Man, ngwis mo as om long Niu Hebridis

R Brunton, J 0 Lynch and DTTryon editors

OLGETA LANGWIS BLONG NIU HEBRIDIS Man,Man, ngwisngwismomo asasomom D.T. Tryon OLGETA LANGWIS BLONG WOL long Niu Hebridis Taem yu luk antap long skae long naet, yu save luk long Niu Hebridis plante sta i stap. Namba blong olgeta sta ia klosap faef taosen. Namba blong olgeta langwis long wol klosap i olsem. Be, i gat wan trabol long toktok ia. Olsem wanem 'Zangwis'? 'Langwis' we R Brunton, J 0 Lynch yumi tokabaot, em i toktok blong wan pipol we olgeta strenja 01 i no save harem-save toktok ia. Insaed long wan langwis i gat " R Brunton, J 0 Lynch sam "pikinini langwis", olsem sem langwis, be langwis i defren and DTTryon editors lelbet. Langwis blong Eton long Efate em i sem langwis wetem and DTTryon editors langwis blong Erakor, be i stap defren lelbet. Man Erakor i save harem gut langwis blong man Eton. Sipos tufala stesen i harem-save toktok wan wan, be sipos i gat sam wot noma we i defren, 01 i talem se tu "pikinini langwis". Be sipos wan pipol Serieseditor RIShond i no save harem langwis blong wan narafala stesen, 01 i talem se defren Zangwis ia. Samting ia, mining blong namba blong langwis, Development Studies Centre faef taosen, we 01 i stap long wol blong yumi nao ia. The Australian Notional University Long wol tede i gat klosap 3.7 billion man (3,700,000,000) Long 3.7 billion man ia, i gat 2 billion (2,000,000,000) we 01 i Canberra 1978 yusum tenfala langwis nomo, olsem: 1. Saina (Chinese) 2. Inglis (English) 3. Rasia (Russian) 4. Sipen (Spanish) 5. India (Hindi-Urdu) 6. Penkali (Bengali) 7. Arabia (Arabic) 8. Siapan (Japanese) A founding document, forging ways of talking – in the new 9. Serman (German) 10. Potugis (Portugese) national language, – about many academic fields Olsem tenfala langwis ia i gat plante man we i save toktok long from archaeology and anthropology through linguistics and em. Be i gat tumas langwis long wol we i no gat tumas man blong music, in a clear and accessible way 61

" "

Serieseditor RIShond Serieseditor RIShond Development Studies Centre Development Studies Centre The Australian Notional University The Australian Notional University Canberra 1978 Canberra 1978 The exceptional linguistic density of – !

Figure 1 — A reference map of Vanuatu’s 138 vernacular languages '"

167° 169° ] J The

1 Hiw 1 Hiw 59 Mavea

Map Tegua TORRES IS 2 Lo-Toga 60 Tutuba

2 3 Lehali 61 Aore Lo

Urepara- 4 Löyöp 62 Tamambo Toga TORBA

3 para 5 Mwotlap 63 Tangoa ~

4 6 Volow 64 Araki

3. 6

5 7 Mota 65 Axamb 8 Motalava Vanua 8 Lemerig 66 Lendamboi 7 Lava BANKS IS 9 Vera’a 67 Nasvang 9 Mota 10 Vurës 68 Sörsörian

Olgeta 16° 11 10 11 Mwesen 69 Avok

12 Nume 70 Uliveo 16 12 13 Dorig 71 Port Sandwich Gaua 15 14 Koro 72 Nisvai 17 14 13 15 Olrat 73 Burmbar

Merelava 16 Lakon 74 Mbwenelang

17 Mwerlap 75 Aulua langwis 30 18 Sungwadia 76 Niolean

19 Sungwadaga 77 Rerep SANMA 29

20 Baetora 78 Unua 31 28 18 21 Ambae 79 Vivti 58

57 19 Maewo 22 West Ambae 80 Nitita 32 27 53 23 Raga 81 Avava 52 Espiritu 54 38 56 Ambae 20 24 Apma 82 Neverver 33 21 55 25 Ske 83 Litzlitz

