices far below those in from overly high loan rates which would LEPRECHAUNS CHAT ON JOHN IRELAND other industrial countries-and export force a return to the era of accumulated BOULEVARD produce and commodities in amounts Government stocks. The United States (By Oliver Towne) valued in excess of $12 billion. As the must remain a prime, not residual, sup­ I was standing on John Ireland Boulevard sixth-ranking growth industry, it would plier of world food needs. Last, we must near the Cathedral and turned to the bear in mind that taxpayers and con­ leprechaun next to me. be fair to say that agriculture is one of "Cead mile falta" (A thousand welcomes) the primary supports of our economic sumers are the ultimate providers of agri­ cultural support-both by taxation and I said. freedom. "Bonjour, monsieur," he said. The year 1977 promises to be a red­ consumption. A balanced agricultural "Wrong language," I said. "You're Irish letter year for the American farmer in a price support plan will a void the ever­ and Thursday is St. Patrick's Day." number of different ways. First, the 1977 escala ting cost of maintaining Govern­ "Non, monsieur," he said. "To coin a farm bill will attempt to reauthorize or ment-held reserves. The consumer could phrase, we French are as Irish as you change traditional agricultural programs not benefit in the long run from expen­ Americans." due to expire at the end of the 1977 crop sive programs which tend to depress "But you've got Bastille Day (July 14) for year. Second, costs of farming are ris­ production. your own. Why muscle in on the Irish?" Again, I would urge thoughtful con­ "Ask the leprechaun next to me, monsieur, ing-land, machinery, fertilizer, feed, s'il vous plait." and so forth. The past few years' de­ sideration of the impact agriculture has "Isn't St. Patrick's Day for the Irish?" I creased profits will be aggravated by this on the American lifestyle today-from said. winter's severe snowstorms in the East the food we eat to the economic implica­ "Ya wohl ... und auch unsere Deutsche," and drought in the Midwest; both will tions for the balance of trade. Depend­ (Yes and also our Germans.) reduce spring crop yields and put an un­ ing on Congress interpretation, we could I turned now to the third leprechaun and bearable strain on the farmer's needed make this year the best yet for our he made the sign of "V" for victory. farmers. "Skol," he said. cash flow. USDA is already predicting "Don't tell me the Irish are really Swed­ further increases in the farm debt; in ish?" I said. 1976 alone it rose 12 percent. DICK LONG, KING OF THE ffiISH "You yust bettcha," he said. "Weren't you Coupled with the issue of how to struc­ here Sunday afternoon when an those Irish ture Federal supports for agricultural men and women came running down Summit production will be the need to consider HON. BRUCE F. VENTO Avenue and this hill in their BVDs?" the cost to United States and foreign "The St. Patrick's Day mini-marathon," OF MINNESOTA I said. consumers of our agricultural commodi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ties. The first group is primarily con­ "Ha," said the Swedish leprechaun. "Yust Monday, March 21, 1977 more of that Irish blarney. cerned with maintenance of low food "Those Irish were being chased by the prices; the latter views U.S. agriculture Mr. VENTO. Mr. Speaker, Mr. Richard Swedes from Minneapolis. We just about in more absolute terms as a reliable Long is one of St. Paul, Minn's., out­ caught them, too." source-either by outright purchases or standing community leaders. He is well "You mean," I said, "that maybe this year in the form of U.S. food aid. known for his many civic activities, in­ I ought to march behind Paul Villaume's The one indisputable fact regarding cluding tenure as Boreas Rex, the 39th, French-Irish banner? Or the Volksfest Asso­ American agriculture is that the United ciation? Or the Svenskarnasdag Sangerfest king of our justly famous annual win­ and Sytennde Mai Society? States must continue to export all that it ter carnival. Of course, that was a great "Oui, monsieur, you would be more Irish," cannot consume if farm income is to honor but I am sure, considering Dick's said the French leprechaun. keep pace with real prices. There has heritage, that he much prefers his cur­ "Gewiss. St. Patrick war ein Deutsche," been a good deal of discussion about re­ rent designation as "Mr. Pat" at St. (Certainly, Patrick was a German), said the turning agriculture to the free-market Paul's well-known St. Patrick's Day pa­ German leprechaun. system and abandoning Government rade. It is an awesome task to preside "Skol," said the Swedish leprechaun. programs. Agricultural support programs over the Irish and the would-be Irish on "If you can find the Snuss Boulevard Buc­ have been in effect in varying forms since St. Patrick's Day; particularly in St. caneers or Payne Avenue Patriots, you'd be the New Deal era of the 1930's; it would Paul. I am sure he was equal to the task. more in the right ethnic if not firing range." realistically appear that some variation In addition to the activities and hon­ I turned to the last leprechaun. of these need to be continued to shield ors listed above, Dick Long has long been "Ah. begorra lad," he said and I rejoiced the agricultural producers from the rav­ because at last I had found a real Irish a volunteer probation officer for the leprechaun. ages of wild price fluctuation. Further­ juvenile court. He has counseled and more, since we must export roughly 60 "Ah, lad, 'tis true what they say. There helped many troubled youth to find their is not one among us who is a true son of percent of our annual production, a place in society, as mentioned in the Eire. We are imposters-all of us." prime Government role might be en­ article below. In addition to Gary Hie­ "But O'Connor, Gallivan and Sweeney, Tim couraging the expansion of foreign mar­ bevt's-Oliver Towne--comments, it O'Gara and Cochran, Connelly and O'Con­ kets for our crops. should be noted that Dick Long handled nel ... names like that." March 22, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8607 "Lad, they're all Spaniards ... you didn't man of the Orange Council, Boy Scouts imaginable-all hills, lots of steps and a hear any of those names used in Ireland until of America, and was named Mr. Hunt­ large number of uncontrolled dogs. .after the wreck of the Spanish Armada in ington Beach in 1972 by the Boy Scouts Over the past 25 years we have had many 1588." carriers, but none can equal the competence "But surely Dick Long, Mr. Pat, is pure 100 for his 30 years of service. of Mr. America. He is acquainted with his per cent green," I said. Furthermore he was chosen man of patrons and makes deliveries promptly and "Lad, Dick Long comes from a long and the year in 1973 by the Huntington Beach properly. In his absence, I have had im­ nomadic ancestory. His compassion and as­ Chamber of Commerce and was com­ portant mail left at many different houses, sistance to boys in trouble as one of our mended by resolution by the California although the mail was properly addressed. most dedicated volunteers to the cause of State Assembly. In addition, Ted Bart­ I feel very secure when I know Mr. America. helping young people find their way certainly is on the route and I am expecting checks is in the footsteps of St. Francis . . . who, lett has been chairman of the Commu­ and valuable items. He handles such articles of course, was from Assisi, which is in Italy." nity Chest in his city, has belonged to the extremely carefully-almost as if he were "The Roman nose and look of the Emperor Elks Lodge, Masonic Lodge, Rotary Club, delivering his own personal possessions. Constantine ... who embraced Christianity," and Toastmasters Club. This employee is truly a gentleman, capa­ I 5a1d. Mr. Bartlett's first service as a mem­ ble and dedicated and is a credit to the "But also ... remember he sells Cadillacs ber of the City Council of Huntington Postal Service. You are indeed fortunate in and Cadillac is French . . . for the town of Beach was in 1944, when he won his first having a person of his high caliber in your Cadillac in southwestern France near Bor­ election. He sat out a term, served 4 more employ. deaux," said the green leprechaun. Thank you. "Then. maybe he is really French." years in the mid-1950's and then re­ Sincerely, "Oui, 11 est Franca.is (he is French),'· said turned to the city council in 1966. He BLANCHE M. PANELLA. the little Bastille leprechaun. has won reelection each 4 years since "You don't hear the name of Long until then and will complete his 20 years as a after the invasion of Ireland by the Scandi­ councilman early in 1978. navians with help from the Schleswig-Hol­ It is with a sense of deep appreciation STICK WITH FREE TRADE s teiners." the green one said. for the type of public-spirited service "Skol," said the Swedish leprechaun. Ya wohl," said the German leprechaun. that men of Ted Bartlett's caliber give to HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI "How did Long ever get to Scandinavia?" their home communities that I rise to I said. bring his extraordinary accomplishments OF ILLINOIS "How did anybody get anywhere then . . . to the attention of this honorable body. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES by Cadillac, what else?" I am sure all will join me in saluting Ted, Tuesday, March 22, 1977 He took something out of a plastic wrap- his wife Alice of 32 years, his two chil­ per with the words: "Erin go braghshalom.' dren and three grandchildren, as the Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, some It was a big, kelly green bagel. citizens of Huntington Beach gather to years ago, legislation to permit the "I see what you mean," I said. executive branch to negotiate broader "What you wee fellows are trying to say, honor a man of outstanding character I believe, ls that there won't be an Irishman and old-fashioned service to the city of trade agreements with other nations was in Thursday's St. Patrick's Day Parade up Huntington Beach. dramatized by the slogan, "Trade not Sixth street and down Fourth?" I suggested. Aid." Personally, I believe that this is "Starting with that Swede sheriff," said sound philosophy now as it was then. the little fellow from Eire. Therefore, I look with alarm upon the U.S. POSTAL SERVICE growing pressure for neoisolationism and at the short-term exponents of protec­ tionism who are attempting to distort TRIBUTE TO TED W. BARTLETT HON. GLADYS NOON SPELLMAN U.S. trade policy. OF MARYLAND The Chicago Daily News of March 16 HON. ROBERT E. BADHAM IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES carried a very forceful editorial that ef­ fectively supports. the case for free trade. OF CALIFORNIA Tuesday, March 22, 1977 The article follows: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mrs. SPELLMAN. Mr. Speaker, at a STICK WITH FREE TRADE Monday, March 21, 1977 time when seldom is heard an encour­ Alarming recommendations are streaming Mr. BADHAM. Mr. Speaker, I would aging word about the U.S. Postal Serv­ out of the U.S. International Trade Commis­ like to call the attention of my col­ ice, it is a great pleasure for me to share sion, and they give cause for concern among with my colleagues an unsolicited trib­ consumers overburdened by rising prices as leagues to the extensive, dedicated, and well as more cosmic thinkers who take it as · selfless service to the city of Huntington ute to one of the messengers who is deterred by "neither rain n01 snow nor an article of faith that free trade promotes Beach, Calif., made by my friend Ted W. international good will. Bartlett, who will complete 20 years as sleet" from his "appointed rounds." In recent days the trade commission has a member of the Huntington Beach City Postman Rickie America contends called for: Council this year and whose signal ac­ not only with the elements but with a An increase in tariffs on shoes from 1 O per complishments on behalf of his fellow jifficult route that is made up of "all cent to 40 per cent on all imports above the citizens will be honored at a testimonial hills, lots of steps, and a large number 1974 level. of uncontrolled dogs." In spite of the An increase in tariffs on television sets dinner, Thursday night, March 24:. from 5 per cent to 25 per cent for two years, Mr. Bartlett, a native of Oakes, N. obstacles, Mr. America was commended by Mrs. Blanche M. Panella, a resident down to 20 per cent for two more and 10 per Dak., came to Huntington Beach 49 years cent for a fifth year. ago and has since that time enjoyed the on his ·route, for making deliveries A cut in the import quota for sugar from friendship and respect of all those whose "promptly and properly." the present 7 mlllion tons annually to a lives he has touched as an old breed of She' also praised him for handling maximum of 4.4 million tons. free enterprise small businessmen. checks and valuable items "extremely This ls protectionism rampant, perhaps on At times, Mr. Bartlett's tiny, one-man carefully-almost as if he were deliver:. a scale larger than anything since the 1930s, ing his own personal possessions." when a world sorely afllicted by high tariffs service station in the center of Hunting­ and severe quotas began moving toward freer ton Beach, once a small, bustling oil I would like to take this opportunity to join in commending Postman Rickie. trade to help pull itself out of the Depres­ boomtown and now a thriving metropo­ sion. lis of 150,000 residents, served as a sec- The correspondence f onows: In each case the commission justified its . ond city hall, because Ted Bartlett was POSTMASTER, actions by ruling that domestic industries never too busy serving his customers at ·U.S. Postal Service, Adelphi Branch, Uni­ were being damaged by the foreign compe­ the gas pump to take time out for city versity Boulevard, Adelphi, Md. tition. Not unfair competition, just compe­ or civic affairs. DEAR Sm: I have read and heard so much tition. The point ls demonstrable statis­ about the failure of the Postal Service to tically, and we don't take issue with it. But During the 49 out of his 75 years spent perform adequately, I feel in all sincerity another point that needs to be stressed is in Huntington Beach, Ted Bartlett was I must write you of one of your employees that 220 million American consumers would mayor for 2 years, president of the cham­ who does a most remarkable job. This gen­ pay to protect the jobs of a comparative few, ber of commerce, where he holds the tleman's name is Mr. Rickie America, and if the recommendations are put into effect. longest single membership. He was chair- he has one of the most difficult routes To cite only one example, the higher tariffs cxxrII--542-Part 7 8608 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 2 ·~, 1977 would raise the price of the average imported amendment. Our contribution to equal 1976, far better than the 189 increase tn television set from $308 to $364. rights legislation did not end on that day 1975. It ls true, as we have said, that foreign Jan. 1 Net Aban- countries engage in unfair practices, out­ in 1972 when this Congress passed the 1977 gain doned lawed by international agreement. The Jap­ proposed 27th amendment to the Con­ stitution. We must speak out on behalf Airports ------11, 555 331 199 anese are accused of dumping-selling TV Heliports ------1,674 150 83 sets at home at a far higher price than they of all Americans. The equal rights Stolports ------41 6 0 are sold abroad, with the difference rebated amendment is a measure whose spirit Seaplane 500 32 14 to the exporter by the Japanese government. has always dwelled amidst us, but whose ------If the charge was made to stick, and the sup­ letter in the law is long overdue. Total 13,770 519 296 porting evidence in this case ls strong, the ------United States could justifiably raise the tariff This means that 815 landing places were by the amount of the subsidy. But the trade opened in 1976 for the net gain stated, com­ commission shuffied this issue aside in favor AID TO PRIVATE AIRPORTS pared with 438 in 1975, topping the 1974 total of a wholesale boost. of 786. Among the 199 airports abandoned, If the commission's recommendatlons--on 61 were publicly owned and 138 private. TV sets, on shoes, on sugar-are put into ef­ HON. BARRY M. GOLDWATER, JR. Here are the totals for public and private fect, they would invite retaliation by other ownership. governments against products America sells OF CALIFORNIA Publ!l.c abroad. This should be of critical concern IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ownership Gain everywhere, but especially in Ill1nols, the largest exporting state in the Union. Tuesday, March 22, 1977 Airports ------4, 136 41 Heliports ------333 46 President Carter has 60 days to accept or Mr. GOLDWATER. Mr. Speaker, the Stolports ------2 0 reject the recommendations, then Congress number of privately owned U.S. airports Sea.plane ------196 7 can overrule him if he doesn't go along with open to public use has declined since the commission. We hope both stand fast for Total ------4, 661 94 fair, free trade. 1971. There was a net loss of 104 in 1975 and 80 in 1976. As a result, many small Private communities are cut from air service ownership Gain vital to their progress. In addition, large Airports ------7, 419 290 cities have lost reliever fields that di­ Heliports ------1, 341 104 RATIFICATION OF THE EQUAL verted light planes from congested air Stolports ------39 6 RIGHTS AMENDMENT hubs. Sea.plane ------304 25 This is a dangerous trend that has far­ Total ------9, 103 425 reaching implications for civil aviation HON. MARY ROSE OAKAR in this country. Commercial aviation is a The number of airports with runways over 6,000 feet increased by 56. The heliport gain OF OHIO resource for world leadership, a fact that of 150, compared with 94 in the previous IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is not lost on the Soviet Union, which is year, reflects the increasing use of helicopters Tuesday, March 22, 1977 expanding its civil aviation fleet. for executive flying. Only 214 of the 1,674 As nothing is done to stop the decline, heliports were open to public use and 170 Ms. OAKAR. Mr. Speaker, I have taken many more private fields are endangered. were lighted. this time today to bring attention to the Last year a survey made at my request Upgrading of airports continued ln paving current ratification status of the pro­ by the Federal Aviation Administrati.on and lighting. posed equal rights amendment. On this showed that 73 airports in the national Jan. 1 Ga.in day, 5 years ago, the Congress passed this aviation system plan in 17 States, includ­ Paved ------4,065 122 proPQsed constitutional amendment-­ ing 15 big-city relievers, were threatened both Houses voting overwhelmingly in its with closing. Lighted ------3,302 109 favor. Today, however, the amendment is Unlighted ------763 13 stalled. Thirty-five State legislatures In the drafting of the 1976 Airport­ Unpaved ------7, 490 209 have voted favorably on the equal rights Airway Act, I and others urged amend­ amendment. The measure requires rati­ ments to extend ADAP funds, now open Lighted ------886 34 fication by three additional States. We, as to publicly owned airports, to the pri­ Unlighted ------6, 604 175 vately owned public-use fields in the na­ Total landing places by States as of Jan- Members of Congress, must work vigor­ uary 1 and changes in 1976 were: ously for the adoption of the equal rights tional aviation system plan. Action was amendment. As Representatives of all the def erred pending a survey to be reported Alabama ------131 2 people of the land, both male and female, next year, but it seems to me that we Ala.ska ------762 -7 we must speak out for equality of rights know enough to proceed now. Arizona ------202 6 under law. This year I introduced a bill, H.R. 374, Arkansas ------166 l to achieve this objective. The urgency is California. ------804 23 An equal rights amendment has been Colorado ------255 25 a. congressional issue for more than 40 clearly shown by the FAA's annual air­ Connecticut ------104 13 years. Even today, after the Congress has port figures, which were tabulated in the Delaware ------32 moved favorably on this amendment, we March issue of Airport Services Manage­ District of Columbia______16 are faced with related equal rights legis­ ment, a professional airport magazine, Florida ------391 36 in a report by Col. Kendall K. Hoyt, its Georgia ------262 14 lation of every juncture. Our legislative senior editor in Washington. I commend Hawaii ------51 4 tasks require the fine fine tuning of em­ this article to the attention of the Na­ Ida.ho ------187 6 ployment acts, civil rights acts, educa­ tion and my colleagues as fallows: Illinois ------867 3.6 tion acts as well as health and taxation Indiana ------293 56 U.S. LANDING PLACES STILL GAIN-BUT AIR­ legislation-all with respect to prohibi­ Iowa ------250 9 PORTS OPEN TO PUBLIC USE DECLINE Kansas ------334 16 tion of discriminaion on the basis of sex. (By Kendall K. Hoyt) Kentucky ------90 3 Mr. Speaker, it is my belief that rati­ Once more, FAA's annual figures show a Louisiana ------280 -1 fication of the equal rights amendment gain in the total of U.S. landing places. The Maine ------162 1 will be an aid in the expediting of legis­ gain is largely in small private fields and Maryland ------135 7 lation that comes before this House. It helipads This shows increased use of light Massachusetts ------141 2 will eliminate the time spent on debate aircraft in rural areas and helicopters around Michigan ------421 21 cities. Minnesota ------312 11 and amendment of bills with regard to Mississippi ------148 3 sexual discrimination. More imPortantly. But it is our unhappy task again to t.~n you, as others heretofore have r.ot done, that Missouri ------358 15 ratification of the equal rights amend­ the number of airports open to public use Montana ------172 5 301 5 ment will reemphasize America's com­ continues to decline, a serious handicap to Nebraska. ------mitment to equality of rights under law. Nevada ------118 5 future flying. New Hampshire ------67 -1 I urge my colleagues to continue their First the totals. Landing places as o! Jan. 1, New Jersey______239 17 efforts on behalf of the equal rights 1977, rose to 13,770, a gain of 519 during New Mexico______139 5 March 22, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8609 New York ______496 8 letlns though NBAA did try to alert its 4. Expand the U.S. Bicentennial covered North Carolina ______251 14 members. Federal action awaits a survey wagon train idea to include Latin American North Dakota ______209 11 ordered by Congress in the 1976 Airport Act. oxcarts (various styles), northern dog teams Ohio ------558 10 FAA gave the study contract to a minOll'ity (pulling wagons rather than sleds), Red Oklahoma ------285 8 firm to report next year. River Carts, and other colorful historic Oregon ------286 9 Efforts to authorize ADAP funds for private means of travel. Load them on specially Pennsylvania ------644 35 fields failed last year in Congress. Now Con­ built highway trucks for fast travel through Rhode Island ______22 4 gressman Goldwater has reintroduced a bill sparsely populated areas. Include popular ed­ South Carolina ______123 7 to this end in hope of getting hearings. ucational or tourist information features for South Dakota ______131 6 caravaner participants, an improvement over Tennessee ------132 4 the Bicentennial wagon trains. Texas ------­ 1,217 4 5. VVlth the aid of multi-media (including 90 QUINCENTENNIAL CELEBRATION closed circuit TV) build into some of these Utah ------OF THE AMERICAS Vermont ------­ 61 -1 caravans a TRAVELLING UNIVERSITY OF Virginia ------240 10 THE AMERICAS offering both non-credit VVashington ------334 27 courses and credit courses leading to a selec­ VVest Virginia ______58 7 HON. J. WILLIAM ST ANTON tion of DA, Doctor of Americas, degrees. VVisconsin ------­ 321 18 OF omo Graduates would have taken a number of VVyoming ------90 2 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES their upper class courses in-transit and on­ Puerto Rico ______23 -2 slte with local lecturers to gain a compre­ 15 Tuesday, March 22, 1977 hensive Pa.n American mastery in their re­ VirginSP ------Islands ______4 Mr. STANTON. Mr. Speaker, the re­ spective fields of specialization in under• cent celebration of our Bicentennial has standing our New VVorld hemisphere. Total------13,770 519 left as it.s mark a more united America. This is merely a few examples of the Something might be learned. Why, for This event has rejuvenated the cherished example, 1s Illinois second only to Texas in many possible events for such an impor­ landing places? Better rural use of aircraft values and beliefs upon which our coun­ tant celebration. seems to ha. ve been developed here than in try was founded. Its success speaks for There are many social, political, and any other state. Someone must be doing itself. economic advantages to such a cere­ something rlght. Yet another historic event will soon be mony. This would provide a chance for VVe have pointed this out year after year. upon us. In 1992, it will have been 500 all countries of Pan America to work, The idea seems to have spread into the years since Christopher Columbus set learn, compete athletically, and celebrate neighboring state of Indian.a.? Otherwise, who foot on America, an anniversary which together; a truly unifying experience. I bothers to inquire? The writer wonders if must not go unnoticed. We must plan for there ls any point in the annual eye-strain hope that serious plans for such a cele­ of preparing these figures. an unparalleled celebration in com­ bration will win the approval of all memoration of the founding of our great Members of Congress, as well as all the THE VANISHING AIRPORTS land. Never before in history have so Anyhow, after viewing the above plusses, people of the Americas. let us look at the minus side. Year by year, many people, with such a rich diversity FAA brings the glad tidings that the number of backgrounds, over so vast a geographi­ of landing places has gained; then the avia­ cal extent had so much in common to tion associations and papers blithely report celebrate; 500 years of opportunity to AMERICANS CAN'T FEED EVERYONE that airports have increased, not the same build a new world in a new hemisphere. thing. A plan for the quincentennial celebra­ Of major concern are the airports open to tion of the Americas has been submitted public use. That ls where most of the traffic HON. PAUL FINDLEY ls and they have been on a decline since 1971 to me by a Mr. David Larson of Ashta­ OF ll.LINOIS when growth stopped after many years of bula, Ohio. He proposes having a variety IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES healthy gains. A net loss of 15 public-use of activities over the decade from 1982 airports followed in 1972, 39 in 1973, 36 in through 1992. These activities are aimed Tuesday, March 22, 1977 1974, 85 in 1975, and 44 in 1976. to unify and provide a forum for under­ Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, the Feb­ Public-use airports privately owned lost standing the various cultures which exist ruary 1977 issue of Grain Producers 70 in 1974, 104 in 1975, and 80 in 1976. Here on the American continent. The events News carried a brief article, entitled are the trends. cover a large spectrum. It has been sug­ Change in "Americans Can't Feed Everyone." I Jan. 1 '76 '75 '74 gested that the decade include events wholeheartedly share the sentiments ex­ Public ------3, 979 36 19 34 such as the following: pressed in this article. U.S. food hand­ Private ------2,414 -80 -104 -70 LISTS OF EVENTS outs abroad will not solve the world food 1. Open the decade with a Pan American problem. Ultimately, the food-deficit 6, 393 -44 -85 -36 relay foot race from Prudhoe Bay, Alaska, countries will have to solve their own The number of abandonments was of to Punta Arenas, Chile, on the Strait of food problems; and their best hope for course higher than these net figures, mostly Magellan (the world's southernmost city, doing this is to embrace the market among small fields but including 31 over approximately 16,000 miles. A race covering price system which made American agri­ 3,000 feet of which 3 were in the 4,000-to- 40 miles per day (four participants from each culture preeminent in the world. I com­ 5,000 class and 3 over 5,000. country running ten miles each) would take The drop in private fields includes some 400 days plus Sundays and holldays. Start­ mend this article to the attention of my that went to public ownership. But most are ing in the summer, it would be scheduled to colleagues: lost never to be replaced. There is no set end October 12 the following year. VVith each AMERICANS CAN'T FEED EVERYONE policy to save fields by public purchase, as running for one week on alternate days there There are those who say people in their there once was in the FAA Airports Service. would be about 530 participants from each parts of the world are hungry because Amer.. Since 1960, the writer has been dlng­ country for a total of about 15,000 contest­ leans eat too much . . donglng about vanishing airports especially ants, enough to generate keen interest It's true that many Americans eat too ai1i big cities. FAA's figures showed only those throughout the hemisphere. much for their own good health. But they that were gone. VVhat was needed was a list 2. Re-enact Columbus' first voyage of dis­ aren't taking food from mouths of the of those endangered that might be saved. covery August 3-0ctober 12, 1992, using rep­ world's hungry. Americans are able to eat La.st year, by aid of Congressman Barry licas of the Santa Maria, Nina and Pinta in­ more because the efficiency of U.S. agricul­ M. Goldwater, Jr., we got the list through corporating modern materials, safety flota­ ture makes more food available to them. a quick survey by FAA offices. It showed that tion, two-way radio and motor power to keep That same efficiency helps alleviate hunger 73 NASP airports in 17 states were in trouble; the ships on schedule. in the world. told why, in ea.ch case; and stated how much 3. Organize a ten year program of intra­ The U.S. cannot literally feed all those who was needed to save ea.ch salvagable field to a Amertcan cross cultural, cross economic and need more food. But it can point the way total of $158 milllon including $65 mllllon social class exchange visits for all levels of toward solving food problems right where for Burbank. Most were privately owned, a our society (subsidized where needed?) not they exist. The roadblock in too many in­ big loss among 400-odd such fields in the limited to heads of states, the diplomatic stances ls failure of "Third World" govern.. NASP. corps, and top level management in indus­ ments to encourage adaptation of U.S. farm­ These facts seemed enough to start a try and business. A plan for matching U.S. ing technology to local situations. rescue program. But the aviation groups gave and Canadian cities with similar sized Latin The following quotes from an article by little more than a mention in their bul- American cities might be considered. syndicated columnist Patrick Buchanan pro- 8610 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 22, 1977 vides ammunition for response to charges tions are the duty system, the sleep-in just now becoming available by which the U.S. is to blame for world malnutrition, system, van-type ambulances, and a Congress can assess its progress. hunger, starvation. squad truck for heavy rescue. In addi­ Testimony on April 4 will focus on "Over the years, this nation has poured more than $25 billion into Food for Peace, tion, the LVRS has done remarkably well three subjects: First, the need to assess a record unmatched in history. America's in international competition, a testi­ the cost-effectiveness of the program; farmers, one-tenth of one percent of all man­ mony to its superior abilities. I would second, the status of implementation and kind, are helping now to feed a fourth of all like to stress that the squad has al ways the forces impeding its progress and mankind ... depended a great.deal on the talents of third, a discussion of several evaluations "The reason we Americans are well fed is its women members, who have won four of the program. There have been delays because American farmers are free. They are international championships. Because of in implementing the program and ob­ allowed to own their own land, to raise and its outstanding performance record, the stacles preventing it from becoming fully produce what they wish, to sell to the high­ est bidder. In the Third World, this may be Laurel Volunteer Rescue Squad regularly effective. considered the essence of a corrupt system, entertains officials of similar organiza­ The second day of hearings will ad­ but it has the advantage that it works. With tions from all across the country, who dress a specific problem in health care only a tiny percentage of our population left make their pilgrimage to find out :first­ review-the relationships among the on the farms, Americans a.re among the best hand exactly what makes the Laurel numerous Government health care re­ fed people in the world. squad one of the best in the Nation. view program. Testimony will suggest "The Third World has two choices. It can There is no question in my mind that how the review programs may be dupli­ have its anti-Western bigotry, its anti-capi­ people who volunteer their time and en­ cative, overlap in jurisdiction and place talist ideology, its anti-American rhetoric-­ or it can solve its food problem by imitating ergy almost invariably bring a greater undue burden on insurance companies the United States instead of call1ng us degree of vitality and dedication to pub­ and hospitals. names." lic service, and nowhere are there better examples of this fact than the hundreds of men and women who have worked LAUREL VOLUNTEER RESCUE tirelessly to make the Laurel Volunteer IMPACT AID SHOULD NOT BE CUT SQUAD Rescue Squad the fine organization which it is today. As a neighbor and as HON. MARJORIE S. HOLT a friend, and on behalf of all of Laurel's HON. GLADYS NOON SPELLMAN citizens and the Members of the United OF MARYLANO OF MARYLAND States Congress, I would like to extend IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES my deepest gratitude and appreciation Tuesday, March 22, 1977 Tuesday, March 22, 1977 to these people for making the world a Mrs. HOLT. Mr. Speaker, every year safer place in which to live. Mrs. SPELLMAN. Mr. Speaker, in the Congress becomes embroiled in a I particularly wish to salute Chief fight to restore Federal impact aid to the March of 1952, a small group of men and Alexander who has now retired after 25 women in Laurel, Md., founded the budget after a President has proposed years of sterling leadership of this out­ cuts in this program. And every year Laurel Volunteer Rescue Squad which standing organization. Godspeed, chief! on March 26 of this year will celebrate hundreds of local school districts have ·its 25th year of continuous service to trouble planning their budgets, because the citizens of its community. I know they are uncertain how much impact aid that my colleagues in the Congress, no HEARINGS ANNOUNCED ON PRO­ will be forthcoming. This is a very in­ strangers to the difficult and often thank­ FESSIONAL STANDARDS REVIEW efficient way to operate at both the Fed­ less demands of public service, will want ORGANIZATIONS eral and local levels. to Join me in extending congratulations But this year is no exception. The :fiscal and best wishes to the dedicated mem­ 1978 Federal budget prepared by Presi­ bers of the Laurel Volunteer Rescue HON. FORTNEY H. (PETE) STARK dent Ford and revised by President Car­ Squad. OF CALIFORNIA ter would cut approximately $300 million The fledgling rescue squad filled a vital IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES from the funding for impact aid. And need in the sparsely populated, but fast­ Tuesday, March 22, 1977 those of us representing school districts growing area where it was not uncom­ that depend on such aid are working very mon for accident victims to wait dan­ Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, Chairman diligently to have such aid restored to gerously long periods before trained help SAM M. GIBBONS, of Florida, of the Ways the budget. arrived. Recognizing that dedicated peo­ and Means Oversight Subcommittee to­ Meanwhile, local school districts won­ ple would have to :fill the gap, Mr. James day announced hearings for April 4 and der and wait, forced to plan their own Alexander, who became the squad's first 6 to discuss the progress of the Profes­ budgets for the next fiscal year without and only chief during these past two and sional Standards Review Organization­ knowing how much will be available from a half decades, joined with a few con­ PSRO-program and its relationship this source. In my own State of Mary­ cerned citizens to establish the volunteer with the various government health util­ land, the cuts proposed by Presidents rescue squad-the third independent ization review programs. Representa­ Ford and Carter would take $2.8 million squad to be incorporated in the State of tive FORTNEY H. "PETE" STARK, of Cali­ from Prince Georges County, $2.6 mil­ Maryland. Although under:financed and fornia, will chair the 2-day hearings. lion from Anne Arundel County, $771,881 underequipped, the squad was certainly Both days of hearings will begin at 9 from Baltimore City, and varying not lacking in desire or manpower. In­ a.m. in the Ways and Means Committee amounts from other school districts. deed, Chief Alexander has remarked that main hearing room on the first floor of It is important to understand the pur­ the most difficult task he faced during the Longworth House Office Building. On pose of impact aid. It is designed to com­ those first few years was not that of April 4, witnesses will include repre­ pensate local school districts where Fed­ reaching victims as quickly as possible, sentatives of the General Accounting Of­ eral activities have a large impact on but rather it was :figuring out how to :fit fice, the Institute of Medicine, and the school enrollments. It recognizes a Fed­ 50 squad members into one ambulance. Bureau of Quality Assurance of the Pub­ eral responsibility to help local school Amazingly, from that inauspicious be­ lic Health Service. Witnesses on April 6 districts carry the cost burden imposed ginning, the Laurel Volunteer Rescue will include representatives from several by Federal activities. Squad has gone on to become nationally Government agencies and the health Presidents from both political parties recognized as one of the finest organiza­ profession. have been trying to cut impact aid for tions of its kind in the United States. Created by Congress in the Social Se­ many years, because there are some During these past 25 years, the LVRS curity Amendments of 1972, PSRO's are inequities inherent in the formula. It has been credited with many innovations mandated to review health expenditures should be revamped, but it surely would which have helped volunteer squads for services provided under medicare, not be easy for some 375 to 400 school across the Nation improve their effec­ medicaid, and maternal and child health districts to lose this aid during the :fiscal tiveness and which surely have helped programs. The PSRO program has not year. save many lives. Among these innova- been fully implemented and results are Soon after I came to Congress 4 years March 2·2, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8611 ago and started to wrestle with this prob­ and check your luggage to cross continent; to choose to fly between two specific points­ lem, I introduced legislation that I be­ cities large and small, or to connect to the in both directions-for a given time period. lieve would provide a better system to Mideast, Scandinavia or New Zealand. Jacksonville now is connected to 135 cities. compensate federally impacted areas. I Their network joins 58,000 pairs CY! cities Most give you multiple choice of arrival and in the United States alone. departure times. But only five of those 135 have reintroduced it in this session under Today you can get there from here. cities could remotely be considered ap­ the designation H.R. 931. But what about tomorrow? proaching a traffic-sustaining figure: It would require Federal payments in That is a question concerning us all in Atlanta, 68,000 round trip passengers in lieu of property taxes to local govern­ aviation. And it is one With which the pub­ one year-your highest-traveled city paiT; ments where Federal property is located. lic-particularly you, the business leaders New York, 65,000; Miami, 47,000; Chicago, The Federal payment would be equal to whose travel needs are heavy and, often, in­ 24,000; and Washington, D.C., 23,000. the amount of taxes that would be owed stantaneous--would be especially concerned. Generally, . minimum ideal service is There are those who optimistically regard judged to be two nonstop flights in both if the property were privately owned. the ·airline deregulation bills now before Con­ directions. Using our smallest equipment, Mr. Speaker, there are obvious advan­ gress as leading inevitably to cheaper fa.res a Boeing 727 with 107 seats, we require about tages to this kind of approach. It would and good-for-all. But they could wake up 47,500 round trip passengers a year between be relatively easy to administer. Its fair­ waiting for a bus in their hometown and two cities to maintain such service with ness would not be in doubt, because it wondering where their airlines went. load factors profitable for our industry. would be compensating local govern­ The advocates of current proposed deregu­ These load factors-percentage of seats ments for Federal removal of property lation bills have not only misre·ad the statis­ occupied-would not be so high as to deny from their tax bases. And it would be a tics, they are navigating a faulty-and what service to the communities on peak days could be for the public, fatal--course. and during peak periods. dependable source of local revenue, not For it's not only so-called "small" commu­ Only two of your cities-in that critical subject to the annual whims of Presi­ nities which could lose their present account­ index-exceed that figure. How big a rush dents and Congresses. able _service. It threatens many medium size do you, an astute businessman, think there However, the enactment of payment ones as well, and probably certain major Will be to establish routes into your city? in lieu of taxes is in doubt, so we must cities, too. There aire changes in the industry we make do with the present system. Im­ Perhaps you feel secure in a city the size would like to see come about-faster deci­ pact aid should not be cut until a fair of Jacksonville. sions on route applications and fare re­ After all, it is a banking-business-insur­ quests, for example. These past lags appear and equitable system to replace it is ance heart of our state. It's big. It's impor­ to be closing somewhat. But the system it­ enacted. · tant. Certainly important to National, and self works. It is stm conceded to be-by we have no plans to give it anything but both sides of the issue-the best air trans­ more importance in the future. It is also a portation system in the world. THE HISTORY OF NATIONAL AIR­ city With political strength. . ours is not the only industry currently LINES IN JACKSONVILLE, FLA. Jacksonville would seem a logical city in facing proposals of regulatory reform. Some line for the burst of airline competition of those proposals would affect many of the which deregulation proponents say Will be industries you here represent, specifically, HON. CHARLES E. BENNETT unleashed as soon as the present system is banking and insurance. OF FLORIDA put aside for the new one of "free entry." But our industry-airlines-is more visible IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES That is, any airline may fly into any market than most. And so it has had more political it desires. When and how depends upon the pressure and public exposure. Tuesday, March 22, 1977 legislation proposed. Most of the proposals assume that air fares There would be a rush to the most profit­ are too high, and that more competition Mr. BENNETT. Mr. Speaker, recently, able routes under "free entry." would bring lower ones. Mr. L. B. Maytag, president of National Recent studies by the Government Ac­ Neither is true. Airlines, addressed the Jacksonville counting Office saying most of the airline­ In a 15-year period ending in 1975, the Chamber of Commerce. His interesting cited endangered cities are served by two or average price to fly one mile on a U.S. airline comments detail the city of Jackson­ more carriers-therefore do not face loss of rose only one-fourth as much as the con­ ville's early connection with the aviation service-don't hold realistic water. sumer price index. industry and with National Airlines in In a rush for profit, two cannot only live, Open competition-as proposed-cannot but can drop routes, as cheaply as one. Not manufacture a miracle of low fares. Costs are particular and discussed current prob­ only could but probably would. Fierce com­ not going down to allow this to happen. Not lems facing the industry: petition on major routes would financially the price of fuel. Not landing fees. Not pro­ REMARKS BY L. B. MAYTAG demand it. Airlines could not afford to do duction or operating costs. Not equipment. Thirty-eight years ago, National Airlines­ otherwise in their fierce battles for survival. And those are the constants in our industry. and Jacksonville--quietly made some avia­ Under the current system, airlines are re­ A more realistic result would be cutthroat tion history. quired to provide service to all types of competition. Smaller, financially weaker car­ It concerned a 93-mile stretch of sky be­ routes in a network of public responsibility. riers would go under, leaving the field to tween here and Daytona Beach. The profits of one help offset the losses of the larger airlines and whatever prices they may National wanted to fly it. other. eventually set. It would unite what was then two separate But, say that system were-m.istakenly­ Alleged fare benefits are being vastly over­ airline routes for National. One out of Jack­ marked "Void." stated in this debate. Deregulation propo­ sonville touching four sta.tes to New Orleans. Airlines would go down the list of statis­ nents are ignoring the vital question of a The other out of our home base at the time­ tics to learn which cities have the most total, integrated air transport system with St. Petersburg-down as far as Mia.ml and traffic, plus the highest yield. These are all the working parts depending upon the jack rabbiting across the State via five other the ones they want to serve. other. cities to Daytona. What of Jacksonv11le? Our bottom line becomes increasingly im­ That 93-mile link could tie it all together. According to the most cuNent CAB data portant today. Airlines must interest lending It became the first route case to be heard for a 12-month period, Jacksonvme Js 46th institutions whose doors are now temporarily before a fledgling board created by the U.S. in the nation for most passengers boarded closed-due in no small part to the cloudy Government to bring a new industry-com­ in the U.S.