DOCSLIB.ORG

Western Conference on Linguistics

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Western Conference on Linguistics Proceedings of the thirty-ninth Western Conference On Linguistics Volume twenty WECOL 2010 Edited by Dina Bailey Victoria Teliga Department of Linguistics California State University, Fresno Fresno, CA 93740 Copyright © 2011 by the Department of Linguistics California State University, Fresno “Copular Sentences and Coordinate “L2 wh-movement: that-trace and Island Structures” Copyright © 2011 by Yuko Effects” Copyright © 2011 by Boyoung Asada and Takaomi Kato Kim “Revisiting the Partitive Constraint: An “Sluicing as Simple as Possible” Alternative Account” Copyright © 2011 by Copyright © 2011 by Lan Kim Lindsey Chen “Postnuclear Glides and Coda Nasals” “Phasehood in Applicatives” Copyright © 2011 by Yufu Chien Copyright © 2011 by Pei-Jung Kuo “Quantifier Scope and Anaphoric Links” “NP Ellipsis and the Presence of Definite Copyright © 2011 by So-Woo Chung and Determiners with Possessors in Portuguese” Jungmin Lee Copyright © 2011 by Ananda Lima “Phonetic Realization of Focus Particles “Investigating the Evolution of Agreement always and only in Korean: Theoretical Systems Using an Artificial Language Implications of Association with Focus” Learning Paradigm” Copyright © 2011 by Copyright © 2011 by Satoshi Nambu and Jennifer Culbertson and Geradline Legendre Yong-cheol Lee “Processing Factor in Negative Island “Right Node Raising, Plurality, and Multiple Contexts” Copyright © 2011 by Simone Dominance” Copyright © 2011 by Koichi Gieselman, Robert Kluender and Ivano Otaki Caponigro “An Experimental Investigation of Semantic “Which-Phrases Reconstruct? A Syntactic and Syntactic Effects on Idiom Recognition” Investigation of D-Linked Wh-Movement” Copyright © 2011 by Ed Holsinger and Elsi Copyright © 2011 by Dan Parker Kaiser “Scandinavian Object Shift from the “The use of Magnitude Estimation to Intonational Perspective” Copyright © 2011 Understand the Behavior of Reflexive by Mayumi Hosono Pronouns” Copyright © 2011 by Sara Schmelzer Loss “AAB and ABB Reduplication in Taiwan “Clefts and Free Relatives in Japanese” Southern Min” Copyright © 2011 by Ching- Copyright © 2011 by Tohru Seraku Han Hsu “On Multiple Reflexives in Japanese” “ATB Application of Case Operations and Copyright © 2011 by Toru Ishii Genitive Subjects in Japanese” Copyright © 2011 by Shigeki Taguchi and Shin'ya Uchishiba “The Progressive and Locative zai in Mandarin Chinese” Copyright © 2011 by I- Hao Woo “Alignment and Adjacency in Mandarin Quadrasyllabic Onomatopoeia” Copyright © 2011 by Wenchi Yeh “Pronoun-Antecedent Relations from Last Resort Movement” Copyright © 2011 by Jason Ginsburg and Sandiway Fong ISBN 1-879890-20-3 Contents Copular Sentences and Coordinate Structures..........................................................1 Yuko Asada and Takaomi Kato Revisiting the Partitive Constraint: An Alternative Account..................................12 Lindsey Chen Postnuclear Glides and Coda Nasals.......................................................................20 Yufu Chien Quantifier Scope and Anaphoric Links...................................................................34 So-Woo Chung and Jungmin Lee Investigating the Evolution of Agreement Systems Using an Artificial Language Learning Paradigm..................................................................................................46 Jennifer Culbertson and Geradline Legendre Processing Factor in Negative Island Contexts.......................................................59 Simone Gieselman, Robert Kluender and Ivano Caponigro An Experimental Investigation of Semantic and Syntactic Effects on Idiom Recognition..............................................................................................................71 Ed Holsinger and Elsi Kaiser Scandinavian Object Shift from the Intonational Perspective.................................84 Mayumi Hosono AAB and ABB Reduplication in Taiwan Southern Min.........................................97 Ching-Han Hsu On Multiple Reflexives in Japanese......................................................................105 Toru Ishii L2 wh-movement: that-trace and Island Effects...................................................118 Boyoung Kim Sluicing as Simple as Possible..............................................................................131 Lan Kim Phasehood in