IJhe Jour onal of

:ECORDING THE E I.ECTRICAIL ' Et~A VOL. XXXV WASHINGTON, D. C., JANUARY, 1936 NO. 1 A New Year Cycle

The New Year comes... Prosperity increases .. Pay checks come more regularly ... Inquiries regarding group life insurance become more optimistic, and come oftener.

Group life insurance stands the test "through thick and thin" .. Many labor groups realize this .. When death occurs in an insured group, there is a place to turn to for ready money.

I I 4

The first month in the New Year is the best month for completing life insurance plans . . Union Cooperative answers all inquiries fully and willingly ... Union Cooperative wants an application from you.

Union Cooperative wishes you a Happy New Year.

Union Cooperative Insurance Association (A legal reserve life insurance company)

1200 Fifteenth Street, N. W.,

Washington, D. C. _··____lr~~~~···__~~·~~·~·~~~ ~I·I~~1111. ~·~ ~-1 I · I 1-11I -(111111 I -M .1402 R uffiffi r_ OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE I Magazine Chat The poem "All Souls' Day" INTERNATIONAL published in this isue of the Journal is by Otto Freund, who ELECTRICAL WORKERS AND OPERATORS at one time was secretary to Willis J. Spauliding, PUBLISHED MONTHLY superin- tendent of the Springfield ele- trie municipally owned power C. M. BUGNIAZET , Editor, 1200 15th Street N. W., Washi.gton., D. C. plant. He is brother of Mrs. Celia Freund of the staff of This Journaml will not be held respon.ibl for views expres..ed by the International Office. Mr. correspondents. Freund's poem was included in The first of each month is the closing date; all copy must be in our a collection made by Thomas hands on or before. Moult, of London, England, published in this country by Harcourt, Brace & Company. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS Raiiroads --.... C. .J,MCGLOOAN Bremer Arclade, St. Paul, Minn. International President, D. W. TRaIc, The photograph on the cover 1200 Tlb St., N. W., Washington, which so vividly suggests the D. C. INTERNATIONAL EXECUTIVE COUŽCIL idea of planning was lent to International Secretary, G. M. Buo- this Journal by the Stanford NIAZlT., 1200 Ith St., N. W., Wash- C,*s. M. PAua,. Choirlstn Paper Company, Washington, ington. D. C. 4919 Cuyler Ave.. Chicago. Il. D. C. International Treslurier. W. A. HOGAN First District G.W.0 WHITFO, 1517 Third Ave., Now York, N. Y. 647 South SixBth An., Mt. Vernon, Thus we have new instances N.Y. Second District ...... F. L. KaLr as to how the 95 Beacon St., Hyde Park, Mass, formation of the monthly issues of your Journal VICE PRESIDENTS Third District M. P. GORo.N are acts of collaboration 607 Bigelow Blvd., Pittsburgh, Pa. be- First District E. InI,, tween many different types of R. R. 3, London. Ont., Can. Fourth District EDWAr NOTHNAcr persons and organizations. 1717 C St., N. W.. Washington, U. C. Second District .... s.... Klvs" Box 648, Lynn, Mass. Fifth District ...... JAamS F Cay, 5051 Msffitt Ave., St. Louis, Mo. George F. Milton, Third reference District.-...... - Ew. F. Ktoma to whom was made in the De- 1200 15th St., N. W, Washington, D. C. Sixth Ditriet..... G. C. GlsoiS 1532 No. Boston St., Tuls, OMa. cember issue of the Journal as Fourth District .. Serssi.o being Box 241, Yo.unstown. Ohio Seventh Distrit ...... C. F. Ou editor of the Chattanooga 1045 King St., Denver, Colo. Times, is in fact editor of the Fifth District .. G. X. BSatem 16 North 20th St., Birnningham, Ala. Eighth District J. L. MCBglIm Chattanooga News, 18 James St., Labor Temple, Sixth District .... M. J. BoyL, Winnipeg, Can. 3530 Lake Shore Drive, Chicago. II. As writers grow in magni- Seventh District ..... W. L. INt..AM TELEPHONE OPERATORS' tude, their social views are 3641 Laughton St., Fort Worth. Texas DEPARTMENT often forgotten. So it was with Mark Twain, whose anni- Eighth District ...... H. W. Bma. President . - . JULIA O'COTNNO Box 471, Denver, Colo. 5 Boylston Place, Boston, Mass, versary was celebrated in No- vember, 1935. Twain was an Ninth District . .... H. P. BalrGumTS Secretory ... .. MAY Be"r Pacific Bldg., San Francisco. Calif. 5 Boylston Place, Boston, Mass. ardent believer in organized labor, He told W. D. Howell, whose sympathies with labor are well known, that "In the Contents P .. union was the working man's only present hope of standing PlInning Idea Drives Toward Fulfllment . · .. . . I S up like a man against money and Fairy Story Vi. British Cooperatives the power of 75 it." Twain's books U. S. Gets Third World Power Conference are still classics. They are also Accept Challenge of Thomas N. McCatier · . . . . IP8 monuments to the democratic Is Big Business Bigger Than Government? to spirit of America. 10 But few Mr. Emery, Shall We Page Mr. Mulhall? I' people know that he was an El Paso Case Eemplifies Utility Policy 12 ardent advocate of organized Tawdry Tale of Kept Press Retold . . . s13 labor. I. . Enters Field of Consumption Economics 14 Reform of Industry Must Start With Standards s15 A. H. Feely, international Labor Unions Back peae Mandate . . . 16 representative of the union, Rail Unions Fire First Guns in Campaign 17 spoke brilliantly over KERN, New Iadio Union Recalls Magnificent Past IS Bakersfield, Restricted Calif., about social Production, World Phenomennm 19 assistance given members. More Editorial 29 inhnebtr srhould adopt this, Woman's Work ...... ~... 22 method of making the good Casey's Chronicles of the Work World . . .. . *, . 24 work of their organization (Correspondenes ...... 2. widely known. -6 R

I~~~,...... ~~.. ~ .. Prntt W N.tioail rIbIhsltthn Co. HKt7.2 St, W., w,*a.$., c 2 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators January, 1986

All Souls' Day

By OTro FREUND

The patient dead have slept, year after year, Novembers come and go; the frosts of night Upon this quiet hill, Feed on the votive stone, In unremembered rows, forever drear, And dim the promises of life and light Forever still. Engraved thereon. Through endless seasons, intimate with clay. Whether or not beatitude may see Deep under flowing lawns The end of their repose, They wait in passive silence for a day The harvest of November rains will he That never dawns. December snows. i _I_ THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICALWORKES &OPERAORS Official Publication of the International Broterhood of Electrical Workers ltead at Washinglon. D C. as Sevond Cla. Matter Acceptance or maisn.a speel ratep of ostage pro- vided For in Section 110. Act o October 3. 1917, autoried M tch 28. 1922 SINGLE COPIES, 20 CENTS $200 PER YEAR. IN ADVANCE

VOL. XXXV WASHINGTON. D. C., JANUARY, 1936 NO. I Planning Idea Drives Toward Fulfillment

H l1n I. lng idea will not dow "'S:. 2. (a) The council-- T WnWi gres.ls me.tsin Janurgy, it When Congress convenes, the "(1) Shall keep advised with respect will have bhecre it the resolutien in- to geleraI eonomic and business condi- traduced at the end of the last .e.sirn by Bulkcley resolution, or a new bill, tions in the United States; Senator Bulkilcy. of Ohio. The resolu- will bring concept to the fore. "(2) Shall consider problems affeting tion is, briefly, as follows: the economic situation of tile United "Resolved, That the eonitt4e on States and its citizens; manufactures, or any duly authorized "(3) Shall endeavor to formulate pro- subcommitteo thereof. is authorizl and "Be it nrctd by the Seilt anld House of etpr-,sentuTaiveg oj the L ited Slotes posals looking to the solution of such directed to investigate the desirability of problems; establishing a national economic coun- of America il Congress assemnbld, That (a) there is hereby established a na- "(14) Shall make an annual report on cil and to make re commendations with or before the day of respect to the funclti ons whirb tional economic council to by composd andi duties to the Preidlent and to the Congress, might be assigned to such couitld. The of 15 members to he appinteld by the President, by and with the advice and together with its recommendations, if committee shall report to the Senate, as any. for necessary legislation or for soon as practicable, the result of its consent of the Senate. The members of other action; and investigation, togetle,ith its recona- the council shall be selected ann.ually q(5) Shall, from time to time as it enddatlias. from lists submitted by groups of asso- "For the purposes of this resolution the ciations and organizations representing deems advisable, subnmit reports dealing committee, or ally duly authorized sub- the industrial, financial, agricultural, with particular eeonomnic questions, to- transportation, ard labor interests of the gether with its recommendations, to the committee thereof i. authorized to hold President to the Congress., and to the such hearingg, to t;it and act at such United States, but not more than three times and places during the sessions and such members shall be selectd from the appropriate economic associatlins and recesses of the S,,at. in the Sventy- list submitted by each of such groups. organizations interested in such ques- fourth Congress. to employ such clerical The terms of office of the members of the tions. and other assistants, Ib requlre by sub- council first taking office after the ap- "(b) For the purposes of this Act, the poena or otherwise the attendance of proval of this Act shall expire, as desig- council is authorized to make such rules such witnesses and the production of nated by the President at the time of and regulations, and by itself or through such books, papers, and documents, to nomination, five at the end of the first its officers, to make such investigations administer such oaths. to take such testi- year. five at the end of the second year, and to call for such information as it ,noy, and to miae such expenditures, as and five at the end of the fourth year, deilnts rcessary. Any member of the it deems advisable. The cost of Steno- after the date of approval of this Act. council may sign subpoenas,, and mem- graphic services to report such hearings The term of o1lie of a successor to any bers and agents of the council, when au- shall not be in excess of 25 cents per 100 such member of the council shall expire thorized by the council, may administer words. The expenses of the committee, four years from the date of the expiro oatls and affirmations, examine wit- which shall not exceied 5.000, shall be tion of the term for which his pred.eces- nesses. tak testimony by deposition or paid from the contingent fund of the sor was appointed except that any menm- otherwise, and receive evidence. Senate upon ,vouhersapproved by the her of the council appointed to Jill a va- '(C) Such attendanme of witnesses and chairnian." cancy occurring prior to the expiration of the proaduetinl of smn1h IdoCulmentary evi- It is reported il Washington that the the term for which his predecessor was dence may he reqaired from ally place natlional resou.re. c.onmnmitte has proe appointed, shall be appointed for the re- in the United States at any designated pared a bill which also is expected to ad- mainder of such term. place of hearing,. Inlel of disobe- vance the goal of national e oonllic "(b) The President shall annually dliener to a subpoena the council may planning. designate one of the members of the invoke the aid of any district or terri- In February, 193i, Senator La Fnilette council a chlairnman and one as vice torial court of the United States or the presented a bill to ,ongress that has chairman of tile council. Tile vice chair- Supreme Court of the District of Colum- never been acted upon. This bill is re man shall act as chairman in case of the bia in rePiring the attendance and garded by economists interested in eo- absene, or disability of the chaiiman. A testimony of witnesses and the produc- nomic planning as approaching more majority of the members of the council tion of documentary evid n.e, and such closely their ideas and the experiences of in oflee sall constitute a quorum but the court within the jurisdiction of which other countries than tIlhe Bulkley rcsiol i- council may function notwithstanding such inquiry is carried on may, in case tion. It is believed that progressives in vacancies. The members of the council of contumacy or refusal to obey a sub- Congress will likely follow the La io- shall serve without salary but may be poena issued to any corporation or other lotte bill. One objection brought against paid a per diem compensation not to person, issue an order requiring such the La Follette bill is that the planning exceed $ while engaged upon the busi- corporation or other person to appear council is made up of representatives of niess of the council. Each member of the before the council, or to produe docu- interests rather than of trained penopi! council shall be paid his necessary travel- mentary evidence if so ordered or to give who will act in an advisory capacity. The ing expenses to and from the meetings of evidence touching the matter in ques- Ia Follette bill follows: the council and his expenses incurred for tion; and any failure to obey such order subsisten. or per diem allowance iia lieu of the court may he punished by su.h La Follette Bill Recalled thereof, within the limitations prescribed court as a contempt thereof. "To establish a national economic by law, while attending or traveling to or "(d) The council is authorized to ap- council. from such meetings. point a secretary, who shall receive a 4 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators January, 1936

salary of $ per year and (1) in ac- lishments are handicapped by lack of ganisations through the conference cordance with the civil service laws, to planning on the part of other establish- method can find the way to co-ordinated appoint, and, in accordance with the ments in the industry. policies and the mneans to put them into Classifeation Act of 1923, to fix the "But industries are interdependent effect. There is nothing mysterious compensation of such additional offi- and mismanagement in one industry re- about national planning-the new fac- cers, experts, examiners, clerks, and acts directly upon those interrelated and tors are co-ordination on a large scale employees, and (2) to make such ex- indirectly upon the business situation. and need for balance. We must have penditures (including expenditures for So interrelated are the possibilities for co-ordinated facts, co'ordinated discus- personal services and rent at the seat any business undertaking or any whole sion, and co-ordinated plans. We must of government and elsewhere, and for industry with the forces that condition find the principles of balance, by giving printing and binding, law books, books business activity, that all individual plans representation to all groups which influ- of reference, and periodicals) as are must be formulated in the light of under- ence or are influenced by situations and necessary for executing the functions standing of the general situation. On co-ordinating distribution and accunm- vested in the council by this Act. the other hand unless the general situa- lation. "(e) The expense of the council, in- tion is watched and directed in accord "The chief purpose of national plan- Eluding all necessary expenses for trans- with understanding growing out of co- ning is the maintenance of balance; that portation incurred by the members of is, to keep income of consumers ade- the council, or by their employees under quate to purchase capacity production. their orders, in making any investiga- In other words, we should plan--not to tion, or upon official business in any restrict production--but to keep it other places than in the city of Wash- steadily mounting as technical progress ington, shall be allowed and paid upon enables us to increase productivity. the presentation of itemized vouchers "Our present difficulties are due to therefor approved by the chairman of the failure of distribution to keep pace the council. with production. Instead of increasing "(f) The principal office of the coun- the volume of the outgoing stream of cii shall be in the city of Washington, worker payments that constitute 80 per where its general sessions shall be held, cent of the volume of consumer trade, but whenever the convenience of the an increased amount of the returns to public or of the parties may be pro- industries have been dammed up for moted, or delay or expense prevented capital purposes. The result is a break- thereby, the council may hold special down of our economic machinery. sessions in any part of the United States. "Since the cause of our difficulty is The council may, by one or more mem- inadequate incomes in the hands of con- hers of the council, prosecute any in- sumers to buy the full output of produc- quiry necessary to its duties, in any part tion, millions have been going without of the United States. the necessaries of life because they did "(g) The council is authorized to not have money to buy the things which adopt an official seal which shall be ju- were available in the stores, and no in- dicially noticed. dustry has maintained sustained produc- "SEC. 3. There is hereby authorized to tion at capacity volume. If purchasing be appropriated annually the sum of power were provided through higher $ , or so much thereof as may be wages, practically every industry could necessary, to carry out the provisions of WILLIAM GREEN operate at capacity and many would this Act." have to expand. In the state where the The hearings on the La Follette bill ordinated discussions, the individual average wage income was lowest, $674, have not been ante-dated by events since plant or industry is materially handi- the per capita yearly sales were lowest, 1931. Engineers, business leaders, labor capped in planning over a number of $172. For the 10 states with the lowest leaders and economists reported to the years, because of the number of factors average income for workers, $838, the sub-committee of the committee on man- that are outside its control. per capita yearly sales were lowest, ufactures and a great many of these "Economic planning is in the early $230. For those seven states where the favored a national economic council, stages of development. We can not now average wage income was over $1,500, The testimony of William Green out- definitely determine the agencies through the average per capita yearly sales were lined labor's position on the question of which it can he carried on or the tech- almost $500. These sales figures were national economic planning: niques to be used, We know, however, taken from the census of distribution made by the United States Census Bu- Green Outline. Ljbor Stand that information concerning the best practices developed in single plants and reau in 1929-the first census of dis- "Even the simplest undertaking re- industries should be made universally tribution made by the federal govern- quires advance planning, To act and available and that coordinated efforts by ment. It is significant to note that this work intelligently we must know what the groups concerned would result in is the first national audit of distribution, we want to do, how to do it, and have substantial progress. which in itself is an explanation of why ready the necessary materials and mech- "We know that every functional group we have not made more progress in anisums. When we know the facts and should be organized in the way that will balancing distribution and production. have the facts under control we can most effectively enable each to advance Information on distribution is an essen- plan exactly and further in advance of its interests as an integrated part of a tial supplement to reports on manufac- action. Just as successful living for the whole undertaking. Independent decis- turers and other industries, in order to individual must be planned with the ion and co-operative action are equally have an intelligent picture of business needs of future years in advance, so the necessary to this end, conditions. successful operation of an industrial un- "We know that co-ordinated discussion Balance Much Needed dertaking must be guided by advance and agreements are necessary to pro- planning that looks a number of years mote the interests of associated activi- "To balance distribution and produc- ahead. ties, however small or large the scale. tion, we must widen the channels which "In the past two decades business plan- The conference method is the only one carry the flow of consumer incomes. ning based upon adequate accounting and to which labor would subscribe at the "Since the cause of trouble is inade- production records has made great prog- present time, for this method safeguards quate distribution, our cure for the dis- ress under the more progressive manage- the voluntary principles which we regard ease must be concerned with increasing ments. as essential to sustained progress and the volume of consumer incomes. "We have found that individual estab- development. We believe voluntary or- (Contlnue4 on Pae 40) L~~~~~~... The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators Fairy Story viz. British Co-operatives By E. INGLES. Vice President, Internaltional Rrotherhood of Electrical Workers

Editor's note: Vice President igles left the task of finding a solution to this wont to Englan. /os ratmnai delegate to British Co-operative Wholesale problem. One night, so the story goes, the British Trades Union Congressfrom he lay awak.e in bed thinking over the Caunad. He found the co-aperative move- Society as seen at first hand is problem when he suddenly cried, "I've ,vat of peferred intorest and has store-keeping, but on a magnifi- got it; I've got it!" His wife, awakened brNouht back this important report. Of cent scale. Labor is backbone of by his enthusasm, asked if it was significance to American labor this is, burglars he had got and when she heard in view of the breakdown of pril,ate venture. Workers manage huge what he really had got she advised him eapitalism. business. that he would do better if he would get to sleep. But there was no sleep for PEAK of the labor movement and Howartih, he could not rest. He must S immediately, in the minds of a great explain to the others,. HIe Inet Cooper number of people, there spring already been made at Rochdale. The at Smithies' house and explained. Men- visions of controversy over wages, hours objects of the 1844 effort as stated at bership in the new co-operative was to of work, overtim rates, ratio and edu- the time were to assist the workers in .be open to everybody; cash sales; quar- cation of apprentices, holiday periods securing unadulterated necessities of terly reckonings; a small limited interest and such like. And there are some life at reasonable cost and the "ultimate on capital and the rest as dividend on people who stretch their imaginations to aim of a self-supporting community." purchases. Share capital would accumu- grotesque lengths to read into the activi- In the latter part of the objective they late out of dividend; and more members ties of the labor movement "restriction never succeeded, in fact there is no rec- would come into the fold; for the divi- of output." Of course they know dif- ord that they attempted it. They did suc- dend would reduce prices and at the reently. It is lone, really, to discredit ceed in vastly improving the position of sameI tille indue saving and so cause the movement. millions of the working classes by en- interest to he added to dividend. This The activities above referred to, of abling them, to obtain their provisions was the neat of it. Instead of dividends course, form a great part of the activi- and other necessities cheap and pure, to being paid on capital invested, dividend ties of the labor movement, but not all avoid the mill stone of debt, to save was to be paid on volume of mpurchases by any n.eans. There are social better- money and to secure necessities and the made. In other words profits were to be ments which are not attainable through odd tern of luxury and ease which under divided amnoigst those, who by their pur- employer-employee relations in which the ordinary system of trading they could chases made the business a success and the labor movement has a pertinent in- never secure, and who shall say they are thereby treated profits. Invested cap- terest. All the activities, regardless of not on the way to accomplishment of the ital which merely enabled a start to be the form they tah, tend to one purpose; latter part of their original project? It made was considered more in the nature to bring to the common people a fuller is not the intention here to enter into a of a loan and a stipulated rate of inter- measure of happlness and contentment. discussion of the theory of co-operative est was to be paid thereon. To attain this objective no possibility is trading or the merits of the previous at- overlooked, and so the ramificaiuo s of tempts. I am going to try to give an Movement Grew R.pidly the labor movement are many and insight into the accomplishments and The store at Rochdale became a suc- varied. ramifications of the present movement cess. Buht not just as easy as that. Much Many are the avenues examined in as it exists in Great Britain which sprang hard work had to be put in. Samuel search for methods to improve the lot of from the feeble effort made in 1884 in Ashworth, the shopkeeper, and William the common people. Legislative bodies, Roehdale, Lancashire. Cooper, the clerk, volunteered their ser- federal, state and municipal, are be- Merchlndising On Granda Scala vices at 8 pence per hour and this was sieged in an effort to bring about this not to be paid if the venture did not end and a great deal of success h at- In the starting and early development vucceed. Wilt such enthusiasm and tended efforts in this direction. There of the Rochdale Co-operative and the faith it just had to succeed. The news are, however, still other activities which Co-operative Wholesale Society four spread over the countryside. Store after have merit. men stood out, Charles Howarth, James store came into being. Soon the neces- The writer, while in England recently, Smithies, William Cooper and Samuel sity for a wholesale became apparent. lihad an opportunity to study an institu- Ashworth. Later Abraham Greenwood By 1860 the movement had grown to 2080 tion which is contributing much toward and W. J. T. Mitchell joined this small stores. A meeting of the leaders of the the attainment of a better social order. group of outstanding figures in the early various societies was held and the big The story of the origin and the extent development of the movement. Big subject was that of a federation for of the development of this institution things are accomplished slowly. It was wholesale business. Hlero another ob- reads like a fairy story. A romantic all very well to aim at a commonwealth, stacle cropped up. The law was in the fairy story. Yet one pregnant with prac- but first of all put the storekeeping way. One society could not invest in tical results. I have in mind the British right. The scheme was tried out another nor own more than one acre of co-operative movenment and particularly amongst a few friends with meal and land. Nothing daunted thie little group the Co-operative Wholesale Society. potatoes and succeeded. They then re- of far seeing men whom success had In 1844 28 men, flannel weavers, other solved on a new policy. emboldened set out to have the law artisans, and a few small business men Charles Ilowartb is considered the altered and they sueeded. In the year and sueh like got together a capital of inventor of the system. He was only 1863 the "North of England Co-opera- 28 pounds (approximately $140) by two 26 years of age and had already had tire Wholesale Agency and Depot So- penny and three penny subscriptions, some experience in an earlier society ciety, Ltd.," was organized and with two and in December of that year opened a and had lost some hard earned money. men and a boy at No. 3 Cooper Street little shop in Toad Lane in Rcltdale, lie had carried a proposal to adopt the in Manchester commenced business in Lancashire. This was not the first at- name "Equitable Pioneers'" as the name March of that year. The Wholesale tempt at this type of social betterment. of a society. But after the past experi- Society had arrived. Several attempts had been made in the ene the query arose, hlow was the The fact that the Co-operative Whole- past. Notable among them was the soieety to be made equitable in fact? sale Society had arrived did not neces- O)wen effort which was carried on at New Fowa.rth, who, by the way, had been sarily mean that it was immediately a Lanark, beginning 1779 and later at nicknamed "the lawyer" had studied the success. The established business men other places. An unsuccessful effort had Friendly Societies Act, and to him was were not lying down. Fortunately the 6 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators January, 1936

full force of their opposition did not of such restrictive laws as operate ahead to new heights, annual sales to appear until later when the movement unfairly against societies as compared over three millions. The table below, was in a position to resist it. Evidently with individuals."' showing the membership, capital and in the early days they did not take the The first fatsry for biscuits and sales up to 1984 is indeed very illumi- sweets--was movement seriously, opened at Crumpsall, Man- nating. They, apparently, chester. The next venture was a shoe One thousand forty societies were also believed that workmen had no or- factory at Leiester. Expansion and still members of the C. W. S. in January, ganizing or administrative ability. Years more expansion, but money was neces- 1935. The local retail societies consti- of anxious thought, hard work and small sary. A co-operative bank had been tute the membership of the C. W. S. not pay lay ahead. But the spirit and faith started but did not last long. In 1876 the individual members. The individuals of the earlier days still predominated. the C. W. S. Bank was started simply are the members of the local societies. Some of the early pioneers of the as a loan and deposit department and as The Co-operative Insurance Society, Wholesale Society gave their time for soon as it was allowed by law to do so it Ltd., is another activity of the co-opera- nothing. During the first year some of became a real bank and began an undis- tive movement and is operated jointly by them became disheartened and wanted turbed career. For the year 1934, the the English and Scottish Wholesale Soci- to wind up. What remained of their resources and trade of the bank were eties. It was established in 1867 and now tiny capital (1,000 pounds) they wanted shown to be: has 197 branches and 12,289 agents to divide before it was all lost. It was £ throughout Great Britain and Northern 86,000,000 felt by the majority that the 1,000 Total assets ...... Ireland. In the year 1934 its business Deposits and withdrawals 644,250,000 activities were as follows: pounds was meant for a great cause and Surplus -. 127,100 they would lose it first rather than give Premium inlcome £ up. That their decision was a wise one, Thus more than £2,000,000 passes over Ordinary ite ...... -.-...... the counter every working day in the Collecticve lif --.------451,1e1 there can now be no doubt. By 1872 lndustrsl -e.....-.--.-...... year. The bank has nearly 10,000 3.311.408 the sales had climbed to a million a year. trade Flr~ ..~.~....~.~.... .·...... V20,014 union acecount Accdent .------llmployrs liability -..-...... Conn.ner Ditat.s Products M otor ------731,963 Resist. Dep..ression . eral… -- . -…...... a1 Sales continued to climb. Expansion The years 1875 to 1880--slump years Total...... -...... 6,34o491 was the note of the day. Production was -created anxious moments and to use the next step, but what did production the words of Mr. J. T. W. Mitchell, the Claras £ mean? Their philosophy was that goods then president, "The Wholesale Society Csima pald -uttandog-...... 057.79i Clanims paid sine eommeomt,)t of were not produced until they were pro- was in very great straits." However, for so.Ioety-...... '7,O:S,O09 duced to the right customer; that is until only two years 1878-9 was its trading Funds they had gone through all the processes progress checked and then it forged to reach the consumer in the home. They held "serving human needs is but one Number of process. The divisions of service are members merely for convenience." Dr. Watt, one belonging to Nunber of the early enthusiasts, in speaking be- sakreholding Net o! fore the Manchester Statistical Society Y.nr soeieti#s eapiPls surplus workesr about this time put the case of the co- £ 1ga operator quite clearly in the following: 1865 - 24,005 7,182 120,754 "It aims not at substituting companies' 18855.. 507,772 841,174 4,79315! 77,630 12731 stores for those of the individual shop- 1905 - 1,Cf5.$27 4,98,933 20,785469 304,568 14,156 keeper, but at making workingmen, and 1925 3.,77,659 15,369.o050 70,585,7l 4 1.053,504 34,99 1927 4,020232 47,890,M3 86,894137 1,530,969 37,142 ultimately all men, their own shopkeep- 1929 .... 4,565272 59229,542 89,288,125 19,81974 40,485 era; it aims not at substituting joint 1931 ...... 5,138,124 72.366A33 81,498234 1,692,167 41,435 stock companies for individual employ- 1034 5,9,fsti1 93,500,000 90,177,072 2,062,498 47,492 ers, but at making all men, who need to work, their own The English and employers; it aims Scottish Wholesale not at substituting Societies jointly company-built cot- handled 127,351, tages for those of 861 pounds of tea individual land- with a value of lords, but at mak- £6,664,244, 3,485,- ing every working 874 pounds of cof- man, and ulti- fee with a value of mately every man £192,904, and 5,- his own landlord; 498,028 pounds of it aims, in short, to cocoa and choco- do away with the late, with a value exploitation of of £242,518. Joint- man by man for ly the English and profit, and the to- Scottish Wholesale tal abolition of Societies own tea the capitalist mid- plantations in In- dleman; and it dia of 29,822 acres seeks to accom- and had a crop of plish all this with- 4,541864 pounds out begging for or in 1934 and the accepting pecuni- Ceylon Estate has ary aid from phi- 5,408 acres and lanthropists, and had a crop of 1,- without seeking 046,028 pounds in any help from leg- 1934. islatures other The products of than the abolition (Co±,tllnil on p 41)

I January, 1936 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators 7 U. S. Gets Third World Power Conference

HE third World Power Conferen.e Secretary, International Executive Coun- T will convene in Washington. I). C. Washington will be host to cil, C. H. Gray, Esq., Great Britain. September 7 to 12, 1936. The Amier- icai national committee, which will world figures in electrical field. The purpose of the World Power Con- carry on the work of the conference, has Labor men co-operate with Amer- terence is to consider how the sources of just been announced by Harold L. lekes, ican National Committee, heat and power may bLeadjusted nation Secretary of the Interior, chairman. The ally and internationally: committee represents a cross sretion of By considering the potential resources the electrical industry and has a number of each country. in hydro-electric power, of labor representatives upon it, as well on the subject of public ownership should coal,. oil and other fuels, and minerals. as a good representation of government treat the relationship between public and By eomparing experienes in the de- officials who deal with power questions. private operation from these stand- velopment of scientific agriculture, irri- Morris L. Cooke, administrator of the points: The maintenance of private initi- gation. anld transportation by land, air Rural Electrification Administration, is ative vs. public social rsp.onsibility: eco- andwater. chairman of the executive committee. numic advance in terms of lowest con- By conferences of engineers, technical Among the labor people are William um.er costs and tie different distribu- experts and fuel experts, and authorities Green, George M. Harrison, M. H. tion of benefits and costs between con- on scientilir and industrial research. Hedges, and John L. Lewis. Among the ioners and others which the two systems By consultations of the eIosumers of government group are David Lilicnthal, afford. fuel and power and the manufacturers Arthur E. Morgan, both of the Tennes- Another question of prime importance of the instruments of production of see Valley Authority; Senator Norris; dtals with national and regional plan- power. Senator Wheeler; Senator Pitman; ning in their relation to the conservation By conferecres on technical education Frank R. MeNinch, chairman of the Fed- to review the educational methods in dif- eral Power Commission; Frederick A. ferent countries, and to consider means Delano, vice chairman of the national re- by which the existing facilities may he sources committee; Benjamin V. Cohen, improved. general counsel, national power By discussion on the financial policy committee; Dr. Elwood and economic aspects of industry, Meade, director of the Bureau of nationally and internationally. Reclamation. Public ownership By conferences on the possi- groups were represented by J. D. bility of establishing a permanent Ross, E. F. Scattergood, Jludson world bureau for the collection of King, Carl P. Thompson, Frank I'. data, the preparation of inven- Walsh. Industry is represented tories of the world's resources, by Floyd L. Carlisle, of the Mor- and the exchange of industrial gan group; A. W. Robinson. of and scientific information through Westinghouse; Owen D. Young. of appointed representatives in the General Electric; John E. Zim- ariols couontries. nerman, of United Gas Improve- The International Commission ment; Philip (Ge ssler. Columbia on Large Dams of the World Gas and Electric Company. A Power Conference will also hold numlber of independent econo.r.is its convention in the same place are represented on the committee and at the same time. by Stuart Chase, John T. Flyen, and engineers by Hugh L. Cooper and Milo II. Maltbie. Post Office Clerks "Tell the The program is elaborate. In general World" it leals with national power economy. of natural resources. Tite question of the Its principal sections are: relationship of water power generation By G(Ln:ar E. HYArr, I. Physical and statistical basis. taid coal generation is also up for discus- Legislative Representative, National 2. Organization of the fuel industry. sion. Rural electrification is treated. Federation of Post Office Clerks. 3. Organization and regulation of ele- Fifty Countries Reprosented The National Federation of Post Office i,, and gas utilities. Clerks is now utilizing two of the newer 4. National regional plan for nost effi- The World Power Conference is a fed- erationl of national con.Iitts and rep- mediums of communication, radio and the cient utilization of natural resources. "silver screen," to tell little-known facts 5. Special problems of regional plan- resentatives of some 50 countries, organ- about the postal service. ized in 1924 upon the initiative of the late ning. A film, "Here Comes the Mail" is now 6. Rationalization of distribution. D. N. Dunlop, of Great Britain. The of- being circulated. It sets forth all the 7. Natil power and resources ficers of the conference and its executive unknown and mysterious processes by policies. council have been: which a letter, dropped into a mailbox or Will Appeal to Layhen President: The Rit. ion. The Earl of chute, finally arrives at its destination Derby, K. G., Great Britain, 1924-O. whether thi, he in the saniue city or across A departure is made in this program So. Exzellenz Gehl, Baurat Dr.-Ing. E. the world. The collection service, the somewhat, inlasnueh as it is conceived as Hii. 0. von Miller (deceased), Germany, work of the highly trained tethnicians not merely a convention for technicians, 1930-. known as "distributors," the railway but one that will appeal to laymen as Chairman, International Executive Coun- mail, the various processes in the city of well. cil: D. N. Dunlop (deceased), O. B. E., destination before it is finally turned 'ile program has not shrunk from cun- Great Britain, 1924-S5. Sir Harold over to your letter carrier, are all shown. troverfial topics. In section 3, the lues- Hartley, C. B. E., F. R. S., Great Along with this are "shots" of the nmoney Lion of public regulation of privately- Britain, 1935--. order, C. . ID., postal savings and the owned gas and electric utilities is ex- Vice Chairman, International Executive other activities of the "biggest business pected to be treated. Relative to this last Council: Dr. Edouard Tissot, Switzer- in the world," topic, the program suggests that pLpers land. I >0 1hill'p. on 1 42) 8 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators January, 1936 Accepts Challenge of Thomas N. McCarter