-about 1.2 mlllion people. That's future of regulatory reform. For they must mercial flying-out of Chaos: over-competi­ between Norfolk, Va.-45th-and West Palm plan now for long term equipment purchases. tion, accident-prone and generally adoles­ Beach-47th. While we at National are in favorable posi­ cent behavior. But in city pairs, it's another matter. tion with one of the most modern fleets in This gangling industry had a lot of talent. In traffic between Jacksonville and any other the business-DC !Os and Boeing 727s, with But it needed a direction and family ties­ city in the nation, you stand 144th. That's no new aircraft on order-the industry's need coordination of these Hatflelds and McCoys­ correct: 144th. There are 143 cities ahead for new equipment is vital and just around to build a network into which the public of you with more traffic prospects to lure the corner. an airline. That's a long line. could directly tune. Aviation could then National has applied for several new routes, reach its full value. For under the proposed system of deregu­ including permission to fly directly from The board was called the Civil Aviation lation, the emphasis is on fewer destinations, Miami to Paris. Last week the CAB granted fewer flights and fewer empty seats. It is Authority at the time-1939. It is called the us the authority. We will be the first U.S. flag CAB--Civil Aeronautics Board today. designed to move greater masses of people at lower prices. carrier operating between those gateways, Sinpe receiving that route award, Nation­ benefiting all Florida and the Southern tier al has grown-to a 12,000-mile route struc­ The emphasis is on high volume traffic states. ture serving 15 States and London. flow to keep those seats filled. We speak of our traffic flows in this in­ A bilateral treaty permitting such route And the U.S. aviation system has grown. dustry in a peculiar concept. It is called entry already exists between France and the You can walk up to any ticket counter of origination and destination traffic. That ts U.S. We begin service June 22 with four any U.S. Interstate airline, book your ticket simply adding up all those people who flights a week. 8612 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 22, 1977 It is a route which will assist Jacksonville REASONS TO CURB TV VIOLENCE tube. A child development survey found thM business travelers who frequently fiy to Eu­ 25 percent of youngsters 7 to 10 years old rope and the Mideast. said they were afraid of "TV programs where There have been a lot of changes both people fight and shoot guns," suggesting a for National and for Jacksonville since we HON. WILLIAM A. STEIGER relationship between violent TV programs first began service here. It's always interest­ OF WISCONSIN and children's fears. Nicholas Zill, the psy­ ing to look back. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES chologist in charge of the survey, said the findings reinforced the belief that TV vio­ It was a cold, gray morning in 1934 when Tuesday, March 22. 1977 National first landed here. It was a Monday­ lence should be curbed in some "big way," November 19th. Mr. STEIGER. Mr. Speaker, depiction not merely with a "family hour or 'Sesame The plane was a Ryan. A fat, rumbling Street.'" of violence reached an alltime high on In addition, the Parent Teachers Associa­ monoplane which would have given today's television last year. This is a problem environmentalists acute seizures. But it had tion, the National Citizens Committee on its moments. It was the type aircraft which which should concern all of us. Broadcasting, and the American Medical took Lindbergh to Paris. More and more, we are hearing of the Association all have joined the campaign And on pleasant weekends, Jacksonville negative effects on children, and on against TV violence. And a recent Gallup residents lined the field-sometimes several adults as well, that these televised de­ poll found over 70 percent of the public in hundred at a , time-to watch thiis and its favor of picturing violence only after 10 pictions bring about. The amount of at­ p.m. later cousins take off and land. tention being directed to this problem is Aviation was that new. Inevitably this strong sentiment consti­ encouraging. As a parent, I know I am tutes an infiuence on the advertisers who There were no passengers that first day. increasingly concerned about the pro­ sponsor shows containing excessive violence. Just a load of mail, for which Uncle Sam According to Advertising Age, some large ac­ was paying 28 cents a mile. That was the fi­ grams offered by the networks. TOM RAILSBACK'S resolution, which I counts already are refusing to be associated nancial base of airlines. with such shows. That Monday was the first time National am cosponsoring, is a positive step in the All of which is a strong indication that flew that 93-mlle link from Daytona. It took effort to reduce televised violence with­ awareness of the situation ls on the increase, nearly an hour. Ryans flew at 135 miles per out interfering with first amendment that opposition to unbridled violence is hour. Incredible speed in those days. rights. Another congressional action on gathering momentum, that public concern is It was a low key inaugural. No festivities. behalf of America's children came in the beginning to be felt by the networks, and No official greeters, except the men in sweat­ hearings held recently by the House that this is a good time to keep up the drive ers who came out to refuel the plane. Commerce Subcommittee on Communi­ to damp down the excesses. For it was just a temporary route at the cations. Various organizations have More parental guidance for the young time. about avoiding shows that emphasize vio­ drawn attention of the TV violence ques­ lence, obviously is in order; one survey in­ Nationa.J. was named to replace a competi­ tion and a number of businesses have tor which had lost a wing to a utlldty pole dicated half the children are allowed to in Daytona. The power company had erected pledged not to advertise on shows with watch whenever they want, and a third it during one night and forgot to tell the violent or antisocial behavior. claimed they could watch whatever they airport about it. The Christian Science Monitor, in a chose. But the television industry itself must make a greater effort to weed out ex­ There a.re a lot of stories here about those March 7 editorial, made a very good cessive violence, which can affect adults as early days. Some can remember "Henry" at analysis of the issues involved in the well as children. Pensacola-a leg on the flight to New Or­ television violence debate. I hope it will leans. Henry was a horse. He belonged to a receive thoughtful consideration by all nearby farmer, and just before a flight was due, Henry-who had a penchant for grazing who read the RECORD. on the runway-had to be roundec" up and REASONS TO CURB TV VIOLENCE SAVE OUR SEALS directed back to the barn so the atrU.ner The mounting torrent of concern about could put down. the unfavorable effect of television violence Some of you may remember the Electras. now is hard to ignore and we, for one, are HON. STEWART B. McKINNEY They seated 10. You had to duck your head to glad that it is being voiced openly. Criticism OF CONNECTICUT most recently was on display in Washington get in the door. In fact, you had to keep IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ducking all the way down the aisle. It led at a session of the House Commerce Sub­ to what became known as "the Electra committee on Communications, where it was Tuesday, March 22, 1977 crouch." pointed out that violence on the three major U.S. television networks reached a new peak Mr. McKINNEY. Mr. Speaker, last Later we flew Lodestars. The first set a in 1976 and that children who watched pro­ week, the Canadian Government opened speed record on the way to Jacksonvme from grams with a high ingredient of violence the annual harp seal hunting season. its Burbank, Calif., manufacturing plant­ show a high level of physical aggression. During the 6-week season, at least 170,- nine hours and 29 minutes, including refuel­ "I would like to hear that you people are ing time in Dallas. 000 seals-the quota established by the concerned," freshman Rep. Edward J. Markey Canadian Government-will be clubbed When we added stewardesses, they served of Massachusetts told heads of the three net­ box lunches of fried chicken bought from the works, "but the impression I get is that no to death, cruelly, senselessly and 'Unnec­ little restaurant down the field. one wants to take the credit for violence on essarily. Thomas Imeson Field in those early days television." Traditionally, the hunt for the seal has was bounded by the prison farm at one side, The network officials claim they constantly been synonymous with adventure, danger and a seemingly endless WPA project at the review programs and try to eliminate vio­ and bloodshed of both men and marine other. Its chore was to lengthen the runways. lence but, as one of them said, "unfortu­ mammal. As American author George But for most of that period, it appeared to nately, the efforts of broadcasters in reducing Al'lan England observed from his experi­ be a shovel detail turning over the smallest incidents of violence on television have seem­ possible hill for the longest possible time. ingly gone unnoticed." Maybe, but statistics ences aboard a sealing ship in 1922- National actually had three inaugurals gathered by a study at the University of Not for mere gain do men endure such here. The temporary route begining in 1934. Pennsylvania School of Communication cer­ miseries as the hunt entalils ... it is their The beginning of the Jacksonv1lle-New Or­ tainly point the other way. They say violence annual carnival ... of bloodshed. leans route November 1, 1938. And the per­ depicted last year broke the record high of Despite the institution of certain so­ manent link award between Daytona Beach 1967. and Jacksonvme which we began April 3, Another network defense is that violence called humane techniques of slaughter­ 1940. And, of course, most of you know that in some cases is a necessary fact of life and ing the seals, the :flagrant cruelty of the for many years Jacksonville was our home relevant to the programs. Television, it is seal hunt has not been suppressed. base before we moved to Miami. asserted, should not be "the scapegoat for The slaughter of the harp seal threat­ The multiplicity of inaugural dates has persistent and historical social problems." ens the very survival of the species. At caused some confusion as to how long we Does this znake the parade of violence justi­ the turn of the century there were ap­ have operated out of this city. Well, welcome fiable? We think not. As one of the con­ proximately 10 million harp seals of! of to the 37th . . . 39th . . . or 43rd anniver­ gressmen stated, there now is more violence the coast of Newfoundland. Today, it is sary. Or, as one of our station agents says: on TV in totality than before the family estimated there are fewer than 1 million "We've been flying here for quite some time." viewing hour was introduced; he felt that They've been good years. Progressive years. was "a gimmick to fool the American public." remaining. Conservationist and animal We look forward to another 37 . . . 39 . . . But the House hearings were only part of welfare groups dispute the effectiveness or 43 . . . and certainly beyond. the growing criticism of violence on the of the Canadian quota system, charging March 2·2, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8613 that the harp seals will be extinct as early OUR POLICY IN THE ZAIRE CRISIS? that we will never again intervene in as 1985 if the present rate of killing con­ other parts of the world when our in­ tinues. Despite efforts by the Canadian HON. DAVID C. TREEN terests dictate that we should? Or when Government to supervise the hunt, it is the rights of other members of the hu­ impossible to monitor the thousands of OF LOUISIANA man race are seriously imperiled? Does commercial seal hunters to insure that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the action of Congress in prohibiting 170,000 ceiling it has set will not be ex­ Tuesday, March 22, 1977 assistance in Angola mean that we will never again permit clandestine-but duly ceeded. Mr. TREEN. Mr. Speaker, I do not In addition to the direct slaughter of reported to Congress-help for forces the harp seal, man has further threat­ fancy myself an expert in foreign affairs. friendly to our interest and our values? ened the species' existence by becoming I have neither the experience nor the If so, Congress will run headlong into background for formulating a compre­ confiict with President Carter's personal a serious competitor for the fish that con­ hensive foreign policy. But, as a Member stitutes the food for the seal's survival. choice to head the Central Intelligence The Marine Mammal Protection Act, of Congress who is deeply interested in Agency. Our new Director of the CIA. which Congress passed in 1972, prohibits the security of the United States and the Stansfield Turner, said on the CBS tele­ the importation of harp seal skins into progress of humanity throughout the vision program "Face the Nation" 2 days this country. But it will not proscribe the world, I have tried to learn more and ago-according to the Washington Post understand more about the effects of our of March 21-that: cruel clubbing of 170,000 harp seals this actions in this complicated field of for­ spring. The Canadian quota system has Foreign aid sometimes in secrecy is a very been neither effective in preventing the eign affairs. And, the more I learn and common and very legitimate tool of foreign the more I see, the deeper becomes my policy. inhumane manner in which these marine concern. mammals are being slaughtered nor in Today, along the Angola-Zaire border Have we let the Vietnam experience protecting the species from almost in­ there are developments which pose seri­ freeze us into a rigid posture of noninter­ evitable extinction. This is why I join ous short-term and long-term threats. I vention? If so, what happens if another with my colleagues today in requesting am not sure what our reaction should be Hitler commences racial genocide? the Canadian Government to reassess its with respect to the recent invasion of I do not urge a policy of consistent in­ policy of permitting such slaughter in Zaire by forces operating from Angola. tervention, but a policy of consistent Canadian waters. The situation poses quite a dilemma for nonintervention would be disastrous. Our the present administration and for Con­ policy should based upon our security gress. We have already granted some $2 and other interests. Among our other NEXT YEAR IN JERUSALEM million in assistance. Zaire has requested interests is our concern for humanity­ additional help. Should we respond with including human rights-throughout the further help? If so, should it be limited rest of the world. A policy that absolutely HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL to medical supplies, clothing, food and forbids intervention would signal all our OF NEW YO~K communications equipment? Should it adversaries, existing and potential IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES include small arms? If we are going to in­ mighty and petty, the Brezhnevs th~ vest that much, should we consider even Fidel Castros, and the Idi Amins,' that Tuesday, March 22, 1977 more formidable assistance in terms of they need have no fear of resistance on Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, as the joy­ major weapons? the part of America. A declared policy ous Passover season approaches, Jews The seeds of our dilemma were sown by the United States that we will never throughout the world look forward to not very long ago in Angola. The Ford intervene-not openly nor clandes­ celebrating this special holiday. Passover administration commenced a program of tinely-will give a green light to aggres­ commemorates the exodus of the chil­ military and economic assistance to the sors throughout the world. That signal dren of Israel from Egypt almost 3,300 prowestern forces during the recent may have already been given by our ti­ years ago. contest for power in Angola. This assist­ midity in Angola. The spirit of this holiday is damp­ ance was furnished without official pub­ Mr. Speaker, as I said at the outset ened by the harsh reality of Soviet ha­ lic acknowledgement, but the appro­ the complexities of foreign policy ar~ rassment and oppression of their citizens priate committees of Congress were duly monumental; no one can assert himself of Jewish descent. The Soviet Union has informed. Our policy of assistance then in this area without a degree of self­ undertaken a determined campaign to began to unravel. Congress forced the doubt. Certainly not I. But I believe that eradicate every vestige of Jewish life termination of the assistance program. I express the opinion of many in this within its borders. To this end, they have The pro-Marxist group, aided by Russia country when I say: a perception of closed almost every synagogue, forbid­ and Cuba, succeeded in gaining power. American unwillingness to act when our den the publication of religious books, Now that power is being used against interests dictate could result in great and the making of religious devotional Zaire, a nation that also attempted to calamity for our country. articles in an attempt to destroy the once thwart the pro-Marxist MPLA. On this subject I found the essay of thriving Jewish community of the Soviet Our efforts in Angola were secret, but, Rowland Evans and Robert Novak, Union. In fact, they have gone so far as as pointed out above, were reported to which appeared in the Washington Post to forbid the production and sale of Pe­ the appropriate committees in Congress on yesterday, of interest. These column­ sachdich food which is requisite in the consistent with existing law. The reac­ ists have been observing our foreign pol­ observance of Passover. Additionally, tion among many in Congress, after the icy for many years and I find them to be they have forbidden the importation of most perceptive. Their column on the administration was forced to make pub­ subject of Zaire follows: Pesachdich food which until recently, lic acknowledgement of our involvement, they had permitted. was one of great trembling and fear that ZAIRE: DOOMED TO THE FATE OF ANGOLA? Many of the over 3 million Jews in our country would become involved in (Rowland Evans and Robert Novak) Russia wish to peacefully exercise the another con:fiict like the one in Vietnam. Even after early warning signals from both right of emigration which is guaranteed Vietnam war, followed by the Central not have been successful. On the other Intell1gence Agency investigations, trauma­ fill the ancient Jewish dream of celebrat­ hand, they might have been. But that's tize Congress today as they did during the ing the Passover in Jerusalem. not the crucial issue. The question is: 1975 Angolan civil war. Congress remains I urge my colleagues to support House what does that decision by Congress pro­ transfixed with fear that U.S. aid will lead Concurrent Resolution 97, which would tend for the future? to military intervention, and is still unwill­ facilitate the freer movement of people. - Does our experience in Vietnam mean ing to use the undercover CIA option. So, 8614 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 2·2, 1977 there is no effective response to the invasion block will challenge it on the basis of al­ ONE HUNDRED CONGRESSPEOPLE of Zaire. leged repression by Mobutu. JOIN IMPACT AND FIGHT Accordingly, U.S. and Western European So Zaire, or at the least its vital cooper­ experts here have already conceded this re­ rich heartland, seems doomed to go the way sult in the two-bit war over a king's ransom of Angola, in the familiar pattern of a Sec­ HON. HERBERT E. HARRIS II in copper; the fall from power of Zaire Presi­ retary of State crying for help and Congress OF vmGINIA dent Mobutu Sese Seko, whose hapless turning away. "army" cannot begin to turn back the So­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES viet-armed, Soviet-supplied Katangan Tuesday, March 22, 1977 troops. This may well be only the first of sev­ Mr. HARRIS. Mr. Speaker, I am eral agonizing results. If Mobutu does lose FORTNEY H. (PETE) STARK, JR. pleased to announce to my colleagues to­ the presidency under the shock of losing the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD IN­ day that a bipartisan coalition of 100 richest part of his huge country, the mo­ SERT ANYTHING BUT COFFEE Members of the House have joined me in mentum of that loss would expose much WEEK more of Zaire to ravage by the Katangan writing the distinguished chairman of forces. Backed by Angola's own Cuba-di­ the Labor-HEW Appropriations Subcom­ rected army and supplied by huge Soviet HON. FORTNEY H. (PETE) STARK mittee, urging the subcommittee to re­ military resources, the old Tshombe constab­ OF CALIFORNIA store the $395 million cut in impact aid ulary may now be accompanied by Cuban IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES education funds, proposed by former and Angolan leaders. President Ford and President Carter for President Carter has been strongly urged Tuesday, March 22, 1977 the coming school year. by European allies to solemnly appeal to Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, I would like Impact aid cuts are cuts into the very Moscow to halt the invasion. U.S. officials are to call my colleagues' attention to an unsure, as we write this, how deeply Mos­ heart of school's operating budget. Un­ cow was involved in the decision to invade issue which involves all of us who enjoy like most Federal programs, Impact Aid Zaire. Nevertheless, there is strong presump­ the indulgence of one-or several as the is general aid, not "categorical" aid fo1~ tion that a word from Moscow could stop the case may be---cups of coffee a day. special targeted needs. These funds pay invading force dead in its tracks, by merely As most of you are probably aware, teachers salaries, heating and utility threatening to withhold supplies. coffee prices to the consumer have more bills and buy instructional materials. The But diplomats here have little hope that than doubled in this last year alone. Con­ cost of heating our schools has doubled the Soviets will lift a finger in response to tinuing wholesale price increases indi­ such a request from Carter any more than in the last four years. The cost of chil­ they did in reply to Henry Kissinger's plea to cate that consumers may be paying as dren's library books has gone up 39 per­ stay out of Angola in 1975. Indeed, coopera­ much as quadruple the present cost with­ cent. Local expenditures for school tion iby the Kremlin is made all the less likely in the upcoming months. Brazilian and lunches have jumped 35 percent. Our by repeated Soviet embarrassments from Car­ Columbian coffee producers blame frost school budgets are feeling a real pinch. ter's human rights campaign. damage to crops for the coffee shortage They have run out of places to cut. A cut Nor does the mood in Congress incline they are ostensibly experiencing, which in impact aid would be particularly dev­ Moscow to defer to U.S. wishes. The skeptical, in turn is responsible for price hikes. But astating since this is one of the few Fed­ even frightened, attitude on Capitol Hill over consumer groups claim that coffee stock­ foreign risk-taking was dramatically evident eral programs that helps schools pay last week when Secretary of State Cyrus piles indicate ample supplies. Because of their bills. Vance testified before the House Interna­ these con:fiicting reports, the Interna­ To make up for this loss in impact aid, tional Relations Committee on fattened aid tional Coffee Organization has ordered property taxes would no doubt have to be for Zaire. a full investigation of the supply-and­ increased. I have calculated that, for ex­ In response to Vance's request for $32.5 demand problem. million in military aid for Zaire, liberal Rep. ample, in one school district in my con­ Some of us might recall the spiraling gressional district, halving the Federal Don Bonker (D-Wash.) informed him that beef and sugar prices of a few years past, Zaire's army was corrupt "from top to bot­ impact aid budget would mean a $68 tom" and that Mobutu did not have the con­ and the consumer boycott which ensued. boost in the average property tax bill. fidence of his people. The lack of purchases of those products The family budget has just undergone Bonker later told us that was the prescrip­ seemed to have a direct effect on the the ravages of· an unusually severe win­ tion that led the U.S. into Vietnam. But price increases. In a similar move, the ter, on top of a 50-percent increase of Banker's was the formulation that led Con­ Alameda County Consumer Affairs Com­ food prices in the last 5 years. It would gress into shrugging off any responsib11ity for mission of California is "attempting to Angola. be unconscionable for the Congress to, organize a coffee boycott in that State in effect hit our families with a higher Vance's aid request has not yet been au­ of wide-based popular support for 1 thorized, but it is now too late for it to have property tax bill by not restoring these any impact on the military situation in week. Public outcry over soaring coffee funds. prices has already caused the U.S. coffee Katanga (now called Shaba province) . More­ Finally, what is particularly disturbing over, even if Bonker overstates the weakness industry to abandon plans for a $8 mil­ of Mobutu's army, the fact that it is not an lion promotion campaign to encourage about the elimination of these funds is effective :fighting force is well known here. consumer acceptance of price hikes. Or­ that in essence the executive branch­ It may indeed be too late for rehabilitation. ganizers hope that through a widespread, by asking Congress to eliminate all fund­ With Havana and Moscow watching to see week-long coffee boycott, consumer soli­ ing for "B" children-is asking the Ap­ how well the old Katangan constabulary per­ darity will be further expressed both to propriations Committee to make a sub­ forms in Shaiba province, success is expected consumers at large, and to coffee pro­ stantive change in the authorizing law to gain their support from more extensive which would be subject to a point of or­ operations. "The game is to destabilize ducers across the international market; Mobutu," one diplomat told us, "and after and will force the industry to keep prices der on the House floor. The 1974 amend­ he is destabilized, the avenue is wide open down to an acceptable level. ments (Public Law 93-380) addressed the for many nefarious purposes." The California Legislature has sanc­ problems raised by impact aid critics. It A glance at the map of southern Africa tioned this move through their resolution is an abuse of the legislative process to· shows why. The fall of Shaba province to the scheduling April 3-9, 1977, as "Anything ask the Appropriations Committee to Communist-backed Katangans would sur­ But Coffee Week." It is their hope, along make a policy decision that should be round Zambia, the only other Western-lean­ with the Consumer Affairs Commission, handled by the Educational and Labor ing black state in southern Africa, with black Committee. states that all lean heavily toward Moscow that the coffee boycott, as an organized and away from Washington: Angola, Tan­ resistance to skyrocketing prices, will Impact aid is a sound program that zania and Mozambique. So, in any civil war present an example of consumers assert­ has existed for 27 years and goes to in Zaire between a U.S.-backed force (under ing their importance as a vital link in 4,300 school districts in every State of Mobutu or some successor) and a Soviet­ the United States. I will continue to work backarf fn:i:-ce, the U.S. force would be operat­ our commercial and industrial chain, for adequate funding of the program and ing under most unfavorable circumstances. with an equally vital right to participate in decisions for price increases. I urge hope my colleagues will add their name In fact, however, there almost surely will to the impact aid effort. be no U.S.-backed force there because the my colleagues to support this effort to still-traumatized Congress would not permit control coffee price hikes by joining Cali­ The Representatives who support res­ it. Vance's aid request for Zaire will be cut fornia citizens in their protest for the toration of impact aid funding in fiscal by Congress; in addition, the "human rights" week of April 3-9. 1978 follow: March 22, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8615 Daniel K. Akaka, Hawaii. Lionel Van Deerlin, California.. human needs and a little less for caged-up Glenn M. Anderson, California. Wes Watkins, Oklahoma. laboratory rats. Max Baucus, Montana. Theodore S. Weiss, New York. I hope the House acts swiftly to rescind Edward P. Beard, Rhode Island. Richard C. White, Texas. this ban and to change FDA's procedures Jonathan B. Bingham, New York. Bob Wilson, California.. David R. Bowen, Mississippi. Timothy E. Wirth, Colorado. and powers. Clair W. Burgener, California. Antonio Borja Won Pat, Guam. John J. Cavanaugh, Nebraska. 0. W. Bill Young, Florida. William (Bill) Clay, Missouri. Don Young, Alaska. Cardiss Collins, Illinois. TREATY ASSURANCES FOR PANAMA David L. Cornwell, Indiana. CANAL WORKERS PROMULGATED Baltasar Corrada, Puerto Rico. Norman E. D'Amours, New Hampshire. THE SACCHARIN BAN: TIME TO Mendel J. Davis, South Carolina. REVISE FDA PROCEDURES HON. RALPH H. METCALFE Ronald v. Dellums, California. OF ILLINOIS William L. Dickinson, Alabama. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Norman D. Dicks, Washington. HON. ROBERT E. BAUMAN Charles C. Diggs, Jr., Michigan. Monday, March 21, 1977 OF MARYLAND Robert W. Edgar, Pennsylvania. Joshua Eilberg, Pennsylvania. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. METCALFE. Mr. Speaker, on Tuesday, March 15, an important event, Glenn English, Oklahoma. Tuesday, March 22, 1977 Allen E. Ertel, Pennsylvania. though one little noticed in the U.S. Frank E. Evans, Colorado. Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, I am en­ press, took place in the unfolding story Dante B . Fascell, Florida. thusiastically joining with my many of Panama Canal treaty negotiations. On Walter E. Fauntroy, District of Columbia. colleagues from both sides of the aisle in that date Gov. Harold R. Parfitt of the Joseph L. Fisher, Virginia. cosponsoring legislation to permit the Canal Zone issued to employee leaders Ronnie G. Flippo, Alabama. continued use of saccharin and to sig­ William D. Ford, Michigan. in the Canal Zone a list of assurances. Lee H. Hamilton, Indiana. nificantly change the process the Food or protections, which are the minimum Mark W. Hannaford, California. and Drug Administration employs to de­ acceptable rights and benefits to be ac­ Herbert E. Harris II, Virginia. termine the safety of food additives. This corded to U.S. citizen and non-U.S. citi­ Augustus F. Hawkins, California. legislation, originally drawn up by my zen employees of the Panama Canal or­ Cecil "Cec" Heftel, Hawaii. distinguished colleague from North ganization in any new Panama Canal Ken Holland, South Carolina. Carolina, Mr. MARTIN, is in response to treaty arrangement. Harold c. Hollenbeck, New Jersey. the FDA's recent ban of saccharin. The list of assurances provided to Marjorie S. Holt, Maryland. This legislation provides a new mech­ James J. Howard, New Jersey. canal employees is significant. Even William J. Hughes, New Jersey. anism whereby a ban of a food additive though it may not contain all of the John W. Jenrette, Jr., South Carolina. by the FDA could be appealed. Upon re­ benefit provisions for which canal em­ Harold Johnson, California. consideration, the FDA could then au­ ployees have striven, and will strive, this James R. Jones, Oklahoma. thorize continued use of the product list is an affirmation of the concern of Walter B. Jones, North Carolina. only if the public benefits of such use the U.S. Government for the canal em­ Abraham Kazen, Jr., Texas. clearly outweigh the public risk. The ployees who have served with dedicated Martha Keys, Kansas. legislation does not repeal the Delaney Edward I. Koch, New York. competence over the years. As an ex­ Peter H. Kostmayer, Pennsylvania. clause, which currently governs ban­ pression of concern for U.S. and non­ Robert (Bob) Krueger, Texas. ning procedures, but modifies the pro­ U.S. employees of the canal organiza­ Joseph A. Le Fante, New Jersey. cedures by which it is implemented. tion, perhaps the assurances will stem Robert L. Leggett, California. The FDA's saccharin ban is yet an­ the very detrimental tide of U.S. citizen Jim Lloyd, California. other in a long line of abuses by a Fed­ resignations and retirements which could Trent Lott, Mississippi. eral agency over-reacting to the symp­ threaten the operational efficiency of the John J. McFall, California. toms of a few laboratory rats fed enor­ Panama Canal. Matthew F. McHugh, New York. mous amounts of an everyday product Gunn McKay, Utah. Mr. Speaker, the canal treaty issues Edward R. Madigan, Ill1no1s. found in millions of American homes for which are discussed more often in our Ron Marlenee, Montana. the past 80 years. news media, issues such as the perma­ Lloyd Meeds, Washington. The saccharin ban was based on a nent neutrality of the Panama Canal. Helen S. Meyner, New Jersey. study conducted by Canadian scientists its defense, and the duration of a new George Miller, California. who found fewer than 10 percent of ·200 treaty relationship, are all very im­ Norman Y. Mineta, California. study rats developing tumors after being portant. But all of these issues are rele­ Parren J. Mitchell, Maryland. fed substantial daily amounts of the vant only if the canal is efficiently op­ Austin J. Murphy, Pennsylvania. product. Saccharin is the sole remaining John M. Murphy, New York. erated by a work force with technical Michael 0. Myers, Pennsylvania. dietetic sweetener allowed by Federal au­ competence and high morale, and only Bill Nichols, Alabama. thorities to be sold on the grocer's shelf. if proper attention is paid to the human Robert N. C. Nix, Pennsylvania. Previous decisions by the FDA, beginning dimension of things. Indeed, if more at­ Leon E. Panetta., California. in 1969 with the cyclamate ban, elimi­ tention had been paid to human and Jerry M. Patterson, California. nated other sugar-substitutes. social factors on the Isthmus of Panama Shirley N. Pettis, California. Did the evidence from the Canadian many years ago, I am convinced the po­ W.R. Poage, Texas. study justify the FDA's action? I think Larry Pressler, South Dakota. litical climate for canal operations would Melvin Price, Illinois. not. For you and I to equal the amounts be better today. Charles B. Rangel, New York of saccharin consumed by those rats, we Credit for the issuance of canal em­ Frederick W. Richmond, New York. would have to drink more than 800 12 ployee treaty protections belongs to the Ted Risenhoover, Oklahoma. ounce cans of diet drink a day, or eat negotiators in general for their correct Robert A. Roe, New Jersey. more than 1,850 packets of the low-calo­ perception of apprehensions on the Teno Roncalio, Wyoming. rie sweetener per day. When you consider Isthmus of Panana. Credit is due to the Charles Rose, North Carolina. that drinking a mere 50 cans of pure, Edward R. Roybal, California. labor and civic organizations who have Harold Runnels, New Mexico. EPA-approved water can kill you, it be­ made known the apprehensions of their Fernand J. St Germain, Rhode Island. comes obvious just how absurd the FDA's memberships and constituencies. Credit Jim Santini, Nevada. action is in this matter. is especially due to Gov. Harold R. Parfitt Patricia. Schroeder, Colorado. Mr. Speaker, just as important is the of the Canal Zone, who has continuously Bud Shuster, Pennsylvania.. serious situation the FDA has created emphasized the need for consideration B. F. Sisk, California. for the more than 10 million Americans of the employees in canal treaty negoti­ Gladys Noon Spellman, Maryland. who suffer from diabetes. Without sac­ Fortney H. (Pete) Stark, California.. ations. Tom Steed, Oklahoma. charin, these people are left without a On January 14, 1977, the Board of Newton I. Steers, Jr., Maryland. product absolutely necessary for their Directors of the Panama Canal Co., Louis Stokes, Ohio. health. I think it is time the bureaucrats acting in consonance with the urgings Morris K. Udall, Arizona. started to show a little more concern for of Governor Parfitt and Department of 8616 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Marr,h 22, 1977 the Army officials, passed two resolutions 7. Non-United States citizen employees Whereas, there are certain assurances that automatically will be covered under the the U.S. Congress or Executive Branch can relating to employee protections and Panama Social Security System, except that make unilaterally to employees without re­ canal treaty negotiations. By approving those with five or more years of United States gard to any treaty; the issuance of 15 assurances for canal Government service as of the effective date Now, therefore be it resolved, that the workers, the appropriate authorities in of the new treaty will have the option to Board of Directors of the Panama Canal the administration have begun to act on retain U.S. Civil Service retirement coverage Company ca use to be spread on the records those resolutions. It is my hope the ad­ in lieu of transfer to Panama Social Security of the Corporation the assurance to all its ministration will continue to adhere to coverage. employees that, consistent with good man­ the resolutions by providing applicable 8. Panamanian citizens will be employed agement practice and applicable statutes, in increasing numbers at all levels of the the Board will endeavor to preserve existing information to canal employees, by com­ management and operation of the Canal. employee rights and benefits pending com­ municating with the AFL-CIO-who 9. Increased Panamanian employment in pletion of the on-going treaty negotiations; have a comprehensive position on these the operation of the Canal will not be used and that the Board strongly urges that ap­ matters-and by avoiding any erosion of to displace current United States citizen propriate agencies of the U.S. Government employee benefi~. Canal employees. take action to provide assurances of reten­ The following list of treaty assurances 10. All eligible employees are guaranteed tion of the rights and benefits to employees and resolutions of the Board of Directors by current regulation, reduction-in-force and as long as the United States operates the reassignment right, transfer or function Canal. of the Panama Canal Co. are only parts rights, and discontinued service retirement of the very involved process required for RESOLUTION NO. 2 following involuntary separation. In addition, Whereas, representatives of t he govern­ effectuating a new canal treaty arrange­ the Civil Service Commission will be re­ ment of the United States are currently en­ ment. But despite the work and negoti­ quested to grant approval of and/or waivers gaged in negotiations with representatives of ation yet to be done, they are indeed for "early optional retirement" or liberalized the Government of Panama regarding a positive signs in the context of matters severance pay coverage for employees of Canal new treaty for the operation, maintenance enterprise activities which are scheduled for and defense of the Panama Canal; and which are so beset with obstacles: elimination, reduction or transfer. Employees ASSURANCES FOR PRESENT EMPLOYEES OF THE Whereas, the American and Panamanian whose working conditions are so adversely af­ employees of the Canal enterprise have a vital PANAMA CANAL Co./CANAL ZONE GOVERN• fected by the treaty that special considera­ MENT UNDER A NEW PANAMA CANAL TREATY interest in decisions resulting from these tion is appropriate may also be included in negotiations which directly affect their [Given to Canal Employees by Canal Zone this commission request. rights, benefits and future employment se­ Governor Parfitt on March 15, 1977) 11. Civil Service Commission approval will curity; and The following list of assurances for present be sought to provide any present United Whereas, i't is recognized that treaties are United States citizen and non-United States States citizen employee requesting such as­ never negotiated in public, and therefore the sistance with priority placement considera­ citizen employees of the Panama Canal Com­ United States ~overnment has felt itself pany/ Canal Zone Government are derived tion for appropriate vacancies in federal gov­ unable to keep Canal enterprise employees from the United States position. They repre­ ernment agencies. informed of many issues in the negotiations sent those assurances on fundamental items 12. To the extent consistent with sound and there has thus developed a climate o:t of particular interest to Canal employees management, the terms and conditions for uncertainty and apprehension exacerbated which would, as a minimum, be provided in the employment of non-United States citi­ by continuing announcements in the Pan­ the context of any new treaty relationship. zen personnel will, as a matter of policy, amanian press with no commen,t by U.S. Obviously, all treaty provisions are subject conform with the general principles con­ spokesmen; and to negotiation, the ratification process, and tained in the labor laws of the Republic of Whereas, the U.S. negotiators have pub­ such Congressional implementing legislation Panama. licly expressed the intent to protect the as may be appropriate. 