DOCSLIB.ORG

Popular Prophecy in Sixteenth-Century England

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Popular Prophecy in Sixteenth-Century England !o-b- t-l POPULAR PROPHECY IN SIXTEENTH. CENTURY ENGLAND : BY MOUTH AND PEN IN THE ATEHOUSE AND FROM THE PULPIT Frances M. Gladwin Department of History Thesis presented as requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophyin the Faculry of Arrs, University of Ade*aide Ma¡ch 1992. 1l CONTENTS Abstract Abb¡eviatiorrs --.....- ...--.ix 1 INTRODUCTION L PART ONE: The Definition of Prophecy Chapter One Modern Commentators z3 Chapter Two Tudor Prophets andMethods of Prophesying..---. ....-,--...45 Chapter Three The Prophecies 68 PART TWO: The Atøck on Prophecy Chapter Four Literary Opponenrs of Prophecy 89 Chapter Five Legislarive Opposition to Prophecy and Merhods of Prosecurion 120 PART THREE: The Transmission of Prophecy and the Participants Chapter Six The Transmission of Prophecy 152 Chapter Seven Parricipants: The Nobiliry t74 Chapter Eight Participanrs: The Clergy z0z Chapter Nine Participants: The Common People 228 111 CONCLUSION 257 Appendix One S tatutory I-e gi sl ation Under \(¡hich Judici al Authorities'Were Able to Prosecute Prophesiers 276 Appendix Two Sixteenth.Century Statutes Against Prophecy 278 Appendix Three Genealogical Chart of the Stafford Family 284 Appendix Four Genealogical Chart of the Pole Famíly 285 Appendix Five Genealogical Chart of the Howard Family 286 BIBLIOGRAPI{Y 287 GLOSSARY 338 ERRATA p.47 Lines 13 and 14 for "Pankhurst" read "Parkhurst". t'Foxe". p.48 Line 17 for "Fox" read p,74 Line 5 for "Stn/rre" read "Styrre". p,93 Líne 2 for " 1588 " read " 1583 ". p,123 Line 11 for "1558" read "1559". p, 156 Line 8 for "cardinal of York" read "archbishop of York" p. 161 Line 1 for "renorryn" read "fenowned". p. 164 Líne 7 for "principle" read "principal". p.285 For "Viscout Lisle" read "Viscount Lisle". 1V DECLARATION This thesis contains no material that has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or writcen by another peÍson, except where due reference is made in the text. Should this thesis fulfil the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy I consent to it being made available for photocopytng andloan. FRANCES M. GLAD\øIN Department of History, Universiry of Adelaide, 1997, V ABSTRACT Many historians of popular culture propose that during the sixteenth century a sepatation existed between the culture of the educated minority and that of the unlearned majoriry. Untit recently rhe history of popular culrure focused on examples of cultural division, In contrast this thesis presents non.scriptural prophecy as an example of shared culture. Non-scriptural prophecy was a phenomenon that crossed social boundaries and demonstrated the existence of areas of coûìrnon culture despite the disparity among individuals creared by other social, economic and cultural differences. This thesis also questions previous modern depictions of Tudor prophecy and presents a revision of the sources for a study of non,scriptural prophecy in an attempt to rectify the imbalance of marry studies unduly influenced by the dominance of elite documentation. This re-examination of non-scriptural prophecies from a historical perspective, rather than a literary one, further uncovers the interests and modvations of non-leamed adherents of prophecy and ultimately reveals that many people in the sixteenth century shared a common interest in prophecy that transcended social and other boundaries, Part one of this thesis, The Definition of Prophecv, contains three chapters that provide a comprehensive definition of the cultural phenomenon. The first chapter reviews definirions of prophecy made by historians and literary scholars since Rupert Taylor published the first book on rhe subject in 1911. This initial chapter includes a general discussion of al1 prophetic types identified by scholars of medievai and early modem Europe. The second chapter defines prophecy as people understood the phenomenon in the sixteenth century. This chapter idenrifies the prophet and other methods of creating or receiving prophecies, while the fir'ral chapter in this section V1 identifies the literary geffe of non.scriptural prophecies as a subject separate from their source of creation or dissemination. Section two of this thesis, The Attack on Prophecv, examines the elite denunciation of non.scriptural prophecies. Learned individuals vilified prophecies predominantly through published ffeatises and the legislature. Chaprer four reviews the practical and theological arguments