June 15, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17889 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS UNIQUE AND SUCCESSFUL SCHOOL underprivileged youngsters. I'm happy to How niuch is that in dollars? At the aver­ PROGRAM IN PHILADELPHIA report that there is a first class demonstra­ age fuel oil price over the past five years of tion project now running in Camden County. 43 cents per gallon, actual monetary savings It has taken six years to move EBCE from would have been $29.5 billion. At current conception to wholesale adoption. I only prices of 50 cents per gallon, those savings HON. JOSHUA EILBERG point this out because we need to remind would be $6.8 billion per year. OF PENNSYLVANIA ourselves that research and development Every month we continue to delay in en­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES demands sustained, programmatic, long-term acting the tax credit, more and more of our efforts. It's then that, as in the case of energy resources and national wealth dis­ Thursday, June 15, 1978 EBCE, it pays off.e appears. And we have more and more In­ • Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, just re­ flation because the increased cost of .energy cently my colleagues and I from Phila­ plays a big part in the increased cost of liv­ delphia enjoyed a luncheon meeting with ing. The meter is running in more ways than representatives of Research for Better LET US NOT FORGET THE ENERGY one.e Schools, Inc., a private, nonprofit organi­ TAX CREDIT zation dedicated to research and devel­ opment in the field of education. VIOLATIONS OF HUMAN RIGHTS During the course of the luncheon, HON. JOHN P. MURTHA Gustave G. Amsterdam, a leading Phila­ OF PENNSYLVANIA HON. ALVIN BALDUS delphia businessman and civic figure, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF WISCONSIN and a board member of Research for Thursday, June 15, 1978 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Better Schools, shared with us the re­ sults of RBS's work, particularly as it • Mr. MURTHA. Mr. Speaker, as the Thursday, June 15, 1978 relates to the involvement of the busi­ vital debate on the National Energy Plan e Mr. BALDUS. Mr. Speaker, Sister ness community with secondary educa­ continues, most of our attention has been Mary O'Keefe, who has often expressed tion. directed to the controversial parts of the her concern to me on issues relating to plan. Certainly, however, we cannot af­ U.S. development policies, brought this I offer Mr. Amsterdam's comments for ford to forget some of the items with the RECORD, Mr. Speaker, because they article from the June 1, 1978, edition of wide appeal. On.e of those items the Na­ the Tablet, a publication of the Roman demonstrate how the right combination tion needs is the energy tax credit. of determination and innovation can re­ Catholic diocese of Brooklyn, to my at­ sult in a successful educational program: Located in the district I represent is tention. She requested that I insert it in UNIQUE AND SUCCESSFUL SCHOOL PROGRAM IN Season-all Industries which is the Na­ the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD and I am PHILADELPHIA tion's largest producer of private storm pleased to comply. As many of you know, I reported to our doors and windows. I want to insert into While the incidents cited in this ar­ congressional delegation four years ago about the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD a statement ticle may be repugnant to our beliefs an RBS attempt to alter secondary education of facts prepared by the corporation's about an individual's freedom and rights, in Philadelphia so that about one-third of board chairman, Mr. Frank Gorell. The the article points to a broader, serious the high school student's time was spent in statement points out how vital this problem, about which a dialog needs to the world of work. This program, known as credit can be in saving eMrgy and con­ be encouraged. This problem is the fre­ Experience-Based Career Education (EBCE), trolling inflation. is the most successful career education pro­ quent violation of human rights by gov­ gram now operating in the city. I believe it must be a part of the final ernments in the third world. The di­ As I pointed out, one-third of the student's energy plan, and I insert for your infor­ lemma is that the United States pursues time, beginning in ninth grade, is spent in mation the following figures: development policies aimed at meeting career exploration and/ or career specializa­ STATEMENT BY MR . FRANK GORELL, CHAIRMAN the basic human needs of the poorest tion activities within a whole host of busi­ OF THE BOARD, SEASON-ALL INDUSTRIES majority in developing countries. In the ness, commercial, and industrial enterprises. The lack of an energy conservation tax eyes of those in power in developing na­ Students have an opportunity to take a look credit as part of a comprehensive national tions, the United States is calling into at both the many different kinds of jobs in energy program has cost Americans dearly, a particular business and industry and to ex­ question the continuation of the privi­ in both needlessly wasted energy resources leged position of the elite and is inad­ plore maybe one job that particularly ap­ and billions of lost dollars. peals to them in detail. The program also vertently contributing to the suppression calls for renewed emphasis on teaching basic In fact, at current fuel prices we are now of the people who our policies are trying skills. wasting nearly $7 billion a year. Since fuel to help. The article follows: prices started to rise (1973) , we have al­ The Philadelphia experience dramatically [From the Tablet, June 1, 1978] demonstrates that the kids themselves feel ready wasted more than $29 billion. These figures do not include air condition­ A CHURCH FORGED ON THE ANVIL OF a new sense of motivation. Let me point out, PERSECUTION too, that reading and math scores have gone ing. Also, they apply only to residential up as a result. structures in the United States. If we in­ (By Sister Betty Campbell, R.S.M.) This type of program has dictated a third clude the approximately 1.5 million commer­ Ten years after Medellin, as Latin America change in the high school where it operates, cial and institutional buildings in the coun­ prepares for the III Episcopal Conference in and that change involves school guidance. try, it would add even more to potential Puebla, Mexico, the whole Church harkens The program includes, to a large extent, savings. back to those Spirit-filled days of August­ group guidance, focusing on enhancing skills In 1975. the National Bureau of Standards September 1968: Pope Paul's visit to Co­ in jo? application, seeking employment, used a test house t o determine that the im­ lombia . . . the Eucharistic Congress in Bo­ survivmg an interview, etc. provements allowed under the tax credit re­ gota ... and the II Conference of Latin Amer­ ican Bishops at Medellin. I can also report to you that the business duced energy consumption by 52 percent community truly sings the praises of this and would, on average, save 343 gallons of Many young Christian workers and stu­ program. They have found a renewed inter­ fuel per home per year. Had the tax credit dents, lay movements, religious missionaries, est and responsibility toward education and, been enacted when it was first proposed in priests had already begun to work and live ir~ fact, are contributing in new ways to the 1975, those savings already could have been with the poor. The 1968 Medellin Conference educational programs in our city schools. realized threefold. confirmed this work. The Church must be­ Since this program was first developed and What do those savings represent? Accord­ come a poor Church among the poor. The tested six years ago, it has spread to 26 states ing to the U.S. Department of Energy, conference issued a strong call for justice, for and hundreds of high schools across the roughly half--or 40 million--of all Ameri­ promotion of popular organizations, of work­ country. can homes require the various energy saving ers and campesinos, a call for structural Ever since the President signed the Youth measures for which the tax credit would changes that would make development pos­ Employment Demonstration Act, RBS has provide. Had those homes been properly in­ sible for these massive sectors of society. been involved with CETA prime sponsors in sulated five years ago, fuel on savings would Ten years later ... military governments adapting this type of career education for have amounted to 68.5 billion gallons. have taken over country after country to

Statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor will be identified by the use of a "bullet" symbol, i:e., • cxxiv 112&----Part 14 17890 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1978 crush the very people who sacrificed the most Pedro Casadaliga from Spain was conse­ the U.S., headed by Fr. Roder Veckemans, to respond to the call and to the "cry of crated bishop of San Felix, Brazil, in 1970 S.J., fied Chile in 1970 with the election of the people," a theme of a succession of docu­ after two year~ of work in an interior colony Allende, first to Caracas, then to Bogota, ments of the Latin American Churches in Almost immediately his troubles began as Colombia, where he began to marshall a campaign against liberation movements, the 70s. he took up the deiense of the poor settlers The following events show the impact of against the big land-owners and corpora­ theology and theologians. The auxiliary the dramatic crises in different sectors of tions. The people's small cooperative pro­ bishop of Bogota, Lopez Trujillo, executive the sister churches of the south. jects, clinics were destroyed by a military secretary of CELAM (L.A. Episcopal Confer­ The Little Brothers of the Gospel (of invasion. His choice pastoral collaborators ence) since 1975 has teamed up with Vecke­ Charles de Faucauld) in Argentina lived had to flee into the jungles and into exile or mans to steer the preparations of CELAM among the poor, whether they earned their be jailed and worse. III away from the effective option for the living by their labor as woodcutters in the The bishop took up the defense of his poor and to close the eyes of the Church to north or as garbage collectors of the shanty­ people falsely accused of subversive activity. the martyrdom of the people and pastoral towns of the Buenos Aires area. Pat Rice, He and Father Joao Bosco Burnier went to agents committed to the people. superior of the Little Brothers, who worked the jail to inquire about women being held The issue is being joined in all of Latin in a poor parish, was taken by the police there whose screams could be heard in the America. The very concept of Church as well while going to work one day in November streets nearby. A policeman shot Father Joao as the reality of Church is being refurbished 1976. He was jailed, tortured and ques­ in the head and he died on the way to the on the anvil of persecution. The pastoral tioned for names of people in the parish. hospital. As the funeral of Joao ended the reflection of the Salvadorian Church on the To make him talk he was forced to witness townspeople went to put a cross in front of year-long persecution by a fraudulent gov­ the torture of a woman catechist from the the jail as a memorial. Led by women who ernment and its allies underlines that the parish. Fr. Rice was released two months had been jailed themselves, they dismantled Church is most truly Church when it is in later, mainly because of international pres­ the adobe building and set the police run­ solidarity with the oppressed, and is perse­ sure of Human Rights groups, and expelled ning. cuted for that reason.e from Argentina. THE WAGES OF SUCCESS A few days after Pat was jailed, another But each small people's success is crushed REDUCING FTC'S BUDGET Little Brother disappeared. No one has seen with greater repression. The spirit of resist­ or heard of Pablo since that time. ance to this military fascism is being ex­ On Good Friday of Holy Week 1977, Carlos pressed in poems and songs, lengthy balads, Hon. Theodore M. (Ted) Risenhoover Bustos, a Capuchin priest and applicant for celebrating the martyrdom of people like the Little Brothers, disappeared while on his Joao. OF OKLAHOMA way to celebrate a parish liturgy. Not all sectors of the Church in Latin IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES A few weeks later another Little Brother, America are ready for martyrdom or see the Thursday, June 15, 1978 :M:auricio, a street swee?er, was kidnapoed. issue clearly enough or in ·such a light to These, along with others previously forced take a stand with the persecuted. While con­ to fiee because of threats to themselves or e Mr. RISENHOOVER. Mr. Speaker, servative Cardinal Vincente Scherer of Porto during consideration of the appropria­ those offering them shelter, leaves the Fra­ Alegre, Brazil, switches to now defend fellow­ ternity wiped out in Argentina. The history bishops denounced by mllltary authority as tions bill for the Federal Trade Commis­ of the Fraternity dramatizes the issue facing Communist subversives, Cardinal Landaz­ sion, a point of order was sustained and the Latin American Church, for they are not zaru Rickets of Lima, Peru, weakens to let all money was removed because Congress a rare exception. military remove from churches people on a had failed to complete proper authoriz­ Patricia Erb is a young Menonite whose hunger strike, to defuse the possibility of a ing legislation. parents have been missionaries for many repeat of the people's success in Bolivia. years in Argentina. When the military closed In my view, while the point of order the sociology department of the University A NEW PENTECOST was well taken, the amendment which I in Buenos Aires, Patricia with other students In 1969-70 the charismatic movement was had offered to reduce the FTC budg~t by began to work with the Catholic Peace and introduced in Latin America, particularly in one-third was an equally important issue Justice center, going into poor neighbor­ Peru and Bolivia. In the Santa Cruz area before the House. Since a point of order hoods to help families develop their resources of Bolivia anti-Communist crusade nreach­ takes precedent over an amendment, we ing around the feast of the Assumption, in the face of the economic and political never had the chance to test the House's violence imposed. Aug. 15, 1970 occasioned the rightist military coup of General Banzer. The charismatics feeling about the FTC's growth. TERRORIST IN TRAINING were proclaiming a new Pentecost in Latin In simple terms, my amendment left One night eight police entered Patrica's America while the army shot down univer­ the FTC enough money to meet its stat­ home, took her off to a concentration camp, sity students in La Paz and apprehended and utory responsibilities but clipped its blindfolded and hooded, chained by wrists killed others in Santa Cruz. and ankles to the fioor of a horse stable with budget enough to discourage some of its Today in Bolivia the economy in the high power. about 40 other prisoners. She was questioned sierra and mountains where the majority of and tortured. During the nights the woman the people-Quechua and Aymara-live, is a In a speech in the REcoRD of May 26, I prisoners one by one were taken by two disaster area, while the Ban:z-er-family­ detailed several areas where the FTC soldiers to another room where they were favored Santa Cruz area enjoys a boom. The had, in my judgment, extended itself into tortured and raped. One night only one charismatics interpret this as a blessing from traditional jurisdiction of State Govern­ soldier came for Patricia. As she was being and of their work and movement. The fact led out she said to him "Who are you?" ment and into issues the Constitution of foreign investment in that area con­ reserved for the legislative branch. "Where do you come from?" joined with colonization by well-to-do for­ He answered "I am from a poor family in eigners including white racic;t Rhodesians My amendment cut the budget from the north. I was forced into the military does not figure in their analysis. $67.3 million to $44.7 million. I fear that, and two months of our training is in this Bishop Proaiio of Ecuador has pointed out with eventual passage of authorizing camp. If we don't do what we are told we over the years the coincidence between the legislation, the Senate will restore the will be shot." Rockefeller visit to Latin America and the Patricia continued to converse with him full amo~nt and our only opportunity to recommendations in his renort with tbe U.S. test the House's support of the $21.8 mil­ and said she was praying for him and the promotion of fundamentalist and charis­ other soldiers. The soldier reacted immedi­ matic religious movements that confuse the lion curtailment will be very difficult on ately and took her back. After chaining her pastoral work in Ecuador and all over Latin the conference report. In my personal ankles he left her hands free and went to America. view, we should have voted upon this fetch her a cup of tea. Gabriela of Santiago in the early 70's with amendment on Wednesday. It was not Patricia understo0d she was arrested be­ her hard euned journalist education worked too severe. If the FTC had continued the cause of her work with the poor. In the course with the labor sectors to help them gain of her stay in various prisons she saw women same level of antitrust and consumer the necessities of life. She has been in exile protection of 1973-it would need only in their 50's and 60's, mothers of workers since the military took over. She could only and peasants, who didn't know why they carry on her work in Mexico. Maria of the $42 million for 1979. were there or what was happening. The upper class in Santiago, who could not eat our Joint Economic Committee re­ tragic experience of detentions, accusations in her privileged fashion during those same ported last week that American business and torture cause them to break down. early 70's joined the march through the is spending $102.7 billion a year in its Patricia was released from prison due to streets banging the pot that she hardly effort to comply with Government rules international pressure, especially from the touched otherwise (her several maids did and regulations. Businessmen charge Mennonite community in the U.S. all the work) to protest the Allende govern­ that dealing with the Federal bureauc­ The director of the Catholic Justice and ment's economic nolicy. Peace center was also jailed and is still in The Christian Democrat DESAL develop­ racy is becoming a maior expense a.nd a prison. ment team heavily funded from Europe and growing cause of double-digit inflation. June 15, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17891 The report said budgets of the 41 Fed­ in the harbor area, and a valuable re­ set forth below the comments of Rich­ eral regulatory agencies had grown from source in youth development. ard H. Saudek, chairman of the Ver­ $2.2 billior... in 1974 to $4.8 billion in 1979. For 2 years, 1950 to 1952, Nick also mont Public Service Board on the The breakdown of annual costs to seg­ coached the varsity football squad for Dickey-Lincoln Debacle: ments of the economy was: businesses, Mary Star of the Sea High School of DICKEY-LINCOLN SCHOOL PROJECT $25 to $32 billion; motorists, $10 billion; San Pedro. In 