13. The Government of the United States benefits and interests of Canal enterprise No formal, comprehensive agreement has will ask that special placement assistance be employees and to provide them continued been reached between the United States Gov­ offered by the Republic of Panama to any assistance through the difficult and uncer­ ernment and the Republic of Panama regard­ non-Un.ited States citizen employee who may tain times ahead; and ing this issue or any other. be displaced by reason of the treaty. Whereas, it is equally beneficial to man­ These assurances are not intended to be 14. The Canal management will conduct its agement in maintaining an efficient work final or all-inclusive. Other areas of concern relations with recognized employee unions force to provide employees with sufficient are continuing to be examined. These as­ representing Canal employees in accordance information on matters pertaining to a surances should, however, provide employees with Executive Order 11491, as amended, treaty to allow the employees to formulate with a general understanding of the mini­ and/ or other mutually acceptable form of personal decisions based on fact rather than mum level of benefits and protections being collective bargaining. rumor and speculation; 15. Recommendation!', if appropriate, will sought. Now, therefore, be it resolved, that the 1. Schooling and medical care provided by be made to the Office of Management and Board of Directors of the Panama Canal the United States Government will continue Budget for legislative action found necessary Company cause to be spread on the records to be available for United States citizen em­ to prevent an erosion of the general level of of the Corporation the very strong recom­ ployees and their dependents. employee benefits and conditions of employ­ mendation to the President of the United 2. United States citizen employees will ment under any new treaty. States that employees of the Canal enterprise continue to be provided with adequate hous­ be more fully informed of treaty issues and ing at a reasonable cost. Residential areas RESOLUTIONS PASSED UNANIMOUSLY BY THE decisions directly affecting their living and will be managed in such a manner as to BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE PANAMA CANAL working conditions. maintain a mix of United States and Pana­ COMPANY ON JANUARY 14, 1977 manian residents. RESOLUTION NO. 1 3. United States citizen employees and Whereas, representatives of the govern­ their dependents will continue to enjoy duty­ ment of the United States and the Govern­ MRS. MARY HEATH-lOlST free import and purchasing privileges con­ ment of Panama are currently negotiating a BIRTHDAY cerning items for private use. They will also new treaty for the future operation, main­ be authorized use of m111tary service facili­ tenance and defense of the Panama Canal; ties. and HON. DOUGLAS APPLEGATE 4. United States citizen employees and Whereas, these negotiations involve many OF OHIO their dependents will be exempted from issues and decisions directly affecting the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Panamanian tax on any income derived from careers and living conditions of Panama Ca­ The Canal operation or other United States nal Company and Canal Zone Government Tuesday, March 22, 1977 Government agencies, and employees and their dependents; and Mr. APPLEGATE. Mr. Speaker, Mrs. Sources outside the Republic of Panama. Whereas, the American and Panamanian 5. In connection with offenses arising from employees of the Canal enterprise have ren­ Heath will celebrate her lOlst birthday acts or omissions punishable under the Laws dered long and faithful service in operating on March 26, 1977. She came to our com­ of the Republic of Panama, United States the Canal efficiently for the benefit of all na­ munity of East Liverpool, Ohio, in 1879, citizen employees and their dependents wm tions without discrimination, thus providing when she was 3 years old. She had been be entitled to specific procedural guarantees, a vital link in the lanes of international born in Red Wing, Minn. This means such as prompt and speedy trial, specific commerce; and she has witnessed a great deal of prog­ charges, cross-examination of witnesses and Whereas, the Board recognizes the impor­ ress and development along the Ohio legal representation of choice. tance of retaining the unique skills and in­ River. 6. United States citizen employees and de­ valuable experience of these dedicated em­ pendents who may be considered to be dual ployees in order to maintain the high stand­ She married William Heath in 1896 nationals will have the same status under ards of efficiency that have characterized the and they had two children: Ariel, a the new treaty as those of exclusive United operation of the Canal as well as to help daughter born in 1900, and Norman born States citizenship. train future generations of workers; and in 1906. She has survived them both. March 2·2, _1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8617 However, her family is carried on by her in the absence of mandatory require­ $395 million in budget allocations for late son Norman's wife, Louise, a grand­ ments. Oil transporting vessels in the section 3(b) entitlements of Public Law daughter, Mrs. Susan Hendershot of St. Great Lakes region have double bottoms 81-874, the so-called Federal impact aid Cloud, Minn., and a great-granddaugh­ and, I believe, in some instances double legislation. The purpose of the funding ter, Amy Louise Hendershot, age 3. hulls that have averted ecological disas­ provided in this portion of Public Law She is a living piece of history in ter. For example, this winter a grounding 81-874 is to reimburse local school dis­ Columbiana County, Ohio. Mrs. Mary in Grand Traverse Bay resulted in minor tricts which have numerous students Heath has observed !n her lifetime the spillage of oil, because the tanker in­ whose parents live or work on Federal transition from travel by riverboat to volved had a double bottom. property. I call attention to this matter train to rocket, an amazing thought. Mr. Attention of late has been focused on because such an omission from the fiscal Speaker, it gives me great pleasure to tankers; but in the areas of concern, tank year 1978 budget will have a serious and honor Mrs. Mary Heath on her birthday. vessels and barges do not operate in iso­ detrimental affect on educational sys­ lation from other traffic. In spite of every tems throughout the 50 States. In the precaution applied to or by tank vessels, State of Hawaii alone, the proposed cut TANKER SAFETY their safety and that of our natural re­ will amount to a $5.5 million loss to the sources can be seriously hazarded by State. Such a budget cut will mean that HON. PHILIP E. RUPPE other vessels not similarly equipped and 327 teachers will become jobless and a OF MICHIGAN not participants in a traffic control sys­ minimum of 8,551 students will be ad­ tem. Accordingly my bill calls for a study versely affected. Class sizes will swell and IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES by the Secretary of Transportation that the burden on an already tight educa­ Tuesday, March 22, 1977 will address these hazards. tional budget will greatly increase. Mr. RUPPE. Mr. Speaker, I have been The provisions of my bill should be of Yet Hawaii will not be alone in at­ appalled at the growing threat to our significance to the most fragile of envi­ tempting to provide quality education to marine environment and the inconsist­ ronments, the fresh waters of the Great students while budget cutbacks continue. ent efforts to cope with a burgeoning Lakes region with some 95,000 square Federal impact aid goes to 420 congres­ armada of some 3,000 tankers a year miles subject to U.S. jurisdiction and a sional districts and over 4,300 school that come into our ports from overseas. shoreline of some 5,480 miles that exceeds districts, so that almost every local edu­ The spate of oil spills brought into focus the entire eastern coastline of the United cational system will suffer from the loss with the Argo Merchant casualty has States. Storms are as severe, the seas as of funds. emphasized the necessity for Congress to violent, and the navigational hazards as· Opponents of 1978 impact aid appro­ take affirmative action and address var­ great as in any other maritime region. priations would argue that many local ious feasible and reasonable measures to Ships here are continuously in pilotage educational agencies which receive large protect our various national resources. waters and as the transportation of en­ section 3(b) entitlements are among the About a year ago during oversight ergy resources by water is increasing, most prosperous regions in the country, hearings at Sault Ste. Marie, Mich., into concern is heightened. particularly those which are adjacent to the adequacy of Coast Guard search­ Quite recently, I had a survey made the Washington, D.C., area. However, and-rescue facilities in the Great Lakes, of the magnitude, frequency, and point studies have demonstrated that not only I focused on apparent deficiencies that sources of oil and chemical spills during do these presumably wealthy districts were brought to light by the tragic sink­ calendar year 1975 into Great Lakes have some of the largest school districts ing of the now ,legendary Steamer Fitz­ waters. The results were surprising to me in the country, but that a loss of only gerald in November 1975. At that time and have spurred my interests in more 3(b) payments to the same school dis­ I stated that a 'need-had become-evi­ stringent tanker regulations and vessel tricts would increase local property taxes dent for a preventative vessel traffic con­ controls; they have also impressed me by over 20 percent. trol system including winter advisory with a need to look at problem areas, Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues on services that will lessen the need for on­ other than vessels. I would like to share the Subcommittee on Labor-HEW Ap­ scene assistance." I noted then that "In­ some of the heretofore undeveloped data. propriations of the House Appropriations novative navigational aids such as Loran During 1975, there were 42 spills in excess Committee, as they commence their might lessen a dependence on other of 1,000 gallons reported from all sources. hearings today on school assistance in manned aids" and that "an automated Eleven of these spills were classified as federally affected areas, to restore the vessel reporting system will trigger as­ major, that is, exceeding 10,000 gallons. reductions in the 1978 impact aid appro­ sistance when needed." Vessel and barge discharges, without priations as proposed in the Carter budg­ I have pursued the idea of mandatory regard t.o quantity, involved 5 foreign et. I also appeal to my House colleagues vessel traffic control systems, using vessels and 28 U.S. vessels. These dis­ on both sides of the political aisle to join transponders and satellite techniques, charges occurred during cleaning and with me and others to insure that these through observance of the Coast Guard's ballasting, refueling, and transfer opera­ f.unds remain in the final fiscal year 1978 Mini-Loran system under development tions. Point sources include rail vehicles, budget, for the sake of local school dis­ for the St. Mary's River in Michigan and onshore refinery and oil storage facilities, tricts throughout the Nation. through discussions with John Hopkins and pipelines as well as vessels of all Applied Physics Laboratory about the classes. The causes of such spills run the Transit navigational satellite system de­ gamut from hull or tank leakages to VOLUNTEERS IN THE NATIONAL veloped for and now being installed in other structural, pipeline, and pump FOREST U.S. naval vessels. The results of this failures. effort are reflected in the Federal Tank­ The bill I have introduced addresses HON. WILLIAM L. ARMSTRONG er Safety and Control Act of 1977 that one area of major concern in a compre­ OF COLORADO I have introduced today and are appli­ hensive manner but we must, and I will, cable on the Great Lakes as well as upon be giving attention to other areas that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the oceans within our newly established may have been overlooked in our rush to Tuesday, March 22, 1977 fishery conservation zone. address the onslaught from the seas. Mr. ARMSTRONG. Mr. Speaker, pro­ In my bill I have recognized the need visions of Public Law 92-300, the Volun­ for continued training of shipboard per­ FEDERAL IMPACT AID teers in the National Forest Act of 1972, sonnel and a competency manning phi­ limit the Forest Service to spending losophy that should be given increasing $100,000 annually on volunteer programs. recognition in the broadest of terms. Ad­ HON. DANIEL K. AKAKA While such knowledgeable organiza­ ditionally, I have, in spite of some op­ OF HAWAII tions as the National Hiking and ·Ski position, retained requirements for seg­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Touring Association have conducted two regated ballast tanks and double bot­ summer volunteer programs in four toms. I feel that it is technically possible Tuesday, March 22, 1977 States, with positive results, this effort to cope with some of the stability and Mr. AKAKA. Mr. Speaker, as you has reached its limit because of the explosive vapor concerns of opponents know, in President Carter's budget pro­ statutory limitation. and have noted the increasing trends to­ posals submitted to the Congress on Feb­ I am not proposing any more spend­ ward such construction standards even ruary 22, 1977, the President eliminated ing-far from it. 8618 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 2·2, 1977 Removing the spending limitation 1963, the highest tax rate was 91 percent More of the citizens in private and would simply give the Forest Service the on incomes above $200,000. In 1964, this public life would be eager to compete option of spending existing appropria­ rate dropped to 77 percent. In 1965, it for this public office if they were partly tions for administration and coordina­ dropped to 70 percent, where it is today. freed from the prospects of financial and. tion of volunteer programs. President Kennedy advocated reducing physical strain of never-ending cam­ While the present limit of $100,000 the tax rates in order to stimulate invest­ paigning. This increased competition. sounds adequate for these purposes---it is ment and production. It worked, plus could better challenge entrenched politi­ not-not when the funds must be spread added revenues to the Treasury. cal machines, and bolster the two-party over 146 national forests and 187 mil­ I think that this is very persuasive evi­ system. lion acres. It seems right to me-as well dence that the reduction in tax rates ac­ as cost effective-that the Forest Service tually led to an increase in taxes on the should be allowed to use dedicated and rich. This results simply from the fact OUR TIES WITH CANADA AND knowledgeable volunteers in its efforts to that with lower tax rates it was more MEXICO maintain the national forest system. worth while for wealthy people to take For these reasons, I am reintroducing their money out of tax shelters like tax­ legislation which would remove the exempt municipal bonds and invest in HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARfilNO $100,000 limitation. profitmaking enterprises. OF CALIFORNIA This is not controversial legislation. Knowing full well that there are other IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Both the Department of Agriculture and reasons as well, I think that this is some­ Tuesday, March 22, 1977 the Office of Management and Budget thing the Congress should consider very have endorsed this bill-and reported carefully the next time someone starts Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, r favorably on it late in the 94th Congress. talking about closing tax loopholes and would like to bring to the attention of In 1975, for example, volunteers did soaking the rich. The way to reduce loop­ my colleagues the following column by more than $1 million worth of work in holes is lower the rates to more reason­ my constituent, Gen. Henry Huglin. the national forests-ttnd the cost to the able levels where enterprise is encour­ General Huglin is a retired Air Force Government was $100,000. The Forest aged and revenues flow into the brigadier general and syndicated col­ Service had to turn away competent and T.reasury. umnist. He comments on America's rela­ qualified help. This is especially serious tions with Canada and Mexico: now, when the Forest Service has been Otra TIES WITH CANADA AND MEXICO closing trails and other sections of na­ CONGRESSIONAL TERMS OF OFFICE (By Henry Huglin) tional forests because of inadequate Sensibly and wisely symbolically, President maintenance. Carter scheduled his first two meetings with The use of volunteers could help ease HON. BOB STUMP other heads of government with President. the manpower crisis faced by the Forest OF ARIZONA Jose Lopez Portlllo of Mexico and Prime· IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Minister Pierre Elliott Trudeau of Canada. Service-without "any additional direct By habit, we Americans usually take our­ costs to the Federal Government," ac­ Tuesday, March 22, 1977 closest neighbors, the Canadians and Mexi­ cording to the Department of Agricul­ Mr. STUMP. Mr. Speaker, I have in­ cans, much too much for granted. ture. troduced legislation today that would For decades we have been focusing mainly This type of creative solution is long on hot spots abroad in Europe, Asia and. change the term a U.S. Representative more recently, Africa. Meanwhile, in this overdue, and I would like to urge wide could serve to three, 4-year terms. support for this bill. hemisphere, particularly in Canada and Mex­ The best way to protect against the ico, things have been relatively quiet, in re­ shortcomings associated with excessively spect to our interests. long tenure in office is through a fixed Good relations with our neighbors are, of limitation of terms. The 22d amendment course, very important. We share long bor­ HOW TO INCREASE TAX REVE­ ders w1th them. We are closely linked econo­ NUES FROM THE RICH to the Constitution, which limits the mically. And their problems and ours affect. number of terms a President may serve, one another, whether they are mutual prob­ was a step in the right direction; but lems, such as energy, or not. For example. HON. JACK F. KEMP only a step. In limiting the total number both Canada and Mexico helped in our re­ OF NEW YORK of terms that a Congressman may serve, cent energy crisis-brought on by the severe IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES we insure that the Congress will remain cold in our Midwest and East--by making Tuesday, March 22, 1977 responsive to the people. A recurring emergency shipments of oil and natural gas. turnover in the office will give many more to our country. Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, one of the people the opportunity envisioned by the For many sound reasons, it is proper and arguments most commonly used against prudent for us to understand better anct Founding Fathers to trade private life pay more attention to these neighbors of' efforts to cut tax rates across the board for public service, and yet never be so far ours than we have been doing. is that this will amount to a gift to the from private life that the problems and With Canada we have more trade than_ rich. The truth is actually quite the op­ aspirations of the district are forgotten. with any other country in the world-a.net posite because the only way to get the The demand for a 4-year term for more than with all of Europe. rich to pay more taxes is to make it Representatives is long standing. Ever And we have political and mutual security· worth while for them to take their money since the Constitutional Convention, it links with Canada through NATO and bi­ out of tax loopholes and put them into has been argued that the 2-year term lateral agreements, including our combined productive enterprises. North America Air Defense Command. is too short a time for Members to ac­ We are Mexico's top trading partner and'.. By way of illustration, consider the quaint themselves with their duties. she ranks as our fourth. Further, within. following figures which show the per­ Four-year terms would allow Represent­ the U.S. are as many as six million Mexicans, centage of all income taxes paid by those atives to devote more of their time and of whom many are here illegally. And the-­ earning $100,000 and up: attention to legislative responsibilities. problems are complex and serious concern­ Percent of Federal tax revenues paid by in- The 12-year period would allow each ing these Mexican immigrants-and the comes of $100,000 and above incoming Congressman ample time to growing traffic in drugs from Mexico, as well. Also with Mexico we have politically and' 1962 ------5. 1 learn the rules and procedures of the security ties through the Organization of' 1963 ------5.1 Congress, to gain greater insight on a American States and the Rio Treaty. 1964 ------6.3 national scale and to implement pro­ Both countries are dependent on our 1965 ------7.6 grams which caused him to seek office. military strength, political skill, and will for 1966 ------7.5 If a Member is still interested in public their ultimate security. And neither has any· 1967 ------8.5 office, after serving 12 years in the United real concern over our country being a threat, 1968 ------9.2 States House of Representatives, he though we are now a superpower and heav­ As one can see, beginning in 1964 there could run for office in the Senate or some ily armed. Our long borders are not mili­ tary defended frontiers and there are no is a sharp rise in the amount of total tax other elective office. tensions along them-in contrast with the· collected on those who are generally con­ The 4-year term would reduce the borders between Russia and China and be­ sidered rich. It is interesting to note, total campaign cost per Member, saving tween many other countries. however, that the tax rates on these in­ thousands of dollars for candidates, and Both the Canadians and Mexicans have comes were actually going down. Before their contributors. mounting problems which may spill over int() March 2·2, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8619 problems for us, if they cannot cope with variables, such as soil composition, to­ since Thursday because theJr were able­ them well. On some they need our help. pography, and climate. We believe it is along with some help from thrifts which Mexico faces severe economic, a.nd in turn did not want the power-to kill proposed social and politica.l, strains from her bur­ unfair to require individuals with class language in the bill that would have granted .geoning population. Twenty-five years ago II or poorer quality land to compete with checking powers to federally chartered there were 25 m11lion Mexicans; now there others owning parcels of prime agricul­ thrifts in Pennsylvania and New Jersey. are 63 milUon; and 132 million are expected tural land. Let's exa.mine what really happened last by the year 2000. An equivalency concept has been in­ week and put it in the context of your mis­ Mexico is potentially a rich, dynamic na­ corporated into the authorizations of sion here to develop an ABA legislative posi­ tion. She has made remarkable economic some 18 specific reclamation projects. tion with regard to NOW acc01.mts, credit progress in recent decades, and she has been Our bill will simply fill in the gaps, by union activity, and extension of thrift rate the leading nation in development in Latin making the concept uniformly applicable control authority-which means the~ point America. Further, great new oil reserves have differential. recently been found. But her population ex­ to all reclamation projects in the West­ In defeating the Committee's original plosion is creating massive economic and so­ ern United States. plan to begin allowing thrift institutions cial problems, outstripping her economic NOW account power-and for the time being .gains and resulting in 25 % unemployment let's not discuss the issue of interest bearing and growing unrest. versus NINOWs-you failed to stop 12 ad­ Canada's political sta.bility, continuity, and SPEECH BY THE HONORABLE WIL­ ditional months of the ~ percent interest ·economic unity are in prospective jeopardy, LIAM MOORHEAD OF PENNSYL­ that thrifts can offer. You failed to hold because of the possib111ty that the residents VANIA back the growing credit union movement. <>f the province of Quebec may decide by 1981 And you succeeded in retaining the image of to split off from Canada a.s a separate na­ the ABA as being a negative lobbying force­ tion. If such a separation should occur, Can­ HON. JERRY M. PATTERSON that is, what you were against was pretty ada could break up, with the further possi­ clear but what you aire for never surfaced. bility that some of her provinces would bid OF CALIFORNIA Now some may think that the banking to become states of our Union. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES industry will never get what it wants from Also, with a new nationalistic fervor, the Tuesday, March 22, 1977 the Congress so it might as well just mar­ Canadians are concerned over the impact of shal its vaunted resources and spring into $26 billion investment from the U.S. on their Mr. PATTERSON of California. Mr. action every time something develops that economic independence. Their rising tide of Speaker, my distinguished colleague, Mr. it op:poses. This standard operating pro­ nationalism has also led them to invoke some WILLIAM MOORHEAD with whom I serve cedure has worked in the past so why not measures of attempted financial, trade, a.nd on the Committee on Banking, Finance just continue? cultural pTotection. Well the reason is, that the Congress is But regardless of the Canadia.ns'-and and Urban Affairs, recently addressed a tired of the squabbling among financial Mexlcans'-concerns over dominance of their meeting of the American Bankers Asso­ lobbyists that immediately occurs whenever economies through our financial investments, ciation held here in Washington, D.C. He any legislation of substance is proposed. I they need continued heavy inputs of our expressed a concern shared by many of am tired of being told by every banker, sav­ capital to maintain the pace of their eco­ us on the committee stemming from the ings and loan official and mutual savings nomic development. Yet, they swing between failure to produce any meaningful :finan­ bank president, and now add credit unions seeking it and discouraging it for nationalis­ cial institution reform in the 94th Con­ to the list, that a particular piece of legis­ tic pride reasons. gress. I urge all Members of the House lation, if it passes, wm mean the end of For our nation.al interests, we are clearly western civilization as we know it. interested in political, social, and economic to read and carefully weigh his remarks: This taikes me back to last week's action stability and progress in Canada and Mex­ REMARKS OF CONGRESSMAN WILLIAM 8. MOOR­ by the Banking Committee. I don't think ico-for our economic health, continued ft.ow . HEAD BEFORE THE AMERICAN BANKERS Asso­ that was a victory for you. <>f needed imports and exports, a.nd quietude CIATION, FEBRUARY 23, 1977 You lost two big issues, the differential and security in our mutual North American When GeneTal MacArthur made his historic for 12 months and credit union expansion. continent homeland. appearance before a joint session of Congress And don't kid yourself, the differential will So, a.s we think more and more of the in­ after President Truman relieved him of his continue for 12 and 18 months at a time terdependence of the world--as we must­ command in Korea he made the famous unless you help break this cycle by sup­ we ought to stop taking our close neighbors, statement "old soldiers never die, they just porting a positive bill that can pass. the Canadians and Mexicans, for granted and fade away". I have heard that paraphrased I say this now because I believe there still recognize our particularly close interdepend­ a.bout bankers that "old bankers never die, is a chance that the House Committee b111 ence with them. They are marching to their they just lose their interest". might just become a simple three month ex­ own drum.be·at but, with mutual understand­ That paraphrase about bankers is obvious­ tension of the differential--0r Reg Q-as ing and cooperation, we all need to march in ly wrong for two reasons: (a.) ever since I it is popularly but incorrectly entitled. step as much as we can, for our overall best have been in Congress, the bankers I talk The Senate st111 must act on this bill and interests. to seem to be getting younger and younger we all know what happens once the other and (B) you have demonstrated the fact body gets into its togas and begins decorat­ that you have not lost your interest by ing their Christmas trees. AMENDMENT TO FEDERAL RECLA­ coming to this early, wintry Washington The clash of a Senate b111 full of goodies MATION LAW Breakfast. and the House b111 which we reported last Even before I came to Congress in 1959, week might just mean a deadlocked confer­ congressmen and administrations of both po­ ence that can only agree on a short exten­ HON. JOHN KREBS litical parties, academicians and business­ sion of the differential. men have expressed the opinion that the This could be an opportunity for you and OF CALIFORNIA structure of our financial system is in need me to come up with some major items you IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of a thorough overhaul. The hearings on the support and would be w1lling to see in­ Tuesday, March 22, 1977 financial institutions act of 1957 (held be­ cluded in a larger package. fore I came to Congress) established this I, for one, would not be disappointed if Mr. KREBS. Mr. Speaker, my col­ beyond a peradventure of a doubt but to this the Congress passed a three or six month league, the Honorable B. F. SISK, and I day nothing of note has occurred. In the extension of the differential and nothing are pleased to introduce legislation to years following 1957 we considered, by and more-for the time being. modify the 160-acre limitation mandated large, only piecemeal bits of legislation. This would allow us some time to put to­ We did it again last week. gether what I believe to be a more meaning­ by Federal reclamation law enacted over ful package of proposals which benefit each half a century ago. The bill incorporates Last week, the House Banking Committee approved a b111 that contained three mat­ element of the financial industry and brings a 160-acre class I equivalency provision ters of real concern to the banking com­ a bit more rationality to our national fi­ into the 1926 law. munity: 1) an extension for 12 months of nancial structure. Our proposition allows those with a the law that authorizes deposit rate ceilings What I would then propose for your con­ tract of land of lesser quality than class for thrift institutions; 2) language extend­ sideration is a bill that contains language to accomplish the following items: I to own up to a maximum which would ing what are essentially checking accounts to federally chairtered thrift institutions in 1) a resolution to the matter of the dif­ correspond, in terms of potential produc­ ferential enjoyed by thrift institutions; tivity, to 160 acres of class I land. New York State only; and 3) a title enlarg­ ing the lending activities of credit unions, 2) nationwide NOW or NINOW approval; The present limitation simply is not including giving them real mortgage lend­ 3) payment of interest on your FED re­ realistic nor equitable in many areas of ing authority. serves; the country. As we are all aware, the pro­ Lobbyists in Washington, primarily those 4) a continued federal moratorium on ductivity of a parcel of land can vary representing small and large com.rnercia.I state taxation of national banks; substantially as a result of a number of banks, have been congratulating themselves 5) credit union powers-no greater than 8620 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 22, 1977 currently appear in the House Banking domestic economic policy can be greatly af­ 2. It means for many t he simplification of Committee b111; fected by international economic forces. the tax form. 6) federal chartering of mutual savings With that caveat, let us look at the Carter B. The $2 billion for business. banks; Administration economic stimulus package I don't think the latter in dollar terms is 7) increasing the amount of mortgage and ask four questions: very important-but in phychological t erms loan thrifts can make; and 1. What is the package and what are its 1t is terribly important because it demon­ 8) A more equitable tax treatment be­ pluses and minuses; strates that the Carter Administration is not tween banks and S&L's which want to ex­ 2. What w111 Congress do with the package. anti-business. pand their powers. 3. What will the Federal Reserve do as a c. Not a part of the Carter tax package but Now to put some flesh on the bones of the result of the answers to questions 1 and 2; which was made part of it by Ways and Moorhead Act. and Means Committee action is t he proposed t ax Frankly as long as thrift institutions con­ 4. What wm be the effect of the foregoing credit for up to 20 % of the wages of all "new" tinue to remain the overwhelming source three on the United States economy? employees hired by businesses. I hope this of home mortgage loans I believe they As a member of both the Joint Economic will not continue to be a part of the package. should have the benefit of a differential. Committee and the Banking, Finance and Not only is it not targeted toward the great­ Thero are few savings and loans that could Urban Affairs Committee, I am in a unique est need, it may be wrongly t argeted. General match your banks 11 the ~ % did not exist. position to give you reasonably well informed Motors which is healthy economically and You would decimate most of them with your answers to the first three questions. As a going to expand will receive a government multitude of services and investment pos­ member of these two committees I have subsidy whereas American Motors which is sibilities. So let's be honest if the differential heard testimony from the Chairman of the barely holding its own would not. Firms in goes then the S&L goes too. And as I said Counsel of Economic Advisors, the Director the prosperous and expanding southwest as long as they are the only ones lending of OMB, the Secretaries of Treasury, Com­ would receive benefits but firms in the de­ for housing, they should not be regulated merce and Labor, the Chairman of the Fed­ clining northeast would not. out of existence. eral Reserve and members of the business, Let us now look at the jobs portion of the However, proposals have been put forward finance, labor and academic communities. Carter package. It is divided into f01.l r gen­ in the past that call for ending the differ­ If I can give you correct answers to the first eral programs: ( 1) public service jobs; (2) ential in five years or so in return for a three questions, I . hope that you, with your public works; (3) training and youth pro­ broadening of S&L authority. These are not expert knowledge and experience, can give grams; and (4) counter-cyclical revenue without merit and you might consider sup­ me the answers to the fourth question­ sharing. porting one. "What will be the effect on the United States 1. Public Service: I seriously question the I also would include national NOW ac­ economy?" value of a rapid expansion of this program. count language or even universal NINOWs. The objective ls clear and universally The program is not well targeted and hence I know this matter causes ulcers, heartburn, agreed upon-sufficient stimulus to improve not strongly anti-recessionary. It does not angina pectoris, and stroke among bankers a lagging economy without speeding up in­ have any automatic phase out and hence but following the Fed's lead, NOWs may be flation. may have a future inflationary impact. It an idea whose time has come. To be completely fair, let me give you the does have the virtue of producing jobs less I .know all of the stories about "no free bias which I bring to this universally agreed expensively but these jobs tend to be make­ lunches" and somebody has to pay for NOW's upon objective. work with no future for the job holder and but I envision any lifting of the ban on I believe that it is terribly important to no lasting benefit to the community. checking account interest to be accompanied distinguish between, on the one hand, mat­ 2. Public Works: A public works program by the Fed payment of interest on your re­ ters of short-term, urgent priorities and, can be targeted to areas of need and is tar­ serves. The comparative numbers can be on the other hand, matters of long-term im­ geted to the depressed construction industry. worked out but it ls essential that one must portance. The Administration believes that the vast help pay for the other. Recession and unemployment should be majority of expenditure will not occur until My package also would contain language classified as short-term and urgent. fiscal 1978. Many members of Congress, my­ to allow state chartered mutual savings Control of inflation is a long-term im­ self included, believe that because of the banks to convert to federally chartered in­ portant problem--especially for political number of public works projects already stit,utions; a proposal that would bring the democracies. planned and submitted by the localities un­ home mortgage loan amounts closer to what Let us examine the Carter package in light der the previous bill that this program can it costs today to purchase a house; and new of the foregoing. be quickly accelerated. Finally, this program, credit unions powers including the ability to The package can be divided into two because it would automatically terminate, make mortgage loans. parts--1) tax cuts and 2) increased job need not have a long term inflationary im· Now I would include in the blll, too, an oriented expenditures. pact. extension of the Federal moratorium on As we do so we should be asking ourselves: state taxation of national banks. Your exist­ ( 1) whether the stimulus is too large or too 3. Training and Youth Programs : The ing nightmarish regulatory situation would small; (2) whether the mixture be.tween, on President proposes to raise spending on these not be eased by suddenly having to pay the one hand, tax cuts (temporary and long programs from $2.8 billion to $3.1 billion taxes---and do the necessary paperwork-in term) and, on the other, increased job fo­ in this fiscal year and to $4.4 billion in fiscal every state where a loan was secured cused expenditures (temporary and long 1978. This program is targeted to groups such acquired 'or made. ' term) ls the proper mixture; and (3) wheth­ as young people, minorities in the cities and The House now employs a new process of er the timing allocation among fiscal 1977, Viet Nam war veterans. These programs referring bills to committee called sequen­ 1978 and future years is the best timing. should increase the productivity of t he per­ tial referral. At bottom what this means ls Let's look at the tax picture first. sons benefited by them, and, in the long that two committees can work on a single It is divided into two parts 1) short­ run, should have no inflationary impact. bill simultaneously-as long as their work term rebates and 2) long-term tax reduc­ 4. Counter-cyclical Revenue Sharing : I am ls limited to that portion of the blll within tions. particularly interested in this program be­ their committee jurisdiction. Intellectually, the $50 rebate is the hard­ cause the idea originated in the Joint Eco­ This procedure would allow me to include est to defend. Will it be spent and hence nomic Committee in the Urban Affairs Sub­ in the bUl I propose language that-along stimulative or squirreled away and not effec­ committee, which I chair. The idea behind with increased powers-grants just and tive? How can we justify an untargeted na­ this program is to help coordinate state and equitable tax treatment to all institutions. tionwide largess when some parts of the local economic policies with Federal eco­ For those S&L's that want to break out nation are better off than others? nomic policies. It is estimated that this pro­ of their constraints and compete with the I think that I and other members of Con­ gram preserves from 70,000 to 97,000 jobs banks, I say they should. But at the same gre;;s can rise above (or below) these intel­ per $1 blllion. Again, this program should time they cannot continue to enjoy tax lectual objecticns and look at the practical. not by itself be inflationary because: treatment reserved for the type of institu­ 1. It addresses the urgent problem of re­ A. It 1s targeted to the areas of greatest tion they no longer are. By the same token, cession and unemployment quickly; need and; a small S&L that wants to stay that way 2. It is a one shot solution which by itself forever, borrowing Short and lending long, B. Because it phases down as national has no long-term inflationary effetcs. unemployment rates decline and is eUmi­ making mortgage loans within their com­ The second part of the tax package is per­ munity should be encouraged-through the nated when the national unemployment rate manent and hence potentially inflationary in drops below 6 % . tax system-to do just that. the longer term. Now I've thrown a lot of ideas your ways The stimulus program need not by itself this morning and before finishing I want It is a permanent $6 billi::m package di­ accelerate the rate of inflation. Current in­ to make a few observations on the Carter vided roughly $4 billion for individuals and flation is not the result of excessive demand, economic proposals and the state of the $2 b111ion for business. a tight labor market or of shortages which economy in general. A. The $4 billion for individuals can only would be exacerbated by increased govern­ There are other economic questions--par­ be justified on two grounds. ment spending. In fact there is great slack in ticularly international economic questions 1. Inflation has pushed the average wage the economy with manufacturing capacity at upon which, because of time, I will not touch earner into a permanently higher tax bracket 80 percent, millions of workers idle, and no today. However, it is quite obvious that any and hence this is a reasonable proposition. shortages of key commodities. March 2·2, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8621 The important aspect of the inflation prob­ visions in the Federal Criminal Code will argument being made for construction lem lies in the way business and labor re­ serve as a model for other States in up­ unions is totally fallacious. spond to the stimulus package. If business The argument goes like this: views the increase in demand generated by dating their own criminal laws. If, say, the electrical workers in an indus­ the program as an opportunity to raise prices My own personal experience has trial plant decide to strike, they are per­ rather than expand output, inflation and shown me the wisdom of this approach mitted by law to picket the entire plant and not reduced unemployment will be a product in reducing crimes related to the illegal thus close it down if other craft unions don't of the program. Similarly, if labor takes the use of firearms, I commend it to my cross the picket lines. Therefore, the argu­ opportunity of increased demand to raise colleagues. ment continues, if the electrical workers on wages and not the numbers of employed, in­ a building being constructed have a griev­ flation wUl be a product of the program. Suc­ ance with their employer, they should be cess of the stimulus package then will rest EQUAL TREATMENT MYTH permitted to picket the entire construction importantly !n the wi111ngness of business project and close it down if other union and labor to forego short-run gains in prices members don't cross the lines. and wages for longer run gains in employ­ HON. DAVID E. SATTERFIE.LD III But there's a major difference between the ment and total income. OF VIRGINIA two situations: In discussing the proposed economic stim­ In the industrial plant, the electricians ulus package, I would have to admit that I IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and all the other employes have the same haven't given you an optimistic point of Tuesday, March 22, 1977 employer. In sharp contrast, on the construc­ view. It may be that the program is too little tion site there are many different employers and too late to do much good, or it may be Mr. SATTERFIELD. Mr. Speaker, (subcontractors), and none of them, except that the consequences will be to add to the there have been repor~ about a survey the one employing the electricians, is re­ present inflationary pressures. conducted by the Building and Construc­ sponsible for any grievances the electricians The purpose of my discussion with you, tion Trades Department of the AFL-CIO have with their boss. So the federal law however, was to point out that members of of public opinion concerning the common rightly prohibits "secondary boycotts" Congress do recognize that, in addition to situs picketing bill scheduled for :floor ac­ against subcontractors not involved in a la­ the short-term problem of recession and bor dispute. unemployment, it is necessary to take into tion this week. An editorial from the H.R. 3500, now pending in Congress, would consideration the long-term problem of in­ Richmond Times-Dispatch, Sunday, charuJe the law to permit common situs flation. A carefully balanced program is what March 20, 1977, raises a serious question picketing, or secondary boycotts. It is a bad is needed. Let us devotedly hope that we about the survey's validity. The editorial bill, and its passage could do harm to the strike that proper balance. Thank you. follows: construction industry and lA- the economy. "EQUAL TREATMENT" MYTH But it almost certainly will be passed by this labor-oriented Congress unless there is A new nationwide public opinion survey a powerful demonstration of opposition on discloses that the public, by a margin of the part of the American people, who should MANDATORY SENTENCES FOR nearly two-to-one, favors changing the fed­ not be fooled by the phony and misleading FIREARMS MISUSE eral labor law to give construction workers title: A bill to protect the economic rights the right to picket an entire construction of labor in the building and construction in­ project instead of being limited to picketing dustry by providing for equal treatment of HON. HAROLD S. SAWYER the employer with whom they have a griev­ craft and industrial workers. OF MICHIGAN ance. