Bibliografio Di Ido
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A Brief Introduction to Constructed Languages
A Brief Introduction to Constructed Languages An essay by Laurier Rochon Piet Zwart Institute : June 2011 3750 words Abstract The aim of this essay will be to provide a general overview of what is considered a "constructed language" (also called conlang, formalized language or artificial language) and explore some similarities, differences and specific properties that set these languages apart from natural languages. This essay is not meant to be an exhaustive repertoire of all existing conlangs, nor should it be used as reference material to explain or dissect them. Rather, my intent is to explore and distill meaning from particular conlangs subjectively chosen for their proximity to my personal research practice based on empirical findings I could infer from their observation and brief use. I will not tackle the task of interpreting the various qualities and discrepancies of conlangs within this short study, as it would surely consist of an endeavour of its own. It should also be noted that the varying quality of documentation available for conlangs makes it difficult to find either peer-reviewed works or independent writings on these subjects. As a quick example, many artistic languages are conceived and solely used by the author himself/herself. This person is obviously the only one able to make sense of it. This short study will not focus on artlangs, but one would understand the challenge in analyzing such a creation: straying away from the beaten path affords an interesting quality to the work, but also renders difficult a precise analytical study of it. In many ways, I have realized that people involved in constructing languages are generally engaging in a fringe activity which typically does not gather much attention - understandably so, given the supremacy of natural languages in our world. -
24° Congresso UECI TOSSIGNANO (BO-Imola) Villa Santa Maria
Unione Esperantista Cattolica Italiana U.E.C.I IDO Fare24° clicCongresso per modificare UECI lo stile del sottotitolo dello schema TOSSIGNANO (BO-Imola) Villa Santa Maria - 4-8 giugno 2010 www.ueci.it 4 I protagonisti • Louis Couturat era un matematico, logico e glottoteta francese, noto per i suoi contributi allo sviluppo delle logica formale. • Fu fondatore della Delegazione per l'adozione di una lingua ausiliaria internazionale. (Ris-Orangis , 17 gennaio 1868 – 3 agosto 1914) 2424° Congresso UECI 4-8 GIUGNO 2010 Il marchese Louis de Beaufront • Il marchese Louis de Beaufront (1855 – 1935) è stato un linguista, glottoteta ed esperantista francese. • La sua vita rimane piena di misteri: si seppe dopo la sua morte che non era marchese, che era di padre sconosciuto e che il suo vero nome era in realtà Louis Chevreux. Precettore privato al servizio di ricche famiglie, celibe. • Consacrò tutto il suo tempo libero alla diffusione della lingua, creò le basi del movimento esperantista. 24° Congresso UECI 4-8 GIUGNO 2010 • Alcune divergenze lo opposero all'iniziatore della lingua, Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof e alla maggioranza degli esperantisti francesi. • Non partecipò al primo congresso esperantista di Boulogne-sur- Mer dove fu adottato il Fundamento de Esperanto, cioè le norme intangibili che garantiscono la stabilità della lingua. • Louis de Beaufront creò l’IDO come tentativo di creare una versione più semplice dell'esperanto. • Ido in esperanto significa discendente ma è anche l'abbreviazione di esperantido 24° Congresso UECI 4-8 GIUGNO 2010 LA STORIA • Nell'ottobre 1907, a Parigi, un comitato internazionale di 12 membri si riunì per scegliere la lingua artificiale più adatta alla comunicazione internazionale. -
Latinidaj Planlingvoj (AIS-Kurso, 1 Studunuo)
