Paper ID#76, 1999 International Oil Spill Conference RAPID OPERATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE TO THE IDOHO-QIT PIPELINE SPILL,

O. T. Olagbende Mobil Producing Nigeria Ultd. Mobil House, Lekki Expressway, Victoria Island PMB 12054, Lagos, Nigeria

G. O. Ede L. E. D. Inyang Mobil Producing Nigeria Ultd. PMB 1001 Eket, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

ABSTRACT: The 12 January 1998 rupture of a 24-inch habitats, and a study of any socioeconomic and human pipeline from the IDOHO platform to the Mobil Qua Iboe health effects. terminal resulted in the release of approximately 40,000 bbl of light Nigerian crude oil. Because of rapid westerly transport, dispersants were the method of primary DISCUSSION response, with approximately 250 barrels being applied. Also, because more than 90% of the oil was dispersed Introduction offshore, heavy shoreline oiling was limited and localized. However, due to westward transport by nearshore currents, 2Q0RQGD\-DQXDU\DUXSWXUHLQD´SLSHOLQH remnants of the spill tracked 5-10 km offshore from the NPRIIVKRUHEHWZHHQWKH,GRKRSODWIRUPDQGWKH0RELO4XD spill source were observed at Lagos harbor, about 900 km ,ERH 7HUPLQDO 4,7  IDFLOLW\ UHVXOWHG LQ WKH UHOHDVH RI away. Oiling of interior sensitive mangrove habitats was DSSUR[LPDWHO\EEORI1LJHULDQFUXGHRLO,QUHVSRQVH limited to a few locations. Exposed sand beaches self- WR WKH VSLOO FOHDQXS DQG FRQWDLQPHQW HTXLSPHQW ZHUH cleaned within 2-3 weeks. Cleanup of heavily impacted LPPHGLDWHO\ GHSOR\HG &OHDQ 1LJHULD $VVRFLDWHV &1$  shoreline areas recovered approximately 1000 bbl of oily RWKHURLOFRPSDQLHVDVZHOODV1LJHULDQDQGIRUHLJQH[SHUWV waste. A national and international team of scientists was ZHUHLQYLWHGWRDVVLVWLQWKHFOHDQXSDQGWKHDVVHVVPHQWRI activated within 24 hours and directed toward measuring WKHVSLOO¶VLPSDFWRQRIIVKRUHDQGFRDVWDODUHDV impact on environmental resources important to local 7KH1LJHU'HOWDUHJLRQRI1LJHULDLVRQHRIWKHPDMRURLO human activities. Elements of the scientific program were SURGXFLQJUHJLRQVRIWKHZRUOG:LWKLQWKLVDUHDWKHUHDUH (1) offshore components, including fisheries, benthos, RLOFRPSDQLHVSURGXFLQJRLORQVKRUHDQGRIIVKRUH7KH chemistry, microbiology; and (2) riverine/estuary, 4,7 IDFLOLW\ DQG LWV DVVRFLDWHG RIIVKRUH SURGXFWLRQ including extensive water analysis to detect any spill input SODWIRUPV LV RQH RI WKH UHJLRQ¶V PDMRU RLO SURGXFHUV to water resources used by local settlements and chemical VXSSRUWLQJ SURGXFWLRQ RI DSSUR[LPDWHO\  EEOGD\ analysis of local fish market samples. Preliminary results 7KLVUHJLRQKDVDQXPEHURIFRDVWDOHQYLURQPHQWVDWULVNWR indicated that any initial environmental effects were limited RLOVSLOODJH)LJXUHVKRZVWKHORFDWLRQRI4,7DQGWKHRLO and localized. Based on the intial program, a larger VSLOODVZHOODVWKHPDMRUFRDVWDOUHJLRQVLQWKHVSLOO]RQH followup program is planned involving offshore studies, a 7KHFKDUDFWHULVWLFVRIWKHVHUHJLRQVDUHDVIROORZV 'XEOLQ shoreline fate and effects program, impact to mangrove *UHHQHWDO  Figure 1. Map of Nigerian Coast, with Inset Map of West Africa Major Physical Features and Coastal Regions.

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Table 1. Cumulative dispersant usage showing the different products used during the spill response through 18 January 1998. 'DWH 9ROXPHGLVSHUVDQW &XPXODWLYHYROXPH 'LVSHUVDQWW\SHV -DQXDU\ DSSOLHG EEOV DSSOLHG EEOV $SSOLHG    *ROG&UHZ    *ROG&UHZ    *ROG&UHZ    *ROG&UHZ    *ROG&UHZ&RUH[LW &RUH[LW    &RUH[LW&RUH[LW    &RUH[LW Figure 3. Cumulative dispersant use of all types during the period 12 January 1998 - 18 January 1998.

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Figure 4. Shoreline oiling map of the area showing the results of aerial video surveys done 19 January 1998 and again on 27/28 January 1998.

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Figure 5. Mean total lipids extractable in river mouth waters sampled in January 1998. The rivers in the figure run from east (Cross River) to west (Lagos Lagoon). Abbreviations for river names are: Cross River (CRS); Qua Iboe River (QIB); Imo River (IMO); Andoni River (AND); Bonny River (BNY); New Calabar River (NCR); Sambreiro River (SAM); St. Bartholomeo (STB); Santa Barbara River (SBR); St. Nicholas River (STN); Brass River (BRS); (NUN); Sangana River (SGN); Fishtown River (FST); Kulama River (KLM); Middleton River (MID); Pennington River (PEN); Dodo River (DOD); Ramos River (RAM); (FCD); (ESC); Lagos Lagoon (LEK); Benin River (BEN); Between Lagos and Benin River, off Mahin Beach (BLB); Badagry Lagoon(BDG).

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