Choral Societies and Nationalism in Europe

Krisztina Lajosi and Andreas Stynen - 9789004300859 Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 07:51:02PM via free access National Cultivation of Culture

Edited by

Joep Leerssen

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John Breuilly – Ina Ferris – Patrick J. Geary John Neubauer – Tom Shippey – Anne-Marie Thiesse

VOLUME 9

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Krisztina Lajosi and Andreas Stynen - 9789004300859 Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 07:51:02PM via free access Choral Societies and Nationalism in Europe

Edited by

Krisztina Lajosi Andreas Stynen

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Cover illustration: Job Lot Cheap by William Michael Harnett, 1878. From the Reynolda House Museum of ThisAmerican book isArt. part Wikimedia 3 of the NISE Commons. Proceedings. Cover illustration: Postcard depicting the eighth edition of the German Choral Festival in Nuremberg, 1912. FourThe Library color printing of Congress of E. Cataloging-in-PublicationNister, Nürnberg. Data is available online at http://catalog.loc.gov LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/ The postcard is from Editor Krisztina Lajosi’s own collection. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Choral societies and nationalism in Europe / edited by Krisztina Lajosi, Andreas Stynen. pages cm. — (National cultivation of culture ; 9) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-30084-2 (hardback : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-90-04-30085-9 (e-book) 1. Choral societies—Europe—History. 2. Nationalism—Europe—History. I. Lajosi, Krisztina, editor. II. Stynen, Andreas, editor. ML1520.C46 2015 782.506’04—dc23 2015023723

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0004752108.INDD 4 300845 07-02-2020 18:34:14 Contents

Acknowledgements vii Notes on Contributors viii

Introduction 1 Krisztina Lajosi and Andreas Stynen

1 German Influences Choirs, Repertoires, Nationalities 14 Joep Leerssen

2 Choral Societies and Nationalist Mobilization in Nineteenth-Century France 33 Sophie-Anne Leterrier

3 Song in the Service of Politics and the Building of Norway 53 Anne Jorunn Kydland

4 Choral Societies and Nationalist Mobilization in the Nineteenth Century A Scottish Perspective 70 Jane Mallinson

5 Fighting Choirs Choral Singing and the Emergence of a Welsh National Tradition, 1860–1914 83 Gareth Williams

6 The Large-Scale Oratorio Chorus in Nineteenth-Century England Choral Power and the Role of Handel’s Messiah 99 Fiona M. Palmer

7 National Art and Local Sociability Dutch Male Choral Societies in the Nineteenth Century 111 Jozef Vos

8 The Choir Scene in Flemish Belgium in the First Half of the Nineteenth Century The Vlaemsch-Duitsch Zangverbond 130 Jan Dewilde

Krisztina Lajosi and Andreas Stynen - 9789004300859 Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 07:51:02PM via free access vi contents

9 Choral Societies and Nationalist Mobilization in the Basque Country The Orfeon Donostiarra 152 Carmen de las Cuevas Hevia

10 Choral Societies and Nationalist Mobilization in Catalonia, 1850–1930 157 Dominique Vidaud

11 “By Means of Singing to the Heart, by Means of Heart to the Homeland” Choral Societies and the Nationalist Mobilization of Czechs in the Nineteenth Century 187 Karel Šima, Tomáš Kavka, and Hana Zimmerhaklová

12 Collapsing Stages and Standing Ovations Hungarian Choral Societies and Sociability in the Nineteenth Century 206 Krisztina Lajosi

13 Choral Societies and National Mobilization in the Serbian (Inter)national Network 225 Tatjana Marković

14 Choral Societies and National Mobilization in Nineteenth-Century Bulgaria 241 Ivanka Vlaeva

Bibliography 261 Index 280

Krisztina Lajosi and Andreas Stynen - 9789004300859 Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 07:51:02PM via free access Acknowledgements

This book is the result of a workshop on Choral Movements and Nationalist Mobilization (Antwerp, February 2011), jointly organised by NISE (National movements & Intermediary Structures in Europe) and SPIN (Study Platform on Interlocking Nationalisms). The editors wish to express their gratitude to everyone involved in both the workshop and this resulting publication. Special thanks to the members of the 2010–2011 advisory board: Koenraad De Meulder, Koen De Scheemaeker, Jan Dewilde, Vic Nees (†), Michaël Scheck, Hugo Sledsens, Maarten Van Ginderachter, Frans-Jos Verdoodt and Staf Vos. We are also grateful to John Neubauer and Philipp Ther for their helpful advice. Special thanks also to Gene Moore for his help with copy-editing.