Vĕra Barandovská-Frank: Latinidaj planlingvoj (AIS-kurso, 1 studunuo) La Latina apartenas al la italika grupo de la hindeŭropa lingvofamilio (tiu ĉi lingvofamilio ampleksas i.a. preskaŭ ĉiujn eŭropajn lingvojn, ekz. grupon ĝermanan kaj slavan), el la Latina evoluiĝis etnaj lingvoj nomataj Romanaj ( = latinidaj), precipe itala, romanĉa, sarda, franca, okcitana, hispana, kataluna, galega, portugala, gudezma, rumana, moldava. Latinidaj planlingvoj estas similaj al la Romanaj lingvoj kaj ofte imitas ilian evoluon. Latina skribo (el la greka kaj etruska alfabetoj): originale 20 majusklaj literoj (maiuscula): A B C D E F H I K L M N O P Q R S T V X . Literon I oni uzis ankaŭ por la sono [j], literon C ankaŭ por G, poste diferenciĝis [k] kaj [g]. U kaj V estis la sama litero: majuskle ekzistis nur V, poste minuskle (minuscula) u: VENIO – uenio (minuskloj evoluiĝis el la mezepoka karolinga alfabeto). En la klasika latina ne estis K, k, J j, U, u, v, W, w, Y, y, Z, z poste trans- prenitaj aŭ el la greka alfabeto (K, U, Y, Z ), aŭ faritaj el jam ekzistantaj literoj (J, W). Restaŭrita prononco: vokaloj longaj kaj mallongaj. La litero V/u estas aŭ konsonanta [ŭ] aŭ vokala [u]; i (j) aŭ konsonanta [j] aŭ vokala [i]. La litero c prononciĝis kiel [k]; qu kiel [kŭ]; au kiel [aŭ]; ae kiel [aj]; oe kiel [oj]. h estis antikve ĉiam prononcata, sed iom post iom malaperis. En helenaj pruntvortoj estis uzataj ch, ph, th [kh]/[ĥ], [ph], [th], poste [k], [p], [t]. La akcento ĝenerale troviĝis sur la antaŭlasta silabo, se ĝia vokalo estis longa, aŭ je la antaŭantaŭlasta, se mallonga, ekz. -
1 Constructed Language and Linguistic Theory Marc Van Oostendorp To
Constructed language and linguistic theory Marc van Oostendorp To appear in: Klaus Schubert (ed.) Planned language: From plan to reality. Association Belgique de Linguistique Appliquée, 2000. 0. Introduction ‘Natural language’ is arguably the most central concept within linguistic theory —it defines its object of study —, but it is hardly ever discussed outside the first pages of introductory textbooks. It is usually taken for granted that everybody knows what the label means, and that it can be applied to American English, Yidiny and Eastern Javanese, but not to tonal music, the programming language Prolog, or the languages of the Elves in the novels of J.R.R. Tolkien. Many interlinguists — those scholars concerned with the study of consciously planned languages meant for international communication — follow this line of reasoning to some extent, if they defend the validity of their interest in Esperanto (cf. Schubert 1989, Tonkin and Fettes 1996 for fairly recent overviews). They argue that Esperanto is markedly different from other planned languages, because it has been used in a much wider range of communicative situations, because it has become associated with a separate ‘Esperantist culture’, or because it is learnt by children as one of their native languages. For this reason, Esperanto would have started to differ from its competitors: it would be the only ‘language project’ that has succeeded in becoming a ‘real (natural) language’. This line of argumentation is examined in this article. I study the relevance of some planned or constructed languages other than Esperanto, viz. Interlingua, Ido, Europanto and Spocanian. These have been made up in slightly different ways, all serve different goals and different philosophies have guided the construction of their respective grammars. -
Chapter Two Planned Languages And
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Institutional Research Information System University of Turin CHAPTER TWO PLANNED LANGUAGES AND LANGUAGE PLANNING: THE CONTRIBUTION OF INTERLINGUISTICS TO CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION FEDERICO GOBBO A new science is developing, Interlinguistics–that branch of the science of language which deals with the structure and basic ideas of all languages with the view to the establishing of a norm for interlanguages, i.e. auxiliary languages destined for oral and written use between people who cannot make themselves understood by means of their mother tongues. —Otto Jespersen (1931) Since the end of the 19th century up to the first half of the 20th century, the quest for “a norm for interlanguages” was a hotly debated issue among