HE EDISON ELECTRIC INSTI- rates in Washington, D. C., Buffalo, San tute, 420 Lexington Avenue, New President of Edison Electric Francisco, HIouston and Minneapolis, York City, a union of utility em- and numerous other cities, the table an- ployers, does not believe in organization Institute one big union of utility nounced by Mr. Jahn indicates. for workers. Its president, Thomas N. employers--denies organization McCarter, who ha'been frequently in Typical Costs for 25 Kilowatt Hoeur of the public prints, is also president of the to workers. Incidentally head of Electrical Energy for Domestic Public Service Corporation of New most expensive (to consumer) Use. as Compiled By Federal Jersey, a holding company which oper- system in United States. Trade Comm.in.on ates the Public Service Electric and Gas Washington, D. C...... $ .98 Company of New Jersey, which in turn Baltimore, Md...... serves most principal cities of the state 1.25 Consuner. Deeply Interested Boston, Mass...... 1.65 of New Jersey. Minneapolis, Mien ...... 1.66 Incidentally, the New Jersey holdings The New Jersey State Electrical of Thomas Toledo, Ohio ...... 1.75 N. McCarter and associates Workers Association has already an- Cincinnati, Ohio ...... 1.25 are the most expensive utility holdings in nounced that they will co-operate with Buffalo, N. Y ...... 1.13 the United States-to the consumer. consumers in that state for securing Pittsburgh, Pa...... President 1.55 McCarter is no more inter- lower electric rates. This announcement Milwaukee, Wis ...... 1.55 ested in low electric rates than he is in was made in December and has brought Kansas City, Me -o...... o...... 1.63 union organization. to the association scores of letters, tele- Houston, Texas ------1.30 Representatives of the company grams and telephone calls from mer- San Francisco, Calif...... 1.53 under the direction of MeCarter have chants, small industries and even public New York City, N. Y.-...... 1.80 thrown the gauge of battle to the Inter- officials, requesting that the campaign Newark, N. J ------2.15 national Brotherhood of Electrical he not confined to merely an effort to Workers, and the reply of the electrical secure lower domestic rates but lower The legislative committee of the State workers to McCarter's illegal policy is commercial and municipal rates. The Electrical Workers Association is meet- the creation of a special committee of New Jersey State Electrical Workers ing almost weekly in Trenton and the New Jersey State Electrical Workers Association has pointed out through the Newark because its members believe Association on Utility Legislation, 190 public press that the rate for domestic that the situation precipitated by Mc- Belmont Avenue, Newark, N. J. consumers in the State of New Jersey Carter's refusal to treat with the union It is no exaggeration to say that the is the highest in the United States. These demands such conmtnt action. eyes of the United States are directed findings are based on data.collected by toward New Jersey where the opposing the Federal Power Commssibn. MeCarter is also a director of the forces are lining up because the presi- The State Association of Electrical Fidelity Union Trust Company, dent of the Edison Electric Institute is Workers points out, through its chair- Newark, also president of the utility involved. man, R. A. Jahn, Trenton, that the Philadelphia Electric Company, Newark area is distinguished by short United Engineers and Constructors, Jloter Act*. . Director lines, heavy concentration of popula- Inc., tion and great industrial areas; all faee. United Gas Improvement Company, Edward F. Kioter, vice president of tots which should make for low rates. The American Super Power Company, the International Brotherhood of Elec- Across the bay, the metropolis of New The United Corporation, and trical Workers, has been assigned by the York City is paying 16 per cent less for The Chase National Bank of the City International Office to work with the electricity for domestic uses than the of New York. New Jersey State Electrical Workers consumers of Newark, New Jersey, Ho- Association in the defensive campaign boken, Union City and 20 other cities of MeCarter is not a utility man in the now going forward. Mr. Kloter said, the New Jersey area. At that, rates in sense of being a technically trained engi- "When the State Electrical Workers As- New York City are high compared to neer. He came to the utility business sociation launched its campaign for lower out of New Jersey politics. He is a rates in New Jersey, there was a mag- lawyer. He was at one time judge of nificent response through the public the First District Court of Newark and press. Some of the newspapers noticed member of the state senate. He was the campaign editorially. One paper in even chairman of the Republican state Perth Amboy questioned the unilon's committee and this perhaps accounts for sincerity. It said: 'The campaign started his interest in political questions He by the electrical union saeks of some- went from the attorney-generalhip of thing more than a rate reduction en- New Jersey to the head of the Public deavor.' The union does not grant the Service Corporation in New Jersey. justice of this supposed inconsistency. The Edison Electric Institute, the The union wants organization but the union to which Mr. McCarter and his unin experiece has been throughout utility belong, has about 700 operating the fntted States that where utilities are companies in its membership and 20,000 unfair to the working force and deny utility executives therein. The Edison organization, they are also unfair to the Electric Institute is a new name for an public and charge rates at a high level. old association. It will be recalled that The two go together. the National Electric Light Association, "Newspapers which are anxious to the trade association which is now called protect the interests of utilities seldom the Edison Electric Institute, came in remember that low paid employees of for a great deal of public dis-esteem two utilities are also consumers of elese- years ago, when the Federal Trade Com- tricity. They are strictly within their mission made its report on subversive rights as consumers in seeking lower activities of utilities, So bitter was utility rates in an effort to raise their public sentiment against the National own standards of living," continued Mr. Electric Light Association that its man- Kloter. nDWARD P. tLOTER ager felt that it would be better to Janluary, 1986 The Journal of Electrieal Workers and Operators 9

change its name to Edison Electric INTRICATE NETWORK OF NCCARTER S two years. The TVA has been de- Institute. It did not, however, clared a threat to states' rights, and change its executive personnel nor UnTILITIES N NEw JERnsY to private investment and enter- did it change its aimsandpurposes. prise. Mr. McCarter, president of The stigma of propaganda at- the association, urged a speedy tached to the N. E. L. A. was at testing of the constitutionality of firt blamed on the then disgraced the Tennessee Valley program be- Insul. In keeping with the season fore the Supreme Court. The of the new year, the newly organ- Edison Electric Institute is known ized institute adopted a set of already to have paid $50,000 to a beautiful resolutions to govern its law firm in Birmingham, Ala., for future eondut-despite the fact work on the case of Ashwander that critics had remarked on see- vs. Tennessee Valley Authority ing the carryover of officers from and $1,992 additional in connec- the old N. E. I. A., "A rose by any tion with the reporting of the other name would smell as seet." case. It proposes to participate further in the cost of appealing the New Rules Mere Lure case until the Supreme Court has The new rules included the filing rendered a decision. of annual reports by member com- Purpose of this so-called test panies, the auditing of their books ease is to prevent the public from by independent, outside auditors, receiving education as to what are the improvement of electric ser- proper rates via the yard stick vice, the lowering of rates. The routo. organization promises to "divest The Edison Institute has de- itself of all semblance of propa- clared microscopic any savings ganda activities" and politics, and which would devolve upon the to "assume an attitude of frank- consumer as a result of lower eec- ness and ready co-operation in its trio rates. For the tidy sum of dealings with the public and with $35,000, plus incidental expenses, regulatory bodies." The institute the institute hired two rather fa- admonished its members by de- mous lawyers-one a candidate claring that thereafter statements for democratic nomination to the "shall be accurate and clearly indi- presidency of the United States in cate their source" and that 1932--Newton D. Baker and "charges to the operation com- James M. Beck, to write an opin- pany (by the holding company) ion which proclaimed not only that shall be reasonable and com- federal power projects, such as mensurate with the value of the the TVA are unconstitutional, but JERSiY 18 A REAVILY POPULATED ARE., A services rendered and the fair Tl 18w1ALONE SOULD MAKE FOR EASY DISTaI N even federal grants and loans to cost thereof to the company fur- TION AND LOWER RATES locIal governments for municipal nishing the service" power plants. The institute announced plans to con- was all but successful in an attempt to tinue the engineering and sales activities get a utility code accepted which would Million Dollar Lobby Exposed of the old organization. Fact-finding, in- have created one of the largest indus- The most covert activity of the utility stead of fact faking, is to become a trial monopolies in history. The lawyers industry was the $1,500,000 power specialty. Membership is confined to representing utility leaders before the lobby, sensationally uncovered in Wash- electric operating and holding compan- NRA code hearings in Washington were ington this summer, to defeat the ies. Manufacturers, dealers and con- incidentally the same lawyers who had Wheeler-Rayburn holding company bill. tractors, formerly members of the N. E. represented utility magnates during the The lobby, acting chiefly under the name L. A, are excluded. Federal Trade Commission investigation. of the Committee of Public Utility Ex- At the E. E I. convention in June of ecutives, bombarded Congress with liter- Stay, in Politics last year, the institute tried to divert ature against the bill-for which it paid Before the institute was three weeks the stream of public criticism invoked the publicity firm of Ivy Lee and T. J. old one of its member companies had by the Federal Trade Commission's con- Rosm at the rate of $5,000 a month. The violated the promise of future coopera- tinued expose, by accusing the commis- committee, acting under the chairman- tion with regulatory authorities. The sion of maliciously besmirching the ship of Philip H. Gadsden, who since Brooklyn Edison Company challenged industry at the behest of politicians. Hit- 1919 has been vice president of Morgan's the right of the New York Public Service ting at Roosevelt's federal power proj- United Gas Improvement Company, also Commission to question its labor policies ects, the convention branded the govern- aroused utility stockholders to deluge when that body attempted to investigate ment as "oppressor, competitor and their Congressmen with letters and tele- the discharge of 5,000 employees by the executioner" and declared that the in- grams of protest. One enthusiastic company at a time when it had both dustry must educate the man in the holding corporation, the Associated Gas work to be done and the necessary funds street to the effect that any government and Electric Coonny (though not a for wages for these workers. yardstick for electric rates is unfair. member of the Edison Electric Insti- Still practicing the predatory methods In the next breath speakers arose in tute), took thousands of names out of of insullism, the Edison Electric Insti- the convention to urge that utilities un- city directories and signed them to tute began early in its career to throw dertake a concerted drive to sell electric Western Union telegrams to Congress- the bulk of its weight against the Roose- appliances to customers, to satisfy the men. When the U. S. Senate began to velt recovery program, because one eraving for electrified homes resulting investigate the power lobby. Western plank of that program included an effort from the government's program. The Union employees hastily removed the to secure lower electric rates for the utilities could timehus "cash in on this price- duplicates of these messages from their consumer. During the formative period less free advertising and publicity." files and burned them. o£ idtpLiing the NRA codes for industry, A. C. Oliphant, who heads a "factual the utility trade association wormed its MeCarter Order. Test Case information service" in Washington, way into the very headquarters of the The Tennessee Valley Authority has testified at the Senate investigation that National Recovery Administration. It been the target of a series of propa- his firm grosses $30,000 a year for ad- then proceeded to bore from within and ganda attacks by the institute for nearly (contmnusS on page 41)) 10 The Joulrnal of Electrieial Worlkers and Operators Januarj,1936 Is Big Business Bigger Than Government?

N this tragic new year of America's moent and which has prevented wage life the salient fact is the revolution- Lawlessness is established as earners from being the type of con- ary tactics of big business against sumers they must be if agriculture and government. Of such huge proportion settled practice of corporations industry are to prosper. and of such intensity is this drive against by open defiance of federal regu- "There are certain basic conditions regulation, that every American citizen lation. Business men brew heady which require adjustment and regula- may well ask the question, is business tion. It has been evident, for many bigger than government? The corol- Fascist drink, as they shout for the years, that the work day was so long as lary query is, if big business wins, has Constitution. to create unemployment. It has been the Fascist state already arrived in the evident, for many years, that the wages United States? paid from the values created by indus- Here are some of the developments try were so economically unsound that of the new year in the extra-legal activ- business men refused to attend the con- it was impossible for the wage earners ities of big businae; ference at all, and there were few repre- to purchase in sufficiently large quanti- 1. Have denied the principle of indus- senatatives of big business. This is ties to give agriculture and industry a trial cooperation with labor as promul- apparently public notice served on the healthful volume of production. gated by Coordinator George L. Berry. United States government that big busi- "Child labor must be abolished so that 2. Have thrown more than 500 law- neos does not intend to embark upon a in non-hazardous occupations no one taits against the government and its policy of co-operation but is pressing under 16 years of age can be employed, legal agencies. and no one under 3. Have declared iS years of age open war against in hazardous occu- regulation of any Two Sphe res Overlap pations. kind such as pre- "Hours of labor scribed by the Guf- The two Spheres-Man- should be mate- fey Coal ACt, the agement and Labor - are rially reduced through voluntary National Labor finding that hey have much Relations Act and agreements by the Securities Act in common, especially when employers. Where 4. Have in one labor is given opportunity to a3 ~ this method fails, then state and fed- instance sought to make technic;al contribution break up byrowdy- eral legislation be- ism duly and prop- to industry- to share in the AteI~ comes necessary. erly called goven- romance of mnnanagement. It ' The question of all meatne.r evreerieconferences. ceR is no wonder that the idea of wages may 5. Have nabo- be outside of the taged recovery by union co-operative manage- field of legislation, delaying co-opera- ment is spread ing to other in- but it is necessary that the federal tion with federal dustries, othe r nations for a government in the and state govern- matter of loans, fair trial, in tlhe court of trial ments should pro- relief, etc., and error. vide minimum 6. Have set up wage rates and super-cotunnci I to equally important direct war against that the govern- government. the class struggle with all its power and ment in its purchases should not enter 7. Have organized the greatest lobby might into contracts with employers who fail to in the history of the United States to However, some of the larger indus- pay the prevailing rate of wage estab- cripple legislation protecting the gen- tries did co-operate with the conference. lished through voluntary agreement eral welfare of the republic. These were representatives from the between employers and their organized The state of mind of big business was tobacco trades, river and harbor im- employees. vividly revealed by the conference, or provnement section of the construction "As organization is as essential to the lack of it, on industrial co-operation group, wholesale and retail food distri- wage earners as to employers, and as called by Coordinator George L. Berry bution, fabricated leather products, many employers refuse to permit their in December. The high point of the electrical supply and machinery, heem- employees to organize for their self- whole week was reached when a repre- icahl and a few others. protection, it is essential that federal sentative of a trade association jumped In contrast to the lawlessness of big agencies should exist for the purpose of on a seat in a government auditorium, business was labor's policy. Every guaranteeing and protecting labor's harangued the crowd, in an attempt to group within the conference was repre- right to organize and to be represented take over the meeting and created uproar sented by a labor official. The Metal by labor organizations of their own and confusion. He called the presiding Trades Council of the American Federa- choosing. government official a liar, he refused to tion of Labor issued the following im- "As experience indicates the necessity subside when he was ruled out of order, portant statement on industrial co- for federal legislation regulating prac- and when told to go and hire a hall, he operation in its relationship to govern- tices and industrial conditions, including summoned the crowd to make a demon- ment at the time of the meeting called minimum wages and maximum hours in stration on the front steps of the govern- by Major Berry: certain industries, we are convinced that ment building. This was only a dramatic "American wage earners are vitally additional measures of this kind should episode which served to reveal the poli- interested in stability of industry, sta- be enacted by Congress, such legislation cies of big business in reference to bility of employment, and the right to to be based upon the principles of offi- industrial co-operation. have a voice in connection with terms of cial recognition of labor embodied in the More than 2,000 persons attended this employment and conditions of labor. Railway Labor Act, which have been sus- meeting called by Major Berry. These "For 12 years there has existed an tained by decisions of the United States were representatives, however, chiefly of industrial situation which has thrown Supreme Court. workers and managers. Possibly 8,000 millions of wage earners out of employ- (Corthi"rl red ]npig 411 January, 1936 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators 11 Mr. Emery, Shall We Page Mr. Mulhall?

$sWvHETHER we like it or not, Now in December in the year of grace 1935, the Manufacturers Association industry much against its will Latest move of National Manu- has been forced in sheer self- has issued a platform and creed which defense to enter the political arena or facturers Association fools no one should be scanned by every American be destroyed as a private enterprise." who recalls devious political ad- citizen. The central plank of this plat- form is "private ownership and control Thus, Clinton 1.. Pardo, president of the ventures of that reactionary body. National Association of Manufacturers, of the facilities of production, distribu- announced to the United States that his tion, and living are recognized aa easen- association, which has been in politics tial to the preservation of individual since its inception, would enter the committees in the House including those liberty and progress. Ownership or political field. on labor and judiciary legislation. control of these facilities by the govern- James Emery, general counsel for the 5. For its aggrandizement the Aso- ment make for a planned economy and a National Manufacturers Association, ciation caused to be created the Tariff static society and autocracy." seconded Mr. Bardo's remarks, and since Commission in the Taft administration Labor will get a smile from this the meeting of the association in Decem- 6. That financial reward for services declaration: "Under the American sys her these pious and pompous words of performed for the association was acta- temr all the agencies of production, land the two industrial leaders have elicited and labor, capital and management, are much levity fr.l coulllventator.. Nes- free to create wealth, produce economic papers have already been ungracious goods and to seek openings for enter- enough to recall the Molhall episode prise in open competition with all which in 1913 shocked the United others." Labor will wonder how free States a good deal as the Teapot Dome it is to engage in free enterprise and incident shocked the country 10 years free competition with the National later. Manufacturers Association when this In 1913 Martin M. Muihall. self-styled organization perpetually opposes the field agent of the National Manufac- organization of workers. turer. Association, gave a series of writ- The individualism of the pronounce- ten confession s to the New York World. ment is further stressed: lie turned over to the New York World "Ildividual achievement, self reliance about that time about 20,000 letters and and thrift are the foundations of prog- documents showing the widespread activ- ress and security. The opportunities and ities of the National Manufacturers inducements for the individual to ad- Association in corrupting members of vane and attain true security through the U. S. Congress and even the Presi- his own ambition, ability and effort must ,lent of the United States. be preserved and expanded. These op- This series of articles began in the portunities must be promoted by policies World, Sunday, June 29, 1913. There- which remove the obstructions to re- upon a selected committee from the employment in productive enterprise. House of Representatives made an in- "Under the American system govern- vestigation of the charges, in accord ment has no valid sanction to use its with a resolution introduced in the taxing power to penalize thrift and suc- House expressing the aim of the investi- cess; to impose unnecessary burdens upon gation thus: "to determine whether the people by unwarranted expansion of lobbyists of the said National Manufac- governmental activities: to destroy the turers Association or of the said Asso- rights of citizens in the ownership of ciation, or any officer, agent or member JIM EMIRY private property by engaging in compe- He Is known Mie nation over s t, lehader to attempt by indirec- thereof, did in fact reach in influence 4f indlustrial toele. tition with them; either for business, political. or sym- tion what it has not the power to do directly; to coerce the states, local gov- pathetic reasons, or otherwise the said ally paid to James Watson, of Indiana; representatives for any one of them."' ernments, and individuals into aceep- James T. MDermott, of Illinois; John J. The proceedlings of this select committee tane of its dictates upon matters not filled four large volumes. Jenkins, of Wisconsin; Kittridge Hu.- delegated to it by the Constitution; or to At that time James A. Emery, counsel kine, of Vermont; Charles E. Littlefield, attempt changes not within its province of the National Manufacturers, was of Maine; Henry M. Bunn, of Ohio; J. J. under the Constitution. called by Mulhall "chief of the lobby." Gardner, of New Jersey; Ralph B. Cole, "Excessive taxation is a burden on pro- Here is a summary of the charges of Ohio. duction; it increases costs and reduces brought by Mulhall, which never were Senator Nelson, of Minnesota; J. standards of living. Many of those who substantially refuted: Adam Bede and men even higher up never see a tax bill pay a large part of were tarred in Mulhall's charges of the total taxes in the cost of what they 1. The National Manufacturers Asso- undue influence. About 50 other public buy. Taxation for wasteful or unpro- ciation posed as a non-political organ- officials were involved. Mulhail stated ductive uses destroys buying power, cur- ization. that among his activities he was to plant tails production and reduces the oppor- 2. It was in fact a political organiza- spies in labor unions, to ,eek It il- tunities for empluyneit. It bars the tion purely and simply, and for 10 years credit labor officials, that he was sup- way to prosperity. secretly played an important role in pro- plied with $40,000 with whieh to bribe "Government spending without pro- moting tariff, anti-labor and general Samuel Oompers and failing in this vision for its financing except by a con- business legislation. sought to secure a secret meeting be- stantly expanding public debt, postpones 3. The creature and instrument of thn tween Gompers and thie president of the the day of reckoning, unfairly the bur- National Manufacturers Association was National Manufacturers Association, at den of taxation on to the future, and the National Council of Industrial which time Gompers was to be surprised arouses fear of impending disaster. Un- Defense. by witnesses and stamped as a traitor tien such policies there inevitably comes 4, So powerful was the lobby headed to labor. lie disbursed all in all about a time when the government can no by Em.ery that the association often $200,000 in this purpose of corruptling longer support spending by taxation or mnlraaged to secure control of important labor unions,. by the sale of its securities." 12 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators January, 1936 El Paso Case Exemplifies Utility Policy

BEING prosecuted for the violation own direct supervision, to transfer the of the National Labor Relations Act, El Paso Electric Company pre- matter to the Board, which action it the El Paso Electric Company xer- deems necessary in order to effectuate the cised an old lawyer's trick by seeking to fers law suits to fact-finding; purposes of the National Labor Relations prosecute the Labor Board. This is the class warfare to cooperation; Act, view of the case of the El Paso Electric high legal costs to economy. "Now, therefore, it is hereby ordered Company vs. the International Brother- that, pursuant to the powers vested in hood of Electrical Workers, now in the the Board under the National Labor Re- federal courts in El Paso, that is held in lations Act and Section 35 of Article II Washington. The chronology of the ease transfer to Washington. There follows of National Labor Relations Board Rules reveals the company's strategy. in full the text of the National Labor and Regulations, Series I, dated Septem- Local Union No. 585, of the Interna- Relations Hoard's order to transfer the ber 14, 1935, this proceeding be and it is tional Brotherhood of Electrical Work- ease and the response to this order sent hereby transferred to and continued be- era filed charges with the Regional Labor as a communication by the International fore the Board, and the complaint issued Board, Fort Worth, Texnas, in October. Office to the National Labor Relations against the El Paso Electric Company Charges were duly investigated by the Board: under date of November 8, 1935, is hereby Regional Labor Board and complaint quashed and the proceedings commenced filed, The National Labor Relations "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA thereunder hereby terminated; that the Board set the hearing for November 18 "NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS proceedings commenced under a petition at El Paso, While the company's chief BOARD for certification of representatives, filed counsel filibustered for two days, Dillon October 31, 1935, pursuant to Section "In Anderson, a foreign lawyer, of Houston, the matter of 9(a) of the Act and heard simultaneously flew to Waco, Texas, and sought to se- "EL PAso ErrmIc COM'pANy "and with the above described proceedings, be cure an injunction from Judge Boynton, and they hereby are terminated and the federal judge, halting the hearing. The "LoCAL UNION No. 585, of the INraA- order directing an investigation and court refused to issue such an injunction foeNAL BaoRtRaEOOD Or ELCTRICAL hearing thereunder is revoked; and fur- but issued a writ to show cause why the ther, that the order dated November 11, bearing should not be estopped. 19835, designating Philip G. Phillips as The hearing continued for 10 days "Case No. XVI-R-1 and XVI-C-1 Tria} Examiner, is hereby revoked. and the testimony elicited from the eom- "Order Transferring Matter to Board, "Signed at Washington, D. C., this pany's witnesses proved the electrical Quashing Complaint, Revoking Order twelfth day of December, 1935. workers' union case, but the second in- Directing Investigation and Hearing "J. WARREN MADDIEN, junction asked for by the company's and Revoking Order Designating Trial "Chairman, attorneys sought to enjoin the board Examiner. "JOHN M. CARMODY, from issuing a decision. Thereafter in "Member, Waco, on November 29, the company "Whereas a hearing in the above en- "EDWIN S. SMFIT, put in the amended complaint which titled matter was commenced on Novem- (SEAL) "Member." again caused a delay in the case, and the ber 18, 1935, pursuant to a complaint and subsequent hearing was set for El Paso notice of hearing issued by the National "INTERNATIONAL BROTHERHOOD on December 16. At this hearing the Labor Relations Board, by the Regional OF ELECTRICAL WORKERS company again amended the complaint, Director for the Sixteenth Region, based seeking delay-this time bringing suit upon sworn charges filed by the Internsa- "December 13, 1935. for damages against the director of the tional Brotherhood of Electrical Work- "National Labor Relations Board, Regional Labor Board and the vice presi- ers, Local No. 585, and "Washington, D. C. dent of the International Brotherhood of "Whereas the respondent appeared at Electrical Workers. The court con- the hearing, argued a motion to dismiss "Gentlemen: tinned the case until January 5. which was denied, presented objections "ATTENTION: Mr. J. Wanen Madden W. L. Ingram, vice president of the to the form of complaint which were Mr. John Mi. Carmody International Brotherhood of Electrical overruled and evidence going to the Mr. Edwin S. Smith Workers, writing in the Labor Advocate merits of the complaint was taken, and of El Paso, labor paper, estimates that "Whereas subsequently the respondent "We have received today from Bene- the company is spending $250 a day on filed suit in the District Court of the diet Wolf, secretary, order transferring legal fees, all of which are being taken United States for the Western District matter to board, quashing complaint, re- from the pockets of consumers of elec- of Texas, to enjoin the proceeding on the voking order directing investigation and tricity in El Paso. ground of the alleged unonstitutionality hearing, and revoking order designating Scenting the tactics of the El Paso of the Act, and on the ground that the trial examiner. This in case No. XVI Electric Company, the National Labor Regional Director and Regional Attorney R-1 and XVI C-l. Relations Board, acting within its rights instituted this proceeding in bad faith in "This order becomes a matter of great under the Act, quashed the original com- conspiracy with union officials for the surprise to officials of the International plaint against the company and trans- purpose of creating discord among the Brotherhood of Electrical Workers. In ferred the ease to Washington. The Na- employees of the El Paso Electric Cornm- keeping with the requirements and regu- tional Labor Relations Board, in making pany, and lations, Series 1, and rules and regula- this transfer, made it clear that the "Whereas without in any manner ad- tions of the National Labdr Relations board's action should not in any manner mitting the truth of the allegations of bad Board, this organization filed in due be construed as admitting the truth of faith against the Regional Director and course a complaint against the El Paso the allegations of bad faith. Regional Attorney, but in order to rr- Electric Company with the Regional La- The board is expected to hear the move any possible ground for objection bor Board at Fort Worth. These charges case itself. However, the constitution- in that regard, and to take to itself the were duly investigated by the official of ality of the National Labor Relations investigation of the entire matter, the the Regional Labor Board. Complaint Act is to be tested before the United Board considers it desirable to quash the was issued against the El Paso Electric States Supreme Court at an early date. said complaint heretofore issued herein Company; a hearing was assigned as of The International Brotherhood of Elec- under the National Labor Relations Act, November 18; a hearing was held and trical Workers felt that some injustice and for that purpose and for the purpose, full evidence taken. At a great deal of had been done its case, however, by the of investigating the matter under its (Cootinlle on .p.ge S) The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators 13 Tawdry Tale of Kept Press Retold By P. J. KING, Machinists' Union, Boston

Review, "Freedom of the Press," by organized newspaper owners association of America fought and defeated the George Sldes. Bobbs-Merrill Co,, Here is newspaper cavalcade $Z£.Y, New York, N. Y. original Tugwell Bill. with cheap commercialism, servile GREAT many of us resemble Will Fer years medicine manufacturers had Rogers in one thing: "All we know worship at shrine of big business, a clause in all advertising contracts, "it is agreed that this contract is void if any is what we read in the papers." hypocritical piety, and unfairness What Will gained from reading the pa- law is enated by your state restricting pers answered his needs nicely. His light to labor. or prohibiting the manufacture or sale quips never cut deeply and he was well of proprietory medicines." The object of paid by those who were content with this clause was to silence the press and most of buy its support for the medicine men. things as they are. But for the Newspapers had full-page advertise- beyond the The force of this contract forced the us, who read but little meants of this firm--not to sell products "papers,' what we read has an important newspapers to become lobbyists for the of Swift, but solely to defeat government patent-medicine manufacturers when- bearing onour welfare, both present and regulation. Armour and Company were future. ever any public health legislation threat- paying over $2,000 a page to all farm ened, to expose them. WitaL our newspapers contain and how publications of the country--not for ad- powerful forces in the background seek vertisements, but for "special articles." Fear I. Capittalized to control and guide its news is effec- On one occasion the Bethlehem Steel tively exposed by Mr. Sgldes. His book Company, faced with a public demand Psychology has been raided for its use- is deservedly among tihe season's best for a nationally owned armor plant, ran ful commercial information by the adver- sellers in non-fiction. His experiences a series of full-page advertisements in tising men. They learned how to capital- behind the scenes, and intimate contact 3,257 publications, at a cost of millions ize fear and stimulate the battle with the as correspondent on the nation's leading of dollars. It later printed favorable inferiority feeling of the millions they newspapers, qualify him to speak with editorials and news items from the daily intimidate into buying advertised goods is divided facts and authority. His book and weekly newspapers. The advertis- by threatening them with pyorrhea, into four parts: (1) The Romance and ing helped to defeat the project for a na- athlete's foot, bad manners, halitosis, Realities; (2) The Corrupting Influences, tional armor-plate works. nispron.unciation, loss of mIemory and with chapters devoted to the power of Where is the press when a third party body odor. Millions of dollars worth of advertising, bad medicine, utilities, oil, arrives? What does the press do to Pro- face creams, rouges, dentifrices, perfumed big business, propaganda, the 1929 gressive, Farmer-Labor Party, Non- hair tonics are sold each year. A large crash; (3) Source and Forces-Associ- Partisan League and a hundred state and part of the claims are fraudulent, a large New York Times, Hearst and ated Press, local independent party candidates? The part of the product is poisonous, but it the poisonous springs of world news; (4) answer is that the press almost always flourishes, thanks to advertising in the The Struggle for a Free Press the press helps to destroy all but the Republican press-and silence in the press. individlual; Free Press vs. Free and the and Democratic parties. The reason is William Allen White has stated that Labor, battle for press freedom; the roll that the interests of the publishers of the j,,rnalismi was once a profession, a of honor for newspapers and journalists coincide with noble calling, "now it is an 8 per cent who have fought hard for justice and the majority of the newspapers the Interests which control those parties. investment and industry." There are (rushing of injustice; and finally he out- The pure food and drug law of 1906 strong but unseen ties which make a lines the possibilities of a real free press was a necessity. But the press of Amer- great number of the influential organs of In the 1920's millions undergoing dis- public opinion part of the big-business illusion vaguely realized that they had ica, with notable but few exceptions, opposed that law, Today an attempt is set up. Take the case of Whitelaw Rtid been deceived by newspaper war propa- being made to clean up fraudulent ad- and his widow. They owned the old New ganda. In the 1930's the myths of cy- vertising of foods and drugs. The main York Tribune. In 1934 Mrs. Reid showed clical dcpressions and properity-around- that the estate held securities valued at again shook the confidence difference between 1906 and 1934 is this: the-corner In the old days newspapers individually $10,000,000. A number of them were in of the public. Suc, illusions are largely supported the medicine men; in 1934 the (Con1litlld Orpisge 30) erestled by powerful forces which do not want the facts, from the millionaire di- vore to a war scare, presented truth- fully. Although we keep repeating great phrases which have become platitudes- that the bulwark of our liberties is the free press: that freedom springs from unensored printing; that war and peace and a new deal for all men depend largely on public opinion and informa- tion; that our daily lives and the future of international relations are ordered by the new estate, the fourth, which has be- come more important than state and church and armed forceswe still re- main ignorant or indifferent to the power which shapes our destiny. Examples of Cash Influence iere are a few examples of the cor- ruptin influences of advertising: When lUpton Sinclair exposed the horrors of <,%1*i0 rPl~l\:\l*N·CII S11-O · * il 'Ia the Jungle in Chicago, Swift and Com- pany spent millions of dollars a month to defeat regulating bills in Congress. T'i[l alIADOW OF PR(O PAGANDA P]TACI(ENSrTlEI'A],PAES OF THE PRESS 14 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators January, 1939 L. U. Enters Field of Consumption Economics

A DD $20.00 per week to vorkers' $12.00 per month. The electrical worker salaries and increase the purchas- Alabama Power Company and his family could double their rerera- ing power of 40,000,000 workers tion money under the new budget. Now 5$8,200,000,000 per year," declares W. P. group through W. P. Clark they have the meager sum of $500 per Clark, union employee of the Alabama throws white light on the value month for recreation which could hardly Power Company. '"Lift the present per of increased purchasing power. give a family of five a movie each week. month salary of $110.00 to $190.00 per Under the new budget they could allow month, and workers will raise their own themselves $10.00 per month for standard of living in necessary fields to recreation. levels that will reflect back into nearly average of our citizenship lives today on Another item of great interest is the every important industry in the nation. what would be called by the medical fra- item set aside for dairy produce. Milk Where workers now have no money at all ternity a third-class diet. If the country should be a substantial part of any diet. for insurance. they could budget their lived on a second-class diet we would need Under the old budget only $3.00 per living expenses so as to include $15.00 to put many more acres than we use today month is allowed for dairy produce, but per month for insurance to be creating back into the production of foodstuffs for under the new budget $8.00 is allowed. an estate that would further stabilize the domestic consumption. If the nation So the story goe, a dramatic story told economic order." lived on-a first-class diet we would have by figures. Sound.. Experience Iavolnd to put more acres than we have ever cultivated into the production of an addi- THE OUTSHINING OCCASION The study made by this group of eee- tional supply of things for Americans to trical jorkers has significance because it eat. "WiKe guys and lovely dolls" are getting is based upon sound knowledge of actual ready for the big party L. U. No. 292, Minne- "Why, speaking in broad terms in fol- apolis, puts on each year. It will be hold monthly expenses now incurred by men lowing up this particular illustration, February 1 at Cataract Hall, 107 Fourth on the lower salaries. It is authentic. are we living on a third-class diet? For Stteet S. E, A seven-piece orchestra has No one would say that $25.00 is much for the veryT simple reason that the masses been engaged. Eletrieal decorations are food for one month for any family, but of the American people have not got the always the big feature of thefe parties. that is what the man on the $110.00 per purchasing power to eat more and better month salary is now spending. He can- food." not possibly give his wife and children a A MERRY CHRISTMAS TO liberal diet on this budget. Would Boo.t Electric Sales STOCKHOLDERS The Alabama group of electrical work- Since November 1 ovr 140 industrial cor- ers no doubt had in mind the words of the The electricity items on the budget porations declared extra or special diburse- President of the United States spoken at should be of interest to the owners of the ments in addition to established dividend Atlanta, November 29: Alabama Power Company. The present payments. The extras amounted to more "I think it is of interest to point out budget allows $2.00 per month for elec- than $113,500000, Auto companies were that national surveys prove that the tricity, but the revised budget allows particularly liberal.

