The Hydrodynamic Fluxes of the Escravos and Forcaods
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Investigation of Relationship Between Sediment Characteristics and Heavy Metals Across Seasons in the Lower Focardos River, Nigeria
J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage. Feb. 2017 JASEM ISSN 1119-8362 Full-text Available Online at Vol. 21 (1) 208-215 All rights reserved www.ajol.info and www.bioline.org.br/ja Investigation of relationship between sediment characteristics and heavy metals across seasons in the Lower Focardos River, Nigeria *1AMINAYANABA, ONARI ASIMIEA 2OLANREWAJU LAWAL ¹ Departments of Crop and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B 5323, Choba Campus, Port Harcourt 2 Departments of Geography and Environmental Management, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B 5323, Choba Campus, Port Harcourt. *[email protected] ABSTRACT: The presence and concentration of heavy metals in water bodies may be influenced by human activities. Sediments are the final sink of heavy metals in the water body. This study examined the concentration of heavy metals in the sediments across the outlet of the Forcados. This was intended to examine the relationship between sediment characteristics and heavy metal concentration across the seasons. Samples were taken across two seasons and tested for heavy metals. Correlation analysis was used to test association between sediment characteristics and heavy metal concentration, while Mann-Whitney U test was adopted to test the difference across seasons. Results show that Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and the particle size distribution have a significant relationship (P<0.05) with correlation coefficient -0.272 and 0.335 for sand and silt respectively. TOC was also found to be positively and significantly correlation with all the heavy metal tested, while V, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cu displayed significant correlation with particle size distribution. -
National Inland Waterways Authority
Part I Establishment of the National Inland Waterways Authority 1. Establishment of the National 2. Objectives of the Authority 3. Establishment and composition Inland Waterways Authority of the Board of the Authority 4. Tenure of office of members of 5. Remuneration. 6. Termination of Board the Board membership 7. Frequency of Board attendance Part II Functions and powers 8. General functions of the 9. Other functions and powers of Authority the Authority Part III Declaration of Navigable Waterways 10. Declaration of navigable 11. Area under control of the 12. Right to land use for navigable waterways Authority purposes including right of way 13. Right to land within right of way. Part IV Staff of the Authority 14. Appointment, etc. of the 15. Appointment of secretary 16. Conditions of service of staff. Managing Director and other staff of the Authority 17. Application of Pensions Act. Part V Financial provisions 18. Fund of the Authority. 19. Surplus funds. 20. Borrowing power. 21. Annual estimates, accounts and 22. Annual reports. audit. Part VI Miscellaneous 23. Offences and penalties 24. Power to own land. 25. Power to accept gifts. 26. Time limitation of suits against 27. Dissolution of Inland 28. Power to make regulations the Authority. Waterways Department and transfer of assets and liability 29. Interpretation. 30. Short title Schedules First Schedule Supplementary provisions relating to the Authority Second Schedule Federal navigable waterways Third Schedule River ports whose approaches are exempted from the control of the Authority Fourth Schedule Assets of the Department vested in the Authority An Act to establish the National Inland Waterways Authority with responsibility, among other things, to improve and develop inland waterways for Navigation. -
NON-FERROUS METALS a Survey of Their Production and Potential in the Developing Countries
