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Masterarbeit / Master's Thesis MASTERARBEIT / MASTER’S THESIS Titel der Masterarbeit / Title of the Master‘s Thesis Michael der Tapfere. Sein Bild in der ungarischsprachigen Historiografie des 17. Jahrhunderts verfasst von / submitted by Kata Tóth angestrebter akademischer Grad / in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (MA) Wien, 2019 / Vienna 2019 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt / A 066 803 degree programme code as it appears on the student record sheet: Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt / Masterstudium Geschichte degree programme as it appears on the student record sheet: Betreut von / Supervisor: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Oliver Jens Schmitt Danksagung Hiermit möchte ich mich bei meinem Betreuer, Herrn Prof. Oliver Jens Schmitt, für die ausgezeichnete und kompetente Betreuung und Unterstützung bedanken. Beginnend von der Themenwahl bis zum Abschluss dieser Masterarbeit erhielt ich immerzu wertvolle Ratschläge. Weiters bedanke ich mich bei meiner Familie, welche mein Studium ermöglicht und mich während meiner gesamten Ausbildung auf jegliche Art und Weise unterstützt hat. Auch möchte ich meinem Freund Egon meinen Dank aussprechen, welcher mir nicht nur beim Korrekturlesen geholfen hat, sondern mir Kraft und Rückhalt gegeben hat. 2 Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Einleitung ..................................................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Vorwort ................................................................................................................................... 6 1.2 Fragestellung .......................................................................................................................... 7 1.3 Forschungsstand ..................................................................................................................... 8 1.4 Quellen ................................................................................................................................. 10 1.5 Theorien und Methoden ........................................................................................................ 12 2 Michael der Tapfere – sein Leben und Wirken .......................................................................... 15 3 Ungarische Geschichtsschreibung im 17. Jahrhundert .............................................................. 20 4 Vorstellung der Autoren und ihrer Werke .................................................................................. 22 4.1 Gergely Gersei Pethő ............................................................................................................ 22 4.2 István Illésházy ..................................................................................................................... 23 4.3 Máté Szepsi Laczkó .............................................................................................................. 24 4.4 Ferenc Hidvégi Mikó ............................................................................................................ 26 4.5 Lestár Rátóti Gyulaffi ........................................................................................................... 27 4.6 Tamás Borsos ........................................................................................................................ 29 4.7 Ferenc Nagy Szabó ............................................................................................................... 30 5 Das Bild Michaels ...................................................................................................................... 32 5.1 Analyse des Bildes Michaels in einzelnen Etappen seiner Herrschaft ................................. 32 5.1.1 Der Vertrag mit dem Heiligen Römischen Reich und die Unterordnung unter das Fürstentum Siebenbürgen ......................................................................................................... 32 5.1.2 Feldzug unterhalb der Donau 1595 ................................................................................. 34 5.1.3 Der walachische Feldzug 1595 ....................................................................................... 35 5.1.4 Feldzüge und diplomatische Ereignisse zwischen 1595 und 1599 ................................. 37 5.1.5 Michaels Ankunft in Siebenbürgen und die Schlacht bei Schellenberg .......................... 39 5.1.6 Das Begräbnis von Andreas Báthory .............................................................................. 42 5.1.7 Michaels Herrschaft in Siebenbürgen ............................................................................. 44 5.1.7.1 Innenpolitik ................................................................................................................ 44 5.1.7.2 Außenpolitik .............................................................................................................. 47 5.1.8 Der Weg zum Sturz Michaels .......................................................................................... 48 3 5.1.9 Die Schlacht bei Mirăslău und Michaels Sturz ............................................................... 51 5.1.10 Die Schlacht bei Guruslău ............................................................................................. 55 5.1.11 Der Tod Michaels .......................................................................................................... 57 5.1.12 Die Erwähnung Michaels bezüglich der Ereignisse nach seinem Tode ........................ 59 5.2 Analyse des Bildes Michaels je nach Autoren ...................................................................... 61 5.2.1 Pethő ................................................................................................................................ 61 5.2.2 Illésházy .......................................................................................................................... 62 5.2.3 Szepsi Laczkó.................................................................................................................. 63 5.2.4 Mikó ................................................................................................................................ 64 5.2.5 Gyulaffi ........................................................................................................................... 66 5.2.6 Borsos .............................................................................................................................. 67 5.2.7 Nagy Szabó ..................................................................................................................... 68 6 Die Bilder anderer politischer Persönlichkeiten sowie ethnischer, gesellschaftlicher und politisch-militärischer Gruppen im Verhältnis zum Bild Michaels .............................................. 71 6.1 Die Bilder anderer politischer Persönlichkeiten ................................................................... 71 6.1.1 Sigismund Báthory .......................................................................................................... 71 6.1.2 Andreas Báthory .............................................................................................................. 73 6.1.3 Giorgio Basta .................................................................................................................. 74 6.1.4 Rudolf II. ......................................................................................................................... 77 6.1.5 Siebenbürgische Akteure nach Michael: Székely, Bocskay, Gabriel Báthory, Bethlen .. 78 6.2 Walachen............................................................................................................................... 80 6.3 Die Bilder der Völker Siebenbürgens ................................................................................... 81 6.3.1 Natio Hungarica .............................................................................................................. 81 6.3.2 Natio Siculica .................................................................................................................. 83 6.3.3 Natio Saxonica ................................................................................................................ 85 6.3.4 Rumänen in Siebenbürgen .............................................................................................. 86 6.4 Die Bilder der Nachbarvölker .............................................................................................. 87 6.4.1 Die Kaiserlichen .............................................................................................................. 87 6.4.1.1 „Deutsche“ ................................................................................................................. 87 6.4.1.2 Italiener ...................................................................................................................... 88 6.4.1.3 Wallonen .................................................................................................................... 89 4 6.4.2 Osmanen .......................................................................................................................... 89 6.4.3 Moldauer ......................................................................................................................... 91 6.4.4 Polen ................................................................................................................................ 92 6.4.5 Serben .............................................................................................................................
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