~ 35 blong Santo 59 34 37 51 22 26 Sa 84 Uripiv 39 PENAMA 41 36 46 49 50 23 27 Tolomako 85 Rutan 43 48 60 40 28 Piamatsina 86 Botovro 63 62 61 47 24 Pentecost 42 45 29 Vunapu 87 Vao 44 64

30 Valpei 88 Alovas 89 88 87 86 25

90 31 Nokuku 89 Vovo 18° Niu 91 84 26 32 Meri 90 Nese 92 85 82 95 96 80 33 Wusi 91 Najit 93 83 113 112 107 94 79 77 34 Bura 92 Malua Bay 81 76 97 98 78 108 74 35 Merei 93 Njav 99 75 111 100 73 110 109 Hebridis 66 36 Mores 94 Tirax Malakula 101 68 72 Ambrym 102 114 37 Ande 95 V’ënen Taut 104 69 71

115 38 Toksiki 96 Tape 103 105 65 70 67 117 106 39 Kiai 97 Larëvat 116 MALAMPA 118 Epi 40 Moiso 98 Neve’ei

119 41 Kene 99 Nivat

120 123 42 Daruru 100 Nasarian

43 Akei 101 Aveteian Shepherd Is 122

44 Retlatur 102 Ninde 121

45 Wailapa 103 Nahavaq

46 Farsaf 104 Nāti

SHEFA 47 Varavara 105 Naha’ai 123 48 Narmoris 106 Navwien 124 Efate 49 Biliru 107 North Ambrym

50 Atin 108 Orkon 127 125 51 Ati 109 Southeast Ambrym 126 52 Farnanto 110 Daakie 20° CORAL SEA 53 Se 111 Daakaka 54 Sinia 112 Dalkalaen "

," 55 Butmas-Tur 113 Raljago 0'

, 56 Ngen 114 Paama ~ l

57 Tholp 115 Lamen

58 Sakao 116 Lewo

117 Bierebo

118 Baki 129 119 Mkir 130

Erromango 120 Bieria

128 121 Namakura

122 Emae G

~ i 123 Nakanamanga 67 124 Lelepa

125 Eton

138 126 South Efate

j TAFEA 131

0 134 127 Mele-Fila j ~

136 , 132 128 Sie ~J Tanna

129 Ura 133 135 130 Utaha to

~ 131 North Tanna

t 132 Lenakel 020 40 22° 133 Southwest Tanna

km 134 Whitesands

135 Kwamera Aneityum 137 137 Anejom © François et al., eds (2015), The languages of Vanuatu: Unity and diversity. Canberra: SLIM

138 Futuna-Aniwa Vanuatu is famous as the country with the world’s highest ‘gross linguistic product’ – the number of languages per population – and François, A., S. Lacrampe, M. Franjieh & S. Schnell (eds). 2015. The Languages of Vanuatu: Unity and Diversity.

from Tryon (1976) to François et al (2015) ANU scholars have Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia, 5. worked with Ni-Vanuatu on the challenging of task of mapping the Canberra: Asia–Pacific Linguistics Open Access. 271 pp. country’s linguistic diversity – now known to include 135 languages! ISBN: 978-1922185235. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/14819. ANU Research on Vanuatu languages 46 book-length publications so far on languages of Vanuatu (grammars, dictionaries, surveys etc.) with Pacific Linguistics https://pacling.wordpress.com

The fieldworker training program https://www.paradisec.org.au since the 1970s, in collaboration with the Vanuatu Kaljoral Senta Another current project is building a ‘corpus’ (language collection) of Bislama: Digital archive now at (ANU/Melbourne/Sydney) of 1,359,124 words (just Bislama) Pacific languages containing 251,340 (Bislama plus translation) thousands of recordings of different languages from This is the biggest corpus of a Neo- Vanuatu and elsewhere in the Melanesian language – our Tok Pisin Pacific course is currently only 248,260 words Three academic generations: ANU pioneer Darrell Tryon, who trained ANU Phd Graduates Terry Crowley, Catriona Malau , and Robert Early, who trained the first two Ni-Vanuatu PhDs in linguistics, Dr Hannah Bogiri and Dr Lana Takau

The late Prof Darrell Tryon

Dr Catriona Malau (Née Hyslop)

Dr Hannah Bogiri

The late Professor Terry Crowley Dr Robert Early Dr Lana Takau