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES So claims the Building and Construction Trades Department of the AFL-CIO. Tuesday, March 22, 1977 The claim, made in a recent news release, was surprising, since only la.st year a survey THE NEED TO REFORM THE Mr. SA WYER. Mr. Speaker, as a conducted for the National Right to Work REGULATORY AGENCIES freshman Member of Congress and Committee by the highly respected Opinion former county prosecutor, one of my Research Corporation of Princeton, N.J., principal concerns is the growing crime showed 73 per cent of persons questioned HON. ELLIOTT H. LEVITAS rate throughout our Nation and the need opposed to changing the law to permit com­ OF GEORGIA to have on the record tough judicial mon situs picketing, as it is called, and a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES laws, particularly, crimes involving fire­ mere 16 per cent favoring such a change. arms. The mystery \\ANDREW YOUNG AND EASY MORALITY IN It is imperceptive to hold, despite the evi­ and as director of programs of then new FOREIGN AFFAmS dence, that race is the No. 1 international Eastern Branch in Washington. After 10 (By Michael Novak) problem. The spread of tyranny and the in­ years in New Rochelle, he became director En route to Nigeria, UN Ambassador An­ creasing totalitarianization of terror to es­ of the then new Georgetown Branch in drew Young refused to associate himself with tablish and to maintain tyranny, is inde­ Washington. In 1955 the Boys Clubs of pendent of race. Daniel Patrick Moynihan's charge that !di The easy, almost flip morality of Andy America assigned him to Newton, Mass., and Amin is a "racist murderer." A few days two years later he accepted an invitation to later, the papers were filled with news of the Young's "new politics" will change. Young's return to New Rochelle as executive director, experience has been narrow, but he learns apparent murder by Amin of an Anglican quickly. His education educates us all. the post from which he is retiring. archbishop and two talented Ugandan offi­ Mascaro said he plans to remain in New cials, all black. Rochelle and be available to assist the club Well, at least Idi Amin isn't a racist. in the future. He expressed his appreciation Most of the 50,000 or more persons he has EX-SECRETARY: ALL-VOLUNTEER to all those affiliated with the Boys Club of murdered, in a state smaller than North New Rochelle at the 48th annual meeting of Carolina, are of the same race as he. (Afri­ ARMY WORKS the Boards of Directors Which was held re­ can leaders like Kenneth Kaunda have called cently. Amin a "racialist.") HON. WILLIAM A. STEIGER Mascaro also thanked the City Councils Next, Ambassador Young, who has made since 1929 which have supported the work Pat Moynihan seem discreet and wise and OF WISCONSIN of the Boys Club. He also cited the support reticent, informed a credulous world that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the members of the Wykagyl Country racism is the greatest political threat in the Tuesday, March 22, 1977 Club which for the past 14 years has made world. Not Soviet power, nor nuclear de­ its facilities available to the Boys Club for struction, but racism. What is the evidence Mr. STEIGER. Mr. Speaker, Martin golf and dinners. for his assertion. Hoffman, Secretary of the Army during One can understand that Ambassador the Ford administration, was inter­ Young, for all his short life, has been pre­ viewed in the Washington Star's "Q and oc~upied with questions of race. Commu­ A" column March 21. Martin Hoffman AMBASSADOR OR ANTAGONIST? nism, he confessed, "has never been a per­ sonal threat to me." Yet if each of us were is a veteran Defense Department official, to interpret world realities by personal ex­ and he has excellent insights into the HON. ROBERT E. BAUMAN periences, as the ambassador seems to do, status of today's all-volunteer military what a jungle of selfish viewpoints would and the contrast to its predecessor, OF MARYLAND be in conflict. No view larger than the self which relied on conscription to meet IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES would be possible. manpower needs. Tuesday, March 22, 1977 In most of the trouble spots of the world, If anyone is an expert on the volun­ racism is demonstrably not at issue. North­ teer military, it is Martin Hoffman. He Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, no U.S. ern Irish and the IRA are not divided by points out in the course of the interview Ambassador to the United Nations has color, Christian and Moslem Lebanese are not of different color. Turks and Greeks that the Volunteer Army is a success, ever delivered as many astounding re­ are not. Cambodians and Vietnamese are both quantitatively and qualitatively. marks about the world situation as has not. Chinese and Taiwanese are not. Niger­ Perhaps his most important answer is Andrew Young. Since his appointment by ians and Biafrans are not. The three war­ the question of why there are now so President Carter, Mr. Young has amazed ring tribes of Angola are not. Cubans and many people attacking the Volunteer his fellow citizens by claiming that Cuban South Africans are not. Not even Arabs and Army. He cites three reasons:· mercenary troops, now widely believed Israelis are different racial stock. Both are 1. Despite the all-volunteer force's to be on a march of conquest from Semites. Whence does Ambassador Young derive successes, some adjustments do need to Angola through Zaire, promote a "cer­ the notion that race is the No. 1 issue in be made. The strongest supporters of the tain order and stability" and that racism, international affairs? In South Africa and concept acknowledge this. not Communist imperialism, is the in Rhodesia, this is the case. In how man~ 2. Many people predicted the Volun­ greatest threat to the African continent's other places? teer Army would fail. They want to see future peace and security. Ambassador Young is, again, full of moral their predictions come true, so they pick I have previously called upon the fervor about majority rule in South Africa and in Rhodesia. But what precisely does he at the few disappointments since the Ambassador to clarify his views in these mean by this? Does he mean democratic rule, draft ended in January 1973. matters and to explain why, assuming or simply rule by those of whichever race is 3. There has been a lot of misinfor­ his sincerity in holding these absurd in the majority? "Majority rule" may be a mation about the allocation of money views, he should not resign immediately. democratic concept, or a merely racist con­ for active-duty military personnel. All I continue in that call today. cept. As columnist John Roche has pointed raises since 1964 in the manpower area There may yet be a faint glimmer of out, "majority rule" in the American South have been blamed on the volunteer force, was not democratic or just. despite the fact it did not go into effect hope for Ambassador Young, however, if And what about "majority rule" in Czech­ the gentleman is willing to submit him­ oslovakia, and China, and Lithuania? Am­ until 1973. In fact, the share of the De­ self to an education in the facts of inter­ bassador Young is surely just as shocked by fense Department budget going to active national life. One excellent place for the systematic repression in such places. military forces has decreased since the Ambassador to commence this crash Ambassador Young, again, would not per­ advent of the volunteer force by a sub­ course ~ found in the good sense Mr. mit the U.S. to trade with Rhodesia, so long stantial amount. Michael Novak regularly puts forth in as blacks are excluded from governance. Two Marty Hoffman makes a number of his column for the Washington Star. questions follow. other very important points in the in- 8624 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 22, 1977 terview. I hope his comments on this was called to serve his country when not all because the supply of obligated reservists important issue are most carefully con­ his contemporaries were called to serve. The from the Vietnam era would expire. We knew sidered by all who read the RECORD: Gates Commission pointed this out after the that. I asked for hearings on the all-volun­ Lyndon Johnrnn Commission on the draft teer force to address that problem. We ad­ Ex-SECRETARY: ALL-VOLUNTEER ARMY WORKS had designed the lottery system and called dressed it in our posture statement. That is Martin Hoffman, a veteran Defense Depart• for greater equity in salaries. There were the next area that has to be looked at, to see ment omcial and secretary of the Army dur­ arguments raised about raising salaries by how we wlll attract the number of people in ing the Ford administration, was interviewed those who supported the all-volunteer force the reserves that we wm need. With respect by Washington Star Staff Writer Vernon A. who said, "we should do this and the only to the IRR, that mechanism depends on the Guidry Jr. way you can do it is to have high enough draft for calUng them. The individuals a.re in Question: When you were secretary of the salaries to support it." It has helped the vol­ the society-the question ls getting the lists Army, it was omcial policy to say that the unteer force, there's no question about that. and having a mechanism to produce them. It all-volunteer Army was a success. Was it a The question remains: Would you not have currently takes upwards of 130 days before success? had to do that anyway-volunteer force or we can get the first man called available to Hoffman: It was omcial policy to say it no volunteer force? the m111tary and that's simply too long. was a success because-pursuant to a policy Q: And the answer? Q: Do you think the idea of a reservist of telling things the way they were-it was A: The answer is yes. The American people draft is feasible? a success. It was a success in a number of were simply unwilllng to have those young A: I don't know. There have been sug­ regards. We demonstrated the capab111ty to men and women who were called paid a very gestions that this be considered and I think maintain the strength of the services with low salary and, in effect, taxed because they that it should be considered to see what quality enlistments under a volunteer sys­ were called to serve the national defense's might be done in the future. But untn we've tem for the active force. That had not only interest whtle their contemporaries who were had a chance to hold hearings to see what been demonstrated but it had been done up not called or were not qualified were in bet­ the poss1:b111ties are through modest ex­ until the time Congress undertook to cut ter financial position. It hasn't been equal­ penditures to bring our reserve recruitment the funds .... ized yet and you can't make it directly com­ into line with our active recruitment, I Q: Wh:&t fund cuts do you refer to? parable and I would argue that we shouldn't. don't think we should consider bringing the A: In the fiscal 1976 budget there was a But on the other hand to just take the total draft back for the reserve forces. cut. In the 1977 budget there had been a increase and ascribe it to the all-volunteer Q: Statistics indicate that with the pop­ tremendous cut, based on the congressional force is faulty reasoning and does a tre­ ulation breakdown in the 1980s, there will pressures to do so, by the administration. mendous disservice to the tremendous suc­ not be enough young people to man the new The total cut between fiscal '75 and fiscal '77 cess the all-volunteer force has had to date. slots in the all-volunteer force. Is that a real was 22 percent. As anyone who is in the Q: Whatever the reasons for the individual consideration? manpower business today can tell you, if elements of the personnel cost package, there A: If you make the judgment as you made you're going to be competitive in the market­ are those who say it's too high--among them tt--the pool wm be too small to support the place you've got to spend money to be selec­ the current secretary of defense. Is it too all-volunteer force-then you're right. On tive and to get your story across. There are high and what can be done to bring it down the other hand if we continue to improve the a number of opportunities for qualified within the all-volunteer force concept? quality of mmtary service the way we have youth today in the country, and if you're A: The first thing is where do you get the and the way we can, if we continue to make not competitive you won't get the kind of 65 percent or the 60 percent or 50 percent mmt·ary service competitive, I think there quality 1n the numbers that you need. We figure they're using? The fact is that the are a number of things going on which are demonstrated that we can do that but there cost for active mmtary pay is 24 percent and going to help the m111tary services. This is a reticence to take and put monies in the cost for direct hire civ111ans is 18 cents society is urbanizing at a tremendous rate. the front end of the recruiting process to out of the Army dollar. You can add in such The opportunities for young people to get attract and be selective about these young things as uniforms and such things as train­ into a job where they can demonstrate or men. The result is that we're paying more ing costs or equipment that you give those learn basic leadership a.b111ties, where they in terms of losing people, high attrition, people because they're soldiers rather than can learn a sklll, travel, where they can get having to have a training base tha.t is larger stenographers. You can get the figure up out of their hometown with a profee:sion to than we would need if we had the highest like that. Retirement is going up, that is pursue and look at their future through quality people we could get. the largest percent of increase. The Defense more objective eyes-those opportunities are Q: If it is successful, why are we hearing Department is the only agency in town which shrinking. I don't see that there wm be a so many attacks from so many people? budgets as a line item its retirement funds. problem, particularly if through negotiations A: There are a number of sources of that. If you took every other agency and took the with the Soviets we'll be able to mutually First, having said it's successful to date retirement from whatP.ver source-the execu­ reduce our deployed forces in Europe and doesn't mean we don't have to make some tive· retirement or civil service retirement-­ hopefully take other steps in the next adjustments to the all-volunteer force and to you would see that those costs a.re escalat­ decade to reduce our needs for mmtary the draft itself. Second, there are a number ing too. Look at other industry. Look at the people. of people that had predicted it would fail at railroads, where the figure for salaries of the outset who would like to see that predic­ people is nearly 50 percent of the opera.ting tion come true. That's human nature. They expenses of the railroads. This is happening CONSISTENCY URGED ON COURTS look at the disappointments. I don't say that throughout America. IN DEALING WITH CHURCH-STATE it has satisfied everybody but on balance it · Q: But the figure is, nonetheless, high. ISSUES has been hugely successful. So you have a A: Yes the figure ls too high if there are number of people that are looking at the ways to lower it. I think that under the b11ls quarter of the glass that is not full rather proposed by the last administration to start HON. JOSHUA EILBERG that the three-quarters that is full. The third to make some reforms in retirement in a sys­ OF PENNSYLVANIA reason is that there is a lot of misinforma­ tem set up for the military in World War II, tion with respect to the allocation of monies. there could be some savings ta.ken there. But IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES And those that think that too much money to sit back and look at a percentage-which Tuesday, March 22, 1977 is being spent for manpower these days as­ is highly questionable in my judgment-­ sign all the raises that we've had since 1964 without regard to what's happened in the Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, recently in the manpower area to the an-volunteer society at large and to undertake to penalize the National Labor Relations Board or­ force. That simply isn't true. There are some one department on that account doesn't com­ dered the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of problems that we do have to face. We do have port with the facts. We've got to make what Philadelphia to hold a representation to modernize the draft, but that doesn't mean reasonable savings we can in personnel costs election to determine whether or not lay that the all-volunteer force has failed to date but they should be taken in contempiatlon or that we shouldn't keep the volunteer in­ of the fact that the society is changing, that teachers in 269 Catholic elementary stitution as we have it today and bring the inflation is changing things, that we do have schools wish to be represented by a union draft up to date so that lt represents the to and wm have to pay a cost for defense for the purposes of collective bargaining. portion and capability in the manpower area under an all-volunteer force concept that is It is not my intention, Mr. Speaker, to that we ought to have. competitive at least in the marketplace. address myself to the merits of the dis­ Q: Much of the criticism concerns sal­ Q: What about the reserve forces, where pute between the Association of Cath­ aries. Isn't that a mixed bag-including the shortfalls have numbered in the tens of thou­ olic Teachers and the Catholic Arch­ so-called comparabil1tv levels legislation sands, where some have said the problem has As pac:;sed by Congress which did raise the · sal­ reached crisis proportions? diocese. a matter of fact, I am en­ aries independent of whether or not there A: The shortfalls in reserves are approach­ couraged by a statement made to me by was a draft and oa.y raises for the lower ing crisis proportions. The shortfalls in the Msgr. George S. Wierzalis, on behalf of grades that was aimed directly at an all­ individual ready reserves (IRR), that pool of the pastors' committee of the archdio­ vol1.1nteer force? individuals you would call on in the event of cese, that-- A: It is, to some extent, a mixed bag but mob111za.tion, has, I think, probably reached Neither the archdiocese nor its pastors are the general thrust behind the increases since crisis proportions. That problem a.rose this opposed to collective bargaining representa­ 1964 was to do equity to the individual who last year as everyone had predicted it would tion for lay teachers. March 2·2, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8625 My concern, Mr. Speaker, is with the the elementary schools of the Archdiocese of is the representative of the Japanese inconsistency with which the Federal Philadelphia while religiously associated, are House of Representatives at numerous Government approaches the issue of pa­ not completely religious and are of the type parliamentary meetings at the U.N., is over which the Board has asserted jurisdic­ rochial schools. On the one hand, we find tion." especially interested in the security and the Na·tional Labor Relations Board as­ Over the past several years the United stability of East Asia and in particular serting its jurisdiction in this case on States Supreme Court has been saying that the situation in South Korea. the ground that it could find no merit these very same parish elementary schools He recently addressed the Sixth Gen­ in the claim of the Catholic schools that are not entitled to substantial governmental eral Assembly of the Japan-Republic of they were "completely religious" in na­ aid beca. use they are: Korea Parliamentarians' Association in ture, and therefore beyond the reach of 1. An integral part of the religious mission Tokyo. I am pleased to insert his remarks of the Catholic Church" (Lemon v. Kurtz­ the Labor Board. On the other hand, we man, 1971); made on that occasion: find the Supreme Court repeatedly deny­ 2. Institutions "in which religion is so per­ REMARKS OF ELICHI NAKAD ing governmental aid to parochial vasive that a substantial portion of their Mr. Chairman, honored guests of the Na­ schools precisely because of their "re­ functions are subsumed in the religious mis­ tional Assembly of Korea, my colleagues in ligious" character. sion.'' (Meek v. Pittenger, 1975); the National Diet of Japan, ladies and gen­ Msgr. Wierzalis, in a letter to me on 3. "Religion-pervasive institutions whose tlemen: On behalf of my colleagues and behalf of the archdiocese and the pastors, very purpose ... is to provide an integrated myself, I wish to extend to our distinguished secular and religious education, the teach­ visitors from the National Assembly of Korea, puts his finger on the issue when he de­ ing process is, to a large extent, devoted to lead by the Honorable Kim Johng Pil, a warm clares that "government cannot have it the inculcation of a religious values and and sincere we_come to Japan. It is, indeed, both ways." I agree, Mr. Speaker. I think belief.'' (Meek v. Pittenger, 1975); a privilege and pleasure to have you as hon­ that if the Government is going to in­ 4. Institutions providing a secular educa­ ored guests in our country. I hope your visit volve itself in the problems of these tion which "goes hand in hand with the here will be both productive and enjoyable. parochial schools, it must involve itself religious mission that is the only reason for It is my hope that the discussions of this all the way-in their financial problems the schools' existence. Within the institu­ Organization will provide both of our coun­ as well as their labor-management prob­ tions, the two are inextricably intertwined." tries inspiration, guides for future action and (Meek v. Pittenger, 1975); contribute to strengthening the friendship lems; and if the Government is going to 5. Institutions so operated that "it would and relationships between us. take a hands-off policy in one area, it simply ignore reality to attempt to separate I want to express by deep appreciation for must take a hands-off policy in both. secular education functions from the pre­ the honor of being invited to speak to this This is a matter which is now before dominately religious role performed" by the Organization. the Federal courts, and it must ultimate­ schools. (Meek, v. Pittenger, 1975); Today, I want to speak on one of our ly be resolved there. My plea, however, 6. "Predominantly religious in character." mutual problems which is a matter of deep (Meek v. Pittenger, 1975); concern to me and which is probably the is for a measure of consistency o~ the 7. Institutions in which secular "teach­ main theme of this meeting. The problem part of the courts. Consistency mea:;.1s ing cannot be separated from the environ­ to which I refer is the peace and security predictability and those of us with any ment in which it occurs." (Lemon v. Kurtz­ of East A·sia and teh proposal of the new familiarity with the law know that the man, 1971); United States Administration to withdraw most important ingredient is that people 8. Institutions in which "inculcation of u .S. ground troops from the Republic of be able to predict, with some reasonable religious values is a substantial 1f not the Korea. If our policy on this prob:em is not assurances, how the courts will act in dominant purpose of the institutions." (Til­ realistic or if we takP. too easy an attitude given areas. ton v. Richardson, 1971) . in facing this problem it will affect the des­ The position of the pastors of the 269 tiny of both of our countries and the secu­ Mr. Speaker, Msgr. Wierzalis has pro­ parishes and the Archdiocese is: government rity and prosperity of all of East Asia. vided me with some cogent arguments cannot have it both ways. [When I use the term East Asia I mean which the Catholic Archdiocese of Phil­ Neither the Archdiocese nor its pastors are the Republic of Korea (South Korea), Japan adelphia will present in court in urging opposed to collective bargaining representa­ and the Republic of China (Taiwan). I real­ a consistent policy toward the parochial tion for lay teachers, but they are opposed ize the term "East Asia" has several different schools, not only of Philadelphia but to governmental interference in parish meanings. In this speech I use the term East throughout the Nation. I commend these schools. The government is interfering in Asia to mean only the three free countries of the schools now by arbitrarily deciding that East Asia given above, i.e., the Republic of views to my colleagues, and at this point Catholic parish elementary schools are not Korea, Japan and the Republic of China.] I introduce into the RECORD the text of religious enough to avoid interference by a When Vice President Mondale visited Msgr. Wierzalis' letter: federal regulatory agency but too religious Tokyo on behalf of President Carter, I de­ FEBRUARY 28, 1977. to merit state or federal aid. livered a personal letter to the Vice Presi­ Hon. JOSHUA En.BERG, The parish pastors have voted unanimous­ dent stating that, as a member of the Na­ House Office Building, ly to resist any interference by the NLRB tional Diet of Japan, I strongly opposed the Washington, D.C. in parish schools. The Archdiocese concurs withdrawal of U.S. troops from South Korea DEAR REPRESENTATIVE EILBERG: On Jan­ with this decision. as this will strongly affect the peace and se­ uary 17, 1977, the National Labor Relations I am acquainting you as a Member of the curity of all of East Asia unless there are Board (NLRB) issued an order for an elec­ House with a very important situation occur­ strong · and effective measures to avoid any tion to determine whether the elementary ring in your district. destabilization of East Asia. lay teachers in the 269 parish schools in the We are anxious to know what you, as a The Japanese Government tried to avoid Archdiocese of Philadelphia wished to be Member of the House, are willing to do to this matter because of the domestic political represented by the Association of Catholic stop the NLRB from intruding into parish situation in Japan. However, my letter to Teachers (ACT) Local 1776 American Feder­ elementary schools. We are asking for your Vice President Mondale was leaked to news­ ation of Teachers. assistance and help, and await your reply. papers. That ignited public discussion of the In its decision the NLRB said it finds "no Sincerely, question of the withdrawal of U.S. troops merit" in the contention that parish ele­ Rev. Msgr. GEORGE s. WIERZALIS. from South Korea which has shaken some­ mentary schools are "completely religious." what the apathy of the public. "The Board's policy is to decline jurisdic­ The withdrawal of U.S. ground forces from diction over religiously sponsored organiza­ South Korea affects not only the security o~ tions 'only when they are completely religi­ EIICHI NAKAO South Korea but also the security of Japan ous, not just religiously associated.' Roman and all of East Asia. It is a matter which Catholic Archdiocese of Baltimore, Archdio­ also affects the security of the United States cesan High Schools, 216 NLRB 249 ( 1975) . HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI itself. So it is a matter of vital interest to The record shows that the major part of the OF ILLINOIS all of us, the three free countries of East elementary school curriculum is devoted to Asia and the United States itself. It is a the same kinds of nonreligious subjects as . IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES factor in the international balance of power. are taught in public schools and that the Tuesday, March 22, 1977 Most important: Is the withdrawal a signal subject of religion accounts for less than 15 that the United States is changing its estab­ percent of the schools' weekly schedule. Fur­ Mr. DER.WINSKI, Mr. Speaker, as an. lished global defense and strategic policies? thermore, the parishes comply with the active member of numerous parliamen­ This is matter of major concern to East Commonwealth requirements regarding cur­ tary groups, I have been privileged over Asia. Also, the withdrawal raises again ques­ riculum and number of school days per year. the years to work with many of our coun­ tions of American credibility. The schools offer various activities, includ­ terparts from the legislative branches of Before I state my view of the situation, ing sports and field trips, similar to those other countries. let me first tell you one fact of cold real­ available to students attending public One of the outstanding members of the ity which has shocked me. schools. In these circumstances, we find that Japanese Parliament. Eiichi Nakao, who Within 72 hours of the inauguration of 8626 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 22, 1977 the new Carter Administration, President However, the present case of U.S. withdrawal may lose the political confidence of Amer­ Carter sent Vice President Mondale on a from South Korea appears to be a unilateral ica. So I worry about this. special mission to visit the principal allies decision by Preside.::i t Carter based on his I know my brother legislators from Korea of the United States in Western Europe and campaign promise and without strategic share my concern, so as a Japanese, I must to Japan whom the U.S. considers its princi­ consultation with South Korea. say they should strongly oppose the U.S. pal ally in East Asia. Ladies and Gentlemen, even though we withdrawal from South Korea. However, in following and comparing the are all aware of the Kixon Doctrine should I trust the capability of both President actions of Vice President Mondale in We'3tern we accept unilateral decisions on free world Carter and Prime Minister Fukud·a. They are Europe and in Japan I have found a shocking defense strategy made only by America? Or fine leaders. But there are times when difference. Do you realize what he did in Eu­ by consultation on only small details? Ladies politically they must consider their domestic rope? There is a clear difference between his and Gentlemen, this is obviously a char­ positions. I believe it is President Carter's attitude in Western Europe and his attitude acteristic of the Carter Administration on true heart that he wants to listen to the con­ in Asia-in Tokyo. I found there is a very this matter (withdrawal). sultatAon of America's allies. When Prime vital difference which I can't understand. Sometimes we can not help thinking that Minister Fukuda says, "I don't want the In Western Europe the Vice President, ac­ the withdrawal of U.S. troops is only because balance of power destroyed in East Asia", I companied by other high American officials, of a promise which President Carter made believe that is his real b9lief in this matter. first visited NATO headquarters to encourage during the last election campaign in the U.S. In South Korea the memory of the Korean NATO and confirmed continued U.S. support He made the promise without considering War is stm vivid. Day and night, Koreans of NATO. After the visit to NATO headquar­ how such a withdrawal could be made with­ must think about their national survival and ters he then visited the EEC headquarters. out affecting the security of not only South the threats from Communist countries. Then the Vice President went to Germany Korea but all of East Asia. How could such a Recently the Korean Government announced and confirmed U.S. support for the defense withdrawal be made without endangering they must move the capitol from Seoul be­ of West Germany and West Berlin. the poltical stability of East Asia? Hasn't he cause of the threats. So now I would like to To dramatize this reconfirmation of 0on­ considered how it will also affect the defense urge you Korean statesmen that you should tinued U.S. support of NATO and West Ger­ of the U.S. itself? I must ask such questions. many, Vice President Mondale flew to West do your utmost best to persuade the Amer­ In considering the question of withdrawal ican people of the seriousness of the with­ Berlin to visit the Berlin Wall. Then, having of U.S. troops from South Korea and its im­ taken such a dramatic action, in front of the pact on the peace and security of East drawal of troops from Korea as well as the Berlin Wall, he expressed U.S. determination Asia, we should examine how West Germany matter of non-consultation on the q,uestion to continue support of NATO and to defend and NATO have faced the same problem in of withdrawal. At the same time, Japanese Western Europe. Western Europe. statesmen and politicians who share the I wa.s impressed by this d·ramatic action According to our understanding, one of same opinion, without fearing the noise from for this is the way the leader of the free the characteristics of the Carter Administra­ the mass communications media, should do world should act. NATO and the Western Eu­ tion was to be consultation with America's their utmost best to influence Prime Minister rope allies of the U.S. will feel safer because allies before decisions were made. This we Fukuda to arrive at a correct judgment and of this. appreciated. urge him to stand up and express very But what about East Asia? As you know, Western European countries frankly our worries on these matters. This The shocking contrast between the Vice not only in economic affairs through the will be to meet American expectations of President's actions in Western Europe and EEC but in defense affairs through NATO Japan, as the U.S. is publicly asking for Japan began in Paris. Before departure from made their opinions known to President consultation. Paris, a member of the Mondale mission an­ Carter and this resulted in Mondale's state­ I have a good personal relationship with nounced that the U.S. wanted to withdraw ment at the Berlin Wall. Prime Minister Fukuda and I believe he 5,000 U.S. ground troops from South Korea As for East Asia, President Carter has understands all of this very well. But his as soon as possible and wanted Japan to un­ frequently expressed the desire for consulta­ political situation is very delicate. derstand this withdrawal. In Japan, we tion with Japan on East Asia affairs. So it Ladies and Gentlemen, based on an under­ thought that, perhaps, this was only a trial becomes a matter of how Japan meets these standing of the facts of this problem, Japa­ balloon, but it was shocking nevertheless. expectations. nese, Korean and, also, American statesmen Of course, Mondale said there would be The problem involves the attitudes of the and politicians must give attention to the consultation with South Korea and Japan, Japanese to frankly face up to this. For ex­ facts and concepts of the two following points but it was announced after his return to ample, how does the withdrawal of U.S. I wish to make. I believe these two points Washington that consultation was to be only ground forces from South Korea affect Ea.st can contribute to a new structure of peace on the questions of timing and number of Asia? How do changes in the situation on in Asia and, also, contribute to an easing troops to be withdrawn NOT on the basic the Korean Peninsula affect Japan? The of tensions. question of the withdrawal itself. In this I (Japanese) Foreign Minister has spoken of First, the economic power of the three see a huge difference in his enthusiasm be­ "The necessity of easing tension on the countries of East Asia, Japan, South Korea tween the support of NATO and the defense Korean Peninsula and preparing the inte.r­ and Taiwan, is now · equivalent to that of of western Europe and the defense of East national atmosphere". But in this, how can the EEC. The economic growth rate of East Asia. Japan influence the U.S.S.R. and the Peoples' Asia is greater than that of Western Europe. Ladies and Gentlemen, has any American Republic of China? So concerning such a This economic power contributes not only blood been spilled at the Berlin Wall? Why vital problem, Japan must express her beliefs to the growth of the international economy didn't Mondale express the same confirma­ to the U.S. very strongly and must be careful but is a factor of international security and tion for the defense of East Asia by visiting to keep up U.S. willingness to listen to Japan the balance of power. The productive capac­ the DMZ in Korea? In Korea, thousands of on Asian affairs. ity of East Asia is used largely by the free Americans died in the defense of South Therefore, it became a matter of how world though the three countries of East Korea and East Asia. The DMZ has a sym­ Japan would react, of how Japan would view Asia face the two Communist giants. This bolic significance in East Asia similar to the the withdrawal of U.S. troops from South geographical nearness to the Communist Berlin Wall in Western Europe. Korea. At a time when it is known that North countries affects the daily life of all the This difference between Mondale's visit to Korea ha.s more than 2,000 heavy tanks close countries of East Asia. We must not be con­ the Berlin Wall and his actions in Tokyo to the DMZ ready for a rapid advance into quered by them. exemplify how very serious the problem is South Korea, how can the security of South Considering the economic power and im­ for East Asia. Korea be guaranteed if U.S. troops are with­ portance of East Asia, why has the Carter Ad­ Because of these contrasting actions of drawn? In this situation what should be the ministration treated East Asia so differently Vice President Mondale, as President Carter's attitude of Japan towards the security of from the EEC-for Vice President Mondale representative, I am very concerned about East Asia? Japan needs to think about its visited the EEC immediately after his visit to the destiny of the three free countries of role in the peace and security of the world. NATO. East Asia, South Korea, Japan and Taiwan. NATO countries made clear their defense I believe the difference in the treatment of Before the inauguration of the new ad­ needs. By contra.st, Japan only said this the EEC and East Asia is that Japan, South ministration, President Carter and Vice was a bilateral matter between the U.S. and Korea and Taiwan don't yet know how to President Mondale stressed that in relations South Korea but hoped any U.S. withdrawal utilize their economic power effectively. In with Japan there would be no more "Nixon would not disturb t.he stability of the Ko­ the EEC even a small country has an effective shocks". But, is this true? rean Peninsula. Such a reply makes it look voice. The three cc>untries of East Asia should The matter of the withdrawal of U.S. as if Japan is missing the dialogue for such join together to use their collective economic troops from South Korea is a matter of the a serious problem. I worry about such an power more effectively in their international most basic concern to East Asia for it shakes attitude for such a reply can mislead Wash­ relations. the U.S. free world strategy which has been ington. I believe, and as Washington ex­ In East Asia, defense is on a bilateral basis in effect since the late 1940's. It creates con­ pects, Japanese politicians with a concern between each of the three countries of cerns for the future and raises questions of for world peace, can not escape this respon­ East Asia and the U.S. So the U.S. can en­ American credib111ty. The U.S. treaties with sib111ty. In international politics to maintain force its decisions concerning the defense and East Asia countries are all bilateral treaties. independence and progress, whatever one security of East Asia as it chooses. They provide for strategic consultation as believes must be strongly advocated. The East Asia countries should seek ways fo" well as consultation on technical details. present attitude of the Japanese Government coping more effectively with American uni- March 22, 19?7 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8627 lateral decisions and, if I may be so blunt, especially South Korea, are satisfied that a of stardom, is still king of the music with occasional unintentional American ty­ withdrawal will not upset the stability of world. ranny, which so shake and disturb the sta­ East Asia. bility of East Asia. Real and effective consul­ I believe that everyone here, whether The outstanding contributions of Ital­ tation on basic problems, not administrative Korean or Japanese, believes the same as I, ian Americans in the world of sports is details, has become an urgent need between that we must protect the political stability undisputed. Vince Lombardi, his career the countries of East Asia and the United and balance of power which has made pos­ cut short while still in his prime, is al­ States. It appears that in United States worl'd sible the economic development of the three ready a legendary figure in the football defense strategy the difference between the countries of East Asia who now add so much world. Joe DiMaggio, the Yankee Clipper, treatment of Western Europe and East Asia to the world economy and to the interna­ lies in the bargaining power of Western tional balance of power. Together we must dominated the baseball scene for two dec­ Europe. work to main.tain the stability of East Asia. ades and remains a popular figure today. To summarize my first point, the three free We must make no mistake about the chal­ From just these few names that I have countries of East Asia need to utilize their lenges facing us in the months immediately mentioned it is obvious that Italian economic power more effectively. The EEC ahead. However, let us approach these chal­ Americans have stood out in all fields of in Europe provides a lesson to East Asia in lenges with confidence, vigor and a sense of endeavor including science, education, this matter. With better utilization of our our destiny as bearers of ancient civiliza­ business-the list goes on and on. These own economic power and industri,al resources, tions with our own great cultural, social and achievements have often been overlooked many of our small problems will simply fad'e historical traditions handed down to us from away. our ancestors. by our history books, but these men and My second point relates to the global sys­ I thank you for your kind attention. women stand tall in the hearts of us all. tem of security and defense in the free world Mr. Speaker, I feel that the contribu­ which was established by the United States tions made by individuals of Italian de­ and of which the United States is the leader. scent are all too often forgotten by the The defense of East Asia is the western ITALIAN CULTURE WEEK people of America. Having helped found defense line of the United States itself. This this great Nation, they continue to play East Asia defense line begins with the DMZ a vital role in the strengthening of our in Korea, goes down through the Straits of HON. LEO C. ZEFERETTI Taiwan to the Philippines, then through the country. I am proud of my Italian her­ Indian Ocean to the Atlantic where it joins OF NEW YORK itage, and I want to take this opportunity the eastern defense line of the U.S. and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to applaud New York City for saluting NATO. The security and defense of East Asia Tuesday, March 22, 1977 Italian Americans and our rich culture. is only one segment of America's global secu­ rity and defense system. Mr. ZEFERETTI. Mr. Speaker, the U.S. troops in East Asia and South Korea city of New York is currently observing are a part of this global defense line of the Italian Culture Week, which is a source U.N.