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FIGURE DETAILS 2a habitus Tabanus americanus (Tabanidae); 38 wing Sylvicola fenestralis (Anisopodidae); McAlpine 1981a Peterson 1981 2b habitus Brachystoma vesiculosum 39 wing Mochlonyx velutinus (Chaoboridae); Saether (Brachystomatidae), male; Niesiolowski 1992 2002 3 habitus brachycerous fly; Lane & Crosskey 1993 40 wing Ptychoptera lacustris (Ptychopteridae); Peus 4 head calyptrate fly; Lane & Crosskey 1993 1958 5 head calyptrate fly; Lane & Crosskey 1993 41 haltere Ptychoptera contaminata (Ptychopteridae); 6a antenna Aedes alternans (Culicidae), female; Oosterbroek 1981 Colless & McAlpine 1991 42 habitus Tinearia alternata (Psychodidae); Wagner 6b antenna Tabanidae; Merz & Haenni 2000 (draw- 1997a (drawing by A. Szappanos) ing by B. Merz) 42a wing Trichomyia urbica (Psychodidae); Wagner 6c antenna calyptrate fly; Lane & Crosskey 1993 1997a 7 head calyptrate fly; Lane & Crosskey 1993 43 habitus Dixa maculata (Dixidae), female; Wagner 8 head calyptrate fly; Colless & McAlpine 1991 1997e (drawing by A. Szappanos) 9 head Paracantha gentilis (Tephritidae); Hennig 1973 44 antenna Dixella nova (Dixidae); Peters 1981 10 head Anorostoma currani (Heleomyzidae); 45 habitus Aedes vexans (Culicidae), female; Miná˘r Hennig 1973 2000a (drawing by A. Szappanos) 11 thorax Tachinidae; Colless & McAlpine 1991 46 head Chaoborus plumicornis (Chaoboridae), 12 thorax Calliphoridae; Lane & Crosskey 1993 male; Oldroyd 1964 13 hypothetical ground plan of the Diptera wing; 47 wing Thaumalea tricuspis (Thaumaleidae); Tjeder Lane & Crosskey 1993 1949 14 wing Calliphora vicina (Calliphoridae); Lane & 48 head Thaumalea brevidens (Thaumaleidae); Crosskey 1993 Wagner 2002 15 elements of the Diptera leg; Oosterbroek 1981 49 habitus Cecidomyia pini (Cecidomyiidae), male; 16 bristle (macrotrichium) with socket (alveolus); Skuhravá 1997 (drawing by M. Skuhravá) Merz & Haenni 2000 (drawing by B. Merz) 50 wing Greniera spec. (Simuliidae); Peterson 1981 17 antenna Aedes alternans (Culicidae), female; 51 head Twinnia spec. (Simuliidae); Peterson 1981 Colless & McAlpine 1991 52 wing Chironomidae; Oosterbroek 1998 18 antenna Aedes alternans (Culicidae), male; Colless 53 wing Culicoides antennalis (Ceratopogonidae); & McAlpine 1991 Colless & McAlpine 1991 19 antenna Dictenidia bimaculata (Tipulidae), male; 54 wing Liponeura bilobata (Blephariceridae); Mannheims 1951 Hennig 1973 20 antenna Tabanidae; Merz & Haenni 2000 (draw- 55 head Blepharicera tetrophthalma ing by B. Merz) (Blephariceridae), female; Hennig 1973 21 head calyptrate fly; Lane & Crosskey 1993 56 wing Protaxymyia melanoptera (Axymyiidae); 22 head Tipula trivittata (Tipulidae); McAlpine 1981a Krivosheina 2000 (drawing by N.P. Krivosheina) 23 habitus Tipula luna (Tipulidae); Lindner 1948 57 wing Groveriella carpathica (Cecidomyiidae); 24 wing Mycetobia pallipes (Mycetobiidae); Skuhravá 1997 (drawing by M. Skuhravá) Krivosheina 1997d (drawing by N.P. Krivosheina) 58 head Swammerdamella acuta (Scatopsidae); 25 thorax Tipulidae; Hendel 1928 Haenni 1997a (drawing by A. Szappanos) 26 thorax