Author Index

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Author Index Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-00866-3 - The Meroitic Language and Writing System Claude Rilly and Alex de Voogt Index More information Author Index Abdalla, A. M., 26, 133, 147 Dimmendaal, G. J., 76, 80, 156, 180, 181 Abushush, D., 78, 189 Doornbos, P., 76, 77 Armbruster, C. A., 158 Edgar, J. T., 76, 77 Bechhaus-Gerst, M., 73 Edwards, D. N., 39 Bell, H., 72, 75 Ehret, Ch., 66 Bender, M. L., 65–67, 69, 76–78, 80, 81, 86, 88, Eide, T., see Fontes Historiae Nubiorum in the 92, 189, 194, 196, 211, 214, 216–218, 222, Subject Index 223 Endesfelder, E., 237, 239 Berger-El Naggar, C., 236 Erman, A., 5, 6 Böhm, G., 42, 106, 107, 113 Bolten, A., 232 Fattovitch, R., 80 Bonnet, C., 179 Fernea, R. A., 70 Bossong, G., 156 Fleming, H., 90 Botne, R. D., 232 Fuller, D. Q., 39 Boyeldieu, P., 86–88 Browne, G. M., 75, 103, 104, 111, 153, Ganslmayr, E., 239 156, 158 Gardiner, A. H., 57 Brugsch, H. K., 3, 138 Garstang, J., 234, 238 Bryan, M. A., 156 Godlewski, W., 238 Bubenzer, O., 232 Greenberg, J. H., 4, 64, 66, 69, 86, 89, 114, 136 Bynon, J., 239 Griffith, Francis Ll., 3, 4, 10–12, 14, 15, 18–20, 23, 24, 26–29, 31, 32, 34–36, 38–42, 44, 47, Caire, J. E., 232 48, 52, 57, 60, 62–65, 75, 104, 106–108, 112, Carrier, C., 171 114–117, 120, 122, 125, 134, 138–140, 149, Clarysse, W., 125 150, 152, 154, 166, 167 Claudi, U., 150, 151 Comrie, B., 135 Hainsworth, M., 42, 45, 60, 137 Creissels, D., 114, 117, 136 Hallof, J., 57, 60, 101 Haycock, B. G., 42 Darius, F., 232 Hayward, R. J., 78, 189 de Voogt, A. J., 36, 81 Heine, B., 150, 151 Der Manuelian, P., 237 Hess, J. J., 74 Dihoff, I. R., 234 Heyler, A., 4, 11, 14, 16, 60, 113, 152, 169 241 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-00866-3 - The Meroitic Language and Writing System Claude Rilly and Alex de Voogt Index More information 242 Author Index Hintze, F., 1, 4, 12, 14–16, 22, 23, 29, 35, 36, Randall-Mac Iver, D., 234 40–43, 62, 65, 106, 107, 111, 116, 122, 126, Reinisch, L., 65 127, 139, 142, 143, 145, 147, 151, 166, 167, Reisner, G. A., 23 169–171 Rilly, C., 25, 29, 31, 32, 34, 38, 39, 48, 56, 60, 64, Hofmann, I., 4–6, 12, 15, 19, 26, 27, 29, 31, 40, 73, 78, 90, 97, 100, 103–105, 107, 131, 140, 42, 43, 47, 52, 109, 111, 127, 132, 134, 142, 147, 155, 162, 171, 179, 180, 189 143, 151–153, 162, 167, 171 Rowan, K., 9 Hohenwart-Gerlachstein, A., 71 Honegger, M., 176 Sayce, A. H., 3 Schadeberg, T., 73, 81 Idris, H. F., 72 Schäfer, H., 64, 75 Schenkel, W., 152, 167, 169, 171 Jakobi, A., 74, 92, 93, 158, 191, 193, 198, 202, Schmidt, K., 64, 75 220, 221, 225 Schuchardt, H., 35 Jungraithmayr, H., 239 Stevenson, R. C., 73, 74, 80, 90, 156 Kibbee, D., 231 Thelwall, R. E., 70, 72, 73, 81, 100 Koenig, Y., 5 Thompson, E. D., 78, 79, 189 Török, L., 8, 16, 109, 187 Łajtar, A., 238 Trigger, B. G., 4, 14, 16, 45, 60, 64, 65, 133, 152, Leclant, J., 4, 10, 143 169 Lenoble, P., 29 Tucker, A. N., 77, 89, 156 Lepsius, R. C., 3, 23, 35, 65 van der Veken, G., 125 Macadam, M. F. L., 110, 111 Vercoutter, J., 239 MacMichael, H. A., 72, 95, 100 Vernus, P., 5 Meinhof, C., 4, 15, 42, 107, 116, 139, 167 Vila, A., 234 Millet, N. B., 16, 34, 57, 70, 132, 135, 143, 149, Voogt, A. J. de, see de Voogt 161, 162, 171, 174, 212, 224 Vycichl, W., 107, 108, 153 Mills, A. J., 237 Müller, D. G., 233 Wanner, D., 231 Wenig, S., 231, 236, 240 Newbold, D., 75 Werner, R., 72, 156, 158, 164 Newman, P., 232 Wolf, P., 102 Nurse, D., 231, 235 Woolley, L., 234 Pestman, P. W., 125, 126 Zawadowski, Y., 106 Peust, C., 42 Zibelius-Chen, K., 6, 42 Posener, G., 5 Zyhlarz, E., 4, 15, 35, 42, 65, 73, 75, 111, 120, Priese, K.