$110,00 Per Month Salary $190.00 Per Month Salary

Necessities Pot. of Amount Pct. o/ Amount of life or to each mats to sach snrmaBudnt industry Budget salary industry Budget salary industry Difference

House ------$15.00 13.63 $600,000,000 $25.00 13.70 $1,040,000,000 $440,000,000 Groceries ---- 25.00 22.70 1,000,000,000 40.00 21.00 1,595,200,000 595,200,000 Water ------1.00 .91 40,000,000 1.00 .58 40,000,000 Electricity .--- 2.00 1.82 80,000,000 12.00 6.30 478,800,000 398,800,000 Lunches ..... 5.00 4.59 201,500,000 7.00 3.65 279,000,000 77,500,000 Deferments -- 25.00 22.70 1,000,000,000 35.00 18.36 1,395,000,000 395,000,000 Recreation -.- 5.00 4.59 201,500,000 10.00 5.25 399,000,000 197,500,000 Fuel -.-----. 7.00 6.35 279,000,000 7.00 3.65 279,000,000 Dairy produce 3.00 2.73 119,000,000 8.00 4.20 317,500,000 198,500,000 Drygoods .... 15.00 13.63 600,000;000 20.00 10.25 779,000,000 179,000,000 Gasoline .--- 7.00 6.35 279,000,000 10.00 5.25 399,000,000 120,000,000 Insurance -..... 15.00 7.86 598,500,000 598,500,000

Totals .....$110.00 100.00 $4,400,000,000 $190.00 100.00 $7,600,000,000 $3,200,000,000 January,1936 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators 15 Reform of Industry Must Start with Standards By OTTO A. FREDERICKSON

E developed '"plug-in strip" just and is listed by them. Itwillprevent over- W pior to the last electrical eonomit- Engineer for National Electric loading circuits, overfusing and tamper- te meeting, in March, 1935. The ing with pennies, tinfoil, copper wires, e lectrical committee coasidered the sub- Products Corporation pleads for etc. It will catch present dangerously ject and adopted for its use Section 2003, an all-industry approach to overloaded circuits. It will allow proper paragraph E, in the 1935 National Elc- common problems of supplying and. necessary convenience plug-ins and, tricel Code, which reads as follows: at the same time prevent dangerous over- "Where approved multi-outlet assem- consumer with adequate wiring loading of branch circuits. It will re- hli.es are enployed, every live feet or systems. Labor considered. quire proper, safe and adequate circuit- frettion thereof of each separate and ing. In short, it will properly perform continuous length shall be considered as its function of the safety valve of the one outlet in lieu of the actual r.umhber electrical system as required by the na- of outlets provided by the raceway." vided by this system are for convenience tional electrical and local codes. Now we confidently believe that this of position, yet it is possibleNof course to The other safety feature required by material is going to be the biggest item overload this strip and the circuits feed- electrical codes throughout this country or plan of wiring for adequacy (giving ing it, just as it is possible to overload is the ground clamp on tihe street side of the public an outlet distribution systemn), present circuits, andyou, gentlemen, are the meter. This is to provide for an ade- or it will be a very bad item for the dec- more aware of the present overloaded cir- quate path for the flow of current im- thieal industry. That difference (whether cuits and the dangers therefrom than we pressed on the wiring system due to short this material is to be a boom or a detri- are. Proper fuse protection is the answer circuits to ground, faulty wiring, and ment) depends on you people,e the in- to this and we hope that proper fuse pro- the like, but unless the wiring system is spector, the contracttor, and the worker. teetion is here and will be available in the properly installed, unless the connections, If this material is properly marketed non-tamperable plug fuses and the non- joints, etc., are properly maintained, and through electrical channels, and we will interclangeable 0-15 and 16-30 ampere unless good material is used that will do our part in that, properly installed classifications of fuses as set up in Sec- withstand installation damage, aging, with adequate circuiting, and properly tion 804 of the 1935 Electrical Code. weathering, etc., to form and maintain a protected and inspected with proper non- The indications are that this fuse will be low resistance current path to ground, tIWperahile fusing properly grounded on the market shortly with the support of the protection afforded by the ground and the grounding maintained through the fuse industry. We have here some clamp is rendered useless and the cost of good materials, then this article-plug-in circulars for distribution. This non-tam- it and its installation is only something strip-will be a boon to the electrical perable fuse has passed the test and in- being foisted on the public. There are a industry. It will provide adequacy and spection of Underwriters' Laboratories let of very poor (I can even say rotten") therefore eliminate the neces- wiring materials being sold to- sity of additional wiring by day-borxes inadequately pro- the unskilled. It will provide tected against corrosion, light, eonvenience and proper placing inaccurately-threaded locknuts of plug-ins and therefore elim- and bushings, unprotected con- inate the use of long, danger- duit threads, couplings, connec- ous, unsightly cords. tors, etc.--which are corroding even before they are installed. Hazards in Low Standards This condition is row setting The preponderant propor- up high resistance joints in the tion of electrical fires and ac- electrical ground path and ren- cidents, from the records of the dering useless this one safe- electrical inspectors, have been guard required by your code. caused by flexible cord wiring These conditions have caused and additional wiring and re- trouble where they exist and pairs to electrical devices done will continue to cause trouble by the unskilled and on which until they are corrected. It is there has been no inspection. because of this condition that Can we eliminate the need for we now find Section 517 in the this with the use of a multi- National Electrical Code. If outlet wiring assembly? This all rubber cord (glorified lamp material has been designed to cord) wiring is suitable for ie installed by the skilled me- damp locations, who can say it chanic. We will merchandise is not suitable for dry loci- it through electEical ebannels. tions? In fact, we qlote from With the electrical contractor the recent Louisiana Rating installling it under proper in- and Fire Prevention Bureau spection, plug-in strip will be news letter of October-Novem- safe. It will be adrquately fed hber,. 1935, as follows: and circuited under rules of the local inspection departments. Down Go Standards We would suggest these rules "The new code will recognize be adopted and written along the use of hocs, cabinets and the lines of floor area as re- fittings made of insulating ma- luted to types of huilding oc- terial for use with a new sys- cuipaney. tem of wiring consisting of an The number of plug-ins pro- approved type of cable sup- · 'hig ddre~ weO givrn feeem- ported on porcelain insulators. h)cr 27, 1c5. at Moll lt rllon, N. Y. NO '' I1I' N A'TNNqSS t1]i' THE [NTI]n11U4t) WIHHNIN IN I(AniflNi!S Such construction is especially to all iladlinee of Fnletmen end nemerptothr of lit' indulstry. ANID 010' tINI q'Is H1NTrRI1N( (AIlLN Vrrs C(ntIn. lle. elieg e 38) 16 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators January, 1936 Labor Unions Back Peace Mandate

T WENTY-FIVE important labor Michael J. McDonough unions of the American Federation Aid in circulating petition seek- Paul M. Peterson of Labor have circulated the people's Emil Rieve mandate to governments asking for the ing 50 million signatures. Viewed Rose Schneiderman mobilization of world opinion against as new attitude toward war. Robert J. Watt war. These unions are: Marks international movement. Max Zaritsky Amalgamated Association of Street Railway Employees. The types of letters being sent out by American Federation of Teachers, labor unions are exemplified in the American Flint Glass Workers' Union. This particular branch of the world following: Bakery and Confectionery Workers' movement is being conducted by Mrs. Grand Lodge International Union. Eleanor Fowler of the Women's Interna- Brotherhood of Railway and SteamshipClerks Brotherhood of Railway Clerks. tional League for Peace and Freedom. Brotherhood of Railway Clerks Building Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters. Cincinnati, Ohio Cigar Makers' International Union of File 461-43 America. SUBJECT: Resolution No. 43 Coopers' International Union of 1935 Convention North America. George M. Harrison, Full Fashioned Hosiery Workers Grand President. Cincinniati, Ohio, Union. October 8, 1935. Hotel and Restaurant Employees' In- ternational Alliance. All Secretaries of Ltoal Lodges: International Brotherhood of Pulp, Dear Sir and Brother: Sulphite and Paper Mill Workers. World conditions that in May of this year International Glove Workers Unioni presaged the advent of world war and of America. prompted our New Orleans convention to International Ladies Garmenet Work- pass resolutions stating the opposition of the ers Union. organization to war have now advanced to a International Union of Elevator point where the possibility of the outbreak Constructors. ofa new world war is imminent. The convention defined the policy of the International Union of Mine, Mill and Brotherhood on the question of war, first, in Smelter Workers. the section of international relations of International Union of Operating Resolution No. 1, and second, in Resolution Engineers, No. 43. In furtherance of the policy therein Journeymen Barbers' International declared, I am enclosing a petition in oppo- Union. sition to war being circulated by the Wo- National Federation of Post Office men's International league for Pece and Clerks, Freedom. This petition is being circulated in New York Joint Board of Amaiga- most every nation in the world and is an mated Clothing Workers. attempt to inform the rulers of all nations of the opposition of the mass of citizens to Sheep Shearers' Union of North war as a moans of settling differences be- America. tween nations. United Hatters, Cap and Millinery To secure additional copies and in mailing Workers. LETANOUROWLRL A mmber of the unloc moement, Mes. these petitions after they are filled out, you United Leather Workers International rowler lue4. yonlnan wurk In behalf of pence. are rqueosted to conm wnieatedirectly with Union. the sponsoring organization at the address United Mine Workers. printed on the bottom of the face of the She is assisted by a labor committee in- petition. Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen. eluding the following: Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen. It will be my purpose to Co-operate with all organizations whose efforts are directed to- The mandate states: Mary Anderson ward ffectuating the policies set out by We, the people, are determined to end Harry C, Bates convention re.olutions. war. War settles no problems. War William Bryan Ftrnally submnitted, brings economic disaster, needless suf- John P. Burke Gtsot M. B hsN, fering and death to us and our children. Thomas E. Burke Grand President. To meet the present threat of com- William Brandt c--Grand lodge 0fficer. plete world chaos Elisabeth Chriatman co-General Chairmen. We demand that our government hav- James J. Doyle ing renounced war in the Kellogg- David Dublnsky Kansas City, Mo., Briant pact James A. Duncan November 8, 1935. Hugo Ernst To the Officers and Members, Ltcal Branches, Stop immediately all increase of United Leather Workers' International armaments and of armed forces. Frank Feeny Union. Use existing machinery for peaceful M. J. GiIlooly Orcetingt settlement of present conflicts. Francis Gorman As individuals, and as an organization, we Secure a world treaty for immediate J. J. Handley are endeavoring to do our bit in helping to reduction of arms as a step toward George M. Harrison secure 50 million signatures to the "People's complete world disarmament. M. H. Hedges Mandate to Governments" to end war. With Secure international agreements Robert Hesketh this in mind we are enlosin herewith a petitiion setting forth its purposes and will founded on recognition of world inter- Charles F. Hollopeter request that you circaulto it among your dependence to end the economic anarchy Gilbert E. Hyatt members for their signatures. which breeds war. Leo Krzcki This petition is being circulated in almost As we sign this mandate, people in all George W. Lawson every nation of the world, and is an attempt countries of the world are signing it John C. Lawson to inform the roler of all nations of the with us, united in the determination to Christian M. Madson opposition of the mass of citizens to war. secure perm anent reace. William D. Mahon (Conilnued on page 4t) January, 1936 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators 17 Rail Unions Fire First Guns in Campaign

The Railway Labor Exec.utive' Aaso- of that once prosperous road, as was fol- cition for Goverrn ent Ownership of Ask Congress to take transpor- lowed in the wrecking of the Denver and Railroads will bring the following conm- Rio Grande some 15 years previous. munication before Congress tbhis month: tation system out of control of As the result of those practices not absentee owners. Declare they only are the investors jeopardized, but, To the ncmsber, of the Rouse and Senate are speaking not only for labor, as testified by the president of the St. of the Seventy-fourth Coopress. Louis and San Francisco Railway, the HE organizations nad below, but investors. syphoning of reserves and funds of the T epresented in the Railwy .labor road to Wall Street caused a lack of Executives' A ssoeia tinn respect- funds for maintenance, he stating that fully offer for your consideration the "We had as high as 25 rail breaks in 24 followingz Rio Grande Railroad Company petition- hours because of old rails.'" During the depression it has become ing the interstate commerce committee Thus, it appears, not only were the increasingly clear that isolated efforts to of the Senate for a searching investiga- fortunes of investors jparfdied by the deal with different aspects of railway tion into how that great sad once pros- manipulati,,s If t4he Wal Strett finan- difficulties do not reach to the core of the perous system was looted by Wall Street ciers, but also were tile lives of employees

WOODROW WILSON IN 1918 ON RAILROADS It was necessary that the administration of the railroads should be taken over by the government so long as the war lasted. It would have been impossible otherwise to establish and carry through under a single direction the necessary priorities of shipment. It would have been impossible otherwise to combine maximum production at the factories and mines and farms with the maximum possible car supply to take the products to the ports and markets; impossible to route troop shipments and freight shipments without regard to the advantage or disadvantage of the roads employed; impossible to subordinate, when necessary all questions of convenience to the public necessity; impossible to give the necessary financial support to the roads from the public treasury. * * * Exceptional circumstances and exceptional methods of administration were not needed to convince us that the railroads were not equal to the immense tasks of transportation imposed upon them by the rapid and continuous development of the industries of the country. We knew that already. And we knew that they were unequal to it partly because their full co-operation was rendered impossible by law and their competition made obligatory, so that it has been impossible to assign to them severally the traffic which could best be carried by their respective lines in the interest of expedition and national economy.

railroad problem, nor permanently settle financiers and then sold at a receivers and the traveling public placed in jeop- any of those difficulties. The basic abuses sale for $5,000,000. ardy by their greed and desire for in inherent in present control by banking A detailing of that affair is not neces- creased profits. interests, more intent on "milking" the sary here; the facts in that case are well We cite these facts to show that so long roads than in rendering the service known and it is only necessary to note as the roads are used as chips in a finan- which railroads are capable of rendering, that millions of dollars were lost by sav- cial poker game-the cards being stacked show that isolated efforts to settle par- ings banks, trustees, and widows and or- against the little fellow-there can result ticular difficulties have not reached to phans whose money had been invested in only increased difficulties for the rail- the causes of the general railway the securities of the road. roads, and a continuation of practices distress. instances of a similar nature could be which endanger the equities in the roads It is alleged that the banking and adduced, covering years before 1921 and of insurance companies, educational in- financial interests who control railroads since down to the present, which show stitutions, mutual savings banks, philan- of today, are less prone to indulge in the that the leopard of finance has rot thropic institutions and, last but cer- practices that were responsible for the changed its spots--or practices. tainly not least, the indlividual investor difficulties which railroads faced in other Early in this year of grace, 1935, an who, in many instances, has his all in the days. The facts, however, show that the investigation into the affairs of the St. securitiei uf Lti ruairuadh. allegation is based more upon a desire to Louis and San Francisco Railway, or- That banker control of your roads, confuse than a readiness to admit facts. dered by a federal district court, shows with its constant demand for rake-offs, Going back to 1921, we find 6,000 vie- practically the same practices followed has caused and causes continuous loss of timnized stockholders of the Denver and by Wall Street financiers in the wrecking (ColUliued on page 40) I - -

18 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators January, 1936 New Radio Union Recalls Magnificent Past By DR. CHARLES S. WEISS, Organizer and Business Manager. L. U. No. B-1004

is a craft that was ushered fortitude to carry the torch of the worker OURS an era when such action invited ostra- into being by the magic wand of Technical and labor ancestors in progress. In the prompter's box, on cism and persecution. As we rise on the the colossal proscenium of the world, create background for radio ladder of unionistic doctrine, we must stood the scintillant Marconi, and clus- craftsmen. Honorable hlatory never forget those who, in the face of teroted about him, in effulgent array, were reviewed. threat and durance vile, had the courage such luminaries as Heinrich Hertz, Clerk to construct rung after rung. Maxwell, Joseph Henry, Thomas A. Edi- As to the identities of the other mem- son, David Hughes. Sir Oliver Lodge, G. hers of that group--the other figures W. Pick, G. W. Pierce and Dr. Lee De organize was clearly indicated. Our who shared with Owen a prominent niche Forest. Some of these beloved geniuses legal system is based upon that of Eng- of that giant prompter's box--their were there in the flesh, their brilliant land, and thereafter our American judges names are legion. Suffice it to say that minds occupied with intricate problems felt safe in frowning upon any legisla- many in that galaxy were pioneers in in physics and speculation regarding the tion designed to deprive our workers of the Anmerican labor movement. And if any feasibility of television. Others, long the right to unionize, you want to know the philosophies of dead in human form, glowed against a of these men all you have to do is to con- shadowy background in the awe-inspiring Ho..norablie Past Recalled sider the very important fact that we habiliments of immortality. were organized under the precious gol- And to the right of these, in a galaxy I mention Owen and his memorable falon of the American Federation of of equal splendor, were other noble fig- stewardship in the vineyard of organized Labor. ures, some in flesh and others in the labor because he was a pioneer in the As organizer and business manager of glinting armor of the giants of the realm of unionism; because he had the B-1004, I feel that we are facing a bril- Elysian fields; but all of them liant future. The radio, as were the founders or defend- an instrument and as a vital ers of the sacred cause of factor in our national life, is organized labor. One of these so big a subject that any ade- was Robert Owen, who has quate description of its true been hailed as the leader of significance would require the this and that school of philoso- writing of many pages. Con- phy or political science but sider, then, the importance of who was, first, last and always, the radio technician, the man the true friend of the work- who maintains this instrument ingnan. We owe no fealty and enables it to render a whatever to the Owen who maximum of service. dealt in utopianistic dreams; Television is not far off. nor are we beholden to the When it arrivtes, and a tele- Owen who established the visor is installed in almost "model community" at New every American home, the de- Harmony, Ind.; but that we mand for the genius of the must ever feel indebted to radio technician will increase; him for his self-sacrificing he will come face to face with efforts in behalf of the early new horisons, new challenges trade unions is one of the in- to his craftsmanship. controvertible facts of our I want to state, in this con- glorious history. When cer- nection, that technicians are tain factors of the industrial craftsmen and that, therefore, revolution threatened to re- they are in favor of the crafts duce the worker to the status union as opposed to the in- of a vassal trade unionism dustrial union. The latter rose on the jagged parapet of system, as I see it, is a case of the trenches of hopelessness confusion worse confounded, as the wage-earner's only sal- with thtse in control, by vir- vation. And when the English tue of numbers, conducting Parliament passed laws mak- a veritable oshlocracey. The ing it a high crime for work- smaller units are practically era to become affiliated with unrepresented, and it is unions, Robert Owen waged a another case where taxation mighty battle and jeopardized (in the form of dues) without life, limb and liberty until representation is tyranny. such unthinkable provisions This system is just as unde- were repealed. Through his sirable now as it was in 1776, unselfish devotion to the cause and it shall always be anath- of the oppressed worker, the ema to every true lover of ugly doors of many a grim liberty. Under the crafts bastile opened wide and re- system of unionism, however, turned to society those whose each union has the power of only overt acta consisted of expression and the guarantee holding cards of membership of autonomy. This is as it in trade organizations. should he; any other set-up With those egregious laws smacks of state communism, repealed in parliament, the fascism, or worse. American worker's right to IEV VISION [g ISgTINEl TO ADD TO RAIT)0' LAURELTS. ICon,,nlll on P.,( i! January, 1936 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators 19 Restricted Production, World Phenomenon By W. L. SHORT, L. U. No. 353

AY I have tile hospitalty of your equaled by national dividends paid from Molumns for the following state- Pigs in Denmark; coffee in the day you are born till the day you die. ments to communicate to my The Alberta Government has decided Brother members of the I. B. E. W, con- Brazil; lambs in New Zealand; to issue a $25 monthly dividend to every corning the economic crisis that con- corn in United States all indicate man and woman resident, anml it must be fronts our great countries of the United serious sickness of capitalism. So- spent in the month it is issued, thus doing States and Canada as it is today? away with the evil of hoarding. We art now Ipassing through the cial credit explained. This dividend is paid out regardless Christian era of "warshiping the golden of any other income which they may be calf.' re"civing. In reference to unemploy- The greatest majority of our popula- ment, every able bodied person must ac- tion are striving to achieve the same ob- The facts prove clearly that the pres- eopt employment if available. and if they jective which through these chanacs with ent system, while it does function to pro- refuse, the dividend is automatically can- the aid of secience and invention of oua duce wealth, does not seem to be highly celled. Ulder this system, one may machine age has caused the speiding up efficient in regard to its distribution [he think it will cause inflation but it will be of prouction far beyond o consunli-. present economic system embodies three taken care of by the mathematically cal- tion, with the result gat abundancr integrated and subsidiary systems, culated just price. of goods and foods alongside of poverty namely, (i) the producing system; (2) I)ouglas social credit covers such a This condition is anieort wide. the financial system; (3) the consuming wide territory in economic theories it is Thus thle situatin has sided in bring- system, You will notice Brother Shy- impossible for the writer to outline all ing on this so-called depression which has lock is always chiseling in between. the details in this letter and if any read- brought about the great problem of labor Another new solution is now being ers are desirous of delving into social being unemployed, and to put these brought to light to overcome unemploy- credit theories further, I would refer amsses at anythilng to create production ment and poverty by the people of the them to the Social Credit Publishing at the present time would only add to the province of Alberta, Canada, who within Company, 650 Richard St., Vancouver, present surplus. the last three years formed study groups B. C., Canada. A great effort to overcome these condi- for the purpose of studying economy and Well, Brothers, this is my first attempt tions was sabotage, Quotes from British social credit with the result that they at writing to the I. B. E. W. JOURNAL press from period of 1933 to 1935: In have so much confidence in the Douglas and I hope it will meet with your ap- 1933 the Danish government burned social :redit theories that they nominated proval. I have been a constant reader of 5,000 cattle a week in special incinera- and elected a social credit government this paper since I joined the union in the tors. These cattle would have supplied under the leadership of Premier William year 1916. the needs of 60,000 for the same period. Aberhart. According to Major C. H. I experienced the boom in the latter Twenty-two million bags of coffee were Douglas contentions and all adherents days of the World War and now I am, en- destroyed in the U. S. A. under NRA; of his theories, it is inevitable under joying the days we call profits not $33,000,000 has been, provided to destroy the present day filanee that natiuual in- prophets-and a manr's popularity is hogs; $350,000,000 to destroy corn pro- come could not equal national production, measured by his $ue.$$. duction, and $102,000,000 to destroy eventually leading to chaos. There must wheat acreage. be sufficient money in the pockets of all BANKERS "A WHIMPERING LOT" In 1934 New Zealand had 500,000 people to buy back the goods they pro- lambs driven Callin, Almerican bankers ,a whining, into the sea and there was duce or industrial wheels slowed down. whimnperin, 2,000,000 tons of sugar held off the Men lost jobs, courageless lot," Ben Diefen mar- hunger and misery fol- doff, Idaho commissioner of finance, said ket every season in recent years. lowed. Under social credit, national in- that the government will be forced to remain British farmers have destroyed mil- come and national production will be in the banking hluainas for a long time. lions of bushels of potatoes to keep up prices. Some 225,000,000 sheep have bee,n slaughtered and destroyed for the same purpose; 1O0,000 barrels of herring had been thrown back into the sea off British ships. Loads of oranges have been dumped into the sea while Christian hit- dren who hadn't eatenl an orange in years looked on from the wharfs. Criminal Sabotage Seen Complete criminal sabotage designed to keep up a decayed, out-of-date systen. Some suggested putting the unmem- ploved to work on public works projects. Two things stand in the way-modern machinery and debt. If public works were to provide work then people must scrap the marvellous modern machines which lightened the burdens of man anid go back to the dark ages. The second obstacle was debt. Great public works sbchemes necessitated bor- rowing. Borrowing in turn meant in- terest and interest meant more taxes. If people are not able to pay their taxes they WIlY DOISNT TOBACCOO COME IN IOR RENTRICTI(ON? IS IT BECAUSl oP Low lose their homes. PRICES TO CONSUdlMERS? I-- -

20 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators January, 1936

explaining the Constitution" sheer usurpation. He looked upon JOURNAL OF Congress as the one department of the government having the right to prescribe rules for the others and he did not think much ELECTRICAL WORKERS of the now sacrosanct Chief Justice Marshall. He called OGMaa Publrahn InfrmaM [~'ohoddrcal Worls Marshall's judicial reasoning "the base prostitution of law by party passions." He went on to explain the great Marshall a little more completely saying, in his hands "the law is Devo..ted of nothing more than an ambiguous text to be explained by his sophistry into any meaning which may subserve his personal to the Organized malice." Cause Labor It might be a good thing to go back to Jefferson, but let us go back to the real Jefferson, not to the stuffed shirt that some of the spokesmen of big business would have us believe existed. Voume XXXV Washington, D. C.. January, 1936 No. I Soapbox Thomas Jefferson also called Chief Justice Who Shall Plan It is apparent tiat the idea of a major Judges Mlarshall, when lie made some of his famous Rnd Control? ilan for the United States does not decisions, a kind of judicial stump orator. easily down. Opponents of economic Unfortunately a great many federal jidg, appear to be planning would have the country believe that there is a choice following in the footsteps of .arshall and are nothing more between planning and non-planning, between free competition nor less than political soapboxes. By their flimsy reasoning and regimentation. This, of cnurse, is a calculated misreading they are doing more to bring the law into disrepute and to of true conditions. The real i.sue of necn onc planning is, undermine the judiciary than all the radicals in the United who shall plan andl control? Planning takes place and has States. taken place in one forre or an.btbr since 1918 in the United In Milwaukee, a federal judge issued an injunction against States, but the planning has been industrial planning designed the National Labor Relations Board with this flimsy definition and directed by big business witlhout check upon itself and of interstate commerce: "If a barber boys a shaving btion solely in the interest of profits. outside of Wisconsin and shaves a custoimer who aftelwards What is taking place is in the nratore of revolt against this hurries and takes a train to ?Iassaclisetts, very obviously the kind of formation of national policies. The national destiny barber is not engaged in interstate commerce. Equally ohvi should not be in the hands of private interests but in the control ously, the Infants Socks Company is not engaged in interstate of the government with checks upon this government through commerce. Congress and through the ballot. Big business does not like By such method of false analog,, any fakehood in the world this kind of planning, but it is the kind of planning that has can be proved and any basis for any kind of judicial decision to be put into effect if democracy is to live in the United States can be laid. Federal judges have degenerated into politicians. and if we are going to avoid the kindl of economic disaster that As politicians they do not deserve the respect of the citizens of we had in 1929. the country, nor can they expect their decisions be respected. The goal of economic planning under government direction is the progressive elevation and maintenance of the standard Yardstick David E. Lilienthal, director of the Tennessee of living of the masses. This has been organized labor's goal In Action Valley Authority, spoke late in December before for 50 years. the American Political Science Association. He appraised the yardstick method and presented facts of signifi- Jefferson Those reactionaries in American life who cance to all Americans. "The cost of generating electricity," By Jefferson are trying to capitalize upon the democracy he said, "forms a very small part of the total cost to the resi- of Jefferson ought to make sure that it is dential consumer or farmer, ranging to about 1/6 to 1/10. not goinlg to be a boomerang in their hands. Mr. Jefferson These generating costs are usually only from 4 inches to 6 was probably the most forward-looking member of the nation's inches of the 36 inches of the yardstick." How does it happen founders and he had an unpleasant way of confounding idol then that rates in the Tennessee Valley Authority are much worshipers and materialistic money mongers. The Jeffersonian lower than the rates charged by private companies? He ex- democrats of 1936 might well recall that Jefferson indignantly plains this and says, "Suppose in your home you pay an average spurned a subpoena issued by the Supreme Court of the United rate per kilowatt hour of 51 mills. This is the national States when he was president, and that he proposed a consti- average. The average among users in the Tennessee Valley tutional amendment limiting federal judges to a term of years Authority is 21 mills, a difference of 30 mills. The disparity, and providing that the president might remove them on a as you see, cannot be accounted for even by several mills dif- two-thirds vote of both Houses of Congress. ference in the Tennessee Valley Authority part of the rate, Mr. Jefferson also had his ideas about the power of the the wholesale rate. One of the chief reasons for this wide United States Supreme Court to declare acts of Congress difference of 30 mills lies in the fact that TVA average unconstitutional. According to Charles A. Beard, America's consumption is more than twice the average through the coun- greatest authority on constitutional history, in the current try." In other words, we are face to face here with the Yale Review, Mr. Jefferson declared the right of "exclusively principle often pointed out in the ELECTRICAL W'ORKERS Ja.nuary, 1936 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators 21

JOURNAl., namely, that when rates are lowered consumption their boots. The Baldwin govcrnient has just proposed increases. Mr. Lii enthal stresses this fact again, "Within government owun rship of the coal industry ill England. 22 months after placing in effect these low rates (a reduction By announcing the government's plan to buy up all coal of about 50 per cent) total residential consumption of mining royalties, Sir Thomas Inskip, attorney general of Great electricity in Tupelo, Miss., increased 267 per cent. In Britain, declared: "It will involve a change of ownerahip and Athens, Ala., after 18 mouthts, there was an inctease of 272 dlirection frnol 4,000 private owners to single public ownership, per cent, and in the same period in two county-wide associa- controlled by the state in the interest of the conmmunity." tions in Alcorn and Pontotoc countics in Mississippi, inlcreases Wben tile great general strike occurred inll Britain in 1926, of 220 per cent and 293 per cent respectively. In New Albany, it grew out of a coal miners' strike, hut it was found that the Miss,, in 12 months, thiere was an increase of 114 per cent, millers could nor leceive a higher wage so lo.g as the royalties andi in Pulaski, Term., after .only II months' operation, an had to he paid to tile dukes and duchesses of the country. Now increase of 128 per centxwhile il Dayton, Ten n., the increase will puliici iwnrsi hip. the $11.00 a wek basic wage of tile was 88 per cent in 10 months." British coalI e is.t is expected to be n ateri ally increased. Low rates bring mass consumption and mass consu..pttOn The ntherl reform relates to abolishing a system of tithes in turn lays a basis for further reduction in rates, bilt private paid by Britlsi farners to the Chlrdci of Enigland. These otilitls do not believe in this law. Why, we never could tithes amion t tn a total of about $11,00,000 a year to the understand . Church if Eiglanl, aubout $5,000,000 to the private owners of tithes rights. It is a hangover fro.. ai medieval day. Merchandising Jii the Naoeim ,er issue of thls publica- Place these two refnrms behindi lle document of the Na- Wiring Systems toin reference was made to a patent ional. I anufact r...s Association if thel, United States, ard assigred to thic Bryant Electric C.ompany do not dioubt ..mr as.setr ti that indiusnrii statesmanship in of Bridigeport, Conn. Reference was made to the patent be- this con try is the i,nves formonf it erllctual life now present cause bhe, application itself assigned as one of the reasons for upon hi.ls planlet. grantring registration the fact that the wiring syst em could be easily and quickly installed by unskilled labor Steady, iTheircnth rear of tie depression has been We have been directly infnrmed by C. W. Abbott, consult- Labor isl.ered in. Despite opmllnstic reports of improve- ing engineer of the Bryant Electric Company, that this was a .iea. ts, workers know that there are still millions bh..lder on the part of altuleuyr who did not understand the of inemnplo yed, and that tile debris, the wastage, the awful technical or economic significance of the wiring system. This costs in life, health and happiness, have not been liquidated. error has been repaired by the Bryant Electric Company, and Labor beholds ii this sevent year tile compact organiza- MIr, Abbott, the inventor of tile system in question, assures tion of big busi les,. its greater mobility, its continued control the JOURNAL that he does not regard his system as one wlhich of vast s.lmsof wealth, its diminishing sense of social responsi- would tend to replace skilled by unskilled labor. T'Ihere is bility, and its granitic opposition to reform., Despite the fact evidence of good will in this regard from the manufacturers that Hitlerism and Fascism have proved failures as solutions of this particular type of wiring as they are selling their to the social problem, American big business appears ready product only through licensed electrical contractors ill cities to experiment with dictatorship in this country. and towns in which electrical contractors are required On the other hand, labor sees gains nmade by social forces. to he licensed, and to competent electrical contractors Labor has conme through America's greatest depression without in cities and towns in which electrical contractors are not serious loss to unions as organizations. Ulnions have greater reqtired to be licensed-and hiere is the nub of the matter- hold up.on the American environment today than ever before. since tihe installation of certain material by incompetent Unionism has more prestige. Unions have more confidence installers would adversely affect the sale of the materials. in their ability to whip economic disasters. Labor also sees TIl ELECTRICAL XWORKxr$s JOURNAL is pleased to have a government in the throes of change, attempting crudely at this explanation by Mr. Abbott, who has been long attached times but attempting to adjust itself to tbe new industry, and to the electrical industry, and is glad to make this explanation to serve thile peolple better. Labor sees the cu-operative idea in as prominent a place in this JOURNAL as the former refer- in industry gr(wing, if not in tbe direction of i biusiness, at vnce, and to note the trend of manufacturers in taking into least in the direction of credit unions, ald consumers' co- Ifull consideration licensed contractors as the best merchandis- operatives, Ilabr sees a better world waiiting to be born. ing medium for their wares. Labor has becnioe aware of the tremendous power in the idea of econonmic plenty, and labor IIIs faiit in America's Conservatives We have often remarked that the natural resources, its industrial equipment, in labor's own skill vs. Conservatives business reactionaries of America are and intelligence, to emerge from scarcity into plenty. the most unintelligent in the world. Labor should also know, if it does not, that nothing can Tlbhey have placed tile United States in a category about a break labor but itself. Internal quarrels, intolerance, mean- generation behind every other country. Contrast them with ness, stupidity, are greater foes than economic disaster and the governing ciss in (rceat Blfldn. antaonistic agencies such as tile Ieag.ue for Industrial Rights, The Baldwin government whichl represents big business in or the ,LibertyLeague. England has itself proposed two reforms that will probably If labor will hew to line in co-operation, it will win to shake tile Sloans, tie Youngs, tihe Swopes and tile Carlisles in greater goals in 1936. 22 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators Janurary, 1956