Applicatives....................................................................................144 Pei-Jung Kuo NP Ellipsis and the Presence of Definite Determiners with Possessors in Portuguese.............................................................................................................156 Ananda Lima Phonetic Realization of Focus Particles always and only in Korean: Theoretical Implications of Association with Focus................................................................169 Satoshi Nambu and Yong-cheol Lee The use of Magnitude Estimation to Understand the Behavior of Reflexive Pronouns................................................................................................................181 Sara Schmelzer Loss Right Node Raising, Plurality, and Multiple Dominance......................................192 Koichi Otaki Which-Phrases Reconstruct? A Syntactic Investigation of D-Linked Wh- Movement..............................................................................................................207 Dan Parker Clefts and Free Relatives in Japanese...................................................................221 Tohru Seraku ATB Application of Case Operations and Genitive Subjects in Japanese............240 Shigeki Taguchi and Shin'ya Uchishiba The Progressive and Locative zai in Mandarin Chinese.......................................252 I-Hao Woo Alignment and Adjacency in Mandarin Quadrasyllabic Onomatopoeia...............265 Wenchi Yeh Pronoun-Antecedent Relations from Last Resort Movement...............................277 Jason Ginsburg and Sandiway Fong 1 Copular Sentences and Coordinate ∗ Structures Yuko Asada† and Takaomi Kato‡ †Sophia University, ‡Tokyo University of Science 1. Introduction The traditional taxonomy of copular sentences classifies examples like (1), in which the pre-copular and post-copular DPs are interpreted as referring to the same entity, as equative copular sentences (cf., for example, Declerck 1988, Higgins 1979, Rapoport 1987).1 (1.) Equative copular sentences a. Your opinion of Edinburgh is my opinion of Philadelphia. (Heycock and Kroch 1996: 8, (28b); 1999: 373, (28b)) b. Your grade in Syntax II is my grade in Phonology I. In this type of copular sentences, a wh-phrase cannot be extracted from the pre- or post-copular DP, as shown in (2)–(3). (2.) Extraction from pre-copular DPs a. *Which cityi is your opinion of ti my opinion of Philadelphia? (Heycock and Kroch 1999: 378, footnote 9) b. *Which classi is your grade in ti my grade in Phonology I? (3.) Extraction from post-copular DPs a. *Which cityi is your opinion of Edinburgh my opinion of ti? (ibid.) b. *Which classi is your grade in Syntax II my grade in ti? In (2), a wh-phrase is extracted from the pre-copular DP, and in (3), extraction occurs out of the post-copular DP. In both cases, the examples are ungrammatical. Based on this observation, one might suggest that there is a constraint which prohibits extraction from pre- or post-copular DPs. Let us refer to this putative constraint as the CopDP Constraint. (4.) CopDP Constraint In a copular sentence, no element contained in the pre- or post-copular DP may be moved out of that DP. What is interesting is that the CopDP Constraint can be violated when extraction occurs from both the pre-copular DP and the post-copular DP at 2 the same time. This is shown in (5). (5.) Across-the-board (ATB) extraction in copular sentences a. Which cityi is your opinion of ti my opinion of ti? (ibid.) b. Which classi is your grade in ti my grade in ti? In these examples, a wh-phrase is extracted out of both the pre- and post-copular DPs, and the result is grammatical. To the best of our knowledge, so far no explanation has been given to the data in (2)–(3) and (5) (see Den Dikken 2005, 2006 and Heycock and Kroch 1996, 1999 for related discussions). As Heycock and Kroch (1999: 378, note 9) point out, the pattern of grammaticality seen in the above examples is reminiscent of the well-known pattern of grammaticality exhibited by extraction from coordination. Just as extraction from one of the two DPs linked by a copular verb is disallowed, extraction from one of the two conjuncts linked by a conjunction is disallowed, as shown by the example in (6). (6.) Extraction from a conjunct *What did Mary [send t on Monday] and [receive the parcel on Wednesday]? Since Ross 1967, the ungrammaticality of examples like this has been attributed to