-H., 11, 28, 40, 42, 43, 116, 121, 123, 143 139, 160, 162 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-00866-3 - The Meroitic Language and Writing System Claude Rilly and Alex de Voogt Index More information Subject Index Abaton, 160, 161, 186 alphasyllabary, 7, 35, 36 abbreviation, 137 alternation, 94, 95, 111, 113, 116, 119, 121, 126, Abratoye, 16, 32, 57, 108, 110, 118, 119, 123, 127, 205 127, 171, see also viceroy Alwa, see Alodia absentmindedness, 47, see also error Ama, 80, 81, 176, see also Nyimang abstract noun, 97, 144, see also nominal Amanirenas, 30, 141, 188 phrase Amanishakheto, 30, 57, 134, 162, 172, 188 abugida, see alphasyllabary Amara, 2, 51, 185 abundant, 21–26, 28, 29, 39, 45, 46, 106, 116, ambassador, 6 128, 144, 152, 184 ambiguity, 8, 36, 57, 115, 126, 132 accusative, 28, 156–158, 207, 215, 227, 230 Amesemi, 185 acoustic, 9, 122, 127, 183 amulet, see oracle acoustic ambiguity, 115, see also ambiguity amuletic, see oracular amuletic decree adjective, 13, 18–29, 39, 45, 65, 91, 97, 135–138, Amun, Amun-Ra, temple of, 1, 6, 12, 34, 43, 44, 142–146, 152, 160, 165, 169 51, 101–104, 108, 123, 124, 133, 134, 136, administrative, 6, 34 145, 149–151, 162, 185 adverb, adverbial modifier, 136, 160 Amun of Luxor, 108, 120, 121, 185 aesthetics, 48 analogy, 65, 131, 207, 218, see also articulatory Aethiopica, 111 analogy affix, 13, 21, 24, 26, 27, 137, 145, 149, 160 analytic genitive, 135, 137, 139, 142, 147–152, Afitti, 80, 81, 96, 175, 176, 232 157, 159, 162, 166, 167 African languages, 3, 4, 36, 64, 92, 94, 107, 110, anaphore, 135 113, 114, 150, 151, 181 ancestry, shared, 64 Afro-Asiatic, 64–66, 90 animal, 26, 92, 93, 95, 101, 102, 176, 180, 181, agglutinative, 63, 134 183, 213, 225, see also fauna agricultural, 72, 174 animate, 156 airflow, 117 anteposition, 64, 146 Ajang, 73, 81 Apedemak 3, 5, 33, 102, 156, 168, 185, Akinidad, 30, 31, 188 see also creator (god), lion god alienable, 150, 151, 157, 166 apical, 107–111, 114, 119–122 Alodia, Alwa, Kingdom of, 3, 79 apico-alveolar, 112 alphabet, 35, 36 apico-dental, 112 Coptic 74 apposition, 14, 18, 138, 144–148 Old Nubian 8 approximant, 10, 117–119, 122 243 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-00866-3 - The Meroitic Language and Writing System Claude Rilly and Alex de Voogt Index More information 244 Subject Index Arab ancestry, 70 Bergnubisch, 73, see also Kordofan Nubian tribe, 73, 180 Bible, 137 Arabic, 69, 72, 75, 88 Hebrew, 66 Chad, 76 bilabial, 107–109, 113, 114, 120, 122 Classical, 66, 176 Bion of Soles, 111, 120 Sudanese, 81, 84, 89, 176 Birgid, Birked, 72, 73, 91, 92, 95, 100, 104, 175, Arabic loanword, 102, 176, 189, 194, 197, 204, 181, 191, 203, 206, 207, 215–217, 219, 224, 210, 216, 224 227 archaeology, 9, 10, 52, 62, 80, 177–179, 181 Blemmyes, 80, 199 archaic, 8, 19, 21, 22, 25, 28, 37, 46, 47, 49, 52, blind, 140, 