LABEL, LABEL, WHO'S GOT THE LABEL? y SA.t.LY LUNN WITH indications that the electrical The Phoenix Hosiery Company, of hibition of overtime; a minimum wage W workers' locals in the middle west Milwaukee, Wis., whose products may be which ranges from $28 outside of New are about to try out a campaign to purchased in almost any city, manufac- York to $25 in New York--and an aver- acquaint unionists with our own union tures hosiery for the entire family and age weekly rate in this city, where 80 label, should come a sharpened interest will stamp the union label on any style of per cent of the industry is located, of among their wives and families in label Phoenix hosiery for men, women or chil- $50 for cutters and operators. In New activities generally. In a letter to the dren. If you want your local merchant York cutters and operators receive a JOURNAL, J. F. Schilt, business manager to realize that you are in earnest about minimum of $1 an hour and an average of L. U. No, 713, of Chicago, says that if union label purchases you could certainly of $1.50. The wage seems abnormally a real effort were made to educate our impress it on him by asking him to order high. but because of the seasonal charac- membership as to the value of the union for you a supply of hose stamped with ter of the work, the annual earnings do label he believes that a campaign of that the label. The manufacturer surely not mount to sensational highs. kind would add several thousand miem- would be interested, too. "F. Nathan Wolf, executive secretary bers to the roster of the Brotherhood, Here is the complete list: of the board says: and he forecasts the beginning of such a Children's hose-Rambo-Rgar and "'The constitution of the Recovery campaign among Illinois locals. The Phoenix. Board, Article V, provides that wherever Brotherhood of Electrical Workers has Men's half hose-La-Eel, Weston's, there is a collective agreement, the hours its own union labels, both for union- Best-Maid, Phoenix, Klingtop. and wages provided for in that agree- manufactured lighting fixtures and for Women's hose-Aberle, Berger Emer- ment shall prevail. In the event that a union wiring jobs. When we are talking ald Toe, Best Maid, Blue Moon, Bronze member of the Recovery Board is not in and thinking about union label buying we Lady, Conrad's 42, Dorella, Dorothy Ann, contractual agreement with labor, the don't want to forget that and never lose Esse's Maid, Filace, Finery Coral Band, member is obligated to maintain either an opportunity to boost our own label to Fulton, Gold Stripe, Gotham, Happiness- the minimum standard of wages and other unionist,. In-Every-Step, Heart of Value, Hole- hours established by collective agreement There are two articles of women's proof, Holyoke, Junice, K. T. C., Kitten- in the region, or if such agreement is not wear manufactured under union condi- Trod, Knee-Rite. Lady Helen, La Femme, in existence in the region, then to main- tins which we should have no difficulty Leeds, Longwear, Luxite, Mannings, tain the hours and wages provided for in in finding when we make our purchases, Mantell's, MeCallum Hosiery, Modern the code of fair competition, which was even though they are not strictly union Maid, Onyx, Phoenix, Propper Hsiery, in effect on May 1, 1935. labeled. One of these is silk hosiery, in Rivoli, Rollins Runstop, Ruby Ring, Style "'In order to facilitate enforcement, which so many nationally-known brands Step, Trezure, Tivoli, Valcort, VanUite, the Recovery Board maintains offices, are produced by unionized firms that you Vivanit, Voice of Style, Washington supervised by qualified representatives, can choose from a long list. The other Maid. in the important manufacturing centers is women's coats and suits, in which a The new label on women's coats and throughout the country. In addition, the new label is now being presented, en- suits came into use at the end of 1955, co-operation of the union is a vital factor dorsed by the International Ladies Gar- which means that it will be available on in the enforcement of the wages and ment Workers Union. new garments which come into the stores hours provisions. Complaints are made First let's talk about the hosiery, one in the late winter and spring. It is to the offices and investigators are as- of our frequent and necesary purchases. called the Consumers' Protection Label signed to thoroughly investigate all Each year the American Federation of and is sponsored co-operatively by the complaints.' Hosiery Workers issues a list of trade- ladies' garment workers and their manu- "The Consumers' Protection Label, as marked brands of hose. In this year's facturers. It means that the garment it is called, means that no child labor has folder they say, '"The following brands was made in a sanitary factory where been employed on the garment bearing it; of hoaisrr are all produced by firms who wage standards established by the union that it was made under thes wage stan-um have signed the national labor agreement were paid. This letter which we received wards established by the unions in agree- in the hosiery industry. All of these recently from Bessie Beatty, director of ment with the manufacturers; and that firms afford their workers the highest education of the National Garment Label it was made in sanitary factories where average standards of wpges and condi- Council, will explain more fully: definite standards have been set up and tions the industry can now afford. Prac- "We're delighted that the union is tak- are maintained. tically all union made brands can be had ing an interest in the label, because the "The label is the official insignia of 80 wherever you customarily do your shop- label will never be a success until union to 90 per cent of manufacturers in the ping and in a wide variety of styles and wives, conscious of its importance, have coat and suit industry who are complying prices." learned to demand it when they are out with the rules and are members of the Foremost on the list are makes which shopping for new coats or suits. board. David Dubinsky, of the I. L. G. bear the union label-The Best Maid Silk "When NRA passed out of the picture, W. U., endorses it enthusiastically. Rose Hosiery Company, of Quakertown, Pa., the coat and suit industry, most highly Schneiderman, at a meeting the other sells men's and women's full-fashioned organized branch of the needlework day, said that the label represented not hose with the union label. The Rambo- trades, formed a National Recovery only good labor conditions but superlative Roger Co., at Norriston, Pa., manufac- Board which included representatives of ones. tres Westoh's seadmless half-hose and manufacturers, union labor and the "Ask the wives of union men to demand also a varied line of children's seamless consumer. the label in their stores. It does not add hose with the union label, and the La-Bel "The members pledged themselves to to the price of the garment and it adds Company, of Chattanooga, Tenn., manu- abide by all standards in effect under to the social security of the workers be- factures men's seamless half hose. NRA. They have a 35-hour week; pro- hind the garments." Januawry, 1936 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators 23

WOMEN'S AUXILIARY L. U. NO. 177,. those of her ex are such nitwits they are JACKSONVILLE, FLA. not able to have an auxiliary meeting with- Women's Auxiliary Editor: .ou. reath i a disturbane ill an organiza- We reld with much enthusiasm of the ae- tiou that hlas been functioning for years tivitier o soeru of the melmtber8 of the aus- and years. Thre would be two angles to T Allt Auxiirxry MAenerr: diaries in the organtizttiu w..r. It .. lied that, it might be possible that the member- Now that we've really stated up that, a few aile' ike Mrs. Tnile, of Savannah. it ship of that local is rather weak if they road to success in our auxiliar dtrive, wh wouldn't be long befnr, we would realize "ould be unalsle to overioei,. or perhaps we not give us all a break, and let us know our dia .s about thie auxiliry membership might say be big enough to handle some bit just how many auxiliaries we have? We 100 pel cent. of gossip or fooisih thiin that might arise fleed n Inrepep in oUr auxiltaryc ' ourn+ It Mr. T¶,,le a o te little anl it would mean a,r group of women who dont under- sewrs, as thuugh we ore not taking advn- o nmluh to the work uinhlertaken andil th stand just haow to handle thiinas. pion on rage of the help that tihe Joln'aL, is w ing ihing that is outstandligd u my miind is the boys, and justify all the boast of your abil- to gie us, by printl,. our letters fact that the Brotherhood officials seem ity to take it Wily not have each auxiliary scre(stry or anxious to give the wiomn a chaice to prove We wi l.er ir some of the I Brothersare somie appoindted sImbur r eid a biief report if they mean what they have been gaying. not still belivring that their wives bhould i each mouth, [to matter how snall it is. They have been asking for a chance to gt stay in the home7 That doesn't take with beraiusee the more oltters whiae the more into tih work and now we have it, will we some of the itbh eithelT o be consistent ialt.erest we'! Ali.il.liate among the unorgan take advanitage of it or tot? That is a we must apily this at large and when it itd grjup . That's the job we have in hand rquestio that we will have to answer, and doesn't apply, except when it is relative to riglit now. I feel sure that some of the lux- sao,. (:et butt, women, and don't let the sorne partiular thing that We don't want ilifies do jot realize that all letters that nniershrill, of the good old I. B. E. W· have them to do, it just doesn't miake sene. are to be printed have to be in lth JOtRNAL to ay we don't mean it when we tell the,, Auxiliary to Local No. 177 fiis so many office not later than, the fi5rt of eail Imonth. we want to do our share. Ihings to do, anid the biggest joi of all is .letstry to get them in on time. We heard the other day that nie spflendid t, fit our lits to carry on, the work with I was very happy to ee the letter from auxiliary was not active now be-ause they intelligence. We must understand ourselves San Antonio. Texas, a brand new baby auxil- caused a lot of trouble in the local. Thit in order ta r might migke others under- ary. Let's watch them grow stuff don't go over ,meh with the writer of stand. We muot be sold on a proposition Though I regret it very maUc. I am going this artirle, for she will never believe that iWOntilrUe. I1 e page U2 to turn over tile leadership of the ranlpaign to Mrs. F. C. Valentine and all future omr iunications should be addressed to her at 21 N. Ocean Street. Jacksonville, Fl. Best wishes for a happy and prosperois New Year to you all. Yours for more auxiliaies, RecentA TOijs (MS. H. ..L.Lha. President, L. U. No. 508 Auxiliary.

NEWS NOTES OF AUXILIARIES The women's auxiliary to I. It. No. 68, Denver, Colio., is givern much credit by the local union for making this year's Christmas party "the grandet get-together we have ever experienledl"

L.. V No. 108, Tampa, Fl., held a 'pep meeting' inviting the ladies, for the pur- pose of reviving the wonmn.s auxiliary, which lhaid not functioned for several years. At the next meeting night of the local the auxiliary also gathered at another hall in the same building, for reorganization. We hope a press secretary was elected.

WOMAN'S AUXILIARY, L. U. NO. 113. COLORADO SPRINGS, COLO. courtesy U. S. eriros . Hsoe Recnes Editor: We are happy to say we, of Colorado Springs. have hen organized since May 12. Swiss Steak With Rice 1926, And we rfeel we are to be congratu- By BALLY LUNN lated for being one of the first If other unions only knew how much good Here's our recommendation for steak into individual portions and feeling this has brought about, I am sure aswell coldweather di.nner! Swiss brown in suet or other fat in a heavy they would all do the same. Nearly all steak with plenty of hot boiled rice, skillet or kettle. Then add canned trades in Colorado Springs are organied. or mashed potatoes, or mealy baked or sliced tomatoes, or water enough We meet once a mont h for a busines, meet- potatoes. You want a starchy to cover. Partly cover with a lid, ing and social. Now today is our day and vegetable that will take up plenty and simmer for l'a to 2 hours or ..we are having a big Christmas turkey dinner of the delicious gravy, For the until the meat is tender enough to for all and their families. Then we will other vegetable choose a green or be cut with a fork. There should and the meeting with cards. We expect close yellow one--copped cooked spin- be plenty of good gravy to serve to 30 members out. ash, buttered carrots, or mashed over the meat. Pueblo has tried to stay together in an rutabagas, for instance. organization but it seems they are not stick- Boiled Rice er5 like we are. We used to visit bock and Swiss Steak Boil one cup of rice gently in forth and have great times. But they are a fieoct a fairly thick piece of plenty of lightly salted water- thing of the past now. Denuer is 75 miles beef from the chuck, rump, or about 2 quarts. When cooked the away and a much larger city. They have be tender but un- several unions there. round, or a slice of veal. Season grains should We still have tihe biggest share of our the meat with salt and pepper, broken, and stand apart when the charter members. sprinkle generously with flour, and excess liquid is drained off. Pour And we will be glad to lend a lepling pound thoroughly, The pounding cold water over the cooked rice to hand to anyone who may ask it, helps to make the meat tender and remove any starch, and stand in a Mas. LuCy HUL.e the flour absorbs the juice. Cut the warm place to dry off and keep hot. Recording Secretary. 517 }ancock Street. 24 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators January, 1936 Casey s Chronicles of the Work World By SHAPPIE

ENTER CASEY. started. Terry let "Flannei Mouth" get BOUT the middle of November it Our laureate of the lines leads a wire ahead of him, an' "Flannel was gettin' cold an' snow was be- us again into the magic land of Mouth," thinkin' he had a cinch, started to rub it into Terry tellin' him all about ginnin' to fall. A couple o' toll memory. line foremen turned in with their gangs the fine points of the jack strap. Then to help us for the winter an' among them Terry started a move on an' by the time was a big red-headed lineman, I don't Terry had finished his half of the second need to tell you his name. "No!" said went again. But the next time he went cross arm he was about three wires ahead "Slim," with a laugh. "That red head down an' stayed there. In a minute o' "Flannel Mouth." would identify Terry anywhere." Terry helped him to his feet and said: As Terry was movin' down to the third Well, when he joined the gang the fun "'Buck,' there's no use o' you an' me arm he looks across at "Flannel Miouth" started. One of the first stunts he pulled bein' enemies. Yuh know yuh wasn't an' says, with a snicker: "What's the off was at quittin' time one night. He givin' the kid a square deal though," matter with that ole jack strap? Maybe lined us all up close behind each other in "Buck" took Terry's outstretched hand, it's not feelin' well an' yuh ought to take Indian file, with him at the head. Each shook it, and said: "Casey, ye're a bet it to a doctor an' maybe he'd give yuh man put his hands on the shoulders of ter man than me, an' I was to blame in a tonic fer it." "Flannel Mouth" didn't the man in front of hint an' we pa- lettin' me temper get the best o' me, so say anything back, but when he got the raded, doin' the prisoners lock-step to call 'er square, ole man." "Shure," ,aul arm finished an' was movin' down to the perfection, right down the main street to Terry with a grin, an' turnin' 'round he next one lie was so mad an' rattled that the store room. Our climbers jingled said: "I'll bet the drinks fer the crowd he fumbled the jack strap, an' down it down on the sidewalk like the clinkin' of that 'Buck' an' me can lick the rest o' went to the ground, an' he had to go a ball an' chain an' we never cracked a the gang." "Thedrinks is on me," said down after it. smile. "Buck,"' an' everybody laughed an' we The foreman sent up another man to Well, sir! people stopped an' looked went into the bar an' had a round. An' make the joints fer him while he did the at us fer a moment kind o' puzzled, an' "Buck" an' Terry was the best o' friends pullin'. an' at that, they didn't gain any then they started to roar an' laugh an' after. on Terry. The ole jack strap never by the time we reached the store room, Terry shure loved line work an', while showed up on the job again, an' it took you'd o' thought, by the kids follerin' he was not given to showin' off, occa- "Flannel Mouth" near a week before he us, that it was a circus procession. sionally he would uncork a burst o' got back his full speech. The fellers But Terry had another side to him. One speed that none o' them could touch. So used to get a kick out o' askin' him if day we was raisin' a pole. A big fellow he was always one of the men sent up to he'd got the tonic far the ole strap yet. called "Buck" Monoghan was handlin' handle the blocks when we was pullin' Terry an' me, with a couple o' the the raisin' horse. We had the pole part slack. The rest o' us would be strung others, had a little experience out of the way up when my foot slipped and my out on either side o' the block men, a ordinary a little while after. The tele- pike dropped an' hit "Buck" on the man to a pole to do the untyin' an' tyin' phone company had a cable runnin' shoulder. He set the horse as the lift as the wire was pulled. The block men through the railway tunnel under the St. stopped an' then made a rush at me, was expected to work pretty fast to keep Clair River between Sarlia and Port struck me in the chest an' knocked me the rest of us gein'. Huron. It was hung on a seven-strand down an' hauled off to kick me in the One day a new lineman joined the steel messenger. The damp air in the ribs. But that kick never landed. Like gang. He was the darndest feller to tunnel rusted this messenger a' it broke a flash Terry wheeled on him an' gave talk I ever heard, he'd talk to anybody, in several places, A freight train was him a shove that sent him taggerin' an' did his best to talk to everybody. gain' through an' the engineer, while back an' says: "Yuh big bully! If you So naturally he got nicknamed "Flannel leanin' out of his cab, got hurt pretty got to fight don't pick on a boy half yer Mouth." He was always braggin' about bad by a broken end strikin' him on the size. He didn't let that pike fall on a double jack strap he had, an' how head. purpose. If yh still want to fight I'll quick he was at pullin' slack. One The telephone company had iron hooks be waitin' fr yauh in the alley behind the mornin' we was jus' startin' in on a lead. bolted on to the flanges of the steel sec- store room after quittin' time." "Buck" Terry was startin' up a pole with a pair tions of the tunnel. The company sent let out a pretty foul-mouthed oath an' o' blocks over his shoulder, when "Flan- Terry an' me an' two other hikers down says: "You'll be needin' the ambulance nel Mouth" stepped up to the foreman there by train. Our job was to lay the when I get through with yuh." an' says: "Say, boss, what's the matter cable in them hooks, take down the old We all started to work again, but I with me goin' up the pole with this man messenger, coil it up an' ditch it outside felt miserable to think of all the trouble Casey what thinks he's a swifter? I'd somewhere. A little while before a I'd stirred up. "Buck" was a big power- liketoshowithesefellers how much better heavy freight train goth' through, broke ful hombre with a had reputation s a my ole jack strap is than them blocks." apart. The engineer, fireman an brakey rough an' tumble fighter, who'd once The foreman laughed an' said: "If you went back on the engine to pick up the thumbed a feller's eye out in a clinch, can speed Casey up a little, why go to it" missin' cars. They was gone quite awhile an' I was scared to think o' what might One of the gang spoke up an' says: "Say, .so they sent a party in to see what was happen to Terry if "Buck" got a chance 'Flannel Mouth,' have yuh got any the delay. They found the three of 'em to do any dirty work. But, if I'd only dough to say yuh can beat Casey?" dead. The foul air had killed 'em so we knowed it my fears was only wasted. "Flannel Mouth" didn't like to be called was warned not to stay in too long at They met in the alley an' both stripped by his nickname, an' it kind o' riled him. a time. The tunnel, countin' the ap- off. All of a sudden "Buck" let out a He snaps back: "I jusoe' got five bucks proaches, is over a mile long. Every roar an' made a rush to try an' clinch, to put on myself if any o' yuh fellers little ways, along the side of it, there but like a flash Terry side-stepped an' got any loose change." One of the gang was a small stair way up to a little plat- landed a left into "Buck's" mid-section covered it right away, an' several more form with an iron guard rail round it that would o' felled an ox. "Buck" sat o' them started to reach down in their where yuh was supposed to stand to down with a thump with the breath jeans, but "Flannel Mouth" says: keep clear o' the trains gin' through. knocked out o' him. But he was game "That's all the money I got," an' started but we soon found that by fiattenin' back an' in few seconds he Jumped up an up the pole, an' the rest of us took up our again the sides o' the tunnel, the trains managed another rush, an' down he poles along the line. Then the fun (ConltiuSd oCl pcge as] January, 1936 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators 25

L.. U. NO. 1, ST. LOUIS, MO. REIQUIRED TO OiBSERVE THAT OBLIGA- rION, WHY SHOULD lIE BE BARRED Editor: READ FROM FRATERNAL ASSOCIATION WITHI Christmas morning was ushered in with Radio advance in Omaha, L. U. THOSE BROTHERS WITIH WHOM IIH cold blasts fron the Tiorth anI a temp erature No. 22. HAS CO-OPERATED DURING IllS ACTIVE of near ero. with snow propelled by a 36- All union broadcast, by L. U. YEARS? mile an hour gale. In other words it was a No. 429. Of course everyone understands the white greeting by old Jack Frost, who nipped Progress in Tennessee Valley, by changed economic status of a mnenlbr who the hands, feet and ears of those who may complete of L. U. No. 5S8. engages in contracting, ani ventured forth to brave the wrath that Some comments upon white collars his 20 years of standing in the penrsion fund old gentlesIa. in labor movement, by L. U. with his card in the I. O. and may be still The spirit of the lay prevailed from early No. 77. financially intereste(d in some construction morn till the wee hours. The third annual Low-down on Passaaquoddly, by firm, while on the pension roll. Admission dinner for the neetdy, sponsored Christmas L U. No. 567. of such pensioner to a L. U. meeting would by the mayor of St, Louis, was well at- Conditions in telephone industry, be highly improper. distributed by indi- tended; baskets were by L. U. No. 723. However, it would seem that a nember viduals and organlzationa; goodies and toys Reflections at the New Year, by who has passed directly from the status of for the kiddies by the St Louis ire de- L U. No. 39. an actwive L. U. memWbertu that of a pen- partment, and care and attention were given BEahie reflects, by L. U. No. 211. sioner, would have nothing but the best those in dlietress. What a Wolderftl spirit, Holly send, newsy epistle, by L. U. interest of hi, former L. U, at heart. iiL ex- the spirit that should prevail 365 days of No. 51. perience over a term of years has often the year, Constitutional changes needed by eiuipped him with a fund of information The relief committee of No, I functioned L. U. No. 1002. which should be valuable to the yonnger its beat.and our lss foaIrtunate others were members followilug in his footsteps. If letters are typical of what shlown that there was still a Santa Claus. these Very truly, he pays no L. U. dues and Sefishness is the worst trait of the human we are to expect in the New Year, we can be sure o a car not exercise the pNiviloges of voice or race., and care should be taken not to let it vote. But the ironbound provision in Artisle get the best of you. It has wrecked the in- booming, zooming Journal in 1936. 12 does cause some of thele honored nem- dividual; the organiratinn-even the empire. hers to feel that Ihey ale being treated as Just think how nice it is to put the other pnriahs; that there is somthing obiectlon- fellow first. Think of the satisfaction it able about them. gives you to know that you have given. Of It just happens that he only inemibers course you will get a kick in the pants Many of our men have been going to night passing to the Bension rolls through Local every now arid then. but how many times school, learling from the classics on down, No. 2 were members with active cards in has someone been nice to you, or done and several have gone into other ]lnes of the L. U., and probably we do not see pos- something for you that you couIldnt repay? endeavor. 'lhe nIorale of the organization rible difficulties which might have arisen. The law of averages takes care of that. in general is far above the average. We had any cards passed through the local It costs so little to be nice--and the re- are so used to the times that it couldn't under different eireumntancos. wards are so great. be much worse, so the only thing to do is There is no desire here to initiate ily What will the New Year bring? Let's wait smile, keep a stiff uTppr lip and hope for sort of controversyl but only a with to ad- and see. the best. Life deals funny hands and hap- just this matter to tho best interests of all In Memoriaim piness is bittersweet. sowhy worry ? Better concerned. An effort has been made to pohit Brother A. C. Schmidt, our business nan- luck nit tiIle to all of us. out that this question Is of importance, aside ger, was called suddnly to the great be The Boyu. and Girls' Page from its sentimental aspects; and it is yond. Brother Schmidt served Local No. I hoped that it will receive the consideation in many capacities since he was initiated Ilalving been so busy In ceniber the of our offiers and members. in January of 1904, and was a faithful ser- writer has not given much thought to their BrotLhea Charles Williams and D. E. Land vant. He likewise served the contractors section, but what is the consensus of opin- have lost their wives through dealh in the in many capacities and everyone knows that ion with the various press secretarias and recent past, and all members extend to them he was a mechanic beyond reproach. Brother Bugniazet? Boy Scout news- their sympathy in their bereavement. stamp club data--perhaps a series of short Brother R. C. Burley, who formerly made Conditions In aind About St. Louis stories-nature study-crossword puzzles- St. Louis a port of call, has not been seen for a considerable time, and some of his As everyone knows, the first three months instruction of various sports, ping pong, skating. basebnll, footbal, basketball, etc. friends ask for a line from him and wish of every year are not so pleasant for the Ihin a happy New Year. building trades mechanics, But looking for- The ladies have their pag-hvw about ward to real estate transfers and data we the youngsters? SIPNfl W i s. are expecting a minor boom in new building Bachie. at al, write in what you think-- Recording Secretary. and remodeling. As spring opens up air- this is our paper. conditioning will give work to many of our M. A. "Monry" NrWMA, L. U. NO. 8, TOLEDO, OHIO men, and when the Th=mas Jefferson Me- A lover of "lAght" Work. morial proaijet gets under way the tenants of Editor: 37 blocks on our river-front will need new At our last meeting the by-laws of our quarters- Contacts by our bulines r.pre- L. U. NO. 2, ST. LOUIS, MO. local wore being read with the idea of revis- sentstives should get the majority of this Editor: ing, revamping, or what have you. As re- work. Now is the time for them to get out The subject matter of Article 12 of the cording secretary it fell to my lot to read and hustle. I. B. E. W. constitution is causing consid- the same. After reading numerous of the see- Many new proposltions have come up in erable comment among the membership of tions T finally came to the one relating to the our local and with the guidance of our Local No. 2, since two of our members have duties of the oMers., and to my surprise I newly appointed representative, Jack Hart- been placed on the pension roll. That part discovered that as recording secretary I was man, who is a very capable man, Local No. of Sec. 3, Article 12, which contains these also to be press secretary. The assembled 1 will advance as It has since the Intorna- words, nor shall he be permitted to attend nembers immediately told me that as they tional Office returned our local to us. any L. . meetiangs," brings up the question. had not seen a letter fromi L,. U, No. 8 in The Electra Athletic Association staged IF A MEMBER HAS FAITHFULLY FUL- the WOalg since the Lord knows when, and several boxing and wrestlings matches, and FILLED HIS OBLIGATION FOR A PERIOD that they expected me to have one in the the handball court has worked overtime. OF AT LEAST 20 YEARS, AND IS STILL next edition of the WOM(S, So, in order 26 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators January, 1936

to mi.iltaini my social standing ad general picasure by attending the meetings and vis- ing cold turkey to our representatives. In good health, I am sending this i'. iting with the old tilmre, Brothers, that we the early 1920s a strike was in progress Our local has been through as tough times have known for years too numerous to men- anaginrt this company when a federal as most judge locals and tougher than some, but tion, but who are as yet, the real backbone (Int. F. Bledeo) issued a permanent it now in- looks as if the ploverbial silver lining of the organization. At our last meeting I junction against labor. It is about to broke the strike break through the dark clouds. looked around the hall and saw faces that and there it remained in the same status Uncle Sammy, through the medium of his were very familiar to me 20 years ago, and until the NRA came into being, at which time alphabetical organizations, is about to put they have proven themselves real, honest-to- thle different crafts began to organize, ome money in circulation Up in our fair city. goolnes, union men; fellows that I am proud to date the trainmen, shopien and There are some signal- school jobs, additions to the to sit in with. That's what makes attending men have all negotiated agreements, anid up buildings at our zoo which, by the way, is meetings really worthwhile to me. to our last meeting they had agreed the third on about largest in the country, and an ad I have had several requests to write another 90 per cent of the agreement presented dition to the Tuberculosis by Hospital, also a article and give more details about Boulder Local No. 18. which speaks very well of the slum elimination project. If all these proj- Dam and the transmission line between L. A. present officers of our local. ects go through as planned our business man- and the power plant at the dam site, and at a Hoping the oficers and members aU en- ager thinks that by next June our members later date these requests will be granted, joyed a merry Christmaa, and a prosperoua should have at least one four-bit piece that There is so much to do to get all the facts New Year. hasn't more than 12strings tied to it. about such an article that it takes time. J. E. Hoadr The old man has had a tough time of it Another very interesting story can be writ- these last few years. After hi. long battle ten about the Metropolitan Water District, with the Edison Company this summer the and Its 22( million dollar aqueduct. This is L. U. NO. 22, OMAHA, NEBR. local saw that he took a much needed rest. oare of the really big jobs of the century. Editor: In all my years as a member it was The first We have several of the members of Local No. Tile Wooden of the World Life Insurance one he ever had. He is still able to go to 18 on the jobs at different points. They are Association, owners bat for what he of radio station WOW, believes is for the best in- anxious to get the scribe to come out and completely rewired and remodeled their teaeat of the local. During all of this past get first hand information about tunnel build- eight-story office building downtown. The period of unemployment the question of who ing, just see how it is done and then tell the building is air conditioned throughout, and to send out on what few jobs did come up world about it through the columns of the housesa beside the headquarters of the cormn was one of his hardest problems. The nem- JOURNAL. This I have promised to do, and pany, the new radio studios. The hers who didn't studios get them Scalled him a so so at sometime in the not too distant future are of the most modern design, with improve- and so. and the members who got them were you will see this story in type. meats that surpass Radio City. I am told. accused of playing politics. I wish some The construction on the Boulder Dam Leo Daly, Omaha's foremost architect, who plan could be devised whereby in lean times transmission line has slowed down, due to an designed and supervised jobs the remodeling, was could be given out to the satisfeaction of injunction against the building of It on the also in charge everybody. If anyone of the transmitter building. resading this has such right-of-way that the department acquired at The tower and transmitter are located a plan in their local I wish they would send great cost, along the foohills between San on a high point a few miles out of the city. it to us. Bernardino and Los Angeles. The small The tower is 454 feet high and is guyed Our exeutive boeard is working hard in towns maintain that it is a greai fire hazard, only at $00-foot level. their endeavor to see that the children of our This case has not yet beet, decided in the The members who have conduit feedting the beacon light on been out of work will not courts. On practically all other litigation top and the tower are both insulated from he forgotten this Christmas by the genial the city has come out of it with banners the ground. The whole structure rests on a gentlemen with the long beard. One of our flying, which is proof that municipal owner- porcelain block about a foot thick. The members met with an accident some 20 ship, if handled correctly and intelligently, is tower itself is the antenna and the counter- months ago and has been confined to his home the only way people can enjoyhigh efficiency poise Is buried underground, radiating out- ever since. His name is W. O. Beck. He at low msoL We of Los Angeles have proven ward in all directions. operates Short Wave Station No. W$EDR it beyond any doubt. The officials of the pri- In the photo are some of the Brothers who which is listed in the Jo l*t. It would help vately owned power company have cold chills worked there; reading from let to right him to pas otherwise Ionely hours if some run up and down their spines every time they they areo AI Gustafoon, Howard Risk, fore- of our rtothers would contact him via the read the financial report of our municipally maml; Ed HRssel, B. A. of L. U. No. 22; Ed air lines when they are out C Q-ing some owned Bureau of Power and Light. Younnren, H. W. Miller, president of the night. Now a few lines about the activities of Why Miller Electric Co. the boss; William Rtlif is it that members of our local can Local No. 18. We have been quite busy of and Art Cronemeyer. array find time to attend stag parties but late negotiating an agreement with the The remodeling and building gave employ- conveniently forget what nights our local Pacific Electric Railway for the eletriual msent to about 100 men for a year, and marks, holds their meetings, although all members workers. Think of it Brotheral This notor- I believe, the turning point towards better ;ere notified by mail? At our last meeting iously labor hating corporation is really talk- times in this part of the country. There there were only 56 of ther present. Then they wonder why they are dumb about the affairs of the local. Some of these days they will awaken to the fact that the business of the local is of great importance to them. Merely paying their dues is not as impor- tant as having them present at all meetings. Nothing so discourages a business manager ssa flock of empty leas when he has some- thing of importanee to impart to the members. As I think that my allotted space Is used up I will fini ICI, hoping that I will be more successfnl the next time. Brl, COnWaY .