-THIRD WORLD OUTRAGE U.S. of pride for the millions of Italian Amer­ We should take notice that even the Peo­ icans in New York and throughout the ples' Republic of China supports the presence land. HON. ROBERT E. BAUMAN of U.S. troops in East Asia as a counter bal­ OF MARYLAND ance to large Soviet forces along the Man­ Certainly the contributions of Italians churian border. Public reports indicate there and their descendants are far too numer­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES are approximately 45 Soviet divisions along ous to mention at this time, but allow Tuesday, March 22, 1977 the Soviet side of Manchuria plus a substan­ me to cite a few of the more renowned tial number of air bases and missile bases. people-in all walks of life-whose Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, the edi­ If the United States withdraws its forces achievements have helped shape our tor of the Baltimore News-American from East Asia, especially if there is a pull­ lives here in America and around the considers the United Nation's Human out of American troops from South Korea, globe. Rights Commission's recent refusal to this could force the People's Republic of investigate Idi Amin's blatant and sys­ China to reassess its relationship with the Italians became active participants in America's struggle for freedom during tematic massacre of his countrymen U.S.S.R. It could stimulate a rapproachment and finds it "impossible to express the between Peking ·and Moscow despite the deep the very first days of the Republic, and antipathies and distrust between them. A numerous Italian names are found in the contempt which the United Nations rapproachment between Peking and Moscow regimental lists of the Continental Army. frequently evokes" in such episodes. would change the balance of power. In such We in New York are particularly proud The editorial asks the question an in­ a shift of the balance of power it is conceiv­ of the first Italian American to achieve creasing number of Americans think is able that the whole of East Asia would come the crucial issue in this country's rela­ under the domination of the U.S.S.R. In such national recognition in the field of pub­ lice service-Fiorello LaGuardia, U.S. tionship with the world body: a case, the U.S.S.R. could then shift a major What use is the UN itself when its ma­ portion of the military forces it now has in Congressman and mayor of New York jority power blocs repeatedly makes a mock­ eastern Siberia to Western Europe where it City. Presently, there are 31 Italian ery of the decency and justice the UN was confronts NATO forces. This would change Americans serving in Congress. founded to protect and promote? the balance of power in Western Europe. More recently, each of us is familiar From the establishment of the U.S. system with the dedicated service rendered by We must be honest with ourselves and of global defense and security in the late Judge John Sirica during the Water­ with whatever is left of the candid 1940's and early 1950's there has been politi­ gate trials, and certainly one of the great world once free. The U.N. as it is pres­ cal stability in East Asia. This political sta­ ently structured and operated by its bi11ty made possible the economic develop­ lawmakers of our time is my esteemed Third World and Communist majority, ment of East Asia, the so-called "economic colleague, PETER RonrNo, whose leader­ is a sham and a hypocrisy. That body miracles" of Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. ship was the primary force in guiding us has made a mockery of every principle Political stability is necessary for the con­ through those difficult months. of humanity and justice. tinuation of these economic developments in The Capitol Building in which we East Asia. serve-the heart of our National Govern­ The editorial follows: The reduction or wi.thdrawal of U.S. ground ment-was made beautiful by the Italian OUTRAGE IN GENEVA forces from East Asia, especially from South American artist Constantino Brumidi. It is impossible to express the contempt Korea, seems certain to create instability and His masterful artistry decorates the which the United Nations frequently evokes tension and to upset the present balance of by its actions--or lack of action-in situa­ power. It is the physical presence of U.S. walls and ceilings of the Capitol, viewed tions which cry out for vigorous applica­ forces which reassures the people of East Asia and cherished by millions of visitors each tion of the basic moral principles on which that the United States intends to meet its year. the world organization originally was commitments to maintain peace and stability America's stage and screen have both founded. here. American troops should not be reduced been dominated by men and women of The latest in a long list of shameful by so much as a single soldier without ade­ Italian origin, including the immortal episodes came in Geneva last week when the quate guarantees to protect the stability of 82-nation UN Human Rights Commission, Caruso in opera and Frank Capra in after four days of closed-door meetings, an­ East Asia. motion pictures. So we must educate the Carter Administra­ nounced it had rejected a demand that it tion and say very firmly that a hasty with­ Band leader Guy Lombardo has been probe the horrendous situation continuing drawal of U.S. troops will result in confusion referred to as the man who creates "the in Uganda. and instability. There should be no with­ sweetest music this side of heaven," and Great Britain, backed by the United States, drawal until the countries of East Asia, the great Frank Sinatra, after 30 years had called for the investigation as a clear 8628 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 22, 1977 responsibility of the commission under the gest there is a need are simply ignoring would be saved by returning to conscription UN charter. It was rejected as the result of the facts. Former Secretary Hoffmann, for the active forces, out of a Defense budget concerted opposition by the majority block who held his past until only a few months of $112 b1llion. of Soviet, Arab and eight African nations. ago, is intimately familiar with the pro­ Undoubtedly, costs have gone up. The most Britain has reacted by submitting a new rapidly escalating military personnel cost resolution to the same effect which, tech­ gress of the AVF in the more than 4 years element is retirement. But this has nothing nically, would require open debate. Its since Congress ended the draft. I hope his to do with the volunteer force: The retire­ diplomatic staff, however, is virtually re­ views will receive careful consideration ment system has remained virtually un­ signed to having its Uganda probe demand The article follows: changed since World War II. pigeonholed for "further consideration" at Is THE ALL-VOLUNTEER MILITARY A SUCCESS? Moreover, ascribing the increase in soldiers• the next commission meeting in 1978, if ever. (By Martin R. Hoffmann) pay since 1964 to the volunteer force concept So-meanwhile-Idi Amin's massacre of is incorrect. Pay for soldiers was increased as his accused enemies in Uganda not only The prospect of a national debate on the a matter of equity prior to the end of the escapes official UN censure but, in effect, gets all-volunteer force (AVF) is a welcome one. draft. It was an attempt to do equity to a green light to continue. For the UN Hearings to get facts and debate issues­ those drafted, when not all their contem­ Human Rights Commission has held that rather than debating facts and fears-are poraries were called to serve. Amin's mass murders, tortures and other long overdue and should proceed promptly. Continuation of the volunteer force does Senator Nunn is to be commended for calling terrors do not justify its intervention. them. not mean continued inattention to the draft. The commission's refusal to act in such The country badly needs a modernized, up­ a notorious situation indeed defies any ex­ The all-volunteer force (AVF) is a success to-date draft mechanism to assure avail­ pression properly conveying the contempt it to date. True, it has not met all of every­ ability of required manpower quickly in the one's expectations held when it started. But, event of emergency. deserves. It also underscores the need for a on balance, it has met or exceeded the ex­ reassesment by this country of its massive The congressional hearings on the volun­ pectations of at least a majority of Ameri­ teer force will help to put In perspective the financial support to the entire United Na­ cans. Note the following national benefits: tions operation. relationship the draft can have in future First, the strength of the active military manpower policy. Hearings will be more con­ Of what use ts a UN Commission on forces has been maintained without com­ structive 1f they proceed with the confidence Human Rights if it votes its unconcern with pulsion. Following on the heels of more than the dreadful abuses of human rights taking 30 consecutive years of conscription and in that we as a nation mean to make the AVF place in Uganda? And of what use is the the aftermath of the war of most divisive work, rather than with dire predictions that UN itself when its majority power blocs conscription as a national policy ts inevi­ and discouraging impact on our people and table. repeatedly make a mockery of the decency our military establishment, demonstrating and justice the UN was founded to protect this can be done in a free society is no small and promote? accomplishment. An additional question suggests itself in Second, the quality of the forces has not PADUCAH, KY., SUN-DEMOCRAT the Uganda matter. Andrew Young, our new only been maintained, but the ability to in­ SUPPORTS ENERGY COMPETI­ ambassador to the UN, has been extremely crease quality has been demonstrated and TION ACT vocal in advocating the cause of his fellow should be allowed to continue. The Army as blacks in their battles against what he sees one affected institution has been buoyed by as the tyranny of white regimes in Rhodesia the dynamics of all-volunteer makeup. In­ HON. ROBERT W. KASTENMEIER and South Africa. creasing esprit, more realistic, creative and OF WISCONSIN . How come he has not been equally vehe­ retained training, and greater per capita ment in his condemnation of that arch capability than any previous peacetime Army IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tyrant, Idi Amin, the mad monster of have resulted. Tuesday, March 22, 1977 Uganda? He could, if he would, call a session Forgoing the draft has hastened the na­ tomorrow of the UN Security Council­ tional ability to focus on present, urgent Mr. KASTENMEIER. Mr. Speaker, another presumed agency of world justice military realities in the face of a burgeoning America's traditionally , competing of which he happens to be chairman. Soviet threat. In short, whatever the results sources of energy are becoming concen­ of President Ford's clemency program and trated in the hands of the monopolistic President Carter's amnesty directive, their oil companies. Since energy is so crucial combined result cannot approach the heal­ to our Nation and its security, the oil in­ IS THE ALL-VOLUNTEER MILITARY ing accomplishments of successfully putting dustry domination of competing sources A SUCCESS? aside conscription during this tumultuous period in the nation's history. of energy is extremely dangerous both to This is not to say the AVF has no prob­ the national interest and to the func­ HON. WILLIAM A. STEIGE.R lems. Need for greater congressional under­ tioning of the competitive system. OF WISCONSIN standing of the A VF is one of them. Revi­ Congressman PAUL SIMON and I have sions obviously must be considered to as­ introduced H.R. 3166, the Energy Com­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sure accomplishment of future national re­ petition Act which prohibits any oil com­ Tuesday, March 22, 1977 quirements. But the debate on future man­ pany from owning or acquiring any coal power policies should not be based on as­ Mr. STEIGER. Mr. Speaker, increas­ sumptions of massive failure of the AVF any uranium or geothermal power asset. ' ingly we are hearing the question, "Is the more than it should be concluded by a The Paducah Sun-Democrat recog­ All-Volunteer Military a Success?" The simplistic choice between the volunteer force nizes the importance of competition in answer is very firm yes. and the draft. energy production, and it has endorsed Former Secretary of the Army Martin There currently are condemnations alleg­ the Energy Competition Act. R. Hoffmann clearly detailed the success ing that the AVF is falling short of quantity Mr. Speaker, I call to the attention of of the All-Volunteer Army in the March and quality goals for the Army. Shortfalls my colleagues the Sun-Democrat edi­ exist, but not because the AVF does not torial of March 15, 1977. 12 issue of the Baltimore Sun. Using a work. The major reason is the 21 per cent number of criteria, he pointed out that it cuts taken in the recruiting budget over the Goon PLACE FOR MORE COMPETITION has met or exceeded most Americans' ex­ last two years. Congressional assertions of Our Southern Illinois neighbor, 24th Dis­ pectations. AVF failure in this vein must be regarded trict U.S. Rep. Paul Simon, a Carbondale As former Secretary Hoffmann noted, with the skepticism due one who, having Democrat, ls co-sponsoring a b111 with Rep. the strength of the active military forces disposed of his parents, pleads in mitigation Bob Kastenmeier (D-Wis.) that is aimed at has been maintained without compulsion, that he is an orphan. stimulating much-needed competition in the Recruiting money is a matter of allocation critical area of energy production. and the quality of the forces has been of resources: If sufficient money is spent Most energy production in the U.S. ls maintained or improved by nearly every to recruit a quality force, the increase and monopolized by petroleum companies whlch measure. more will be saved by recruiting fewer men also have substantial interests in coal, ura­ He said: and decreasing the losses that ought to be nium and other energy sources. This ls help­ The Army as one affected institution has expected from a less-selectively recruited ing drive up the already high price of energy been buoyed by the dynamics of all-volun­ force. The improving . economy has had an to consumers. teer makeup. Increasing esprit, more re6Us­ effect on recruiting. This is an obvious effect Kastenmeler and Simon's "Energy Com­ tic, creative and retained training, and which should surprise no one. An opportu­ petition Act" (HR 3166) would force the oil greater per capita capability than any pre­ nity to assess the impact of an improving companies to divest themselves of coal, ura­ vious peacetime Army have resulted. economy on recruiting has been missed. nium and other "geothermal power assets" Assertions of the huge increases in AVF within three years after its ·enactment. The The· AVF is working, and we must all costs in most cases are based erroneously on measure also would prohibit oil companies seek to make it better still. There is no expenses that are not the direct result of the from acquiring additional non-petroleum need for conscription, and those who sug- volunteer force. Only $300 million per year energy holdings as soon as it became law. March 22, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8629 Violators would be subject to stiff fines or all decisions on which stocks to buy or The Honorable Elford A. Cederberg of imprisonment. sell. Company members follow the usual Michigan. The two congressmen believe this "hor­ market publications, read annual reports, The Honorable Thad Cochran of Missis­ izontal divestiture" will help restore com­ and generally do a thorough job of home­ sippi. petition in energy production and bring The Honorable James G. Martin of North down energy costs. work before making a decision as a com­ Carolina. Big oil's slice of America's energy pie ls mittee of the whole on a stock. To sell The Honorable Clarence J. Brown of Ohio. the stock, company members call on local enormous. Six of the 10 largest oil companies The cosponsors of H.R. 5108, identical are involved in producing all four major do­ companies, their school friends and mestic fuels-oil, gas, coal and uranium. Oil teachers, parents and neighbors, even to H.R. 4444, are: companies own about half of the known ura­ addressed a meeting of the local Rotary The Honorable James C. Cleveland of New nium reserves in the country. Club. Hampshire. Eleven large oil producers also operate coal Stock in the company is now being held The Honorable John J. Duncan of Ten- companies. Continental, the ninth largest oil nessee. company, owns Consolidation Coal, the na­ by individuals in 14 States and several The Honorable Jack Edwards of Alabama. tion's largest coal company. Exxon, Kerr-Mc­ countries. The company's advisers are The Honorable Frank Horton of New York. Gee, Atlantic Richfield, Shell and Sun Oil employees of ARMCO Steel Corp., which The Honorable Charles Whitley of North also own huge coal reserves. Several oil com­ in the 1940's played a major role in sup­ Carolina. panies, too, have interests in oil shale, tar porting the spread and growth of the The Honorable Glenn English of Okla­ sands and underground steam-promising Junior Achievement idea. These young homa. future energy sources. people and their company have my com­ The Honorable Philip E. Ruppe of Michi­ All the while, the oil producers are spend­ gan. ing millions for advertising to convince the mendation-and I hope yours-for their The Honorable Harold Runnels of New public they aren't monopolistic but are fl.rm confidence and commitment to the free Mexico. believers in competition and free enterprise. enterprise system. The Honorable Tom Bevill of Alabama. If the oil companies mean what they say, The Honorable Charles Wilson of Texas. they should welcome the Kastenmeier-Slmon The Honorable Edward J. Derwinski of bill because it's a healthy dose of free Illinois. enterprise. COSPONSORS TO H.R. 4444, DINGELL­ The Honorable Willis D. Gradison, Jr., of Ohio. BROYHILL The Honorable Guy Vander Ja.gt of Michi­ gan. YOUTH EDUCATION The Honorable Robert S. Walker of Penn- HON. JOHN D. DINGELL sylvania. OF MICHIGAN The Honorable Dan Daniel of Virginia.. HON. THOMAS N. KINDNESS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Honorable Bob Stump of Arizona. The Honorable Austin J. Murphy of Penn- OF OHIO Tuesday, March 22, 1977 sylvania. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, Repre­ The Honorable Gene Taylor of Missouri. Tuesday, March 22, 1977 The Honorable Mike McCormack of Wash­ sentative JAMES BROYHILL of North Caro­ ington. Mr. KINDNESS. Mr. Speaker, the lina and I are pleased to announce that The Honorable James R. Jones of Okla- Junior Achievement movement has long our legislation, H.R. 4444, to amend the homa.. been recognized as a major force in edu­ Clean Air Act mobile source emission The Honorable James M. Collins of Texas. cating our youth on the basic concept control provisions has the support of 48 The Honorable Steven D. Symms of Ida.ho. and strengths of the free enterprise sys­ cosponsors in the House. The companion The Honorable Donald J. Mitchell of New tem. Recently, I purchased a share of bill in the Senate is S. 919, introduced York. stock in a unique JA company that is by Senators DON RIEGLE and ROBERT learning firsthand about one of the most GRIFFIN. We welcome additional cospon­ sors to H.R. 4444 and S. 919, which have THE EQUAL RIGHTS AMENDMENT­ important institutions in our economic FIVE YEARS ON system-the stock market. the support of both labor and the auto This Junior Achievement Co., Wall manufacturing, supply and service in­ Street Investment Counselors, is made up dustries. HON. HELEN S. MEYNER of 18 teenagers in Middletown, Ohio. The cosponsors of H.R. 4817, identical OF NEW JERSEY They have established what is believed to to H.R. 4444, are: IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES be the first mutual fund ever by a Junior The Honorable James J. Blanchard of Achievement Co. anywhere in the United Michigan. Tuesday, March 22, 1977 States. Since organizing last October, the The Honorable William D. Ford of Michi­ Mrs. MEYNER. Mr. Speaker, since gan. company has sold over 300 shares of stock The Honorable William S. Broomfield of 1923, some form of the equal rights at $10 a share. T'he company has a port­ Michigan. amendment has been introduced in folio of approximately 1,200 shares in The Honorable Dale E. Kildee of Michigan. nearly every Congress. It took 49 years about 13 companies, the issues held The Honorable Bob Traxler of Michigan. but, on March 22, 1972, Congress finally changing as the company buys and sells. The Honorable G. Wllliam Whitehurst of passed and sent the ERA to the States Several of the stocks held are from Virginia. for ratification. Today, 35 States later, ARMCO Steel Corp.; Diamond Interi:ia­ The Honorable David R. Bowen of Missis­ we mark the fifth ar..niversary of the sippi. tional and Aeronca Co., which are head­ The Honorable Carroll Hubbard, Jr. of ERA's passage. This proposed amend­ quartered in Middletown, Ohio. Most, Kentucky. ment, which is so basic to the principles however, were selected for their low price The Honorable Thomas N. Kindness of upon which our Nation was founded, is and their volatility. While this sounds Ohio. too important to be ignored. like a recipe for financial disaster, as of The Honorable William M. Ketchum of When the Constitution first became the end of February the market value of California.. the law of this land, only those who were a share of stock was about $9.75 and had The Honorable Lucien N. Nedzi of Michi­ white, adult male property owners-a been above $10. This is a more significant gan. small percentage of the population­ The Honorable William F. Walsh of New achievement than it seems. After com­ York. were deemed fit to exercise the right to missions and broker fees, the company The Honorable Thomas L. Ashley of Ohio. vote and have a voice in government. is only left with $7 .60 to invest out of The Honorable Mark Andrews of North Eventually, the ownership of property each $10 share purchase. So, the actual Dakota.. was dropped as a requirement and, later funds it has invested have increased by The Honorable Charles H. Wilson of Cali­ yet, adult black males received the fran­ almost a third in the past half year. fornia. chise. Women were unable to vote until Before it liquidates in May, the company The Honorable William M. Brodhead of more than a century after the Constitu­ hopes to bring each share's value up to Michigan. The Honorable Robert L. F. Sikes of tion was written. $11, so that it can return a profit of 10 Florida. But freedom and justice encompass percent on each share purchased. The Honorable Teno Roncalio of Wyoming. more than just the right to vote. Black The company receives advice from The Honorable Robert E. Badham of Cali­ Americans know this, and the civil rights both its broker and advisers, but makes fornia. struggle continues for them today. 8630 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 22, 1977 Women know this also, and that is what State/Federal cooperative arrangement CHANGE MUST COME TO THE SO­ the ERA is all about. Women are de­ whereby States may follow their own CIAL SECURITY SYSTEM manding the full protection of the Con­ trapping regulations if they are at least stitution, with both the rights and re­ as strong as the Federal regulations. sponsibilities of freedom. We ask for no Last year's bill set rigorous stand­ HON. BARRY M. GOLDWATER, JR. more, and we will accept no less. ards for the approval of traps by allow­ OF CALIFORNIA The course of history is continuing to ing only those traps which capture IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES move in the direction of full human painlessly or kill instantly, and which Tuesday, March 22, 1977 rights, and toward an improved quality minimize, to the extent practicable, the of life for all peoples. Despite recent ERA possibility of trapping animals not in­ Mr. GOLDWATER. Mr. Speaker, on setbacks, I firmly believe that it will be­ tended for capture. This year, my bill January 1, the social security tax rose come the law of the land; our country, recognizes that it may be difficult to ac­ once again to $965.25 for workers earn­ the leader of the free world will not and quire such a trap, and thus allows the ing $16,500 or more. Our respected col­ cannot fail its own citizens. use of traps which instead provide the league, BARBER B. CONABLE, JR.-Who is Two years remain before the March 22, most humane capture method available. now the ranking Republican member of 1979, deadline for ratification of the To determine and develop the most the Ways and Means Committee-has ERA. I call upon the States in which the humane trap, we must provide for a re­ just recently pointed out that the esti­ ERA remains unratified to prove that the search program. The Canadians have mated income for the year 1977 from the United States-which has shown its long recognized the need for research, social security tax is $83 billion while the dedication to freedom around the and in 1968 formed the Humane Trap estimated outgo is $86.8 billion. This world-is willing to stand up for the Development Committee to begin the means that the likely deficit for the So­ rights of its own people. initial testing. Since then, about one­ cial Security Administration for this year 'half million dollars have been spent on will be about $3.8 billion. Last year's def­ trap research and development in icit was $3.3 billion. According to Con­ Canada. The work is now being carried gressman CONABLE, at this rate, unless BILL TO REGULATE TRAPS AND out by the Federal-Provincial Com­ Congress acts, the social security trust TRAPPING ON FEDERAL LANDS mittee for Humane Trapping, a Govern­ funds will be completely empty by 1984. ment-sponsored committee consisting I know that a great many of our col­ of representatives of the Provinces and leagues are very seriousiy concerned HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON a full-time professional staff. about the future of the largest pension OF CALIFORNIA plan in the history of the world; our fel­ While some of the information low-citizens are depending upon us to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES gathered by the Canadian researchers insure that they will receive the benefits Tuesday, March 22, 1977 will be valuable in the United States, in their old age that they have paid for, many of the trapping conditions in this in good faith, during their working lives. Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. country are different and require differ­ Speaker, in the 94th Congress, I intro­ I believe the time has come for Con­ ent solutions. The U.S. Government has, gress to begin serious consideration of the duced a bill which would discourage the to date, spent only a small amount of use of painful devices in the trapping of long-range reforms which will be neces­ money to develop more humane traps sary in order to save the system from mammals and birds. Almost 100 of our for taking predatory animals. I pro­ colleagues responded to the growing na­ going the way of New York City. As one posed in this bill that we commit $500,- contribution to the needed debate and tionwide concern for the humane treat­ 000 toward this goal. ment of our wildlife, and cosponsored the the reexamination of the present sys­ bill. For the first time ever, congressional Last year some people felt that the tem, I would like to call to the attention hearings to consider trapping legislation Federal Government should not assume of our colleagues a perceptive ,article by were held before the Subcommittee on a significant part of the responsibility Robert Bleiberg, entitled "Farewell to Fisheries, Wildlife Conservation, and the that is presently reserved the States for Ponzi? Change Must Come to the Social Environment, of the Committee on Mer­ managing resident wildlife. Yet the prec­ Security System" which appeared in the chant Marine and Fisheries. Because edence has already been set for Federal January 3, 1977, issue of Barron's: a number of difficult questions concern­ intervention. In 1973, the Endangered FAREWELL TO PONZI?-CHANGE MUST COME ing that bill were raised at the hearings, Species Act was passed to provide for the TO THE SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM I have prepared a new bill which I am conservation of threatened and endan­ Effective Jan. l, 1977, an estimated 19 mil­ introducing today. Let me explain briefly gered species of fish, wildlife, or plants. lion breadwinners earning more than $15,300 The need for Federal action to halt the per year found themselves hit with a higher what the new bill seeks to accomplish. Social Security tax. Specifically, the wage Firs·t, my bill attempts to discourage accelerating decline of many species of wildlife was critically evident at that base upon which the levy is imposed has just the use of cruel traps and trapping gone up to $16,500, raising the maximum tax methods by instructing the Secretary of time-the need for Federal action to as­ by $70.20 to $965.25 (for the self-employed, the Interior to issue regulations for the sure the humane treatment of our wild­ by $94.80, or from $1,208.70 to $1 ,303.50). trapping of animals on Federal lands. life is equally evident now. Within the next few days, meanwhile, the Included are provisions for the designa­ There are currently no restrictions at U.S. Treasury will quietly publish a new tion of "approved" traps, and for estab­ all on the use of the steel leghold trap Sta.tement of Liabilities and other Financial during the open session in 10 States. Six­ Commitments of the u.s. Government. Ac­ lishing visitation times, trap identifica­ cording to our Washington correspondent, tion, and catch reports. A seven-member teen States have no limits on the length Shirley Scheibla, it will show an increase in advisory commission, appainted by the of time an animal may remain in a trap; 15 month's time, from $2.7 trillion to $4.1 Chairman of the Council on Environ­ only 22 States require daily visits to the trillion, in the unfunded 11ab111ties of the mental Quality, would assist the Secre­ trap. Identification marks on traps, Social Security system. tary in preparing these regulations. which are necessary for the proper en­ Most of the bulge in the shortfall, of Second, the bill provides for trap re­ forcement of regulations, are mandatory course, will reflect a change in assumptions in only 27 States. about such long-range, and eminently un­ search program to develop more humane certain, developments as wage and price in­ traps. I believe that this legislation intro­ flation and the fert111ty of women of child­ Third, the bill would halt the entrance duces some reasonable restrictions on the bearing age, rather than some fresh stroke into interstate commerce of all traps not use of traps; restrictions which will of legislative folly. By law, moreover, the approved by the Secretary, and would move toward mitigating some of the pain projections must go out as far as 2050 AD, prohibit the interstate commerce of all and suffering endured by trapped ani­ between now and when, we freely concede, furs, pelts, hides, et cetera, not trapped mals, yet reasonable enough as not to much that is unpredictable may happen. adversely affect in any way our Nation's Nonetheless, the available data also omin­ according to the regulations issued by the ously suggest that if current trends persist, Secretary. economy. If you have any questions, or the Social Security system will be in serious In addition, since the States have wish to add your name in cosponsorship, difficulties long before. In particular, under traditionally reserved the right to man­ please contact my legislative assistant, the most realistic of three sets of official as­ age resident wildlife, I have devised a Mark Theisen, at 225-6676. sumptions, the $6 b1llion Disab111ty Insur- March 22, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8631 ance trust fund will be exhausted within the which raised benefits by 20% across-the­ tries exhibiting a "consistent pattern of next three years. By the same token-despite board. It also tied future payments for the gross violation of internationally recog­ an unprecedented increase in recent years of retired to the Consumer Price Index, and, in nized human rights." the burden on the taxpayer-the Old Age and what now is universally deplored as over­ Survivors Insurance trust fund, which cur­ kill, mandated a comparable adjustment in This must not be an empty effort. The rently totals some $35 billion, sometime in future benefit levels for those still on the United States is obligated under law to the mid-Fighties is slated to go broke. job, a wildly liberal and ill-conceived pro­ chastise those countries permitting in­ While scarcely graven in stone, such esti­ vision which, if allowed to stand, will let fringements of human rights. The mates should give pause to even the most people retire with more money than they United States must take the initiative to eager apologist for this so-called New Deal earned while working. In consequence, the facilitate immigration of Soviet Jews reform. And, in view of the many millions Social Security system's unfunded liabilities and other minorities. of people potentially affected, they surely have soared, while outgo of the OASDI trust · At the same time we must not be se­ constitute one of the more burning isues funds, by any estimate, has begun to exceed lective in our criticism and our actions. of the day. Yet prior to and throughout the income. If current trends continue, as noted, Presidential campaign, Social Security, with both funds will be gone in less than a A denial of human rights in one country fine bipartisan accord, wound up so to speak decade. is as grave as in another, and deserves on the back burner. True, challenger Ronald It's plainly time for a change, and, though equal treatment. However, there is one Reagan, by his pioneering and promptly the Democratic majority may dig in its heels, Nation which deserves more intense and distorted proposal to invest the OASDI trust change is a foot. Whatever may or may not constant scrutiny than all others and funds more wisely, at least hinted that some­ happen on the Hill, indeed a significant shift that Nation should also be the first criti­ thing was wrong. Gerald Ford, to his erect.it, has occurred in informed (if not yet neces­ cized and chastized by this Congress sought to face up to things by recommend­ sarily public) opinion. Once the ultimate ing yet another boost in the payroll tax, as in sacred cows, Social Security lately has when its actions transgress on human well as changing the rules--"decoupling," in come u:ader increasingly pcinted attack. Be­ rights. That Nation is our own. We must the jargon-whereby wage-earners, in the sides the critical piece in Playboy cited not allow ourselves to fall into the error name of protection against inflation, enjoy above, U.S. News has run an article head­ of self-righteously criticizing others a vast and mounting beneflt3 windfall. lined "Social Security, Promising Too Much while ignoring our own faults. From the Democratic powers-that-be, how­ to Too Many," while a book has come out ever, little constructive has surfaced to date. titled "Social Security: The Fraud in Your Far-out party members presumably are get­ Future." And a surprising consensus over ting ready to re-introduce a spate of bills what should be done-ranging from "decoup­ which, at incalculable cost, would blanket HEARING SCHEDULE FOR SUBCOM­ ling;" which alone might wipe out half of MITTEE ON GENERAL OVERSIGHT housewives under the program. As chairman the unfunded liabilities, to a gradual step­ of the Social Security Finance subcommittee, up in the retirement age-has emerged. One AND ALASKA LANDS then-Senator Walter Mondale, now Vice way or another, most authorities (if not President, opposed the White House program politicians) agree, the longest-playing Ponzi HON. JOHN F. SEIBERLING and urged, in effect, that his colleagues go scheme on record must come to an end. slow. As to Jimmy Carter, he has largely Some of the most provocative ideas have OF OHIO contented himself with issuing a position IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES paper which "pledges to Americans around come from the University of Chicago's Ar­ the country that as President, I will preserve thur B. Laffer and R. David Ranson, whose Tuesday, March 22, 1977 with the assistance of Congress the financial views have influenced both Secretary of the integrity of the Social Security system." If Treasury Simon and President Ford. In "A Mr. SEIBERLING. Mr. Speaker, I am not, as Playboy magazine has caustically Proposal for Reforming the Social Security today inserting in the RECORD for the observed, perhaps the Easter Bunny or the System," rather less modest than those we information of Members the schedule of Tooth Fairy w111 provide. set forth above, Messrs. Laffer and Ranson activities of the Subcommittee on Gen­ go straight to the heart of the matter. eral Oversight and Alaska Lands of the Like any federal agency which deals in "Morality is an integral part of political something for nothing or more for less­ economy. Whatever the economics involved, Committee on Interior and Insular Af­ over $4 trillion worth at latest recknoning­ any policy proposal affecting the more vul­ fairs for the period April-July, 1977. Social Security does smack of fantasy or This subcommittee, which I have Alice in Wonderland. Concerned about the nerable or the less advantaged members of unfunded prior service cost of U.S. industry society that does not address the moral ques­ the honor to chair, is charged with (which for a handful of corporations runs tion explicitly is remiss ... Inflating the a general oversight responsibility over to nearly half of net worth) , and the few promises to the disadvantaged often is less the Department of the Interior and its isolated cases of pension fund abuse, Con­ moral than maintaining restraint. It is an many component bureaus, agencies, and gress in 1974 passed the sweeping Employe immoral act for a society to promise the offices. The subcommittee also has legis­ Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA). undeliverable. It is especially immoral if the lative jurisdiction, under the rules of Yet it has chosen to ignore the worsening people to whom the promises are made are exceptionally vulnerable . . . A system that our committee, over implementation of plight of a body the liabilities of which ex­ section 17(d) (2) of the Alaska Native ceed the assets by roughtly 75 to 1. Again, is constructed with known technical defi­ even as the OASDI trust funds head straight ciencies such as a massive unfunded liability Claims Settlement Act. This means that for extinction, the Social Security Adminis­ borders on exploitation, no matter how po­ we will be considering the important trllotion (out of those dwindling funds, by the litically expedient the solution may appear question of which Federal lands in way), is spending-so charges the National in the short run."-Robert M. Bleiberg. Alaska are to be set aside for the benefit Taxpayers Union, citing a report by the Gen­ of future generations by being des­ eral Accounting Office-$68 million to erect ignated as national parks, national a superfluous building to house $400 m1llion forests, national wildlife refuges, as wild of unneeded computers. .PUSHES HUMAN RIGHTS IN and scenic rivers, and as wilderness Housekeeping expense, to be sure, is the AMERICA least of the system's woes. In the workaday areas. world, runs Parkinson's Law, expenditure may Mr. Speaker, when the Congress rise to meet income, but in the never-never passed the Alaska Native Claims Settle­ land of Social Secuirty, never the twain shall HON. BRUCE F. CAPUTO ment Act in 1971, we imposed a deadline meet. Even when the tax burden grows more OF NEW YORK of December 1978, for the designation onerous year by year. Since 1965, to illustrate, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of what parts of the vast lands of Alaska the Social Security tax has shot up from 4.4% Tuesday, March 22, 1977 are to be included in these several sys­ on the first $6,600 of earned income (levied tems. It is my firm intention, and the on employer and employe alike) to a com­ Mr. CAPUTO. Mr. Speaker, House intention I believe of all the members of bined 11.7% on the first $16,500. (Since 1960, Concurrent Resolution 97, of which I am it has increased by 572 % all told, or a stag­ our subcommittee, to meet that deadline. gering 12% per annum compounded.) What's a cospons'Or is grounded in the basic Toward that end, we intend to pursue more, under the program which President principal of promoting and advancing the schedule which is set out below, and Ford sent to Capitol Hill last June (a plea he human rights. later this summer we intend to spend soon is likely to renew), the combined rate In the past 2 years, Congress has at­ several weeks of field trips and hearings would rise to 12.3 % . And under existing law, tached amendments to legislation on in the interior of Alaska so that the sub­ the earnings base mounts every 12 months, foreign economic and military assist­ hand-in-hand with inflation. committee members may become more Yet, thanks to the lavishness of Congress, ance requiring the U.S. Government familiar with all the many areas we will there never seems to be money enough. agencies to "promote and ad1tance hu­ be considering. It is our intention to have Back in 1972, the lawmakers passed a bill man rights" and terminate aid to coun- a bill ready for the consideration of the CXXIII-543-Part 7 8632 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 22, 1977 House during this session of the 95th Baker, Snoqualmie National Forests. (or, Mrs. McPartland is being honored in rec­ Congress. Olympic National Park). ognition of her untiring work in her pro­ No conservation and outdoor recrea­ Mon., June 20, Public hearing on H.R. 39, fession as a dance instructor, and the favor­ tion issue before the 95th Congress will Olympic Room, Seattle Center Building. able publicity gained for the City of Cum­ have a greater importance than will this SOUTHEAST ALASKA berland due to the performance of her stu­ July 1, 2, 3, and 4, Field Trips to proposed dents throughout the area, Mr. Baker said. matter of the designation of the Alaskan Entertainment following the dinner w111 fea­ national interest lands. What we do in wilderness areas. July 5, Public hearing on H.R. 39 in Sitka, ture "The Cumberland Dixettes. this session will determine just how much Alaska. of the great scenic, recreational, and July 6, Field trip to Admiralty Island and wildlife values of these lands will remain V1llage of Angoon. , unspoiled for our own and future genera­ July 7, Public hearing on H.R. 39, Juneau, FIVE CLEVELANDERS RECEIVE tions. Alaska. MERIT AWARD FROM CUYAHOGA Because these are matters which are July 8, Field trip to Misty Fjords Area. COUNTY BAR ASSOCIATION of importance to people in every part of July 9, Public hearing on H.R. 39 in the Nation, our subcommittee will not be Ketchikan, Alaska. confining our hearings to Washington, July 10, Return to Washington, D.C. HON. LOUIS STOKES D.C., and Alaska; rather, we will be trav­ OF OHIO eling to other parts of the country so IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that citizens of every region will have an VERLYS DIXON McPARTLAND Tuesday, March 22, 1977 opportunity to appear and to testify. We will also utilize these trips to exercise Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, I rise on our oversight responsibilities by visiting this occasion to bring to your attention HON. GOODLOE E. BYRON and to the attention of my colleagues regional offices and facilities of the De­ OF MARYLAND partment of the Interior and obtaD:iing in the U.S. House of Representatives the a better insight into the field operations IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES outstanding work of five Clevelanders of the department. Tuesday, March 22, 1977 who have devoted their professional careers to the justice system. Other members of the Committee on Mr. BYRON. Mr. Speaker, last Friday, On Wednesday, March 16, 1977, the Interior and Insular Affairs may wish to an outstanding c!tizen of Allegany Cuyahoga County Bar Association hon­ take part in one or more of these over­ County, Md., was honored by several ored the awardees at a luncheon cere­ sight visits, and, of course, the subc~m­ J::undred people. I had the honor of at­ mony at the Cleveland Plaza Hotel. mittee will welcome their participation. tending the testimonial dinner for M~. Mr. Speak·er, this year's award win­ Mr. Speaker, Iexpect soon to have Verlys Dixon McPartland at the Ah­ ners are as follows: available our subcommittee's schedule Ghan Shrine Club in Cumberland. Carmen Ivans, chief clerk, birth regis­ for the August field trips and field hear­ Mrs. McPartland was honored for her trations, probate court; ings in interior Alaska; when it is ready, untiring work and dedication in her pro­ Ignatius J. Gagliardo, chief deputy it will be placed in the RECORD for the fession as a dance instructor. In per­ bailiff, municipal court; convenience of members. The April-July formances around the Nation and in James F. Kilroy, central scheduling, schedule follows these remarks: Canada, Mrs. McPartland and her common pleas court; ScHEDULE: SUBCOMMITTEE ON GENERAL students have brought honor, recogni­ Edna Maver, receptionist, domestic re­ OVERSIGHT AND .ALASKA LANDS, APRIL­ tion, and pride to the Queen City of lations, common pleas court; and JULY 1977 Cumberland and to all Allegany County. Jeanne Walsh, office manager, child WASHINGTON, D.C. I wish to share with my colleagues in support, juvenile court. April 21, 22, 25, 28, Hearings in Washing­ the House of Representatives an article So that my colleagues in the House ton, D.C. on H.R. 39, 1324 Longworth H.O.B. which appeared in the CUmberland can familiarize themselves with the work CHICAGO Evening Times: of these five dedicated individuals, I Fri., May 6, Oversight visit and inspection VERLYS DIXON MCPARTLAND TESTIMO?