141, 191 53, 103, 154 Book of the Dead, 6, 109, 114, 131 Aritene, 23, 134, 185, 188 Brahmi, 7 Arminna, 2, 11, 14, 16, 23, 25, 27, 28, 30, 45, 46, bread, 19, 21, 22, 28, 45, 94, 142, 176, 183 112, 120, 121, 153, 185 bronze, 33 article brother, 1, 13, 78, 100, 133, 135, 143, 147, 185, definite/indefinite, 21, 42, 138, 139, 141, 148 202, 203, 224 Egyptian, 9, 109, 134 bull, 93, 174, 185, 225, see also cow Tama, 140 Byzantine, 3 articulatory analogy, 106 articulatory process, 126 Caesar, 9, 41, 115, 119, 123, 149 Aspelta, 6, 187 Cailliaud, Frédéric, 3 aspiration, 120 Candace, 30, 41, 42, 45, 46, 106, 110, 121, 123, assimilation, 8, 20, 22, 26, 29, 41, 65, 92, 98, 125, 141, 150, 172, 183, 187 103, 116, 121, 139, 148, 154, 161, 162, 167, cartouche, 54 170, 171 case system/marker, 136, 140, 142, 156–158, Assyrians, 2 160, 162 Aswan, 1, 2, 25, 63, 69–71, 178, 179 cataract, 1, 2, 16, 30 Dam, 4, 70 ceramic, 10, 34, 179 auxiliary factitive, 196, 200, 209 herringbone, 177 form, 136 ceremony, 29, 51 predicate, 137 Chad, 67–69, 71, 76, 77, 83, 85, 86, verb, 98 88, 175–178 axis of a sign, 50, see also ductus child, 6, 13, 15, 46, 47, 93–95, 97, 100, 135, 145, Axum, Kingdom of, Axumite, 3, 79 146, 152, 154, 184, 199, 202, 203, 208, 219, 224 Ballana, 2, 11, 47 Christianity, Christianization, 3, 67, 74, 75, 79, Bantu, 65, 66, 88, 114 179, see also Alodia; Makuria; Nobadia Barentu, 71, 78, 79, 88 chronology, 18, 30, 51, 52, 128, 155, 178–180, Barya, Barea, 3, 78, 79, 231, 238, see also 232, 235, 236, 238 Nara Chrysostom, 75, 141 basin, 55, 177, 178 clan, 17, 81, 89, see also social group Bedewi, 46, 121, 126, 138, 142, 145, 150, 161, clay, 104, 209 185, see also Meroe clause, see nominal phrase; nonverbal; Begrawwiya, 29 presentative construction Beja, 3, 63, 107, 111, 114, 199, 204, 218 cluster, 7, 41–44 Beke the Young, Bekeme, Bekemete, 132, 133 coda, 41 beneficiary, see dative cognate, 76, 77, 81, 92, 93, 95–98, 102–104, 140, Berber, 5 189 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-00866-3 - The Meroitic Language and Writing System Claude Rilly and Alex de Voogt Index More information 245 Subject Index collective, 104, 154, 193, 202, 208, 213, dates, absence of dates in texts, 51 216, 217, 222, see also plural of nouns; dating of text, see paleography singulative dative, verbal dative, dative suffix, 18, 20–22, colonization, 1, 131 24, 26, 28, 29, 100, 154, 156–158, 160, 162, colored vowel, 128 167, 168, 170, 206, 207, 215 commemoration, 13, 15, 29, 33 Dead, see Book of the Dead commercial, 6, 34 decipherment, 3, 4, 48, 62, 64, 75, 106, 138, comparative method/research, 63, 66, 90, 132, 238 see also philological method; structural decree, see oracular amuletic decree analysis defective script/alphabet, 35 comparison, 3, 4, 31, 48, 51, 64, 65, 67, 77, 90, delabialization, 104, see also labial, 96, 101, 104, 106, 108, 122, 127, 128, 162, labialization 189 demarcation, 143 computer, programming, 4, 171 Democratic Republic
Recommended publications
  • Evaluation of 2-Way Iraqi Arabic–English Speech Translation Systems Using Automated Metrics
