DOCSLIB.ORG

Lee Kennett. Marching Through Georgia: the Story of Soldiers and Civilians During Sherman's Campaign. New York: Harpercollins. 1995. Pp. X, 418. $27.50

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Lee Kennett. Marching Through Georgia: the Story of Soldiers and Civilians During Sherman's Campaign. New York: Harpercollins. 1995. Pp. X, 418. $27.50 1626 Reviews of Books Unionists" (p. 228) and calls pro-Confederate blacks the war, with the help of Thomas, they got their land "a minority within a minority" (p. 229). Most slaves and the right to remain in North Carolina. The Pam­ "understood that they had a better chance of gaining unkey and Lumbee Unionists, disgruntled at mistreat­ freedom, particularly if they behaved themselves and ment by their white neighbors, served without reward let events in the form of the Union Army advance their as guerrillas and pilots for the Union. The Catawbas day of jubilee" (p. 260). "Although some" black Vir­ remained loyal to the Confederacy. ginians "supported or spied for the Confederacy, the Those Indians in the North who aided the Union majority recognized that their assistance to Yankees gained nothing for their efforts. Some Ottawa served would hasten the end of slavery" (p. 287). as sharpshooters in the Army of the Potomac. A few Fourth, Jordan ignores major themes. He devotes Pequots blended into the Union's "colored" troops. too little attention, for instance, to how rank-and-file Two Senecas, the brothers Isaac Newton and Ely blacks responded to pro-Confederate blacks. He un­ Samuel Parker, became officers in the Union army. dervalues white fears of blacks with weapons. And he Despite Ely Samuel's association with Ulysses S. Grant Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ahr/article/101/5/1626/36435 by guest on 02 October 2021 fails to explore sufficiently black Virginians' "inscruta­ after the war, he was unable to survive the scandals ble masks, watermelon smiles, and feigned indiffer­ that ruined Grant's presidency. ence" (p. 21 )-how they "resorted to combinations of Hauptman's primary contention that the Indians guile and resistance to survive daily encounters with who fought on either side of the Civil War inevitably potentially hostile whites" (p. 136). lost is beyond reproach. He fails to document convinc­ Fifth, Jordan clouds his narrative with jarring and ingly his belief that their participation in the war made illogical paragraphs that document different themes. a difference in its outcome. He might have supported Undigested anecdotes and hypotheses mar his book. his sympathy for Native Americans with more detail In sum, Jordan never satisfactorily squares slavery's about how they themselves felt. Despite their unhappy indignities with his insistence that a minority of Vir­ status as victims, many Indians did survive, adjust, and ginia blacks loyally served "the cause." preserve their culture. Careful editing would have JOHN DAVID SMITH saved him and his publisher from embarrassing errors North Carolina State University of punctuation, grammar, and spelling. As an intrigu­ ing tale of individuals and tribes who comprise a lost LAURENCE H. HAUPTMAN. Between Two Fires: American chapter in the Civil"War, however, this book is worthy Indians in the Civil War. New York: Free Press. 1995. of readers. Pp. xv, 304. $25.00. E. STANLY GODBOLD, JR. Mississippi State University When the Civil War intersected the "winning of the West" between 1861 and 1865, the American Indians LEE KENNETT. Marching through Georgia: The Story of who participated suffered great losses. Whether they Soldiers and Civilians during Sherman's Campaign. New fought for the Union or the Confederacy, lived in the York: HarperCollins. 1995. Pp. x, 418. $27.50. North, South, or trans-Mississippi West, they were already a conquered people doomed to lose. Laurence Mter 130 years, the debate over the actions of Federal M. Hauptman's new book offers a comprehensive, soldiers during General William T. Sherman's march researched account of which Native Americans fought, through Georgia is as lively as ever. Sherman's defend­ why they did it, and how they fared. ers have been few, largely because denunciation of In the West, Confederate Brigadier General Stand Sherman's "barbarism" derived as much sting from the Watie, principal chief of one faction of the Cherokee, accounts of northern troops as from the venom of hated blacks and fought ruthlessly for the South (p. outraged Georgians. Ultimately, most judged Sherman 50). An able cavalry officer and military tactician, his to be a brilliant, innovative general but found him participation exacerbated a civil war among the Cher­ culpable for a widespread breakdown in discipline. okee themselves. Five years after the war he died In the 1930s, however, historians took a new look at financially