against prophecy presented by literary commenlators. Chapter five examines the laws against sedition, treason and prophecy used by the judiciary in the prosecution of prophesiers. The final section of this thesis, The Transmission of Prophecv and the Participants, contains four chapters. Chapter six reveals the literary and oral exchange of propheric knowledge chroughout sixteenth.century sociery. The final three chapters discuss the participants, the nobiliry, the clergy and the conunon peopie, who adhered to prophecies and were known to judicial authorities of the period. This secrion is an attempt to expose the concerns of those who adhered ro prophecy without the undue influence of elite opinion. vll ACKNO\ryLEDGMENTS I would first like to thank my supervisors from the Department of History at the University of Adelaide, A, Lynn Martin and Frank McGregor for their help over the years it rook to finish this thesis, I am enormously appreciative of their confidence in my ability and of their exemplary academic skills that contributed to the production of this work. \(/hile researching in England, I was fortunate to have the guidance of Tim Strelton from the University of Cambridge who supervised my work during this time. I am particularly grateful to the Faculty of History at the University of Cambridge who accepted me as a visiting research student. I would also like to acknowledge the assislance of staff at the Insritute of Historical Research, London, the Bodleian Library, Oxford, The British Library Manuscripts Room, the Public Record Ofíice, London and '\ùü'arburg the Universiry of London's Institute. I greatly appreciate the access to manuscripts qnd other research material that these organisations were able to give me without which rhis thesis could nor have been complered. .ìVarneke, I also wish to thank Al Gabay and especially Sara who encouraged my inlerest in history at an undergraduate level and remained supportive throughout my years as a postgraduate and Bill Craven from the Australian National Universiry for his corffrlents, At the Universiry of Adelaide, the assistance of Margaret Hosking, subjecr librarian al the Barr Smith Library, was invaluable as was the support of Julie, Marion and Gloria in the departmental office and my fellow posrgraduates, in particular Lisl, Peter and Lynette. I have also appreciated the help given to me in the production of this thesis by Michael andJill. viii On a personal note, I am indebted to my family and friends for their understanding and unquestioning support - Fran and Dad, Maman, the Thiele family, Eliza Jane, Chris and Danne, Karen, and Liz. A very big thankyou to David, 1X ABBREVTATIONS APC Acts of the Priw Council: New Series. ASSI35 Assizes: Norfolk, Home and South.Eastern Circuitsr Indictment Files (1559.1968), Public Record Office, London. BL British Library, London, Bodleian Bodleian Library, Oxford. Cheshire Cheshire Record Office, Cheshire. CSPD Calendar of State Papers, Domestic Series. CSPD. Add. Calendar of State Paoers. Domestic Series , of rhe Reisn of Elizabeth, Addenda DNB Dctionarv of National Biosraphv E Exchequer, Public Record Office, London, Folger TheFolgerShakespeareLibrary,'\ù7'ashingtonD,C. HMC Historical Manuscriprs Commission, JC Ioumals of the House of Commons. L oumals of the House of LP Letters and Paoers. Foreign and of the Reisn of Henrv VIII PC Privy Council Registers, Public Record Office, London. SP State Papers, Public Record Office, London. SR The Starutes of the Realm. STAC Star Chamber Proceedings, Public Record Office, London. STC Short Title Catalogue number in A.'W', Pollard and G.R. Redgrave, eds., A Short.Tirle talosue of Books Printed in Scotland and Ireland. and of Enelish Books Printed Abroad 1475.1640 (London,1976. 1986) and Donald \il'ing, Title of Books 'SØale and British Books Printed in Orher Counrries 1641.1700 (New York ,1945-1951), X CONVENTIONS 'VØhen quoting material from the sixteenth century I have expanded abbreviations and made only minor alterations to spelling where appropriate, In giving dates I assurne the year began on 1 January. I use modern place names wherever possible and otherwise retain rhe original spelling. The title of all proclamations derive from the Shorr-Title Catalogue by Pollard and Redgrave. In quoting folio numbers I have consistently referred to the hand wrirren number ar the bottom of the manuscript page. The only exception is in the case of Elizaberhan documents for which I cite, wherever possibie, the printed number ar the top right hand side of lhe manuscript page. For many of the documents