1960, Nick returned as The Vermont Public Service Board (the homeowners, $4 billion; consumers, $62.9 coach of the team-and led the way to a "Board") has reviewed the Draft Environ­ billion, and investors, $10 billion. conference championship against over­ mental Impact Statement (Draft E.I.S.) .for Mr. Speaker, I believe my amendment whelming odds. Nick wrote the story of the Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes Transmis­ which was superceded by . the point of the team in his book, "Thin Ice on the sion Project issued by the Department of Gridiron," which drew excellent reviews. Energy (the "Department"). Based upon order, was a responsible attempt to curb this review, we offer the following com­ some of the regulatory growth of the Besides his excellent work in athletics ments regarding the potential impact of Federal Government. and at the boys' club, Nick Trani has this project on Vermont, as well as on the I hope House conferees and subcom­ been actively involved in Harbor commu­ methodology adopted and followed by the mittee members will insist on a major nity activities. He has served as a mem­ Department in preparing the Draft E.I.S. cut in appropriations so that, when this ber of the Mayor's Community Advisory SUMMARY House finally gets a chance to vote on Committee for many years, and has been The Board perceives two basic problems the conference report with the FTC active on panels working closely with that should be commented on at this time. money restored, that the budget will be Los Angeles City Councilman John S. First, the Department appears to have ap­ at an acceptable-even lower than $66 Gibson, Jr. In addition, he has long plied fundamentally different criteria from million-level.e served as a member of the Los Angeles that whlch the State of Vermont would ap­ Police Department Oral Review Board, ply when determining the potential impact and is a member of the Lion's Club of that transmission lines may have upon the environment of this state; and second, the San Pedro. Department appears to base its determina­ NICHOLAS N. TRANI, A MAN WHOSE Nick is active on the San Pedro Com­ tions and conclusions upon inadequate and LIFE HAS BEEN DEVOTED TO munity New High School Committee, the obsolete information. HELPING BOYS DEVELOP Los Angeles City Council 15th District I. ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA Community Advisory Committee, and the The Board, as the State agency respon­ HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON Councilman's Community Planning sible for passing judgment on proposed Committee. transmission faclllties within the State of OF CALIFORNIA Nick's many outstanding contributions Vermont would normally review and evalu- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to community welfare have been recog­ 1 ate proposed transmission lines and corri­ Thursday, June 15, 1978 nized on numerous occasions. In 1948, dors using different environmental criteria Nick Trani was awarded the U.S. Junior than those apparently applied in the Draft e Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. Chamber of Commerce Distinguished E.I.S. (30 Vermont Statutes Annotated Speaker, the men and women who de­ § 248). Service Award for his work with youth in For instance, in discussing the land vote their lives to the development of the Harbor Area, and was the subje::!t of our Nation's youth certainly deserve a use impacts, the Draft E.I.S. apparently has the television program, "It Could Be not taken into account proposed land use, special sense of gratitude from all of us. You." He has received many awards and but only existing land use. In Vermont, Their patience and energy are vital to citations from the Boys' Clubs of Amer­ considerable weight is given to ,future land the future of our Nation, for the example ica, including the Bronze Keystone use. they set for young people at an early age Award and the Golden Man and Boy The Draft E.I.S. assumes that the im­ leaves a lasting impreEsion on their lives. Award. In addition, a resolution in his pact of power lines on timberland is more The San Pedro Boys Club, under the honor was adopted by the Los Angeles severe than their impact on residential and direction of Nicholas N. Trani, has for other open lands. This may create the im­ City Council. pression that the project will have less im­ many years been an important center of Mr. Speaker, Nick Trani is a man of youth and family activities in the Los pact upon Vermont than in other states. many talents who has turned his deep This would not be the case. It has been Angeles Harbor area. During the past 31 concern and interest in the welfare of our the historical practice in Vermont to lo­ years, Nick, as executive director, has youth into his life-long avocation. Re­ cate transmission lines in wooded areas to been a driving force behind the many tirement will not end :1is involvement in reduce the visual impact, which is given successful activities at the club. His re­ youth work; Nick plans on continuing his high priority in Vermont. As a result, the cent retirement was an event which was Draft E.I.S. tends to be contrary to Ver­ activities in the Harbor Area's "Project mont past practices in siting transmission felt deeply by the countless individuals Heavy Program," which he has made an he has helped over the years. lines. outstanding success in its work with Furthermore, we note that the Draft Born in San Pedro on January 18, 1913, first-time juvenile offenders. Through his E.I.S. proposes the use of double circuit Nick Trani was an outstanding athlete many years of selfless effort, Nick Trani steel structures along the 20-mile corridor from an early age. After graduating from enjoys the respect and gratitude of the between the Dickey and Moore substations. San Pedro High School, he enrolled in entire Harbor Area Community, and the Although the double circuit steel struc­ Compton Junior College where he was satisfaction of having touched so many tures may reduce the corridor width, their an all-school tackle on the 1931-32 cham­ size and aesthetic appearance have made young men's lives in a positive fashion them generally unacceptable in Vermont. In­ pionship football team. After graduat­ over the years. ing, he attended Loyola University of stead of these steel structures, we would My wife, Lee, joins me in congratulat­ normally use two parallel wood pole H­ Los Angeles, where he was a starter on ing Nick Trani as he enjoys what we are the varsity football squad for 2 years. He frame structure circuits. sure will be a productive retirement. we By way of example, we have attached an also coached Loyola's freshman football would also like to extend our greetings to analysis, in the "Vermont manner," of the team during his senior year. his lovely wife, Millie, and their sons, significance of the Dickey-Lincoln trans­ During World War II, Nick served in Thomas and Dennis.• mission line from Guildhall to the Moore the U.S. Army from 1943-45, winning station. The analysis compares the findings first place in the Fort Ord ess13.y con­ in the Draft E.I.S. with tbe ftndino-s a~ they test. After leaving the service in 1945, would be made according to our procedures. he became the volunteer football coach DICKEY -LINCOLN DEBACLE The comparative maps and tables are fol­ of the San Pedro Athletic Club. During lowed by a summary of the impact. the 2 years Nick led the team, it compiled HON. JAMES M. JEFFORDS II. OBSOLETE INFORMATION A review of tbe Draft E.I .S. indicates that a record of 37 straight wins-a record OF VERMONT that still stands today. the Department has based its load and sys­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tem requirements projections on a 1974 New Nick became executive director of the Thursday, June 15, 1978 England Power Planning Committee study San Pedro Boys Club in 1947. Under his ( 1974 study) containing data which appar­ able leadershiP, the club has become an • Mr. JEFFORDS. Mr. Sneaker, in ac­ ently dates back to 1973. Since that time, important center of community activity cordance with my remarks today I have forecasted growth rates have changed con- 17892 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1978 siderably, resulting in a mid-1980's condi­ sistent and abiding concern that its devel­ THE INSURANCE INDUSTRY: tion that would, at this time, be quite opment, including the siting of its trans­ "POORLY MANAGED? SELF-SERV­ different from that upon which the Draft mission and generation fac1Uties, be planned ING AND GREEDY?" E.I.S. is based. in such a way that they will be necessary for For example, a review of Appendix A of the well-being of Vermonters and that they the Draft E.I.S., which includes certain will be situated and constructed at mini­ charts of the 1974 Study, indicates that a mum cost to our environmental, regional HON. JOHN J. LaFALCE "typical" December, 1985 week load curve and local planning, historical, scenic and OF NEW YORK would peak at 33,000 MW. A review of the economic well-being. We have in place the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES January, 1978 New England Power Pool authority, through the hearing process, for (NEPOOL) Load and Capacity report, how­ the Vermont Public Service Board to de­ Thursday, June 15, 1978 termine whether these criteria are adequate­ ever, forecasts the 1985-86 winter coinciden­ • Mr. LAFALCE. Mr. Speaker, the tal peak to be 21,484 MW. This is only 65 % ly met. We hold our ut1Uties strictly to these of the 33 ,000 MW pro,jected in the trans­ standards and insist that our utilities prove Washington Post on June 14, 1978, pub­ mission study. As seen another way, it would that these standards will be met by new lished an article about