Kürdistan Teâlî Cemiyeti: Kuruluş, Amaç Ve Faaliyetler

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Kürdistan Teâlî Cemiyeti: Kuruluş, Amaç Ve Faaliyetler T.C. MARDİN ARTUKLU ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ TARİH ANABİLİM DALI Doktora Tezi KÜRDİSTAN TEÂLÎ CEMİYETİ: KURULUŞ, AMAÇ VE FAALİYETLER Bilal Altan Tez Danışmanı Doç. Dr. Mehmet Akbaş Mardin 2017 T.C. MARDİN ARTUKLU ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ TARİH ANABİLİM DALI Doktora Tezi KÜRDİSTAN TEÂLÎ CEMİYETİ: KURULUŞ, AMAÇ VE FAALİYETLER Bilal Altan Tez Danışmanı Doç. Dr. Mehmet Akbaş İkinci Danışman Yrd. Doç. Dr. Ercan Çağlayan Mardin 2017 İÇİNDEKİLER Sayfa ÖN SÖZ .................................................................................................. vii ÖZET ..................................................................................................... viii ABSTRACT ............................................................................................. x KISALTMALAR LİSTESİ .................................................................. xii GİRİŞ........................................................................................................ 1 1. Araştırmanın Problem Durumu-Bilimsel Sorun .................................................. 1 2. Araştırmanın Amacı ........................................................................................... 17 3. Araştırmanın Önemi ........................................................................................... 17 4. Araştırmanın Yöntemi ........................................................................................ 18 5. Araştırmanın Sınırlılıkları .................................................................................. 20 6. Konu İle İlgili Kaynaklar ................................................................................... 20 7.Tezin Bölümleri .................................................................................................. 23 1. OSMANLI YIKILIRKEN KÜRTLER ................................................. 25 1.1. Tanzimat ve Kürtler ....................................................................................... 27 1.2. II. Abdülhamîd ve Kürtler .............................................................................. 31 1.3. İttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti ve Kürtler ........................................................... 38 1.4. Birinci Dünya Savaşı ve Kürtler .................................................................... 42 1.5. İlk Dönem Kürt Örgütsel Yapılanmaları ve Milliyetçi Karakter ................... 46 2. KÜRDİSTAN TEÂLÎ CEMİYETİ’NİN KURULUŞU VE AMACI .................................................................................................................................... 55 2.1. Cemiyetin Kuruluşu ....................................................................................... 55 2.2. Cemiyetin İsmi ve Merkezi ........................................................................... 60 2.3. Cemiyetin Üye Yapısı .................................................................................... 63 2.3.1. Bedirhaniler ................................................................................................. 66 iii 2.3.2. Şemdinanlar................................................................................................. 67 2.3.3. Babanlar ...................................................................................................... 68 2.3.4. Cemilpaşazâdeler ........................................................................................ 69 2.3.5. Diğer Kesimler ............................................................................................ 69 2.3.6. Üye Sayısı ................................................................................................... 70 2.4. Cemiyetin Nizamnamesi ................................................................................ 71 2.5. Cemiyetin Amacı ........................................................................................... 73 2.6. Cemiyetin Şubeleri ......................................................................................... 79 2.6.1. Diyarbekir Şubesi ........................................................................................ 80 2.6.2. Arapkir [Malatya] Şubesi ............................................................................ 86 2.6.3. Harput [Ma’mûret-ül-azîz] Şubesi .............................................................. 87 2.6.4. Dersim Şubesi ............................................................................................. 88 2.6.5. Siirt Şubesi .................................................................................................. 89 2.6.6. Diğer Şubeler .............................................................................................. 