Cylindrotoma distinctissima 59 habitus Scatopse notata (Scatopsidae), male; (Cylindrotomidae); Peus 1952 Colless & McAlpine 1991 27 wing Trichocera saltator (Trichoceridae); Dahl & 60 wing Synneuron decipiens (Synneuridae); Krzeminska 1997 Peterson & Cook 1981 28 wing Diazosma tibeticum (Trichoceridae); Dahl 61 wing Hyperoscelis eximia (Canthyloscelidae); 1957 Haenni 1997b (drawing by S. Podenas) 29 head Prionocera turcica (Tipulidae); Tjeder 1948 62 hind leg Hyperoscelis eximia (Canthyloscelidae); 30 wing Tricyphona protea (Pediciidae); Alexander & Haenni 1997b (drawing by S. Podenas) Byers 1981 63 habitus Bibio marci (Bibionidae), male; Skartveit 31 habitus Elephantomyia edwardsi (Limoniidae); 1997 (drawing by A. Szappanos) Tjeder 1953 64 tibia fore leg Dilophus femoratus (Bibionidae); 32 wing Elliptera tennessa (Limoniidae); Alexander & Zilahi-Sebess 1960 Byers 1981 65 head Hesperinus brevifrons (Hesperinidae), male; 33 wing Tipula tricolor (Tipulidae); Alexander & Hardy 1981 Byers 1981 66 wing Hesperinus brevifrons (Hesperinidae), male; 34 habitus Cylindrotoma distinctissima Hardy 1981 (Cylindrotomidae); Lindner 1948 67 wing Plecia americana (Pleciidae), male; Hardy 35 wing Phalacrocera replicata (Cylindrotomidae); 1981 Alexander & Byers 1981 68 habitus Penthetria funebris (Pleciidae), male; 36 hypopygium Triogma trisulcata Séguy 1940 (Cylindrotomidae); Peus 1952 69 head Pnyxia scabiei (Sciaridae); Steffan 1981 37 ovipositor Triogma trisulcata (Cylindrotomidae); 70 wing Pnyxia scabiei (Sciaridae); Menzel & Mohrig Peus 1952 1997 (drawing by F. Menzel) 194 71 wing Pachyneura fasciata (Pachyneuridae); 105 wing Ibisia marginata (Athericidae); Thomas Krivosheina 1997a (drawing by N.P. Krivosheina) 1997 72 wing Mycetobia pallipes (Mycetobiidae); 106 antenna Atherix marginata (Athericidae); Verrall Krivosheina 1997d (drawing by N.P. Krivosheina) 1909 73 head Sciara spec. (Sciaridae); Colless & McAlpine 107 wing Fallenia fasciata (Nemestrinidae); Richter 1991 1997a (drawing by V.A. Richter) 74 wing Zygoneura sciarina (Sciaridae); Menzel & 108 habitus Nemestrinus obscuripennis Mohrig 1997 (drawing by F. Menzel) (Nemestrinidae), female; Richter 1997a (drawing 75 habitus Mycetophila propria (Mycetophilidae), by Florinskaya) female; Colless & McAlpine 1991 109 wing Trichopsidea costata (Nemestrinidae), 76 wing Ditomyia fasciata (Ditomyiidae); Hendel female; Sack 1933 1928 110a-d antenna: a: Heptatoma pellucens; b: 77 wing Keroplatus spec. (Keroplatidae); Hendel 1928 Haematopota pluvialis; c: H. italica; d: Tabanus 78 habitus Keroplatus tipuloides (Keroplatidae), autumnalis (Tabanidae); Séguy 1926 male; Séguy 1940 111 habitus Tabanus autumnalis (Tabanidae), female; 79 wing Macrocera spec. (Keroplatidae); Hendel 1928 Oldroyd 1970 80 habitus Macrocera centralis (Keroplatidae), 112 habitus Xylophagus ater (Xylophagidae), female; female; Séguy 1940 Séguy 1926 81 wing Bolitophila spec (Bolitophilidae); Hendel 112a antenna Xylophagus ater (Xylophagidae), male; 1928 Séguy 1926 82 wing Diadocidia spec. (Diadocidiidae); Hendel 113 habitus Vermileo degeeri (Vermileonidae), male; 