a conference of take until 1994-95 at the recently foreca!?ted construction. insurance company representatives and NEPOOL average compound growth rate of As demonstrated above, the Draft E.I.S. those State officials responsible for moni­ 4.68 % per year to reach 33,000 MW from the clearly fails to meet our criteria. The planned toring and regulating this multibillion­ 1977 December NEPOOL peak of 14,900 MW. system should undergo the rigorous analy­ dollar industry. The Federal Government In addition, it is important to note that sis that we accord other transmission lines plays almost no role whatsoever in while the 1974 Study shows a future genera­ in the State.e regulating this industry, despite its tion and transmission plan for New England in the mid-1980's which would support the major power in our national economy. then expected load of some 33,000 MW, these I found the article most illuminating, plans have been delayed or revised so that and I want to share it with our col­ LOS ANGELES SCHOOL VOLUNTEER leagues. For I think it cogently-if un­ several differences now ex1st between the PROGRAM projections of the Vermont transmission intentionally-makes the major point I grid made by the 1974 Study and those made have been stressing for months now: by more current studies. The following Hon. Yvonne Brathwaite Burke That the State regulators, despite their differences are noted: excellent intentions, are not in a posi­ 1. The second 345 KV line from Vermont OF CALIFORNIA tion to provide the kind of effective Yankee south to Massachusetts would be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES deleted. regulation required for this massive in­ 2. The second Vermont Yankee-Coolidge­ Thursday, June 15, 1978 dustry. There is something wrong, I think, West Rutland 345 KV circuit would be • Mrs. BURKE of California. Mr. Speak­ deleted. when a State regulator, the president of er, I wish to bring to the attention of my 3. The 1,150 MW Orwell nuclear plant the National Association of State In­ colleagues the accomplishments and suc­ would be deleted. surance Commissioners says, as quoted cesses of the Los Angeles Unified School 4. The double-circuit 345 KV line from in the article, that- District's school volunteer program. West Rutland to Orwell and the single­ Insurers ... play follow the leader, circuit Orwell-Ec.:sex line would be replaced Since its inception 15 years ago, the by a single-circuit West Rutland-Essex 345 shrinking market after market and raising Los Angeles Unified School District's the prices to the point of recklessness. KV line. school volunteer program has grown 5. The Essex-Granite 345 KV line would In fact, there are two things wrong be deleted. both in stature and size to become the Nation's largest. Today, volun­ here: First, that the companies would In light of these changes, it tc:; imuossible 25,000 teers, 5,000 tutors, and 3,000 DOVES indulge in such practices but second, that to tell from the Draft E.I.S. whether the the State regulatory mechanisms are not transmission lines would be capable of ab­ (dedicated older volunteers in educa­ sorbing the output of the Dickey-Lincoln tional service) contribute their time, able to cope with practices of this kind ProJect without adversely affecting the sta­ talents, and skills to assist the students and prevent them. What better testi­ bility and reliab1Uty of the transmission sys­ and teachers in our schools. mony to the need for more effective regulation of an industry could we ask tem in Vermont. Through their dedication, participants for than that of the president of the We also note that the economic evalua­ in the school volunteer program have tion for transmic:sion shown in Apoendix National Association of State Insurance A does not include the Granite to Essex line given almost $4 million in free services to 600 schools in the Los Angeles Unified Commissioners. and the associated substation costs. We have I commend the article to your atten­ been advised that this may be an additional School District. They have demonstrated, cost of approximately $13 million in 1976 through their love for children, an active tion, Mr. Speaker, and to that of our dollars, using the Department's own unit and creative use of a vital and heretofore colleagues: costs. (See Table A-5, Appendix A of Draft untapped human resource. INSURANCE COMPANIES CHIDED FOR NOT E.I.S.) CONTAINING HIGH COSTS With its admirable goal of quality edu­ (By Nancy L. Ross) For these reasons, we believe that it is im­ cation, the school volunteer program has perative that the Department conduct sys­ brought enrichment into the lives of our State insurance commissioners chided tem studies based unon a mid-1980's condi­ property and casualty insurance firms yes­ tion as currently foreseen, and implement children, with an emphasis on individual terday for not using their economic clout to corrective design measures, if necessary. to attention for a child's special needs. help contain soaring costs. assure that there will be no adverse effect teacher assistance, creative classroom Harold B. McGuffey, president of the Na­ upon the Vermont transmission system. time, and invaluable behind-the-scenes tional Association of Insurance Commission­ CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS preparation and innovative ideas. ers and Kentucky's insurance commissioner, We draw no conclusions regarding the I am proud to have this opportunity told an audience of regulators and industry merits of the Dickey-Lincoln Pro_iect at this representatives, "Too many members of the time. However, we believe that the studies to recognize the thousands of volunteers, insurance industry view themselves only as made in connection with the Draft E.I.S. tutors, and DOVES who together have funnels through which premiums are col­ are not specific and precise enough to satisfy worked tirelessly to make the Los An­ lected and losses paid, with no thought to the State that the interests of Vermont and geles Unified School District's school controlling underlying costs. They think cost containment is somebody else's job-and its citizens are properly protected. volunteer program a most invaluable aid A review of the Draft E.I.S. demonstrates they're wrong." that it is imperative that the De!Jartment to both our teachers and our children. An industry that pays out $35 billion an­ conduct current and more complete studies We are grateful for their continued dedi­ nually in claims has a responsibility to use which will more accurately reflect a mid- cation and determination to provide the its influence in getting better designed and 1980's load condition. Furthermore, it ap­ quality education and environment so safer cars, he said. And arson for profit has pears that the criteria uoon which the De­ essential to creating the necessary been a major problem because the industry partment bases its environmental impact is too reluctant to make a vigorous fight study inadequately evaluates the impact of groundwork for a child's future happi­ against false claims, McGuffey asserted. transmission placement on the Vermont ness and achievement. They deserve our The General Accounting Office concluded landscape. appreciation, our respect, and our over­ recently that FAIR pl!l.ns-state-directed and The State of Vermont has a strong, con- whelming support in the future.e federally monitored pr<-grams designed to June 15, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17893 help inner cities-are actually encouraging medal from the Carnegie Hero Fund to executive vice president of the com­ arson by overinsuring buildings. FAIR plans Commission. His loyalty to his fellow pany. In 1968, he became president and were found to provide insurance to almost miner is both a credit to himself and his everyone who requests it, regardless of char­ director of Fairchild Camera and Instru­ acter, background or prior involvement with profession. Furthermore, his courageous ment Corp. In July, 1974, he was elected fires. example is one which follows the to his present position as vice chairman McGuffey also charged the industry has humane principles on which our coun­ of the Board of Directors at Fairchild. failed to make its rate-making practices be­ try was founded.• In the past decade, he has managed the lievable to the public. "Our recent experience company's expansion, reorganized the with the medical malpractice crisis and the management, and directed the develop­ products liabHity crisis showed us once again ment of many new innovations in tele­ that insurers ... play follow the leader, DR. C. LESTER HOGAN shrinking market after market and raising communications. the prices to the point of recklessness. The Among his many professional awards public develops the attitude that the business HON. NORMAN Y. MINETA is the Federik Philips Gold Medal of the is poorly managed or totally self-serving and OF CALIFORNIA Institute of Electrical and Electronics greedy," he said. Engineers and his election as an hon­ He singled the driver classification system IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES orary fellow of the United Kingdom's out for criticism. Insurance companies, the Thursday, June 15, 1978 Institution of Electrical Engineers for his regulator declared, are too used to doing things the "easy" way-using age, sex and e Mr. MINETA. Mr. Speaker, Califor­ contributions to the development of marital status of the driver as criteria. He nia's Santa Clara Valley, which I am electronic technology and leadership in urged insurers to use more accurate criteria proud to represent here in Congress, the semiconductor industry. He is the such as mileage driven, number of years of has earned itself the nickname "Silicon only living