used in this thesis no standard numbering system is evident, and in many cases the original documents include several folio numbers on a single page. However, I have tried to keep my citation of folio numbers consistent with that of other historians of the period and have included calendar references for the convenience of the reader. INTRODUCTION "Recognition of cultural divisions must not blind us to the existence, at any given point in time, of areas of comnton culture , shared meanings , which united all ranks of society''. Martin Ingram, "Ridings, Rough Music and the 'Reform of Popular Culture' in Earþ Modern England', Past and Present, no. 105 (1984), p, 7 9, Following the Henrician Reformarion of the 1530s religious reformers attacked rhe ofus oþeratumof the Catholic Church and condemned all forms of prophetic activity as demonic. \(¡hile prophecy was a valid form of communication berween God and his people during btblicat rimes, reformers argued that the spirit of prophecy no longer exisred in rheir period.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 0074098C.Pdf (6.211Mb)
    £ARLY ENGLISH PURITANISM A3 EXEMPLIFIED IN THE LIFE AMD OF HENRY SMITH A Thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Ph.D., Edinburgh University DOUGLAS EVOiM NELSON, B.A. , Th.B. November, 1939 TABLE OF Chapter Preface i . ENGLISH PURITANISM: QRI^I^ AND EARLY DEVELOPMENT . i Part One- The beginning of the vestiarian controversy under Edward VI. Part Two- The Reformation in exile. The Troubles uf Frankfort. The English Church at G-eneva; its contributions to later Puritanism II. PUhiTANIdu UNDER ELIZABETH (1558-1568).......... 25 The hopeful return or the exiles. Elizabeth and Parker hostile to the Genevan spirit. Principle of via media adopted in ecclesiasti­ cal policy. Act Qf Supremacy and Act of Uniformity give Elizabeth full scope ror her Tudor absolutism. Convocation of 156J5 closes door nnaily on Puritan hopes of concessions. Parker determined to enforce conformity in spite of reluctance or his bishops. III. PURITANISM (1568-1583) ....................... 49 Attack on Church shifts from vestments and rites to polity. Puritan party begins to organize around Presbyterianism of Cartwright. Admonitions to Parliament. .Yandsworth Presby. Book of Discipline arranged by Travers. Grindai and the "Prophesylngs". IV. PURITANISM (1583-16031......................... 82 Archbishop whitgift and his arbitrary policy. Court or High Commission ana its powers. Presbyterian activities on Continent and in Parliament. Cartwright and Browne. Synods and classes. Presbyterian movement subsides alter dereat 01 Armada. Marpreiate Tracts. Hooker's Ecclesiastical Polity deiines new basis for Churcn claims, flhitgirt and the Lambetn Articles. Doctrinal divergences begin to appear. TABLE OF (cont'd. ) Chapter V BRIEF HISTORY OF HEJNRI 5aITH(l^60-lb90) .
    [Show full text]
  • DISSERTATION-Submission Reformatted
    UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title The Dilemma of Obedience: Persecution, Dissimulation, and Memory in Early Modern England, 1553-1603 Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5tv2w736 Author Harkins, Robert Lee Publication Date 2013 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California The Dilemma of Obedience: Persecution, Dissimulation, and Memory in Early Modern England, 1553-1603 By Robert Lee Harkins A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Ethan Shagan, Chair Professor Jonathan Sheehan Professor David Bates Fall 2013 © Robert Lee Harkins 2013 All Rights Reserved 1 Abstract The Dilemma of Obedience: Persecution, Dissimulation, and Memory in Early Modern England, 1553-1603 by Robert Lee Harkins Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Berkeley Professor Ethan Shagan, Chair This study examines the problem of religious and political obedience in early modern England. Drawing upon extensive manuscript research, it focuses on the reign of Mary I (1553-1558), when the official return to Roman Catholicism was accompanied by the prosecution of Protestants for heresy, and the reign of Elizabeth I (1558-1603), when the state religion again shifted to Protestantism. I argue that the cognitive dissonance created by these seesaw changes of official doctrine necessitated a society in which religious mutability became standard operating procedure. For most early modern men and women it was impossible to navigate between the competing and contradictory dictates of Tudor religion and politics without conforming, dissimulating, or changing important points of conscience and belief.