the Coordinate Structure Constraint (CSC). (7.) Coordinate Structure Constraint (cf. Ross 1967) In a coordinate structure, no element contained in a conjunct may be moved out of that conjunct.2 Crucially, just as CopDP Constraint effects are not observed when extraction occurs from both the pre-copular DP and the post-copular DP at the same time, CSC effects are not observed when extraction occurs from both conjuncts of a coordinate structure at the same time, as illustrated by the example in (8). (8.) ATB extraction from coordination What did Mary [send t on Monday] and [receive t on Wednesday]? With this background, the aim of this paper is to offer a unified analysis of CopDP Constraint effects and CSC effects. It is argued below that these two types of effects are both derived
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Evaluation of 2-Way Iraqi Arabic–English Speech Translation Systems Using Automated Metrics
    Mach Translat (2012) 26:159–176 DOI 10.1007/s10590-011-9105-x Evaluation of 2-way Iraqi Arabic–English speech translation systems using automated metrics Sherri Condon · Mark Arehart · Dan Parvaz · Gregory Sanders · Christy Doran · John Aberdeen Received: 12 July 2010 / Accepted: 9 August 2011 / Published online: 22 September 2011 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011 Abstract The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Spoken Language Communication and Translation System for Tactical Use (TRANSTAC) program (http://1.usa.gov/transtac) faced many challenges in applying automated measures of translation quality to Iraqi Arabic–English speech translation dialogues. Features of speech data in general and of Iraqi Arabic data in particular undermine basic assumptions of automated measures that depend on matching system outputs to refer- ence translations. These features are described along with the challenges they present for evaluating machine translation quality using automated metrics. We show that scores for translation into Iraqi Arabic exhibit higher correlations with human judg- ments when they are computed from normalized system outputs and reference trans- lations. Orthographic normalization, lexical normalization, and operations involving light stemming resulted in higher correlations with human judgments. Approved for Public Release: 11-0118. Distribution Unlimited. The views expressed are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. Some of the material in this article was originally presented at the Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (LREC) 2008 in Marrakesh, Morocco and at the 2009 MT Summit XII in Ottawa, Canada. S. Condon (B) · M.
    [Show full text]
  • Download 1 File
    Strokes and Hairlines Elegant Writing and its Place in Muslim Book Culture Adam Gacek Strokes and Hairlines Elegant Writing and its Place in Muslim Book Culture An Exhibition in Celebration of the 60th Anniversary of The Institute of Islamic Studies, McGill University February 11– June 30, 2013 McLennan Library Building Lobby Curated by Adam Gacek On the front cover: folio 1a from MS Rare Books and Special Collections AC156; for a description of and another illustration from the same manuscript see p.28. On the back cover: photograph of Morrice Hall from Islamic Studies Library archives Copyright © 2013 McGill University Library ISBN 978-1-77096-209-5 3 Contents Foreword ..............................................................................................5 Introduction ........................................................................................7 Case 1a: The Qurʾan ............................................................................9 Case 1b: Scripts and Hands ..............................................................17 Case 2a: Calligraphers’ Diplomas ...................................................25 Case 2b: The Alif and Other Letterforms .......................................33 Case 3a: Calligraphy and Painted Decoration ...............................41 Case 3b: Writing Implements .........................................................49 To a Fledgling Calligrapher .............................................................57 A Scribe’s Lament .............................................................................58
    [Show full text]
  • Creating Standards