American to receive this driving experience, accident record and make Valley" because of the great contribution honor. Dr. Hogan was also elected a fel­ and model of the car. to the progress of the electronics and re­ low of the American Association for the Not surprisingly, the state commissioners, lated industries made by companies lo­ Advancement of Science this year for his who are meeting here throughout the week, pioneering contributions in microwa.ve oppose federal regulation of the insurance cated there. industry. Their opening session followed by Development of a great industry de­ electronics and his leadership in indus­ one day a weekend meeting of the American pends on the labors of many people trial research and engineering. Bar Association at which a Federal Trade working at varied tasks. The electronics Dr. Hogan's contributions to educa­ Commission official called for changes in the industry is perhaps a little unusual in tion parallel his achievements in science McCarran-Ferguson Act, which exempts the that many of the individuals who pio­ and engineering. He holds honorary de­ insurance industry from federal regulations. neered the scientific research and engi­ grees from Harvard, Lehigh, Montana Amending that law would likely increase neering which laid the groundwork for State, and Worcester Polytechnic In­ competition in the industry, said Robert Reich, director of the FTC's Office of Policy electronics products are the same indi­ stitute. He serves on the Board of Trus­ Planning and a member of its task force viduals who went on to manage the mass tees of Lehigh University, the Board of studying insurance. production and marketing of those Regents of the University·of Santa Clara, Reich said the task force probably will urge products. the Advisory Board for the College of less state regulation of insurance rates. Six­ One such individual is Dr. C. Lester Engineering at the University of Cali­ teen states now have open competition, Hogan. fornia at Berkeley, the Visiting Commit­ meaning that prior approval is not required. It gives me great pleasure to announce tee for the Department of Electrical En­ Reich said studies, such as one done in Ill1- that Dr. Hogan was awarded the Com­ gineering and Computer Sciences at nois, show that open competition benefits munity Service Award, June 13, by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, consumers. San Jose Chapter of the National Con­ and the Advisory Council of the School However, Reich warned in his speech, ference of Christians and Jews. It was of Engineering at Stanford University. "Some governmental intervention in the form of antitrust enforcement may be necessary not the first time Dr. Hogan has been He held a similar position at Princeton to ensure that competition itself is healthy honored for his many achievements in University from 1957 to 1968. and robust." The FTC report will be incorpo­ science, business, and community af­ Mr. Speaker, Dr. Hogan has not over­ rated into the recommendations of a panel fairs, and I would like to bring some of looked Congress in his wide range of pub­ appointed by President Carter to review fed­ these accomplishments to the attention lic service. He serves on the advisory eral antitrust laws.e of my colleagues in the House. panel to the Congressional Office of Tech­ Dr. Hogan was graduated from Mon­ nology Assessment and on the President's tana State University in 1942 with a B.S. Export Council. in chemical engineering. After serving It is easy to take for granted many of CARNEGIE HERO AWARD TO as a U.S. naval officer in World War II, CLAYTON R. WALL today's technological achievements such he earned a masters and doctorate in as microwave telecommunications. To­ physics from Lehigh University in day, however, I ask my colleagues to HON. AUSTIN J. MURPHY P€nnsylvania. recognize and congratulate Dr. C. Lester Dr. Hogan first came to world atten­ Hogan as one of those responsible for OF PENNSYLVANIA tion at Bell Laboratories, where he per­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES many of the aspects of the standard of formed experiments demonstrating non­ living which we enjoy today.e Thursday, June 15, 1978 reciprocity at microwave frequencies and • Mr. MURPHY of Pennsylvania. Mr. derived a theoretical analysis substan­ Speaker, the Carnegie Hero Fund Com­ tiating the experiments. This work, pub­ mission recently awarded a bronze lished in 1952, has become a classic refer­ MR. NKOMO'S CUBANS medal to Mr. Clayton R. Wall who re­ ence and it led to Dr. Hogan's subse­ sides within my congressional district quent invention of such devices as the HON. BOB WILSON for his unselfish and heroic conduct dur­ microwave gyrator, microwave isolator, ing a coal mine cave-in in February and microwave circulator. These devices, OF CALIFORNIA 1977. in various forms, are now used in nearly IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES every microwave system in the world Thursday, June 15, 1978 Mr. Wall is to be commended for his .. today, be it telecommunications. in­ efforts to free a fellow miner who was cluding satellite communications, or ad­ e Mr. BOB WILSON. Mr. Speaker, I buried alongside a mining machine by vanced radar systems. would like to share with my colleagues shale and sandstone rock. Mr. Wall was Dr. Hogan joined the faculty of Har­ an editorial that appeared in the Wash­ one of five men who dug a tunnel by vard University, where he was awarded ington Star today: hand, cut through a fallen beam, and the Gordon McKay Professorship of Ap­ (From the Washington Star, June 15, 1978] removed their.fellow worker from under plied Physics. He returned to private in­ NKOMO'S CUBANS the rockfall via their hand hewn tunnel. MR. dustry in 1958, serving for 10 years as We suppose Joshua Nkomo's public ac­ I congratulate Mr. Wall for his valiant general manager of the Motorola Semi­ knowledgement makes it official. The Rho­ actions and for receiving the bronze conductor Products Division and rising desian guerrilla leader said, in an interview 17894 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1978 with The Times of Zambia the other day, THE CASE FOR COMING TO Later in his questioning of Mayor Koch, that Cuban advisers are training his 6,000- NEW YORK'S RESCUE Sen. Proxmire spelled out another scenario man army. for New York to save itself without federal This was hardly news; the Cuban involve­ guarantees. If the municipal unions would ment already was known and had been re­ HON. WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD continue to pledge 35 p·ercent of their pen­ s:on-fund investments, which they are now ported. The m111tary tutelage by Havana, as OF PENNSYLVANIA Moscow's instrument, harmonizes with the lending to the city without guarantees, and pattern of Russian-Cuban anti-Western mis­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES if the six major commerical banks were to chief elsewhere in Africa. In Rhodesia the Thursday, June 15, 1978 continue lending 0.92 percent of their assets communists• immediate goal is to ki11 chances to the city as they did in 1975, these com­ for the peaceful installation of black ma­ e Mr. MOORHEAD of Pennsylvania. mitments would generate the $4.5 blllion jority rule, now being attempted by a transi­ Mr. Speaker, last week this House, by a of long-term money the city says it needs. tional government of the formerly dominant vote of 247 to 155, voted to provide Fed­ Sen. Proxmire, also, is right. But when he white minority and moderate black leaders. eral guarantees for up to $2 billion of asked Mayor Koch why the city did not get The sponsors of this "internal" settlement New York City's long-term borrowings the banks and pension funds to maintain particularly want to hold democratic, West­ over the next 4 years. After lengthy and their investments in unsecured bonds, Koch ern-style elections in December, with every­ thorough debate, we determined over­ sJ.id simply, "If we could have done so, we one enfranchised and a black majority as­ would have, but we couldn't." sured. The guerr111as want to head this off whelmingly that long-term credit assist­ New York Comptroller Arthur Levitt has and, unfortunately, may have the disruptive ance is the best means for insuring that flatly refu3ed to invest state pension funds power to do so. It may be impossible to hold our Nation's largest city regain financial without a federal guarantee-thereby win­ the elections if the government cannot assure self -sufficiency. ning the praise of state employees fearful the safety of the polUng places. The subject is now being considered in their retirement could go down the drain. By Mr. Nkomo has had previous moments of the other body, and I am gratified that that measure, New York City pension funds frankness. He and his associate in the the chairman of the Senate Banking are way overcommitted with 35 percent of roughly organized Patriotic Front guerr1lla Committee has scheduled a date for assets in city bonds. movement, Robert Mugabe, have shunned the markup of the legislation before it. It is important to note that the banks and transition ostensibly because it is too soft on On the op-ed page of the Washington insurance companies wlll invest $1 billion the old white autocracy and, more specifi­ without requiring guarantees of that money, cally, because it includes old foe Ian Smith, Post of June 13, Michael J. McManus so long as the pension funds and others are the white prime minister who held off black presents a clear and reasoned argument involved. Thus the federal guarantees are rule for years. The real fear of the guerr1lla for why the Federal Government should only for oen<;ion-fund investments, and they leaders is that in a free