Facing Sudan
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
War Economy in Karima, Khartoum and Juba, Sudan Bruijn, M.E.De; Brinkman, I.; Bilal, H.; Wani, P.T
The Nile connection : effects and meaning of the mobile phone in a (post)war economy in Karima, Khartoum and Juba, Sudan Bruijn, M.E.de; Brinkman, I.; Bilal, H.; Wani, P.T. Citation Bruijn, M. Ede, Brinkman, I., Bilal, H., & Wani, P. T. (2012). The Nile connection : effects and meaning of the mobile phone in a (post)war economy in Karima, Khartoum and Juba, Sudan. Afrika-Studiecentrum, Leiden. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/1887/18450 Version: Not Applicable (or Unknown) License: Downloaded from: https://hdl.handle.net/1887/18450 Note: To cite this publication please use the final published version (if applicable). The Nile Connection. Effects and Meaning of the Mobile Phone in a (Post)War Economy in Karima, Khartoum and Juba, Sudan Mirjam de Bruijn & Inge Brinkman with Hisham Bilal & Peter Taban Wani ASC Working Paper 99 / 2012 African Studies Centre P.O. Box 9555 2300 RB Leiden The Netherlands Telephone +31-71-5273372 Fax +31-71-5273344 Website www.ascleiden.nl E-mail [email protected] © Mirjam de Bruijn & Inge Brinkman The Nile Connection Effects and Meaning of the Mobile Phone in a (Post)War Economy in Karima, Khartoum and Juba, Sudan by Mirjam de Bruijn & Inge Brinkman with Hisham Bilal & Peter Taban Wani Leiden, The Netherlands February 2012 Please do not quote without the consent of the authors Table of Contents Foreword 5 Points of departure 5 Research methodologies 8 Main findings 9 Acknowledgements 11 1. Introduction 13 A vast country 13 Politics and borders 14 History of mobility 16 Box 1. Sending remittances: Old and new 17 Conflict and warfare in Sudan 18 2. -
The Secession of South Sudan: a Case Study in African Sovereignty and International Recognition
College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University DigitalCommons@CSB/SJU Political Science Student Work Political Science 2012 The Secession of South Sudan: A Case Study in African Sovereignty and International Recognition Christian Knox College of Saint Benedict/Saint John's University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.csbsju.edu/polsci_students Part of the Political Science Commons Recommended Citation Knox, Christian, "The Secession of South Sudan: A Case Study in African Sovereignty and International Recognition" (2012). Political Science Student Work. 1. https://digitalcommons.csbsju.edu/polsci_students/1 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@CSB/SJU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Political Science Student Work by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@CSB/SJU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Secession of South Sudan: A Case Study in African Sovereignty and International Recognition An Honors Thesis College of St. Benedict/St. John’s University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for All College Honors and Distinction in the Department of Political Science by Christian Knox May, 2012 Knox 2 ABSTRACT: This thesis focuses on the recent secession of South Sudan. The primary research questions include an examination of whether or not South Sudan’s 2011 secession signaled a break from the O.A.U.’s traditional doctrines of African stability and noninterference. Additionally, this thesis asks: why did the United States and the international community at large confer recognition to South Sudan immediately upon its independence? Theoretical models are used to examine the independent variables of African stability, ethnic secessionism, and geopolitics on the dependent variables of international recognition and the Comprehensive Peace Agreement. -
1 Name 2 History