and emotionally bankrupt. Those Indians in Sherman's record. Influenced by World War I, they the West who fought for the Union believed that the viewed his campaign as part of a new strategy, de­ "Great White Father" would honor his land treaties. signed to terminate a horribly destructive war, thereby They were disappointed. reducing rather than continuing devastation and In the South, the Eastern Band of Cherokee bene­ death. Most of these studies were largely history fitted from the war. Four hundred of them fought with written from the commander's perspective. Writers William Holland Thomas's Confederate Legion of placed readers in Sherman's tent-sometimes in his Indians and Highlanders. A successful merchant and mind-as the fog of battle tactics and campaign strat­ Whig politician, Thomas was a white man whom the egy unfurled in conveniently placed maps. North Carolina Cherokee had adopted when he was a In recent years, historians have explored a new boy. Mter he helped them escape removal to the West, approach to military history, the one taken here by Lee they named him chief in 1839. Their well-placed trust Kennett. In Kennett's account, readers travel through of Thomas led them into the rebellion in the moun­ Georgia with captains, sergeants, and common sol­ tainous areas of North Carolina and Tennessee. After diers, recording their stories as they encounter south- AMERICAN HISTORICAL REVIEW DECEMBER 1996 .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Between Two Fires: American Indians in the Civil War'
    H-CivWar Eyman on Hauptman, 'Between Two Fires: American Indians in the Civil War' Review published on Monday, April 1, 1996 Laurence M. Hauptman. Between Two Fires: American Indians in the Civil War. New York: The Free Press, 1995. xv + 304 pp. $25.00 (cloth), ISBN 978-0-02-914180-9. Reviewed by David Eyman (History Department, Skidmore College) Published on H-CivWar (April, 1996) The last chapter of Hauptman's book opens with a description of a scene from the 1976 motion picture, The Outlaw Josey Wales, in which Chief Dan George, playing the part of a Cherokee Indian named Lone Watie, explains what it meant to be a "civilized" Indian. Every time he appealed to the government for relief from problems visited on him as an Indian, he was told to "endeavor to persevere." When he eventually grew tired of hearing that, he joined up with the Confederacy. Hauptman goes on to suggest that Native Americans from a variety of tribes joined in a fight that was not really theirs for many reasons. Indian participation in the American Civil War, on both sides, was more extensive than most people realize, involving some 20,000 American Indians. Laurence Hauptman, a professor of history at the State University of New York at New Paltz and the author of a number of works on American Indians, has provided an interesting examination of Indians who participated in the Civil War. By following the service of selected tribes and individuals, he recounts a number of stories, ranging from such relatively well-known personalities as Stand Watie-- the principal chief of the southern-allied branch of the Cherokee Nation and brigadier general of the Confederate States of America--and Ely Samuel Parker--a Seneca and reigning chief of the Six Nations and a colonel on General Ulysses S.
    [Show full text]
  • From Scouts to Soldiers: the Evolution of Indian Roles in the U.S
    Georgia Southern University Digital Commons@Georgia Southern Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of Summer 2013 From Scouts to Soldiers: The Evolution of Indian Roles in the U.S. Military, 1860-1945 James C. Walker Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd Part of the Indigenous Studies Commons, and the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Walker, James C., "From Scouts to Soldiers: The Evolution of Indian Roles in the U.S. Military, 1860-1945" (2013). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 860. https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/860 This thesis (open access) is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of at Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FROM SCOUTS TO SOLDIERS: THE EVOLUTION OF INDIAN ROLES IN THE U.S. MILITARY, 1860-1945 by JAMES C. WALKER ABSTRACT The eighty-six years from 1860-1945 was a momentous one in American Indian history. During this period, the United States fully settled the western portion of the continent. As time went on, the United States ceased its wars against Indian tribes and began to deal with them as potential parts of American society. Within the military, this can be seen in the gradual change in Indian roles from mostly ad hoc forces of scouts and home guards to regular soldiers whose recruitment was as much a part of the United States’ war plans as that of any other group.