L. U. NO. 18, LOS ANGELES, CALIF. Editor: The last few times I have aontributed to these columns it has been on subjects per- taining to the inventive genius of members of my local, and now I come forward with a few remarks abot Local No. 18, which to me is just the same as church was to my fore- fathers. They went to church to get solace. We, or at least I, do the same thing at our lo- cal meetings. I get more real pleaurae attend- ing the different meetings than anything else I know of. I care nothing for picture shlows,. the honkey tonks, or the beer parlors (a sure sign of old age?), but I do get a bit of real ELFCTRICAL WORKIR WHaO REMODIRELED OMAHA RADIO SITATION. January, 1936 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators 27

are two or three sinlilar projects slated to company, and 100 pIr cent locally owned Our forefatltlers, at tile birth of our be- start in the near future. So, with best power plants, it is pretty sad, when today loved country, fought and won against wishes to you and tile Brotherhood, I close. these are owned and controlled by interests greater odds than we have to overcome to- . JOIE UgRAN. far from the localities they serve Sin c day. Only 15 per cent of the people at that these indlependently owned utilities have tinte could read or write, when today we vanished from our midst the floater has been ran inform the whole nation at one time L. U. NO. 28, BALTIMORE, MD. eliminated and the inifn ,uation the local In a moment's lotie.i The only difference Editor: 'ntiln nially received from the floaters is I see today is that titnigs are just the op- At thils writing I rglet tI say we have gone. By this I do not wish it to be con Ipite as in 1776. We are i,fortmed by all lost one of our worthy lBrothers, Brother atrited as an invitation to come to Cleve- tile avenues of puliity of all the things Georgol Giliaspey. lie hail been i member of land. as it is useless. Tl' iptint I am driving that take place, and do nol. try to fit these this local for m.any years, allhough not ac- at is olur i rollemstoday cannot be solved together in relation toile social order we livein the igainization.TI was a silent and by the solution of past activity. Therefore, cherish w ihenlmditatiag in the ari chair itt true unnion man, and will Ie iissed by all I think that l tim onllun illof d or lOiTINAI. Wiiiie. of us. Our synIltihy is extended to his should "e used to gauge the opinion on eco- Wily the woier dt't ,tll.n l the six- family, At the p'ltsIIIt weSlave a number nomic issues that are aimed to help all h.ur day at 1926 44-hotr week pay I do not of memlbers on the slel list but not any workers. ThIe American citizens are not so know. Before it's too late we should re seriously il- However,. it keeps 13rothe r (Cr- far goue that they need reforming. Collee- solve to make our life a lurrs worth liv- ter on the latp tryrig to visit eaeh and give tive, it[irnatioon is all that is neTeded. ing. Work with motives based upon profit. them the friealily handshake, and some- There are a nutlbr oif things taking place The cost will then take care of itself. I tims that is with more thoan lanedien that should at least Part, our patriotic blood recall a few years ago a friend of mine toll Say, I wonder if the 28 gilngs is playing to surging toward our braim. Tile city man, me a little remark lsuposetl to have been the iogs in Miami, Fll. Al G(ttman sold out from the country can, perhaps, see things said by Owen D. Young when a strike was everything and bought a trailer and is oll in a clear ontrtll, and it is with this ilea in progrss at one of Ithe G. E. plants,. ie his way. Wite (rIliarlia Millen is home Iln wlilinig this letter. Nothing partisan was called in> and asked th, e.onl. ittee whnt again, but has shilppd his traveler to Boul- whitsoever.- the men were demanding and the committee cr Dam.. I suppose he will become a resi- let's lo.k at our ecoOmli horizon. (1.) Al- told him "A living wage." Ie bawled this dent of that state sien. Iost one-sixth of our population on ommilttee of company executives out by Bioys, If you like a clean looklitP tavern relief roll. (2.) Tih t.ukhulders, bond- ayilg, "tFor God's sake, what would you d£ and a lean gloass of beer stop in and sea iloders, smIall hoIme own. r, ete.. who made if they demanded a cultural wage?" Harry Clary's pldac at Tanvals, and Fulton, i dow payment on saItle, find today their The subsistence level is composed of five just opened up. Yes, lie is one of our old investments worthless. (3.) Every city, items. Food, clothit, shelter, health ard members, everybody knows him. By the town, village and state il ao in debt that education. Another item of great imper- size of Tommy Thotnpeon's bilt line I be- tile greatest part of each tax dollar goes to tunte should be added, and that is trans- liehve he has found the place, bonded indebtedness lnd not toward the portation cost. This equals from 5 to 10 Mike Coffey, Kinliig, Joln Mooney and Jack actualcost of operation. (4.) All psivate per cent of the average worker's income. Taylor, why tiot come up and see the gang l(h.oo, al nearing bantkrrupty If those The writer wishes all a happy New Year, some time? And say, Slim Manuel, my street attending private schools are forced to at- and asks you to inquire into the economics is spelled wrong on your appreciated Christ- tend oar public schools it will mean simply of the District Credit Soie.ty. For after mnis greetings, it's Monroe and not Monure. this: Since the school tax ts based upon all, life is what we make it, and as Abraham 0. K. you Florida gang, will expect to meet th]e ntiltar of children attending public inlcoln rightly said, "I notice that people you here within thenext year. Ilope you schools only, this extra burden will mean are about as happy as they make up their are all well. that the children in public schools will be mitifis to be.' Now, I have always longed to become a educated less in pioportion to the number We have every right to feel proud of aur true story writer and as niews here is short of children the pubic is compelled by law membership in the i. . of E. W., as we are I hope the Editor will print every word. to educate. (5.) This is very important. getting moro from our small per capita The janitor of this building hung a box Suppos. the Supreme Co..l conlltnues to rule than any labor organization in the U. S. A., decorated with holly anlId larked "for the un-constitutional the things our Congress and should use every effort to make it better janitor' in the most important office, right tries to enact into law. Will not the people during the coming year. before the eyes of all big shots il our City, natuanlly suppose that our. legisators have EN¥ AW.V and in turn overestimated his value for ser- not the lpower of representative govern- vices, etc., as he expected about a 50-cent itIt? What will they do? Either one or collection. It fell to a low of 37 cents for 10 two things-either amend the Constitution L. U. NO. 51, PEORIA, ILL. (lays. Now, then the janitLor rudily knew to abolish the Supreme Court or usher in that that amount was not enough to buy i a dictator. Maybe that's the idea behind To revise the old verse a trifle, we will pair of pants, so on second thought he took it all, Time will tell. mnak, or attempt to makIe, a new start for it to the Salvation Army who in turn took L. U. No. 51 in our WoaxtS. "'Twas the it in the envelope and said, "Thank you, night after Christmas and all about the my son, may Cod bless you and a prosperous waistline we have that stuffy feeling, al- New Year to you." Now, the janitor does not though we are feeling fine." ADVANCING BACKWARD ear- to be selfish with tile blessing and During the past year we have been called wIsAe to share the some with the donors, By AtIRmn 0. SPALPIND,, upon to part with two of our old msmbers, and wishes the New Year will be more pros- of L. U. No. 714 Brothers Fred V. Kioos and Frank W. Blr- perous. The end. tell On August 3, Brother Klooz, who had Work here is about as flat as ever, if only Here is a want ad from the Norfolk been Financial secretary of L. U. No. 61 since another boom would starti Maybe then Ledger-Dispateh of November 29, 1936. 1918, with the exception of one term, that I we would see Bill Ebauer, of York, more whilh I wish to have published in the know of personally, was en route to Mil- ofiten. JOtRNAL~ with the hlpe that it will do waukee, Wis, to return some relatives to flrry Hook had a faIl but is getting along some good. their home in that city. When near Vernon. well, Wig., his ear crashed head on with another 'ihe News Post still has the sate old 33 Help Wanted--Male 33 .ar from Peoria, iiliven by Thloieas Crawford. gang, P. iabicht, Eorealt,;E. Paterson and BOAT CARPENTERS-- Elxperineed Brother Hloon and Mrs. Crawford were killed Miller. in planking, framing anl trimming instaitly and MrsI. Mary Sehwalm, a sister of So this is all for this time. So long. speed boats, $4 to $6 per 10-hour day. Mrs. Kiloo. died August 6. The other eco,- PARIKS. Irigg Boat Works, Miami, Fla. pants of both cars were quite severely iti P. S. The writer is the janitor. Every jured but not fatally. Brother Klooz had memluber knows hin. One year' service. After a 50-year struggle by organ- beet, a true and loyal member of organized ied labor in estblilshing the eight- labor sincelI910 ud had always been active I.e.lr (day, these alleged hliiineasmen in the afftirs o the ocid uTinon. His passing L. U. NO. 39, CLEVELAND, OHIO aire taking advantage of the present his ]left a vacancy that will he very hard to widle-spread unem-ploymnil in an ef- fill and it goes without saying that he is Editor: fort to undo it al. Then they wonder greatly missed. Our sympathy again goes to '[lere is so little that happens, indus- why they lave labor trouble. The th i..re.ee t ones itnd we join them it trially speaking, in oar loal union that it sports would eall it "hitting below the nourning the loss. is a difficult task for a pleas seretary to b]lt" but what I think of it would be write along thos lines. To those of us barred from the naiIs. On November 14, lBrother Frank Burrell who can look hback at the times when in each was stricken with a henrt itttak and passed locaI.lity we h]d our independent telephone to the great h.y.nd 20 minutes later. Frank 28 The Journalof Electrical Workers and Operators January, 1936

bad been a member of this local since 1901 or that used to be. Come on out to old "Peorye' will be their sponsors." The eve of December 1902 and up until about two year. ago was Mr. HRnt-and-Peck, and if youse caint take 20 was the ocasion for the grandest get to- very active in the affairs of the local. At it on a sled we will sit by the fireside and gether we hove ever expeienced; the loca) that time his health failed and while le was play a tune on the Royal portable. Enjoyed as a body is gratefully indebted to the com- able to be on the job most of the time he your pilee in the December Woan and just mittee for their efforts in arrangements; but could not stand it in a room where there was wonder if maybe you did not send in some of in remarking that the occasion was 'the a crowd and smoke. The writer had the the first copy from the Royal and that finest ever,' we, too, should most graciously pleasure of working for Frank for the past "Batchie" you referred to did not have a state that our women's auxiliary, the pride five years and the best I can say is none too meaning. More power to Doria and Edith, of of labor organitioens in Denver, amply good. He was a man among men. Another 1. 0. fame, if they keep you on the straight demonstrated the foundation for such pres- loss that is very keenly felt by all concerned and narrow. I hope C. M. B. has this typed tige by overlooking no detail that tends to and our sympathy goes out to irs. Burrell. before it gets to the girls or I may get worse I party's suess. The age old remark, "A This month has seen the passing of an- than "Batehie.' woman's place is in the home" may possss other old soul in this city, whom I feel I must Nice work, A. L. W agener,your piece really merit, but it should be amended at least to write a few lines about, Charles Mackley, has a lot of good points and the sooner the read "except when the ladies play Santa more lovingly called "Dad" or "Ma," the membership as a whole see the point the Claus to the local" father of our Brother, Harry Macklay, who sooner the business manager can have more JACE( HU.TER. is superintendent of radio at the city hall. time to devote to Jobs, instead of having to Charlie Maokly lived to the ripe old age of run out and look them up. How are the bed- 80 years and is no doubt remembered bending exercises coming? My regards to L. U. NO. 77, SEATTLE. WASH. throughout these United States by a great Tear, if you see him. Editor: number of the real old timers, as he worked L. U. No. 61 has weathered the depression Mention was Imade in our last letter con- in every tate in the union and for nearly in fair shape. Work is pretty good and we cerning the Commonwealth Federation of all the railway companies. The greatest part have only four or five members loafing at Washington. This movement closely paral- of his working career was spent with the present. Conditions are pretty good. lels the farmer-labor alliance so active in Postal Telegraph Company, and at the time With the season.s greetings from your the northeastern states at this time. In the in 1903 or 1904 when the Postal installed the house to our house. main it is an outgrowth of the E. P. i. C. new circuit from Omaha. Nebr., to "Frisco." HOLLY. (End Poverty in California) with some mi- Charlie had a gang on that job up until com- nor changes. During the past five years pletion of same. It may be of interest to several popular movements, such L. U. NO. 68, DENVER. as tech- some to know that Charlie was working on COLO, nocracy, Townsend plan, Commonwealth tile Miehigan Central 'way back when' he Editor: Builders, etc., have blossomed used forth hero to patrol the lines on foot and also go We have reeired information to the effect and there in this state, some of them attaini- out into the virgin tieber and blaze trees that a press secretary for our.IJOUNAL who ilg a position of considerable prestige. that were to be cut and used for poles in the presumes that news from the Mile High City However, each was faced with the problem lines he was building. And so passes another may be miles long one month and totally of being limited to the interests of partiEu- pioneer of the eletrical industry, who will he absent for the suceeding 90 days, is both lar groups, and the fact that the full strength sadly missed by the boys of Peoria, as he was presumptuous in manner and derelict In duty of progressive nlovenents was so divided "Dad" to the gang, and a friend to everybody. toward the trust involved. Those charges into many camps. The federation is the re- Our sympathy goes out to Mrs. Mackley and are serious, but representing truth in fact as suit of an united front of all these groups the three Sons, who survive. they do, naught can be said in hi, defense, in which they make common cause with or- Well, in addition to a flock of nice presents, but much can be done to amend the situation ganized labor as a mass movement to check Christmas also brought us a very severe let- by synchronizing activity with duty's re- the impoverishment of the common people ting down in the old mercury. Christmas quirements. Some order to fill, say we, but and the resultanit assimilation of unearned morning was seven degrees below nothing, fill it we must, to an appreciable degree at wealth in few hands with the attendant and this morning eight, so it was not so least. deepening of the crisis of capitalism. In pleasant to be out, e,,ept for the youngsters For many yearls tIHe public throughout the short, this is a movement which, in so far as (both young and old), who were anxious to country has heard the slogan, *When better the great mass of mankind is concerned, is try out their new sleds and skates. There is autos are built, Buick will build them"; like- born of economic necessity. about eight inches of snow on the ground wise, for many years those connueted with Two very diatinguishable phases in per- which makes one wish for one of the good labor in Denver have asserted, "When finer sonnel are to be noted: FirsL, workers, old-fashioned bob-sled parties of the days Christmas parties are given Local No. 68 while constituting the great majority are

A PANEL USFn By THE LAy)IEW CARMENT WORKERS VLrON IN ITS EDUCATIONALT WOIC. Jannary, 1986 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Oper ators 29 altogether too unconsious of the fact that time would affect all the locals in the state, we will win recognition, because we have no better order of things can be built upon without any waste motion, a central body the determination and the will to do so. any other basis than that of the working was ne.essary. S, J. CRI.TIANO, Class only, i. e., to produce fe>r what you In Atlantic City on September B, 19385, the Secretary, get, and of course to get what you produce. association held its election of oficers. Legislative Committee on Utility Affairs Naturally, having been and I eing a sub- The following were elected and installed by of the N. J. State Electrical jeet class, Workers we are altogether too prone to our good friend and vice president, Edward Association, Business Manager, L. U. forget that as the economic peosition of the F. Kipotr: R. A. Jahn, Trenton, president; No. 102. working ciass is the oily corfeet one, we William Shaffor, Somerville, vice presl- must push forwald upon that beasi, not to dentl S. J. Cristiano, Paterson, seeretary- be detoured off our course by demagogucs treasurer, and Bert Chambers, Atlantic L U. NO. 106, JAMESTOWN, N. Y. Iefunnet business men, brake! down pro- City, sergeant-at-arms, Thre associations feestonal groups, politieians, Editor: oPortunits, Ilexecutive board consists of the business I might ns well start the New Year right hounk shooters, saviours, mediat ;rtr, .. Pnpro tralrnagfs of all affiliated iocals. The l- misers and other such remainin vestiges of lowing locals are affiliated by getting a letter from local No. 106 in with the state the WoRntA. Work has been good around the petty middle clias make I P the secoad association 52, 98, 102, 262, 358, 456, 676, phase of personnnel and philj. here all the past year, and is still fairly i°ihs of tlhe 269, 310, 211, 2, 164 and 581. good, all the boys working most of the time. movement. Although they are aitre mi The first problem of major importance noiity in nuimbIr they are pr Some of the boys went to Bradford, Pa., "ti In on,i brought to the attention of the state oseo- and they were very busy until Christmas. nate. After having eonsidere d tlhcneIvs bciaition was tile refusal of the Public Service a specially endowed class of io Brothers Ahlstromn, Clark, Johnson and An- iity, caterAed .Eleei, Conpany, of New IJersey, to reo- lerson were the ones down there. to, called '"Mlr.' etc., it is rat her hard far nize the i. B. E. W. Officials of the Public them to get down to our level Brother Clif. Chingren who has been on 'in swell the Service were contacted and a oonference the sick list for the past month is better at picket lines as we struggle. Vell it seems was arranged with the vice president in this writing. very hard for even the hones t testo so charge of operation, Mr. Barron. Mr. Bar- condescend. They would rathlr have us pull ron very dictatorially stated that the Public On February 3 Local No. 106 has Its thirty- sixth birthday, and we intend to celebrate their hstnuIt ot of the ii for them. Service.. would not do business withl the Then, of course, there are the fessiona . B. . W.. and that his company was not it with a banquet for all our members and their families. It is to be held at Fairmount demagogues and ioliticans whin se a.. risingrg going to be dictated to by any union, net- tide of popular demand and -ho hare no withstanding the feeact that his company had Grill. We still have two of our charter mem- more noble motive whatever, than to seek E. W. i th pt bore in our midst, Brother F. J. Kruger, our to 0ominte thee situation and SOInlhde'r eontize the r.iiGr.iind the .past and financial secretary, who is still very active, crest of that tide to further the Ir selfih up to May, 1935, anid did bus laes thouIIgh and Brother John Crowe, who is on the pen- rends. Neverthless, we do fi :el thet thi, a holding company of thie Public Service, sion list. At this banquet we are going to movement is, or celtsinly can namely, the Public Service Production Con- try to interest our women folk into form- be a besatep ted, in pany, wich company was later renamed the advance. We ire participating anld endear- ing a women's auxiliary. Most of our mem- oring to contribute our "bit" tc n deav- United Engineers. The United Engineers, bership think an auxiliary will stimulate 'IIte duod to the0 'a tolal lvertligation of hold- cees. But we are not unminntt ui of the pit our members to a greater activity in union falls and lauigers. There is alI a danp inger ompanies, was dissolved and the nu. matters, also the purchase of union label s'eye eny.Ia dangelr meI In these spontaneous and enly leus of that organiation o was absorbed by goods. In the March Woass the writer will par'tly con- the Public Service Electric Company. scious popular movements in ti tell of our success. at they eemb Thle state assoiation, realizing the min- to grow like heer working in I r rok, bob- This is to notify all members to get in bhing over without any predet L Id portanco of thia situation, contacted Vice touch with hlaquet committee, as to the to engage and pIroperly distr ibute sur..plu President Kloter, who in turn took tile mat- number of reservations to be made for each energy. They are quite as lik ,ly to he del ter up with President Tracy. President member. Be sure to do this, you Brothers astrous as to be of any permantent good on- Tracy lost no time in sending his capable that don't attend meetings. less the workers are very dilig lint watch- assistant, Edward Bieretd, to Newark. Wishing the entire Brotherhood a prosper- ing all angles so us not to I,o inducede imed orIn iproLiter lbieretz had a eon fcrnc¢ with Mr. pus New Year, I beg to remain reduced into the substitution of wishbone Barr.n and he was informnied that the Public W. R. M. for backbone. We also feel tihat hero i ISerlicea still was of the same mind, and he step toward slougahig off tile sab.. of cor- invited the L. B. E. W. to do their darndost pany dominated political partie emOvea; to- to change it. L. U. NO. 108, TAMPA, FLA. ward indepedletii pilLtinal acti,on Ilabor. President Tracy immodiately accepted the Editor: flowever, let us have no i11ehllong We dcallege and called special meeting of During this nonlth a little activity has shall not suleled in "'lippin onalt thIe the legislation conmintee on utility affairs been shown around 108. The women's aux- blind side of the bankers with any program of the New Jersey State Electrical Workers iliary, which lihs not functioned for several which would abolish their privileg of oh- AAssociation, which is composed of the busi- years, was given a little "pep meeting" to tathing wealth without work. Tlhay .,, .1 ness manogers and presidents of all 1. B. E. stir the ladies into action again. The results set to spring a deluge of sland r abuse and W. local unions in the state. The officers were the same as before our big game at confusing pablicity. If they gee thet the of tbils committee are Vice President Kiote, college, a peip meeting is held, everyone is game of grab is actually in gr ave danger of chairman; William Shffler, vice chairman, spurred on and a great showing and fight- being spiked, they will not Iesittte to do aId S. J. Ci-istiano, secretary, ing spirit carries us on to our goal. The wuIar, like the Blourbons of France, The This special meeting was held in Trenton meeting had the same effect, we also had a efforts employed to confuse, eduee or ter- on November 23, 1935, and at this meeting greater turnout than expected. rorize the wnrkers now on strike, for a few a plan of action was laid out. This coim- The spirit is still with the women, as at lousy nikels'-worth of life aand happiness mittee is meeting at tile present time every the very next meeting of the local the auxil- should make that plain. other Sundy afternoon in the headquarters iary also met in another hall in the building. We would like much to hiear from the .f leal No. 52, 190 Belmont Avenue, New- Ofliers were .h..sen and the social commit- Brothers in other sections oe'nlerning the ark, N, J. tee turned the funds over to the girls. Good ' latest developments of labor and farmer The weakest spot in any utility comtpany, luck, "lay dears" and more power to you, but activities. it was deduced, was their rate structure. With I hope a press secretary was included among i.. P. Woo. this as our objective we mapped out a pro- your officers. Several of thewomen stated they gran alid the campalign was launthed thrnugh would like to ee me give thenm a little pub- the newspapers of the state on December licity, but now, how would the husbands feel L. U. NO. 102, PATERS ON.N. 1~3,1935. Newspapers throughout the entire about that, having one of the only two single Editor: state oined our first release and have eon- members in such close hermrony with the On September 4 a group of eleetrrial work- tinued to give us all the publicity so necessary auxiliary? err representing 4llocal unito ns tilei i B. in a campaign of this kind. We also had the honor of having Interna- E. W. in tihe tate of New lersey held a Stitistics were gathered by the head of tional Vie IPesirdenet Barker with us at the meeting at the headquarters focal Union our research department, M. H. Hedges, on last meeting. lie gave us a picture in words No. 269 and reorganized the New Jersey electric rates in every important section of of what has happened throughnut his district, State Electricl Workers Ass, iciation. Tile the United States, and it was found that the especially in the Tennessee Valley. He cer- o eociation had herome defi nct when in rate charged by the Public Service was from tainly seems to have met with plenty of sue- 1931 a numlber of locals were ar. rgo.d with 16 ier cent to 120 per cent higher than iessin his dealings with the various situa- Local No. 52, Newark. The aIsoeiation was otheor sections. tions that i rose aid with the utilities. More revived because we realized that in order The campaign is still in its infahny, and power to Brother Barker. We are holding to promote the welfare of th Ie1. B. E. W. we realize that we have a hard nut to crack, you to your word and expect you back here relative to problems which in due course of but we are eonfident that in the long run again in January. 30 The Journal of IElectrical Wlorkers and Operators January. 1936

After the meeting the officers of the auxiliary were introdueed to Brother Barker. The aux- iliary has held its last few meetings on the same eavening as ours. I hope this will not always be the case as sometimes kujDAFNIE YuEAR an "executive board" nmeeting may keep the husbands late. I would not lilke to see tile ladies be kept waiting for this meeting to end. We are still hanging on like everyone else in this section, men are loafing and wondering when the next job will turn up now that the American Can Job is about completed. Well, all we can do is to keep a stiff upper lip and carry on. I am signing this in such a manner so that the critics will know me and not hare to go through the memnbership list and meet nmeat the next meeting to see if it was the right person. "Tgn" Fracndnn.

L. U. NO. 151, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF. Editor: Here I gol About six weeks ago our gang ap- pointed mea as a scribe, I amn telling the truth as far as the labor more- ment in San Francisco is concerned. It all bears the thought that all is not right In the A. F. of L. or labor council. At the last city election we had a union, ticket in the field, but the lame ducks of the couneil had to have a delegation of two membaer fromn every or- sanitation. But the dle- gates found that the ticket was cut and dried. Of course that was to get political patronage, so you all can see it now. I, myself, stick to my side of the fence. So much for everybody. Of t .... , .... I===: course now they have a hanee to Eall me a red, but far be it from that, because I am natur- auxiliary. The writer is going to concede the I was part of the union I would abide by ally loyal to my obligation here. property to make a picnic ground. That their rule. Of course the howl that the Bell I want to tell a word about the general is for all the local. in the Bay District. Company Put up on my account is in loses- strike. Anybody knows that there's no Dont some of you think that will he good? sion of No. 2 so that you all know just chance to get anything from the shipowners. But it looks like the picnic comnittee has a where I stand. If I had some way to dictate Those wlndjammers, American ships, were feud. Well, this is not a white elephant, it them you would all get a lot of the early hell afloat. But, of course, just as soon as is a gift for organized labor, only I hope struggles of labor. I've learned a lot since a competent leader came and could hold our members around the bay see this and the Reed-Murphy outfit when we all got them together, and they started to get put that idea a-rolllng. bamboozled. I'll tell soine mnre of that litter, the idea of how, to achieve labor's rights, This is the first time I ever tried to write, I am for the organization trst and last. all of the lame ducks got busy. They cited If I don't get a bawling out from the gang CHaRLE LIEANT. the civil service law to no avail. Of course I will have some more. Of course the way I that fellow Bridges knows how to appeal to express myself is not to the liking of some the rank and file. It is not only here but of you. Well, I know that I should join the L. U. NO. 211, ATLANTIC CITY, N. J. elsewhere the same for labor, for I know organization with no argument on my part. Editor: in our own organization we had lots of fixing Of course No. 2 had my application in for a Hoot men, hut ye gae me a wee bit of a done. Of couarse it would be .lengthy and long time, but lI've been waiting and waiting scare with that word assevsrates" and it too risky to tell the story, beause you know till I met Brother Baso. He got busy right sent me galloping to the dictionary in ies what would happen, so that's that. there and then. I don't want to squeal on than nothing flat. 'S all right since I learned A, far as our organization is concerned the ones that held me back. Harry Meyers its meaning but for a few moments you had everything is good. All is in harmony. At knows that by pulling the job at Desoda me guiessing. our last meeting we started the ball for an that time I told the super that as long as Tempus is fugiting very rapidly and it is January, 1986 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators 31 hard to realie that another year is lust number of booths, the Western Union and entire office personnel pronounced the name around the corner. Humans are certainly Postal Companies equipped their messenger as though it were spiled with a "t' and I funny creatures, when they are kids they boy. with roller skates, but neglected to ask wua trying to straighten you all out. How- want to grow up and then in a few years they all of them it they could kate. ever, it look like I had gotten it confuased want to forget that they have birthdays. I see by the papers that the merchants and with a couple of other gays. Hoping that We had a cold, white Christmas, the first in hatels are proclaiming that this is the best youse have had a lovely time during the past two years and I envied the kids who were Christmas they hae had in the past six years holiday season and with beot wishes for the and I do know that the same people and breaking in their new sleds and having snow- coming year, I am, with love and kisses, private homes, have gone in for the decora- B AOHtlIh ball fights. The sight of them brought back tiens arid lighting effects in a big way. Tho P. S.: My wife sea that it's all right to sign were. wera pleasant mmories of my own kid city buildings and other oflces are ablaze niff Lthat wiy. ldays, for on Christmas and New Year's Day with thousands of multi-colored lights and I could always do absolutely as I pleased. present a very elheorul and beautiful picture The only order of the day was to be in the which no artist could realistically portray. L. U. NO. 245, TOLEDO, OHIO house by I:30 p. I. for the big dinner. Also see by the papers where the Wagner The kid next door and I were forbidden to Editor: Laboe Dispu te Act has received its first kick Santa Claus has been here and gone, and go skating on the river, but on New Year's in tho i..ts. so ! wi th(., u with ',yswlf Day of 1901 we disobeyed said order and left us, along with other things, a brand made i these columns seelal months ago. New Year. I wonder what 13ad has in store were having a grand time off the foot of However, that is nothing to brag about, for Hamilton Street in o' Peory. About 30 feet for us? A lot of people were disappointed anyone with only half an eye could easily this year. A Mr. Ifoover of California, for ahead of ,s was a calored man cutting fancy disern the renult. aI tilhe big mlonry inter fgures, to our envy, when without warning one. Old lina was a good year and did a eats will never go for that Act or any other lot toward bringing us out of the depression. the lee gave way for a radius of 10o feet wherein labor gets an even break. around him. He never came up and you never If '36 can carry on as well it will he a great A few days ago my landlord asked me to year. saw two more scared kids in your life. We look at his bathroomn light and I found that broke all existing records iin ,aking for the ThPl Wheeler-Rayhurn Act that the utili- it (a single light bracket) had been wired ties fought so hard certainly brought us shore anl didn't stop running until we got with a piace or 24 gauge telephone wire and home. Ever after we did all our kating on out of the depression during the month of had been attached to the wall with a 20- November, with the interstate separation. the pond in Glen Oak Park. It was years penny nail and a No. 12, four-inch brass later before either of us told our folks that Fveryone worked hard and long hours. Men screw. If that aii't boondoggliing, I'll kiss were put hack in the line department. we had witnessed the sad affair a pig That winter I was playing in the samle Ileryone that could wear a pair of spurs This is being written to the rat-tat-tat of was drafted into ser-vie, nd an army of men kid's house and were watching an old mIan the riIeter's gu n l theChr steel on the new wheeling coal in from the curb. for in those h were not to work rebuilding a high line post oilie is going up very rapidly. The rice- from Sylvania to Lyons, Ohio. CharIey days the coal dealers did not chute the coal trical seatract was finally awarded to a fair illto the bin xeeptitig in tile business sec- Nebib' gang was the first on the field and Now York firn, and Otto Ecklund anld the last to leave. He was in command of tion. It was snowing very hard and the old "Bugs"' lehrer of this atliot are going to the insulation sqnaad Tlie Ohio Brans Co, fella was dressedvery poorly, whniri .r i. start the job. The forer received a watch of lBarberton, Ohio, was so busy gassing good reason at all I said, "Well, that's one job for Christ.ma , and it was not a Mickey that I'll never do.' Thle kid's grandmother ithir eIplyyees that were striking for a Mouse tior a Donald Duck time keeper, but living wage that it w.,as bard to get insul- looked at le reprovinglly on! gently replied , g solly from the speed of the iron judgin atorn fast "Listen, mly boy, you are very yriglle ylt or woakis,. who actually ril, on trra flrmna, enough for Charly and his army. you would never say such a thing, for you front one part of the job to another, both Lut the company secured them from other channels an/d the work went on in grand don't know what ill luck may befall you. Ott and "Bug" shoulil have asked Santa for erhlnps in his youth that ohl gentle mal out a pair of roller skates or a kiddie's scooter, shape. Harry ShultC was in command of there said the same tiing." To prove the My kindeat personal regards to yourself, the wire stringing detail, and miles of cop- truth of her assertion, three years later I "Inky" Madden down in Wilmington, Jimmiel per were put up each day. Both of these ranl away from home and in Jamestown, N. Brannigan out in Pittsburghh, and Arehie foremen are monthly nien, but sacrificed I)Lak., I helped to clean out a ees pool for a Mgaze of Chicago. their nights, their Saturdays and Sundays, dollar. Was very sorry to learn of the deaths of and even their Thanksgiving dinner at Farther along the line at Missoula. I was two very old friends in Peoria, both of whom hoito so that their men could work as many lying beside a jungle-fire within a wind had bhelnged to the Brotherhood since I was hours as they could stand and yet act alive break. The fire was coniiosed entirely of a wee bit of a nuisance. I refer to Ired for three weeks. These men pushed along railroad ties, so you can imagine the size of Klooz and "Rd" Burreli, mighty fine men day after day, long hours and little rest, it, I rolled a cigarette and asked some big and nll.union from the elds of their toes to but when the first of December arrived, burly bo for a nIatih.He took one look and the top of their hair. Can any man aly more? the deadline set for the job, the work was snorted, "Iell's tire! No wonder you're on Iiowever, I do claim that the press sere- onl pleted. And the men, all wearing that the bum, you young sn-and-so, asking for a tary of L. U. No. 51 should have at least smile of victory, returned to their homes match with all that fire right in front of given these two old Brothers an honorable Cru a xlut-ls-ueded and well-Carned rest. you" It's the little lessons learned in the ini .itiln in thesefeClurIIai and not wait for a again proving that the company has not mis- 'school of hard kneoIks" that a retentive scribe nearly a thousand miles away to do the placed their trust and confidene in them. mind never forgets and profits by in later jab. How about it, Leo? If your present But our good luck was not to last, for im- years. press agent doesn't niilote," why not give tho mediately work fell off to a minimum and Santa Claus was very good to quiti a few job to some one who will at least try to be the men that were transferred back to their of the boys this year, visiting with them in anioni those present seme time during the old department as linemen were again re- the guise of the Automotive Service Inrlus- year? duced and sent back. That was a disap- tries Show that opened in the auditorium on And Iowto dilvrtq,'tiate Whn you have plrintment, I believe, from the super down. December 9. It was composed of tile Motor anything to say to us scribblers you tack an far it sure looked like old times around Equipment Wholesalers Assoiation, the Na- Editor's note at the bottom of our letters. there., and everyone surely thought that It tional Standard Parts Association, and the Today I iai stealing your stLff with reverse was here to sty. And all hope that it won't Motor Equipment Manufael.urrs' Associa- English- -and how! be long until they are all back to tamy. tion. Eight days were required to set it up, Note to an Editor: Wassa mada. Big YOao, Eiglhty per cent of our primary insulating luring which time the peak load for wiremen daon't a pre. rate one if those pretty cal- here is done with tihe products of the Ohio was 28, while the daily averag e was16 ler- endars? liass Co., who. in an attempt to reopen sides un "profession... it provided work for Noito ta ther Ehiltnr's asaistants: Dnar lDuris their factory at Barberton, Ohio, with non extra guardls. erlpesers, taitileirs. plaunbrs,' aln Fiiith; Nope, you've neaver done he orgatiianl labnr, lulIdbd anid beat their sign pailters, latteorlet, waitessee,, chefs and w.nn.. rfl. ti me and I am dlownright sorry striking miiiloyees.It is not a very pleas dishwashers, for a Ilge restiiuaiIt wis in- thai y nll ifeel hurt. During the late A. F. artt thought, a union linernan insulating a stalled on the stage. And [ must not forget of . oeiventioti, somebody told me that the line with a rat insulator, and we cannot the pretty little nurse who had charge of the tell our bosses whiat 1