    Mach Translat (2012) 26:159–176 DOI 10.1007/s10590-011-9105-x Evaluation of 2-way Iraqi Arabic–English speech translation systems using automated metrics Sherri Condon · Mark Arehart · Dan Parvaz · Gregory Sanders · Christy Doran · John Aberdeen Received: 12 July 2010 / Accepted: 9 August 2011 / Published online: 22 September 2011 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011 Abstract The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Spoken Language Communication and Translation System for Tactical Use (TRANSTAC) program (http://1.usa.gov/transtac) faced many challenges in applying automated measures of translation quality to Iraqi Arabic–English speech translation dialogues. Features of speech data in general and of Iraqi Arabic data in particular undermine basic assumptions of automated measures that depend on matching system outputs to refer- ence translations. These features are described along with the challenges they present for evaluating machine translation quality using automated metrics. We show that scores for translation into Iraqi Arabic exhibit higher correlations with human judg- ments when they are computed from normalized system outputs and reference trans- lations. Orthographic normalization, lexical normalization, and operations involving light stemming resulted in higher correlations with human judgments. Approved for Public Release: 11-0118. Distribution Unlimited. The views expressed are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. Some of the material in this article was originally presented at the Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (LREC) 2008 in Marrakesh, Morocco and at the 2009 MT Summit XII in Ottawa, Canada. S. Condon (B) · M.
    [Show full text]
  • Download 1 File
    Strokes and Hairlines Elegant Writing and its Place in Muslim Book Culture Adam Gacek Strokes and Hairlines Elegant Writing and its Place in Muslim Book Culture An Exhibition in Celebration of the 60th Anniversary of The Institute of Islamic Studies, McGill University February 11– June 30, 2013 McLennan Library Building Lobby Curated by Adam Gacek On the front cover: folio 1a from MS Rare Books and Special Collections AC156; for a description of and another illustration from the same manuscript see p.28. On the back cover: photograph of Morrice Hall from Islamic Studies Library archives Copyright © 2013 McGill University Library ISBN 978-1-77096-209-5 3 Contents Foreword ..............................................................................................5 Introduction ........................................................................................7 Case 1a: The Qurʾan ............................................................................9 Case 1b: Scripts and Hands ..............................................................17 Case 2a: Calligraphers’ Diplomas ...................................................25 Case 2b: The Alif and Other Letterforms .......................................33 Case 3a: Calligraphy and Painted Decoration ...............................41 Case 3b: Writing Implements .........................................................49 To a Fledgling Calligrapher .............................................................57 A Scribe’s Lament .............................................................................58
    [Show full text]
  • Creating Standards