~'IAL To would like to take a moment to share of Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore. BE FRIDAY their professional records with you: Sat., May 7, Public hearing on H.R. 39, Mrs. Verlys Dixon McPartland w111 be hon­ Ceremonial Courtroom ( #2530a) , Federal Miss Ivans has spent more than a quarter ored at a testimonial dinner on Friday at of a century in Probate Court. Following her Building, 219 S. Dearborn Street. 6:30 p.m. at the All-Ghan Shrine Qountry studies at Notre Dame Academy and Ursuline ATLANTA . Club, according to G. Louis Baker, commit­ College, Miss Ivans began her Probat e career Fri., May 13, Oversight visit, Interior De­ tee chairman. in June 1951 as a Posting Clerk, handling partment omces and inspection of proposed Mrs. McPartland, who operates the Dixon mail, typing, counselling and cashiering. Chattahoochee River National Recreation Dance Studio, 81 Greene Street, has taught Later, she was advanced to Chief Clerk o! dancing since 1935, and brought widespread the Birth and Marriage Records Division o! Area (or, Kenesaw Mountain National recognition to Cumberland. Her pupils have Battlefield). . the Court where she h.as observed all the performed in Maryland, Virginia, West Vir­ human emotions from joy through . sadness Sat., May 14, Public hearing on H.R. 39, ginia, Pennsylvania, New York and New House of Representatives, Georgia State with people in all walks of life. Attempting Jersey. . to ease the public's misunderstanding of the Capitol. Through the years, the Cumberla·nd Dix­ DENVER necessity of legal forms and procedures, she ettes have gained national recognition with professes, has brought her the most satis­ Fri., June 3, Oversight visit to Denver Serv­ appearances on the Ted Mack Show on TV, faction from her job. ice Center and overfiight inspection of at the World's Fair in New York City, Expo Ignatius J. Gagliardo, 67, as Chief Deputy Eagles' Nest Wilderness Area, Arapahoe and '67 (American Pavillion), Montreal, Canada, Ba111ff of Cleveland Municipal Court directs White River National Forests (or, proposed and also by performing at the Shenandoa;ti the activities of all the personnel in the Indian Peaks Wilderness Area, Arapahoe and Apple Blossom Festival which was witnessed Ba111ffs department. He learned the business Roosevelt National Forests). in Winchester, Va., by President Johnson. of Municipal Court after starting as a Dep­ Sat., June 4, Public Hearing on H.R. 39, Over the past 28 years, these young dancers uty Clerk in 19&1. His prior experience in­ Auditorium (2nd fioor), U.S. Post Omce, 19th have performed on The Steel Pier in Atlantic cluded being a Deputy Stwte Treasurer, 1939- and Stout Streets. City for the Tony Grant Show. The week has 1940; Shipping Clerk, Tip Top Brewery, 1941- SAN FRANCISCO come to be known as "Cumberland Week" in 1946; and Accounts Reviewe~ in the Collec­ the New Jersey resort city. Fri., June 17, Oversight visit to Interior tion Department, Cle·veland Ret ail Credit Mrs. McPartland is the daughter of Mrs. Board, 1949-1951. He has handled various Department Regional Offices and inspection Arch J. Dixon, Midland. She has one son, Ed­ of Golden Gate National Recreation Area (or, supervisory roles in the Ha111ff's office which ward J. McPartland, and one granddaughter, he now heads, including that of Field Su­ Point Reyes National Seashore, or, Muir Shannon. Woods.) pervisor of Outside Bailiffs. His associates Sat., June 18, Public hearing on H.R. Mrs. McPartland attended St. Joseph's fondly refer to him as "Gag," and call him School Midland, and is a graduate of Ursu­ the Heart of the Cleveland Municipal Court 39, Boa.rd Room, San Francisco Boa.rd of Edu­ line A~ademy. cation, 135 Van Ness Avenue. because of the compassionat e understanding She is a member of Dance Masters of Amer­ he has for the troubled persons who seek SEATTLE ica, Dance Educators of America, National justice there. Sun., June 19, Inspection of Alpine Lakes Association of Dance and Affiliated Artists, James F. Kilroy, 57, joined the Cuyahoga National Recreation Area, Wenatchee and Mt. aJ?.d :r;>rofessional Dance Teachers of ·Americi:i.. County Sheriff's Department as a Deputy 1n March 22, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8633 1950. After 7 years of service in the Criminal I feel it is ironic that the reason for FANNIE LOU HAMER Courts, Kilroy transferred to the Court of my absence was that I was meeting with Common Pleas where for the past twenty years he has mastered the many aspects the Under Secretary of Labor to discuss of docket assignments and central schedul­ my bill, H.R. 2596, the Human Resources HON. DON EDWARDS ing techniques. Kilroy is a graduate of Parm­ Development Act. This bill, like these OF CALIFORNIA adale and West Tech High School. He spent vocational education amendments, seeks IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES one year with CCC oa.mps a.nd three years to further the concept of better transi­ Tuesday, March 22, 1977 with the U.S. Army 3rd General Hospital. He tion between education and work. also divided eight years with White Motors Had I been present, I would have voted Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. as a machine operator, and as a construction "yes." Speaker, I would like to commend to the laborer, before beginning his affiliation with attention of my colleagues the edi­ Cuyahoga's Courts. Edna Maver, mother of two, and grand- ' torial about Fannie Lou Hamer in the mother of 3, began her public service as a AG-LAND PLAN DROPPED: PUBLIC Washington Post. Clerk at the County Board of Elections in SPIRIT LIVES IN PRIVATE SECTOR As I mentioned on March 16 after 1941. After eleven years, she joined the De­ learning of her death, my family and I partment of Domestic Relations in 1952. For cherished Mrs. Hamer not only as a vi­ the past 25 years she has performed varied HON. PAUL FINDLEY brant and dedicated leader in the strug­ clerical duties in the numerous divisions of OF ILLINOIS gle for human rights, but as a warm and the Court. Her present position as Recep­ good friend. tionist for the Court includes enrolling the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES name of each attorney, litigant and witness Tuesday, March 22, 1977 Mrs. Hamer once said that she could entering Room 470 Terminal Tower, and di­ not hate anyone and "hope to see God's recting them to the Judge or Referee as­ Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, on face." I know with certainty that she has signed to their case. March 11, 1977, the Continental Illinqis now seen God's face. But we shall miss Edna's husband; Roman Maver, worked for National Bank & Trust Co. of Chicago her terribly. Gould, Inc. (Cleveland Graphite Bronze) be­ dropped its controversial plan for an ag­ The editorial follows : fore his retirement six years ago. Her son ricultural land trust known as Ag-Land FANNIE Lou HAMER • Robert, ls studying for his Doctorate while fund. I strongly oppased this proposal as employed as a teacher in the Cleveland Pub­ When one thinks of Mississippi as it was a lic School System. Her daughter, Diane was a threat to rural America which would little more than a decade ago, one thinks of a lab technician in the Department of Mi­ drive land prices further out of sight and the oppression: several civil rights workers crobiology at Western Reserve University be­ would make it harder for £armers to com­ were lynched practically in broad daylight, fore joining the Cleveland School System also pete in the marketplace. I also perceived most ~egroes could not vote and the rigid as a teacher. the Ag-Land proposal as a threat to food segregation of the races was the order of the Jeanne Louise Walsh was hired for secre­ consumers throughout the United States. day. Of the many forces that came together tarial work in the Child Support Depart­ The concentration of farmownership to alter those conditions, none was more im­ ment of Juvenile Court in 1949, following and production control resulting from a pressive than the poor black people them­ graduation from Brookside High .School in selves. They rose in righteous but peaceable Sheffield Village, Lorain County. The vexing proliferation of such plans most certain­ anger and demanded to be free. And when problems of the C9urt continue to amaze ly would have led to higher retail prices thinking of them, it is impossible not to her, but nothing phases her, she says, after at the grocery store. But not once did think of Fannie Lou Hamer, a stout stalwart finishing her first year. Today, her position I doubt the sincere desire of Continental sharecropper, born of that soil, who fought of Office Manager ~s indicative of how well Illinois National Bank to help the agri­ against all odds for a better tomorrow. She she learned the different duties assigned to cultural community. My confidence is died Tuesday near her Rulevme home at the her in her 28 years with the Court. In May vindicated. age of 59 after suffering from diabetes, breast 1958 she married John P. Walsh, and they Printed below is the text of Continental cancer and heart trouble. reside in Independence, Ohio. Illinois Bank's statement announcing its The Mississippi Mrs. Hamer leaves behind withdrawal of the Ag-Land proposal. I is changed in great measure because of the Mr. Speaker, the Public Servants Merit strength and leadership she gave to share­ Award Luncheon annually attracts more commend .this statement to the attention croppers like herself who earned subsistence than 1,000 well-wishers. It is my under­ of my colleagues as an excellent illustra­ wages under conditions that owed more to standing that the association bestows tion of the fact that a public spirit does slavery than to the Declaration of Inde­ an embossed certificate of appreciation indeed live in the private sector: pendence or the Blll of Rights: Indeed, it was and an engraved silver bowl to the recip­ CONTINENTAL WITHDRAWS IRS APPLICATION their pursuit of happiness that threatened ients. I would also like to take a moment FOR AG-LAND TRUST FuND their lives time and again. Many of the out­ to mention the gentlemen who worked CHICAGO, March 11.--Contlnental Bank· in siders who came to Mississippi to help those so hard t.o make this occasion a success. Chicago said today it withdrew its applica­ impoverished farmers either were well-known They are Franklin A. Polk, chairman, tion on March 7 to the Internal Revenue when they arrived or became famous in the Service requesting tax-exempt status for process-Martin Luther King, Andrew J. William A. Weiss, Harry Auslander, Leo Young, Stokeley Carmichael and John Lewis, G. Chimo, Bernard J. Nosan, Andrew J. employee benefit plans investing in the bank's proposed Ag-Land trust fund. among others. Lukcso, David Arnold, and Lucien B. The announcement was made after bank There was little fame and celebrity for the Karlovec, Jr. officials met today with Secretary of Agricul­ local blacks. They stayed on long after the Mr. Speaker, at this time I would like ture Robert Bergland. celebrities left and finished the job as best to ask my distinguished colleagues to "We have decided not to proceed with the they could, helping as Mrs. Hamer did to join me in congratulating the merit plan after discussing the proposal with unify the Mississippi Democratic Party and award recipients of the Cuyahoga Coun­ various members of the business and agricul­ working in other ways to heal their society ty Bar Association. Their hard work and tural communities and government leaders,'' and seek justice. Their names are mostly for­ dedication has a profound impact on the a ·bank spokesman said'. gotteµ, but the image of Fannie Lou Hamer, "There is a belief that while capital her voice thunderous, pleading to be seated continued success of this Nation's sys­ at the Democratic National Convention in tem of justice. problems may exist in American agriculture, the immediate need ls for more detailed 1964, will remain fixed for many of those who discussion to address those problems and the heard her simple, powerful eloquence. And effects it may have on various constitu­ anyone who ever heard Fannie Lou Hamer PERSONAL EXPLANATION encies,'' the spokesman continued. sing "O, Freedom,'' wm have little difficulty "We believe the capital problem affecting remembering her. American agriculture is an evolving one. As a She had been beaten and jailed many times, HON. STANLEY LUNDIN-£ mldwestern bank with over a century o:f but she said she could not hate anybody "and OF NEW YORK experience in agricultural lending, we believe hope to see God's face." Her special brand of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES we occupy a unique vantage point from which courage, a courage equal to the demands of we may continue to contribute to the dis­ her time, is best summarized in the story of Tuesday, March 22, 1977 cussion of the issues involved. how she came to leave the plantation. She "We view the dialog that has already taken knew that if she continued her civil rights Mr. LUNDINE. Mr. Speaker, I was un­ place as constructive, and appreciate the works, she would be thrown off and separated able to be present for the vote on H.R. opportunities given us to discuss these issues from her livelihood. She came to church one 3437, the Vocational Education Act tech­ with Secretary Bergland and Congressmen day and reported on the consequences of her nical amendments and would like to offer Richard Nolan and Paul Findley,'' the persistence. "They kicked me off the planta­ an explanation at this time. spokesman said. tion,'' she said. "They set me free. It's the 8634 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 2·2, 1977 best thing that could happen. Now I can We are those branches, which spread to our reactions, they alter our metabolism work for my people." Except she worked for make our country both larger and stronger. with unknown substances incorporated in more than her people. She worked for all of Even when some branches die, we must trim the food." The letter goes on: "We are not us. our tree so that this will not alter or blemish men, we are spectres, skeletons covered with the growth. skin, human rags .... We have reflex prob­ As I look into reality, I realize that I am lems, with coordination, lack of equilibrium; DELAWARE VOICE OF DEMOCRACY the Thomas Paine, or George Washington of we have nervous and digestive disturbances CONTEST WINNER today.. I am the colonist, seeking to carry of all kinds . . . Scurvy makes most of us out the ideas of my forebears. I am that hemorrhage in the nose just from sneezing." newly added branch to our framework. I As reported in Of Human Rights, the Com­ have budded, and sprouted on the ideas of mission cites evidence of a network of con­ HON. THOMAS B. EVANS, JR. our forefathers. I must now grow, sending centration camps and prisons strung across OF DELAWARE my branches upward, and making sure that Cuba, "Gulag Archipelago" fashion. The IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES each tree has properly sprouted on the ideas • evidence tells of how "Opponents of Fidel of a democracy. America has given me this Castro's regime are shot, forced into 'con­ Tuesday, March 22, 1977 sense of pride in knowing that I am a part fessions' by having their heads dunked in Mr. EVANS of Delaware. Mr. Speaker, of this framework, and that I must be con­ water until drowning is simulated.... each year the Veterans of Foreign Wars cerned and dedicated in order to keep this Political prisoners sometimes finish sentences framework from falling. We must remember only to have new ones imposed." Prisoners' of the United States and the ladies auxil­ that a house divided cannot stand, and that stories are related by relatives, by former iary conduct a Voice of Democracy con­ we must all be planters in order for Ameri­ prisoners and by those still interned who test. Each year nearly 500,000 secondary can ideas and principles to root, sprout, and manage to smuggle out letters. One Cuban school students participate in the contest blossom into a sturdy and unified body. reported to the Commission that there have for prizes which include a $10,000 schol­ been "thousands of executions" since Castro arship. This year the theme of the con­ came to power in 1959. The OAS report con­ test was "What America Means to Me." tained details of many of these executions. This year's Delaware winner was Mr. HUMAN RIGHTS IN CUBA Also included was a iist of nearly 500 names Kevin Lee Hopkins of Milton, Del. Mr. of prisoners being denied medical attention. Of Human Rights has published a map of Hopkins, ·who is a student at the Cape HON. LARRY McDONALD Cuba identifying the location of six maxi­ Henlopen High School in Lewes made OF GEORGIA mum security prisons, one for each of the what I consider to be an excellent speech IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES island's provinces. These are in addition to on the precious freedoms in our country a larger number of "moderate security" work and I include his remarks at this point Tuesday, March 22, 1977 camps surrounded by barbed wire and armed in the RECORD: Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, while guards Finally there are numerous labor THE 1976-77 VFW VOICE OF DEMOCRACY much of the attention regarding human projects called "fronts" where security is les'i SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM stringent. rights has been focused on the Soviet It is in the maximum security prison, "La As I look back through the pages of the Union in recent years, Fidel Castro has Cabana," on Hanava harbor, that Frank past, a blurred picture is beginning to focus been no slouch when it comes to creat­ Lunt, one of nine American prisoners, is in­ on the screen of my mind. I can see our ing living hells for his political prisoners. carcerated. In 1965, Castro sentenced him American structure take root and sprout up­ to 30 years, allegedly for spying. Actually, wards to where it is today. I can see our fore­ One of the more prominent of these prisoners has been Huber Matos. (See according to reliable evidence, Frank Lunt, parents sowing the seeds which blossom a cattle rancher who had stayed on in Cuba's into the ideas of a democracy. I can also see also my remarks on pages 5779-5780 Pinar del Rio Province after the communist the seeds, bud, and then branch out, making of March 1, 1977, CONGRESSIONAL REC­ takeover, had criticized Castro's scheme of the tree an even stronger structure. To me, ORD.) Recently, a group was formed at crossing Brahmin and Holstein cattle. All America represents this strong structure. As Georgetown University to focus on the the redwood tree has gradually grown to its efforts by Lunt's wife and family, now in the height capacity, America has also grown lack of human rights in Cuba. I commend U.S., to obtain his freedom have been un­ larger and stronger, over the past 200 years. the attention of my colleagues to the availing. The State Department maintains America also represents unification, and activities of thi.S group as reported in mostly an embarrassed silence about the fate firmness, resembling that of a forest. As a America's Future in its February 11, 1977, of Lunt and the other 8 Americans as well forest is a home for many different kinds of issue: as the several hundred Cuban-Americans trees, America is my home, and the home of HUMAN RIGHTS IN CUBA with dual citizenship in Castro's dungeons. many different nationalities of people. The It is called Of Human Rights, and it will TERROR KNOWS NO BOUNDS forest, for millions of years, has represented be published twice a year by a small group Of Humam. Rights reprints in full a letter this unity and solidness, and America has o~ exiled Cuban intellectuals at Georgetown smuggled from La Cabana prison by Major also. Each tree in its environment, plays a University. Its purpose is to report on "hu­ Huber Matos, a one-time officer in Castro's specific role as we do in our society. When man conditions in Cuba." As explained by the revolutionary army. In December, 1959 he the tree doesn't fulfill its duty, it weakens five editors; Of Human Rights will gather was sentenced by a revolutionary court to this structure. our government, like the information from reliable sources about true 20 years imprisonment after he resigned from mighty redwood, is a product of many years conditions in Castro's Cuba. Its first issue, the army in protest against communist in­ of formation. While the tree grows, it beauti­ dated January, 1977, deals with documented filtration of the Castro government. Matos, fies, and betters its surroundings. Its limbs evidence of executions and torture in Cuban who in private life had been a schoolteacher, branch upward to the sky, and its roots be­ prisons as collected by such diverse groups is now half-blind and desperately weak in come securely planted within the soil. As as the International Rescue Committee, the body-but not in spirit. In his letter, Matos America grows, it branches outward also, International League for the Rights of Man, speaks of his love for his family, for his fel­ building and strengthening our structure of Amnesty International and the Inter-Ameri­ low prisoners, and for his country, Cuba. Last democracy. can Commission on Human Rights. December, two days after Christmas, a car­ Just as a tree reaches its height capacity, The latter Commission recently reported full of unidentified gunmen ambushed and America gives me the confidence of knowing to the Organization of American States, the wounded Huber Matos, Jr., the 33-year old that I, too, can fulfill my highest hopes and OAS, on what it called the "inhuman treat­ son of Major Matos, as he entered his apart­ dreams, if I have the ambition to do so. ment" of political prisoners in Cuba during ment in San Jose, Costa Rica, near the U.S. While the tree shoots upward towards the the past five years. Instead of softening its Cultural Center. Police blamed the at­ stars, America gives me the reassurance that treatment of these prisoners, says the report, tempted assassination on Castro agents try­ I can, also. I am allowed to vote, to voice the Castro regime continues "to reveal a ing to silence the young Matos' campaign for my opinions in our government, and I am complete disdain for the dignity of the hu­ his father's release. guaranteed certain inalienable rights that no man being." That is an enormous understate­ Another Cuban exile, Elena Mederos Gon­ man can take away. ment. The 83-page Commission report itself zalez, helps edit Of Human Rights. She America to me, means progress. Over the cites evidence of numerous instances of death served as Cuba's Minister of Social Welfare past 200 years, our government, and society by torture or through denial of medical at­ for two months after Castro's takeover. Like have grown into a solid and sturdy base. We tention. In one letter smuggled out of a Major Huber Matos, she also broke with must continue to build this foundation tall, Cuban prison and delivered to the Commis­ Castro after becoming aware of his commu­ and sturdy as the large redwoods in a for­ sion, a group of prisoners told of being ex­ nist intentions. Though on Castro's long est. We must also have that unification of perimented on by Russian, Czech and Cuban "enemy list," Huber Matos, Jr., Elena. Gon­ the forest to remain a strong government. communist doctors. zalez and numerous other freedom-loving As a branch is an essential part of a tree, "They come to the cells to weigh us," said Cuban exiles vow to continue speaking out, we as citizens are essential to our country. the letter. "They observe us, they evaluate while there remains anyone who will listen. March 2·2, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8635 MR. NEBRASKA SPORTS McBride was an early visitor, and always by the company. They feel-perhaps rightly­ with a. complimentary copy of The World­ that the people should be capable of finding Herald under his arm. An a.mazing number a number by themselves. HON. CHARLES THONE of N.U. athletes held summer jobs there. It has been my own unfortunate expe­ He was one of a kind-Mr. Nebraska. rience to have had to call this service on a. OF NEBRASKA Sports-an institution. He never did like few occasions. After dutifully looking in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES gushy, sad obituraries and this will be re­ book first and not being able to find the Tuesday, March 22, 1977 membered here. number, I have timidly called "Enquiries." We don't know if angels have fiying con­ The reason I say timidly is these operators Mr. THONE. Mr. Speaker, one sports­ tests. But if they do, Gregg will soon be rat­ have been known to cut people off abruptly writer has been honored above all others ing them. Farewell to a talented colleague if they feel the caller's voice does not sound in the Cornhusker State. Gregg McBride and good friend. humble enough. earned the title of "Mr. Nebraska This particular time, after the customary Sports," while writing about athletics in lengthy wait, I asked for a number. The op­ the State for more than 50 years. erator asked me sharply, "Well, have you A RINGING TRIBUTE FROM AN looked for it yourself?" I replied meekly, He was a fine writer. He was a person "Yes." After another lengthy pause she said, with innovative ideas. Perhaps most im­ IRISHMAN "The number you want is on Page 176, sec­ portant of all, Gregg McBride was a man ond column, five rows down," and she hung who was truly a joy to know. My first few up. hours with him were spent in a local HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI When I think of some of the freaks and watering hole in Estes Park, Colo.-the OF ILLINOIS perverts that humiliate female operators in Dark Horse Inn. Before that day was IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES directory assistance here while they sit there, not being allowed to cut them off, I think ended, I am sure he felt that this Uni­ Tuesday, March 22, 1977 they deserve praise indeed. versity of Nebraska law student, "Thorn Therr are numerous other contrasts I could from Hartington," had a great future Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, the made, such as repairs. If your telephone is before the bar. Chicago Tribune's Perspective page pe­ out of order in Ireland it can take weeks to Gregg McBride died a few days ago, riodically carries articles by citizens repair. Here it's just a few days. and I shall miss him very, very much. who wish to exp;ress their views on mat­ I do not mean to ridicule my own coun­ The Omaha World-Herald publisheC:. an ters of current interest. This "Spealc try, or charge that every operator there is editorial tribute to him. The column not Out" column is an opportunity for indi­ like the one I mentioned. Neither do I wish viduals to contribute their views and to imply that the American people are in­ only alludes to some of his accomplish­ considerate, I have encountered nothing but ments but also gives an indication of his place emphasis on matters of concern kindness since I came here. I just want to great sense of humor. I include this edi­ to them. make a few points in old "Ma Bell's" favor. torial at this point in the CONGRESSIONAL An article, which appeared in this RECORD: . column of the March 7 Chicago Trib­ LAST RATING FOR MCBRIDE une, is by a recent Irish immigrant, Gregg McBride's memory of Nebraska Flannan Lillis. Mr. LHlis comments on EQUAL RIGHTS AMENDMENT sports was as detailed as an Andrew Wyeth our telephone service which we often watercolor. take for granted: The genial Scot retired in 1967 after 50 A RINGING TRIBUTE FROM AN IRISHMAN HON. GLADYS NOON SPELLMAN years of sportswriting and pioneering in the (By Flannan Lillis) OF MARYLAND rating and record fields. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES His ratings of high school athletic teams The author of today's Speak Out is a were widely respected, but they also stirred mechanical set-up man in a tin plate fac­ Tuesday, March 22, 1977 tory. He is married and lives in Glen Ellyn. controversy. Mrs. SPELLMAN. Mr. Speaker, 5 years While he worked long hours and knew Since I arrived in this country some three every gym and football field in the state, years ago, I can't help but notice that the ago today, the Congress of the United he had ample time for fun and practical Bell Telephone Co. is often criticized for States passed the equal rights amend­ jokes. He liked to tell about the young man poor service. Frankly I can't understand it. ment to the Constitution. It was, many Perhaps the fact that I a.m a native of· Members said then, an idea whose time in western Nebraska who was sent into the Ireland and that I worked in the telephone . big basketball game, removed his warmup company there will explain my bewilder­ had long since come. It still is. suit and discovered there was nothing under­ ment. I say the telephone company there, The amendment is a simple statement neath. because with the exception of a. few private of equality for the majority of our soci­ Gregg once invented a mythical Eskimo firms, the phone company there is operated ety's citizens. I am proud to be here today high jumper named Mervyn Mendew. In by the Irish government under the rather as a Representative of the State of Mary­ an elaborate campaign, he kept the Univer­ grandiose title, "Department of Post and sity of Nebraska track coach informed of land, which ratified tlfe ERA less than 1 Telegraphs." month after congressional passage. In- · Mervyn's startling feats. The coach is said I do not, under any circumstances, want to have actually made Mervyn a scholarship to put my own native country or any of its deed, the Maryland State Senate ratified offer. Copies of that correspondence remain facilities down, but the fact remains that it on March 31, 1972-less than 10 days in the archives. Ireland is still but a growing young country following action by the Congress. Retired photographer John Savage used to and its technological development has been Eloquent testimony to Maryland's take football pictures atop the N.U. stadium. slow. I think maybe by showing some of the commitment to equality is the fact that, Gregg learned that John lowered the film conditions that exist not only in Ireland we are a comparatively small State, with a fishing rod to a. colleague at half­ but also in Great Britain and quite a few we have more women Representatives in time for a speedy trip to the darkroom in other European countries, perhaps what I Omaha. consider to be an excellent telephone serv­ this body than any other State. McBride arranged to have an ancient ice here will be appreciated a little more. For myself, I cannot comprehend the mackerel attached to the line-and a game In quite a. few areas in Ireland and other fury of the controversy that has raged warden on hand to promptly arrest John countries, the magneto system is still in around the amendment. It simply says: for fishing without a license. operation. Possibly the older people here Equality of rights under the law shall not He had a serious side, but no one ever will remember this type of telephone, with be denied or abridged by the United States heard much about that. He was the con­ the handle on its side and dry cell batteries or by any State on account of sex. fidant and adviser to countless athletes on underneath. The handle has to be cranked the high school college level. He helped them several times to contact the operator who Substitute for the word "sex" the out with personal problems and sought help will then, if you are lucky and the line is words "race, religion or age." Can you for financial and other difficulties. He prob­ not down, put 'you in touch wit~ the desired envision State legislatures refusing ra;ti­ ably gave as much advice to the lovelorn party. For the dubious distinction of owning fication to an amendment which forbade as Ann Landers. one of these antique beauties the . waiting discrimination on any of those grounds? For many years, Mr. and Mrs. McBride list is a year or so. The answer is obvious. What ERA op­ spent their summers in Estes Park, Colo. In Ireland, the directory assistance service McBride knew every waitress, bartender, op­ ls known as "Telephone Enquiries." For a ponents have done is builq a series of era.tor of the shooting gallery, the post­ city of 30,000, the maximum staff manning strawmen which they then demolish with master, the local editor, the druggist-every this facility is four. Unfortunately, this serv­ great emotion and fanfare. one. And when friends arrived for a vacation, ice is looked upon as a. necessary nuisance I hope and pray, Mr. Speaker, that on 8636 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 22, 1977 this anniversary date next year, we can H.R. 3752 "(F) any payment or obllgation referred to all rise to salute final ratification of the A b111 to amend the Federal Election cam- in section 301(e) (5) (J) of the Federal Elec­ ERA. If we cannot, we will be consigning paign Act of 1971 to provide that payments tion Campaign Act of 1971;". our female majority to a continuing twi­ made with respect to certain campaign ma- light struggle-law by law, regulation by terials shall not be considered to be con- regulation-line by line to achieve the tributions under such Act, and for other rights already enjoyed by the rest of our purposes SUGAR INDUSTRY NEEDS HELP Be it enacted by the Senate and House of citizens. Re'P'fesentatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That section HON. RAYMOND F. LEDERER SUPPORT FOR CARTER ADMINIS­ 301 ( e) ( 5) of the Federal Election Campaign TRATION PROPOSALS ON ELEC­ Act of 1971 (2 U.3.C. 431(e) (5)) ls OF PENNSYLVANIA TION REFORM amended- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ( 1) in clause (H) thereof, by striking out Tuesday, March 22, 1977 "or" immediately after the semicolon; HON. EDWARD I. KOCH (2) in clause (I) thereof, by inserting "or" Mr. LEDERER. Mr. Speaker, the re­ immediately after the seµiicolon; and OF NEW YORK cent depressed state of the American (3) by inserting immediately after clause IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (I) the following new clause: sugar industry is a matter of great con­ Tuesday, March 22, 1977 "(J} any payment made or obllgation in­ cern to us all. However, even more curred by any candidate for nomination for troubling is the so-called solution of the Mr. KOCH. Mr. Speaker, I was de­ election, or electlOlll, to any Federal office or International Trade Commission which lighted to learn today of President Car­ any State or local elective publlc office, by recommended restrictive quotas on all ter's recommendations dealing with the principal campaign committee of such foreign sugar imports. This recommenda­ election reform which were communi­ candidate in the case of a candidate for Fed­ tion came last Friday in the ITC's report cated to the Congress by Vice President eral office, or by any political organization of to the President on investigation No. MONDALE this morning. I believe the pro­ a. candidate for State or local elective public office which engages in activities with respect TA-201-16 Under section 201 of the posed voter registration legislation, the to such candidate which are substantially Trade Act of 1974. Not only is this solu­ Universal Voter Registration Act of 1977, similar to activities engaged in by a principal tion blatantly anticonsumer and eco­ the broadening of public financing to campaign committee, for- nomically inefficient, it will also fall to cover congressional campaigns and the " (i) any political campaign button or mo­ assist the American cane and beet sugar revision of the Federal Hatch Act are all tor vehicle bumper sticker which advocates farmer who the International Trade very important proposals which deserve the election of both such ·candidate and any Commission is suppasedly trying to pro­ the Congress immediate attention. other individual who is a candidate for Fed­ eral office; or tect. Moreover, the import quota would I want to bring special attention to the "(11) any other political campaign adver· at the same time wreak havoc on the President's suggestions dealing with the tisement which advocates the election of both domestic sugar refining industry. modification of the Federal Election such candidate and any other individual who In the aforementioned investigation by Campaign Act based on our recent ex­ ls a candidate for any Federal office, except · the ITC, the effect of their recommenda­ perience in this past campaign. I wish to the extent that the agigrega te cost of all tions on the American consume,r has to quote from the President's message such advertisements With respect to the been totally ignored. Conveniently lost to the Congress: election involved exceeds- "(I) an amount equal to 2 cents multi­ in the passage of time were those pain­ We noticed, for example, thwt there was ful months in 1974 when the consumer less activity than in the past at the state plied by the voting age popul·ation of the and local level during the general election State in which such election ls held (as was expected to pay between 70 and 80 campaign. Opportunities should be availa­ certified under section 320 ( e) ) , in cases in cents for a pound of sugar. The consum­ ble for more grass-roots participation in which the names of both such candidate and er is left by the ITC without any assur­ Presidential races. This could be accom­ such other individual Will appear on the elec­ ance that the 1974 sugar crisis will not tion ballot in each of the political subdivi­ plished by allowing Pres~dential candidates sions of such State; or reoccur in 1977. A 1977 sugar crisis would to designate one committee in each state to "(II) $6,000, in cases in which' the name be further acerbated by the recent FDA raise and spend a limited amount of money ban on saccharin, a sugar substitute for campaign activities within the state. A of either such candidate or such other indi­ reasonable limit for this activity might be 'Vidua.l, or the names of both such candidate whose present use is equivalent to ap­ 2c per eligible voter. Such committees could and such other individual, w111 appee.r OIIl the proximately one-quarter million pounds be allowed to delegate spending authority to election ballot in fewer than all of the po- of sugar annually. To force the American local committees, but they should stm be 11 tioal subdivisions of such State;". consumer to shoulder such a burden is responsible for reporting contributions and (b) The second sentence of section 320(c) not only unconscionable, but economi­ expenditures. Also, when Congressional can- ( 1) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 u.s.c. 441a(c) (1)) is amended by cally irresponsible when viewed with its , didates mention in their advertising the inserting "and the amounts specified in sec­ inflationary ramifications. Presidential nominee of their party, the ex­ tion 301 (e) (5) (J) (ii)" before "shall be in­ In addition, import quotas are prob­ penditure should not have to be reported creased". by the Presidential candidate. ably the least efficient mechanism by SEC. 2. (a) Section 9002 of the Internal which the Federal Government can pro­ The issue that the President raised in Revenue Code of 1954 (relating to defini­ tions) is amended by adding at the end tect the cane and beet sugar growers of this portion of his message is one that the United States. If we need to aid the I have been concerned with ever since thereof the following new paragraph: "(13) The term 'contribution' does not in­ domestic sugar farmers, the Government my congression:al campaign committee, clude any payment or obligation referred to can protect the growers, the consumer, "New Yorkers for Koch," printed 3,000 in section 301(e) (5) (J) of the Federal Elec- and the domestic sugar refining indus­ Carter-Mondale-Koch buttons in the fall tion Campaign Act of 1971.". . try, by granting Treasury subsidies and of 1976. When I was informed that the (b} Section 9032(4) (E) of the Internal price supports to the farmer rather than Federal Election Commission had direct­ Revenue Code of 1954 (relating to definitions) by artificially raising the price of sugar ed candidates to remove billboards is amended- through tariff and import quotas. The which included the names of Presiqen­ (1) in clause (i} thereof, by striking out "or" immediately after "candidate,"; cost to consumers of raising the price of tial candidates, I requested a ruling (2) in clause (11) ther-eof, by striking out sugar 1 cent a pound through the tariff from the Commission on my buttons. the period and inserting in lieu thereof ", or import quota mechanism would, ac­ The Commission ruled only that I could or"; and cording to industry estimates, be in ex• give out my buttons, but declined to (3) by adding at the end thereof the fol­ cess of $286 million. make a broader ruling. lowing new "lause: I wholeheartedly agree with the Pres­ "(111) any payment or obligation referred On the other hand, the U.S. Cane ident that such expenditures need not to in section 301(e) (5) (J) of the Federal Sugar Refiners Association estimates be reported by the Presidential candi­ Election Campaign Act of 1971.". that for each penny a pound for sugar date. I have introduced H.R. 3752 to ad­ SEc. 3. Section 591(e) (5) of title 18, United borne by U.S. Treasury subsidies, rather States Code, ls amended- than through tariff or import quotas, the dress this particular problem and I hope (1) in clause (D) thereof, by striking out that this bill will be considered along cost to the Treasury would be $124 mil­ "or" immediately after the semicolon; lion. The efficacy of the subsidy rather with the other proposals currently pend­ (2) in clause (E) thereof, by Lnserting "or" ing before the Congress and those made immediately after the semicolon; and than the tariff or import quota mecha­ by the Carter administration. The text (3) by inse·rting immediately after clause nism is substantiated by the U.S. Depart­ of H.R. 3752 follows: (E) the following new clause: ment of Agriculture which states in the March 22, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8637 summary of its publication Sugar Policy spread and unfair practices that cur­ even if that plant's employees belong to sev­ Options for the United States that: rently exist in social security payments. eral unions. They further say they should The compensatory payment scheme is the The Social Security Recipients Fairness have the right to shut down an entire con­ least costly of the specific price assurance' Act would alleviate hardships caused by struction site. options, but costs are borne by the Treasury the problem of lost, stolen, or delayed The critical difference in these compari­ rather than by the consumer, per se. son$ are, of course, ignored. An industrial social security cheeks, eliminate out­ plant is a single employer with some control Certainly, Mr. Speaker, the subsidy rageous delays in processing claims for over his labor relations policies, but a. con­ mechanism is a far more viable alterna­ disability in many parts of the country, struction site operates differently. The con­ tive for the consumer, the Government, extend these protections to recipients of struction site involves many independent the sugar refining industry, and indeed black lung benefits and protect recipi­ contractors, often called subcontractors and the cane and beet sugar grower, than the ents from undue economic hardship due also many different skilled crafts, and no sin­ to accidental overpayments. gle employer on the construction site has import quotas recommended by the ITC. control -over the labor relatibns policies of Moreover, such import quotas will fail When we talk about delays in han­ all the various contractors on the site. to assist the domestic cane and sugar dling complaints, we are talking about 6 (2) The proponents of this b111 are quick farmer that they were designed ·to pro­ weeks to 6 months in many cases. When to tell everyone that this b111, H.R. 3500, has tect. The domestic corn sirup industry, we talk about disability claims, we are built-in safeguards 'f;hat protects minorities, already successfully competing with the talking about 6 months to 2 years. This prevent strikes and reduce picketing. cane and beet sugar growers, would be must and can be stopped and I believe I cannot for the life of me find one single the provisions of my bill will do it. acceptable safeguard in this b111. Let's look placed in a position to receive huge wind­ at each of the so-called safeguards: fall profits from any tariff or import A. Protects minorities: According to sev­ quotas on sugar.