Vincentiana Vol. 43, No. 6 [Full Issue]
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A Salafi-Jihadi Insurgency in Cabo Delgado?
A Salafi-Jihadi Insurgency in Cabo Delgado? EVOLVING DOCTRINE AND MODUS OPERANDI: VIOLENT EXTREMISM IN CABO DELGADO Thomas Heyen-Dubé & Richard Rands THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD Evolving Doctrine and Modus Operandi: Violent Extremism in Cabo Delgado Thomas Heyen-Dubé and Richard Rands Correspondence to: Thomas Heyen. Email [email protected] A violent extremist group poses a significant threat to parts of Cabo Delgado province.1 Since its first major attack in October 2017, it has perpetuated a conflict to the detriment of sections of the population and government, as well as disrupting economic development. Little is known about the group and its various cells, and serious scholarly studies on the topic are scarce. There is a considerable amount of confusion in policymaking and academic circles about the nature of the violent extremists (VE) and their relationship to the wider global Salafi-Jihadi community. By analysing the theological underpinnings of VE and their action in Cabo Delgado (CD), we bring clarity to this debate to enable international actors and policymakers in Mozambique navigate the complexities of the situation. From this analysis we conclude the following: • VE are not Salafi-Jihadis as they do not share their ideological and theological understanding of the world. VE do not subscribe to the notions of tawhid, hakkymiya, jihad, al-wala wa-l-bara, and takfir, all key criteria that are consistently found within the Salafi-Jihadi nebula. 1 For this study, the term violent extremism is used, which defines the actions of the group not their beliefs and ideologies (e.g. -
Islam in Northern Mozambique: a Historical Overview Liazzat Bonate* University of Cape Town
History Compass 8/7 (2010): 573–593, 10.1111/j.1478-0542.2010.00701.x Islam in Northern Mozambique: A Historical Overview Liazzat Bonate* University of Cape Town Abstract This article is a historical overview of two issues: first, that of the dynamics of Islamic religious transformations from pre-Portuguese era up until the 2000s among Muslims of the contemporary Cabo Delgado, Nampula, and to a certain extent, Niassa provinces. The article argues that histori- cal and geographical proximity of these regions to East African coast, the Comoros and northern Madagascar meant that all these regions shared a common Islamic religious tradition. Accordingly, shifts with regard to religious discourses and practices went in parallel. This situation began chang- ing in the last decade of the colonial era and has continued well into the 2000s, when the so-called Wahhabis, Sunni Muslims educated in the Islamic universities of the Arab world brought religious outlook that differed significantly from the historical local and regional conceptions of Islam. The second question addressed in this article is about relationships between northern Mozambican Muslims and the state. The article argues that after initial confrontations with Muslims in the sixteenth century and up until the last decade of the colonial era, the Portuguese rule pursued no concerted effort in interfering in the internal Muslim religious affairs. Besides, although they occupied and destroyed some of the Swahili settlements, in particular in southern and central Mozambique, other Swahili continued to thrive in northern Mozambique and main- tained certain independence from the Portuguese up until the twentieth century. Islam there remained under the control of the ruling Shirazi clans with close political, economic, kinship and religious ties to the Swahili world. -
General Curia
VINCENTIANA 6-2005 - FRANCESE November 23, 2005 − 1ª BOZZA .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ENERAL..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................URIA.............................................. ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... -
Kaarsholm JEAS Paper Revised Final
Roskilde University Islam, secularist government, and state-civil society interaction in Mozambique and South Africa since 1994 Kaarsholm, Preben Published in: Journal of Eastern African Studies DOI: 10.1080/17531055.2015.1082255 Publication date: 2015 Document Version Peer reviewed version Citation for published version (APA): Kaarsholm, P. (2015). Islam, secularist government, and state-civil society interaction in Mozambique and South Africa since 1994. Journal of Eastern African Studies, 9(3), 468-487. https://doi.org/10.1080/17531055.2015.1082255 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain. • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 05. Oct. 2021 Islam, secularist government, and state-civil society interaction in Mozambique and South Africa since 1994 Preben Kaarsholm∗ Department of Society and Globalisation, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark This article explores state-civil society interactions in Mozambique and South Africa with a focus on Islamic groupings, and places the two countries within an Indian Ocean coastal continuum of links to East Africa, India, and the Arab world. -
Models for Our Vincentian Vocation: Causes in Process