    Creating Standards Unauthenticated Download Date | 6/17/19 6:48 PM Studies in Manuscript Cultures Edited by Michael Friedrich Harunaga Isaacson Jörg B. Quenzer Volume 16 Unauthenticated Download Date | 6/17/19 6:48 PM Creating Standards Interactions with Arabic Script in 12 Manuscript Cultures Edited by Dmitry Bondarev Alessandro Gori Lameen Souag Unauthenticated Download Date | 6/17/19 6:48 PM ISBN 978-3-11-063498-3 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-063906-3 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-063508-9 ISSN 2365-9696 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Library of Congress Control Number: 2019935659 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2019 Dmitry Bondarev, Alessandro Gori, Lameen Souag, published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck www.degruyter.com Unauthenticated Download Date | 6/17/19 6:48 PM Contents The Editors Preface VII Transliteration of Arabic and some Arabic-based Script Graphemes used in this Volume (including Persian and Malay) IX Dmitry Bondarev Introduction: Orthographic Polyphony in Arabic Script 1 Paola Orsatti Persian Language in Arabic Script: The Formation of the Orthographic Standard and the Different Graphic Traditions of Iran in the First Centuries of
    [Show full text]
  • English and Arabic Speech Translation
    Normalization for Automated Metrics: English and Arabic Speech Translation Sherri Condon*, Gregory A. Sanders†, Dan Parvaz*, Alan Rubenstein*, Christy Doran*, John Aberdeen*, and Beatrice Oshika* *The MITRE Corporation †National Institute of Standards and Technology 7525 Colshire Drive 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8940 McLean, Virginia 22102 Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899–8940 {scondon, dparvaz, Rubenstein, cdoran, aberdeen, bea}@mitre.org / [email protected] eral different protocols and offline evaluations in Abstract which the systems process audio recordings and transcripts of interactions. Details of the The Defense Advanced Research Projects TRANSTAC evaluation methods are described in Agency (DARPA) Spoken Language Com- Weiss et al. (2008), Sanders et al. (2008) and Con- munication and Translation System for Tac- don et al. (2008). tical Use (TRANSTAC) program has Because the inputs in the offline evaluation are experimented with applying automated me- the same for each system, we can analyze transla- trics to speech translation dialogues. For trans- lations into English, BLEU, TER, and tions using automated metrics. Measures such as METEOR scores correlate well with human BiLingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU) (Papi- judgments, but scores for translation into neni et al., 2002), Translation Edit Rate (TER) Arabic correlate with human judgments less (Snover et al., 2006), and Metric for Evaluation of strongly. This paper provides evidence to sup- Translation with Explicit word Ordering port the hypothesis that automated measures (METEOR) (Banerjee and Lavie, 2005) have been of Arabic are lower due to variation and in- developed and widely used for translations of text flection in Arabic by demonstrating that nor- and broadcast material, which have very different malization operations improve correlation properties than dialog.