OCCASION This publication has been made available to the public on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation. DISCLAIMER This document has been produced without formal United Nations editing. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or its economic system or degree of development. Designations such as “developed”, “industrialized” and “developing” are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgment about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process. Mention of firm names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement by UNIDO. FAIR USE POLICY Any part of this publication may be quoted and referenced for educational and research purposes without additional permission from UNIDO. However, those who make use of quoting and referencing this publication are requested to follow the Fair Use Policy of giving due credit to UNIDO. CONTACT Please contact [email protected] for further information concerning UNIDO publications. For more information about UNIDO, please visit us at www.unido.org UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 300, 1400 Vienna, Austria Tel: (+43-1) 26026-0 · www.unido.org · [email protected] $mz4 NON-FERROUS METALS A Survey of their Production and Potential in the Developing Countries UNITED NATIONS NON-FERROUS METALS (COPPER, ALUMINIUM. -
In the Niger Country
mm ^ X >;{;:/' - THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES J2-f7 4^-/c' ^^".-4''>^/-:^ IN THE NIGER COUNTEY MAP OF THE NIGER COUNTRY IN THE NIGER COUNTRY BY HAROLD BINDLOSS WITH TWO MAPS WILLIAM BLACKWOOD AND SONS EDINBURGH AND LONDON MDCCCXCVIII All Rights reserved —— B5I CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. IN EARLY DAYS. PAGE General characteristics of the Niger region and its inhabitants The fever belt—Moslem influence—The Sahara—Early eastern explorers—The advent of the European—Mungo Park, his successors . forerunners and . .1 CHAPTER II. ON THE WAY TO THE NIGER TENERIFFE AND SIERRA LEONE. Santa Cruz, Teneriffe—Repulse of Nelson—N.E. trades—Young factory assistants — Freetown, Sierra Leone — Influence of missionaries—Types of population . .15 CHAPTER III. THE BATTLE OP WEIMA. Emir Samadu—Konno and Sofa raiders—March of the West Indias—Attack on Weima—Fatal mistake—Defeat of the raiders ........ 29 CHAPTER IV. LIBERIA AND THE BEACHES OF THE KROO COUNTRY. A tornado — Monrovia — The black republic — Kroo labourers Kroo villages—Means of transport—Want of harbours . 41 ^ ^ /» /-» r-> ,^ r> — VI . CONTENTS. CHAPTER V. THE GOLD COAST COLONT AND DAHOMEY. Early settlements—Fantis and Shantis—Haussa constabulary Elinina and Cape Coast Castle, Accra—African surf—The French in . Dahomey . .54 CHAPTEE VI. LAGOS AND THE NIGER MOUTHS. Lagos roads and town—Colour-caste—Trade of Lagos, and its bar —First glimpse of Niger delta—Crossing the bar—Early traders and establishment of Koyal Niger Company . 66 CHAPTER VII. AKASSA. General aspect of Akassa—Salt and gin—Arab traders—European dwelling—The Chartered Company . .78 CHAPTER VIII. -
An Assessment of Recent Changes in the Niger Delta Coastline Using Satellite Imagery Jimmy O
www.ccsenet.org/jsd Journal of Sustainable Development Vol. 3, No. 4; Decmber 2010 An Assessment of Recent Changes in the Niger Delta Coastline Using Satellite Imagery Jimmy O. Adegoke Department of Geosciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City Kansas City, MO 64110, USA E-mail: [email protected] Mofoluso Fageja, Godstime James & Ganiyu Agbaje National Space Research and Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria Temi E. Ologunorisa Centre for Climate Change and Environmental Research Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria E-mail: [email protected] Abstract In Nigeria, there is dearth of studies on recent changes on accelerated marine processes along the national coastlines despite their importance as ports for navigation and marine commerce as well as a bridge for aquatic and terrestrial life. This study, which deals with a time series analysis of recent changes in the Niger Delta Coastline using Satellite Imagery is an attempt at filling this gap. Landsat TM images of 1986 and Landsat ETM+ of 2003 both covering the Niger Delta area of Nigeria were used for this study and the images were processed using Erdas Imagine Version 8.7 and Arc Info 9.1 for the GIS operations. The results of the analyses show among other things that coastline erosion was dominant over accretion of sediment deposition. Also that the total area of observed changes along the coastlines was 46.535sq.km. Of this, 27.65sq.km (59.43%) constitutes eroded area, and 40.57% representing 18.88sq.km of the area showed coastal sediment accretion. Keywords: Coastal processes, Marine erosion, Niger Delta, Satellite imagery, Accretion 1. -