· By artificially raising eral governmental surveys, private surveys the pri'ce of sugar through tariffs or im­ and personal observance, this is like giving port quotas, the Government would sim­ COMMON SITUS PICKETING the wolf the key to the sheep pen. There is a ply be awarding the corn sirup manu­ far greater percentage of minorities on the facturers a larger share of the domestic payroll of merit shop and open shop con­ sugar market. The higher domestic cane HON. MICKEY EDWARDS tractors than has ever been under the union and beet sugar prices would simply force OF OKLAHOMA shop. Also, there is adequate regulations re­ IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES quiring equal opportunities for minorities industrial sugar users and consumers to already in our laws. a cheaper alternative source-that of Tuesday, March 22, 1977 B. Prevents strikes: Supporters of this b111 corn sirup sweeteners. Thus it is not only Mr. EDWARDS of Oklahoma. Mr. say that this b111 requires approval of the conceivable, but probable that the cane national union before striking, but in the and beet sugar farmers of the United Speaker, this week the House will vote same vein this bill would remove all UablUty States would lose a large share of the on H.R. 4250 and decide the question of for the national union, even if the local union market that they had enjoyed before an whether labor union leaders are to be engages in 1llegal activities during a strike. impositi'On of import quotas. This would given immense new powers as negotiators This is some kind of protection, and how does leave these growers in a worse position with management. it protect or safeguard against strikes? In my Common situs picketing legislation has opinion, this is nothing but whitewash. So than before any import quotas were they have to notify their national union, but implemented. many faults, among them a lack of sup­ port by the general public as well as the the national union is absolved of any Ua­ Additionally, these import quotas b11ity, so the end results would be unauthor­ would severely damage the second tier American union member. After many ized pickets that effectively block work at the of the sugar industry,•that of the sugar months of debate on this issue, advocates construction site. There is no responsib111ty, refiners. Reducing the imported sugar of common situs picketing legislation so where is the contrc;>l? supply would involve layoffs and reduced have failed to present a convincing argu­ c. Reduces picketing: Horrors, this is sick­ hours of work in the sugar refining in­ ment for this bill, or even to produce a ening. How stupid do the supporters of this cause for such legislation. Two national situs picketing bill think our Congressmen dustri'es, whose plants are located in and the public are? Can you imagine a situs areas already suffering intolerably high opinion surveys, one commissioned by labor union leaders themselves, show picketing b111 to authorize entire site picket­ levels of unemployment. ing is going to reduce picketing! During the The import quota recommendations that there is no strong support for the situs picketing b111 of last year, the then Sec­ made by the ITC would have a devastat­ bill. retary of Labor testified that unless the situs ing impact on a national economy al­ As the debate over the merits of com­ picketing bill was passed and became law that ready ravaged by infiation. It is an eco­ mon situs picketing draws to a close, I the construction industry could expect the nomically inefficient mechanism which urge my colleagues to evaluate all the greatest number of work stoppages in his­ arguments, because your vote will have tory, that the construction industry would be does not achieve its goals. Most tragi'­ crippled. Nothing is farther from the truth. cally, these import quotas will damage great impact on the national economy and on the balance that now protects or­ After the failure last year, we had the fewest the very sugar industry that they were work stoppages that I can ever remember. The implemented to strengthen. If the Gov­ ganized workers and small businessmen exact opposite of their claims is true. If ernment wishes to revitalize a depressed alike. situs picketing is passed, we wm then see domestic sugar industry it must do so in I also ask that you give careful con­ the greatest number of work stoppages in his­ a manner responsible to all the interests sideration to the following statement by tory and the construction industry along involved. Tariff and import quotas in this Mr. Dudley Mitchell, executive vice pres­ with our entire economy will be crippled. case are responsive to none of them. It ident of . the Associated Builders and (3) If HR 3500 becomes law, Oklahoma Contractors of Oklahoma, Inc., who along with the rest of our country, w111 suffer. would behoove the Congress to urge the speaks for many concerned Americans We in the merit shop and open shop part Carter administration to reject any such who are knowledgeable about the mis­ of the industry will be the subjects of con­ recommendations for our ailing sugar stant intimidation, coercion and pressures industry. conceptions planted by advocates of com­ from all points. The first few months would mon situs picketing: be total havoc for the free enterprise, Inde­ STATEMENT BY MR. DUDL"E:Y MITCHELL pendent contractor. Aggravation picketing BILL TO ELIMINATE UNFAm PRAC­ (1) The true intent and effect of HR 3500 would be the general rule rather than the TICES IN SOCIAL SECURITY PAY­ has been clouded by union rhetoric. exception, owners would be threatened a.nd The unions claim 1n the preface of HR intimidated and extreme pressure would be MENTS 3500 that the intent of the b111 is "to pro­ made to force them to cancel their contracts tect the economic rights of labor in the with merit shop and open shop . contractors building and construction industry by pro­ and renegotiate them with closed shop con­ HON. EDWARD P. BEARD viding for equal treatment of craft and in­ tractors. It would result in a real mess, OF RHODE ISLAND dustrial workers." battle Unes would be drawn and the entire Hogwash! They already have the same lev­ industry polarized. Then as the smoke settled IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES erage as other unions in that they have the opportunities would develop where both Tuesday, March 22, 1977 right to strike against their employer a;nd open shop and union shop contractors would to shut down the operation of that employer be bidding on the same job. When this hap­ Mr. BEARD of Rhode Island. Mr. at a construction site. pens, the union shops cannot compete and Speaker, I am introducing today a bill Of course supporters of this b111 say that the great difference in philosophies would that is intended to eliminate four wide- one union can shut down an .entire plant, become apparent. In fact, I believe that 8638 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 2·2, 1977 within a period of less than two years closed In essence, under common-situs picketing, powerplants-we can harness the enor­ shop union contractors would be doing only a union would be picketing more than the mous amount of waste heat they produce public work jobs, and open shop free enter­ company which employs it. It would be pick­ prise contractors would be doing only private eting several firms, something we think is but squander. We do not have to give up work. unfair. cars-we can trade a 7-mile-per-gallon Is this what Congress wants? Are union We think the common-situs picketing bill guzzler for a 40-mile-per-gallon compact. shop or closed shop contractors better than should be defeated. Our energy policy also must provide open shop contractors? Are union craftsmen strong incentives, such as tax credits and entitled to the work and non-union crafts­ loan programs, for consumers to switch men not entitled to pursue their chosen lines AT THE ENERGY CROSSROAD to energy-efficient products and habits of work? Why is it that Congress cannot as President Carter will suggest on Aprii leave the free enterprise system alone and 20. Change is needed in those Federal let the industry seek its own level? There is HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL transportation regulations and utility room for both ·philosophies. OF NEW YORK Frankly speaking, if situs picketing offers rate structures that promote inefficient all the protections that supporters claim, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES energy use. Industry must be made to what good could it possibly do them? None! Tuesday, March 22, 1977 complY. with tough production require­ If it does not offer those protections, why on ments that need not be elaborate. If all earth does Congress believe that they have Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker this new buildings in the next 12 years are got to give union complete control of our freezing winter has given us a sta~k re­ constructed properly-by using a large economic system. Sure, labor bosses made minder of America's vulnerability in our large contributions and supplied large growing dependence on oil and gas. The south window as a simple type of "pas­ amounts of help to get many of our Con­ immediate shortage may be blamed in sive" solar collector, for example-we gressmen elected, but do they owe them all large part on energy companies that will save about as much energy as we ex­ this? withheld supplies desperately needed in pect to pump out of the Alaskan North This bill is an attempt to legislate union Slope. wages, working conditions and control of the East and Midwest. It would be a tragic mistake, however, to explain away As a second step, the new policy must the entire construction industry, something acknowledge that our natural resources unions cannot do for themselves. Gentle­ our entire energy dilemma with this men, we cannot allow this to occur. I request shortsighted answer. are in fact national resources and should all effort, influence and votes be used by Instead, we must recognize our fossil be treated as such. Price controls on oil right-thinking Congressmen to defeat this fuel resources are not going to last for­ and gas must be extended to safeguard blatant attempt. ever. A comprehensive policy must be set the consumer, who is not buying his Situs picketing is not acceptable to me without delay to attain greater -energy energy from a competitive industry or my associates in any form, fashion or sit­ o~er~ting in a free marketplace. The uation Please defeat HR 3500. efficiency through tough conservation measures and greater public control of b1ddmg procedures for leasing federally existing supplies. We also must commit owned lands should be revised to open the country to a massive program for de­ the public's vast fossil fuel reserves to small, independent firms. Vigorous anti­ COMMON SITUS PICKETING velopment of permanent energy sources like solar energy. . trust action is needed to decentralize Congress made some progress toward energy giants and make them responsive HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI such a comprehensive energy policy when to national policy interests. it passed the Energy Policy and Conser­ We also must eliminate the tax loop­ OF Il.LINOIS holes, oil depletion allowances foreign IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vation Act in December 1'975. That law requires auto manufacturers to improve tax credits, and other governme~tal rules Tuesday, March 22, 1977 the efficiency of cars, authorizes a stand­ that subsidize the' oil and gas companies. by petroleum reserve in case of future The revenue generated from forcing Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, tomor­ the energy companies to pay their fair row the House is scheduled to take up the embargoes, requires energy efficiency labeling on appliances and sets up ma­ share of taxes can help in the third and consideration of the common situs most important task: developing the picketing bill. chinery to coordinate state energy con­ servation plans and the collection of en­ means to make ours a society powered This bill has received more pro and by sustainable energy sources like the con discussion than any ether piece of ~rgy. data. The result, while encouraging, is still a patchwork of well-meaning ef­ Sun, wind, the oceans, or the heat below legislation in this session of the Congress. the Earth's crust. These are not "exotic" In the event, there are any Members forts and not a clear statement of policy goals. forms of energy-they are the hard cur­ who are still undecided as to how to vote rency that will buy a comfortable fu­ on this bill, I direct their attention to an The need for a broad national policy ture. While research finds techniqu~s to editorial against the common situs is urgent. Domestic oil production peaked in 1970. Domestic natural gas produ:­ make these renewable energy sources picketing bill, broadcast by WGN Radio­ commercially feasible, our plentiful coal TV Continental Broadcasting Co. of tion peaked in 1974. Just to stay even-to keep the level of imports the same as reserves can help us through the transi­ Chicago. This editorial was carried on tion. But instead of spending billion of their March 15 news programs: they were in 1976 and maintain the same r~s e arch dollars on energy-wasting tech­ AGAINST COMMON SITUS PICKETING level of consumption-we would have to discover 3 .1 billion new barrels of oil mques that convert coal to oil and gas, A legislative priority of organized labor is each year. We have been discovering only coal can and should be burned directly being considered again on CapltoJ Hill. It is a and cleanly. · bill which could bring disruption to the con­ about one-sixth that amount while rapid­ struction industry, an industry still trying to ly depleting old reserves. Without a farsighted energy policy recover from the recession of 1974 and 1975. i;ye must turn first to the safest, most that deemphasizes oil and gas technol­ It could also force small subcontractors and rehable and least polluting form of im­ ogies, we face energy and even financial their employees into collective bargaining mediate energy-conservation. bankruptcy. After we have stripped our whether they want it or not. In 1975, Americans wasted more fos­ lands bare, laced our landscape with What the proposed legislation would al­ sil fuel than was used by two-thirds of high voltage power lines and nuclear low is something called common-situs pick­ plans and plundered our oceans, we will eting. It works this way. the world's population. We annually con­ A large construction project is well under­ sume more than twice as much fuel as have only a society built around non­ way. The general contractor has subcon­ we need to maintain our standard of liv­ existent fuels. tracted for concrete, brick-laying, structural ing. Continued dependence on past energy steel, electrical, plumbing, tile and carpentry Conservation will not damage our patterns will consume a large portion of work. Each sub-contractor is dealing with economy, as some alarmists fear. We can ~ur investment dollars while realizing different crafts. If his workers are unionized travel as many miles, stay as warm, llttle longrun return. Just building more each subcontractor is dealing with a differ~ operate as many appliances and eat what oil and gas facilities and danger-laden ent union. Let's suppose the tile masons go on strike. At present they may picket their we now eat--yet do it with more energy nuclear powerplants would cost about employer only. The other building trades efficiency. two-thirds of all net new capital gen­ continue to work. But, under common-situs We do not have to live in a cold erated between now and 1985, according picketing, they would be able to picket the house-we can have well-insulated to some economists. These huge expendi­ construction site, with the other trades hon­ homes with efficient heating systems. We tures would kick off higher prices de­ oring the picket line, stopping all work. do not have to shut down factories and prive industry of the money it needs to March 22, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8639 invest in less wasteful technologies and The Woodstock Theft Detecting Society 1886: Edward T. Warner. spawn another result we do not need­ was organized May 20, 1793,2 with the idea 1887- 1888: Ebenezer Bishop. of recovering property stolen in town. A 1889-1890: Finley M. Fox. higher unemployment. Investments in President, Vice-President, Clerk, Treasurer 1891-1892: Henry K. Safford. large energy facilities produce fewer jobs and six "Pursuers" were the officers chosen. 1893-1894: John H. Child. per dollar than any other investment we Pursuers were provided with horses, and 1895-1896: William W. Webber. could make. were obliged to follow thieves at a moment's 1897-1898: Frank R. Jackson. Continuing down this path also will notice. Gen. Samuel McClellan was the first 1899-1900: John F. Chandler. not stem the relentless centralization of President, Ejiah Williams the first Treasurer 1901- 1902: Clarence H. ·Child. the energy industry. In 1975, the top and Major Ebenezer Smith the first Secre­ 1903-1904: Oliver A. Hiscox. eight energy companies controlled 53 tary or Clerk. Elijah Williams, Ebenezer 1905-1906: Leonard H . Healey. Smith, Hezekiah Bugbee, William Graves 1907- 1909: Melancthon Riddick. percent of domestic crude oil production and Silas May drew up By-Laws. Meetings 1910- 1911: Albert Nelson Hammond. and 43 percent of natural gas produc­ were held quarterly, alternating between 1912- 1913: Chester E. May. tion. In 1970, the eight largest firms Williams' Tavern (Hamilton Holt's house) 1914-1916: George M. Sampson . • controlled 41 percent of coal production on Woodstock Hill and Silas May's Tavern 1917-1918: Edward L. Chamberlain. and the seven largest firms controlled 65 in East Woodstock, now the home of his 1919-1920: Charles M. Perrin. percent of the crude oil production in great-grandson Chester E. May.a The Society 1921-1922: Benjamin R. Ritch. the non-Communist world-an increase was reorganized and incorporated in 1824.' 1923-1924: Byron W. Bates. of more than 61 percent since 1953. Fail­ The incorporators were William May, Jedi­ 1925-1926: Luther J. Leavitt. diah Kimball, Alfred Walker, Jonathan Vice Presidents ure to act will leave America's energy May, Theophilus B. Chandler, John Paine, 1826: John Paine. policy in the hands of a few giant firms William Flynn. Annual meetings the third which, together with the OPEC cartel, Monday in December, with dinner, singing, 1827: William Bowen. can set arbitrary prices and production speeches and the election of officers were 1828: John Fowler, 2nd. levels. held at Elmwood Hall, the Vestry of the 1829-1832: William Flynn. Church in South Woodstock, in West 1833-1834: Theophilus B. Chandler. Much of the task of implementing a 1835: John F. Williams. consistent energy policy falls to Govern­ Woodstock, and recently in the Community House, East Woodstock. Following are the 1836-1838: Ezra Child. ment. President Carter has taken an es­ officers of the Society during the past one 1839: Andrew A. Williams. sential first step in his proposal to reor­ hundred and thirty-three years (1793-1926): 1840: Rhodes Arnold. ganize the disparate and overlapping en­ 1841-1'843: Amasa Carpenter. ergy bureaucracies in Washington. I am FOOTNOTES 1844-1846: Nathan Austin. one of the sponsors of legislation to es­ 1 The author is indebted to Mrs. May for 1847- 1848: Oliver Saunders. information regarding the East Woodstock 1849: James Lyon. tablish a Cabinet-level Department of Library. 1850: John F. Williams. Energy. 2 References to the Society are in Larned's 1851-1852: Peleg C. Child. How our time, skills, and money are "Windham County," Vol. II: 455, 533. For list 1853-1854: John F. Williams. spent now will determine whether the of original and all other members of the 1855-1856: Stephen L. Potter. rest of this century and the next will be Society see Appendix 24, p. 632. 1857: Chester W. Paine. years of relative energy security. The a "My Ancestors," by Lyman May Paine, 1858-1861: George A. Penniman. United States cannot afford a disjointed Chicago 1914, p. 99. 1862-1863: Jethniel Perrin. policy that reinforces our present profli­ 'The Act of Incorporation w.as passed at 1864-1865: Daniel Warner. the May session of the Legislature. At the 1866-1867: John E. Buckman. gate and shortsighted ways. annual meeting of the Society in 1829, dur­ 1868-1869: Elisha M. Phillips. ing the Temperance Agitation, John F. 1870-1871: Stephen D. Skinner. Williams, Clerk, wrote in the Records: "No 1872: Charles H. May. ardent spirits drunk today." 1873: Edwin S. Bugbee. WOODSTOCK THEFT DETECTING Presidents 1874-1875: Albert C. Chandler. 1876-1877: Andrew F. Clark. SOCIETY OF CONNECTICUT 1793-1796: Gen. Samuel McClellan. 18'78: Thomas Milligan. 1797: Nehemiah Child. 1879-1881: William B. Lester. HON. CHRISTOPHER J. DODD 1798-1800: Gen. Samuel McClellan. 1882: Waldo Phillips. 1801: Silas May. 1883-1884: Edward T. Warner. OF CONNECTICUT 1802-1803: Gen. Samuel McClellan. 1885-1886: Alexander M. Bancroft. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1804: Capt. William May. 1887-1888: William W. Webber. 1805-1808: Capt. Ephraim May. Tuesday, March 2 2, 1977 1889-1890: William A. Weaver. 1809: Nehemiah Child. 1891-1892: John H. Child. Mr. DODD. Mr. Speaker, I recently 1810: Capt. Christopher Bentley. 1893-1894: William W. Webber. had the honor of addressing the Wood­ 1811: Nehemiah Child. 1895-1896: Frank R. Jackson. 1812-1814: Rensselaer Child. 1897: Nathan E. Morse. stock Theft Detecting Society of Con­ 1815-1820: Capt. Ephraim May. necticut--a group dedicated to the idea 1898: John F. Chandler. 1821: Capt. William May. 1899-1900: Clarence H. Child. of community and neighborhood coop­ 1822-1823: Theophilus B. Chandler. 1901-1902: Oliver A. Hiscox. eration. 1824-1825: Jonathan May. 1903-1904: Leonard H. Healey. The society, first organized in 1793 1826: Rensselaer Child. 1905-1906: Melancthon Riddick. and chartered by the State of Connecti­ 1827-1828: John Paine. 1907-1909: Albert Nelson Hammond. 1829-1832: John Fowler, 2nd. 1910-1911: Charles Child Gildersleeve, M.D. cut in 1834, originally provided for a 1833-1835: William Flynn. 1912-1913: George M. Sampson. means of recovering stolen property. So­ 1836-1838: John F. Williams. 1914-1916: Edward L . Chamberlain. ciety members were supplied with horses 1839: Ezra Child. 1917-1918: Charles M. Perrin. and were obliged to follow thieves at a 1840: John Fowler, 2nd. 1919-1920: Benjamin R. Ritch. moment's notice. 1841-1843: Eleazar Litchfield. 1921-1922: Byron W. Bates. 1844-1846: Amasa Carpenter. Today, the society remains much the 1923-1924: Luther J. Leavitt. 1847-1848: Nathan Austin. same. with the addition of women mem­ 1925-1926: William M. Gallup 1849: Oliver Saunders. bers in 1919 and associate members in Treasurers 1950. In addition persons living in a 10- 1850-1852: William Flynn. 1853-1854: Henry Wells. 1793-1795: Elijah Williams. mile radius outside of Woodstock town­ 1855-1857: Samuel Fenner. 1796: Jason Williams. ship limits receive the same benefits as 1858: Stephen Potter. 1797-1798: Elisha Lyon. amended in 1887. 1859-1861: John F. Williams. 1799-1805: William Bowen. Mr. Speaker, in the spirit and dedica­ 1862-1865: Leonard M. Dean. 1806: Elias Child. tion of the members of the Woodstock 1866-1867: Zenas Marcy. 1807-1825: William Bowen. Theft Detecting Society, I would like to 1868-1869: John E. Buckman. 1826: Judah Lyon. include the history of the society in the 1870-1871: Oliver H. Perry. 1827: John Fowler, 2nd. 1872 : Oscar Fisher. 1828: John F. Williams. RECORD. 1873-1875: Charles Harris May. 1829: Spencer Child. THE WOODSTOCK THEFT DETECTING SOCIETY 1876-1877: Dr. George A. Bowen. 1830-1834: John F. Williams. HISTORY OF WOODSTOCK 1878-1879: Stephen D. Skinner. 1835-1843: Edwin S. Child. Emma Aldrich 1 1908-26, except 1920-21, 1880-1882: Carlo May. 1844-1847: John F. Williams. when Mrs. Albert Henry Hibbard (Ellen Van 1883-1884: James B. Tatem. 1948: Lorenzo !Litchfield. Lew Cox) was Librarian: 1885: Francis W. Flynn. 1849: Hiram N. Brown. CXXIII--544-Part 7 8640 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 2·2, 1977 1850: Aver111 Barlow. A TRIBUTE TO DR. ARIE J. HAAGEN­ The battle for clean air has been long and 1851-1852: Leonard M. Dean. SMIT: THE DISCOVERER OF SMOG difficult for the man wh o n ever intenden to 1853-1855: Charles H. May. fight a war in the first place. 1856: Samuel M. Fenner. All that Dr. Arie Haagen-Smit ever in­ 1857: John F. Williams. HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. tended to do was indulge his curiosity. He 1858-1861: Jethniel Perrin. OF CALIFORNIA wanted to know why trees grew, and why 1862-1865: George A. Paine. they died. 1866: Caleb Fenner. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES As a biochemist, life was his essential in­ 1867-1881: Nathan E. Morse. Tuesday, March 22, 1977 terest-tts beauty and its processes. 1882-1919: David Aldrich. And then one day, as a friend tells it, he 1920-1926: Mrs. Frank A. Jordan. Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. stepped out of his ivory tower at the Cali­ Clerks Speaker, I rise to note the death of a fornia Institute of Technology in Pasadena, great scientist who has made a tremen­ and discovered air pollution. 1793-1795: Elijah Williams. That was more than a. quarter o! a century 1796: Jason Williams. dous contribution to the public health J. ago. It has never been the same for the man 1797-1799: Elisha Lyon. and welfare. Dr. Arie Haagen-Smit they call, with some irony, "the father of 1800-1804: Elias Child. was not only a noted biochemist; he was smog." 1805: Theophilus B. Chandler. also a public servant. His dual career He was abruptly ta.ken from the scholarly 1806: Elias Child. was a consequence of his discovery in ambience of his scientific workshop into the 1807-1823: Jonathan May. 1950 that emissions from automobiles chaotic public arena at a time when there 1824-1827: John Fowler, 2nd. and industry, when mixed in the atmos­ were no winners on the ecological front. 1828: John F. Williams. phere and heated by the sun, resulted in Environmentalists fought him with t he 1829: Spencer Child. same ferocity as private indust ry. 1830-1934: John F. Williams. new harmful chemical compounds then It "It was a case," says Haagen-Sm.it today, 1835-1843: Edwin S. Child. known as smog. seems almost ludicrous "of being handed your own death certificat e. 1844-1848: John F. Williams. today to think that this chemical trans­ There was simply no point in arguing with 1849-1852: Lorenzo Litchfield. formation was once hotly denied by in­ anyone." 1853-1855: Lewis Chamberlain. dustry, but that is the way it was in the His simile has some ch1lling aspects. The 1856-1861: Jethniel Perrin. 1950's. Holland-born scientist, winner of all but t he 1862-1865: Caleb Fenner. My own political career has crossed Nobel Prize-and there isn't one in ecology­ 1866-1871: George A. Paine. is a dreadfully ill man. 1872-1877: Monroe W. Ide. the path of Dr. Haagen-Smit many times. In 1954, when I was a city council­ A serious lung condition that causes 1878-1882: Henry T. Child. spasms of coughing has sapped h is strengt h 1883-1886: Oliver A. Hiscox. man from Monterey Park, in Los Angeles and confined him mostly to his quiet and 1887-1889: Charles H. K1llam. County, I saw Dr. Haagen-Smit demon­ lovely home on a tree-lined street of Pasa­ 1890: Henry K. Safford. strate the chemical reaction before the dena. 1891-1892: Frank R. Jackson. city council. In those days Dr. Haagen­ But it has not clouded t he mind or 1893-1894: William A. Weaver, Jr. Smit's work was either ignored or at­ crimped the humor of the "gentle Europena," 1895: Oliver H. Perry. tacked by polluting industries as being nor has it dampened his optimism. 1896-1900: Melancthon Riddick. What Dr. Haagen-Smit, the man they call 1901-1902: George M. Sampson. "unscientific." This familiar refrain is still being heard today in this body. "Haggy,'' did back in 1950 was discover the 1903-1906: George C. Phillips. sources and processes of air pollution and 1907-1910: John F. Chandler. In spite of the early skepticism about create them in a test tube. 1911-1913: S. Howard Peckham. the research on the causes of smog, fur­ No one had one that before ("Although 1914-1920: W1lliam M. Gallup. ther research confirmed what now seems someone would have done it eventually," he 1921-1922: Mrs. John S. May. so obvious, and the State of California says modestly), and the subsequent at ten­ 1923-1925: Mrs. Charles H. Potter. began its 20-year-long effort to control tion was life-changing. 1926: Mrs. Albert H. Williams. automobile emissions. As we all know as Haagen-Smit not only laid out in scientific we debate the auto emission standard principle what smog is-hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen-but also point ed a finger deadlines again this year, the struggle at who caused it. The prime sources, he told IMPROPER EXPLOITATION OF BABY that began with Dr. Haagen-Smit in the world, were the oil and automotive in­ SEALS 1950 is still going on today. dustries. Then he waited for their reaction. Once the need for controlling pollu­ "At first," he said, "they were very quiet." tion became compelling, largely through Hae.gen-Smit leaned back in a 'contour chair citizen pressure upon politicians, Dr. and stared at the ce1ling, half-smiling, re­ HON. BRUCE F. CAPUTO Haagen-Smit was called upon to serve membering. OF NEW YORK on numerous public bodies that were "Then they laughed at me and tried to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES discredit me." He brought the chair forward . responsible for controlling or studying to face his interviewer. "Then there was a Tuesday, March 22, 1977 air pollution. Among one of his assign­ war ..." ments was chairman of the California He entered that war reluctantly. To be Mr. CAPUTO. Mr. Speaker, inhumane Motor Vehicles Pollution Control Board, , a hero, and a target, in the environmental treatment of animals is a subject of ut­ which set auto emission standards in movement had not been the gentle Euro­ most concern to many Americans. Today California in the late 1960's. He similarly pean's intention. the House considers a resolution, of which served on numerous national commit­ "But I suppose," he mused, "it was not I am a cosponsor, House Concurrent Res­ tees, and continued his research which the intention of the :fly to catch the :fly-paper olution 142, which urges the Canadian either, if you know what I mean." led to further restrictions on automobile Such was the impact of his discovery that Government to reassess its policies re­ and industrial air pollution. Through­ Haagen-Smit, then a professor of biology at garding the harp seal. Certainly, we do out the history of modem air pollution Caltech, was to become in 1968 chairman of not have the right to intervene in Cana­ control efforts, progress 1b. cleaning up the California Air Resources Boa.rd, a post da's internal policymaking, however, we the air and Dr. Arie Haagen-Smit have he held until 1973, and a leader in the fight do have an obligation to voice the con­ been synonymous. It would be a pity if for clean air. cern of the Congress and of the American his death also marked the death of air That the air remains polluted, to a lesser public over present policies allowing new­ pollution control efforts, as so many degree than it was 27 years ago, is no cause born harp seals to be clubbed to death for distress, he says. What matters to' him seem to desire today. ·is that "the show is on the road." for their pelts. No use is made of the Mr. Speaker, at this time I place two "We will always have some bad days," he carcasses for food. articles about Dr. Haagen-Smit in the said, coughing and trying to smile. "But The possible extinction of this animal RECORD. I commend both items to my there are so many more good days now . . ." warrants congressional action. Improper colleagues. Arie Ha.a.gen-Smit is 76. He received his exploitation of baby seals or any other The articles follow: Ph.D. in chemistry in the Netherlands anti animals must be rectified. I hope you will [From the Los Angeles Times, Mar. 6, 1977] came to the United States !or the first time in 1936 to lecture at Harvard. join with me and my colleagues who have THINK OF HIM WHEN SKY Is BLUE, AIR SWEET A year later he was invited to join the cosponsored this resolution in addressing (By Al Martinez) faculty at Caltech, and was there until his the problem and requesting a reevalua­ "We will always have some bad days,'' he retiTement in 1971. tion and termination of current Cana­ said, coughing and trying to smile. "But His primary concern was biochemistry. "I dian policies regarding the harp seal. there are so many more good days now ..•" was interested in the problems of nature,'' March 22, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8641 he would tell a reporter. "Why does a plant All a. company president has to do to get Illness hasn't changed Haagen-Smit's , grow? Why does a fiy have red eyes?" something done is send out a little .memo ..." mind. He holds to the original contention It was an interest based in his youth. He The results of the "little memos"-and and adds, "A chemistry laboratory is never remembers running through the fields of some legislative muscle-were gratifying to a paradise of odors and chemicals. Some­ Holland, picking flowers and trying to deter­ Haagen-Smit, and he is quick to compli­ times I've had the skin peel off' my hands mine what they were. ment both industries for the actions they from chemicals, and I've had to say to my­ "My interest was tn me," he said, "and have taken to reduce air pollution. self 'I must be more careful.' " in the chemical processes that sustain it." He estimated tn 1953 that they were each Is he satisfied now that the battle for That interest was expanded tn 1949 to responsible for pumping 800 tons of pollu­ clean air will one day be won? include a1r pollution. The compelling force, tants into the air daily. The oil industry, he Arie Haagen-Smit leaned back in his con­ he says simply, was curiosity. points out now, is down to a.bout 150 tons a tour chair and thought about it. "No one could miss smog in those days," day and the auto industry down to 300 tons. "If the goal is zero smog," he finally said, Haagen-Smit said. "I felt it would not be "It just proves," he says, "that if you give "we'll never reach it. There wlll always be difficult to find out what it was. And so I people time there is no reason to be pessi­ some contamination. But our air on the aver­ began." mistic. The oil and auto industries learned age is 50% cleaner than tt was in 1970. We The result was what some have termed that ..." have made progress. "Haagen-smog"-that ts, air pollution in a Meanwhile, pressure was mounting for the . "From now on, progress will be slower," he test tube. He had isolated the recipe for unwteldly ARB to, be reorganized, and tt was. added, thumbing absently through scientific "goop in the a.tr." In 1972, the agency was reduced from a 14- journals on a table at his side. "The first The first announcement of his achieve­ member to a five-member board. gains are always easter. The battle will go ment was carried inconspicuously in the Haagen-Smit, whp had retired from Cal­ -on." press, and was greeted initially with only tech the previous year, wanted' to quit the His own battle now is a lonelter one, far passing interest. state job too but was prevailed upon to con­ from the noisy public arena, in a chair by To Haagen-Smit, pollution was an a!­ tinue-stlll as board chairman. a window on a sunlit day. He fights the war front to beauty, a stinking cloud that "Let's face it," one member would say against fatling health with the love of his rolled across the landscape every afternoon. later. "Hts prestige alone was holding the wife, four grown children and six grand­ But to most tt was a Jack Benny joke, a whole thing together." children. kind of Los Angeles symbol that no one ;Haagen-Smit reached his decision to stay Beyond that-beyond the solitary nature was taking too seriously back then. by facing a simple truth. "The public has of his struggle-he has become a towering The mild response to his discovery did not a right to clean air. Perhaps I can help." figure tn both scientific and political circles. trouble the slightly built Dutch scientist. He Despite high praise, an increasing number Charles Heinen, an executive with the had satisfied his curiosity. of scientific honors and the best of motives, Chrysler Corp. in Detroit, who has known "As far as I was concerned," he said in a. they were not halcyon days for the soft­ Haagen-Smit as adversary and friend for clipped accent, "it was then up to others to spoken Dutchman. 25 years, said: do the dirty work. I went back to the labora­ He was even accused of letting speakers "He was once my judge and jury, because tory." ramble on too long at public meetings. I am an automobile company man. But never He was not to remain tn peace much long­ To such criticism, after one man had talked for 45 minutes, Haagen-Smit replied, did I doubt his competence, integrity or hu­ er, however. The industries he had named as manity. Never did I question his dignity. major polluters were beginning to react. "He's a human being. He would feel badly if "They said my work was not scientific," no one listened." ' "All that I am trying to say ts that Haagy Haagen-Smtt said, never too concerned about That attitude continues today. "If they are is a special person. . ." their efforts to discredit him. "But major public meetings," he asks simply, "should One whose concern in a private way ts studies which cost much more than mine not the public be allowed to speak?" what his concern has always been in a public were undertaken and they all reached the He thinks about that for a moment and way. Life. same conclusion." then adds: "My work was not so perfect, but Then he added, not so much immodestly as I did the best I could." (From the Washington Post, March 20, 1977] factually: "You can't beat the truth." At the time, Ha.a.gen-Smith conceded that ARIE J. HAAGEN·SMIT, 76, DIES; SMOG ScIEN- As the impact of his discovery grew, Ha­ perhaps it was time for someone else to take TIST, POLLUTION FOE s.gen-Smit ("A scientific Don Quixote," an his place on the board-"someone with the PASADENA, CALIF.-Dr. Arte J. Haagen-Smit, industrialist once sneered) edged into center ab11ity to knock heads together tn an ac­ who discovered how smog is formed and stage. ceptable manner." then tried to force the on and auto industries From a Chamber of Commerce scientific Some agreed, some didn't. One board mem­ to clean up urban air, died Thursday of can­ committee he stepped up to the state level, ber liked the persuasive style of the "foxy cer at his home. He was 76. joining the new Motor Vehicles Pollution grandpa." A national magazine said of him, His laboratory creation of smog in 1950 at Control Board--a stepchild of his discovery. "He undoubtedly knows more about airborne California Institute of Technology marked a It was an uneasy venture into public life. pollutants than anyone else in the world." breakthrough tn the understanding of how "I felt I was competent tn chemistry," Ha­ Once more, however, Has.gen-Smit made sunlight acts on pollutants to form the agen-Smtt said, sipping water to control his his own decision, and that decision in 1973 brown haze that often blankets urban areas. cough, "but not tn government. However, the was that he'd had enough. He retired from The biochemist had been 111 for several job had to be done. I never walk away from the ARB. years with cancer of the colon, which ap­ anything." "I'm just an old sailor," he said, "who is parently spread to his lungs, said Graham That was to be his pervasive philosophy fading away." Berry, spokesman for Caltech. over the next several years, but he was never He didn't fade far. He was honored at an Dr. Haagen-Smit retired from Caltech in at ease in the uncertain environment of pub­ international symposium tn Geneva, given 1971, after having taught and conducted re­ lio formalities. the prestigious Smithsonian Medal, awarded search there for more than 20 yea.rs. "I guess I'm just not a government man," the $50,000 Alice Tyer Ecology Prize and the After discovering how smog is created, he he told an interviewer in the heat of one Rhineland Award for Western Europe-all in turned his efforts toward getting the auto battle. "You can't let your hair down in gov­ recognition of his work on behalf of clean and petroleum industries to build cleaner ernment, and they can't just look at me and air. cars and refineries. Hts efforts were met with say, 'You're getting old, Haggy .. .'" More recently, a building at an ARB facil­ attempts to discredit his work. In 1968, the Motor Vehicles Pollution Con­ ity. in El Monte was named after Haagen­ "I felt I was competent in chemistry but trol Board became the 14-member Air Re­ Smtt, to which he puckishly observes, "Every­ not tn government," he once said. "However, sources Board and Haagen-Smit was its one ought to have a pyramid." . the job had to be done. I never walk away chairman. He has no regrets about his time of·public from anything." The battle heated. Industry criticized him service. "They were exciting years," he says He joined the Motor Vehicles Pollution on one hand for being too tough, and the softly, "although they may have lasted a Control Boa.rd which became, in 1968, the environmentalists were on him for being too little too long." state ~ Resources Board, and served as weak. Nor does he regret the intensive lab work chairman until 1973. But the shouters, he said with a small that went on for years after his discovery, He was chairman of a committee which shrug, never influenced him one way or the often with himself as the guinea pig in a sets air quality standards for the nation, the other. smog chamber built to study the effects of National Afr Quality Criteria Advisory Com­ "They got awfully excited, but I just air pollution on plant life. mittee for the Environmental Protection stayed quite. It's better not to talk back. Has.gen-Smit is adamantly opposed to the Agency. He was also a member of the Com­ You always lose." notion that the tests had anything to do mittee on Motor Vehicle Emission for the What Haagen-Smit was doing instead was with his critical lung ailment. National Academy of Sciences, and he was approaching the top men in the petroleum He said then, "Smog ts an aesthetic and on former President Nixon's Task Force on and automobile industries to get something economic nuisance that should be fought as Air Pollution in 1970. done. such. Don't believe the stories that death in A native of Utrecht, The Netherlands, Dr. "I have found," he said, "that it does no the form of smog stalks the streets of Lqs Haagen-Smit graduated from the University good to go to anyone unless he is in charge. Angeles." of Utrecht and received a Ph. D. in 1929. In 8642 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 2'.2 , 1977