    [Show full text]
  • Proquest Dissertations
    Recalling Cahokia: Indigenous influences on English commercial expansion and imperial ascendancy in proprietary South Carolina, 1663-1721 Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Wall, William Kevin Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 10/10/2021 06:16:12 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/298767 RECALLING CAHOKIA: INDIGENOUS INFLUENCES ON ENGLISH COMMERCIAL EXPANSION AND IMPERIAL ASCENDANCY IN PROPRIETARY SOUTH CAROLINA, 1663-1721. by William kevin wall A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the AMERICAN INDIAN STUDIES PROGRAM In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2005 UMI Number: 3205471 INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI UMI Microform 3205471 Copyright 2006 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • Cherokees. INSTITUTION East Tennessee State Univ., Johnson City
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 310 898 RC 017 120 AUTHOR Arnow, Pat, Ed.; Chiltoskey, Mary, Ed. TITLE Cherokees. INSTITUTION East Tennessee State Univ., Johnson City. Center for Appalachian Studies and Services. PUB DATE 86 NOTE 33p.; Photographs may not reproduce well. AVAILABLE FROMCASS/ESTU Foundation, Center for Appalachian Studies and Services, Institute for Appalachian Affairs, Box 19180A, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614-0002 (subscription--$7.50 for individuals and $10.00 for institutions; single copies $2.50). PUB TYPE Collected Works Serials (022) Viewpoints (120) JOURNAL CIT Now and Then; v3 n3 Aut 1986 EDRS PRICE MF01/PCO2 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *American Indian Culture; *American Indian History; *American Indian Literature; Cultural Background; Cultural Education; Ethnic Groups; Interviews; Poetry; Rural American Indians; Rural Areas; Short Stories IDENTIFIERS Appalachia; Appalachian Literature; *Appalachian People; *Cherokee (Tribe); Rural Culture ABSTRACT This issue of "Now and Then" focuses on Cherokee Indians in Appalachia. It includes poetry, articles, fiction, book reviews, and photos. Articles include "The Story of My Life as Far Back as I Remember" by Aggie Ross Lossiah and edited by Joan Greene; "Goingback Chiltoskey, Master Carver," by Joan Greene; "Daughter of Tahlequah," a profile of storyteller Gayle Ross by Jill Oxendine; "Maggie Axe Wachacha: Beloved WOMan of the Cherokees," by Patricia A. Swan; "Saving the Then for Now," by Pat Arnow; "Cherokee Eden (with Asides): An Alternative to the Apple," by Marilou Awiakta; "Marilou Awiakta: Eye of the Deer," by Parks Lanier; and "Fears and Challenges," by Robert Youngdeer. Short stories include "Brownies: A Cherokee Legend," by Ruth Ledford; and "The Tsali Legend," oy John Parris.
    [Show full text]
  • Cherokee from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia • Ten Things You May Not Know About Wikipedia •Jump To: Navigation, Search This Page Contains Special Characters
    Cherokee From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia • Ten things you may not know about Wikipedia •Jump to: navigation, search This page contains special characters. Because of technical limitations, some web browsers may not display these glyphs properly. More info… ᎠᏂᏴᏫᏯ Cherokee Flag of the Cherokee Nation Flag of the United Keetoowah Band. Flag of the Eastern Band Cherokee Total population 320,000+ Regions with significant populations Federally Enrolled members: Cherokee Nation (f): 270,000+ United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians, Oklahoma (f): 10,000 Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians, North Carolina (f): 10,000+ (f) = federally recognized Language(s) English, Cherokee Religion(s) Christianity (Southern Baptist and Methodist), Traditional Ah-ni-yv-wi-ya, other small Christian groups. Related ethnic groups American Indians, Five Civilized Tribes, Tuscarora, other Iroquoians. For other uses, see Cherokee (disambiguation). The Cherokee ( ah-ni-yv-wi-ya {Unicode: ᎠᏂᏴᏫᏯ} in the Cherokee language) are a native people from North America, who at the time of European contact in the sixteenth century, inhabited what is now the Eastern and Southeastern United States. Most were forcibly moved westward to the Ozark Plateau in the 1830s. They are one of the tribes referred to as the Five Civilized Tribes. According to the 2000 U.S. Census, they are the largest of the 563 federally recognized Native American tribes in the United States. [1] The Cherokee refer to themselves as Tsa-la-gi (pronounced "chaw-la-gee") or A-ni-yv-wi-ya (pronounced "ah knee yuh wee yaw", literal translation: "Principle People"). In 1654, the Powhatan were referring to this people as the Rickahockan.
