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Chapter 3 Aircraft Accident and Serious Incident Investigations(P17

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Chapter 3 Aircraft Accident and Serious Incident Investigations(P17 Chapter 3 Aircraft accident and serious incident investigations Chapter 3 Aircraft accident and serious incident investigations 1 Aircraft accidents and serious incidents to be investigated <Aircraft accidents to be investigated> ◎Paragraph 1, Article 2 of the Act for Establishment of the Japan Transport Safety Board(Definition of aircraft accident) The term "Aircraft Accident" as used in this Act shall mean the accident listed in each of the items in paragraph 1 of Article 76 of the Civil Aeronautics Act. ◎Paragraph 1, Article 76 of the Civil Aeronautics Act (Obligation to report) 1 Crash, collision or fire of aircraft; 2 Injury or death of any person, or destruction of any object caused by aircraft; 3 Death (except those specified in Ordinances of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism) or disappearance of any person on board the aircraft; 4 Contact with other aircraft; and 5 Other accidents relating to aircraft specified in Ordinances of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. ◎Article 165-3 of the Ordinance for Enforcement of the Civil Aeronautics Act (Accidents related to aircraft prescribed in the Ordinances of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism under item 5 of the paragraph1 of the Article 76 of the Act) The cases (excluding cases where the repair of a subject aircraft does not correspond to the major repair work) where navigating aircraft is damaged (except the sole damage of engine, cowling, engine accessory, propeller, wing tip, antenna, tire, brake or fairing). <Aircraft serious incidents to be investigated> ◎Item 2, Paragraph 2, Article 2 of the Act for Establishment of the Japan Transport Safety Board (Definition of aircraft serious incident) A situation where a pilot in command of an aircraft during flight recognized a risk of collision or contact with any other aircraft, or any other situations prescribed by the Ordinances of Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism under Article 76-2 of the Civil Aeronautics Act. ◎Article 76-2 of the Civil Aeronautics Act ・When the pilot in command has recognized during flight that there was a danger of collision or contact with any other aircraft. Japan Transport Safety Board Annual Report 2016 17 Chapter 3 Aircraft accident and serious incident investigations ・When the pilot in command has recognized during flight that there is a danger of causing any of accidents listed in each item of paragraph 1, article 76 of the Civil Aeronautics Act, specified by Ordinances of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. ◎Article 166-4 of the Ordinance for Enforcement of the Civil Aeronautics Act (The case prescribed in the Ordinances of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism under Article 76-2 of the Civil Aeronautics Act) 1 Take-off from a closed runway or a runway being used by other aircraft or aborted take-off 2 Landing on a closed runway or a runway being used by other aircraft or attempt of landing 3 Overrun, undershoot and deviation from a runway (limited to when an aircraft is disabled to perform taxiing) 4 Case where emergency evacuation was conducted with the use for emergency evacuation slide 5 Case where aircraft crew executed an emergency operation during navigation in order to avoid crash into water or contact on the ground 6 Damage of engine (limited to such a case where fragments penetrated the casing of subject engine 7 Continued halt or loss of power or thrust (except when the engine(s) are stopped with an attempt of assuming the engine(s) of a motor glider) of engines (in the case of multiple engines, 2 or more engines) in flight 8 Case where any of aircraft propeller, rotary wing, landing gear, rudder, elevator, aileron or flap is damaged and thus flight of the subject aircraft could be continued 9 Multiple malfunctions in one or more systems equipped on aircraft impeding the safe flight of aircraft 10 Occurrence of fire or smoke inside an aircraft and occurrence of fire within an engine fire- prevention area 11 Abnormal decompression inside an aircraft 12 Shortage of fuel requiring urgent measures 13 Case where aircraft operation is impeded by an encounter with air disturbance or other abnormal weather conditions, failure in aircraft equipment, or a flight at a speed exceeding the airspeed limit, limited payload factor limit operating altitude limit 14 Case where aircraft crew became unable to perform services normally due to injury or disease 15 Case where a slung load, any other load carried external to an aircraft or an object being towed by an aircraft was released unintentionally or intentionally as an emergency measure 16 Case where parts dropped from aircraft collided with one or more persons 17 Case equivalent to those listed in the preceding items Japan Transport Safety Board Annual Report 2016 18 Chapter 3 Aircraft accident and serious incident investigations 2 Procedure of aircraft accident/incident investigation Occurrence of aircraft accident or serious