Entomologische Arbeiten Aus Dem Museum G. Frey Tutzing Bei München
download Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/ 118 Monographie der Dynastinae Pentodontini Monographie der Dynastinae (Col. Lamellicornia, Melolonthidae) 4. Tribus: Pentodontini der äthiopischen Region, III. Von S. Endrödi, Budapest Die beiden ersten Teile der Arbeit über die äthiopischen Pentodontini sind in den beiden letzten Bänden der Ent. Arb. Mus. Frey (25: 4— 108; 26: 321 — 361) erschienen. Dieser dritte und letzte Teil schließt unmittelbar an den zweiten an. 10. Gattung: Paranodon Cock Cock, Entom., 38, 1905, p. 104. Anodon Fairmaire, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, (5) I, 1871, p. 36 (praeocc.). — Prell, Ent. Blätt., 1936, p. 145. Clypeus an der Spitze abgerundet. Stirn mit vertiefter Stirnnaht. Man- dibeln außen mit 3 Zähnen. Fühler lOgliedrig, die Fahne auch beim (5 nicht verlängert. Halsschild mit einem postapikalen Tuberkel und einer Grube, beim Weibchen nur mit einer schwachen Depression. Die Flügeldecken mit Punktstreifen. Die Stridulations-Fläche am Propygidium längs der Mitte nicht geteilt. Prosternalzapfen hoch, die Spitze abgestutzt. Mittlere und hin- tere Schenkel nicht stark verdickt. Vorderschienen mit 3 Außenzähnen, der apikale Zahn sehr lang; die Hinterschienen ziemlich schlank, nur an der Spit- ze plötzlich stark erweitert, die Spitze selbst gerade abgestutzt, der Spitzen- rand mit zahlreichen Einkerbungen, in diesen mit längeren und kürzeren Borsten. Vordertarsen dünn, auch beim 6 nicht verdickt; Hintertarsen kür- zer als die Schienen. Alle Klauen einfach, gleichgeformt. Es ist bis heute nur eine Art dieser Gattung bekannt, da zwei Arten, die von dieser Gattung beschrieben wurden (P. muticus Burm. und excellens Ar- row) wegen des zweispitzigen Clypeus in die Gattung Heteroconus Kolbe transferiert werden mußten. P. conicifrons Fairmaire gehört in die Gattung Lonchotus Typus derGattung: Anodon coquereli Fairmaire. -
Petro-Violence and the Geography of Conflict in Nigeria's
Spaces of Insurgency: Petro-Violence and the Geography of Conflict in Nigeria’s Niger Delta By Elias Edise Courson A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Geography in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Michael J. Watts, Chair Professor Ugo G. Nwokeji Professor Jake G. Kosek Spring 2016 Spaces of Insurgency: Petro-Violence and the Geography of Conflict in Nigeria’s Niger Delta © 2016 Elias Edise Courson Abstract Spaces of Insurgency: Petro-Violence and the Geography of Conflict in Nigeria’s Niger Delta by Elias Edise Courson Doctor of Philosophy in Geography University of California, Berkeley Professor Michael J. Watts, Chair This work challenges the widely held controversial “greed and grievance” (resource curse) narrative by drawing critical insights about conflicts in the Niger Delta. The Niger Delta region of Nigeria has attracted substantial scholarly attention in view of the paradox of poverty and violence amidst abundant natural resources. This discourse suggests that persistent resource- induced conflicts in the region derive from either greed or grievance. Instead, the present work draws inspiration from the political geography of the Niger Delta, and puts the physical area at the center of its analysis. The understanding that the past and present history of a people is etched in their socio-political geography inspires this focus. Whereas existing literatures engages with the Niger Delta as a monolithic domain, my study takes a more nuanced approach, which recognizes a multiplicity of layers mostly defined by socio-geographical peculiarities of different parts of the region and specificity of conflicts its people experience. -
Implementation of a Public Awareness and Public Participation Programme in Relation to Mangrove Depletion and Proposed Re-Forestation in Coastal Nigeria