linguistic scholars and amateurs. In fact, about 1,000 language projects were proposed in that period, especially in Europe: the strongest effort for cross-cultural connection ever made (Albani-Buonarroti 1994). What can be inferred from it, in terms of language planning? Is there any relation or analogy between the issues encountered in natural language planning contexts (e.g. officialization, language revitalization, standardization) and interlanguage planning? Are there any general rules that can be deduced from the main historical developments of the above mentioned “quest”? Although Tauli (1968) considered interlinguistics as “the science of international language planning” (i.e. a branch of the science of language planning) very few linguists involved in language planning paid attention to interlinguistics until now. In this analysis of planned international language, the role of language amateurs will not be underestimated. -
9, Oktobr 2011
jurnal inter IAL 世 POSTA MUNDI # 9, oktobr 2011 http://es.groups.yahoo.com/group/posta_Mundi KONTENAJE posta_Mundi, frazo #9 3 Anteparole Rosto Sibelingua 4 QUI AMA PRO LE PRIM FOYE Andoromeda, Rapidlingue 4 Heinrich Heine NOMBRE'S EN POPULIDO Partaka Populido 5 Arte dormeskar Rosto Sibelingua 5 DUM KE FLATUIS ME Gonçalo Neves: Ido 6 *ILA PROFETO, Pri la laboro Partaka, Khalil Jibran Ido 7 La tantrismo de Nasrudino Aleshandre Shavyer Adjuvilo 9 Kasanova Domingo Wuya e kreba Dmitri Ivanov Lingua de Planeta 11 En ULI ulu Partaka Ido 12 Ka Partaka? Nula problemo! Partaka Ido 13 DOP LA FENESTRO Tiberio Madonna Ido 15 FALADO SEN FINO, Thomas Adjuvilo 15 ARTISTINOS DE LA MORTO (Valodnieks) LE INKONTRE DESU LE DUSHE Andoromeda Rapdlingue 16 E in li fine Rosto Sibelingua 17 Klara, Alona e Fantomas: texte — Rosto, Populido — Partaka, Lingua de Fantomas — Partaka e Rosto. Klara e Alona: Populido; Fantomas: Esperanto, Lingua de Fantomas posta_Mundi, frazo #9 Esperanto klasika: La plej bona internacia helplingvo estas tiu, kiu proponas la plej grandan facilecon al la plej granda nombro da homoj. Ido: La maxim bona internaciona linguo helpanta esas ta, qua en omna punti ofras la maxim granda facileso a la maxim granda nombro de homi. Interlingua: Le melior lingua international auxiliar es illo que, in omne punctos, offere le major facilitate al major numero de homines. Occidental/Interlingue: Li max bon international auxilingue es to quel oferta li max grand facilitá al max grand númere de homines. Novial: Li max bon international helpelingue es tum kel in omni punktus ofra li max grandi fasileso al max grandi nombre de homes. -
Les Drapeaux Des Langues Construites
Les Drapeaux des Langues Construites Patrice de La Condamine Résumé Depuis toujours, les hommes oscillent entre la préservation de leurs identités particulières et leur besoin d’appartenance à des communautés globales. L’idée d’universel et de recherche de la “fusion des origines” hante leur cœur. Dans cet esprit, des langues construites ont été élaborées. Qu’elles soient à vocation auxiliaire ou internationale, destinées à de vastes aires culturelles ou à but strictement philosophique. Des noms connus comme Volapük, Espéranto, Ido, Bolak, Interlingua, Occidental. Mais aussi Glosa, Kotava, Lingua Franca Nova, Atlango. Ou encore Folskpraat, Slovio, Nordien, Afrihili, Slovianski, Hedšdël. Sans parler du langage philosophique Lojban1. Le plus intéressant est de constater que toutes ces langues ont des drapeaux qui traduisent les messages et idéaux des groupes en question! La connaissance des drapeaux des langues construites est primordiale pour plusieurs raisons: elle nous permet de comprendre que tous les drapeaux sans exception délivrent des messages d’une part; que l’existence des drapeaux n’est pas forcément liée à l’unique notion de territoire d’autre part. Le drapeau est d’abord et avant tout, à travers son dessin et ses couleurs, un “territoire mental”. Après avoir montré et expliqué ces différents drapeaux2, nous conclurons avec la présentation du drapeau des Conlang, sorte d’ONU des Langues construites! Folkspraak Proceedings of the 24th International Congress of Vexillology, Washington, D.C., USA 1–5 August 2011 © 2011 North American Vexillological Association (www.nava.org) 1 Sélection de noms parmi d’autres. 2 Une trentaine environ. 175 LES DRAPEAUX DES LANGUES CONSTRUITES introduction A nous tous qui sommes réunis ici pour ce XXIVème Congrès International de la vexillologie à Washington, personne n’a plus besoin d’expliquer la nécessité vitale qu’ont les hommes de se représenter au moyen d’emblèmes, et nous savons la place primordiale qu’occupent les drapeaux dans cette fonction. -