electoral process they come to New York's assistance and why wlll spark additional private-sector commit­ would not fare as well as better-placed, mod­ that assistance should be in the form of ments. The guarantees will also lower New erate blacks like Bishop Abel Mozorewa. As long-term credit assistance. The article York's interest cost and help it eliminate an Mr. Nkomo laid bare his democratic sensitivi­ follows: annual deficit already cut from $3 billion in ties recently, he insisted that any transition 1974 to $500 million. terms must "contain arrangements for our THE CASE FOR COMING TO NEW YORK'S RESCUE London's Economist says that "if New York firepower." The Patriotic Front, he said, "can­ City were a foreign country-and many not discuss a cease-fire until we have an in­ (By Michael J. McManus) Americans feel that it almost is-it would terim arrangement that secures a movement The confrontation could not have been have called in the International Monetary forward, and no reversal of what we have more dramatic. The mayor of New York, Fund a long time ago. The IMF's reaction to gained by m111tary force." only hours after a negotiating session at a country of 8 million people (nearly 1 mil­ His brandishing of the Cubans and his which he agreed to a $1.1-b1llion wage and lion of whom are on welfare) whose govern­ Soviet arms, he indicated, is designed to benefits settlement with city employees, ment had run up $14 billion in debt and an "scare away" the Western powers. Mr. Nkomo asked the Senate Banking Committee for a annual deficit of $500 mlllion, which had a was not frank on this point. He actually continuation of short-term seasonal loans faltering domestic economy and no credit, wants the West-namely the United States given to no other city, plus $2 billion worth would be predictable enough. It would im­ and Britain-to compete with the Russians of federal guarantees of long-term city debt, pose strict condittnns of fiscal rectitude on and Cubans in pushing Mr. Nkomo to power also unprecedented. that country's politicians in return for a in Rhodesia. He wants our diplomats to help Exactly four months earlier, the committee standby credit to bail them out. carve a place for him, as much to his specifi­ unanimously stated that "New York City "That is exactly what America's federal cations as possible, in the transition process. should be able to meet its financing needs government should. now do with New York Democratic niceties should not govern. Mr. and avoid bankruptcy after June 30, 1978, City's government. Nkomo's Cuban-trained army, at least. would (when present loans end) without further The Fiscal Observer, an impartial bi-weekly be positioned to exert a rather undemocratic federal financial aid." newsletter on the fiscal crisis, stated in its form of pressure at th1 appropriate moment. S'en. William Proxmire (D-Wis.), the com­ June 1 issue: "The city could wipe out its For reasons that do not bear scrutiny in mittee chairman who was given "grudging 1980 operating deficit if the federal govern­ terms of Rhodesia's democratic prospects or admiration" by New York City Council Presi­ ment took over the costs of either welfare the desires of the country's peaceful majority, dent Carol Bellamy for keeping the pres­ or Medicaid, or assumed half the local costs American and British diplomacy has been sure on New York-continued to do so. He of each." undercutting the transition government and reminded the mayor that, three years earlier, But at this point the city is not even ask­ promoting an "all-party conference" to re­ city officials said federal loans were to be ing for that. It is merely asking for $2 billion open the constitution-making process to the a "one-time thing, never to be repeated." of federal guarantees-$300 million of which guerr1llas. The stated premise is that this is Yet now the city "is asking for even more have been given to homeowners, farmers, necessary to stop the fighting and avoid a than it got in 1975," both short-term loans corporations and endless other entities-to larger black-on-black war for control of the and $2 billion of loan guarantees for 15 years. a city in danger of bankruptcy. New York future Zimbabwe. The geopolitical explana­ He said it was excessive borrowing that got will even p3.y the federal government for the tion is that this is the way to outmaneuver the city in trouble in the first place; yet now privilege, just as Washington got a $30-mil­ the Russians and Cubans, by plaving for the it was willing to become a "guaranteed lion payment interest rates from its sea­ hearts and minds of the Patriotic Front and junkie, coming back and back." sonal loans over the past three years. The the rest of black Africa. What moderate black Rep. Richard Kelly (R-Fla.). speaking be­ treasury made money on New York's plight. Rhodesians might want is secondary. fore Mayor Ed Koch, praised the Senate com­ If all of those arguments are not persua­ We fear what Mr. Nkomo's votes-for-guns mittee's oppo3ition to the fiscal package and sive, consider what happened three years ago principle (should his guns outvote Mr. Mu­ ~.aid: "New York City has the resources to when New York almost did go under. Accord­ gabe's) would do to the prospect for fair and sJ.v-e it<:elf. All that's needed is for employees ing to the Northeast-Midwest Congressional reasonable government honoring the aspira­ who get the highest pay in tbe country to .Coalition, which represents 213 members of tions for majority rule. His lack of political pass up a pay raise of $1 billion." He is right. Congress from Maine to Minnesota, "market support inside Rhodesia shows little volun­ The $1.045-b1llion deficit of the city would instability directly attributable to the New tary liking for his "firepower" among Rho­ wipe out if there were no wage increase. York City crisis cost other governments at desian blacks. (Mr. Nkomo's minority tribal However, it should be noted that Mayor least $2.1 billion, incl.uding $700 million in identification also limits his political appeal.) Koch held down the total payroll cost in the higher interest rates." Perhaps Mr. Nkomo's public boasting of his new agreement to only 5.3 over two years. As Cuban connection will have the opposite of he rightly testified, federal employees are What if New York really went under? The its intended effect, and make it harder for complainlng about President Carter's desire impact is incalculable, which Is why the President Carter to continue endor~ing such to hold their comoen<>ation down to a 5.5 Carter administration proposed the $2 billion a masochistic role for the U.S. in Rhodesia.e r,ercent increase in-one year. loan guarantees.e June 15, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17895

I ask you, my colleagues, to encou:~ge Whereas, one of the principal contributors TELEVISION FOR THE DEAF to this high cost has been the lack of suffi­ all networks and sponsors of telev1s1on cient developable land with utilities and programing to greatly conside~ ~he ,bex:e­ other public facilities available to serve HON. TOM HARKIN fits of closed captioning. Televisions rur­ prospective residents; and OF IOWA ways, ideally suited for car~yi~g. closed Whereas, thl) provision of such utilities as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES captions, could noticeably d1mm1sh t~e water and sewer and such facilities as schools Thursday, June 15, 1978 communication gap for our 13 ~~I­ and parks are dependent upon the ability of lion fellow Americans who are hearmg local governments to raise the capital funds • Mr. HARKIN. Mr. Speaker, for mil­ impaired.• needed to finance their construction; and lions of people in the United Sta~es, Whereas, the cost of revenue bond financ­ television is a main source. of entertam­ ing has been kept unnecessarily high by the ment and information about consumer exclusion of commercial banks from the un­ goods and services. However, for over FINANCING OF PUBLIC IMPROVE­ derwriting market; and 13 million persons who have hearing MENTS Whereas, H.R. 7485 has been introduced in impairments, the medium has yet to the House of Representatives and S. 2674 has been introduced in the Senate to permit become the source it coula. be as a trans­ HON. JERRY M. PATTERSON commercial banks to underwrite and deal mitter of information. 'in revenue bonds; and In December of 1976, the Federal OF CALIFORNIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Whereas, the enactment of such legislation Communications Commission voted to would provide a broader market for state and reserve line 21 on the television screen­ Thursday, June 15, 1978 local revenue bonds and make it easier and the first nonvisual line above the te~e­ e Mr. PATTERSON of California. Mr. less costly for loc3.l governments to finance vision picture-for voluntary transmis­ Speaker, the National Association of the utilities and public facilities ne·~ded to sion of closed-captioned programs for meet the housing needs of the American peo­ Home Builders, which represents the ple at the lowest possible cost, the hearing impaired. Closed captions Nation's home construction industry, .at­ are written translations, converted to Now, therefore, be it resolved that the tributes the soaring cost of homebUild­ National Association of Home Builders calls electronic codes by the broadcaster and ing throughout the Nation substantially upon Congress to promptly consider and ap­ carried in the regular TV signal in a way to a lack of sufficient developable land prove legislation permitting commercial that is hidden in the picture. In order served by publicly financed utilit~es and banks to underwrite and deal in revenue to see the captions, a special decoding other facilities. The constructiOn of bonds by state and local governments. device must be purc~1ase(: and used. water and sewer systems, parks, schools, Approved by board of directors. Because the choice to use closed and other facilities is often financed by captioning is voluntary, all networks, Mr. Speaker, the Home Builders have municipalities through the issuance of joined a growing list of supporters for except the Public Broadcastin~ Syste~ revenue bonds. The cost of such financ­ (PBS) have been dragging their feet m this important legislation. It is supported ing serves as a constraint on local g?