    [Show full text]
  • The Exegetical Methods of Some Sixteenth-Century Roman Catholic
    Andrews University Seminary Studies, Summer 1985, Vol. 23, No. 2, 161-180. Copyright @ 1985 by Andrews University Press. THE EXEGETICAL METHODS OF SOME SIXTEENTH- CENTURY ROMAN CATHOLIC PREACHERS IN ENGLAND: FISHER, PERYN, BONNER, AND WATSON PART I ERWIN R. GANE Angwin, California 94508 In earlier articles, I have explored the exegetical methods of representative Anglican and Puritan preachers and also of late medieval sermons.' This article and a subsequent one will be devoted to the exegetical methods displayed in sermons of four Roman Catholic preachers in England who flourished in the six- teenth century: John Fisher (1469-l535), William Peryn (d. 1558), Edmund Bonner (l5OO?-l569), and Thomas Watson (1518- 1584). A major question is the extent to which the biblical exegesis and other homiletical concerns identify these preachers as being medi- eval or Renaissance oriented. Are they, for example, more akin to the medieval preachers or to the Anglican preachers we have dealt with in the earlier studies? The presentation that follows will of necessity first give an overview of the careers of these four preachers, noting the historical setting in which their preaching took place. Then, attention will be given to their specific exegetical techniques and homiletical concerns. 1. Overview of the Careers of the Preachers John Fisher John Fisher received his first degree at Michaelhouse, Cam- bridge, in 1483 at the age of fourteen, was appointed master in 1497, '"The Exegetical Methods of Some Sixteenth-Century Anglican Preachers: Latimer, Jewel, Hooker, and Andrewes," Parts I and 11, AUSS 17 (1979):23-38, 169- 188; "The Exegetical Methods of Some Sixteenth-Century Puritan Preachers: Hooper, Cartwright, and Perkins," Parts I and 11, AUSS 19 (1981): 21-36, 99-114; "Late-Medieval Sermons in England: An Analysis of Fourteenth- and Fifteenth- Century Preaching." A USS 20 (1982): 179-203.
    [Show full text]
  • Lambeth Palace Library Research Guide Biographical Sources for Archbishops of Canterbury from 1052 to the Present Day
    Lambeth Palace Library Research Guide Biographical Sources for Archbishops of Canterbury from 1052 to the Present Day 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 3 2 Abbreviations Used ....................................................................................................... 4 3 Archbishops of Canterbury 1052- .................................................................................. 5 Stigand (1052-70) .............................................................................................................. 5 Lanfranc (1070-89) ............................................................................................................ 5 Anselm (1093-1109) .......................................................................................................... 5 Ralph d’Escures (1114-22) ................................................................................................ 5 William de Corbeil (1123-36) ............................................................................................. 5 Theobold of Bec (1139-61) ................................................................................................ 5 Thomas Becket (1162-70) ................................................................................................. 6 Richard of Dover (1174-84) ............................................................................................... 6 Baldwin (1184-90) ............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • DISSERTATION-Submission Reformatted
    The Dilemma of Obedience: Persecution, Dissimulation, and Memory in Early Modern England, 1553-1603 By Robert Lee Harkins A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Ethan Shagan, Chair Professor Jonathan Sheehan Professor David Bates Fall 2013 © Robert Lee Harkins 2013 All Rights Reserved 1 Abstract The Dilemma of Obedience: Persecution, Dissimulation, and Memory in Early Modern England, 1553-1603 by Robert Lee Harkins Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Berkeley Professor Ethan Shagan, Chair This study examines the problem of religious and political obedience in early modern England. Drawing upon extensive manuscript research, it focuses on the reign of Mary I (1553-1558), when the official return to Roman Catholicism was accompanied by the prosecution of Protestants for heresy, and the reign of Elizabeth I (1558-1603), when the state religion again shifted to Protestantism. I argue that the cognitive dissonance created by these seesaw changes of official doctrine necessitated a society in which religious mutability became standard operating procedure. For most early modern men and women it was impossible to navigate between the competing and contradictory dictates of Tudor religion and politics without conforming, dissimulating, or changing important points of conscience and belief. Although early modern theologians and polemicists widely declared religious conformists to be shameless apostates, when we examine specific cases in context it becomes apparent that most individuals found ways to positively rationalize and justify their respective actions. This fraught history continued to have long-term effects on England’s religious, political, and intellectual culture.