Sudan This article is about the country. For the geographical two civil wars and the War in the Darfur region. Sudan region, see Sudan (region). suffers from poor human rights most particularly deal- “North Sudan” redirects here. For the Kingdom of North ing with the issues of ethnic cleansing and slavery in the Sudan, see Bir Tawil. nation.[18] For other uses, see Sudan (disambiguation). i as-Sūdān /suːˈdæn/ or 1 Name السودان :Sudan (Arabic /suːˈdɑːn/;[11]), officially the Republic of the Sudan[12] Jumhūrīyat as-Sūdān), is an Arab The country’s place name Sudan is a name given to a جمهورية السودان :Arabic) republic in the Nile Valley of North Africa, bordered by geographic region to the south of the Sahara, stretching Egypt to the north, the Red Sea, Eritrea and Ethiopia to from Western to eastern Central Africa. The name de- the east, South Sudan to the south, the Central African or “the ,(بلاد السودان) rives from the Arabic bilād as-sūdān Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west and Libya lands of the Blacks", an expression denoting West Africa to the northwest. It is the third largest country in Africa. and northern-Central Africa.[19] The Nile River divides the country into eastern and west- ern halves.[13] Its predominant religion is Islam.[14] Sudan was home to numerous ancient civilizations, such 2 History as the Kingdom of Kush, Kerma, Nobatia, Alodia, Makuria, Meroë and others, most of which flourished Main article: History of Sudan along the Nile River. During the predynastic period Nu- bia and Nagadan Upper Egypt were identical, simulta- neously evolved systems of pharaonic kingship by 3300 [15] BC. -
The Influence of South Sudan's Independence on the Nile Basin's Water Politics
A New Stalemate: Examensarbete i Hållbar Utveckling 196 The Influence of South Sudan’s Master thesis in Sustainable Development Independence on the Nile Basin’s Water Politics A New Stalemate: The Influence of South Sudan’s Jon Roozenbeek Independence on the Nile Basin’s Water Politics Jon Roozenbeek Uppsala University, Department of Earth Sciences Master Thesis E, in Sustainable Development, 15 credits Printed at Department of Earth Sciences, Master’s Thesis Geotryckeriet, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 2014. E, 15 credits Examensarbete i Hållbar Utveckling 196 Master thesis in Sustainable Development A New Stalemate: The Influence of South Sudan’s Independence on the Nile Basin’s Water Politics Jon Roozenbeek Supervisor: Ashok Swain Evaluator: Eva Friman Master thesis in Sustainable Development Uppsala University Department of Earth Sciences Content 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 6 1.1. Research Aim .................................................................................................................. 6 1.2. Purpose ............................................................................................................................ 6 1.3. Methods ........................................................................................................................... 6 1.4. Case Selection ................................................................................................................. 7 1.5. Limitations ..................................................................................................................... -
Sudan a Country Study.Pdf
A Country Study: Sudan An Nilain Mosque, at the site of the confluence of the Blue Nile and White Nile in Khartoum Federal Research Division Library of Congress Edited by Helen Chapin Metz Research Completed June 1991 Table of Contents Foreword Acknowledgements Preface Country Profile Country Geography Society Economy Transportation Government and Politics National Security Introduction Chapter 1 - Historical Setting (Thomas Ofcansky) Early History Cush Meroe Christian Nubia The Coming of Islam The Arabs The Decline of Christian Nubia The Rule of the Kashif The Funj The Fur The Turkiyah, 1821-85 The Mahdiyah, 1884-98 The Khalifa Reconquest of Sudan The Anglo-Egyptian Condominium, 1899-1955 Britain's Southern Policy Rise of Sudanese Nationalism The Road to Independence The South and the Unity of Sudan Independent Sudan The Politics of Independence The Abbud Military Government, 1958-64 Return to Civilian Rule, 1964-69 The Nimeiri Era, 1969-85 Revolutionary Command Council The Southern Problem Political Developments National Reconciliation The Transitional Military Council Sadiq Al Mahdi and Coalition Governments Chapter 2 - The Society and its Environment (Robert O. Collins) Physical Setting Geographical Regions Soils Hydrology Climate Population Ethnicity Language Ethnic Groups The Muslim Peoples Non-Muslim Peoples Migration Regionalism and Ethnicity The Social Order Northern Arabized Communities Southern Communities Urban and National Elites Women and the Family Religious -