1928 Séguy 1926 83 wing Sciarosoma borealis (Sciaroidea); Chandler 114 habitus Lampromyia cylindrica (Vermileonidae), 2002 male; Séguy 1926 84 wing Sylvicola fenestralis (Anisopodidae); 115 habitus Xylomya maculata (Xylomyidae), female; Peterson 1981 Lindner 1938 85 head Rachicerus obscuripennis (Rachiceridae), 116 habitus Oxycera rara (Stratiomyidae), female; female; James 1981 Séguy 1950 86 habitus Xylomya maculata (Xylomyidae), female; 117 habitus Coenomyia ferruginea (Coenomyiidae), Lindner 1938 male; Rozko˘sn´y & Nagatomi 1997a (drawing by J. 87 wing Vermitigris orientalis (Vermileonidae); Pál) Edwards 1932 117a spined scutellum Coenomyia ferruginea 88 habitus Beris clavipes (Stratiomyidae), female; (Coenomyiidae), male; Oosterbroek 1981 Rozko˘sn´y 1973 118 habitus Rhagio scolopaceus (Rhagionidae), 89 habitus Coenomyia ferruginea (Coenomyiidae), female; Verrall 1909 male; Rozko˘sn´y & Nagatomi 1997a (drawing by J. 119 habitus Chrysopilus splendidus (Rhagionidae), F Pál) male; Séguy 1926 89a spined scutellum Coenomyia ferruginea 120 wing Hispanomydas hispicus (Mydidae); Sack (Coenomyiidae), male; Oosterbroek 1981 1933 90 habitus Xylophagus ater (Xylophagidae), female; 121 head Leptomydas padischach (Mydidae), male; Séguy 1926 Richter 1997b (drawing by V.A. Richter) 91 head calyptrate fly; Séguy 1923 122 wing Hilarimorpha ditissa (Hilarimorphidae); 92 head Haematopota bigoti (Tabanidae), female; Webb 1981b Séguy 1926 123 head Dioctria engeli (Asilidae), male; Goot 1985 93 head Stichopogon trifasciatus (Asilidae), female; 124 head Proagonistes athletes (Asilidae); Oldroyd Wood 1981b 1964 94 head Arthroceras leptis (Rhagionidae), female; 125 head Scenopinus fenestralis (Scenopinidae), James & Turner 1981 female; Kelsey 1981 95 head Atherix variegata (Athericidae), female; 126 habitus Scenopinus fenestralis (Scenopinidae), Webb 1981a female; Tóth 1977 96 head Platypalpus infectus (Hybotidae); Collin 127 habitus Thereva nobilitata (Therevidae), female; 1961 Goot 1985 97 head Hercostomus nobilitatus (Dolichopodidae); 128 habitus Bombylella atra (Bombyliidae), male; Oldroyd 1970 Tóth 1977 98 habitus Ogcodes gibbosus (Acroceridae), male; 129 wing Amphicosmus elegans (Bombyliidae); Hall Sack 1936 1981 99 habitus Cyrtus pusillus (Acroceridae), female; 130 habitus Apolysis andalusiaca (Bombyliidae), Séguy 1926 female; Engel 1932 100 wing Thereva nobilitata (Therevidae), female; 131 habitus Brachystoma vesiculosum Goot 1985 (Brachystomatidae), male; Niesiolowski 1992 101 wing Empidideicus hungaricus 132 wing Scenopinus unifasciatus (Scenopinidae); (Mythicomyiidae); Greathead & Evenhuis 1997 Engel 1932 (drawing by L. Papp) 133 habitus Chelifera diversicauda (Empididae), male; 102 wing Oestrus ovis (Oestridae); Miná˘r 1980 Niesiolowski 1992 103 fifth tarsal segment Inopus rubriceps 134 habitus Clinocera dimidiata (Empididae), male; (Stratiomyidae); Colless & McAlpine 1991 Niesiolowski 1992 104 fifth tarsal segment Musca domestica (Muscidae); 135 habitus Episyrphus balteatus (Syrphidae), male; Colless & McAlpine 1991 Thompson & Rotheray 1998 (drawing by J. Pál) 195.