    Creating Standards Unauthenticated Download Date | 6/17/19 6:48 PM Studies in Manuscript Cultures Edited by Michael Friedrich Harunaga Isaacson Jörg B. Quenzer Volume 16 Unauthenticated Download Date | 6/17/19 6:48 PM Creating Standards Interactions with Arabic Script in 12 Manuscript Cultures Edited by Dmitry Bondarev Alessandro Gori Lameen Souag Unauthenticated Download Date | 6/17/19 6:48 PM ISBN 978-3-11-063498-3 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-063906-3 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-063508-9 ISSN 2365-9696 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Library of Congress Control Number: 2019935659 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2019 Dmitry Bondarev, Alessandro Gori, Lameen Souag, published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck www.degruyter.com Unauthenticated Download Date | 6/17/19 6:48 PM Contents The Editors Preface VII Transliteration of Arabic and some Arabic-based Script Graphemes used in this Volume (including Persian and Malay) IX Dmitry Bondarev Introduction: Orthographic Polyphony in Arabic Script 1 Paola Orsatti Persian Language in Arabic Script: The Formation of the Orthographic Standard and the Different Graphic Traditions of Iran in the First Centuries of
    [Show full text]
  • English and Arabic Speech Translation
    Normalization for Automated Metrics: English and Arabic Speech Translation Sherri Condon*, Gregory A. Sanders†, Dan Parvaz*, Alan Rubenstein*, Christy Doran*, John Aberdeen*, and Beatrice Oshika* *The MITRE Corporation †National Institute of Standards and Technology 7525 Colshire Drive 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8940 McLean, Virginia 22102 Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899–8940 {scondon, dparvaz, Rubenstein, cdoran, aberdeen, bea}@mitre.org / [email protected] eral different protocols and offline evaluations in Abstract which the systems process audio recordings and transcripts of interactions. Details of the The Defense Advanced Research Projects TRANSTAC evaluation methods are described in Agency (DARPA) Spoken Language Com- Weiss et al. (2008), Sanders et al. (2008) and Con- munication and Translation System for Tac- don et al. (2008). tical Use (TRANSTAC) program has Because the inputs in the offline evaluation are experimented with applying automated me- the same for each system, we can analyze transla- trics to speech translation dialogues. For trans- lations into English, BLEU, TER, and tions using automated metrics. Measures such as METEOR scores correlate well with human BiLingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU) (Papi- judgments, but scores for translation into neni et al., 2002), Translation Edit Rate (TER) Arabic correlate with human judgments less (Snover et al., 2006), and Metric for Evaluation of strongly. This paper provides evidence to sup- Translation with Explicit word Ordering port the hypothesis that automated measures (METEOR) (Banerjee and Lavie, 2005) have been of Arabic are lower due to variation and in- developed and widely used for translations of text flection in Arabic by demonstrating that nor- and broadcast material, which have very different malization operations improve correlation properties than dialog.
    [Show full text]
  • Articles Prestigious Oral Arabic As a Linguistic Model
    ASIAN AND AFRICAN STUDIES, 15, 2006, 1, 3-17 ARTICLES PRESTIGIOUS ORAL ARABIC AS A LINGUISTIC MODEL IN THE INSTRUCTION OF ARABIC Ladislav D ro zd ík Institute of Oriental Studies, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Klemensova 19, 813 64 Bratislava, Slovakia e-mail: [email protected] Prestigious Oral Arabic (POA), the substandard but nevertheless non-colloquial oral medium of the present-day Arab intellectual elite, is an unstable and highly variable linguistic entity. In structural models of very various architecture, POA or what may equal it under various names, begins to appear in the form of teaching devices designed for the instruction of a vaguely defined noncolloquial Modem Arabic. The following inquiry aims at providing a tentative clue to the identification and classification of the main structural features of this unstable linguistic entity in terms of their deviation from the synthetic norm of Standard Arabic and their representation in three different, arbitrarily selected descriptive models designed for teaching purposes. Key words: substandardness, noncolloquialness, diglossic continuum, alphabetic/nonalphabetic indicators, 7 crāZ>-less language, structural/graphical limit, cultural significance, synthetic norm of Standard Arabic. 1. The prominent unifying aspect of the emerging descriptions of the variously conceived and variously named (and even unnamed) prestigious substandard varieties of Arabic is precisely their quality of substandardness inseparably coupled with noncolloquialness. The two attributes, for all their generalness