Interlingvistiko
Interlingvistiko Enkonduko en la sciencon pri planlingvoj 1 2 Universitato Adam Mickiewicz – Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza Interlingvistikaj Studoj – Studia Interlingwistyki Vĕra Barandovská-Frank Interlingvistiko Enkonduko en la sciencon pri planlingvoj Poznań 2020 3 Interlingvistikaj Studoj 1 Redaktanto de la serio – Redaktor serii: Ilona Koutny Redaktanto de la volumo – Redaktor tomu: Ilona Koutny Reviziantoj – Recenzenci: Wim Jansen, Ida Stria Bildo en la titolpaĝo – Obraz na okładce: Katalin Kováts Plano de titolpaĝo – Projekt okładki: Ilona Koutny © Teksto – Tekst: Vĕra Barandovská-Frank © Bildo – Obraz na okładce: Katalin Kováts © Eldono – Edycja: Wydawnictwo Rys Publikigita kun subteno de Akademio Internacia de la Sciencoj San Marino dofinansowane przez Międzynarodową Akademię Nauk San Marino Wydanie I Poznań 2020 ISBN 978-83-65483-88-1 Wydanie: Wydawnictwo Rys Dąbrówka, ul. Kolejowa 41 62-070 Dopiewo tel. 600 44 55 80 e-mail: [email protected] www.wydawnictworys.com 4 Enhavtabelo Antaŭparolo ..................................................................................................................... 9 Enkonduko .................................................................................................................... 11 1. Interlingvistiko kiel scienco ..................................................................................... 15 2. Antikvaj interlingvoj ................................................................................................ 27 2.1. La aramea lingvo ............................................................................................ -
Science and International Language in the Early Twentieth Century
Constructing worlds with words : science and international language in the early twentieth century Citation for published version (APA): de Kloe, F. (2014). Constructing worlds with words : science and international language in the early twentieth century. https://doi.org/10.26481/dis.20140618fk Document status and date: Published: 01/01/2014 DOI: 10.26481/dis.20140618fk Document Version: Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Please check the document version of this publication: • A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal. -
Communism in Words
Communism in words A brief history of Esperanto, the language intimately tied to the common destiny of the working class. My dad’s love of foreign languages began when he gave up bus-conducting and crossed the Channel to fight Franco and become a communist. In Catalonia, a fighter told him that if the International Brigaders had known Esperanto, they might have had more success. When someone at a party school called Esperanto petty-bourgeois — then the line — he was shocked and disappointed. He told me later, “He’s wrong; it’s a good idea. It’s communism in words. One day, everyone will speak it.” I loved this idea of a universal language. Its inventor designed it to be simple, and I learned it in just three months. In 2011, the Catalan Esperanto Association invited me to give a eulogy commemorating the International Brigadiers at their memorial in Montjuïc Cemetery. They wanted it in the form of a tribute to my father, so I gave it in Esperanto. In the early twentieth century, revolutionaries embraced this language, seeing it as a tool to build international solidarity. Esperanto faded along with many of those hopes as it faced decades of attacks from fascist and Communist states alike, but its legacy is worth preserving. Leizer Ludwik Zamenhof (1859–1917) created Esperanto to be a global second language. A Lithuanian Jew, Zamenhof grew up under Russian occupation and amid the tensions between Jews, Catholic Poles, Orthodox Russians, and Protestant Germans. He identified miscommunication as the main cause of this trouble. First, Zamenhof tried to create a standardized Yiddish to unify Jews across the Russian Empire. -