    [Show full text]
  • To Download Information Packet
    INFORMATION PACKET General Information • Important Dates in Cherokee History • The Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians Tribal Government • Cherokee NC Fact Sheet • Eastern Cherokee Government Since 1870 • The Cherokee Clans • Cherokee Language • The Horse/Indian Names for States • Genealogy Info • Recommended Book List Frequently Asked Questions—Short ResearCh Papers with References • Cherokee Bows and Arrows • Cherokee Clothing • Cherokee Education • Cherokee Marriage Ceremonies • Cherokee Villages and Dwellings in the 1700s • Thanksgiving and Christmas for the Cherokee • Tobacco, Pipes, and the Cherokee Activities • Museum Word Seek • Butterbean Game • Trail of Tears Map ArtiCles • “Let’s Put the Indians Back into American History” William Anderson Museum of the Cherokee Indian Info packet p.1 IMPORTANT DATES IN CHEROKEE HISTORY Recently, Native American artifacts and hearths have been dated to 17,000 B.C. at the Meadowcroft site in Pennsylvania and at Cactus Hill in Virginia. Hearths in caves have been dated to 23,000 B.C. at sites on the coast of Venezuela. Native people say they have always been here. The Cherokee people say that the first man and first woman, Kanati and Selu, lived at Shining Rock, near present-day Waynesville, N.C. The old people also say that the first Cherokee village was Kituwah, located around the Kituwah Mound, which was purchased in 1997 by the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians to become once again part of tribal lands. 10,000 BC-8,000 BC Paleo-Indian Period: People were present in North Carolina throughout this period, making seasonal rounds for hunting and gathering. Continuous occupation from 12,000 BC has been documented at Williams Island near Chattanooga, Tennessee and at some Cherokee town sites in North Carolina, including Kituhwa and Ravensford.
    [Show full text]
  • 21 the Cherokee and the Indian Removal
    The Cherokee and The Indian Removal Act Essential Question: How did the Indian Removal Act of 1830 impact the Cherokee and the United States? From the earliest days of settlement in Upper East Tennessee, tensions had always existed between the settlers and their Cherokee neighbors over land. Between 1775 and 1819, the Cherokee ceded, or gave up, much of their land through a series of treaties that reduced their holdings to a small corner in Southeast Tennessee and other states. However, the Cherokee faced increasing pressure from both Tennessee and Georgia to abandon their lands entirely. As early as 1817, some Cherokee had voluntarily relocated to Arkansas.1 Most Cherokee wanted to remain on their lands so Cherokee leaders took steps to ensure their people were not forced off their land. Some Cherokee had already adopted customs from their white neighbors including the practice of slavery. Sequoyah’s invention of a written language and the translation of the Bible into Cherokee helped spread Christianity to a significant proportion of the population.2 In 1827, Cherokee leaders met at New Echota to write a constitution for the Cherokee nation based on the United States Constitution.3 John Ross was chosen to lead the nation as Principal Chief. Ross, the son of a Scottish trader and Cherokee mother, had received a European American education, but also grew up as a full member of the Cherokee nation.4 Ross’ ability to speak English and 1 “A Brief History of the Trail of Tears.” Cherokee Nation. 2018. http://www.cherokee.org/About-The-Nation/History/Trail-of-Tears/A-Brief-History-of-the-Trail-of-Tears accessed 5 July 2018.