    [Show full text]
  • Catalogue of Adoption Items Within Worcester Cathedral Adopt a Window
    Catalogue of Adoption Items within Worcester Cathedral Adopt a Window The cloister Windows were created between 1916 and 1999 with various artists producing these wonderful pictures. The decision was made to commission a contemplated series of historical Windows, acting both as a history of the English Church and as personal memorials. By adopting your favourite character, event or landscape as shown in the stained glass, you are helping support Worcester Cathedral in keeping its fabric conserved and open for all to see. A £25 example Examples of the types of small decorative panel, there are 13 within each Window. A £50 example Lindisfarne The Armada A £100 example A £200 example St Wulfstan William Caxton Chaucer William Shakespeare Full Catalogue of Cloister Windows Name Location Price Code 13 small decorative pieces East Walk Window 1 £25 CW1 Angel violinist East Walk Window 1 £50 CW2 Angel organist East Walk Window 1 £50 CW3 Angel harpist East Walk Window 1 £50 CW4 Angel singing East Walk Window 1 £50 CW5 Benedictine monk writing East Walk Window 1 £50 CW6 Benedictine monk preaching East Walk Window 1 £50 CW7 Benedictine monk singing East Walk Window 1 £50 CW8 Benedictine monk East Walk Window 1 £50 CW9 stonemason Angel carrying dates 680-743- East Walk Window 1 £50 CW10 983 Angel carrying dates 1089- East Walk Window 1 £50 CW11 1218 Christ and the Blessed Virgin, East Walk Window 1 £100 CW12 to whom this Cathedral is dedicated St Peter, to whom the first East Walk Window 1 £100 CW13 Cathedral was dedicated St Oswald, bishop 961-992,
    [Show full text]
  • Parte Seconda Bibliotheca Collinsiana, Seu Catalogus Librorum Antonji Collins Armigeri Ordine Alphabetico Digestus
    Parte seconda Bibliotheca Collinsiana, seu Catalogus Librorum Antonji Collins Armigeri ordine alphabetico digestus Avvertenza La biblioteca non è solo il luogo della tua memoria, dove conservi quel che hai letto, ma il luogo della memoria universale, dove un giorno, nel momento fata- le, potrai trovare quello che altri hanno letto prima di te. Umberto Eco, La memoria vegetale e altri scritti di bibliografia, Milano, Rovello, 2006 Si propone qui un’edizione del catalogo manoscritto della collezione libra- ria di Anthony Collins,1 la cui prima compilazione egli completò nel 1720.2 Nei nove anni successivi tuttavia Collins ampliò enormemente la sua biblioteca, sin quasi a raddoppiarne il numero delle opere. Annotò i nuovi titoli sulle pagine pari del suo catalogo che aveva accortamente riservato a successive integrazio- ni. Dispose le nuove inserzioni in corrispondenza degli autori già schedati, attento a preservare il più possibile l’ordine alfabetico. Questo tuttavia è talora impreciso e discontinuo.3 Le inesattezze, che ricorrono più frequentemente fra i titoli di inclusione più tarda, devono imputarsi alla difficoltà crescente di annotare nel giusto ordine le ingenti e continue acquisizioni. Sono altresì rico- noscibili abrasioni e cancellature ed in alcuni casi, forse per esigenze di spazio, oppure per sostituire i titoli espunti, i lemmi della prima stesura sono frammez- zati da titoli pubblicati in date successive al 1720.4 In appendice al catalogo, due liste confuse di titoli, per la più parte anonimi, si svolgono l’una nelle pagi- ne dispari e l’altra in quelle pari del volume.5 Agli anonimi seguono sparsi altri 1 Sono molto grato a Francesca Gallori e Barbara Maria Graf per aver contribuito alla revi- sione della mia trascrizione con dedizione e generosità.