incident Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Notice (Civil Aviation Bureau Report Aviation operator, Notification of aircraft accident Flight Standard Division, etc. or serious incident etc.) Initiation of investigation ・Appointment of an investigator-in-charge and other investigators ・Coordination with relevant authorities, etc. ・Notice to State of registry, State of the operator, State of design, State of manufacture and the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Fact-finding investigation ・Interview with crew members, passengers, witnesses, etc. ・Collection of relevant information such as weather condition ・Collection of evidence relevant to the accident, such as Flight Data Recorder (FDR), Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR), Initial report to the Board and examination of aircraft damage. Examination, test and analysis ・Aircraft Committee Deliberation by the Board ・General Committee or the Board for very serious cases in (Committee) terms of damage or social impact. 【Public hearings, if necessary】 Comments from parties concerned ・ Invite comments from relevant States (sending a draft investigation report) Deliberation and adoption by the Board (Committee) Submission of investigation ・Submission of report to State of registry, State of the operator, report to the Minister of Land, State of design, State of manufacture and the ICAO Infrastructure, Transport and ・Filing the accident/incident data report to the ICAO Tourism 【Recommendations or expression of opinions, if necessary】 The Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Follow-up on Transport and Tourism and parties relevant to Publication recommendations, the causes of the accident or serious incident opinions, etc. involved implement measures for improvement and notify or report these to the JTSB. Japan Transport Safety Board Annual Report 2016 19 Chapter 3 Aircraft accident and serious incident investigations 3 Statistics of investigations of aircraft accidents and serious incidents The JTSB carried out investigations of aircraft accidents and serious incidents in 2015 as follows: 22 aircraft accident investigations had been carried over from 2014, and 27 accident investigations newly launched in 2015. 18 investigation reports were published in 2015, and thereby 31 accident investigations were carried over to 2016. 14 aircraft serious incident investigations had been carried over from 2014, and nine serious incident investigations newly launched in 2015. 11 investigation reports were published in 2015, and thereby 12 serious incident investigations were carried over to 2016. Among the 29 reports published in 2015, one was issued with recommendations. Investigations of aircraft accidents and incidents in 2015 (Cases) ) in in Category 2015 Total mendations (Safety report) reports to 2016 (Interim Published from 2014 (Opinions) Launched Carried over Carried over investigation recommendations) (Recom Aircraft accident 22 27 49 18 (0) (0) (0) 31 (0) Aircraft 14 9 23 11 (1) (0) (0) 12 (0) serious incident 4 Statistics of aircraft accident and serious incident investigations launched in 2015 The number of aircraft accident and serious incident investigations launched in 2015 included 27 aircraft accidents, up 10 cases from 17 cases for the previous year, and nine aircraft serious incidents, up five cases from four cases for the previous year. By aircraft category, three of the accidents involved large aeroplanes and nine other cases concerned small aeroplanes, while three ultralight planes, three helicopter, one gyro plane and eight gliders were involved in the remaining cases. The aircraft serious incidents included six case involving large aeroplane, two case involving small aeroplane, and four cases involving helicopters. Number of investigated aircraft accidents and serious incidents by aircraft category in 2015 Aircraft accidents 3 9 3 3 1 8 Aircraft serious incidents 6 2 4 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Large aeroplane Small aeroplane Ultralight plane Helicopter Gyro plane Glider * Large aeroplane refers to an aircraft of a maximum take-off mass of over 5,700 kg. * Small aeroplane refers to an aircraft of a maximum take-off mass of under 5,700 kg except for Ultralight plane. Japan Transport Safety Board Annual Report 2016 20 Chapter 3 Aircraft accident and serious incident investigations In the 27 aircraft accidents, the number of casualties was 52, consisting of 10 deaths and 42 injured persons. Statistics of number of casualties (aircraft accident) (Persons) 2015 Dead Missing Injured Aircraft category Passengers Passengers Passengers Total Crew Crew Crew and others and others and others Large aeroplane 0 0 0 0 2 25 27 Small aeroplane 1 2 0 0 1 8 12 Ultralight plane 1 1 0 0 1 0 3 Helicopter 2 2 0 0 0 1 5 Glider 1 0 0 0 3 1 5 5 5 0 0 7 35 Total 52 10 0 42 5 Summaries of aircraft accidents and serious incidents which occurred in 2015 The aircraft accidents and serious incidents which occurred in 2015 are summarized as follows: The summaries are based on information available at the start of the investigations and therefore, may change depending on the course of investigations and deliberations.
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