Krisztina Lajosi and Andreas Stynen - 9789004300859 Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 07:51:02PM via free access Notes on Contributors

Carmen de las Cuevas Hevia is Senior Lecturer in Music Teaching at the Department of Music, Arts and Physical Education, School of Education, University of the Basque Country (Spain). An expert in both voice training and music education, she has worked since 1984 in the graduate and postgraduate programs in Teacher Training at the University of the Basque Country, where in 1998 she received her Ph.D. in Education with a dissertation entitled “Orfeón Donostiarra 1897–1997: proyec- ción social, cultural y educativa,” a case study involving the choral societies movement in the Basque Country. Her fields of interest are choral music teaching, primary education teacher training, and formal and informal aspects of music teaching.

Jan Dewilde studied musicology at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and wrote his thesis on the Flemish composer Jules Falck (1881–1959). He publishes on Flemish music, and musical heritage and libraries. Currently, he is working on a biog- raphy of the composer Peter Benoit (1834–1901). He is also an editor for a sheet music series, The Flemish Music Collection (Repertoire Explorer), at Musikproduktion Höflich in Munich. Since 1998 he has been the scientific coordinator for the Study Centre for Flemish Music, a post he combines since 2006 with his work as a head librarian at the Royal Conservatoire Antwerp (Artesis Plantijn University College).

Tomáš Kavka earned his Ph.D. in 2013 at the Institute of Social and Economic History, Charles University, Prague, where he specialized in art societies of the belle époque, Czech and German national movements and popular culture. He co-authored (together with Ondřej Daniel and Jakub Machek) a collective monograph entitled Popular Culture in Czech Space (in Czech, 2013). His areas of interest include everyday life and youth aspects of post-socialist popular culture. He is a chairman of Prague’s NGO Centre for the Study of Popular Culture (CSPK).

Anne Jorunn Kydland holds a doctoral degree from the University of Oslo (1996), and a position as research librarian at the National Library of Norway. Her various books and articles are focused on cultural history, in particular Norwegian literature and

Krisztina Lajosi and Andreas Stynen - 9789004300859 Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 07:51:02PM via free access Notes On Contributors ix music, especially the song culture of the nineteenth century, but also music history in the twentieth century. She has for instance studied Eivind Groven’s life and work from a variety of approaches, for example by organizing activities involving Groven’s recently tuned organ, and by editing a volume with contributions from different countries: “East of Noise”: Eivind Groven. Composer, Ethnomusicologist, Researcher (2013).

Krisztina Lajosi is Assistant Professor in the Department of European Studies at the University of Amsterdam, where her Ph.D. in cultural history examined the role of operas in nation-building movements in East-Central Europe. She is the coordinator of a research project supported by the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences exploring the transnational ramifications of European national styles in music.

Joep Leerssen is Royal Netherlands Academy Professor in European Studies at the University of Amsterdam. In 2008 he was awarded the Spinoza Prize. His publications in nationalism studies deal with Ireland (Remembrance and Imagination, 1996), the Low Countries (De Bronnen van het Vaderland, 2011), and the intellectual and cultural history of nationalism in Europe, particularly in the nineteenth century (National Thought in Europe, 2006).

Sophie-Anne Leterrier has taught art history and contemporary cultural history at the Université d’Artois since 2003. From 1994–2003 she taught cultural history at the Université Lille 3. She currently works mostly on popular musical practices in nineteenth- century France. Along with numerous contributions and articles, she has published five books: L’Institution des sciences morales (1795–1850) (1995), Jérôme Paturot: A la recherche d’une position sociale (with Louis Reybaud, 1996), Le XIXe siècle historien: Anthologie raisonnée (1997), Le Mélomane et l’historien (2006), and Béranger: Des chansons pour un peuple citoyen (2013).

Jane Mallinson’s doctoral thesis was on the choral works of Hamish MacCunn (1868–1916). Her main research interest is the growth of choral societies in Scotland and the impact of Tonic Sol-fa. Other research interests include Andrew MacCunn (the younger brother of Hamish), the baritone Andrew Black, and concert life in nineteenth-century Scotland. With Moira Ann Harris she co-authored articles

Krisztina Lajosi and Andreas Stynen - 9789004300859 Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 07:51:02PM via free access x notes on contributors on Scottish topics for the new edition of Baerenreiter’s Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart. She is an Honorary Research Associate of the School of Culture and Creative Arts at the University of Glasgow and a member of the Advisory Board of Musica Scotica.