    [Show full text]
  • '[A] Litle Treatyse in Prynte and Euen in the English Tongue': Appeals to The
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 5-2010 ‘[A] litle treatyse in prynte and euen in the english tongue’: Appeals to the Public during the Early Years of the English Reformation Bradley C. Pardue University of Tennessee - Knoxville, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Intellectual History Commons Recommended Citation Pardue, Bradley C., "‘[A] litle treatyse in prynte and euen in the english tongue’: Appeals to the Public during the Early Years of the English Reformation. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2010. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/733 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Bradley C. Pardue entitled "‘[A] litle treatyse in prynte and euen in the english tongue’: Appeals to the Public during the Early Years of the English Reformation." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in History. Robert J Bast, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Thomas Burman, Palmira Brummett, Heather Hirschfeld Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ligon Family and Connections, Volume 2
    The Ligon Family and Connections, Volume 2 Willliam D. Ligon, Jr. New York,NY 1957 .-l!}t' fo1,r mouths. l3orn .·l;,ril :!i, /Si') Cumpikr- :llld vdit"r ui \·.,111111c·., I. ;111d II, ·-T:1,· l.1~,,11 1:;unily 1 1 and Cof1Jll'l'li1JJ1;-;._ F, lllllill'r and I :ht I 1"l':,i,ll'nl I I/ TJi~· Li gun Fa111ily ;u1d 1,i11~llll'11 _\ .... -.11ci;Lti(l11, 11JJ7. l·l1;11n11;111 ;u1d (1rg;llt­ izcr (1l Firs/ Li~(II\ F.-unily RL'u11io11 hl'id i11 l{icl111Jci1\!I, \::i., in 1937. :111d S,.-,,,,d l{nu1iun h"ld in \\·:1,l1i11~t,>11, 11 1 ·.. i11 1939. PREFACE In the compilation of Volume JI, the purpose is the same as before in Voiumc 1, - to preserve for l:-listory's sake ct:rt,•.in Ligon family records of current interest, brought to Jig-ht through intensive research since the publication of the iirst edition on December 18, 1947. The hopes and aspirations emphasized in the conception :rnd fulfillment of Volume I appear more real and pressing- in these days of \Vorld chaos and threats of war: and the true ideals of home, country and peace pro­ claim with startling and amazing clearness that it is good to love one's native soil, and to cherish the traditions which give character to a family; and that nan is master of himself! Of necessity, this Volume must be limited in space, leaving much to the future historian. It is significant in pointing out that of some early Ligon kinsmen, whose family records are herein included, either no present day descendants appear to exist, or none could be discovered with whom to establish immediate communication.