Vincentiana Volume 48 Number 4 Vol. 48, No. 4-5 Article 17 7-2004 Models for Our Vincentian Vocation: Causes in Process Roberto D'Amico Follow this and additional works at: https://via.library.depaul.edu/vincentiana Part of the Catholic Studies Commons, Comparative Methodologies and Theories Commons, History of Christianity Commons, Liturgy and Worship Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation D'Amico, Roberto (2004) "Models for Our Vincentian Vocation: Causes in Process," Vincentiana: Vol. 48 : No. 4 , Article 17. Available at: https://via.library.depaul.edu/vincentiana/vol48/iss4/17 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Vincentian Journals and Publications at Via Sapientiae. It has been accepted for inclusion in Vincentiana by an authorized editor of Via Sapientiae. For more information, please contact [email protected]. VINCENTIANA 4/5-2004 - INGLESE July 14, 2003 − 2a BOZZA Vincentiana, July-October 2004 Models for Our Vincentian Vocation: Causes in Process by Roberto D’Amico Postulator General 9.VII.2004 Introduction A great 20th-century philosopher, Henry Bergson, has noted that “the greatest persons in history are not the conquerors but rather the saints.” In more recent times, Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger has rightly stated that “it is not the occasional majorities that are formed here and there within the Church who give direction to the Church and to our lives. The saints are the real, determined majority who give direction to our lives. We stick to them! They translate the divine into human form, the eternal into concrete time.” In a changing world, not only do the saints not remain outside it historically or culturally but they are becoming ever more credible subjects of it. -
Northern Mozambique at a Crossroads Scenarios for Violence in the Resource-Rich Cabo Delgado Province
OCTOBER 2019 Northern Mozambique at a Crossroads Scenarios for Violence in the Resource-rich Cabo Delgado Province PROJECT DIRECTOR Judd Devermont AUTHOR Emilia Columbo A Report of the CSIS AFRICA PROGRAM OCTOBER 2019 Northern Mozambique at a Crossroads Scenarios for Violence in the Resource-rich Cabo Delgado Province PROJECT DIRECTOR Judd Devermont AUTHOR Emilia Columbo A Report of the CSIS Africa Program About CSIS Established in Washington, D.C., over 50 years ago, the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) is a bipartisan, nonprofit policy research organization dedicated to providing strategic in sights and policy solutions to help decisionmakers chart a course toward a better world. In late 2015, Thomas J. Pritzker was named chairman of the CSIS Board of Trustees. Mr. Pritzker succeeded former U.S. senator Sam Nunn (D-GA), who chaired the CSIS Board of Trustees from 1999 to 2015. CSIS is led by John J. Hamre, who has served as president and chief executive officer since 2000. Founded in 1962 by David M. Abshire and Admiral Arleigh Burke, CSIS is one of the world’s preeminent international policy in stitutions focused on defense and security; regional study; and transnational challenges ranging from energy and trade to global development and economic integration. For eight consecutive years, CSIS has been named the world’s number one think tank for defense and national security by the University of Pennsylvania’s “Go To Think Tank Index.” The Center’s over 220 full-time staff and large network of affiliated scholars conduct research and analysis and develop policy initiatives that look to the future and anticipate change. -
An Ethnographic Study of Educational Ambivalence Within Coastal Habitus in Northern Mozambique
Schooling at the edge of the world: An ethnographic study of educational ambivalence within coastal habitus in northern Mozambique PRZEMYSLAW ANTONI WÓJCIK Submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of East Anglia School of International Development January 2014 The copy of this thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with the author and that use of any information derived there from must be in accordance with current UK Copyright Law. In addition, any quotation or extract must include full attribution. 1 Abstract Coastal fishing communities in northern Mozambique have distinctive history, politics and livelihoods that make them physically and socially peripheral. This is evident in relation to lack of the access and ownership of natural resources, social opportunities such as education, access to information and decision making means and the influence of cultural-hereditary characteristics of coastal society. The thesis examines learning in Lunga, the key institutions, their roles and importance. Drawing on Mamdani’s concept of bifurcated state, it outlines the historical background of the formal education system that is a necessary frame for understanding many specific problems of education in contemporary Mozambique. In this setting, the thesis reflects on formal, traditional and Islamic education and their different forms of valorisation in the past and present. The study examines the coastal habitus – the problems of life on the periphery, and the social, political and physical distance. From there, it probes deeper into the relations between competing institutions promoting certain distinctive aspects of coastal life, describing production of the local and the global (national). -
TM May 18 2019 Issue
THE JAMESTOWN FOUNDATION MAY 18, 2019 VOLUME XVII, ISSUE 10 p.1 p.3 p.5 p.7 Brian M. Perkins Farhan Zahid Brian Perkins Animesh Roul BRIEFS TTP’s Future Under Evaluating the Expan- Al-Qaeda and Islamic the Leadership of New sion of Global Jihadist State Reinvigorating Emir Noor Wali Movements in East Turkistan Jihad Mehsud Mozambique BURKINA FASO: RECENT ATTACKS saw the entry of a group of Islamic State West Africa POINT TO SPREAD OF TERRORISM IN Province fighters in March. Further, IS leader Abu Bakr BURKINA FASO AND THE REGION al-Baghdadi accepted pledges of allegiance from fight- ers in Burkina Faso on April 29 during his first video ap- Brian M. Perkins pearance in nearly five years (Jihadology, April 29). The arrival of new IS cells in Burkina Faso has also coincided On May 16, Burkina Faso’s Foreign Minister called for with an increase in attacks across the country, including the creation of a new counterterrorism coalition in the those targeting Westerners and local Christians. Sahel amid an escalation of terrorist activity throughout the region and the ongoing deterioration of security in The country has witnessed two significant attacks Burkina Faso. The Sahel G5 force—comprised of per- against Christians in recent weeks. The first attack oc- sonnel from Mali, Burkina Faso, Chad, Mauritania, and curred on May 12 when gunmen attacked a Church in Niger—is already present in the region, as are French Dablo in central Burkina Faso, killing at least six people, forces operating under Operation Barkhane. However, and the second took place a day later and targeted a despite the presence of these forces, the number of ter- Catholic parade in the Zimtenga area of Kongoussi, rorist attacks in Burkina Faso has steadily risen and ex- killing four people (Africa News, May 12). -