    [Show full text]
  • Articles Prestigious Oral Arabic As a Linguistic Model
    ASIAN AND AFRICAN STUDIES, 15, 2006, 1, 3-17 ARTICLES PRESTIGIOUS ORAL ARABIC AS A LINGUISTIC MODEL IN THE INSTRUCTION OF ARABIC Ladislav D ro zd ík Institute of Oriental Studies, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Klemensova 19, 813 64 Bratislava, Slovakia e-mail: [email protected] Prestigious Oral Arabic (POA), the substandard but nevertheless non-colloquial oral medium of the present-day Arab intellectual elite, is an unstable and highly variable linguistic entity. In structural models of very various architecture, POA or what may equal it under various names, begins to appear in the form of teaching devices designed for the instruction of a vaguely defined noncolloquial Modem Arabic. The following inquiry aims at providing a tentative clue to the identification and classification of the main structural features of this unstable linguistic entity in terms of their deviation from the synthetic norm of Standard Arabic and their representation in three different, arbitrarily selected descriptive models designed for teaching purposes. Key words: substandardness, noncolloquialness, diglossic continuum, alphabetic/nonalphabetic indicators, 7 crāZ>-less language, structural/graphical limit, cultural significance, synthetic norm of Standard Arabic. 1. The prominent unifying aspect of the emerging descriptions of the variously conceived and variously named (and even unnamed) prestigious substandard varieties of Arabic is precisely their quality of substandardness inseparably coupled with noncolloquialness. The two attributes, for all their generalness
    [Show full text]
  • Spelling Reform Anthology Edited by Newell W
    Spelling Reform Anthology edited by Newell W. Tune §4. Spelling Reforms in foreign languages. While a number of countries have made limited improvements to the spelling of their language, very few have made extensive reforms. The two most notable examples of this are Turkish and Finnish. Herein are presented those articles which are available on this subject. They might be used as examples of how we can make improvements to English spelling. They also show us the obstacles we might expect and how to overcome them. Contents 1. Jansen, Mogen, The Development of Danish Orthography. 2. Poonawalla, Ismail K, Toward Simplification of Arabic. 3. Tune, Newell, Th' Watermelon Hound. (humor). 4. Hua, Wen, On Reforming Written Chinese. 5. Weinberger, Werner, Special Problems of Hebrew Spelling Reform. 6. Hildreth, Gertrude, The Story of Spelling Reform in Turkey. 7. Hildreth, Gertrude, Adventures with the Turkish Alfabe. 8. Bonnema, Helen, Language Reform in the Netherlands. 9. Mayhew, Rob't. The Historic Portuguese Spelling Reform. In addition to the eight articles presented in this section, there are a few others which were printed in S.P.B. which could not be included because of space limitations, viz.: Kyöstiö, O.K. "Written Finnish and its Development." Summer 1973, pp11-14; Bonnema, Helen, "A Glance Toward Norway," Winter 1971, pp11-13; Chappell, John, "History of Spelling Reform in Russia," Fall 1971, pp 12-14; Van Ooston, Wim, "Spelling Reform in the Netherlands," Fall 1973, p13,15; Damsteight, B.C. "Spelling and Spelling Reform in the Netherlands," Fall 1976, pp9-16. [Spelling Reform Anthology §4.1 pp56-58 in the printed version] [Spelling Progress Bulletin Summer 1977 pp6-8 in the printed version] 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Case Studies from Turkic Vowel Harmony a Dissertation Su
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO Gradience and locality in phonology: Case studies from Turkic vowel harmony A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Linguistics by Adam McCollum Committee in Charge: Professor Sharon Rose, Chair Professor Eric Baković Professor Sarah Creel Professor Marc Garellek Professor Rachel Walker 2019 The dissertation of Adam McCollum is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Chair University of California San Diego 2019 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page ..…………………………………………………………………………………. iii Table of Contents ……………………………………………………………………………….. iv List of Abbreviations ……………………………………………………………………………. viii List of Figures …………………………………………………………………………………… ix List of Tables ……………………………………………………………………………………. xiv Acknowledgments ………………………………………………………………………………. xvii Curriculum Vita …………………………………………………………………………………. xx Abstract of the Dissertation ……………………………………………………………………… xxii Chapter 1: Introduction ………………………………………………………………………….. 1 1.1 Topics and Scope …………………………………………………………………… 1 1.2 Vowel harmony in Turkic ………………………………………………………….. 2 1.2.1 Segmental inventory ………………………………………………………
    [Show full text]
  • A Companion to Ancient Education