Space, Home and Racial Meaning Making in Post Independence Juba
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles The Worldliness of South Sudan: Space, Home and Racial Meaning Making in Post Independence Juba A thesis submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirement for the degree of Master of Arts in Anthropology By Zachary Mondesire 2018 © Copyright by Zachary Mondesire 2018 ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS The Worldliness of South Sudan: Space, Home and Racial Meaning Making in Post Independence Juba By Zachary Mondesire Master of Art in Anthropology University of California, Los Angeles, 2017 Professor Hannah C. Appel, Chair The world’s newest state, South Sudan, became independent in July 2011. In 2013, after the outbreak of the still-ongoing South Sudanese civil war, the UNHCR declared a refugee crisis and continues to document the displacement of millions of South Sudanese citizens. In 2016, Crazy Fox, a popular South Sudanese musician, released a song entitled “Ana Gaid/I am staying.” His song compels us to pay attention to those in South Sudan who have chosen to stay, or to return and still other African regionals from neighboring countries to arrive. The goal of this thesis is to explore the “Crown Lodge,” a hotel in Juba, the capital city of South Sudan, as one such site of arrival, return, and staying put. Paying ethnographic attention to site enables us to think through forms of spatial belonging in and around the hotel that attached racial meaning to national origin and regional identity. ii The thesis of Zachary C. P. Mondesire is approved. Jemima Pierre Aomar Boum Hannah C. Appel, Committee Chair University -
Soil and Oil
COALITION FOR INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE COALITION FOR I NTERNATIONAL JUSTICE SOIL AND OIL: DIRTY BUSINESS IN SUDAN February 2006 Coalition for International Justice 529 14th Street, N.W. Suite 1187 Washington, D.C., 20045 www.cij.org February 2006 i COALITION FOR INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE COALITION FOR I NTERNATIONAL JUSTICE SOIL AND OIL: DIRTY BUSINESS IN SUDAN February 2006 Coalition for International Justice 529 14th Street, N.W. Suite 1187 Washington, D.C., 20045 www.cij.org February 2006 ii COALITION FOR INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE © 2006 by the Coalition for International Justice. All rights reserved. February 2006 iii COALITION FOR INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS CIJ wishes to thank the individuals, Sudanese and not, who graciously contributed assistance and wisdom to the authors of this research. In particular, the authors would like to express special thanks to Evan Raymer and David Baines. February 2006 iv 25E 30E 35E SAUDI ARABIA ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT LIBYA Red Lake To To Nasser Hurghada Aswan Sea Wadi Halfa N u b i a n S aS D e s e r t ha ah raar a D De se es re tr t 20N N O R T H E R N R E D S E A 20N Kerma Port Sudan Dongola Nile Tokar Merowe Haiya El‘Atrun CHAD Atbara KaroraKarora RIVER ar Ed Damer ow i H NILE A d tb a a W Nile ra KHARTOUM KASSALA ERITREA NORTHERN Omdurman Kassala To Dese 15N KHARTOUM DARFUR NORTHERN 15N W W W GEZIRA h h KORDOFAN h i Wad Medani t e N i To le Gedaref Abéche Geneina GEDAREF Al Fasher Sinnar El Obeid Kosti Blu WESTERN Rabak e N i En Nahud le WHITE DARFUR SINNAR WESTERN NILE To Nyala Dese KORDOFAN SOUTHERN Ed Damazin Ed Da‘ein Al Fula KORDOFAN BLUE SOUTHERN Muglad Kadugli DARFUR NILE B a Paloich h 10N r e 10N l 'Arab UPPER NILE Abyei UNIT Y Malakal NORTHERN ETHIOPIA To B.A.G. -
Archaeological Park Or “Disneyland”? Conflicting Interests on Heritage At