~­ strongly by those who should know best using 'this device for communicating ernment's ability to provide these facih­ with the deaf. Many do not want to whether it will reduce the cost of revenue ties and services. That, in turn, inflates bond financing-State and local govern­ invest in the necessary captioning staffs land costs and bars more and more fam­ and equipment, even though co~ts are ment officials themselves and the orga­ ilies from the homebuying market. nizations that represent them. These in­ moderate. PBS estimates that w1th the In my own area of California, the use of a computer, it should cost net­ clude the National Govemors Associa­ Federal Home Loan Bank Board reports tion, the National Association of Coun­ works less than $1,000 to make a com­ that the average sales price of a new plete set of captions for a 60.-minute.pro­ ties, the U.S. Conference of Mayors, and single family home for the first qu~rt~r the National League of Cities. They also gram. The captioning eqmpment Itself of this year reached $81,700. This IS runs between $25,000 anj $50,000-but include the Municipal Finance Officers compared with the nationwide figure of Association, the American Public Power that is a one-time expense. In addition, $59,000 which, in and of itself. is stag­ PBS says that home decoders could be Association, the National Association of gering. Roughly speaking, 22 percent. of State Auditors Comptrollers: and Treas­ marketed within a year at a cost of less this price is attributable to the land. than $125. urers, and the Airport Operators Council including utilities, and other public facil­ International. Sponsors and networks do not seem.to ities. recognize the potential market that lies The legislation is also supJOOrted by The result of last Tuesday's ballot the Federal Reserve Board and the Fed­ in the hearing impaired. I encourage in my State on proposition 13 com­ them to study it. Perhaps they do not erai Deposit Insurance Corporation. In pounds the problems of government's fact the staff oi the Federal Reserve, in realize that most deaf people are work­ ability to provide the infrastructure nec­ ing members of society who have the fi­ a m~mo:randum to the Board before it essary to turn raw land into .ho.mes !or made its recent decisiOn to support, nancial means to do their own purchas­ California families. Because It IS bemg ing of consumer products. My deaf pointed out that several studies over the interpreted as a symbol of a taxpayers• years including- one by the Federal Re­ brother, an employed member of. ~he rewolt, it serves to emphasize the need for working community, relies on advertiSmg serve: have concluded that substantial a nationwide effort to seek reasonable savings wm accrue to S'tlate· and local to inform him of his choices in the mar­ means of reducing governmental costs. ketplace, as most people do. But for him government issuers of revenue bonds and other hearing impaired persons, It was toward that end that r cospon­ from bank eligibility to compete for un­ television is not, a medium through sored H.R. 10145 to authorize commer­ derwriting thes·e bonds. The most recent which he can learn of such choices since cial banks to underwrite revenue hand of these studies estimates that the sav­ he cannot hear about advertised prod­ issues of State and municipal g,overn­ ings on revenue bonds issued in 1977 ucts. ments. I view the bill as an opportunity would have been we'll over $400 million. With closed captioning, not only would to expand the market for such bonds and This potential saving is too important deaf individuals benefit, but so would thereby reduce the costs of their to neglect for us as well as ow cons~it­ entire families-parents, brothers, and issuance. uents. That is why the NAHB resolutiOn sisters, children of the deaf-wh.o co.uld on May 15, NAHB endorsed the legis­ calls upon the Congress to promptly con­ finally enjoy TV with the hearmg m~­ lation by passing a resolution in full sider this legislation. We cannot afford paired. The result: An expanded audi­ support of H.R. 7485. That bill, which to allow to pass the opportunity this year ence for the sponsor's product. was introduced by Banking Committee to strike a blow for better housing oppor­ Back in March, I wrote to eight major Chairman REuss and Representative tunities for our constituents, for a reduc­ network sponsors, asking that they give SPELLMAN, is identical to mine. I include tion in the cost of State and local govern­ strong support to closed captioning. I NAHB's resolution at this point in the ment. and for a lessening in the inflation­ have received favorable responses fro~ RECORD: ary pressures that are besetting all of us. four of them: Texaco, Inc. ; Gulf 011 FINANCING OF PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS Corp.; Exxon; and International Tele­ Whereas, the present high cost of con­ I urge all of my colleagues to join me phone & Telegraph Corp. This certainly structing housing has priced many Ameri­ in supporting H.R. 7485 and calling for encourages me. can families out of the housing market; and action on it this year.e 17896 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1978 ERA RATIFICATION MORE URGENT Most of the amendments to the US Consti­ American citizens should not be arrested tution have been passed without deadline. or detained if they have done s·omething THAN EVER The time limitation imposed on ERA ratifica­ wrong in Mexico, but we do have reciprocity tion effected a political compromise decided in our treaties with Mexico. Our country is HON. ROBERT F. DRINAN on by Congress at the time the ERA was sub­ very careful to treat foreign nationals with mitted to the states. But it also falls within due process. We certainly have problems OF MASSACHUSETTS congressional authority to extend the dead­ within our own country, but problems of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES line and to those who say extension repre­ American tourists who have a traffic viola­ sents dirty politics, we say it's merely the tion or wme other type of infraction of the Thursday, June 15, 1978 next step in the political process. law in Mexico seem to have reached astro­ e Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, I would Extension legislation is making its way nomical proportions. through House channels and Speaker Thomas American citizens traveling in Mexico have like to bring to the attention of my col­ P. O'Neill, a realist if there ever was one, become the targets of local Mexican author­ leagues an excellent editorial in today's supports the legislation, predicting it will ities who expect "tips" or just plain bribes Boston Globe concerning the effort to pass the House by a simple majority vote. to expedite paperwork. The honest, law-abid­ extend the ratification period for the Senate hearings on a similar bill are expected ing citizen who runs afoul of the law either equal rights amendment. sometime this summer. comes up with a cash "tip" or spends weeks With last week's ERA defeat in Illi­ Some suggest that extension will only work waiting. to taint the amendment in its final form, I would ask that you take this matter up nois, it has tecome clear that the pres­ that it will set a bad precedent for the future with the Mexican government or at least ent deadline of March 22, 1979, may and provide maneuvering room for opponents register a protest with what seems to ~e a come and go before the nec€ssary third who are pushing to rescind the amendment common practice. additional States vote for ratification. Of in states where it's already been ratified. We I am placing this letter in the CoNGRES­ the 15 States which have not yet ratified disagree. At this point the first two points are SIONAL RECORD in the hope that other Mem­ the ERA, several will not meet in legis­ purely philosophical, while the third will bers who have had similar complaints will lative session at all until next year. This have to be decided by the courts. also write to you at this time. I shall also leaves a woefully inadequate period of The Equal Rights Amendment is much too place your response in the CoNGRESSIONAL import ant to let it slide so easily from our RECORD. time to evaluate and debate the ERA near future. Right now the name of the game ratification. I fully understand that the United States is politics and in politics the rules of the does not have sovereignty in Mexico, but, as The Boston Globe editorial sets forth game are constant!y changing. The rules have I understand it, when the Mexican govern­ excellent arguments for supporting the changed on t'i.>is one, so let's get on with it.e ment arrests an American citizen a report is ERA extension. I urge my colleagues to made to the U.S. Oonsulate in the area and, review it carefully. in turn, to the U.S. Embassy. Thus, the AMERICAN PRISONERS IN United States Emba~sy is well aware of what The editorial follows: MEXICAN JAILS RIGHT COURSE FOR WOMEN'S RIGHTS is happening. If this type of treatment were vigorously protested, I think we would see When Congress finally passed the ERA in some changes. 