    A COMPANION TO ANCIENT EDUCATION BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO THE ANCIENT WORLD This series provides sophisticated and authoritative overviews of periods of ancient history, genres of classical literature, and the most important themes in ancient culture. Each volume comprises approximately twenty‐five and forty concise essays written by individual scholars within their area of specialization. The essays are written in a clear, provocative, and lively manner, designed for an international audience of scholars, students, and general readers. ANCIENT HISTORY A Companion to the Roman Army A Companion to Greek Tragedy Edited by Paul Erdkamp Edited by Justina Gregory A Companion to the Roman Republic A Companion to Latin Literature Edited by Nathan Rosenstein and Robert Morstein‐Marx Edited by Stephen Harrison A Companion to the Roman Empire A Companion to Greek and Roman Political Thought Edited by David S. Potter Edited by Ryan K. Balot A Companion to the Classical Greek World A Companion to Ovid Edited by Konrad H. Kinzl Edited by Peter E. Knox A Companion to the Ancient Near East A Companion to the Ancient Greek Language Edited by Daniel C. Snell Edited by Egbert Bakker A Companion to the Hellenistic World A Companion to Hellenistic Literature Edited by Andrew Erskine Edited by Martine Cuypers and James J. Clauss A Companion to Late Antiquity A Companion to Vergil’s Aeneid and its Tradition Edited by Philip Rousseau Edited by Joseph Farrell and Michael C. J. Putnam A Companion to Ancient History A Companion to Horace Edited by Andrew Erskine Edited by Gregson Davis A Companion to Archaic Greece A Companion to Families in the Greek and Roman Worlds Edited by Kurt A.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Meeting Handbook
    MEETING HANDBOOK LINGUISTIC SOCIETY OF AMERICA AMERICAN DIALECT SOCIETY NORTH AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE HISTORY OF THE LANGUAGE SCIENCES SOCIETY FOR PIDGIN AND CREOLE LINGUISTICS SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF THE INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES OF THE AMERICAS HILTON ATLANTA AND TOWERS HOTEL ATLANTA, GA 2-5 JANUARY 2003 Introductory Note The LSA Secretariat has prepared this Meeting Handbook to serve as the official program for the 77th Annual Meeting of the Linguistic Society of America (LSA). In addition, this handbook is the official program for the Annual Meetings of the American Dialect Society (ADS), the North American Association for the History of the Language Sciences (NAAHoLS), the Society for Pidgin and Creole Linguistics (SPCL), and the Society for the Study of the Indigenous Languages of the Americas (SSILA). We gratefully acknowledge the assistance provided by the LSA Program Committee: (John Whitman, Chair; Chris Barker; Diane Brentari; William Idsardi; Kathleen Ferrara; Catherine Ringen; Margaret Speas; and Rosalind Thornton) and the help of the following members who served as consultants to the Program Committee: Carolyn Temple Adger, Janet Bing, Betty Birner, Aaron Broadwell, Suzanne Flynn, Maya Honda, Philip LeSourd, Ceil Lucas, Amanda Miller-Ockhuizen, Reiko Mazuka, Lise Menn, Miriam Meyerhoff, Richard Rhodes and Satoshi Tomioka. We are also grateful to Tometro Hopkins (SPCL), Michael Mackert (NAAHoLS), Allan Metcalf (ADS), and Victor Golla (SSILA) for their cooperation. We appreciate the help given by the Atlanta Local Arrangements Committee co-chaired by Michael Covington and Mary Zeigler. We hope this Meeting Handbook is a useful guide for those attending, as well as a permanent record of, the 2003 Annual Meeting in Atlanta, GA.
    [Show full text]
  • The Vagaries of the Arabo-Persian Script in Ottoman-Turkish Texts
    Jan Schmidt How to write Turkish? The Vagaries of the Arabo-Persian Script in Ottoman-Turkish Texts Abstract: The chapter discusses the development of the orthography of Turkish texts in, what the Turks usually call ‘the old script’, i.e. the Arabo-Persian alphabet in its various forms as it appears in texts handwritten, printed and engraved, which were produced in the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey before 1928. 1 Turkish (Turkic) texts before the Ottomans Turkish has been written since the 8th century, perhaps even earlier, although no texts have survived from this earlier period. The first surviving texts were written in a ‘runic’ alphabet found on inscriptions in stone and on paper in Central Asia. It was based on the Aramaic alphabet in its Iranian form, possibly together with some letters adapted from the Greek (Hephtalite) alphabet, as Sir Gerard Clauson has suggested (Clauson 1970). This alphabet was in use for two centuries and was mainly employed for monumental inscriptions by local rulers who were part of the Göktürk (‘Celestial Turkish’) confederation. With the rise of the Uighur Khanate (principality) from 742, a second alpha- bet, or rather a group of alphabets, came into existence. This used a cursive script that had its origin in the cursive Sogdian script,1 which, in turn, was based on the Aramaic script. The script was mostly used for Christian, Manichaean and Bud- dhist texts. In 763, Manichaeism, spread by Sogdian preachers, was declared to be the state religion by the Uighur Khan, Bögü Kagan; after the fall of the Uighur Empire in the 840s, the Uighur Turks moved to the oases of eastern Turkestan.