Égypte/Monde arabe 5-6 | 2009 Pratiques du Patrimoine en Égypte et au Soudan Archaeological Park or “Disneyland”? Conflicting Interests on Heritage at Naqa in Sudan Parc archéologique ou « Disneyland » ? Conflits d’intérêts sur le patrimoine à Naqa au Soudan Ida Dyrkorn Heierland Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/ema/2908 DOI: 10.4000/ema.2908 ISSN: 2090-7273 Publisher CEDEJ - Centre d’études et de documentation économiques juridiques et sociales Printed version Date of publication: 22 December 2009 Number of pages: 355-380 ISBN: 2-905838-43-4 ISSN: 1110-5097 Electronic reference Ida Dyrkorn Heierland, « Archaeological Park or “Disneyland”? Conflicting Interests on Heritage at Naqa in Sudan », Égypte/Monde arabe [Online], Troisième série, Pratiques du Patrimoine en Égypte et au Soudan, Online since 31 December 2010, connection on 19 April 2019. URL : http:// journals.openedition.org/ema/2908 ; DOI : 10.4000/ema.2908 © Tous droits réservés IDA DYRKORN HEIERLAND ABSTRACT / RÉSUMÉ ARCHAEOLOGICAL PARK OR “DISNEYLAND”? CONFLICTING INTERESTS ON HERITAGE AT NAQA IN SUDAN The article explores agencies and interests on different levels of scale permeat- ing the constituting, management and use of Sudan’s archaeological heritage today as seen through the case of Naqa. Securing the position of “unique” and “unspoiled sites”, the archaeological community and Sudanese museum staff seem to emphasize the archaeological heritage as an important means for constructing a national identity among Sudanese in general. The government, on the other hand, is mainly concerned with the World Heritage nomination as a possible way to promote Sudan’s global reputation and accelerate the economic exploitation of the most prominent archaeo- logical sites. -
Skirting the Law: Sudan's Post-CPA Arms Flows
18 Skirting the Law: Sudan’s Post-CPA Arms Flows By Mike Lewis Copyright Published in Switzerland by the Small Arms Survey © Small Arms Survey, Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva 2009 First published in September 2009 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without prior permission in writing of the Small Arms Survey, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organi- zation. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Publications Manager, Small Arms Survey, at the address below. Small Arms Survey Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies 47 Avenue Blanc, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland Copy-edited by Tania Inowlocki Proofread by Donald Strachan Cartography by MAPgrafix Typeset in Optima and Palatino by Richard Jones ([email protected]) Printed by nbmedia in Geneva, Switzerland ISBN 978-2-940415-17-5 2 Small Arms Survey HSBA Working Paper 18 Lewis Skirting the Law 3 The Small Arms Survey The Small Arms Survey is an independent research project located at the Grad- uate Institute of International and Development Studies in Geneva, Switzerland. Established in 1999, the project is supported by the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs, and by sustained contributions from the Governments of Belgium, Canada, Finland, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. The Survey is also grateful for past and current project support received from the Governments of Australia, Denmark, France, Ger- many, New Zealand, Spain, and the United States, as well as from different United Nations agencies, programmes, and institutes. -
Sudan Attacks on Schools
EDUCATION UNDER ATTACK 2014 COUNTRY PROFILES SUDAN ATTACKS ON SCHOOLS There were different accounts of how many schools More than 1,000 university students were arrested, were attacked during 2009-2012. According to Arry more than 15 killed and more than 450 injured in Organization for Human Rights and Development, 48 2009-2012, mostly in demonstrations on campus or schools were destroyed in attacks by government in education-related protests. Many of the injuries forces in South Kordofan between April 2011 and resulted from security forces using excessive force. February 2012, but it was not specified if these were There were dozens of incidents of attacks on, and targeted attacks.1467 Other UN, human rights and military use of, schools.1457 media reports documented 12 cases of schools or education buildings being destroyed, damaged