    [Show full text]
  • A Brief Historical Review of the Cherokee Indians from The
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 021 677 RC 002 569 INDIANS OF NORTH CAROLINA. Bureau of Indian Affairs (Dept. ofInterior), Washington, D.C. Pub Date 68 Note- 16p. Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 (GPO: Available from- Superintendent ofDocuments, U.S. Government Printing 1968/0- 287- 680, 115) EDRS Price MF- 50.25 HC Not Availablefrom EDRS. ECONOMIC Descriptors-*ACCULTURATIOR *AMERICAN INDIANS, CULTURAL BACKGROUND, *HISTORICAL REVIEWS, DISADVANTAGEMENT, *ECONOMIC PROGRESS,FEDERAL AID, FEDERAL LEGISLATION, MODERN HISTORY, *UNITED STATESHISTORY Identifiers-*Cherokee Incians, North Carolina A brief historical review of theCherokee Indians from themid-sixteenth century to modern day depicts anindustrious tribe adverselyaffected by the settlement movement only to make exceptionaleconomic advancementswith the aid of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. Civic pride andself-leadership among the CherokeeIndians in North Carolina has resulted in increasedemployment, industrial development,education, social welfare, and a thriving tourist business.Pictures and maps addsignificance to the material presented. (SW) U.S. DEPARTMENTOFFICEHEALTH, OF EDUCATION EDUCATION &WELFARE THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEENREPRODUCEDORIGINAIM6 IT.EXACTLYPOINTS AS RECEIVEDOf VIEW ORFROM OPINIONS THE PERSONPOSITIONORSTATED DOOR1146. NOT ORGANIZATIOBPOLICY. NECESSARILYREPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE Of!EDUCATION LVs, 4 "IMyfromwhich will help whencelift made comethup mine heavencometh from eyes and mythe unto earth."help.Lord, the This passage from the Bible hasPsalms (Translationparticular 121:1-2 meaningfrom the Cherokee) to the Eastern Band of Chero- mountainousrefugeeskeesremoval Alwaysin North nowof the antraet Carolina,number industrious tribe in western to 6,000 whose Oklahoma. people, Northpeople ancestors the Carolina who That Cherokees took live was of refugeon more in todaythe 1838. thaninCherokee are the The563500 engaged mountains descendants Indian acres. in much duringReservationa theof forced thosesame manufacturingoccupationstourists each asyear.
    [Show full text]
  • Progressive Warriors: the Evolution of Cherokee Progressivism, 1794-1939
    PROGRESSIVE WARRIORS: THE EVOLUTION OF CHEROKEE PROGRESSIVISM, 1794-1939 Benjamin Aaron Fussell A Thesis Submitted to the University of North Carolina Wilmington in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts Department of History University of North Carolina Wilmington 2012 Approved by Advisory Committee Candice Bredbenner Michael Seidman David La Vere Chair Accepted by Dean, Graduate School TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................................................................................... iv DEDICATION ........................................................................................................... v INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER I: INDIAN POLICY, ASSIMILATION, AND FACTIONALISM ..... 10 CHAPTER II: THE EBC AND THE RESURGANCE OF PROGRESSIVISM .... 40 CHAPTER III: THE INDIAN NEW DEAL AND EBC PROGRESSIVES .......... 66 CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................ 86 WORKS CITED ...................................................................................................... 89 ii ABSTRACT The Cherokee Indians are well represented in the historiography of the American Indian. Themes of cultural persistence in the face of the United States civilization policy prevails among these works. What
    [Show full text]
  • Memorialization of Forgotten Steps: Native American Participation in the American Civil War
    MEMORIALIZATION OF FORGOTTEN STEPS: NATIVE AMERICAN PARTICIPATION IN THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR Stefanie M. Haire A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in History Middle Tennessee State University December 2019 Thesis Committee: Chair: Dr. Carroll Van West Dr. Lisa Pruitt To the absolute light of my life and world, Orion Zarek. I love you so much more than to the moon and back. You are forever my inspiration, little love bug. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis would not be complete without first thanking my committee for their unwavering support of my studies and professional goals. Both Dr. Carroll Van West and Dr. Lisa Pruitt have offered nothing but constant encouragement from the first day that I began my master’s degree at Middle Tennessee State University, and I am forever grateful to them for that. Thank you also to Dr. West for offering me the opportunity to serve as a Graduate Research Assistant at the MTSU Center for Historic Preservation during my time as a student. The countless hours of field work and research have only made me into a better historian, and I cannot understate my gratitude for taking me on after that fateful phone interview while I worked at Zion National Park. On that note, thanks are warranted to the National Park Service as well. Without the opportunities that I have received at Pipe Spring National Monument and Zion National Park, I know that I would have continued to struggle with my path in this life. Brandon and Miriam, I will always cherish the steadfast support and encouragement that you both offered so generously to me.