FRATERNITY OF THE AIR (CopyrIght)

Boys, here is our growing list of I. B. E, W. amateur radio stations:

160 meter WGLRS Ralph F. Koch Los Angeles, Calif, whon% 1M W6MGN Thomas M. Catish Fresno, Calif. ~ne,C 1688 H. E.Owen Angola, N. Y. W ONAV Kenneth Price San Diego Calif N6IAH S. E. Hyde Los Angeles, Calif. WAKO Kenneth Strachn Billing,Mont. WIAGI W. C. Nielson Newport, R, I. WTCPY R. Rex Roberto Ronm U , Mont WIDOW'W1DGW Melvin I. Hill W, Springfield, Mass. W7CT Les Crouter Butte, ont. W1FJA Frank W. Lavery Somerville, Mases. W7DXQ Al Eekes Miles City, Mont. W1INP Eugene G, Warner East Hartford, Conn. W7DXZ Frank C. Pratt Tacoma, Wash. W2AMB Fred W. Hluff Woodbridge, N.J. W7EQM Albert W. Beck Big Sandy Mont. W2BFL Anthony J. Samallonis Elizabeth, N. J. W7FOS C. A. Gray Walls Waila, Wash. W2BQB William E. Kind Bren, N. Y. C. W7FMG F. E. Parker Rockport, Wash. W2CAD Paul A. Ward Newark, N. J. W7GG Geo. D. Crockett, Sr. Milwauke, Oreg. W2DXK Irving Megefl Brooklyn, N. Y. W7llW8DHQ Sumner W. Oatrom Milwaukie, Oreg. W2GAM R. L. Petrasek, Jr. Newark, N.J. WVSQ James E. Williss Dieringer, Wash, W2GIY John C. Muller Bronx, N. Y. C. W8ACB Raymond Jelinek Detroit, Mich. W 2 I F .1 R. L. Petrasek, Jr. Newark, N. J. W8ANB Carl P. GCoetz Hamilton, Ohio W21IPR S. Kokinchak Yonkers, N. Y. W8AVL E. W. Watton Rochester, N. Y. W2SM James E. Johnston New York, N. Y. WSBDtQ Harold C. Whitford Hornell, N. Y. WSJB William N. Wilson Philadelphia, Pa. WSDI E. E. Hertz Cleveland, Ohio W4iBOE C. T. Lee Birmingham, Ala. WSDME Charles J. Heiser Auburn, N. Y, W4BSQ S. L. Hicks Birmingham, Ala. WSEDR W. O. Beck Toledo, Ohio W4DHP Albert R. Keyser Birmingham, Ala. WaOHX' H, E. Owen Angola, N. Y. W4DLW Harry Hill Savannah, Ga. WSKCL Charles J. Heiser Auburn, N. Y. WiJY T. J. Jones Birmingham, Ale. WSLQT J. H. Melvin Rochester N Y, W4LO L. C. Eron Birmingham, Ala. W8MCJ Albert S. Arkie Weston, ,. Va. W4SE C. M. Gray Birmingham, Ala. W9CCK John J. Noonan Chicago, IlL. W5ABQ Gerald Morgan San Antonio, Texas W9DBY Kenneth G. Alley Marion, Ill. WSASD Frank A. Finger Farmington, Ark. W9DMZ Clarence Kraus Kansas City, Kans. W5BHO D. H, Calk Houston, Texas W9ENV G. G. Fordyce Waterloo, lowa WSCAP William L. Cane San Antonio, Texas W9GVY E. 0. Schuman Chicago, Ill. WSEI F. H. Ward Houston, Texas W9HNR Geo. E. Herschbanch Granite City, Ill, WSEXY H. R. Fees Oklahoma City, Okla. WhJPJ P. N. Stephenson Waterloo, Iowa WSEYG L. IM.Reed Oklahoma City, OkIa. W9MEL Harold S. (Mel) Hart Chicago, Il. WSFGC Milton T. Lyman Shreveport, La. W9NYD Elmer Zitzman Reoxana, Ill. WSJC J. B. Hives San Antonio, Texas W9PNH Frank Riggs Roekford, Iii. W6AOR Francis M. Sarver Los Angeles, Calif. W9RBM Ernest O. Bertrand Kansas City, Mo. WSCRM William H. Johnson Lynwood, Calif. W9RCN Darrel C. Priest JefforsotnvIlle. Ind. WuDDP John H. Barnes Pacific Beach, Calif. W9RRX Bob J. Adair Midlothian, Ill. WOEV Lester P. Hammond Hollywood, Calif. W9RYF S. V. Jennings New Albany, Ind. W6FWM Victor B. Appel Los Angeles, Calif. W9S Frank Smith Waterloo, Iowa WSGFI Roy Meadows Los Angeles, Calif. W9SMF Albert H. Waters Alton, Ill, WOHLK Charles A. Noyes Beverly Hills, Calif. W9SOO Harry V. Eyring Kansas City, Mo. WGHLX Frank A. Maher Los Angeles, Calif. W9VBF Joihn Morrall Chicago, Ill. WOHOB Rudy Rear Las Vegas, Neov. W9VLM Harold Fleshman St. Joseph, Mo. WOIAH S. E. Hyde Los Angeles, Calif. C.a d VE3AHZ Thos. Yates BPeaverdams, Ont. VESGK Sid Burnett Toronto, Ont. FRATERNITY GROWS BY COMMUNICATION January, 1936 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators 33

Brother Roher, really a psychologist. Net, the buck as they have been doing in the though not entirely well, was up and Johnny City Electrical Inspector Meikels gave an past. on the spot. enlightening talk on the why and wherefore I would like o see more on this subject as Brother Fred Jackson is now the temporary of his department. A square shooter, Brother the WPA seems to be a thriving business. city fire alarm technician until January 1; Meikels, he has no favorites, it has to be In the state of Louisiana we are on the eve glad to see him get it. done right or else,and don't start an argu- of an election. The results will be known The condition of this local is financially ment on the code--he knows it too well. January 22. We have records on part of the good and all the members optimistic with Then Al Sessions gave an interesting talk candidates, others are a little hard to get at, a feeling of good fellowship. on union label. Some very good arguments however we expect to have friends of labor We wish the International Ofiers as a on why to buy union-made goods and why in Washington, also at our state capitol. whole, the JouIrN, Editor, and all the JOUR- it is of vital importance to remember not J. L. CONnTT, NAL readers and Brothers a happy, prosperous only your own craft but always to keep President. New Year 1936. in mind the union workers that help manu- J. W. HulcNcs, facture the artide you have in mind when , U. NO. 500SW,SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS San Antonio, where the sunshine spends you go to make a purchase. I.mpreslve. the winter. These progrems are put on to keep the Editor: This is the writer's first attempt to place public union minded'* and Bakersfeld is a L. U. NO. 526, WATSONVILLE, CALIF. very good example of what grows out of this local in your columns. However, here liberal minds-live and let live. goes. Editor: The station is local-WSXAI-1550 kilo- Our firt meeting this month there were No one should criticize the first early ef- cyles, time 6:I5-6:45 P. S. T. so many absentees, and as we wwere nearing forts of the present administration to lessen We would like to hear from more Brothers Christmas when the feeling of good fellow- distress, but now after three years of failure telling us what they think of this idea. ship is general throughout the nation. it of the alphabetical methods tried by it, that was decided to give a smoker and general have proven to be failures, we have a right Cnn No. 970123. get together at the close of our next regular to know where it is all going to end. meeting, and see how many Brothers would Millions of people are out of work because respond, and oh, boy, did it workl At our industry is paralyzed, and the banks are L. U. NO. 446, MONROE, LA., regular meeting held December 19 President unable to lend the depositors money safely. Editor: W. Robinson had appointed Brothers E, B. Industry was unable to use public credit. I am in accord exactly with Brother Rowan and B. C. Radke as entertainment so that those who were unemployed can be put "Bachie" of 211 in regards to WPA. As to committee, who circulated the intended blow- back to work at their former occupations. eriticism, I welcome it, that is the purpose of out through the membership, and we saw The only way to reach this end is to allow this letter. such a response it was unbelievable. Then our money, that is public credit, to come In the November issue you complimented we had a real party, and everyone left in back to us through industry. WPA in Fort Worth or at least the average the wee small hours feeling the entertain- The CWA, SERA, SRA. PWA, ad now reader would think so. In L. U. No. 446'a ment committee had done themselves proud. WPA, were all efforts of the administration districtt it is a thorn in our side and will be Brother Bill Loftin, who has been on the to accomplish this result, but so far as doing as long as the WPA officials continue to pass sick list. was present last meeting, and aI- it are complete failures.

WORKERS WAIT IDrwa sgpei fr w1trl i1e Jo irnZ Woraeby Ibirle Goodwin 34 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators Jznuary, 1986

F/rst the CWA blew up and left countless all I hear Brother Perrly is building lines for laborers. At the start of til part of the projects unfinished because funds enough TVA on one side of the road while thi work there were very few card men on the had not been allocated to Mfinishthem. The Tennessee Electric Power Company crew is job, but gradually more union men cauIe on same thing happened again and again all building lines on the other side of the road. the job and the improvement in the work through these alphabetical setups,. Well that power company gang will have became apparent almost immediately. The principle of carrying out these proj- to go some to beat Brother Perry with a Since the completion of this line job there ects under these varous setups was that crew of good union men. I called on Brother has been a slight lull in work, waiting for the federal government would furnish the Perry while he was ill and I fear he was other jobs to be undertaken. These jobs money for labor if the city, county, or what- under the false impression that his grip are now starting up, although as yet it is ever tile political subdivision is called, would was slipping, impossible to give specife details of the jobs furnish the material and tools. In other Brother Wages is at the helm of tilhe main- now getting under way. words, there were two bosses on every proj- tenance crew, this rewl including "Dad" But enough regarding the work. Let's ect, which never does work out. Beckman, one of our oldest and bet, and turn to educational and rereational ac- The local division tkes from its unem- Gene Weatherby. There two Brothers are t(ivitia. ployed rolls the class or clase, of labor doing .all the climbing and all of the hot Inside and outside electrieal worIers are needed. However this does not help indus- stiek work. taking advantage of the TVA training try to prosper. Industry could employ this Owen Waldrop has Just completed the eourse here, and about 200 are enrolled labor if these projects were contracted by Pickwick line job. Details of this will be in classe with the following subjects being private contractors at better wages than are found later in this article, This fellow studied: Practical direct current electricity, paid on these projts now under the present Waldrop has certainly gone along with or- esentils of alternating current, and iadus- system, and the eots are greater than if ganlsed labor hand in hand all of the way, trial eletricity power plant installation. done by private eontract. maintaining practically a 100 per cent or- These courses are fundamental ones leading In one city an important sewer job, done ganized crew. up to proposed advanced cou.res which are under unemployment relief methods. cost Brother Bob MeFerrin has been trans- to deal with interior wiring, electrical ma- $64,5i50, while this same job under private ferred from under WaIdrop to Perry and chinery, line construction, transformers, watt contract could have been done for $18,000. he is now foreman at Dayton, Tenn. meters, armature winding and servicing of These alphabetical setps do not help our Broither Grver Waldrop is foreman for electrical appliances. unemployment situation, rather they make Henry Perry at Fayettevllle, Tenn.. Groer R. G. Sawyer, who has carried a card with it worse. is a hustler and he sure had to do that little I. B. E. W. since 1905 but who in recent Mlany workers do not want to go on relief thing during Perry's illness, but Grover years has been engaged in trade and indus- But are forced to do so against their wills came through 100 per cent. trial training work, is supervisor of this because they would not be allowed to work W. C. .arerove.one of our former Broth- job-training in the Shoals area for TVA. We on these projects otherwise. ers and, by the way, a mighty fine fellow also have as instructors Brother Thompson Then again the huge administrtIrve forces and one of the only elbow-benders who could of our local, and Brothers Evans, formerly that are employed, at good wages, to handle bend with me-if you know what I mean- business agent of the Miami, Fl., local. these projects use up more money than the who was for the past few weeks at Chat- Like other TVA employees here at the project itself costs. tnooesa, lenn., has been transferred back Shoals, we are having a lot of fun in our There is only one answer to this problem, here, resuming his old position as chief clerk leisure time. If you had been fortunate and this is it: When the federal government under Owen Wahirop. enough to have visited various communities allIoates funds for a projct for workers* Brother John Sharp is, as usual, very this past simmer you would have seen many wages, and the city, or county furnishes ma- busy rearranging the 154,000 KV switchyard of us taking part in barebll and softball terials and tools, all the funds should be on the upstream side of the Wilson dam league games, tennis tournaments, croquet, placed in the city or county treasury, bids hydro station. This is a similar job to tile horseshoe pitching, volley ball and similar should be advertised for, and a contract one jtst completed at the downsteam yard, outdoor spartw. awarded to the lowest responsible bidder. both of thee switchyard joba being done On Labor Day the TVA Recreational As- These projects would be done at a much by practically 100 per cent union crews iron sociation co-operated with the Tri-Cities lower cost to the taxpayers, and in less the serieceorganilation at thie Wilson dam Central Labor Union in promoting a big time than they are done now; mtore money plant. progra, of mass sports and games at Ki- would be placed in circulation and more The recreation field, through co-operation wanis Park, more than 1.000 union members nIoney would go to the worker who needs of Mr. B, B. Bessesnon, John Sharp and II and their friends partipating. In the va- it mast. number of volunteers, is now lighted for rious communities family community nights This waste of public funds should be night use and play. arc being held, with community singing, am- stopped because the present system is a Here are the details I promised on tile ateur plays, ommunity games and recrea- failure, and as long as it I. handled as it lonstruetion of the 154 KV Pickwick line. tional movies being features. There is a is now always will be. P. C. MACKAY. Mr O0. A. Waldrop was construction superin- group of TVA players organized for real tendent of the pole line work, while Mr. B. drama presentations, and wives of TVA em- Hii. Cooke was in a similar position on the ployees have entered community L. U. home arts NO. 558, FLORENCE, ALA. steel tower construecion. clubs, conducting clases in craft work. Editor: This is a 164,00 volt line, 40 miles in On Hallow'on eve,TVA employees held a After many months absence from the length and the longest span is 2,446 feet. big outdoor celebration, with all of the ex- raks here Iam back again with news from The job was begun June 17, 1935, and the pected and usual activities signalizing this Musle Shoals, the TVA and L. U. No. 558. line was energized September 8, 1935. date and more than 1,060 persons took part. The most important happening, inIImy esti The pole work consisted of three A. S. C. R. The children of TVA employees are not niation, since my last letter is that L. U. 387,00 C. t. conductors, with two 7/16 overlooked. This summer playgrounds were No 558 new has a full-time business agent. seven-strand steel static wires. The type provided, and wherver desired and deemed He has been needed badly, and if we could of construction was U-frame using 687 west- feasible Boy and Girl Seout troops have have had him when TVA started many things ern cedar poles, 50 to 90 feet high. some been organized. could have been accomplished for the good dead end structures having 22 guys. This W, have taken an active part also in a of organized labor. Well, Brothers, our project furised employment to approri- series of monthly labor forums, inaugur- busineas agent is Brother Lo Petree, a live mately 25 linemen and 70 ground men. The ated under the sponsorship of the Tri-Cities wire, mister-fearless, and he has every- general foreman on the pole work was S. P. Central Labor Union, which we believe will thing that's needed for the job. Becker. The foremen were Bob Mererrin, be productive of much good to organized We seem to be going along well, although B. A. Thonlpson, H J. .Houston,W. S. "Cow- labor. These forums are open to the gen- we have a few Brothers pounding sidewalks boy"' Ilefin, H. E, McArthur and "Unlee eral public. The first was held recently in because of layoffs at Joe Wheeler dam, which Charlie" Knowlion, I was privileged to be the Florence courthouse and was attended is now nearing completion and taking fin- one of the inspectors of this pib. preyious by more than 500 people. The next will be ished shape rapidly. We're still waiting to acceptane on completion, and it was as held shortly. !or the IU. S. Supreme Court deision on good a line-constructed job as I have ever On Saturday evening, November 23, we TVA validity, and if those nine revered looked at in every one of Its n.any details. had the pleasure of attending a big mass gentlemen decide favorably for TVA they The oame force on this part of the job con- meeting to hear U, S. Senator George W. will be sure enough gentlemen-in big eapi- sited of W. C, Hlargrove., chief clerk; M. A, Norris, of Nebrasla, who was inspecting tai lettrs-with me. If their decision goes Martin, assistant; and P. J. Bevins, ma- the TVA properties here at the Shoals. This the other way yon can certainly easily guess terial clerk. meeting was held in the Sheffield high school my opinion, Brothersl I don't dare write The steel section conssted of 30 steel auditorium and the big auditorium was it! towers. from 106 to 204 feet high of the filled to overflowing. Senator Norris, Co,- Brother Perry, on the sick list for two Blw-Knox type, with both grillage and gemsmen Crmchail.I, Starnres, Hill and months, is now out and hard at the job concrete footings. This jouh gave ermploy- IRankin, together with Dr. A. E, Morgan, again, tationed at Fayetteville, Teln. From ment to about 10 foremen, 40 linemen and 60 chairman of thi TVA board. were a.l pres- January, 1936 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators 35

ent and spoke. Dr. Morgan' statemoent course she ever sailed and oftentimes with- day booms. Every hall and room available that nothing worthwhile wan ever accom- out mluch or i supporting crew. seems to be housing some kind of govern- plished quickly, and his advice to this dis- We've got to humble our pride and admit Illent activity. However, due.to government triet to have faith in the TVA, ib myy ,in- they have dione more to bolster our morale co-operation, lenIn thIe project are aIble to ion, gave us much ncouragemeint for the than we can e.-er adjust in curency valul, secure room and board for $10 per week. The ruoLure in this section. an] ineibintally it was special business of business manager wishes to emphasize that The construction at Pickwick Daon, accord- the local tonighl to deterlline som p ra.- courtesy extended him by government Co. ins to reports we get from Brothers on the tical aonoffensive method to tr.ngthcn oPeration was almost incredible in coeipari- job there, is moving along Line now, and the our hard-socked treasury departmunt. Pro- son with years of xperlenie in attempting progress being mad*-if our news is right- Cedure was adopted that we are aronllderLt to do business with the average public will soon warrant more skilled workLers We will wark out to our advantage--and per- official. M. CT, MCdK.N.. are giadi note that mo or menr )irolhprs haps io you r. laid off through rapid compliinn.. .f the -ere's soimethinig new for the book, L. U. NO. 613, ATLANTA, Wheeler danm job are now at work on the Brothers, so far as we know . GA. Picklick Editor: ldam job. It is a big nuires of We ire goilng to try it out aid the ideao, I was very sorry to have .leasurealso in regard to the Plickwiek sponsored by our financial secretary, John missed writing job to know that the eletrical workers and you last month, but I had very tfew things Archambeiu, secured the unanimous ap- of interest linemen employed there now are practically proval Ir the local, and will since the closing of the Fisher be applied by Body job in Atlanta. All union mee. our exescutive board to collect variaus lonley Some of our members, On ilfiir oa L. U. No. i5 and all o,( its dte tile local by individual members. and hero including the writer, nmember we wish to extend to all of our it eis "Any nlemhner arnilng in excess have just retu rod frui, the Fisher Body of job in Memphis, Brothers our sincere and heartiest wishes $20 per reik will be nsaessed 10 per enIt of Tlnn., and we wish to take this opportunity for & inost merry thristrmas and a pros- the week's piLy. or a minimum of to thank Local No. 474 $1, to apply and their business perous and happy New Year. on his indebtedness to the local." let's maliager, Brother C. E. Miller, for their kidnes/; t nou,both JOHN GIInAM.* have discussion on that one. for get- ting our members on the job and their friend- If Past President James Nicholson, who liness while we were there. so far as I know is in government radio They had the true southern hospitality L U. NO. 567, PORTLAND, MAINE service in Washington, D C., chances and to read they showed it in this letter I would every way and made us Editor: appreciate a card of ac- feel at home. We also had the pleasure of knowledgment as he remarked about Here's ou, best wishes for a ,prosperou two meeting some of the Brother from other years ago he was always interated in ietters and happy New Year to all international ocals,. such as St. Louis. Kansas City, from Local No. 567 appearing in Pe- nfficers and to the combined .memberhip of the Jot aNAL. troit, Shreveport and Jackson, Tenn. I be- as it helped him keep in touch with tihe boys the 1. B. E. W. This should can.e some sort lieve that a job like this one, where we he ned con of surprise. whether welcoel or not, since to work With. ellet and know the members from other 1. U. No. 567 has had no representtion in the A few years ago when "Quoddy/" the big parts of the country does a world of good, . governmlent JOU.NAI for several years. controlled and political storm it gives us a new idea of what is going on in I should like to correct any misapprehen- center, tidewater priojet, was the dream of the diffeernt locales. sion on the part of douting skeptics., and its inventor, Dexter P. Cooper, I took occa- We also had the pleasure of renewing our many of the worthy scribes I used to meet sion to secure considerable data relative to acquaintance with the Brothers from Nash- in friendly combat, that perhaps I have its proposed method of operation, various vile, Chattanooga. Tenn., and last, but not blo]i dilling a stretch" but tile fact is there possibilities and international difficulties least, that one-man delegation from Mobile, was nothing to write about. except hard presented. 1 revall that I reeived nunuerous Ala. tiies, and worse luck, so why annoy any- letters from various sections of the country, It is the sincere wish of the members of one by adding up our tale to the volumes some of which seemsed to convey the imipres- Local No. 6it that we may be able sonime day on ille? And I suppose I was ornery enough sion I was having a pipe dream, and because to return this favor nd call on Local XNo. of to aimlily absent myself. its nova] features even the JounnAL re- 474 for some of its members to help put up But times have been tough, they are now, quested me to supply a little nn dieftinile another good job. iand will continue long after prosperity has information, which was furnished and Before closing let me again thank Brother printed. approached around that old corner that has Miller and LocaI No, 4j and wish them the been such an obstacle, for even when better Tile stories that come out of "Quoddy"' best of luck and surces with their campaign rondiilions are assured, that on't retint today nre vague and misleading, editorials against open shops and temporary eards the gray hairs nor erase the lines of worry and volumes have been written, sonie faeet. Here's hoping that we see ail the boys ral. tilhe faces of lhe boys who have aged some fancy, so for whatever benefit any me,- again seool. P '. CFlisnIAN 10 years in the last five. That's on impres- her of the I. B. E. W. may derive her's the ion on loo.king them over in assembly; that's story of our activities at the project, briefly, how I feel myself. butplease he asaurd, correctly. So let's L. U. NO. 713, CHICAGO, ILL. Conditions are a lot bitte at current take time out and go down with Ed ]yessen- Editor: writing than they have been for years with den, who for this expedition has laid aside Jut a few lines to wish al the officers and relations between the contractors centin- the robes of dignity as president ani ias memtbers of the International Brother]olod nag pleasaotly. There is more local job- eaumed the more effective one, of business of Electrical Workers a prosperous and binc a l]t of out-of-town jolls being erti mnanager- healthy New Year, and also offer tie wish rale.d, some secured. and on the whole indi- The first jb on tile project was a WPA that some. .er.y denit action will be taken rtioens are that there will be a lot of work temporary husing one at the security wage to organize shop eletrical workers during in the next few months. This is Iot en- of $63 per leuoth, but had no appeal to our the coming year. The nlchinery has been, tirely a seasonal fouriah, althuugh we do conditions atd was ]t considered. The set up, now to see that it operates,. a lot of Cnriatmas store and street decorat- tjxpi ce{ ws the gener al Orac, Local No 713, with the assistance of Vic ing, and the feeling seemi to prevail that awarded to Slapnick Co., union contrators, President Boyle and Representative Cleary, this is not onother of those dreaded spurts of Boston, who sublet the electrical work to has just celn-udel I very good agreemi.ent for that have misled us so Iarny imes. aiid we Calirle CO. of Boston. whom we advised the switchboard and i...iel board men, bring- al mnos dare to pllhey thaLit r sent busi that the wage Caile of $1 per hour would lire ini our s-al1 f1r thse noen back to $1 12¼ ness conditions will continue. This gill be vail, which was mutually agreed. per hour for journeymen, and $1.25 per hour extremely ecouraging to a Lot of the boys Through the courtesy of the Bar Hfabor for foresme , along with duI.ble tine for all who have been earning $5 to $10 per week, Local joint jurisdiction wag xtCadied, per- overtime. Ws were very happy to learn and more tiCne, than we care to brag about rnlItinr an equiil number of Tlen from each r0INC time ago that Lucal No. 3 has taken an hinve ,drawn down nothing flat. local to be used. interest in this cilass of work and we trust I don't wish to create the inircession thlat Negotiatiion for wages, nsignmnle if jur- that other large sIetars will do likewise bcasuse times seem bettoer that I am barging isdietion, was accomplished by Internationa i We believe that if a real effort were maide in on the crest of a wave of prosperity or Vice President (Charles Keaveey, whose un- to educate our mlemhership as to the .alur personally attempting to shape the destiny liriig efforts is ecustomry. are deserving of of the uniOln label, that a ampaign of that of the local. It is my pleasure that I am highest cemlimenrt. ktid wouldd l several thousand n crber. to permittcd this opportunity t cr.ate alCl les- Ti the report submitted by Busines Mni- the roster of the Brotherhood. srblc influence in advertising the efficiency of ager Ibessenden, who made several trips with It is our intention to call this matter to our piesen t staff of offcers tllder the capable Brother Kiaveney, he made specal reference Che attention ofl! loal unionCin llinois, arid administration of President Ed Fessenden. to the transformatIIon that has taken the neighboring states, in thevery near future. They are deserving of our tribute, special old Eiistport, where he has formerly worked, Noticed in the Chicago Tribune that Lo.a. iletion and what have you for Iheir success from a quiet village developing into a city No. 3 has a lawslit en its hands for tryisg Iu navigating the old hip over the toughet hzill oiSt well ceopare with the old jiminhg to do justice to its members, and ally ours 36 The Journal of Eleetriceal Workers and Operators January, 1936

in the switchboard line, and we want them to of organised labor with one or two co-workers tronomieal mathematics we will try to ex- know that we hope and trust that they will who hold membership in 1. B. E. W. press ourselves on the various pension bills. successuloly de/end all their actions. If it is October. 1933: Plant department of tele- As to the bonus, we think perhaps it would legally possible, I believe the Brotherhood phone company becomes union stronghold. be better to leave that to Congress to be should let the proscuLing companies know February 1, 1934: Wage increases were the goat. that we don't care much about their stuff. granted to plant department employees of There is no local news of general interest. If moral support will do you any good. phone company. However, we wish that anyone knowing the loaOl No. 8, you certainly have it from Local April 1, 1934: Telephone company raises whereabouts of E. F. (Whitey) King would No. 713. J F. Sm. wages and living standards of its employees. commnunicate with us. Business Manager. November, 1934: Telephone eonmpany estab- With this we start the New Year and wish lishes uniform wage classification.s. you all the best of everything during its September, 19365 General wage increases entirety. L. U, NO. 723, FORT WAYNE, IND. granted telephone employees. L. R. M asuRy, Editor: October, 1935: EXTRA; EXTRAI Harold This is the time of year when the met- Smith joins the union. chant takes an inventory of his goods to Was it not that wise old philosopher, Ben show him his proat or loss. What have we, DEATH CLAIMS PAID FROM DECEM- Franklin, who said "We must all hang to- BER 1 INCLUDING DECEMBER as employees of public utilities, to inventory, gether or we will all hang sparately?" particularly the telephone workers in our Anon ScnRraca. 31, 1935 local? To answer this quesltion the writer P. S. Frank Charn wishes to announce L. U. Name Amount is going to take you back, not to January 1, that due to changes in his working sehedule No. 1935, but back about five years into the era he will be unable to promote any further box- 1. 0. J. T. Bro wnwn $1,000.00 of the money-mad atck promoter, the em- iltg bouts the balance of this season. 52 J. Treongn.. 1,0.000 pire-building capitalist and the rugged in- A. S. 130 N. J., Hoey 1,000.00 dlvidualist of the year 1930. He is going to 717 J. J. Kelly .. 1,000.00 give you the story in the form of news 9R. Scanlon 1,000,00 flashes, a Ia Walter Winchell. L. U. NO. 1002, TULSA, OKLA. 763 M. G. Drier ...... 300.00 If these lines happen to come to the atten- Editor: 88 Theo J. Dawson 1,000.00 tion of any of the officials of the telephone Long before this is in print, you in Wash- 134 Jan. J. McGovern ...... 1,000.00 company it is hoped that they will not be ington will have Congress with you again; so 53 S. W. Chase...... 1,000.00 offended, as these facts are being written we should not add to your trials and tribula- 1 A. C. Schmidt ...... 1,000.00 only to prove to the members of this local tions. It seemns, however, that the best way 1. 0. W. C. McConnell...... 1,000.00 the importance of organilation and not to to create interest in the JOUSNIL is to write 3 Joe. Workman...... 1,000.00 irritate the management of a eoncern that something for it; for then, everyone read it 195 Alex Taylor . 1,.00.00 has proven Its ability to co-operate. 134 W. C. Haslett 1,000.00 March. 1930: One of the telephone trouble- to see how big a dunce we hare made of 9 ., Woodtiff ...... 1,000.00 men suffered the misfortune of colliding with The big questions in regard to Congress 3 A. G. Proas.. .._ _ 1,000,00 a truck while driving a company car on a are: "What are they going to do with the 17 C. Driaseoll. 300.00 downtown street last Monday. But where 83 F. D. FPer --.-.. was the poor bay Tuesday and all day labor bills that the courts have ruled un.on- 1,000. stitutlional. the pension bills, and the I.0. W. J. Keatin g 1,000.00 Wednesday? 38 Tbos H. Prendergast 1,00000 January, 1981: A good many of the em- bonus]" In our meager schooling we were taught 184 E. M. Brennan-.. . 1,000.00 ployees of the telephone company are earn- 124 E. T. Smith ...... 1,000.00 ing a little extra spending money by selling that the Constitution was a basic law from 38 W. J. O'Connell 1,000.00 preferred stlck of the Telephone Bond and which all satutory la was authorized. And Share Co. to their relative. and friends at that this basic law was to be interpreted a 5 R. P. Adams .. ... 14.8 time went on to fit the occasion and circum- 134 F. B, Crsap...... 1,000.00 $100 per shae; said stock is listed on the l. 0. B, E White ...... 1,000.00 Chicago stock exchange at $97. stanest of the times. If this be true, and the February, 1931: This writer was in to see courts are unable to find authority for the 134 P. L. Erickson...... 1,.000.00 the plant superintendent this morning re- various labor and social bills passed by the 77 0. E. Waite- -...... 1,000.00 41 W. F, Mary garding working conditions and a wage In- last Congress, then what we are expecting . 1,000,00 rease. He was thrown out on his ear, in a of this Congress is the establishment of this 817 Thos. O'Reilly ...... 1,000.00 diplomatic way. authority even If it requiret the submission 358 E. A. Moran . -. 1,000.00 September, 1931: The Telephone Bond and of an amendment to the Constitution. 28 0. E. Gillaspey _.. 1,00.00 Share Co., including subsidisries, for the six In these modern times the commere and 18 T. U. Nlan...... 1,000.00 months ending Jane 30. reports a consoli- industry of the various states are more in- 213 W,. MKenzie.. 1,.000.00 dated net income of $483,639 after deprecia- termingled than were the industries of 134 F. Aug. Mondsthein 10.00 tion, federal taxes and other charges, as counties in the nineteenth e.ntury. We 492 Jos. 0. ormn .... 1,000.00 against $452,439 in the corresponding period cannot agre then that it is unonstltutional of 193. The increase in net income in the and undemocratic for the federal government Total - 2,764.68 fae of a redution of sbout 5 per cent in to eaonsider that the ation of intrastate com- gross revenoues was made possible by oper- mere has a very direct bearing and Influ- ating economies and saving on interest enc upon the continuous flow of interstate FINGER ADVANCES charges. commerce. The diemakers' strike of 1933 Frank Finger (W5ASD) passes goern- January. 1932: Telephone company reducee delayed the delivery of the new 1934 model meant examination with grade of 95 pr cent. working hours, thereby reducing earning cars to us hare in Oklahoma, yet to our AcCeptS a position with the Waterman power of employees. knowledge there are no dies made in this Steamship Company as radio operator. December, 1932: Telephone company or- state for any of the I ager automobile Frank Finger is a member of L. U. No. 124, ders general wage reductions. manufactuiers. Kansas City, Meo. January, 1933: Telephone Bond and Share With the country burdened with an army passes dividends on its stock. of 11,000.000 unemployed, we must either ad- February, 1933: Telephone Bond and mit that the Constitution is out of date and MILLIONAIRES BOSS CHICAGO Share drops to a new low. rewrite or amend it to suit the modern time March, 1933 Mister, can you spare a and nsed; or, in somn manner convince the Eleven millionaires run Chicago govern- {lime? courts that it is not a desecration of the ment, according to Norris Markey in an April 6, 1933: EXTRA-Congress permits theories of democracy to interpret the pres- article in the Red Book Megaine. They ar: the sale of 3. beer. Jim Hunter gains 12 ent Con.titution so that again we may be Edward E. Brown, president of the First pounds. led by a government, by and for .11 the National Bank; Waiter Cummings, chair- June, 1933: The five employees of the P. B people; instead of being hurled to the depths man of the Continental Illinois bank; X. division are working under four wage of depression by a government by and for Charles O. Dawes, president. City National classfieation,. water boy reeiving highest the vsted interests of the nation. Bank; Albert D). Lsker, chairman, Lord puy in this group. That labor of Oklahoma expect, and de- 'and Thoma.; C. F. Swift, president, Swift July, 1933: President Roosevelt launches mands this of this Congress has been long and Co.; Robert H. Cabell, president, Armour NRA, giving employees right of collective and clarly stated by the leaders and press and Co.; John D. Hertr, taxicab maegnate; bargaining, Telephone company again re- of labor far enough in advance that our Frederick Sargent, president, Chicago and duces wages, Senators and Representatives will have no Northwestern Railway; rank Knox. pub- September, 1983: Plant department em. alibi if they do not support such bills. lisher, Chicago Evening News; R. R. Mc- ployees of telphone company discuss merits Later, when we have brushed up on as- Cormick. publisher, Chicago tribune. The Journal of Eleetrical Workers and Operators 37