    [Show full text]
  • Archbishop of Canterbury, and One of the Things This Meant Was That Fruit Orchards Would Be Established for the Monasteries
    THE ARCHBISHOPS OF CANTERBURY And yet — in fact you need only draw a single thread at any point you choose out of the fabric of life and the run will make a pathway across the whole, and down that wider pathway each of the other threads will become successively visible, one by one. — Heimito von Doderer, DIE DÂIMONEN “NARRATIVE HISTORY” AMOUNTS TO FABULATION, THE REAL STUFF BEING MERE CHRONOLOGY “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project Archbishops of Canterb HDT WHAT? INDEX ARCHBISHOPS OF CANTERBURY ARCHBISHOPS OF CANTERBURY 597 CE Christianity was established among the Anglo-Saxons in Kent by Augustine (this Roman import to England was of course not the Aurelius Augustinus of Hippo in Africa who had been in the ground already for some seven generations — and therefore he is referred to sometimes as “St. Augustine the Less”), who in this year became the 1st Archbishop of Canterbury, and one of the things this meant was that fruit orchards would be established for the monasteries. Despite repeated Viking attacks many of these survived. The monastery at Ely (Cambridgeshire) would be particularly famous for its orchards and vineyards. DO I HAVE YOUR ATTENTION? GOOD. Archbishops of Canterbury “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project HDT WHAT? INDEX ARCHBISHOPS OF CANTERBURY ARCHBISHOPS OF CANTERBURY 604 CE May 26, 604: Augustine died (this Roman import to England was of course not the Aurelius Augustinus of Hippo in Africa who had been in the ground already for some seven generations — and therefore he is referred to sometimes as “St. Augustine the Less”), and Laurentius succeeded him as Archbishop of Canterbury.
    [Show full text]
  • Foxe's Constantine-FINAL3.Pages
    Constantine in Scriptural Mode: John Foxe’s “Magisterial” Revisions to Acts and Monuments’ Second Edition (1570) by Wesley Miles Goudy A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Wycliffe College and Graduate Centre for Theological Studies of the Toronto School of Theology. In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Theology awarded by Wycliffe College and the University of Toronto. © Copyright by Wesley Miles Goudy 2018 Constantine in Scriptural Mode: John Foxe’s “Godly” Magisterial Revisions to Acts and Monuments Second Edition (1570) Wesley Miles Goudy Doctor of Theology Wycliffe College and the University of Toronto 2018 Abstract This project explores a new vision of the Protestant magistrate as represented in the alterations which John Foxe made to his Ecclesiastical History, in Acts and Monuments’ second edition (1570), a highly influential and controversial work which has been credited with shaping the course of English historiography from the Reformation to the Victorian era. The work has also been read in abridged form under the title Foxe’s Book of Martyrs. Foxe made incremental revisions to the work, which began as a 1554 Latin martyrology and ended in a fourth 1583 revision to this English-language ecclesiastical history, still known by the title Acts and Monuments. Yet relatively little scholarship has been devoted to explicating the nature and motivation for Foxe’s revisions, beyond his effort to provide literary and historical support for the English Reformation in the face of Roman Catholic opposition. The most significant revisions appear between the first and second editions of Acts and ii Monuments (1563, 1570), resulting in a textual expansion of some 500 pages.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction: the Spirituali and Their Goals
    NOT BY FAITH ALONE: VITTORIA COLONNA, MICHELANGELO AND REGINALD POLE AND THE EVANGELICAL MOVEMENT IN SIXTEENTH CENTURY ITALY A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of The School of Continuing Studies and of The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Liberal Studies Christopher Allan Dunn, J.D. Georgetown University Washington, D.C. March 19, 2014 NOT BY FAITH ALONE: VITTORIA COLONNA, MICHELANGELO AND REGINALD POLE AND THE EVANGELICAL MOVEMENT IN SIXTEENTH CENTURY ITALY Christopher Allan Dunn, J.D. MALS Mentor: Michael Collins, Ph.D. ABSTRACT Beginning in the 1530’s, groups of scholars, poets, artists and Catholic Church prelates came together in Italy in a series of salons and group meetings to try to move themselves and the Church toward a concept of faith that was centered on the individual’s personal relationship to God and grounded in the gospels rather than upon Church tradition. The most prominent of these groups was known as the spirituali, or spiritual ones, and it included among its members some of the most renowned and celebrated people of the age. And yet, despite the fame, standing and unrivaled access to power of its members, the group failed utterly to achieve any of its goals. By 1560 all of the spirituali were either dead, in exile, or imprisoned by the Roman Inquisition, and their ideas had been completely repudiated by the Church. The question arises: how could such a “conspiracy of geniuses” have failed so abjectly? To answer the question, this paper examines the careers of three of the spirituali’s most prominent members, Vittoria Colonna, Michelangelo and Reginald Pole.
    [Show full text]