RESTRICTED Original: English IMPLEMENTATION OF A PUBLIC AWARENESS AND PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PROGRAMME IN RELATION TO MANGROVE DEPLETION AND PROPOSED RE-FORESTATION IN COASTAL NIGERIA Technical report: Preliminary Report on the design of a questionnaire and extent of mangrove loss and documentation of the most impacted sites Prepared for the United Nations Industrial Development Organization Based on the work by Bioresources Development and Conservation Programme (BDCP) Project Managers: C. Ibe/C. Ukwe United Nations Industrial Development Organization Vienna EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Overview Nigeria, the largest country in Africa with a total area of 923,769sq km (land 910,768 and water 13,000 sq km) is located between 4o and 14o latitude north and 2.30o and 14.30o degrees longitude east (Figure 2.1). It is bordered in the west by the republic of Benin, in the east by the Republic of Cameroon, in the North by Niger Republic and Chad in the northeast and the Gulf of Guinea of the Central Eastern Atlantic in the south. The Nigerian coastal and marine area is a narrow coastal strip of land bordered by the Gulf of Guinea of the Central Eastern Atlantic. The coastal areas stretch inland for a distance of about 15km in Lagos to about 150km in the Niger Delta and about 25km east of the Niger Delta. Mangroves are found to some extent in all the nine coastal states of Nigeria (Lagos, Ogun, Ondo, Edo, Delta, Bayelsa, Rivers, Akwa Ibom and Cross River). The major concentrations however are in the key Niger Delta states of Delta, Bayelsa and Rivers. -
The Niger Delta: 'Petro Violence'
Review of African Political Economy No.101:401-424 © ROAPE Publications Ltd., 2004 The Niger Delta: ‘Petro Violence’ and ‘Partnership Development’1 Anna Zalik This article examines the globalisation of corporate strategic philanthropy as played out in the Niger Delta of Nigeria – a region that has been marked by a history of state and petroleum industry collusion both in social repression and environmental destruction. Social control of the Delta has rested largely on what Watts (2001) conceptualises as ‘petro violence’, the joint security imposed by the Nigerian military and oil companies to police their installations and the environment of social unrest that surrounds petroleum extraction. In examining the extractive industry’s response to social dislocation, this study focuses on the adoption of a model of partnership and participatory development by Shell Nigeria. The implementation of the social stabilisation project promoted by Shell’s partnership model and facilitated by international donors and state institutions (understood in corporate strategy as a ‘leveraged buy in’), exemplifies the reciprocal formation of the corporate social governance projects and development assistance in the Nigerian context. Yet this new model’s attempt to achieve social consent is partially contradicted by the corporate requirement of profit maximisation served by rising prices associated with perceived and real threats to oil supplies. The oil companies’ pursuit of a social ‘licence to operate’ thus rests uneasily with an industry whose underlying logic profits from the upward movement of oil prices, dependent on instability and violence. They wanted me to implement the (major community project) through the CD (community development) model so that I would be responsible for 40 million Naira. -
Modeling the Effects Sea Level Rise on Flooding in the Lower Niger River
City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works International Conference on Hydroinformatics 2014 Modeling The Effects Sea Level Rise On Flooding In The Lower Niger River Zahrah Naankwat Musa Ioana Popescu Arthur E. Mynett How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/cc_conf_hic/105 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] 11th International Conference on Hydroinformatics HIC 2014, New York City, USA MODELING THE EFFECTS SEA LEVEL RISE ON FLOODING IN THE LOWER NIGER RIVER ZAHRAH N. MUSA (1), IOANNA POPESCU (2), ARTHUR MYNETT(1,3) (1): Department of water Science and Engineering, UNESCO-IHE, Delft, the Netherlands (2): Department of Integrated Water Systems and Governance, UNESCO-IHE, Delft, the Netherlands (3): Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University (TU), Delft, the Netherlands The Niger River bifurcates into the Nun and Forcados rivers as it flows through the Lower Niger delta; with the Forcados River taking 46% of the discharge and the Nun River taking 54%. Within the last fifteen years the Niger delta coastal zone has experienced peak floods between September and October due to intense rains from upstream. Many studies including the United Nations Framework on Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) reports, indicate that the Niger delta region could be inundated with water due to the effects of climate change. According to local experts, the Niger delta is subsiding at over 25mm/annum; a situation that can exacerbate the effects of flooding and inundation in the area. -
Kogi Reports Barging Study Completed
ASX ANNOUCEMENT & MEDIA RELEASE 14 October 2013 KOGI REPORTS BARGING STUDY COMPLETED Highlights Niger River Barging Study Completed by Prestedge Retief Dresner Wijnberg (Pty) Ltd Five barging scenarios considered Use of the existing Warri Port for transfer and stockpiling provides the optimal operating and capital cost outcome Barging transportation will form the basis of the 5 Mtpa Scoping Study Australian based iron ore development company, Kogi Iron Limited (ASX: KFE) (“Kogi Iron” or the “Company”) is pleased to report the results of a Niger River Barging Study for its 100% owned Agbaja Iron Ore Project (“Agbaja Project”). The study was conducted by South African port and coastal engineering consultants, Prestedge Retief Dresner Wijnberg (Pty) Ltd (“PRDW”). PRDW was appointed by Kogi’s 100% owned Nigerian subsidiary KCM Mining Ltd to investigate the feasibility of using river barges to transport iron ore concentrate via the Niger River from Agbaja to the coast near the Warri Port, then transhipment to larger ocean-going vessels (“OGV”) moored offshore. The study proposes a number of alternatives, each of which was assessed and compared to select the optimal solution for incorporation into the Scoping Study. Concept 1 – Warri Stockpile This option considered the use of a stockpile facility at Port Warri. It assumed the use of existing port infrastructure and the continuous delivery of iron ore concentrate by river barges from a barge loading facility at Banda on the Niger River, proximal to the Agbaja Project. A separate fleet of deeper draft sea-going barges makes use of the deeper river channels 50 nautical miles (“NM”) from Warri via the Chanomi Creek to the Escravos River mouth, and a further 18 NM to the transhipment site to load the OGV. -
History of Nigeria History of N I G.E Ria
HISTORY OF NIGERIA HISTORY OF N I G.E RIA By A. C. BURNS," c.M.G. Deputy Chief Secretary to the Government of Nigeria LONDON GEORGE ALLEN & UNWIN LTD MUSEUM STREET FIRST I'UBLISBED IN 1929 A.U rights festm~e4 I'RINTED IN GREAT BRitAIN BY UNWIN BII.OTBERS LTD,, WOJUNG TO PETER PREFACE WHEN I first arrived in Nigeria, in 1912, Northern. and Southern Nigeria were still separate administra~ tions, with different traditions and distinct histories. Those Europeans who were interested in one Pro tectorate knew little of the other, and wasted no sympathy on their neighbours, while among the inhabitants of the country the .lack of a uniform sy2tem of government had accentuated the already existing differences of race, religion and culture. In no way was the difference between Northern and Southern Nigeria more marked than in the quality of their bibliographies. Several excellent books had been written on Northern Nigeria, and the history of the Protectorate was easily available to those who wished to study it. Of Southern Nigeria, on the other hand, there was not a single complete history, and information about the people of the country, and the early British administration on the Coast, was almost impossible to find. Still more impossible was it to obtain, in a single volume, a history of Nigeria as a whole, and the amalgamation of the Ist January, 1914, made a book of this sort more than ever necessary. Some years ago I began to collect the necessary materials for a history of Nigeria, but before this could be completed I was tran~ferred to the· Bahamas, where I languished for five years.