Irother in their time of great orrow; anid be it further Itesolved. That a copy of thes resoltions be cse'l to tIle family of the, deease BrOther, a opy bL spread on the minuto or our local uafon, aid a copy le sent Ito the oflil Journal I IN MEMORI il I u Brotherhood for Publicatlon In the me.m I ory of Brother Moran, and that our charter shall be draped for 30 days. WILLIAM J. CLAUSEN' ELIWAIII J. BACiMAN, Seth W. Chase, L, U. No. 53 far rn eaontl. anId that a coiy of thin oemorial. Commfait tee. ii,~ slireadciI. Ib~~op n o .,I,i~] rniiitiiI.I ...I,. a co,".,, b.e,, ,,,I,Sarn N,to ROBIGT11.IVECK kItiU td tIelb ,wr, I7, 11 z, In L, e. 904 II f atuity. litd aI opy te s rit Ia the Electrical Workers .iquireanl for lirlihication. George Walte, L. U No, 77 lVhercqia it has D[laed the Aloiliibty God, II A, l: SWINrLI

NOTICE Labor Has Stake the recent improvement in building wire finish, Fully 90 per cent of the wire received complaints from Following this comes the new non- We have is now of the Safecote finish, stating that R. L. metallic wiring system development as production several local unions which provides a flame retarding, mois- and a explained in the November 23, 1935, is- Smith, carrying a card No. 29275 resisting, fishable wire. I have also of the Farm Engineer Journal. Are ture receipt from L. U. No. 352, is represent- sue mentioned the fuse development which is of the I. B. E. these the answers of the electrical in- ing himself as a member almost ready. There are other things W. We have no record of such a mem- spector and engineer to poorly con- coming along which, we believe, will and structed, inadequately protected metal ber in the International Office, adapt present used wiring systems to Recording Secretary R. J. Locke, of wiring systems? Is the contractor, the the inspector, the public, or any- fulfill the needs of their wiring scope and L. U. No. 352, states he has never be- worker, ask is that you people endeavor body going to benefit from all rubber cord all we longed to L. U. No. 352. R. L. Smith is to support our program of improved wviring? No! Even labor states as 40-50 years old, 5 feet 6 inches in standardized wiring materials. height, of medium build and wears a follows: mustache. All local unions are warned in the manufactur- CASEY'S CHRONICLES OF THE to be on the lookout. 'Labor has a stake ing business. The manufacturer can go WORK WORLD o'oulut{nnfrom pullo 24) MUST START the direction that some manufacturers REFORM OF INDUSTRY miss us, bhut. oh boy! When WITH STANDARDS are now going, namely, toward cheap, would ius' hazardous materials that can be installed them trains went a roain through, the froim page 15) (Continued by mere children, or the manufacturer noise was like the sereamin' of a thou- such as adaptable for use in damp places can feel an industry responsibility and sand demons in the lower regions. The breweries and ice factories. It should seek to create a product that will contain tunnel leaked some an' there was hours each also make an ideal job on the outside of day when the pumpin' engines was started the values necessary to a good wiring buildings. all goin' an' they fored the water right up into system. When the manufacturer and the the river bed. They was almost as uoisy "The next constructive move was to rise to their responsibility, they fittings engineer as the trains. When it was quiet yh could permit the use of non-metallic the skilled craftsman the big bosts goth' along over head. cable. A non- do not eliminate hear with non-metallic sheathed but support him. Whether the new types especially the old fashioned side wheelers. metallic sheathed cable job may now of wiring are going to create work or Once we heard a band piyin' on a boat. make a truly non-metallic wiring instal- lessen it must still be determined by in- We soon found out how to judge the air. lation. The non-metallic outlet boxes stallation on the job, but labor should be Looking out towards the nearest entrance, if and cabinets may also be used with knob the air showed bright an' clear, yah needn't wide awake to the types of material hurry out. If it was the color o' blood, not and tube construction. Another con- that are being produced and should move was the adoption of the so good. But if it was Jet black. yah took structive understand their relation to his job Daniel resolution, reading as follows: no chances. Once we stayed in a little too opportunity."* long an' when we got out we was staggerin' "'On premises where a continuous The answer to all this is quite simple. like drunken men. When we got back to sys- underground metallic water piping Metallic wiring systems have come into normal Terry laughed an' said, "If owned is not available as a grounding ele- tem use and have grown to their present wide this tunnel do "nb know what I'd do with trode and where it is not practicable use because they provide a safety, both it?" "Not" we says. "Well, I'd jIns' rent it out a grounnd of per- otherwise to secure and electrical, unattained by for cheap booze parties to get drunk in an' resistance, the use of a mechanical I'll bet I'd do a land office busliness." Another manently low any other system. You gentlemen know wiring method which does not employ job Terry an' me was sent on was to help the reasons for the requirements of metal repair a big, steel-armored telephone laid metal enclosures for the wires is recom- protected wiring far better than I do. the character or occu- in the bed of the river between Detroit an mended, unless just a few reasons-high vol- as to require To name Windsor. There was quite a hefty gang pancy of the building is such tage transmission of current; protection Hugablie McDonald. of a metal-enclosed wiring under a foreman named the use from possible transformer breakdowns; He chartered a tug an' loaded on all the sup- system.' modern building construction; installa- plies needed, including grappling hooks an' a "The last clause of this resolution is tion damage to electrical materials, and hig reel o' the same kind o' cable that was in ambiguous; perhaps insulated conduit return for short-circuited cur- trouble, We grappled otr the cable an' ground the shore on the Windsor systems may be developed. rents. There are probably many more. picked it up near "There remains a lot of constructive side. We hoisted it up across some heavy several articles in the The solution, therefore, is the manufac timbers put for it to slide on at the nose work to be done to ture of good, well protected wiring sys- code that specifically require metal clad o' the boat an' then tile captain, keepin' the tems whose parts fit into each other and enough head 33 for boat headed up stream with juIn systems. For instance, Article the support of the manufacturers who way to hold her again the current, started garages, Article 52 for hazardous loca- are making good materials by the rest moviil sideways across towards the other tions, and Articles 34 and 35 for motion industry, the architect shore. As the cable slid slowly over tilhe None of of the electrical pichture shows and theatres. his specifications, the timbers we had a good chance to keep gap- opinion, and engineer by these places are, in the writer's jobber and contractor by his buying, and pins for the trouble. Pretty soon we come en- to a place where it was twisted up into a made any safer when wired in metal installation. As a matter of the worker by his regular knot. You'd never think that heavy closed wiring systems. The manufacturers have already un- steel armor could have been doubled up like fact, in a hazardous location we are their houses in order as able to see where a metal enclosure makes started putting it was. We figgered it must .' been caught evidenced by improved materials and in some big ship's anchor. We passed that a safe job. An are may burn a hole now on the market. The rigid cause standards over an' inspected the rest of it an', about through the metal enclosure and conduit industry has raised its standard a couple o' hundred or more feet further on, or fire. an explosion test require- we found another very bad place so Hughie con- from a two-dipped preece "There Is no reason for requiring ment to a four-dip requirement, thereby decided to cut out the bad piece an' take cealed work in a frame or a wooden of enough off of the reel to fill in. The rest of doubling the quantity and protection got a joisted brick building occupied as a zinc. The metal underfiloorduct industry it beyond was all right. Hughie a metal enclosed lighter anchored out at the far break anw garage to be wired with Ins also written its standard for only wiring system and the same reasoning fastened the crble on to her. We jacked up zinc protected coatings and requires a the big reel on to the sta,,nds an' fastened the applies to a picture show or theatre. four-dip standard. The outlet box in- time to get the end of it on to the lighter, too, an' started "It is going to take dustry is going along to this standard as to reel it out. All the time we was movin' entire code straightened out but a good evidenced by the fact that the recent fed- back an across the river the captain kept the 1934 edi- start has been made with eral specifications for outlet boxes re- blowin' the whistle for boats to give us a tion,. Every member of the electrical quire a four-dip standard. The conduit wide berth. He was seared to death that committee should feel proud of the work fittings manufacturers are now working sonc of them big freighters 'ud get too lose for the so far accomplished to make rules along the same line. to us an' catch the cable, an' if.they had, use of electric current well we'd o' juis' got our wings o quick we safe and efficient You are probably all acquainted with by furnishing the trade constructive wouldn't o' know'd how to use 'et. ideas based on field needs." · ilectrica l Worker Journal. The river was juis' ousy ,ith boall. Oil January, 10986 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators tankers in threes, the head one with steam this change of venue must he regarded by press work of the Navy League of Amer- towlin' the other two. Freighters, passenger this organization as one exacting ex- ica, are full of propaganda, Every reader boat., ferry boats an' all kinds ' craft. None o' treme penalty to it. Any impediment to of 90 per cent of the world press, whether them caught us, but the big reel near rst the said hearing was not at all due to any he knows it or not, is the victim of pur- us to the bottom. We'd put a big two tInch sling around it an' fastened it to the tug so, action of this organization but to the poseful propaganda. in case the cable got jammed, the reel dilatory and improper tactics of the El In 1919, thanks to the National Secur- wouldn't go overboard. Well, the cable Paso Electric Company and its rounasl. ity eague's over-onfidence in its attack Jammed all right an' was half over the side Tile action of the National Labor Rela- on members of Congress. that body or- blforo tile hling held it. The weight an' tions Board in quashing complaint, re- dered an investigation and found that heavy pull ' thile reel stood the tug right on voking order directing investigation and the League was financially supported by her edge You'd o died .lauhin' if you'd o' hearing, and revoking order designating the following patriots: Brady, represent- sn as fellers ma.ikn' a mad rush fer the trial examiner appears to us to be an ing power and light; Du Pont, muni- high side o' thle tug. Luckily the hIleadway o' action of extreme character. Any trans- the tug eased up an' she slowly righted her- tions; Frick, battleship armor and the splI. If ghld kept gea'in another second fir of this case from El Paso to Wash- system of hiring thugs to murder strik- we'd all o' had to walk ashore. While they ington will of necessity put this organ- ing workmen; Morgan and Allied loans; was mokin' the splices we had lots o' time to ization to great additional expense, and Guggenheimer, copper. The backers of look roun' an' wonder where all the boats we believe will greatly lower the morale the National Security League were withl- come from an' where they was o' goin'. One of l.oeal Union No. 5S5, El Paso, the out exception multi-millionaires who o' the Windsor feller was tollin' os how, a branch of this organization most im- profited by war. little while before, a boat pulled ilp a lead m.ediately co.cerned. With the 1929 crash it soon beamre pipe on 'or anchor. The crew put a hole "We therefore are addressing this clear that our most effective leaders not in it an' found it was full o' whiskey. This only offered us false economic doctrines. feller explained that a big Canadian Brewery communication to your Board asking you had aid thil ii e acioss the river an was the following questions: but preferred to believe them and were usit' it to pump whiskey through to a ware- "1. What in substance is the status of attempting to conduct business of the house in IU. S. free o duty, an' he said, "If our case either before the National Labor country as if the lies were great e.o- themn d.-tIt ...ils on the boat had any snse Relatiuos Board or tie Regional Labor nomie truths. hi that erfurt they calne they would o' kept their yaps losed an' Board? close to wrecking the mind and spirit of went to the brewery man an' he'd paid them "'2. What is the next step in this new America. a miult 0' niey to keep quiet, but what did pro.ess? Do the charges duly filed with We were not permitted for many months them, d--n its l do? They tookeverythla, the Rg.ional Labor Board and duly acted to confront the reality of our situation-- on tfile bll , that would hold water, an' flied there was a psychological effort to lull pea- it up with whiskey an' they all had one ulpn by the Regional Labor Board still stand, or are they now before the Na- pie to sleep in the hope that by the time glorious, ftree drunk." It didn't tae tilehe, S. they awoke tile tcondition of September, 1929, offlersi long to get on to what this pipe tional Labor Relations Board? would be returned. The reality was that the was used for an' where it come firm, an' I "3. Are we to understand that the crash was a natural outcome of our system guess it oit the big brewery man a gorl findings accumulated in the long hearing of industry, finance, politics, and social life. many thioLI.sa.Ld i dollars to get the thing at El Paso, in which damaging testimony lThe Ires instead of furnishing us with squared up. After we got our first day's was elicited from company witnesses sound economic truth furnished the lie, and work doini ['err y an' me went across to which we regard as greatly supporting bunIcombe of the merchants of lseurileo, Detroit to see what the town looked like We the union's case, are to be wiped out? which termed an economic debacle a tech- run across ac ouplIe ' Cinueik I lefmon, an '4. Is the union now expected to bring nical situation, which blanmed everything on after we'd had a eoul.on o' drinlks, we got qlite the lack of confidence. sociable. One o/ them says, "Why don't you important witnesses ,O000 miles from El fellers quit Mother pell an get a job over as'o. to Washington and is the union ex- Truth Hard to Circulate on this sied'' lie says, "We got a union pected to employ counsel to represent it here, the N, B, i. W." "What does that stand before the National Labor Relations There were eeo nonslits who provedI thalt in fr?'' asked Terrly Onefellow snickered, an' Board? the boom years there was no national pros- savs: "It stands fr 'Ni, bum ever works.'" "We request a full and direct reply to perlity, that there were over two million But his pardner snaps hack,"Aw. shut up an unemployed; that farmers w rI bnlkrnpt;l these questions so that we may act in that 30 million of them were suffering; that talk sense It Lands fer National Brother- keeping with the law and with proper hood of W1 Wceteork-ers, an' it's a union 71 per rent of the population was living on for makin' better ,wages aii' erndition s fer regard to our own interests. In the mean- a scale hardly above the margin I f iae - lectrial1 worker n' any iinemnan is a d-n time we are leaving the charges filed sies. They found a smal public. 'lThe fool if he diin't join it, we'las' never against the El Paso Electric Company nespapers would nlot touch their anti- get anywhire on our own. here'a ne still lodged with the Regional Labor Anlerican idesi or facts. telephone compan y startin' up in oppsitiiI Board at Fort Worth. The chapter on the Plres and the Indi- to the Bell n' they're payin the anI,, '"Rlespectfully yours, viduai giv, some interetinrg illustrations of what the press can do to a lima who dares seale. whichi ii io anI a half a day of 10 "D. W. TRACY, houtrs. Ty're takin' on all union ieonan' o etpoae unpleasant facts relnting ton liit "InternationalPresident. hlusineas. The press helped to defeat Lind- have lots oW"rk nhead an' you'd tanrid a "MI. tL HFEIikq, good rliancre gettil'o a job if you Jlill thlw Ihrgh. the senior. when he rnn for governor ' "Director of Res.arch." uolo, "'Thank, ' aid Terry. eres two of Minnesota, and later if raiied liim. Sena- fellers that ul i ..tadirl' this way next tor LaFolltte was pilloried and peracuitel because for 20 years in Wisconsin and in the spriig if nothin' happen " We got the cable TAWDRY TALE OF KEPT PRESS Senate he hal been fightlig te protect the job finished theIII t ay anl' caught the train RETOLD bark to our home town. Terry took me to American people from the unjust oxaetion9 his hoarding house that night an' titon howed tcoItinhiel [rli, page. ii of o.wer1tl cororprate iterest: beause* he me his.'oon. Iii. says. "hoew'd yuh like to the American and Foreign Power, Amer- had organized and led the progressive nuuve- bunk in with ie. Billy? There's plerty o' mnit; because in the midst of war he fought ilca Ca(r andl Foundry, Bethlehem Steel, to lay ispon organized wealth and war spare for another hLd In' I'll get the lanrd American Smelting, and so on through a lady to put tne il', I ay, 'Toerry there's ,,iofiteers a fair proportion of the enormous oistf -ihlads, nines and public itili- Crt of paying for the war. nothin' I'd like better,' so I ovuxlisly tId ties. Every move that the Almerican over. gove n.. ent made toward intervention in How Fascists Work tuba and Mexico affected Whlitelaw EL PASO CASE EXEMPLIFIES The book is well worth the redinig by inly Reid's in vestments. oraker if .il.y for the chapter dlivoted to UTILITY POLICY Free Press vs. Free Ialr., The firnt thiig Purposeful War Propaganda that a dictsator does is to abisih tihe free vxnnaLt! him ,lbiril'tii2tttiuf. io. prestentrt In tile field of prolpagtaidla-to prepare preas. Nxt he abolishes the right of Illbor tircs were sglit to El Iaso the ease was o,trike Strikkes hae been liahIr. weann for ,arthe mind of the mass must be in- of lhogrvs in the eentury ot our idliistrlal prepreedl witnesses were asserniilield fluec.ed by positive and negative propa- evilizaton. Whe.ire the strike h]o been time and energy were expended during a ganda. The articles signed by ofiers of abolilshed. as in Italy. labor is reduerd to a period of 10 days at the hearing; so that the Natinail Se.urity League, the entire state of medieval peonu tire1, .Landards of 40 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators Janwary, 1986

livrng are lowered, the nation falls to a son Institute admitted a total expendi- own enrichment without affording fair subsistene level. ture of $256,160 in opposing "political consideration for the consumers. In free countries, notably England, France, attacks on the electric industry." "Bankers and industrial executives Sweden and the United States, labor is still The recalcitrant utilities' industry is have built up for themselves arbitrary rights and privnleges, It fighting for more prepared to fight regulation by the Se- control over distribution and legal rights realizes that strikes cannot be successful unless there is public sympathy, and that curities and Exchange Commission- to protect their vested interests. They public sympathy or antagonism is manufac- to which the enforcement of the holding have done this on the assumption that tured by the press. In Pittlsburgh it was companies act was entrusted-to the last they are the only investors. They have long klsown that papers could be more or less legal ditch. A law suit endeavoring to ignored or obscured the fact that to depended upon to suppress news of strikes. prove the act unconstitmtional is now in carry on production there must be in- But in the San Francisco strike of 1934 the the courts, and it will be appealed until tangible as well as tangible investments press played the role of strike-breaker. the Supreme Court has handed down a The intangible investments made by There the press, augmented by the voice of decision. John W. Davis, Morgan a- those who plan, direct, and carry out the radio orators, preached fear and hatred, torney, has been retained in the case. production plans are indispensable to Many of the papers failed to print even the oMical declaration of the strike comI- For the past year the industry has the undertaking and require invest- unittee giving the reasons, causes and griev- been threatening and calling "Wofl" ments of intelligence and work capacity ances. The people of San Franciso were to other industries, trying to frighten and the coordination of the individual's completely befuddled by the press, which was them into believing that the government whole life to conform to industry's itself hysterical and which raised the usual is about to take them over soon. In a press needs. These producing workmen are red banner to assist its hysteria over the statement before the holding company just as truly contrihuting partners in the masses. bill had been passed, President MaCarter production enterprise as are those who In 18s the Blue Eagle appeared every- of the Edison Institute declared holding invest capital, and should have the where and men's hearts beat with a fine free same right to a voice in determining rhythm. A wave of enthusiasm and opti- companies to be "necessary and useful mias engulfed natlion and press unanimously instruments" in financing the "meteoric distribution and equal security for their headlined applause,. Most everyone had been growth of this industry." He admitted investment. mobilized behind its victorious banner but that there were grave abuses in holding "The organization of these producing the newspaper publishers. They cme with company pyramiding, but claimed such workers to establish and maintain the a code, written by themselves, which was the abuses '"rarely involved operating com- status of partners in production will most dishonest, weasel-worided code presented panies" and that, therefore, their exist- provide one of the essential mechanisms to General Johnson. It was loaded with all ence is of no consequenee to consumers. to industrial balance. Unless balanced sorts of jokers and exemptions carefully de- And here is the biggest laugh of all. distribution is developed the world will signed to enahble newspapers to esape the live in squaloter, simply because it knows obligations which their editorial pages were MeCarter, practically wringing his clamorously urging all other employers to hands, points to the taxes paid annually how to produce a greater abundance assume. by the utilitiea' industry and sobs, than it has the intelligence to distribute. Johnson in disgust ordered his department "where will substitute sources of tana- Our marvelous expansion of wealth has to draft another code. Then carme the howl tion be found if this industry is caused poverty. There are in the United for "freedom of the press." All the NRA destroyed?" States over 6,000,000 of workers with- required was that publishers must pay mini- "This record and these facts would out the opportunity to earn a livelihood. mum wages and observe maximum hours in appear to suggest that members of the "To sum up, we need to concentrate operating their business. Wages and hours International Brotherhood of Electrical along these lines: had no more to do with what the news- "1. Universal application of best papers printed than did the fire and building Workers in New Jersey are wise in ae- regulation. of the city. In hundreds of cepting the gauge of battle as it is laid practices developed by companies and newspaper offies the betting was 10 to one down by Utility Magnate MeCarter," by industries. in 1934 that the big steamroller, as repre- declared Mr. Kloter. "2. The development and application sented by the American Newspaper Pubiish- of the principles of co-ordinated control era Asociation would crash General John- on various levels paralleling the inter- son, the President and everybody connected PLANNING IDEA DRIVES TOWARD dependence of economic groups and with the NRA. FULFILLMENT undertakings. ls a free press possible? Until there (Contnued from page 4) "3. To extend our knowledge of the ceases to be a power samefiently great and facts of distribution and to provide the sufficiently interested to keep on keeping the "To reduce consumer incomes further mechanism that will keep the flow of press it will be difficult. To a large extent simply stimulates the disease. Many consumer incomes adequate to use we ourseves are responsible. People get bankers, business executives and ortho- the governments they deserve and the press dox economists have proposed policies capacity production to raise standards they deserve. This book should be read. It for this depression which restrict eco- of living. gives a wide field of evidence why a free nomic forces to artificially narrowed "4. The organization of producing people should seek to maintain a really free workers so that they may advance their pro2as limits, arguing they must not go counter to economic laws. Economic laws do not interests as partners in the industry in control industry, but business operates line with all other investors and partici- ACCEPTS CHALLENGE OF THOMAS in accord with economic laws within the pate in efforts to maintain balance be- N. McCARTER conditions which executives have pre- tween production and consumption." scribed and limited. (Continuedefrom page 9) "We need to get rid of the obstruc- vising the Edison Electric Institute and tions set up by these business executives RAIL UNIONS FIRE FIRST GUNS IN a number of holding companies on the and release currents of productive re- CAMPAIGN status of utility legislation in the na- turns so that more volume will flow into (Contuled from page 17) tion's capital of interest to his clients. consumer channels. Other expenditures for advertising, "To secure the necessary data to positions by employees-some hundreds for radio time, for attorneys' fees and understand and control our business of thousands before 1929 and hundreds of for financing trips to Washington were machine is necessary to national eco- thousands since the depression, all of uncovered. To pre-advertise one radio nomic planning. We need to release which had its part in bringing on the speech, which was not even a nation- dynamic power in order to raise stand- depression and intensifying that de- wide hookup, the institute is revealed to ards of living and thus prevent periodic pression. have spent $5,000. It paid $75,000 in economic break-downs with all their That control by bankers has prevented fees to each of two New York lawyers attendant suffering. Our present dis- and still prevents the full development of and retained a third in Richmond, Va., tress is mainly due to the methods busi- the service your roads are capable of ren- to advise the industry as to what might ness executives and financiers have used dering; has aided and financed campeti- legally be done to fight the enactment to recover their charges against produc- tors, and acts as a brake upon manage- of the holding company bill. The Edi- tion. They have controlled for their ment in its efforts to make the roads the January, 1936 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators 41 great agencies of commerce they were in- FAIRY STORY, VIZ: BRITISH development. The C. W. S.-to-he mIoves on tended to be. CO-OPERATIVES toward a lose.r unity with the ultimate mit- lions, and more direct ways of supply, iad- As Mr. Jesse Jone., chairman of the (Continued from page 6) Reconstruction F i na n c Corporation, ing to a stAll better ure of this magnufcent said, when addressing the recent conven- C. W. S. factories cover a wide range. instrument for the peoples real welfare. tion of the American Bankers Associa- One hundred and thirty-nine factories But this in for the bfuturefor the getera- thLws eoming, ai, whorse miind ard wills, as tion, at New Orleans, "Railroads were are owned and operated and the value of the products of these factories in well as their buying poner, the future of built largely by promoters through gov- society depends. ernment sudsidies, in one form or an- 194 amounted to 1,133,000, The Note: Th xritlr is indebted for informa- other, federal, state and local. Millions following table, which is greatly modi- tion and material for this article to Mr. of acres of land were given them and fied, gives some idea of the activities of Anid re John onII one of the liirertors of tilhe much money in bonuses and loans." this branch of the C. W. S.: (C. ' S., and to Mr Pleitich, of the sec- He further said at that time, "The Old retary's diepartment. IExcpt where specif- Man of the Sea--their (the railroads) FfU, Total caiy Mated the iures atid activities IIn- value tinned are those of the Co.-opertive Whole- bankers-should be removed from their utleku work of pro- Workers sale Society of England, with headquarters while the backs," and he declared that r.Commonidilies shops ductians employed in Manchester The letters (C. W. S. mean government wanted to get out of tilhe the rnglish Society. Vauies are expressed money lending business it should not get Abattoilr. pigseries and poultry farm 3 195.000 B7 in pounds. One pound is approximately $5. out too sOon. Biscuits and akes 2 616,000 1,438 In other words, the government really Baoots and shoes 10 1,413,000 4,282 built the road, allowed a service so neces- Building and engi- IS BIG BUSINESS BIGGER THAN sary to the public interest to be used as neerini 7 170P,8000 2,293 GOVERNMENT? money-maing machines for a few finan- Butter and cheese 3 1,788,000 218 ciers and their hangers-on, lent them (iothins--men and (tCnthmi 1 firompiiIg 10) money when they were in difficulties Iomn. 17 2,2f7,731 7,521 114,000 765 "Business men secure charters of in- caused by that coterie of linencial bue- Coal 1 and corporation from states most liberal in and is again leiding them D)rysaltery caneers sundries . 4 2,073.000 1,440 their incorporation laws. After secur- money. Fhlur anid meal 8 7,134,000 1,710 ing their charter of incorporation the Is it not high time that this "vicious Furniture, bedding, business group receives tlhe protection of circle" was ended? etc. 1 829,000 1,695 the federal government and the federal Are the same practices that have Lard 2 1,190,000 169 judiciary, although the federal govern- caused misery for employees and losses Pireserves, pickles, ment had no voice in determining the for investors, and deprived the roads of peel and vinegar 4 1,346,000 1,482 terms, privileges, and rights embodied in funds necessary to their upkeep and de- Printing, bookbind- the charter. velopment, to continue, or shall a stop ing, etc. 6 1,050,000 2,894 candles, "So that fair practices can he estab- once and for all, to such practices Soaps, be put, starch, etc. a 2,280,000 1,529 lished by business and industry, wher- and the railroads he placed in a position Tobacco, cigars, ever business transactions are carried to render the service to which the nation cigarettes 1 1,326,000 673 on in more than one state, we approve is entitled? the enactment of a federal licensing law We are of the opinion that the only Quite an imposing array isn't it? We have which will cover all individuals, partner- been told that workers cannot govern, that way out of the morass in which the roads ships and corporations carrying on busi- have been placed by bankers is over the they cannot run things and that neither buwihegs nar governmnent can be run saccess- activities in more than one state. Such road that leads to government ownership fully on democratic principles or by demo- law, among other things., to provide that and democratic control of the main arter- cratie iethuos- The co-operative movement licenses will not be issued where em- ies of ommere--the railroads. oX Great Britain is a contradictionto such ployers deny the right of their workmen We, therefore, again ask you to con- taternent,t. Here is an opportunity to get to organize anid practice collective bar- sider what we have said, and to note that away fron exploitation. gaining for the determinetion of wages, it is our intention to place, from time to That tIlhe principles enunciated by the hours of labor, and other conditions of the guiding princi- time, further information on the subject pioneers in 1884 are still employment, and that such licenses will pies can ih seen from the following by of and necessity for government owner- be abrogated whenever a license holder invlders eo-operators: ship of the railroads at your disposal. "Already our wagon is hitched to a star. interferes with or refuses to reeognize these rights. There should also be in- Brotlierh onal LoiftOqir t Firemen anl Shining betore us is that glory of a world [~iinrlamen. made lovely and lovable, which past genera- corporated in such a li.cnsing law pro- Order ra Raliwey Cnidn-u.rs, tions saw, and our fathers labored to attain. vision for the regularreporting to fed- The ortr ir ltallroad T.elegraphe rs, Brarhirloo of iltlwaiy anl Bireaumhip In pursuit of it they have brought to earth eral authorities by all license holders, ik.L Freiht1 t flu ilRers, Edpres sufficient to give us a richer endowment than including the total numher of workers Nntia,yes. anti Sttla r h they enjoyed. Thus possessing something, employed, the total number of man National flrgnanlet.an Masters, Mates more yet to gain, let us JinndlIn,t- Of MAeetlca- hut having so much hours worked, the total value of produc- also look toard the light, and have the In er~a, ion,' !AngshOremon'R Aisocla- the total volume of wages paid tlurn present corel it of triving for the best that tion, and NatinaIlc Marline En gineers' "lerenal is to cOnict" for each month.'" Amr inia Irn - Amnerhlea Tranlla isipathers Asocnelara. nltaihl'~,y ltm]plorCH lDeprlii]lent, A. iF' Love of Fellow Men of I. LABOR UNIONS BACK PEACE ntierna linais I.rotlrhlooal ot flac. - a beautiful thought- What an en- What MANDATE nobing sentiment. Can any system based on private profit and personal gain boast Br,*,tilf-r.eot nit Siatlnnnry Firmen rind of such a principle, such an outlook? This Oileras-..I 1 , men who have been When you have your peitition signed up re- Rllr,l~ r (f ~a$ tennraieC of Vaiu is really a story of actuated by their love of their fellow men. turn it to Mandate Campaign leaddquarters, ]r'alherlaind of R ailwayCarnun, of Their aehievement gives the lie to the old Willard fotel, Washington. D. C. Those Ami'rlei. philosaophy that achievement is only possi- desiring additional enelieof the petition, or Tfeotirntla. citI . M W Ai through the urge of peronali proflit. that if you dlesire further information, plarse personal profit is the only urge that spurs address your letter as above. Inurniaill4 l rotMI hrrlel ofo niler- imakie-rs. Trft ,s lla l ilruler a idHe. men on to great heights and great accn- We heartily pTprov the purpose of this ftPai,¢ mnorien. pliahments. Personal profit never allows a campaign, and hope that you will assist to Brolhe~rlul o[ Iaift lrlIrnr S¢iLgn reon of onmient's thought to humanity. the extent ot yonr ability. Amerieu, Tint is the story of the origin, growth and tOrder of sleerfills

POST OFFICE CLERKS "TELL THE ters return this to the unfair competitors. WOMEN'S AUXILIARY L. U. NOS. WORLD" Not much encouragement in this set-up for 585 AND 583, EL PASO, TEXAS anyone going along with us, is there? There (Continued from page 7) are a thousand more reasons, and they are Editor: all good ones, and it is not necessary for On Saturday December 7, 1935, the ladies This film is the product of Howard them to be counted out here, for there is of Auxiliary to Locals Nos. 585 and 583. of El Hanson, a St. Paul, Minn., post office not one who reads this article that is not Paso. Texas, gave an enehalade supper at the clerk, and a member of the National Fed- just as capable as the writer to answer Labor Temple. The purpose was to defray expenses for our Christmas tree for the eration of Post Office Clerks. It repre- these questions if they will just take the trouble to do so. children, and the dance for the older mem- sents something like two years devotion We must remember that the wives, moth- bers. Enough money was made to cover in leisure time. It is sponsored by the ers and daughters of union men Ielp to the expenses and each child was given a Joint Council of Postal Employees in St. mold tile opinians in thie community in small present sack of candy and nuts. The Paul. which they live. and many men and women dance and Christmas tree was held at the The other publicity feature of the who are not eligible to belong to the organ- Rainbow Hall. ired labor groups could, and would be of Our auxiliary has been meeting every Post Office Clerks' Federation is a series great value to us in our efforts in behalf Friday night at the Labor Temple and our of radio broadcasts under the title of of the workers if we would take the trouble membership is increasing steadily, and we "Postal Oddities by Trapp." This sets to sell them on our beliefs. But we have feel very much encouraged. forth, in the fashion of Ripley's "Believe proven in the past that we are either too We enjoyed hearing from Mrs. C. E. It or Not," curious facts concerning the lazy or utterly indifferent to make the Beck, chairman to Auxiliary No. 108, Tampa, postal service. Starting as a cartoon effort to get the help, and it is high time Eil. We would be glad to hear from any feature in the Union Postal Clerk, official that we wake up and do something about all others. magazine of the National Federation of these opportunities we have been neglecting. M"s. K. E. Anmrt. Post Office Let's o-operate with our offiers and make Clerks, it was piced up by a this year a banner year for the old L B. INJUNCTION RELIEF DENIED radio station in Wichita, Kans., as a F. W., and may we put forth every effort in feature. It made such a hit that its an- our organization work and in the future Labor in New Jersey suffered a crushing thor, J. B. Trapp, a post office clerk in the very nine Brother Bugniert, and that defeat when Chancellor Luther M. Camp- the Wichita office, and a member of the nice lady in his office may look back and bell denied a petition of the State Federa- clerks' federation, has been offered num- say, "Thank God for the day we decided to tion of Labor for a change in the chancery erous other engagements. give the women a chance to help." court rule, that would restrict the issuance of injunctions in labor disputes. The chan- The National Federation of Post Office C2ORAVALats ixn, cellor turned down the pettition because he Clerks is now engaged in the promotion (Mrs. E. C. Valentine), said it would "reoate special privileges for of both features through its locals in President, L. iU. No. 177 Auxiliary. a particular and single class of litigants." practically every first and second class post office in the country.