    [Show full text]
  • Tlo£Fo9l)J> in Sunni THEOLOGY
    A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF BIBLE OF BARNABAS AND FOUR TRADITIONAL GOSPELS ABSTRACT THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF Bottor of $()tlo£fo9l)j> IN SUNNi THEOLOGY BY SALILA MAHAMAD Under the Supervision of DR. ABDUL KHALIQUE DEPARTMENT OF SUNNI THEOLOGY ALIGARH MUSLIIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH (INDIA) 2009 ABSTRACT A Comparative Study of Bible of Barnabas and Four Traditional Gospels Today, there are three major religions on the earth that believe in the existence of a single God or Creator: Judaism, Christianity and Islam. The followers of the two great religions in the world, that is,Christianity arid Islam, have two books that are supposed to be "the words of God." The-holy book of the" Christians is the Bible, Kitab-i muqaddas (holy book). This book consists of two main parts: Old Testament, namely the Torah (Tawrat) Tlie Nebeim and the Khetubeim, and the New Testament, the Injils (The Gospels Acts of Apostles, the Letters of Disciples, or Missionaries to churches communities. Individuals and the Revelation). The holy book of the Muslims is the Holy Qur'an al-karim. The Bible is the Holy Book of the Jews and the Christians while the Old Testament belong to Jews, the New Testament belong to Christians. However, Christian believe on accept both the Old Testament and New Testament as divine, but the Jews reject the New Testament, which was written and collected after the death of Jesus Christ (PBUH) by Jewish apostles turned to Christianity. In the New Testament, there are Four Traditional Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke and John) which are generally accepted by Christians but there is one, the Gospel of Barnabas, which is not accepted by most of Christians, because the Gospel of Barnabas was traced after the Four Traditional Gospels and there are many things not same and opposed to the Four Traditional Gospels.
    [Show full text]
  • Syllabic Writing System Pdf
    Syllabic writing system pdf Continue A set of written symbols that represent syllables or swamps that make up spoken words. Writing Systems History Grapheme List of Written Systems Types Alphabet Abjad (Impure Abjad) Abugida Syllabary Semi-Complex Logography Logophonic (Logosyllabary, Logoconsonantal) Short Featural Related Topics Pictogram Ideogram vte In Linguistic Study of Written Languages, sillabarium is a set of written symbols that are a set of written symbols that are a symbol in the syllabic program, usually a (optional) consonant sound (simple beginning), followed by a vowel sound (core), i.e. a CV or V syllable, but other phonographic maps such as CVC, CV-tone and C (usually nasal at the end of syllables) are also in the syllables. Types Each syllable (σ) branch in consonant beginnings (i) and rime (i) which is divided into kernels (yap.) and code (yap.), non-/over-segmental parameters such as tone (I) affect the syllable of the whole writing system using a syllable completed when it covers all syllables in the appropriate conversational language, without requiring complex reographic/graphemic rules like implicit codes (⟨C1V⟩ ⇒/C1VC2/) quiet vowels (⟨C1V1-C2V2⟩ ⇒/C1V1C2/) or echo vowels (⟨C1V1-C2V1⟩ ⇒/). This is poorly matched by fine spelling in alphabetical writing systems. (quote is necessary) True syllables are those that cover all parts of the syllable, i.e. the original beginning, the media core and the final code, but from the beginning and the code are optional, at least in some languages, there are middle (core), the beginning (beginning of the core), the end (core code) and the full (beginning of the core) true sillabograms.
    [Show full text]