Tatjana Marković is an Associate Professor teaching at the University of Arts in Belgrade and the University of Music and Performing Arts in Vienna; she has also been a guest professor in Ljubljana and Graz. She completed a postdoctoral project on South-Eastern European opera at the Austrian Academy of Sciences (2010–2014). She is an editor for the open access research journal TheMA and for a book series in SEE Studies (Vienna). She has published on 18th–20th century music (SEE, Russian, and German opera; music historiography). Her books include Transfigurations of Serbian Romanticism: Music in the Context of Cultural Studies (in Serbian, 2005), Historical and Analytical-Theoretical Coordinates of Style in Music (in Serbian, 2009), and (with Andreas Holzer) Galina Ivanovna Ustovl’skaja—Komponieren als Obsession (2013).

Fiona M. Palmer is Professor of Music at Maynooth University—National University of Ireland, Maynooth, where she served as Head of the Department of Music from 2007 to 2014. Her research interests focus on music and musicians in the marketplace, performance practice, culture, commerce, canonization of the repertoire, and socio-economic issues in Britain in the long nineteenth century. Her publications include critical biographies of the virtuoso double bassist Domenico Dragonetti (1997) and of the church musician, editor and publisher Vincent Novello (2006). She is currently writing a monograph exploring the development of the orches- tral conducting profession in Britain from around 1870 to 1914.

Karel Šima earned his Ph.D. in historical anthropology at Charles University in Prague. In his thesis he studied Czech national festivities in the nineteenth century as performative processes of national identity formation. He has published several articles on nationalist festive culture in Czech journals. In addition, his research interests include theory and methodology of history (narrativ- ism, memory, nationalism) and modern popular culture. He is also engaged in higher education research and policy, co-authoring various journal articles along with three books on Czech higher education and particularly on the Humboldtian idea of the university.

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Andreas Stynen is a researcher at the Antwerp-based ADVN—the Archives and Documentation Center for Flemish Nationalism. He obtained a Ph.D. in history from Leuven University with a study of nineteenth-century visions of nature and cities. His publications include titles on the collective memory of national movements, trans-Atlantic migration, and popular music. He is also editorial secretary of Studies on National Movements, NISE’s online journal.

Dominique Vidaud is associated with the Université Lumière—Lyon 2 in France. For five years he taught modern and contemporary history at the French Institute in Athens. His specialty is choral singing and nationalism in Catalonia, for which he received his M.A. in History in Lyon in 2000 with a thesis on “Chant choral et identité nationale en Catalogne, 1891–1931.” For four years he was a teacher at the French Institute in Barcelona and a choir singer in the Orfeó Català.

Ivanka Vlaeva graduated from the National Academy of Music “Pancho Vladigerov” in Sofia. She completed a degree in Cultural Studies at Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski” and a Ph.D. at Moscow State Conservatory. She is currently an Associate Professor at South-West University “Neofit Rilski,” an associated member at the Institute of Art Studies of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, and a lecturer at Sofia University. Her interests are in music in Bulgaria, world music, and the music of Asia. She has participated in many conferences in Bulgaria and abroad, and is the author of dozens of academic works, more than one hundred reviews and popular articles, and books about the Bulgarian composer Lyubomir Denev and the music of Asia.

Jozef Vos is a historian associated with the Research Institute for History and Culture at Utrecht University. He is the author of various books and articles in the general area of the social and cultural history of the past two centuries.

Gareth Williams is Emeritus Professor of History at the University of South Wales in Pontypridd, in the heart of the Welsh coalfield. He has written and broadcast extensively in English and Welsh on popular culture in nineteenth- and twentieth-century Wales, particularly sport and choral singing. His books include Valleys of Song: Music and Society in Wales 1840–1914 (2003), and he has written and edited

Krisztina Lajosi and Andreas Stynen - 9789004300859 Downloaded from Brill.com09/29/2021 07:51:02PM via free access xii notes on contributors books on oral history, rugby, and boxing. He is currently writing a history of the Welsh male voice choir.

Hana Zimmerhaklová works as a head of the Department of Grant Administration at the Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague. In her historical work, she deals with modern cultural history, especially the ongoing interaction between society and art institutions. Her Ph.D. thesis focused on the Estates Theatre in Prague during the “long” nineteenth century.

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