or CONTEXT looted, including primary and secondary schools and a teacher training institute, in the areas of Darfur, In Sudan’s western region of Darfur, fighting Abyei, Blue Nile and South Kordofan during 2009- between government forces and pro-government 2012, but again it was not specified how many were militia and rebels over the past decade has left targeted.1468 300,000 people dead and more than two million displaced,1458 with schools set on fire and looted and According to the UN, three instances of burning, students and teachers targeted by armed groups.1459 looting and destruction of schools occurred between January 2009 and February 2011.1469 For example, Sudan’s protracted civil war between the -
EPIDEMICS in the AFRICAN RED SEA REGION 3 Summary
Epidemics in the African Fuelling Poverty The challenges ofRed accessing Sea energyRegion among urban householdsA history of in uneven Juba, Southdisease Sudan exposure [SMALL PRINT / FUNDER DETAILS / DATE / ETC] [FUNDER DETAILS] [Copy[Copy and and paste paste completed completed cover cover here} here} image here, drop from 20p5 max height of box 42p0 Dr Steven Serels Contents Summary 4 1. Introduction 5 2. Cholera: A disease of mobility and poverty 9 3. Smallpox: A disease of violence 14 4. Syphilis: A disease of urbanization 19 5. Conclusion 23 Bibliography 25 Cover image: Vaccination of pilgrims leaving for Mecca from Suakin Port, Sudan © C J.F.E. Bloss This report was written by Dr Steven Serels. Dr. Steven Serels is a Research Fellow at the Leibniz- Zentrum Moderner Orient. He is the author of Starvation and the State: Famine, Slavery and Power in Sudan 1883-1956 (Palgrave Macmillan, 2013) and The Impoverishment of the African Red Sea Littoral, c1640-1945 (Palgrave Macmillan, 2018). This report is a product of the X-Border Local Research Network, a component of the FCDO’s Cross- Border Conflict—Evidence, Policy and Trends (XCEPT) programme, funded by UKaid from the UK government. The programme carries out research work to better understand the causes and impacts of conflict in border areas and their international dimensions. It supports more effective policymaking and development programming and builds the skills of local partners. The views expressed do not necessarily reflect the UK government’s official policies. The Rift Valley Institute works in Eastern and Central Africa to bring local knowledge to bear on social, political and economic development. -
IN the MATTER of an AD HOC ARBITRATION PCA No. GOS-SPLM 53,391 PURSUANT to the ARBITRATION AGREEMENT in the HAGUE, the NETHERLANDS
IN THE MATTER OF AN AD HOC ARBITRATION PCA No. GOS-SPLM 53,391 PURSUANT TO THE ARBITRATION AGREEMENT IN THE HAGUE, THE NETHERLANDS BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF SUDAN AND THE SUDAN PEOPLE’S LIBERATION MOVEMENT/ARMY THE SUDAN PEOPLE’S LIBERATION MOVEMENT/ARMY REJOINDER 28 February 2009 Table of Contents I. SUMMARY OF ARGUMENT ...........................................................................................1 A. The Government Has Failed Entirely to Establish that the ABC Experts Exceeded Their Mandate .........................................................................................1 1. The Government’s Reply Memorial Attempts Improperly to Expand the Grounds on which the ABC Experts’ Report May Be Challenged........2 2. Even if they Were Admissible, the Government’s Purported Excess of Mandate Claims Are Frivolous....................................................................4 3. The Government Excluded or Waived Any Rights to Claim that the ABC Experts Exceeded Their Mandate.......................................................6 B. The Government’s Fundamentally Revised Factual Case Confirms the ABC Experts’ Decision and Supports the SPLM/A’s Definition of the Abyei Area .......7 1. The Government’s New Factual Case Confirms that the Area of the Nine Ngok Dinka Chiefdoms Transferred to Kordofan in 1905 Comprises All of the Territory North of the Current Bahr el Ghazal/Kordofan Boundary to Latitude 10º35’N ........................................7 2. The Boundary Between Kordofan and Bahr el Ghazal Was Indefinite and