Ambivalent Islam: the Identity Construction of Muslims Under Portuguese
This is the first version of an article whose final and definitive form has been published in the journal Social Identities ©, January 2012 [copyright Taylor & Francis]; Social Identities is available online at: www.tandfonline.com with an open URL of my article in the following address: http://www.tandfonline.com/openurl?genre=article&issn=13504630&volume=18&issue=1&spage=39 Ambivalent Islam: The Identity Construction of Muslims under Portuguese Colonial Rule Mário Machaqueiro ∗ CRIA-Centre for Research in Anthropology, FCSH-New University of Lisbon, Portugal This article wishes to contribute to the study of the historical processes that have been spotting Muslim populations as favourite targets for political analysis and governance. Focusing on the Portuguese archives, civil as well as military, the article tries to uncover the most conspicuous identity representations (mainly negative or ambivalent) that members of Portuguese colonial apparatus built around Muslim communities living in African colonies, particularly in Guinea-Bissau and Mozambique. The paper shows how these culturally and politically constructed images were related to the more general strategies by which Portuguese imagined their own national identity, both as ‘European’ and as ‘coloniser’ or ‘imperial people’. The basic assumption of this article is that policies enforced in a context of inter-ethnic and religious competition are better understood when linked to the identity strategies inherent to them. These are conceived as strategic constructions aimed at the preservation, the protection and the imaginary expansion of the subject, who looks for groups to be included in and out-groups to reject, exclude, aggress or eliminate. We think that most of the inter-ethnic relationships and conflicts, as well as the very experience of ethnicity, are born from this identity matrix. -
Building Communities? Paternalistic Bonds and Religious Spaces
Building Communities? Paternalistic Bonds and Religious Spaces The comparative ethnography of entangled neighbourhoods has revealed that in the localised realm of neighbourhood boundary politics there are strong aspirations by urban elites to reinforce urban differences by defending old and imposing new forms of segregation. Although the visions upheld by municipalities tend towards mixed neighbourhoods, it is as yet unclear whether these will materialise. Elite neighbour- hoods hence tend to be emptied of encounters with ‘others’, and if they do take place it is within the hierarchical and socially invisibilised work relations between employ- ers and their domestic workers or security employees. What the chapters spoke little about is the venturing of the elite into the poor areas; mainly because it is quite rare. Only sometimes do employers visit their domestic workers in the township; they may go to express condolences to a distant relative in the bairro or they may make use of a cheap service offered by an informal business. In cities of entanglements, it is rather groups at the lower end of the social hierarchy that cross social boundaries into spaces dominated by those at the upper end of the social hierarchy, rather than the other way around. The same holds true in the following two chapters. Chapters 5 and 6 will focus on two sets of urban spaces which entail the promise of something new; a promise of more equal spaces, of symmetrical relations and of the emergence of sociality and community across boundaries. On the one hand, this is the urban realm of religion, where, as the scriptures say, everyone should be the same in front of God, and it is the spaces of the shopping malls, where, apparently, it does not matter where you come from, as long as you know how to ‘mall’. -
History, Memory and Violence: Changing Patterns of Group Relationship in Mocímboa Da Praia, Mozambique
History, memory and violence: changing patterns of group relationship in Mocímboa da Praia, Mozambique Thesis presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Social Anthropology Ana Margarida Sousa Santos St Antony's College University of Oxford Trinity Term 2010 Abstract My D.Phil. thesis addresses the historical construction of difference in northern Mozambique and its relation to conflict, especially an upsurge of violence in 2005. I look specifically at the relationship between Makonde and Mwani inhabiting a coastal district in the north of Mozambique and the ways in which modes of livelihood, religion, pre-colonial history, experience of colonial rule and post- independence policies, and political affiliation play a part in the construction of identities of these two groups. I look at how a shared but differently understood history and differing memories of the past become part of local discourses of identity and difference. I investigate how history and memory, place and space, and the surrounding landscape are reflected in concepts of identity especially with respect to tension and conflict. The Makonde traditionally inhabit the Mueda plateau in a remote area in the north of Mozambique. They have been associated in colonial literature with ideas of violence, fierceness and independence. They were very active during the liberation struggle in Mozambique, but their influence in the country diminished after independence. Less is known about the Mwani. They are closely associated with the Swahili complex, and had links with the Portuguese during the colonial period, loosing power and influence during the post-independence period. The Makonde and Mwani had different experiences of historical events and diverse roles in defining moments of Mozambican history such as the liberation struggle (1964-1974). -
Lightning Strikes St Peter's Basilica As Pope Resigns 2013 HQ [Video]
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