    [Show full text]
  • MISSOURI BUFFINGTON 10.Pdf
    1 MISSOURI BUFFINGTON (by. John Clinard, Tellico Village, Loudon TN, January 2010) Who was Missouri Buffington? First, she lived in the Cherokee Nation in southeastern America from 1795 to 1835 with her father being a Buffington and her mother being a Fields, both parents half-breed Cherokees. Both the Buffingtons and the Fields were important families in American history as the country’s growth intersected the Cherokee people. The Buffingtons and Fields were woven into times as the Cherokee moved from prominence in America to a people in the way of American progress, resulting in many tragedies, most significant being the 1838-39 " Trail of Tears" or, "The Trail Where They Cried" ("Nunna daul Tsuny"). But Missouri, who married the son of a Cherokee Town Chief, was dead at the age of 40, three years before the “Trail of Tears”. Killed in Brasstown NC in 1835, along with two of her sons, by prospectors over a cow, we see the tragedy of Missouri as representative of many American Indian tragedies. Further, Missouri happens to be my 4th great-grand mother. Cherokee blood is in my veins and in the veins of many Americans, and we should not forget this. Indeed, I feel I must review Missouri’s life, as far as it can be reconstructed, helping to make her life more of a reality that can be embraced. The Cherokee were/are a Native American people historically settled principally in Georgia, the Carolinas and Eastern Tennessee. In the 19th century, the Cherokees were known as one of the "Five Civilized Tribes", because by then they had assimilated numerous cultural and technological practices of European-American settlers.
    [Show full text]
  • Cherokee Indians - Part 5: Trail of Tears and the Creation of the Eastern Band of Cherokees
    Published on NCpedia (https://www.ncpedia.org) Home > Cherokee Indians - Part 5: Trail of Tears and the creation of the Eastern Band of Cherokees Cherokee Indians - Part 5: Trail of Tears and the creation of the Eastern Band of Cherokees [1] Share it now! Cherokee by William L. Anderson and Ruth Y. Wetmore, 2006. Additional research provided by John L. Bell. See also: John Ross [2] Part i: Overview [3]; Part ii: Cherokee origins and first European contact [4]; Part iii: Disease, destruction, and the loss of Cherokee land [5]; Part iv: Revolutionary War, Cherokee defeat and additional land cessions [6]; Part v: Trail of Tears and the creation of the Eastern Band of Cherokees; Part vi: Federal recognition and the fight for Cherokee rights [7]; Part vii: Modern-day Cherokee life and culture [8]; Part viii: References and additional resources [9] Part v: The Trail of Tears and the Creation of the Eastern Band of Cherokees Trail of Tears map from the National Park Service [10]In 1830 Congress passed the Indian Removal Act [11], setting the stage for the forced removal of the Cherokee and the infamousT rail of Tears [12]. In 1835, a small, unauthorized group of about 100 Cherokee leaders (known as the Treaty Party) signed the Treaty of New Echota (Georgia), giving away all remaining Cherokee territory in the Southeast in exchange for land in northeastern Oklahoma. Principal Cherokee Chief John Ross collected more than 15,000 signatures, representing almost the entire Cherokee Nation, on a petition [13] requesting the U.S. Senate to withhold ratification of this illicit treaty.
    [Show full text]