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    Zootaxa 4402 (1): 053–090 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2018 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4402.1.3 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C2FAF702-664B-4E21-B4AE-404F85210A12 Remarkable fly (Diptera) diversity in a patch of Costa Rican cloud forest: Why inventory is a vital science ART BORKENT1, BRIAN V. BROWN2, PETER H. ADLER3, DALTON DE SOUZA AMORIM4, KEVIN BARBER5, DANIEL BICKEL6, STEPHANIE BOUCHER7, SCOTT E. BROOKS8, JOHN BURGER9, Z.L. BURINGTON10, RENATO S. CAPELLARI11, DANIEL N.R. COSTA12, JEFFREY M. CUMMING8, GREG CURLER13, CARL W. DICK14, J.H. EPLER15, ERIC FISHER16, STEPHEN D. GAIMARI17, JON GELHAUS18, DAVID A. GRIMALDI19, JOHN HASH20, MARTIN HAUSER17, HEIKKI HIPPA21, SERGIO IBÁÑEZ- BERNAL22, MATHIAS JASCHHOF23, ELENA P. KAMENEVA24, PETER H. KERR17, VALERY KORNEYEV24, CHESLAVO A. KORYTKOWSKI†, GIAR-ANN KUNG2, GUNNAR MIKALSEN KVIFTE25, OWEN LONSDALE26, STEPHEN A. MARSHALL27, WAYNE N. MATHIS28, VERNER MICHELSEN29, STEFAN NAGLIS30, ALLEN L. NORRBOM31, STEVEN PAIERO27, THOMAS PAPE32, ALESSANDRE PEREIRA- COLAVITE33, MARC POLLET34, SABRINA ROCHEFORT7, ALESSANDRA RUNG17, JUSTIN B. RUNYON35, JADE SAVAGE36, VERA C. SILVA37, BRADLEY J. SINCLAIR38, JEFFREY H. SKEVINGTON8, JOHN O. STIREMAN III10, JOHN SWANN39, PEKKA VILKAMAA40, TERRY WHEELER††, TERRY WHITWORTH41, MARIA WONG2, D. MONTY WOOD8, NORMAN WOODLEY42, TIFFANY YAU27, THOMAS J. ZAVORTINK43 & MANUEL A. ZUMBADO44 †—deceased. Formerly with the Universidad de Panama ††—deceased. Formerly at McGill University, Canada 1. Research Associate, Royal British Columbia Museum and the American Museum of Natural History, 691-8th Ave. SE, Salmon Arm, BC, V1E 2C2, Canada. Email: [email protected] 2.
  • 6. Bremsen Als Parasiten Und Vektoren

    6. Bremsen Als Parasiten Und Vektoren

    DIPLOMARBEIT / DIPLOMA THESIS Titel der Diplomarbeit / Title of the Diploma Thesis „Blutsaugende Bremsen in Österreich und ihre medizini- sche Relevanz“ verfasst von / submitted by Manuel Vogler angestrebter akademischer Grad / in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Magister der Naturwissenschaften (Mag.rer.nat.) Wien, 2019 / Vienna, 2019 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt / A 190 445 423 degree programme code as it appears on the student record sheet: Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt / Lehramtsstudium UF Biologie und Umweltkunde degree programme as it appears on UF Chemie the student record sheet: Betreut von / Supervisor: ao. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Andreas Hassl Danksagung Hiermit möchte ich mich sehr herzlich bei Herrn ao. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Andreas Hassl für die Vergabe und Betreuung dieser Diplomarbeit bedanken. Seine Unterstützung und zahlreichen konstruktiven Anmerkungen waren mir eine ausgesprochen große Hilfe. Weiters bedanke ich mich bei meiner Mutter Karin Bock, die sich stets verständnisvoll ge- zeigt und mich mein ganzes Leben lang bei all meinen Vorhaben mit allen ihr zur Verfügung stehenden Kräften und Mitteln unterstützt hat. Ebenso bedanke ich mich bei meiner Freundin Larissa Sornig für ihre engelsgleiche Geduld, die während meiner zahlreichen Bremsenjagden nicht selten auf die Probe gestellt und selbst dann nicht überstrapaziert wurde, als sie sich während eines Ausflugs ins Wenger Moor als ausgezeichneter Bremsenmagnet erwies. Auch meiner restlichen Familie gilt mein Dank für ihre fortwährende Unterstützung.
  • Bioluminescence in Insect

    Bioluminescence in Insect

    Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2018) 7(3): 187-193 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 03 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Review Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.703.022 Bioluminescence in Insect I. Yimjenjang Longkumer and Ram Kumar* Department of Entomology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar-848125, India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT Bioluminescence is defined as the emission of light from a living organism K e yw or ds that performs some biological function. Bioluminescence is one of the Fireflies, oldest fields of scientific study almost dating from the first written records Bioluminescence , of the ancient Greeks. This article describes the investigations of insect Luciferin luminescence and the crucial role imparted in the activities of insect. Many Article Info facets of this field are easily accessible for investigation without need for Accepted: advanced technology and so, within the History of Science, investigations 04 February 2018 of bioluminescence played a significant role in the establishment of the Available Online: scientific method, and also were among the many visual phenomena to be 10 March 2018 accounted for in developing a theory of light. Introduction Bioluminescence (BL) serves various purposes, including sexual attraction and When a living organism produces and emits courtship, predation and defense (Hastings and light as a result of a chemical reaction, the Wilson, 1976). This process is suggested to process is known as Bioluminescence - bio have arisen after O2 appearance on Earth at means 'living' in Greek while `lumen means least 30 different times during evolution, as 'light' in Latin.