WOMEN'S AUXILIARY PRICE LIST OF SUPPLIES (Continned from pope 28) ApplitionSlank.. er 0... . .7 ledger, o-leaf rersareh fUellding tob. If.0 to be able to sell others. That is what we Arrea~rs Oel otice. .t N..... ledger sheets fr above p lo .... 50 propose to do. When we talk of Account Book. Tropernrc0.r... 1.0t . M p- ,lal,10 ...... - . - 0 the auxil- Ballot Bose., each..... -- -aper, a...... p I ..... iary work and the work of the organized Button., S. 0. 1.75 label. lare eiu for boues wtrtu, per labor movement, we must be so thoroughly Buttos* S. 0.Bfr (maNll) .. ll_01.5,0.1...... IN~~~b~l, r~ soid on the ideW, and so enthusiastic about BolltO., R. 0 - ...... - 75 Obllaton Car., dout..-* dzen.7n Buttons, Cuff, f. . per pal' ...... 2.0 Paper. OffMeal lterl. pr law - .75 it that the thought with all the enthusiasm Button. Gold-taced Diamond Shaped-_-. 20 litali. e Nttra.... we feel will be communicated to the person Book. Minte for R. S (small) I.I0 IF.eIpt Book. AppIsawt (seo reeIpt) .40 with whom we talk. If a person is taken OOk* Minute for. R. S. {large)...... 3,00 Receipt Book. Applcatn t.6( reeiprts)_ 4_ 0 BoOk. Dy.. 5 Ri..ept Book. MeSber (8Z00ie )_- .40 into the organization on any other basis we Book, RoMl -- 1----.90 R.Ieept ]ook* Aembrs (7I ript.t)__. 4.. run the risk of blocking the progress of Clrboan for receipt boos . ... 06..... Reeilpt ?olck, MIc*lmneou. (5lO V.- the movement. It is unfair to the member Charm. est hali n1slde ...... o-t )t.. NOo -2 Cbarter.. Duplicte ISO~~~_ .eeB~lpt Bank.+ MIodlln (no N.- and to the organization to bring members Comnlete LOCal Charter Outft ... £5.00 OeNlt-) -.- in without some preparation for member- Conntutloa. Dr L -...... - 0 Reeipt Bock, Overt-ime ... nhet (as ship. This is easily accompished if we Single... Copies -elpts) 10 [--.40 fleticnl feel enthusiastic enough about it ourselves. Wcrksn, bscrlpto.. p year l2, Receipt Book. Oreetlne asessmnt (70 Enbdsm, Automobile 1.5.. . rept)- . 4_.._.1 Then after the entrance to the auxiliary is Envelopes. Official. per IC~ I.. Rceipit Rook, flnpcil Se.re&* .... Gael. made the real education can be aconlplished. each ... .50 Recept..... BOOk. Tau~rr' 8 ...... Remember that Mr. Electrical Worker didn't ldr!, looIse lef binder, FIlnanel Sts- RecOt Holder-s, ne h ...... reta'. NMtab index .... 65.0 Rlewreh w.kly report ards, per l. join the local just because some one asked drer page n fit above ledger. pr otf -e-l- -t- - -. him. He joined because he was sold on the 1.. 1.50 .....SI idea that he was going to be benefited and Ledger. Ft~anrlal scrtryw... IN a W.0 sal (pocket) I N.5 we hope he believed that he was going lodgr. FipAnplal eorer. 200 pages_ 4.0 Wilthdrawl Cardl., Wih flNIsl Cda. pt to Ladrer. Fnancial Stcretary's, 0 page. 8.5 dcoze - .--- be beneficial to the organization. Perhaps (trea Heay ldng) Warrant ook for B. S...... 5. you ask, "What is the use for this organiza- tion of the wives, mothers and daughters?" FOR E. W. B. A. We might say just one thing that would be reason enough, and that is. when a Application Rink., pn 100...... 7..5 C.oa.ltutiOn and ] perWrLw, IG.-.-- - Book. Minute . . . . _ -- union man goes out and makes a dollar . 1,0 Sing. CopIes __ j nCharters. Dnjwlnat. .50 Raltulsr acNh . M_ under union conditions and comes home Reiastatent Bsank., e 0--__.. ...l and gives it to his family to spend. and they spend it hiring non-union labor, does that make sense? You say you don't do that, but let's see if you do. When you buy an article of wear does it bear the union label? If not, then certainly it was METAL LABEL not made under union conditions. and if this money, spent for the non-union product E* isn't used against the union man then what is it used for? Let's analyze it and see. Our business man who carries a shop card NOTE-The above article will besupplied who the requsite omount of ash accompanies is on our side, and he is trying to conduct the crder. Otherwe the order will not be recoiatfed. All supplie sent orby have postge his business on a fair basis, trying to co- or express hares prepald- operate with the union, and when he pays out the union money the wives and daugh- ADDRESS, C. M. BUGNIAZET, 1. S. January, 1936 The Journalof Electrical Workera and OperTators 43

0 ~ LOCAL UNION OFFICIAL RECEIPTS FROM NOVEMBER 12 I I ~~~TO DECEMBER 10, 1935

L. LT 1R, "T l" L11 N,,... I, U . N,..IU. L. 11. N.....lU 1 1. O, ---- 7080 8043 4l8---- I I I'll', I11 I ,I I I I :$)2GU GOODS 252 ----- 772431 77211 394 97,4557 UT04560 I----- 14473 1477 4b--- . 5 Ill I I 11115 14----,7982, 871IR42 254 ----- 905218 95221 JB ----- 40120 151213 1---- 61056105 414-----Sil I2I 1 81411 14:1 - 101048 olioll, Ili···II LU6911S6872 39G----- 765 0 -056 I----- 1332 , 13,1279la15 5 16042121; 11105. 1 Ill 2l134* 72037

1-----842428 912162 51...... 5,71.2 567,21), I'IO ----- SAO III GII-1-1 01749 5017 64 _ 72390 2---- 9011 950100 5...... 44579 454O 15 1 --15221721 1.12238 259- --- 9OZO3 16540 OOI -L117-1186ei138 3---- 18861-19000 6 . 152 ----- 737344 737367 262--51402 5 1114Zi ---- 5WG7 1019 3-----1 1940-104W ------O`1 1. II.... I IS 41171 441206 27 ----- 512731227 ifl IS 407 ----- GIS57S U18MI .1 --- J 190GO-11190 55 485111K 48AO34 V,9----OO43r2 G t371 2II8,--,SI4R05 1413 41,--- 932 149322 3----A41 IDU3290" 1 X144Si 16l- , 1 114489 269 ----- 5809 5"937 41I ----- IT287 172881 3-----A41 2564ZI72 5 1 0------524540 5O566 271 ----- 59228 592298 406--52li 116 527,230 3----- A411 2091 270 a 1l1-ul'S 495ZA 75--- 2354 32358 40D ----- 13952 a----- BE loi n1.-, 2G2113 2z2001 164 401011 4ir no 2n 1-li h5057.1 8500 IllI ---- 20407 3----- CJ 987-945 GO----- 72705 728149 4 HSKI9825 277 ----- 294446 21I1413 411 ----- 50744 5074-15 3----J 25 31OG -- 11176 "Ss, 164---- 8 71 87530 278... ---- .'ll 2451 11---379 437121 3----IS Ell 28 65- -- 301 862 166- - 2ISIMISl 219.164 2 8 ------0580SO Bi8042 113----- 64332G 8453110

3----- OA 1311 1 -15321 66 ...... *)D i'262iii1 r 173--l-524741 I27O3 29 ---- 1437 142112" 417 ------11551~~.011 $15564 3----- OA I 1 6541165O 6 ---- G.5211 1.,322l. 171 .. iZGOI4161 GmqOII 02 ----- 002641 61n287hiu ---- I17 U5 3---- A 1 SO5 7 .-- I 5rill8'958 ~ -,, jig 293 ----- 3092011IU 3(9213 III- -471120 47113I 13 '~~~~UIO 4 2 7 1!1 20506 .775835 7-15142 418 ----- 847675 847785 9------Ili ME10) 60(010 P0S__ I...... 49ril~ T·*4641il54S %0 BU

I----- XG (111401-(11476 7- 2218 O 18 --5ri302 2511 2ifl1 i 416 ---- 115119 USI473 4-----I 54200 2542()0 72 ----- 91U I1(X4 I I,(, 41-~ IHII 1 02 ------l MAINSi* 90)(X* 0 7 ----- 2.56158 2501 5---4AVI 40500 73-- 7:1iI41 73703i 180 --- --(IIA94 rYlI9 1 8 33-- -52182 528415 427----14301 843III-1 fl---14218 142238 1 ------i7-11 2 27US4 ISO- -2.10lOl 25(11095 30 ---- 911-251 91 . nn12 - 8118 18983 7----- 14747 4749 I- -517581 .17 1J12 ON---Ir12 197:3211 3( --- KHN ST7 429-- 411QI03 4901)37 7---- 897810 80-Mil 81 --- llil G) 18 ----- 73011973141; III - 211.3112 00 ----- 499761 499788 R 1q2'1 lfl-- 24 11 11716fl 157712 90- _W1 "3111 81(i WI 'A RINI 2 1112n 4.41 79SIO.I TUSEL'

0----- 27000 270008 84----66( 2111111I- E13 ----- 4I: 12 43 Willi 30i) --- -D54114 5411G3 14 ---- 78510 78510S 10 ----- 241172 2411737 96-- -6479t 14811. 1I O----- rle (is 18,5X6000 311- - -889601 IS 67 1 ll- .755430 765153 14 ----- 3T41r 177 9--- 4,1 1401 N --- 384 738750 317 ---- 17714 171 II --- 1336 138 17 ---- 50987 INGO0 87 --- _8S1,1184 88(1110 1113 U 1131D 013,312 SIS ----- 7241nm 721139 44---- 40822 340850 17 ----- 839051 839250 SR ----- 663000 1639 17 IW_---- 00101 30022 31 ----- 952340 93231t 44. ---- 953178 95SHIST 17 ----- 95775 058060 90 ---- 00152 001596 194.. 511231 6355i17 i 322 -----8 80890 9 - I8US 44O-----856509 *5615 IS ----- II14-16 334r.9 Ili ----- Ui1241 7.5-240 194 S031PS S ll 823 18820 434 45.1 ----- 58787 HIS IS ----- 16041 166438 92---0556 9O63 .'72 527 32 -- 84 80 43--- 801 401 IS---$271 813176 9----11834 71044 10 ---- 6.27 I 22724 23 ----- 71433 714417 453--759681 75971a11 25 ----- 20347 203508 961---- RIS 11 --- 6717 U1176N a2-- -42741 12484 GO ---- 1348 613451 25 ----- 20995 208961 0 ----- 2'J)110 3000 243 ----- 5618331 1 ii se. 26--.--- 232306 232511 (7 ----- 7598il 25 ----- 900171 0036) 6 -- 2141 212409 205- -5211021 G20104 S26 ----- 603"S 66375 45, -- 860291 80W~ 20 ----- 4484M 41804 9d ---- 11114V 810500 209---452701 4n2TO 320---- 7205 707IS 15D ---- 72GA4 7250. 26----- 88166 881013 9 ---- 54611 S4601 201--88 01 88405 3I-----131242 13IZ54) 411 ----- S3551S5 MOGS~ 26 ---- 91803 915909 99 ------559741 Y,987. 0 209-- -481151 486529 321l ----- V27751 V7708 46 --- I51 5553r 27 ----- 18550 18551 9 ---- 8476 18500 21,--- 0151 11164 325 42 2K144 4i ----- 79117 796222PZ 28 ----- 491CI COW i1o~~.Joe----- GIGni AGAG V .-Smigi G1110 sIVEIII 71 11836 464; mmi ft MOOGwoo

30 ----- 4938S 49390 102 ----- 27945 212---GRO112 6I87273 3311 ---- SOOG 5898-1 40--66, 7 B)6647 31 -----184751 184711 I 9iJ009911 211 ----- 41027 410515 f -- 736 321 40---206 250274 31 --- 477005 103 ----- 3,A32 30461 21 --- 124( 41S2 311 ---- 031 3015 71 ----- 51 3 05109 31---9471 9490 ,I----1301 liGIO21 213Z - Gli1t (4IT5n 341 ----- 28II 2 2MI34 74 ---- 704 S768 32 ----- 627.78 627593 13 ---- 37783 4799 214---- 45225 AV-34 342 ----- 044633 044 474 ----- 66GHG 6017 36 ----- 21979103---- 08151 91 41S 21 TM801 Td1i9? 3i3i-lt 75U92i 75991I 4i T ----- 947095 V47100 16 ---- 71333 801r 1 04 ---- R7141187111- 214 -,9251 9%56a 30 27,1751 480 r12MCI 248swei 3 Z-IW77 STOW 105 ----- 4l$227 88237, 15 ... IRS3IA42 34 ---- 760r2 7620731 48, 28 1102S 160297 iS ----- 30339S .03521 10 3 6--AIGS04 222 .. iasGIG. looks 94a ---- 53581 IW10W 483 ---- 211S 2381 39 ----- 540231 1411711 0 --- 120 ISE21--- 28448 28445 34B ----- 558901 559110 III --- -S.7077 SOlI1 38 ----5233 5GO0 lo-, ------17606 W621 `21 -8I1 R97051lUS 7? 8 349 ---- 802313 0248 I 4 ----- 3149 1501) 39 ----- V1493 165SOO 109 ----- S`l412 225- --- MAIM 9 54.160 3 1 ---- 37.:0 137742!1996 8A ---- 4KI 39 ----- 273451 234di3 UIU- --Si22l88 522501I 21- 771 77(703 351---- W04 4S1S95 l l-41Si 451818 39 ------1096 711000 113 ----- 26018 2802"2 `20 974313 OTS31S 57 ----- 22193 22U141i 14 -- 176.35 17046

40 ----- I-191556 M 114--..2352*0 2352OU 21 311 6111 5 -- 4O0 4493 44--12G 1822SO 46--53609 S37IGII Ill...... 783601 VI3122 231 ---- 473702 473T5, 38 ------C,958 71621 4 ---- 4825 8490000 40 ------MM S3711 1 120 ----- 319302 319 13M -811.121 111 II I00--24905006 240651 491--t . -$1901 94OT50 40 ---- BA998 1,11 11 -- 1S7 718.113 2q3 ---- 23.361 233704 360 ----- 77741 777520 407 ----- 5101 510)14 40 ----IMS IS25 122---- 4482 4414 21 ---- (1, 4 GO Io5490 II---41 0 472 497 ----- 204IGG 204680 40----- 60751 SWISSI 122- - -- 01811 70111110 215 ---- 27151DSn7 ---- 50473 WI30T 5110- 80922 808327 40 ----- 0016QI D(O.51 124 --.--- 479347 Ma IR -811118-,11 'll ----- 209354I 2 03II56 5 0I ----- 9OIII 4SAI 41 ---- 492S11 402MI!, 124 - 052252 952472 236 ----- OSTO7 037885 309 --- -SVI6302 100640 501 ----- W941, 549GIO 41--- 21961 I?18l 2 i2I ----- 988U "0886 237---.51"5.20 512,547 -- 91172 377T 50 ----- 88`12211 SI5219 42 ----- 97HOT 73112 12 54Oll 8.29,,04 i ?A -----2 24511 9245560 7 --- 877859781 104 --- _hl14062 814078 43 --- 588607 588750 127 ----- 82277 R92781 141-- 311111 316529 3-11l ---- 908 31079 n07- OM418 r50641 43 ----- 99401 1141111l 129-- -.411I212 30liJ S 243--.-- MOOS8 DIPOO 3175 ---- 501706 M19777 608 ----- 4- 7 4 421750 44 ----- 970293 70299 10--SIU2 9521 24 - - 1392 1021 37 ---- 14112 1101 509 061947 639447. 45- ---508.57 50RSR III-- .774978 77502 24 -- eT1207779 37 -- 350 132592 115--- 1 191 312 46 ----- 293061 29380 133----- 39424 314106 20- - 7178SI1 718130 884 ----- 28486 2MOO 50--"3112 519122 46-----29441 29471( 1 18 --- _7r,7532 7571160 240-----TIME T6530 II-----9742 0742VI 20 ----- 992277 Bl2289 46 ----- 569401 69090 190 ----- 4SO326 430372 -247 .--- B1812 318027 206 ----- ISO 159044 521----234I11 234368 48 ----- 18022 180298 136 ------MM 502500 252 ----- 272201 ISS ----- 284114 284158 521 ----- 00452 004565 44 The Jourmal of Electrical Workers and Operators January, 1936

L. U. N...... L. U. NG ..... iL. U. h~aa L U.N...... s L. V, lNU~DRlt 652_____ 90804 93409 648-----269210 20925 792.----. 55738 755743 1037-____403256 406845 ~41}--18625, 522 ----- 60,1106 504233 648~* ---429735 420744 i 798---2.2905M 229659 1047 ----- 6("711 664738 26; 89691 892. 52____--945820 945827 68_____ 917251 91726T 798--_.-59562 595 1054-..-234785 2.4741 277--294461. 52O----- 845478 M1537 4_.___----2260 --... 7585 7528 1072 --__85863 8~00 529---. M.587 MIMI "9--*--- 36452 836505 91 ----- 965251 905277 1086 ----- 795115 705146 292,92643MO.6 5S01 [ ~$65 L00__-25405b 254081 802--,--27145 237150 091 -- ~---20053 520065 3382795468. 580 --- .1'>57~, 48517$8 05A----- 2M584 809 ----- 485011 48fiO19 1095_--- _726840 7225362 340--200090. 532- V3~,44 653 ----- 77 S 778$38 811 ----- 64789 64793 i01~-----64SOON 645506 532- ---- 71,98I 706039 1561----- 5151o1 615170 813-----930535 93052 i110L_-._0774 "940783 343-40845. 533-.. 93527 9t852 657-----962261 962268 817---*-128050 128055 i1108 ---- 513643 513fi40 40-9802349. 53{]. 0~i5576 9m554 658-----193971 817..*.T888333 898803 i 118--___9583 smou 354-5210984 537-----251557 25156 NS----- 750349 750856 S19 _-512142 512163 181 ----- 949969 94997 377-132556. 538 ...-. 19204 19214 600l..... 8520 8523 820-.----14448 14481 1135____974038 SION7 384-28487. 538----- 40202 SO--..-.--128t3 192845 824 ----- 23T747. 237788 1141-._-170116 170117 00-723"88. 539--.--299§/ 600_-----_5138 518105 8383----492717 492727 1141-.----534506 534536 405--02173. 580-- --- 40700 4975G0, 661-----240518 240525 835--.--226046 226049 114L ----- 8221f17 82198 408-627211, W0-~..-251228 251245 603-----186141 180143 S;08-----7f1I14 701438 1144----- 503760 M0376n 4134845342. 545 --- _496053 49607 663-----_475628 4756gl 8400.-----97156 971552 1154 ----- 4716 4721 4589-4901 911, 921, 032 NS8-----_621261 621266 66---.--832041 832708 841.---273154 273165 11at ----- 777918 777936 90* 5.90, 98 51 ----- 11841 669----- 24201 242024 841 ----- i1617 516327 1156----- 41618 416989 5M9-----551107 551164 6 -- ~---770710 776724 814 ---- 234243 234245 ,51----- . 6 .... 670 U73..--- 68582 663595 44.-----265707 265718 022,04-2,0, 1452 ----- 9929 95937 674.-...243048 249005 848 ----- 60868 (0903 5-4--.---278449 278T 0 674 ----- 262787 262420 860_--.--74447 746400 185--7567549.52. 554---- 504759 504856 677 ----- 873798 878831 52 ---.- 279607 278610 104-408009 010, 887251- 040,9380, 00,83, 94 555.*-..561156 561167 678 ----- 242029 242043 852 ----- 50526 505002 270. 120, 123, 8140 55§ -- 0942860 942884 678 --.--- 515768 515798 854 ----- 81326 212-301683-685. 144,15,17l(,4~ ~ ~ 5 58 ----- 95848 95369 9..--.--6-55710 055572 MG4.. _-8--8440 884360 244-139250. 188. 55§8----- 708346 763500 MI8---_-§21499 521502 5-....----522111 22124 245--277411=415. 55§9----- 708590 706601 684 ----- 500228 500240 856 ----- 16~706 269-589890. 922, 947, 972, 998, 501 ----- 903628 810411 Gas._----6339T2 OSS993 850----468047 4638948 807---24829-53. 636, S1417 830 502 -----_511541 5115{51 686.....--42179 429190 856.-----498503 408523 S84-28487-28488, $36, 6,3-38 5-4-...--741075 T41083 691_-----776429 771P487 GOT-----511295 511309 443-442491-590. 3855 .403 43, 55 568--_~-3708S2 870910 698 -----.508157 503164 858 ----- 780011 780041 G30-191563-564, 566-572. 467, 499 569 ---.- 28587 28588 694 ----- 678776 678816 882 ----- I0259 10296 I54~O048 0U.820 825, 569 ---- 21788 697.----- 574201 57438 862---.-.-202963 262964 828-830 569-----87351 887505 T97----- (105214 05250 863-.---480760 480700 67--942873.880. 2D--60839,978, 971,0i 8~9, 9 5 ----- 496614 491682 807--.-_991501 991519 Sli..-.. 15836 653-778817. 042* 063. 574 --.-. 24090 24091 701....-960044 960072 Sol ----- 5ROSSI 550465 693-no0315. 46-808994-995. 574 .-.-. 28310 702 ----- 1246 162442 865 ----- 718536 713617 702--162487, 439-441. 473-495165 . 574 ---- ass31is 828808 702_____- 0058 500091 869 -----.441678 441607 71."57574 575. 498-1497. 577 ----- fi7340 702 ----- 4201 842250 870--.==422594 422611 761-2770P.985. 4D4--17§38. 577 --.--- 484376 484886 702_ ---- 077251 977287 SIR-----750054 750667 774-7772-I77727 501---482, 549428, 533, 5F_SO_---- 859 254894 707..... 7070 7071 874 ----- 680 043871NT 78T-77561g-519. 570. ~;82_ --- _281865 707 ----- 18010 18011 9876---48845 488460 883-492716. 552-95029, 937. 583 ----- 499430 499466 707.-----76801 718021 SRI ----- 250170 250200 899-161178. 654--594824. 584___--_-7GUMS ~74916 709 ----- 89315 80318 "1--_..~284107 950-169517 519, 775219. ZOW-P.5929, 987. 584 --.--- ~7$83 789 710--_.-487598 487610 881_-----788301 79832 I54--647838, 842, 889 58- 246618 711..... 5297 5298 554947 ¥OC0 59165151. 351M335154. _07500 Tit1-----6098986 698180 SSG ----- 1927s) 610--906769. 54_ _ _86100 861049 712_*-----4NOW 583075 886__----4MONT 442095 I-- 812808. 56-----_228574 228M0M T18.-----182470 1SN5§ 897____---1MOOS 280976 2-85015& GT4-262398. -_----_770101 770103 713 ----- 521102 521400 887---_713895 718976 $--AJ 18770, 18971, 697-57420~279286, MS__----- 4617 M4650 713 ----- 57161 T71776 8~--*--101179 161181 1926,19073, 19603 991518. §8D_----- 243811 241f~0 13----- 814616 A16215 $88-----~774924 77431116 S-MH 2565. 702--8210. 589_____-8701~) 870420 -713-----8~5T51 855863 893---.--- 78240 782412 S-0A loans, I111J 724--274104, 110. 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NEW RADIO UNION RECALLS for this post, he brings to it a profound VEST CWUN SLDE CHARM MAGNIFICENT PAST knowledge of working conditions and the A worth chorm R, fine relationship existing between employ,, banking Fuji enjoy werfti and employee, A "regular fellow," he It Of 10-kamtguldtimmed Like all up-to-date unions, we have a insists that we greet him as "Bill," with a circle of tiny ira- legal adviser and c ounselloc, ours being B-1004 is ready for action, and all of ltation pearls, and clearly Eernard W. Goldenberg, brilliant attor- us are inordinately proud of our A. P. of displaying the I B, E. $5 ney, of New York City. Eminently fitted L. heritage. W. insignia. Priced enly ONIr-~ EVERY JOB O_

Alserl daespnlh /iro i Aflastcrgo,. nthl tono Prom ('hiClrio Brothe'r ~andreredfor/r ,nCro o ee..it hrge srs woe hw." thl (fit- Thie f twlht.ttgpoe njqLeas py requeal of il,ii'i i.:retit tfl i'hirhh Ie Id ,Ial Ijtlvht, Nora['tns, ir'asrrre o'f L. 1. 723, for ;irrogperf~lt lroOis: "'Vt' nre 44; mi&'~ fram tM ,hr tttejIti"p' of ,rti, Ytee. n}tother baot lIafc, hlad jjr roi& Taft, C(Tif., Blrother rd KIrii ntnd I, hoar b'e thjinkinq rl..liat top of the.a.,nt.lrns in Kern (...ntlt. The Far theI aoiships bringnin sppier in the biiter, A hristnts III 1929 we rpelve d Hie Pays Ills Dues small bntoadrstflg sit I. Iseds, ot I the I bottlIe f grope wInm thNt was supposed S S when usr g9t gLmenud iII. ThL r I isn tn hI It years old tt that tini. Frien`d tif' eilltian yIu him' t wonrk foar ym,, tslephnne here. It's o 'ng, d..gi..r.II, 'ind and I don't indulge ii, hlit Wiy, so wi still Whni do..s all that you tell him to. i,*,p trail that reecheR lds rfhamp Tos hre have the full lottIe. iiC hritast its Who tnit wit]h eale. neuothilng brash died stoIte residintI aie Itryi t, line here, 19 Yars old. T'wo ilore years, intl it will And buckles dow, t earii hi, 'ash, crippled sick, old nd ifim. I ib' trie,d to hi' old nntugh tu vot'. lie is all right. he pays his dues. tell you abont it ia his poe. -- JolN MON.Ar.. I., I. 134, Tihe niarried man who hunrps and toil, Camp Apache And res nd slelwas andad drie anid nuits Anti akeIs the beds ard wipes the dishes, Dear itizens, we'veeme to grief Welfare v&i Farewell lie is all right. he pays his dues In sunny Cal. We're on relief. After looking for prosperity Welaree's an .xceleIInt bon. if lisisnserl The lineman, too, it dlals befIali. At last we h.ae hit Cip Apaebe. With a Generous uieasur if fair piay. Whpo iniol cr... to lndge at all, That nlultirtd's in iespair lie recomipLenseld IUit elsewhere lives 1iit life ie should- When nights are dark and cold the rain. With abundant aid to brighten their day. Is brotherly .an, The homeless look for light in vain Lrue, uid goed-- liei is all right, hi,pays hi, dues In barracks where 200 mien Quietly Whereas, if absImdi by riiapplhd aid Roll in their blankets at ('samp Apache. Whi, ignoring destitutes' rgeipt call, n, hen yot reach the pearly gate The loses will outweigh what slight The road camp ga in To learn yoiurnwn eternal rate, and the kitchen crews made, let the wrinkles knocked out [i' sure St Peter. too, will say, by Texas sews, And its reverse will pel "farewell' to all! For James uff y, rhe super, wantsi to se Ifall day long yao're made twiour hay, -At,' GLICK lie is all right, he pays his dues. The workers happy in Camp Apache., I. V. 3. But if we iieverget on the WPA Ed Kelly and I will get some pay. Lineman Needed S·* S *1. Then, on another trail we will beh Take It Away The vessel was With a few LIbucks frnm Calp Apache. tied up to the end of the pier anid a liberty arty Ishvedoff Arriving I overrhard thm one on one of ny bus ride If ever again we see the road back frotm a night of a snieor's rlnast. the dew, "P'icen..dily'" Lodo., E ngland,teofL And this depression has over blwed, party grlped their Itay along tit' dark out Fronm the Kern Mountoips we sure will flee 'lightly ilimimnald dock towrds the ship', As 1 rode on the bus fro, Marleli Arch dwn t TrafnIlgar And leave behind us (amip Apache. gangway. However. ere of thet mnie. lie Squar.. could see. that the ionductnr was having a iarassing day JOHI F. ,gangwainnd walked onribonrd. VFlounder- First MASRaSO)N, I 0. iof ail it wa Chief Pearl Diver, Camp Apache, I'aft, Lnlit. insc iII the niky w eliew his identity f...non, fog. ainmost dark. and wafn't lis.ernsbig N.l.er.helrs. iune raiinig He had trnudle ome old English thought it was the ,no'n and belhlwed, "Is ladies,, irritatilir busines. imenand other Ius T pests as fo rid. anid nieed in any large How About Rasping Back? that you. boE,? " An wer, "Ye,, get hevils' line!" Retort. "Gosh, Lo'n. I'm glad fity, but this crowd seeeld to be combining tip di thLeir worst. It was a bunch of it' 4onibecau e I 'nnt swim business It was gettishlre, Exeutiives making merry. Remarks: Fur the inlactiation of cein when a stop was mrinle arid They said, 'We didn't ocomplih minh, huskers and freshwater fishcrsten -blat' a fussy Iitkirig i..anilt n, an- niih, hnaliswin or hios'n. is the 'hief gaffer neurined lie wl an Ameriean. and iniledi But we sur, did rasp Pe¥!'y ately callepi of the lek swabs liarrid an pani-goli ng the cntductor and said: "I want vessel. T hope* I'ri elerI? your St Paul's lathedral and I want it quiek' '"Oh, all rig!,t." replied the con dc- 'Tis said that on the lbirthday of the King WILLIAM P. IIZNSN:0. V. U. No. 103, B]to",. tor srpn.ewhat shortly and siappy. "I say'" of Italy, the Ducs I ir led the tLr.. ps in reaPutldl tihe Anerican in a, louder tone, 'I Rome, marie a speech to the populace, and .nLt your St. Paul's CathOdrall anid I want tnlel tpon the people to rally 'round the ii quick 'I Every now an.d Ithen .ie oF Eir Brolthr. flag. The King was allowed to rut his own 'li)n"' worry, ga eI, o r', retorted the now sends ui aI lish Ivtory, tbut here iunu thst akeL,and privil]ged to wipe hEloowl tnn. (theolughly f]d upcnductr. "' I'i gettilzg it iprnlerall, tops thrh, oil, .as erCuted in th, wrapped ua frie a.'ou' Erst Ln br arzhoi.r'iu M. J. B]tTaxta CIose Hlarmony I,. U. No. 3.

Walking through a suburhan district, ye It IIeIms that aimesWaird of Engineers Editor of l his IeMnnt lod a bunch of kidi Iseio s 5, Fred Jilrgenen of Elh'trieal light, Over aIlelm paying in soiebody's backyard. Mlst of WoVrkers 5It, Pat Moriarty of the Mine Work the kids were running around togging im:h erl' PUion. Geo rge WixoFNof thi] bartenders, I was wiring a house, down in the 'dark" other. while Oio little girl was counting. and Arthur (Goodnt of the carpentrs went belt, whin the lidy of the houepic iked up Every now andt then she would stop eoun- fr ai beat ride. The electrician ilrew nut t heone anI callbed 11,e groeery Atire. ins and say "Sarhershopl" whereat th kills It high p.wered l line. "Hello. hillot Is dat you. 1tenry? Dis would all rush up and grab the clothes line Wleni thre Ilhl bare snaUgged about [i) a. MagnoNlia. Yn.uall ain'l got no eggs. is and hold onto it. feet off shore, with aniequiily high pow'reI "What dies it neat when you say ayr- 11, nrn it, Moviarty stripted off tis 'lothes It seemsilik Henry said. "It ain't said I hershop?-' we inuiired. and made a high dive into the watel.,und ainto, is I?" "ShLueks, you know what harltr leop ~ rn; t'ripwilh ' r-15iiirm.. bas. Faor ii few Maginolia returned, 'Nnw I ain't askill' you r,[i~sT! 'She retortedl. nilnautes a'c'orIdns to Ward, it 1loke'l ais Ix y.u ain't, I Is askln' yiou ii yllu is, now Sure, a place to get your hair utll" though Mori'aty was riding a horse instead Is ynuU" "Well, it means somethinllg else, too. My of a bass They hcliii to have a picture of daddy says it mnean told that cordl'" this event and we'd like to have a copy of it. L. U. No. 481. 1899 Bowed by the weight of centuries he leans Upon his hoe and gazes on the ground; The emptiness of ages in his face. And on his shoulders the burden of the world. Who made him dead to rapture and despair, A thing that grieves not and that never hopes, Stolid and stunned, a brother to the ox? 1935 Man is no longer brother of the ox. He has become The brother of the beuaten cur dog. EDWIN MARKHAM.

"Is&4i'6MA41e Se V