    [Show full text]
  • Spelling Reform Anthology Edited by Newell W
    Spelling Reform Anthology edited by Newell W. Tune §4. Spelling Reforms in foreign languages. While a number of countries have made limited improvements to the spelling of their language, very few have made extensive reforms. The two most notable examples of this are Turkish and Finnish. Herein are presented those articles which are available on this subject. They might be used as examples of how we can make improvements to English spelling. They also show us the obstacles we might expect and how to overcome them. Contents 1. Jansen, Mogen, The Development of Danish Orthography. 2. Poonawalla, Ismail K, Toward Simplification of Arabic. 3. Tune, Newell, Th' Watermelon Hound. (humor). 4. Hua, Wen, On Reforming Written Chinese. 5. Weinberger, Werner, Special Problems of Hebrew Spelling Reform. 6. Hildreth, Gertrude, The Story of Spelling Reform in Turkey. 7. Hildreth, Gertrude, Adventures with the Turkish Alfabe. 8. Bonnema, Helen, Language Reform in the Netherlands. 9. Mayhew, Rob't. The Historic Portuguese Spelling Reform. In addition to the eight articles presented in this section, there are a few others which were printed in S.P.B. which could not be included because of space limitations, viz.: Kyöstiö, O.K. "Written Finnish and its Development." Summer 1973, pp11-14; Bonnema, Helen, "A Glance Toward Norway," Winter 1971, pp11-13; Chappell, John, "History of Spelling Reform in Russia," Fall 1971, pp 12-14; Van Ooston, Wim, "Spelling Reform in the Netherlands," Fall 1973, p13,15; Damsteight, B.C. "Spelling and Spelling Reform in the Netherlands," Fall 1976, pp9-16. [Spelling Reform Anthology §4.1 pp56-58 in the printed version] [Spelling Progress Bulletin Summer 1977 pp6-8 in the printed version] 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Case Studies from Turkic Vowel Harmony a Dissertation Su
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO Gradience and locality in phonology: Case studies from Turkic vowel harmony A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Linguistics by Adam McCollum Committee in Charge: Professor Sharon Rose, Chair Professor Eric Baković Professor Sarah Creel Professor Marc Garellek Professor Rachel Walker 2019 The dissertation of Adam McCollum is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Chair University of California San Diego 2019 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page ..…………………………………………………………………………………. iii Table of Contents ……………………………………………………………………………….. iv List of Abbreviations ……………………………………………………………………………. viii List of Figures …………………………………………………………………………………… ix List of Tables ……………………………………………………………………………………. xiv Acknowledgments ………………………………………………………………………………. xvii Curriculum Vita …………………………………………………………………………………. xx Abstract of the Dissertation ……………………………………………………………………… xxii Chapter 1: Introduction ………………………………………………………………………….. 1 1.1 Topics and Scope …………………………………………………………………… 1 1.2 Vowel harmony in Turkic ………………………………………………………….. 2 1.2.1 Segmental inventory ………………………………………………………
    [Show full text]
  • A Companion to Ancient Education
    A COMPANION TO ANCIENT EDUCATION BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO THE ANCIENT WORLD This series provides sophisticated and authoritative overviews of periods of ancient history, genres of classical literature, and the most important themes in ancient culture. Each volume comprises approximately twenty‐five and forty concise essays written by individual scholars within their area of specialization. The essays are written in a clear, provocative, and lively manner, designed for an international audience of scholars, students, and general readers. ANCIENT HISTORY A Companion to the Roman Army A Companion to Greek Tragedy Edited by Paul Erdkamp Edited by Justina Gregory A Companion to the Roman Republic A Companion to Latin Literature Edited by Nathan Rosenstein and Robert Morstein‐Marx Edited by Stephen Harrison A Companion to the Roman Empire A Companion to Greek and Roman Political Thought Edited by David S. Potter