90 2.7. Cemiyete Bağlı Kuruluşlar ............................................................................. 92 2.7.1. Kürd Kadınları Teâlî Cemiyeti.................................................................... 92 2.7.2. Kürd Talebe Hevi Cemiyeti ........................................................................ 95 2.7.3. Kürd Tamîm-i Maârif ve Neşriyyât Cemiyeti ............................................. 96 2.7.4. Kürd Millet Fırkası ...................................................................................... 97 3. KÜRDİSTAN TEALİ CEMİYETİ’NİN FAALİYETLERİ ............ 99 3.1. Cemiyetin Siyasi Faaliyetleri ......................................................................... 99 3.1.1. Dayanak Bağlamında Wilson Prensipleri .................................................. 99 3.1.2. Barış Konferansı Görüşmeleri, Temsiliyet Sorunu ve Tepkiler................ 104 3.1.3. Cemiyetin İç Temasları ............................................................................. 117 3.1.3.1. Osmanlı Hükümetleri İle İlişkiler .......................................................... 117 3.1.3.2. Hürriyet ve İtilâf Fırkası İle İlişkiler ...................................................... 135 iv 3.1.3.3. Vilâyât-ı Şarkıyye Müdâfaa-i Hukuk Cemiyeti İle İlişkiler ................. 137 3.1.3.4. Mustafa Kemal ve Anadolu Hareketi İle İlişkiler ................................. 139 3.1.3.5. İngiliz Muhibleri Cemiyeti İle İlişkiler .................................................. 146 3.1.4. Kürdistan Teâlî Cemiyeti Şubelerinin Siyasi Faaliyetleri ......................... 147 3.1.5. Cemiyetin Dış Temasları .......................................................................... 163 3.1.5.1. İngiltere İle İlişkiler................................................................................ 164 3.1.5.2. ABD İle İlişkiler ..................................................................................... 173 3.1.5.3. Rusya İle İlişkiler ................................................................................... 176 3.1.5.4. Fransa İle İlişkiler .................................................................................. 179 3.1.5.5. Yunanistan İle İlişkiler ........................................................................... 181 3.1.5.6. Diğer İlişkiler ......................................................................................... 185 3.2. Cemiyetin Kültürel ve Sosyal Faaliyetleri ................................................... 191 3.2.1. Kültürel Faaliyetler .................................................................................. 191 3.2.2. Sosyal Faaliyetler ...................................................................................... 196 3.2.3. Tarih, Köken ve Coğrafi Sınırlar Üzerine Görüşler .................................. 199 3.2.3.1. Tarih ve Köken ....................................................................................... 199 3.2.3.2. Coğrafi Sınırlar ...................................................................................... 205 3.2.3.3. Diğer Çalışmalar .................................................................................... 207 4. KÜRDİSTAN TEALİ CEMİYETİ’NİN KAPATILMASI VE KÜRT MİLLİYETÇİLİĞİNİ KİTLESELLEŞTİRMEDEKİ BAŞARISIZLIĞI ............................................................................................. 210 4.1. Cemiyetin Kapatılması ................................................................................. 210 4.2. Kürdistan Teâlî Cemiyeti’nin Kürt Milliyetçiğini Kitleselleştirmedeki Başarısızlığı .............................................................................................................. 214 4.2.1. Örgütlenme Geleneğinden Yoksunluk ...................................................... 214 4.2.2. Görüş Farklılıkları ve İç Çekişmeler ......................................................... 218 4.2.3. Halkın Tutumu ve Halkla İlişkiler ............................................................ 228 v 4.2.4. Osmanlı Devleti’nin Tutumu .................................................................... 240 4.2.5. Anadolu Hareketi’nin Tutumu .................................................................. 249 SONUÇ ................................................................................................. 262 KAYNAKÇA ....................................................................................... 269 EKLER ................................................................................................. 303 ÖZGEÇMİŞ ......................................................................................... 352 İNTİHAL RAPORU ........................................................................... 353 vi ÖN SÖZ Avrupa’da ortaya çıkıp gelişen ve Osmanlı Devleti’ni çok uluslu yapısından dolayı sarsan milliyetçilik akımından
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