1936 he lectured at Harvard, then in 1937 costs of compliance, in our opinion, will far encourage the scrapping by consumers of joined the faculty at Caltech, where he exceed the public benefits. older, high-polluting autos. taught until his retirement. Our views on this important national Automakers should be given sufficient He is survived by his wife, Maria; four chil~ transportation policy issue are based on the freedom to develop a wide variety of possible dren, and a sister. following policy position, which was adopted technological solutions to the auto emission a short time ago by the 115-member T AA problem, rather than be forced by tight t ime Board of Directors, a current roster of which constraints to use the most expedient is attached: method. TRANSPORTATION ASSOCIATION "TAA supports the concept that a positive Because of the major impact of t he auto benefit/ economic cost analysis should be de­ industry on the nation's economy (au to and OF AMERICA URGES ACTION ON termined. by legislative bodies and regulatory related expenses represent approxim ately 10 AUTO EMISSION LEGISLATION agencies prior to the enactment of laws or percent of the nation's GNP), care should the promulgation of regulations pertaining be exercised before imposing changes that but not limited to the movement of persons can cause very serious disruptions. HON. JOHN D. DINGELL or things." Since there is an immediate n eed for legis­ OF MICHIGAN When Congress approved the present auto lation to revise the existing statutory auto IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES emission standards in 1970, it set goals that emission standards, TAA urges separate con­ it believed to be probably unattainable by sideration of the auto provisions in the Clean Tuesday, March 22, 1977 1975. It provided for safe~ valve extensions Air Act Amendments. Specifica lly, TAA favors which have proved necessary. While recog­ the prompt passage of the legislation em­ Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, the nition certainly was given to other statutory bodied in H.R. 4444, t he proposed Mobile Transportation Association of America.­ obligations ~hen placed on auto makers, s ub­ Source Emission Control Amendments of in correspondence March 18 to Members sequent technological demands imposed on 1977. of the House Interstate and Foreign them by both stat utory and administrative We request that this letter be made a part Commerce Committee, has announced regulations have made compliance wit h the of the record of hearings by your Subcom­ its support of legislation Congressman emission standards far too difficult. m ittee on bills relating to Clean Air Act JAMES BROYHILL of North Carolina and To illustrate this point, Congress passed Amendments. I are cosponsoring in the House along legislation in 1972 that set new auto bumper Respectfully, safety standards, which were met but at the PAUL J. TIERNEY. with several other Members, H.R. 4444, sacrifice of fuel economy because of t he the Mobile Source Emission Control added weight. In 1975, Congress adopted BOARD OF DmECTORS Amendments of 1977. The companion bill progressively higher standards for i:. ut~ fuel Hen ry A. Correa, Chairman, President, ACF in the Senate is S. 919, cosponsored by economy in terms of average miles per gal­ Industries, Incorporated, New York, New Senators DON RIEGLE and ROBERT GRIF­ lon-a goal that to date is being met bu".; 1s York. in conflict with the auto emission statutes Paul J . Tierney, President, Transport ation FIN of Michigan. because the latter also means greater fuel Association of America, Washington, D.C. The Transportation Association of consumption. Stephen Ailes, President, Association of America released to the Commerce Com­ Despite the effect of these offsetting fac­ American Railroads, Washington, D.C . mittee members the text of the letter, tors on the work of auto makers' technol­ Harold L. Albrecht, Vice President, Reyn­ from its president, Paul J. Tierney, to ogists, they have made commen dable prog­ olds Metals Company, Richmond, Virginia. Chairman PAUL ROGERS of Florida, ress to date in all three of the areas men­ A. G. Anderson, Transportation Association Health and Environment Subcommittee. tioned above. This includes, as of last year, of America, New York, New York. TAA urges immediate action on the a reduction in hydrocarbon and carbon Grant Arnold, General Traffic Manager, m onoxide emissions of 83 percent and nitro­ Ethyl Corporation, Baton Rouge, Louisiana.. Dingell-Broyhill bill, H.R. 4444, and gen oxides of 40 percent from pre-1968 un­ Dr. George P. Baker, Member, Board of Di­ Reigle-Griffin, S. 919. This is legislation controlled levels. As older, higher-polluting rectors, Temple, Barker & Sloane, Inc., Welles­ which also has the support of labor and autos are junked and replaced by the new, ley Hills, Massachusetts. the automotive industries, including less-polluting autos, the latter help to clean Fran k E. Barnett, Chairman Board of Di­ manufacturers, automotive suppliers and up the air. When new car sales do not provide rectors, Chief Executive Officer, Union Pacific service industries. replacements for older cars, the rate of Railroad Company, New York, New York. The support of the TAA, its board of cleaning up the air suffers. W. J. Barta, Chairman, The Valley Line We do not mean to infer that we oppose Company, St. Louis, Missouri. directors, and its organization of trans­ a further tightening of auto emission stand­ Henry Bartholomay III, Senior Vice Presi­ portation users, investors and carriers is ards. TAA gave its support to the House dent, Alexander & Alexander, Inc., Chicago, welcome and signifies the importance at­ version of S. 3219 that was passed in 1976 as Illinois. tached to the need for balance among a compromise measure. We similarly support Theodore W. Brooks, Senior Vice President, environrr:ental control and energy con­ bills currently being sp•onsored by Repre­ The Chase Manhattan Bank, New York, New servation objectives and consumer costs. sentatives DINGELL and BROYHILL (H.R. 4444) York . A cross section of businesses in the and Senators RIEGL~ and GRIFFIN (S. 919). Curtis D. Buford, President, Trailer Train American economy are represented by In addition to the above, our reasons for Company, Chicago, Illinois. supporting a temporary extension of 1977- Vincent C. Burke, Jr., Chairman of the TAA, including air, water, and ground model emission standards and phased-in Board and Chief Executive Officer, The Riggs carriers; banks, investment houses, and changes through 1982 are, in brief, as National Bank of Washington, D.C., . Wash­ life insurance companies; auto supply follows: ington, D.C. fabricating and service industries; en­ Several independent and imparti~l studies William E. Callahan, Executive Vice Presi­ ergy producing industries; major retail by recognized authorities have concluded dent, International Harvester Company, Chi­ merchandising companies; and other re­ that auto emission standards have reached cago, Illin9is. lated industries. the point where further tightening will create Walter F. Carey, Chairman of the Board, The text of the Transportation Asso­ cost.s far in excess of benefits. T.I.M.E.-DC & Janesville Auto Transport A joint EPA-FEA-DOT analysis of the need Company, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan . ciation of America letter and its board for sharply reduced emission standards con­ Edward E. Carlson, Chairman and Chief of directors follows: cludes it would result in a waste of energy, Executive Officer, UAL, Inc., Chicago, Illlnois. TRANPORTATION ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA, provide negligible air quality benefits, in­ H. T. Chilton, President and Chief Execu­ Washington, D.C., March 14. 1977. crease co:csumer costs, and discourage tech­ tive Officer, Colonial Pipeline Company,· At­ Hon. PAUL G. ROGERS, nological innovation. (This study was re­ lanta, Georgia. Chairman, House Subcommittee on Health cently updated and confirms its e·arlier Thomas T. Church, Vice President, Trans­ and the Environment, Washington, D ."Y. conclusions.) portation, Bethlehem Steel Corporation, DEAR CHAmMAN ROGERS: The Transporta­ This EPA-FEA-DOT analysis also concludes Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. tion Association of America, a national policy that adoption of a nhased-in program. such Lee Cisneros, Director of Physical Distribu­ organization made up of transportation users, as proposed in H.R. 4444. will save consumers tion, The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company, investors, and carriers of all modes, is very blllions of dollars and billions of gallons of Akron, Ohio. much concerned about the adverse impact on fuel over the next five years. William H. Clausen, President, Acme Fast the nation's economy if auto emission stand­ Continuously changing auto pollution Freight, Inc., Lake Success, New York. ards called for under existing law are not standards, according to the American Auto­ Joseph A. Cooper, Senior Vice President­ revised promptly enough to preclude disrup­ mobile Association and the EPA, have made Marketing, Delta Air Lines, Inc., Atlanta, tion of 1978 production. The very sharp re­ it extremely difficult forr auto mechanics to Georgia. ductions called for by the Conference Bill maintain vehicles and to learn required new Charles E. Coyl, Vice President, Transpor­ of last year appear to us as being much too techniques. tation Division, GATX Corporation, Chicago, large from the standpoint of the public need, The adoption of pha!>ed-in standards will Illinois. as well as the capabilities of the auto manu­ helo hold down the purchase and main­ John A. Creedy, President, Water Trans­ facturing industry. The overall economic tenance costs of r..ew automobiles, and it will port Association, New York, New York. March 22; 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8643 Robert H. Cutler, Chairman of the Board, John M. Kinnaird, Vice President--Govern­ ecutive Officer, Wilbur Smith and Associates, Illinois-California Express, El Paso, Texas. ment Relations, American Trucking Associa­ Columbia, South Carolina. Thomas E. Darnton, Vice President-Pro­ tions, Inc., Washington, D.C. Lee H. Sollenbarger, Chairman of the curement and Production Control, General A. Carl Kotchian, Los Angeles, California. Board, Transcon Lines, Los Angeles, Calif. Motors Corporation, Detroit, Michigan. Jack R. Kruizenga, President, Union Tank William I. Spencer, President, Citibank, John E. Drick, Chairman of the Executive Car Company, Chicago, Illinois. New York, New York. Committee, The First National Bank of Chi­ Richard A. Lempert, Vice President and Edwin F. Stadelman, General Traffic Man­ cago, Chicago, Illinois. General Counsel, American Airlines, Inc., ager, J.C. Penney Company, Inc., New York, N. C. Nunn, Traffic Manager, Supply De­ New York, New York. New York. partment, Exxon Company, U.S.A., Houston, Edwin A. Locke, Jr., President, American W. Stanhaus, Chairman and .Chief Execu­ Texas. Paper Institute, New York, New York. tive Officer, Spector Industries, Inc., Ben­ J. Donald Durand, General Counsel, Asso­ Clark MacGregor, Vice President, United senville, Illinois. ciation of Oil Pipe Lines, WashinrJton, D.C. Technologies Corporation, Washington, D.C. Robert L. Stone, Chairman and President, Wllliam M. Fairhurst, Senior Vice Presi­ James C. Malone, Vice President, UnioI} The Hertz Corporation, New York, New York. dent--Administration and Planning, Dana Carbide Corporation, New York, New York. Stoney M. Stubbs, Chairman of the Board, Corporation, Toledo, Ohio. Donald L. McMorris, President, Yellow Frozen Food Express: Inc., Dallas, Texas. Peter Fanchi, Jr., President, Federal Barge Freight System, Inc., Shawnee Mission, L. D. Thomas, Vice President-Operations Lines, Inc., St. Louis, Missouri Kansas. Planning & Transportation, Amoco Oil Com­ John P. Fishwick, President and Chief Ex­ James J. McNulty, Chairman of the Board, pany, Chicago, Illlnois. ecutive Officer, Norfolk & Western Railway Emery Air F:r;eight Corporation, Wilton, Con­ Robert E. Thomas, Chairman of the Board, Company, Roanoke, Virginia. necticut. MAPCO Inc., Tulsa, Oklahoma. Carl J. Fleps, Vice President--Government F. A. Mechling, President, Union Mechling George F. Tidmarsh, Vice President, Physi­ Relations, The Greyhound Corporation, Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. cal Distribution Department, Sears, Roebuck Washington, D.C. Louis W. Menk, Chairman of the Board, and Company, Chicago, Illlnois. Sam H. Flint, Vice President--Corporate Burlington Northern Inc., St. Paul, Minne­ Stuart G. Tipton, Consultant, Pan Ameri­ Operations, The Quaker Oats Company, Chi­ sota. can World Airways, Inc., Washington, D.C. cago, Illinois. Frank L. Merwin, Vice.President, ASARCO John L. Tormey, Chairman, Roadway Ex­ Charles W. L. Foreman, Vice President, Incorporated, New York, New York. press, Inc., Akron, Ohio. United Parcel Service, Greenwich, Con­ Thomas A. Micali, President, Pullman Kenneth L. Vore, Vice President--Traffic necticut. Trailmobile, Chicago, Illinois. and Transportation, United States Steel Cor­ Welby M. Frantz, Terre Haute, Indiana. G. Russell Moir, Chairman of the Board poration, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Gayton E. Germane, Professor of Logistics, and President, Transway International Cor­ Charles J. Walsh, Jr., Vice President-­ Graduate School of Business, Stanford Uni­ poration, New York, New York. Service Company, Tulsa, Oklahoma. versity, Stanford, Califvrnia. Giles Morrow, General Counsel, Freight Michael J. Walsh, Jr., Vice President­ David E. Gile, Senior Vice President, Marine Forwarders Institute, New York, New York. Transportation and Distribution, St. Regis Midland Bank, New York, New York. James F. Morse, Seattle, Washington. Paper Company, New York, New York. G. Zan Golden, Senior Vice President, North Edwin F. Mundy, Vice President, Traffic Hays T. Watkins, Chairman of the Board American Van Lines, Inc., Fort Wayne, In­ & Headquarters Facilities, Nabisco, Inc., East and President, The Chessie System, Cleve­ diana. Hanover, New Jersey. land, Ohio. Allan Grant, President, American Farm John A. Murphy, Chief Executive Officer, Charles A. Webb, President, National As­ Bureau Federation, Park Ridge, Illinois. Gateway Transportation CO., Inc., La Crosse, sociation of Motor Bus Owners, Washington, R. C. Grayson, Chairman of the Board and Wisconsin. D.C. President, St. LouiG-San Francisco Railway W. L. Nahrgang, President and Chief Ex­ William G. White, Chairman of the Board, Company, St. Louis, Missouri. ecutive Officer, Johnson Motor Lines, Inc., Consolidated Freightways, Inc., San Fran­ Donald G. Griffin, Vice President--Traffic Charlotte, North Carolina. cisco, California. and Transportation, PPG Industries, Inc., Frank A. Nemec, President, Lykes Corpora­ Bennett C. Whitlock, Jr., President, Ameri­ Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. tion, New Orleans, Louisiana. can Trucking Associations, Inc., Washington, Frank L. Grimm, Chairman of the Board D. H. Overmyer, Chairman of the ·Board, D.C. and Chief Executive Officer, O'Boyle Tank D. H. Overmyer Company, Inc., New York, George K. Whitney, Consultant, Massachu­ Lines, Rockville, Maryland. New York. setts Financial Services, Inc., Boston, Massa­ Harold F. Hammond, Senior Advisor, Adrian B. Palmer, Chairman, Rollins Bur­ chu.setts. Transportation Association of America, dick Hunter Company, Chicago, Illinois. William C. Whittemore, Senior Vice Pres­ Washington, D.C. Michael Papadopoulos, General Manager, ident and Treasurer, John Hancock Mutual E. P. Hardin, President, Mobil Pipe Line Transportation and Distribution, Shell Oil Life Insurance Company, Boston, Massachu­ Company, Dallas, Texas. Company, Houston, Texas. setts. John E. Harris, Jr., Vice President, Petro­ V. L. Petersen, Vice President. The Good­ Frederick C. Witsell, Jr., Vice President, leum Supply Division, Ph1llips Petroleum year Tire & Rubber Company, Akron, Ohio. Morgan Guaranty Trust Company, New York, Company, Bartlesvllle, Oklahoma. John E. Phelan, General Traffic Manager, New York. Richard Haupt, Director, Transportation Anheuser-Busch, Inc, St. Louis, Missouri. and Traffic Office, Supply Staff, Ford Motor Robert W. Prescott, President, The Flying Company, Dearborn, Michigan. Tiger Line, Inc., Los Angeles, California. NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF Frank L. Heard, Jr., G~neral Counsel, Exxon William J. Quinn, Chairman of the Board, Pipeline Company, Houston, Texas. Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Rail­ MATURE PEOPLE Robert M. Hendrickson, Executive Vice road Company, Chicago, Illinois. President and Chief Investment Officer, The C. B. Ramsdell, Vice President--Group Ex­ Equitable Life Assurance Society of the ecutive, Transportation Systems Group, HON. MICKEY EDWARDS United States, New York, New York. Westinghouse Air Brake Company, Pitts­ OF OKLAHOMA J. W. Hershey, Chairman of the Board, burgh, Pennsylvania. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES American Commercial Lines, Inc., Rous.ton, John S. Reed, Chairman and Chief Execu­ Texas. tive Officer, The Atchison, Topeka & . Santa Tuesday, March 22, 1977 Richard D. Hm, Chairman of the Board, Fe Railway Company, Chicago, Illinois. The First National Bank of Boston, Boston, Mr. EDWARDS of Oklahoma. Mr. Massachusetts. James E. Reinke, Vice President-Govern­ Speaker, I would like to take this oppor­ ment Affairs, Eastern Air Lines, Inc., Wash­ Eugene Holland, Jr., Executive Vice Presi­ ington, D.C. tunity to call attention to a very worth­ dent, Continental Illinois National Bank & while organization headquartered in Trust Company of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. James J. Reynolds, President, American Institute of Merchant Shipping, Washing­ Oklahoma City. I am speaking of the J. Robert Hoon, General Manager of Trans­ National ..t"_ssociation of Mature People, portation, Aluminum Company of America, ton, D.C. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. W. Tbomas Rice, Chairman of the Board, a nonprofit, nonpolitical organization Seaboard Coast Line · Railroad Company, serving senior citizens of the United Paul R. Ignatius, President, Air Transport States. Association of America, Washington, D.C. Jacksonville, Florida George P. Jenkins, Chairman of the Board Ronald G. Ross, Senior Vice President, In less than a year and a half N AMP and Chairman of the Ftnance Committee, Bank of America, Los Angeles, California. has expanded into a nationwide associa­ Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, New Henry E. Seyfarth, Seyfarth, Shaw, Fair­ tion, with a membership of more than York, New York. weather & Geraldson, Chicago, Il11nois. 100,000 people belonging to chapters in W111iam B. Johnson, Chairman and Chief W. K. Smith, Vice President, General Mills, 43 States. Its single goal is to help older Executive Officer, IC Industries, Chicago, Illi­ Inc., Minneapolis, Minnesota. Americans attain _maximum fulfillment nois. Wilbur S. Smith, Chairman and Chief Ex- during what is too often a difficult period 8644 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 2'2, 1977 of life; difficult because our society tends charges of political bribery involving milk have no jurisdiction nor objection. However, funds during Watergate days. Connally took only final action by the FEC can determine to exclude senior citizens from full the matter to Court and proved his inno­ what the results of the request will be. participation: cence, but only at considerable cost to him­ In the meantime, the same request made NAMP regards older Americans with self. Connally, of course had the means to to the FEC must be reviewed in terms of the highest esteem. The name of its mag­ stand the expense without undue hardship, regulations of agencies and commissions such azine, Best Years, reflects the attitude but Gurney is now using volunteers out of as IRS, the Postal Service and the House with which NAMP members approach his home mailing appeal letters to people Select Committee on Ethics. Appropriate this time of life. Through their network throughout the nation in an effort to salvage efforts are underway in this regard. All of his personal situation. Personal liabilities is this should emphasize the point that every­ of chapters, older people are enjoying the name, but politics was the game-and it thing possible is being done to find the legal good fellowship and the encouragement can be deadly. and ethical way to solve unusual problems to overcome barriers and reach toward The next day after John Connally's ac­ and this is not an exercise in finding loop­ their full potential as individuals and as quittal, Idaho Congressman George Hansen holes for exploitation. In fact, the business­ a voice in matters that affect them. e'ntered the same U.S. District Court room man, farmer, and average citizen, who also The many services , that NAMP pro­ in Washington, D.C. and faced the same struggle under the rigidity, complexity and vides its members include financial coun­ judge. Hansen's charges were minor by com­ heavy requirements of the laws we live under, seling and guidance, continuing educa­ parison, two unintentional technical book­ can no doubt see that public officeholders are keeping errors--misdemeanors, not felony now locked in pretty tight also. tion programs, group travel, low-cost in­ charges as with Connally and Gurney. Let us strive to assure justice and high surance and pharmaceuticals, and job The Congressman pleaded guilty to filing a moral standards in conducting the public's placement programs. late campaign report (all other non-incum­ business, but let us also strive equally hard We are indebted to NAMP as we are to bents in Idaho's Congressional races were to maintain individual freedom and flexi­ many such organizations that are help· also late because forms were distributed late) b111ty and prevent injustice. People should ing provide the leadership for improving and listing $2,150 of contributions on the be encouraged to be a part of the system, not the quality of American life. wrong form. These were the only charges driven from it or have it used on them resulting from partisan political complaints unfairly. This is our challenge as legislators and an exhaustive · FBI investigation into of the law. personal, business and campaign accounts. The over-reaction of the court in the Han­ FACTS WILL END CONFUSION sen case in the wake of the Connally ac­ HUMAN RIGHTS IN VIETNAM: U.S. quittal is a matter of record. Congressman Philip Crane of Illinois placed the final con­ APOLOGISTS FOR STATE TER· "· HON. GEORGE HANSEN clusion in the Congressional Record of Sep­ RORISM OF IDAHO tember 5, 1975. Crane's summary states, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "three things come through loud and clear from the court's final deliberations ... HON. LARRY McDONALD Tuesday, March 22, 1977 Simply smted, the court admitted its own OF GEORGIA 'improper technique,' expressed amazement Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, fact and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fancy often become so hopelessly en­ that the case was even considered, and ac­ knowledged 'that a correct reporting of re­ Tuesday, March 22, 1977 twined as to do grave damage to the ceipts and expenditures was made.' The in­ truth. The circumstances surrounding tegrity of George Hansen is intact." Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, the the recent congressional pay increase, However, as in the Gurney and Connally Communist regime in Vietnam has been stricter Federal campaign laws, and the situations, the integrity may be intact but decidedly noncooperative in supplying new House Code of Ethics have been se­ the pocketbook takes a real beating in meet­ information on the fate of over 2,000 riously misinterpreted by some elements ing legal and professional expenses, experi-. American servicemen missing in action. of the press resulting in a climate of encing loss of income and other costs of a The Vietnamese have, in violation of in­ totally disrupted life. ternational standards of human decency, confusion which does a disservice to the The cases cited above are intended to dem­ public. onstrate that any consideration of campaign tied providing information on MIA's to The following statement is a careful reform and provisions to assure honesty in U.S. diplomatic recognition and provi­ and objective analysis of the situation public office to protect the public should also sion of extensive economic aid which will as a result of direct experience which I include provisions to protect government offi­ be used to consolidate the power of the deem important to share with my col­ cials and candidates for public office fr.om Communists. Nor does the return of 12 leagues: partisan zealots who would turn a person's dead begin to deal with questions of the honest efforts for a term in office into the continued captivity of living servicemen FINDING THE LEGAL AND ETHICAL WAY nightmare of a term in prison or at least One of the major issues before Congress bankruptcy. in labor camps or with the retention in during the past few years and one which we In an effort to find what legal and ethical Vietnam of brainwashed POW's. are still wrestling with is the matter of rights a person in elective public office has The U.S. supporters of the Vietcong, funding campaigns for candidates for fed­ to gain reimbursement for unusual expenses Khmer Rouge and Pathet Lao opened a. eral office and how to assure that government far beyond the ab111ty of any salary to campaign in support of U.S. diplomatic officials are as free as possible from· com- reasonably absorb, your Congressman re­ recognition and provision of technical promise and corruption. · cently made official inquiry with the Federal aid to the new Communist regimes in Charges fly daily regarding alleged viola­ Election Commission. It is a question that Southeast Asia virtually as the last tions of legal · or moral standards in all takes some degree of courage because of the American helicopter left Saigon. From branches of government and at all levels. fact that most persons in politics would Some of these charges are a matter for deep rather casually maneuver campaign accounts the old Communist Party, U.S.A., domi­ concern and cry out for immediate corrective to avoid unfavorable publicity and would nated anti-Vietnam coalition called the action; others are phony accusations which rather steer clear of providing opportunities People's Coalition for Peace and Jus­ cost the accusor little and heap great in­ for speculative elements of the press to over­ tice-PCPJ, several overlapping coali­ justice on the accused. react. Nevertheless, in a day of more public tions were formed to target special issues One of the gravest injuries of this nature awareness of political activity and govern­ such as amnesty for deserters and draft was inflicted upon Ed Gurney, a former ment actions, it is increasingly important dodgers-Nrutional Council for Universal Repub1ican U.S. Senator from Florida. Gur­ that provisions of the law be checked care­ ney, a prominent member of Senator Sam fully and forthrightly to prevent unfortunate and Unconditional Amnesty, Recognition Ervin's select committee investigating Water­ consequences from arising later on. of and Aid to Communist Vietnam­ gate, underwent a most vicious harassment The FEC made the request a matter of Friendship, and Promotion of U.S. by partisans and overzealous federal prosecu­ public record and published it in the Federal Disarmament, Abandonment of Overseas tors alleging bribery and political kickbacks. Register inviting commentary. Action on the Bases and Defense Commitments, and a He found it necessary to forgo re-election proposal is scheduled for March 24. Two Policy of Nonintervention Against. So­ and spent years defending himself in two protests have been filed, both from Idaho-­ viet-bloc Aggression-Coalition for a major trials which finally found him inno­ one by Angela Neitzel, an active Idaho Demo­ New Foreign and -Military Policy. cent of any wrongdoing, but only after he crat who recently managed the campaign for was forced into a reported debt of some Congress of Stan Kress, and a second by The so-called antiwar movement or­ $500,000. Patricia Dorman of the Ada County Democrat ganizers were a mixed group of dedicated Former Governor John Connally of Texas Central Committee. A proposed position old and new left Marxist-Leninists un­ who has held high federal appointments un­ paper for the Commission states that the der the direction of Havana, Hanoi, and der Presidents of both political parties was request does not deal with nor conflict with Moscow; and various Socialist pacifists seriously maligned in the public's eye by Federal Election Laws and hence they would who excused the Communists' use of ter- March 22, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8645 ror and military violence against the Among those who have taken public ment of the Republic of South Viet­ civilians of Southeast Asia on the positions of support in favor of the Hanoi nam-the so-called Vietcong--stands on grounds that getting rid of the free en­ regime and who deny the validity of the verge of victory," Porter wrote: terprise system and establishing a Social­ charges of gross human rights violations The party leaders have long accepted that ist society of enforced "equality" was a are Daniel Schecter, the vitriolic propa­ the intellectual elite in the south. was for "greater good." This group argued that gandist news director of WBCN radio in the most part anti-Communist. violence and repression would end with Boston who said he would like to see Thus the party and the PRG must be con­ Forest imprisoned in a "reeducation cerned with how to minimize political op­ a Communist victory and thus worked position to a postwar, Communist-dominated for U.S. abandonment of its South Viet­ camp of his choice"; John McAuliff, for­ government in the south. namese allies. mer head of the radicalized ex-Peace Anti-Communists who pointed to the Corps group, the Committee of Returned Porter finds no reason to comment ad­ continuing brutality and repression in Volunteers, who now runs the Indochina versely on the method of minimizing every Communist society knew better: Program of the American Friends Serv­ "political opposition to a :postwar, Com­ so did the Communists who know that ice Committee---AFSC; Rev. Richard munist-dominated government in the terrorism cannot be rejected by Marxist­ Fernandez, former head of Clergy and south" chosen by the North Vietnamese Leninists as a matter of principle. As Laity Concerned-CALC, now on the conquerors-namely forced deportations Trotsky said in 1922 when as Lenin's staff of the Institute for World Order; and imprisonment in slave labor work right arm he headed the Red army: Princeton's international law professor camps and "reeducation camps" of 300,- A victorious war, generally speaking, de­ and Institute for World Order official 000 Vietnamese. stroys only an insignificant part of the con­ Richard A. Falk who argues that all So­ Although Porter's Washington, D.C., quered army, intimidating the remainder cialist-the Vietnamese call themselves Indochina Resource Center has folded and breaking their will. The revolution works Communist-governments must mobilize recently, its work continues from the in the same way: it kills individuals, and every person to build the new society Indochina Resource Center-West, P.O. intimidates thousands. In this sense, the and must "deal with those who are drag­ Box 4000-D, Berkeley, Calif. 94704; and Red terror is not distinguishable from the ging their feet" as Nat Hentoff reported; the Friends of Indochina organization armed insurrection, the direct continuation and Gary Porter, one of Hanoi's most are taking up the IRC banner. of which it represents. The State terror of a revolutionary class can be condemned dedicated propagandists. On January 30, 1977, an advertisement "morally" only by a man who, as a principle, Douglas Gareth Porter began his ca­ signed by 19 people was published in the rejects (in words) every form of violence reer as one of the first student interns New York Times. After characterizing whatsoever-consequently every war and at the then new Institute for Policy the Communist victory over South Viet­ every rising.· Studies-JPS-in 1964. JPS then claimed nam after three decades of Soviet-back­ But currently a split within these to be a "research headquarters, a neutral ed subversion, terror and armed aggres­ meeting place for scholars and Govern­ sion as "peace * * * without any blood­ groups has developed on the issue of ment officials;" but its function is to shed," the ad called for implementation whether or not to criticize the Vietnam­ serve as a catalyst for the subversion and of a 7-point program similar to that ese regime for its imprisonment of be­ penetration of the executive and legis­ promoted by Friendshipment and the tween 200,000 and 300,000 people on po­ lative branches of Government by its National Council for Universal and Un­ litical grounds, including many religious staff which includes a broad range of conditional Amnesty: and intellectual leaders who had sup­ new leftisits and leaders and members of 1. The President should open direct nego­ ported the Vietcong and opposed the Marxist-Leninist and revolutionary ter­ tiations between Washington and Hanoi on South Vietnamese Government but who rorist organizations. all outstanding issues; are not members of the Communist Gareth Porter was active In the -U.S. 2. The President should support the ad­ Party. mission of Vietnam to the United Nations; anti-Vietnam mo~ment by 1968 when he The split developed after French So­ signed an antiwar ad published in the 3. The President should lift the embargo cialist journalist Jean Lacouture, after a on American trade and trav~l to Vietnam; New York Times. In 1971, traveling on a 4. The President should extend diplomatic visit to "unified" Vietnam in May 1976, research grant from the Cornell Uni­ recognition to the government of Vietnam wrote articles mentioning the hordes of versity Southeast Asia Ph. D. program, and enter into full diplomatic relations at political prisoners. Certain members of Porter went to Saigon where his "re­ the Ambassadorial level; the U.S. antiwar movement leadership search" work was exclusively writing pro­ 5. The Congress can provide substantial who had worked with total dedication Hanoi propaganda articles for Dispatch economic aid for the reconstruction of Viet­ for a Vietnamese Communist victory News Service and the Swedish Nagens nam as promised by agreement and in the wrote a letter to the Vietnamese United spirit of our generous policy after other Nyheter newspaper. Porter's journalis­ wars; Nations observer delegation expressing tic efforts .included the "Myth of the 6. The Presidential pardon must be ex­ their concern. They received no response, Bloodbath" and "The Myth of the Hue tended to military deserters and to recipients although the Indochina Resource Center Massacre" in which he argued that the of less than honorable discharges during the headed by D. Gareth Porter denounced discovery of mass graves of bound vic­ Vietnam era; the charges of political repression and tims shot in the back of the head did not 7. The treatment and programs directed human rights violations as unfounded. prove conclusively that the Vietcong and at Vietnam era veterans must be reviewed Eventually a small group of virtually North Vietnamese had deliberately exe­ and improved. full time movement organizers headed cuted thousands of civilians in a mass The ad then claimed that the Viet­ by Jim Forest, editor of the Fellowship terror campaign during the Tet offensive. namese Communists' suppression of all of Reconciliation magazine, Fellowship, Porter returned to the United States freedom was a "pretext" for the United circulated a petition asking Hanoi to in December 1971. With his Saigon as­ States not to give them massive economic permit United Nations or other inspec­ sociate Don Luce who had been expelled aid needed to consolidate their control. tion of the "reeducation camps" and to from South Vietnam 6 months earlier, With regard to the 300,000 political pris­ release various Socialist pacifist and and Fred Branfman, Porter set up the oners, the ad said, "True, some Saigon Buddhist leaders jailed by Hanoi. Some Indochina Resource Center, a pro-Hanoi collaborationists have been detained in 105 persons signed the pet'ition. These propaganda mill, and its Indochina mo­ reeducation centers, perhaps 40,000 a.it signers have been viciously attacked by bile education project, a traveling slide present." Then the ad stated that "such Marxist-Leninists who support the use of and picture show which argued that the a number is surprisingly small consider­ police state terrorism against the civilian violence of war would stop just as soon ing the several million Vietnamese in­ population to maintain the Communists as the United States left Southeast Asia volved in Saigon's war effort." In other in power. A number of original signers, and South Vietnam surrendered. Porter words, the ad's sponsors consider that including Daniel and Philip Berrigan, is also a member of the advisory board of every Vietnamese who opposed the Com­ have since retracted their signatures Counter-Spy, the principal outlet for CIA munist aggression, who worked in the from the human rights appeal under defector Philip Agee's Cuban-supported South Vietnamese civil service or served pressure and receipt of "new materials exposes. in the ARVN is liable for imprisonment from Vietnam which give us confidence In a bylined article which appeared in in the concentration camps as Saigon that the new government is deeply con­ the Chicago-Sun Times in April 1975 "as collaborationists. cerned about human rights." the Provisional Revolutionary Govern- The ad then stated that concern for 8646 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 22, 1977 human rights abuses "is especially ap­ council of the National Emergency Civil On February 9, 1977, Cora Weiss, an proporiate where our Government sup­ Liberties Committee (NECLC), and who honored guest in conquered Vietnam, ports a foreign regime that is engaged twice refused under oath, to answer, ques­ tions relating to his CPUSA membership on and Don Luce were among a number of in flagrant abuse of its own people • • •. Fifth Amendment grounds before the House speakers scheduled to promote aid and But Vietnam presents a very different Committee on Un-American Activities. recognition of the Communist regime in case. The present suffering of the Viet­ Don Luce, co-director, Clergy and· Laity Vietnam at a "legislative briefing" spon­ namese people is largely a consequence Concerned; formerly a propagandist for the sored by the three pro-Vietnamese Com­ of the war itself for which the United Vietnamese Communists with the Indochina munist coalitions, Friendshipment, the States bears a continuing responsibility." Resource Center and Indochina Mobile Edu­ Coalition for a New Foreign and Mili­ In plain words, the ad sponsors feel cation Project. In January 1970, Clergy and tary Policy-CNFMP-and the National Laity described its goals as "not simply an that the repression and brutality being end to the war in Vietnam, but a struggle Council for Universal and Unconditional inflicted upon the South Vietnamese is against American imperialism • • •." Amnesty-NCUUA. It is noted that at their just punishment for having re­ John McAuliff, coordinator of the Appeal the NCUUA International Conference sisted the Communist aggression and for Reconciliation, the Indochinese program held in Toronto, Canada, January 29-30, having asked for U.S. help. of the American Friends Service Committee 1977, and which was attended by a num­ The coordinator of this vicious justifi­ (AFSC) which has consistently justified ter­ ber of radical U.S. deserters and draft cation of Marxist-Leninist brutality was rorism and violence by Soviet-backed "na­ dodgers, the first resolution passed called listed as self-claimed "humanist" Corliss tionel liberation movements" on the grounds upon the new administration "to reject that the existence of non-Marxist socialists Lamont, identified as a Communist was a greater crime. the policies of hostility against the gov­ Party, U.S.A. member by four sworn Paul F. McCleary, Executive Director of ernments • • • of Vietnam, Laos, and witnesses-Louis Budenz, Maurice Mal­ the Church World Service of the National Kampuchea-Cambodia." The first reso­ kin, John Lautner and Ralph Clontz-­ Council of Churches. lution further stated: and who heads such CPUSA fronts as Grace Paley, author and self-proclaimed We call upon the people of the United the National Council of Soviet-American "anarchist." States to help build peace and friendship Friendship and the and procedures. ment accounting and auditing prac­ To hold hearings on S. 4.03, the proposed tices and procedures. National Product Liability Insurance MAY 12 3302 Dirksen Building Act. 10:00 a.m. APRIL 22 5110 Dirksen Building Governmental Affairs 10:00 a.m. MAY 3 Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting, and Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 10:00 a.m. Management. To continue hearings on proposed hous­ Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs To continue hearings to examine Gov­ ing and community development legis­ To hold oversight hearings on U.S. mon­ ernment accounting and auditing lation with a view to reporting its final etary policy. practices and procedures. recommendations thereon to the 5302 Dirksen Building 3302 Dirksen Building Budget Committee by May 15. Commerce, Science, and Transportation 18 5302 Dirksen Building Consumer Subcommittee MAY To hold hearings on proposed legisla­ 10:00 a.m. APRIL 26 tion amending the Federal Trade Com­ Appropriations 9:30 a.m. mission Act. Transportation Subcommittee Small Business 235 Russell Building To hold hearings on the problems of To continue hearings on propsed budg­ MAY 4 small business as they relate to prod­ et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for 10:00 a.m. DOT, to hear Secretary of Transpor­ uct liability. Appropriations 1202 Dirksen Building tation Adams. Transportation Subcommittee 1224 Dirksen Build:ing 10:00 a.m. To resume hearings on proposed budget 2:00 Apt>ropriations estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the p.m. Transportation Subcommittee Federal Highway Administration. Appropriations To continue heoarings on proposed budg­ 1224 Dirksen Building Transportation Subcommittee et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs To continue hearings on proposed budg­ Urban Mass Transportation Adminis­ To consider all proposed. legislation un­ et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for tration. der its jurisdiction with a view to re­ DOT, to hear Secretary Adams. 1224 Dirksen Building porting its final recommendations to 1224 Dirksen Building 2:00 p.m. . the Budget Committee by May 15. Appropriations 5302 Dirksen Building MAY 24 Transportation Subcommittee Commerce, Science, and Transportation 10:00 a.m. To continue hearings on proposed budg­ Consumer Subcommittee Government Affairs et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the To continue hearings on proposed legis­ Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting, National Highway Traffic Safety Ad­ lation amending the Federal Trade and Management. ministration. Commission Act. To resume hearings to examine Govern­ 1224 Dirksen Building 235 Russell Building ment accounting and auditing prac­ APRIL 27 MAY 5 tices and procedures. 10:00 10:00 a.m. a.m. 3302 Dirksen Building Appropriations Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Transportation Subcommittee To consider all proposed legislation un­ MAY 26 To continue hearings on proposed budg­ der its jurisdiction with a view to re­ 10:00 a.m. et estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the porting its final recommendations to Governmental Affairs Urban Mass Transportation Adminis­ the Budget Committee by May 15. ,Subcommittee on Reports, Accounting, tration. 5302 Dirksen Building and Management 1224 Dirksen Building MAY 6 To continue hearings to examine Gov­ Commerce, Science, and Technology 10:00 a.m. ernment accounting and auditing Consumer Subcommittee Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs To consider all proposed legislation un practices and procedures. To hold hearings on s. 403, the proposed 3302 Dirksen Building National Product Liability Insurance der its jurisdiction with a view to re­ Act. porting its final recommendations to CANCELLATION the Budget Committee on May 15. 5110 Dirksen Building 29 - 5302 Dirksen Building MARCH 10:00 a.m. APRIL 28 MAY 10 10:00 a.m. 10:00 a.m. Commerce, Science, and Transportation Appropriations Appropriations To hold hearings on the nominations of Transportation Subcommittee Transportation SubcommLttee Charles Linn Hasl,am, of North Caro­ To continue hearings on proposed budg­ To resume hearings on proposed budget lina. to be general counsel, Depart­ et estimates for fscal year 1978 for the estimates for fiscal year 1978 for the ment of Commerce; Elsa Allgood Por­ National Highway Traffic Safety Ad­ Feder·al Railroad Administration ter, of Virginia, and Frank Alan Well, ministration. (Northeast Corridor). of New York, each to be an AssLstant 1224 Dirksen Building 1224 Dirksen Building Secretary of Commerce.

.HOUSE: OF REPRESENTATIVES-Wednesday, March 23, 1977

The House met ,at 12 o'clock noon. lenging age, for work to do, and for day may we at eventide be at peace with The Chaplain, Rev. Edward G. Lafoh, strength to do it. ourselves, with our fellow creatures, and D.D., offered the following prayer: Amid the experiences and the events with Thee. Amen. This is the day which the Lord hath of these hours help us to keep our record made; we will rejoice and be glad in it.­ true-- Psalms 118: 24. By thinking without confusion clearly; THE JOURNAL Eternal Father, whose laws rule the By loving our fellow men sincerely; universe, whose glory fills the skies, and By acting from honest motives purely; The SPEAKER. The Ohair has exam­ whose love endures forever, we thank By trusting in Thee and heaven se- ined the Journal of the last day's pro­ Thee for this new day fresh from Your curely. ceedings and announces to the House hands, for life and liberty in this chal- Because we serve our country well this his approval thereof.