Edited by Ryan K. Balot A Companion to the Classical Greek World A Companion to Ovid Edited by Konrad H. Kinzl Edited by Peter E. Knox A Companion to the Ancient Near East A Companion to the Ancient Greek Language Edited by Daniel C. Snell Edited by Egbert Bakker A Companion to the Hellenistic World A Companion to Hellenistic Literature Edited by Andrew Erskine Edited by Martine Cuypers and James J. Clauss A Companion to Late Antiquity A Companion to Vergil’s Aeneid and its Tradition Edited by Philip Rousseau Edited by Joseph Farrell and Michael C. J. Putnam A Companion to Ancient History A Companion to Horace Edited by Andrew Erskine Edited by Gregson Davis A Companion to Archaic Greece A Companion to Families in the Greek and Roman Worlds Edited by Kurt A.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Meeting Handbook
    MEETING HANDBOOK LINGUISTIC SOCIETY OF AMERICA AMERICAN DIALECT SOCIETY NORTH AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE HISTORY OF THE LANGUAGE SCIENCES SOCIETY FOR PIDGIN AND CREOLE LINGUISTICS SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF THE INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES OF THE AMERICAS HILTON ATLANTA AND TOWERS HOTEL ATLANTA, GA 2-5 JANUARY 2003 Introductory Note The LSA Secretariat has prepared this Meeting Handbook to serve as the official program for the 77th Annual Meeting of the Linguistic Society of America (LSA). In addition, this handbook is the official program for the Annual Meetings of the American Dialect Society (ADS), the North American Association for the History of the Language Sciences (NAAHoLS), the Society for Pidgin and Creole Linguistics (SPCL), and the Society for the Study of the Indigenous Languages of the Americas (SSILA). We gratefully acknowledge the assistance provided by the LSA Program Committee: (John Whitman, Chair; Chris Barker; Diane Brentari; William Idsardi; Kathleen Ferrara; Catherine Ringen; Margaret Speas; and Rosalind Thornton) and the help of the following members who served as consultants to the Program Committee: Carolyn Temple Adger, Janet Bing, Betty Birner, Aaron Broadwell, Suzanne Flynn, Maya Honda, Philip LeSourd, Ceil Lucas, Amanda Miller-Ockhuizen, Reiko Mazuka, Lise Menn, Miriam Meyerhoff, Richard Rhodes and Satoshi Tomioka. We are also grateful to Tometro Hopkins (SPCL), Michael Mackert (NAAHoLS), Allan Metcalf (ADS), and Victor Golla (SSILA) for their cooperation. We appreciate the help given by the Atlanta Local Arrangements Committee co-chaired by Michael Covington and Mary Zeigler. We hope this Meeting Handbook is a useful guide for those attending, as well as a permanent record of, the 2003 Annual Meeting in Atlanta, GA.
    [Show full text]
  • The Vagaries of the Arabo-Persian Script in Ottoman-Turkish Texts
    Jan Schmidt How to write Turkish? The Vagaries of the Arabo-Persian Script in Ottoman-Turkish Texts Abstract: The chapter discusses the development of the orthography of Turkish texts in, what the Turks usually call ‘the old script’, i.e. the Arabo-Persian alphabet in its various forms as it appears in texts handwritten, printed and engraved, which were produced in the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey before 1928. 1 Turkish (Turkic) texts before the Ottomans Turkish has been written since the 8th century, perhaps even earlier, although no texts have survived from this earlier period. The first surviving texts were written in a ‘runic’ alphabet found on inscriptions in stone and on paper in Central Asia. It was based on the Aramaic alphabet in its Iranian form, possibly together with some letters adapted from the Greek (Hephtalite) alphabet, as Sir Gerard Clauson has suggested (Clauson 1970). This alphabet was in use for two centuries and was mainly employed for monumental inscriptions by local rulers who were part of the Göktürk (‘Celestial Turkish’) confederation. With the rise of the Uighur Khanate (principality) from 742, a second alpha- bet, or rather a group of alphabets, came into existence. This used a cursive script that had its origin in the cursive Sogdian script,1 which, in turn, was based on the Aramaic script. The script was mostly used for Christian, Manichaean and Bud- dhist texts. In 763, Manichaeism, spread by Sogdian preachers, was declared to be the state religion by the Uighur Khan, Bögü Kagan; after the fall of the Uighur Empire in the 840s, the Uighur Turks moved to the oases of eastern Turkestan.