Aprioraj Kaj Aposterioraj Planlingvoj – Esploro De La Fontoj
http://www.klausschubert.de/material/Schubert2018Aprioraj.pdf Klaus Schubert Aprioraj kaj aposterioraj planlingvoj – esploro de la fontoj Resumo: Aprioraj kaj aposterioraj planlingvoj – esploro de la fontoj Planlingvojn oni kutimas klasi kiel apriorajn, aposteriorajn aŭ miksitajn. Kiel originon de tiu klasifiko oni ofte mencias superrigardan studon de Couturat kaj Leau de 1903, kelkfoje artikolon de Moch de 1897, pli malofte raporton de la Internacia Lingvistika Societo en Parizo en la jaroj ĉirkaŭ 1858 kaj tre malofte leteron de Kartezio de 1629. Krome, kelkaj sciencistoj opinias, ke la klasifiko kiel distingilon uzas nur la devenon de la vortoj aŭ morfemoj, dum aliaj konsideras la tutan konstruprincipon de la koncerna lingvosistemo. Ĉi tiu esplornoto analizas kaj la originon kaj la kriteriojn de la klasifiko, klopodas taksi ĝian lokon en la pli larĝa tereno de la lingvistiko kaj trovas tre malrapidan procedon de terminiĝo, pro kiu oni eble ne povas klare nomi unusolan aŭtoron de la klasifiko. Abstract: A priori and a posteriori planned languages – an investigation into the sources Planned languages are usually classified as either a priori, a posteriori or mixed. This classification is attributed often to a 1903 reference work by Couturat and Leau, sometimes to an 1897 article by Moch, more rarely to the Société internationale de Linguistique, active around 1858 in Paris, and at times to a letter by Descartes, dated 1629. In addition, the classification is employed by some researchers based on the origin of the lexicon only and by others based on the entire construction principle of the language system. This research note investigates the origins and the criteria of the classification and attempts to place it in the wider context of linguistics. -
Nativization Processes in L1 Esperanto
J. Child Lang. (), –. # Cambridge University Press DOI: .\S Printed in the United Kingdom Nativization processes in L Esperanto* BENJAMIN K. BERGEN Linguistics Department, University of California, Berkeley (Received December . Revised January ) The artificial language Esperanto is spoken not only as a second language, by its proponents, but also as a native language by children of some of those proponents. The present study is a preliminary description of some characteristics of the Native Esperanto (NE) of eight speakers, ranging in age from six to fourteen years. As such, it is the first of its kind – previous works on NE are either theoretical treatises or individual case studies. We find, at least for the eight subjects studied, both bilingual- ism and nativization effects, differentiating native from non-native Esperanto speech. Among these effects are loss or modification of the accusative case, phonological reduction, attrition of the tense\aspect system, and pronominal cliticization. The theoretical ramifications are discussed, particularly with regard to universals of language acquisition and the effects of expressive requirements of language. Esperanto is an artificial language, created by L. L. Zamenhof, at the end of the nineteenth century. Zamenhof, who was born in Bialystok (at the time in Lithuania) in , was a polyglot, by all accounts able to speak fluent Polish, Yiddish, and Russian, in addition to having a good command of German, Hebrew, Latin, and French (Boulton, ). His language, the result of years of work, was published in and displays an immense lexical influence from Romance languages. By some estimates as many as %of Esperanto words are from Romance sources.