    [Show full text]
  • Author Index
    Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-00866-3 - The Meroitic Language and Writing System Claude Rilly and Alex de Voogt Index More information Author Index Abdalla, A. M., 26, 133, 147 Dimmendaal, G. J., 76, 80, 156, 180, 181 Abushush, D., 78, 189 Doornbos, P., 76, 77 Armbruster, C. A., 158 Edgar, J. T., 76, 77 Bechhaus-Gerst, M., 73 Edwards, D. N., 39 Bell, H., 72, 75 Ehret, Ch., 66 Bender, M. L., 65–67, 69, 76–78, 80, 81, 86, 88, Eide, T., see Fontes Historiae Nubiorum in the 92, 189, 194, 196, 211, 214, 216–218, 222, Subject Index 223 Endesfelder, E., 237, 239 Berger-El Naggar, C., 236 Erman, A., 5, 6 Böhm, G., 42, 106, 107, 113 Bolten, A., 232 Fattovitch, R., 80 Bonnet, C., 179 Fernea, R. A., 70 Bossong, G., 156 Fleming, H., 90 Botne, R. D., 232 Fuller, D. Q., 39 Boyeldieu, P., 86–88 Browne, G. M., 75, 103, 104, 111, 153, Ganslmayr, E., 239 156, 158 Gardiner, A. H., 57 Brugsch, H. K., 3, 138 Garstang, J., 234, 238 Bryan, M. A., 156 Godlewski, W., 238 Bubenzer, O., 232 Greenberg, J. H., 4, 64, 66, 69, 86, 89, 114, 136 Bynon, J., 239 Griffith, Francis Ll., 3, 4, 10–12, 14, 15, 18–20, 23, 24, 26–29, 31, 32, 34–36, 38–42, 44, 47, Caire, J. E., 232 48, 52, 57, 60, 62–65, 75, 104, 106–108, 112, Carrier, C., 171 114–117, 120, 122, 125, 134, 138–140, 149, Clarysse, W., 125 150, 152, 154, 166, 167 Claudi, U., 150, 151 Comrie, B., 135 Hainsworth, M., 42, 45, 60, 137 Creissels, D., 114, 117, 136 Hallof, J., 57, 60, 101 Haycock, B.
    [Show full text]
  • Tlo£Fo9l)J> in Sunni THEOLOGY
    A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF BIBLE OF BARNABAS AND FOUR TRADITIONAL GOSPELS ABSTRACT THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF Bottor of $()tlo£fo9l)j> IN SUNNi THEOLOGY BY SALILA MAHAMAD Under the Supervision of DR. ABDUL KHALIQUE DEPARTMENT OF SUNNI THEOLOGY ALIGARH MUSLIIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH (INDIA) 2009 ABSTRACT A Comparative Study of Bible of Barnabas and Four Traditional Gospels Today, there are three major religions on the earth that believe in the existence of a single God or Creator: Judaism, Christianity and Islam. The followers of the two great religions in the world, that is,Christianity arid Islam, have two books that are supposed to be "the words of God." The-holy book of the" Christians is the Bible, Kitab-i muqaddas (holy book). This book consists of two main parts: Old Testament, namely the Torah (Tawrat) Tlie Nebeim and the Khetubeim, and the New Testament, the Injils (The Gospels Acts of Apostles, the Letters of Disciples, or Missionaries to churches communities. Individuals and the Revelation). The holy book of the Muslims is the Holy Qur'an al-karim. The Bible is the Holy Book of the Jews and the Christians while the Old Testament belong to Jews, the New Testament belong to Christians. However, Christian believe on accept both the Old Testament and New Testament as divine, but the Jews reject the New Testament, which was written and collected after the death of Jesus Christ (PBUH) by Jewish apostles turned to Christianity. In the New Testament, there are Four Traditional Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke and John) which are generally accepted by Christians but there is one, the Gospel of Barnabas, which is not accepted by most of Christians, because the Gospel of Barnabas was traced after the Four Traditional Gospels and there are many things not same and opposed to the Four Traditional Gospels.
    [Show full text]