1972, 50 years after it was originally intro­ HON. LARRY PRESSLER Sincerely, duced, the legislation was sent out to the OF SOUTH DAKOTA LARRY PRESSLER, staten for approval by three-fourths of their Member of Congress. legislatures within a seven-year time period. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES At that time the March 22, 1979 deadline Thursday, June 15, 1978 DEPARTMENT OF STATE, Eeemed reasonable enough. ERA supporters e Mr. PRESSLER. Mr. Speaker, the Washington, D .C., May 31 , 1978. could not anticipate that the proposition re­ Ron. LARRY PRESSLER, quiring ratification by 38 states would pass pending case involving two girls from my House of Representatives, in 35 before being blocked in 15. ERA sup­ district in South Dakota who are cur­ Washington. D .C. porters could not anticipate that a handful rently being held in a Mexican prison is DEAR MR . PRESSLER: The Secretary has of legislators-five in Illinois, two in North of great concern to me and of great im­ asked me to reply to your letter of May 9 re­ Carolina, four in Florida, three in South portance to my colleagues, as many garding delays faced by American travellers Carolina-would stand between passage and Americans each year are denied due in Mexico who have been detained or ar­ defeat. · rested, and who may offer "tips" or bribes to But ERA supporters have been politically process and held up for long periods of time for alleged infractions of Mexican local Mexican authorities in order to expedite naive. Convinced that the opposition's back­ their cases. room wheeling and dealing would ultimately law. Fortunately, the case involving these fail, ERA supporters have been too willing to two girls is being resolved and the two As background to your inquiry, it may be believe that an amendment, guaranteeing will soon be set free, but many times .ius­ useful to note that an estimated two and that equality under the law cannot be one-half to three million U.S. tourists visit tice is withheld or delayed for indefinite Mexico each year. Considering the sizeable abridged on the basis of sex, would succeed lengths of time. on the basis of its inherent merits. volume of Americans travelling to Mexico, it is n ot surprising that the number of them They were wrong. I wish to share with my colleagues the following correspondence between Secre­ who are arrested or detained is relatively In the past six months it's become appar­ high . Reports submitted to the Department ent that if the amendment is going to be­ tary of the Department of State, Cyrus by our Embassy in Mexico City show that the come law, its supporters are going to have to R. Vance, and myself: rate of arrests consistently ranges at approxi­ learn the kind of political realism the op­ WASHINGTON, D.C., May 9, 1978. mately 100 per month. Most of those involved position has demonstrated for the past six Ron. CYRUS R. VANCE, are quickly released, oftentimes even before and e. half years. Secretary, Department of State, the Embassy has been notified of their ar­ There have been hopeful signs. Several Washington, D.C. rest, due to the minor nature of the charges. anti-ERA legislators have been defeated in DEAR MR . SECRETARY: I am writing about a According to the Mexican Constitution, re-election attempts. The convention boycott problem which exists in Mexico. Recently I those charged with offenses bearing a penalty of states which have not ratified the amend­ have been in contact with the State Depart­ of imprisonment must be tried within four ment appears to b~ gathering momentum­ ment regarding two young women who re­ months if the appropriate maximum penalty Chicago, for example, has lost an estimated side in South Dakota who have been detained does not exceed two years; and they must be $20 mlJlion worth of business from organiza­ by Mexican authorities. I thank you for the tried within one year, if the maximum pen­ tions which have refused to hold meetings information you have provided, but this alty is greater. It is this latter time period there in protest. And, finally, the current letter bas a broader purpose. which pertains to the majority of U.S. offend­ deadline extension drive. Based on numerous conversations I have ers charged in Mexico, 80 to 90 percent of Last year The Globe suggested that exten­ had with American citizens traveling to whom are arrested on drug charges carrying sion would be a tactical mistake, that it Mexico, and based on memories of my days a minimum penalty of five years and six would divert attention from the more imme­ of working in the Legal Office at the State months. There are no indications that U.S. diate go::~.l of ratification before the deadline Department, I am aware that American tour­ prisoners in Mexico are discriminated A.gainst originally established by Congress. But last ists in Mexico are routinely held up for long in respect of promptness of trial as compared week's ERA defeat in Illinois has made it periods of time if they run afoul of the law. to Mexican prisoners or those of other na­ clear that March 22d may come and go before The television program "Sixty Minutes" bas tionalities arrested on similar charges. There an additional three states vote for passage. done a report on this subject. I am also have been a few instances where U.S. prison­ Such a failure could only be perceived as aware that the payment of a "ti:!)" of any­ ers have not been brought to trial for an an emotitmally and politically qraining blow. where from $25 to $300 is commonplace to extended period of time: in such cases, our The ERA would be all but dead and the speed up Mexican justice. This does not consular officials raise the matter with the energy required to crank up and start the apply to American citizens bearing diplo­ approDria'~'e Mexican authorities. passage procedure all over again on March 23d matic or con!'ular passports who are immune As for the issue of American tourists being would be overwhelming. from the local laws. I am not suggesting that delayed by local Mexican authorities for June 15, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17897

traffic violations or minor infractions of the more than 50 years, and was president SUN CITY, ARIZ., May 17, 1978. law, the Department is, of course, in no posi­ of the Albany Park Hebrew Congrega­ Hon. HAROLD S. SAWYER, tion to protest Mexican law enforcement tion of Chicago for 6 years. He is also House of Representatives, measures. However, the Department does not an associate member of Hadassah. Washington, D.O. condone, and strongly opposes, the solicita­ DEAR HONORABLE CONGRESSMAN SAWYER: tion of "tips" or bribes by Mexican authori­ Louis is recipient of the coveted Akiba We are enclosing two letters that we have ties in connection with such violations. Com­ Award, a member of the Prime Minis­ written to Premier Bulent Ecevit and Minis­ pl:J.ints by American travellers of bribes or ter's Club of the State of Israel, and ter of Foreign Affairs, Gunduz Okcun, re­ attempted bribes which are brought to the received the Ben Gurion 30th Anniver­ garding our daughter, JoAnn McDaniel and attention of our consular officials are made sary Award of the State of Israel. Katheryn Zenz and Robert Hubbard. We known to the Mexican authorities. One re­ Betty, working with and supporting are still hopeful that you are interested in cent example involved an American couple Louis in all of his activities for their their behalf. Our hopes have been high this held overnight by Mexican authorities for synagogue, their community and for Is­ year as there seems to be more possibilities allegedly having stolen a gold chain, and who rael, is a life member of the Elana Chap­ for their release than at anytime. We thought were released only upon payment of the value ter of Hadassah. that a letter from us at this time would per­ of the "missing" item. Upon learning of the haps help in some way. We have noticed in incident, the Embassy raised the matter with Together, Betty and Louis Balas have JoAnn's letters recently that she is more the State Attorney General with the results provided goals for others to aspire to, desperate than at anytime. She has been that the offending official was dismissed, the but seldom reach. Their accomplish­ very brave and strong during the past five couple's money was refunded, and an official ments have left an indelible mark for years and has never given up hope. However, apology was extended them. It may also be the better on everything they have there is a limit to what an individual can that some American travellers in Mexico run undertaken. The joy of giving shines take and we are most concerned about her. into problems with the local authorities and through their lives, and we have all been If no concrete results are forthcoming we agree to demands for "tips" in order to extri­ enriched.• will try somehow to get to Turkey. What we cate themselves, and that they do so without could do there is questionable but at least consulting our Embassy or Consulates before­ we would be w'ith her. If you ·have any sug­ gestions that we could do to help in this hand or informing them afterwards. Such TURKEY'S INSENSITIVITY TO long ordeal we would be glad to comply if action obviously would prevent any effective HUMAN RIGHTS III at all possible. Diplomatic procedures are intervention by our officials. so complicated and slow that sometimes the In the U.S.-Mexico Tourism Agreement real issue is lost in the shuffle. signed by Secretary Vance and Foreign Sec­ HON. HAROLD S. SAWYER We thank you from our hearts for your retary Roel on May 4, 1978 in Mexico City, OF MICHIGAN interest and efforts in this situation. We are both parties recognized the necessity of pro­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES still hopeful that this year will bring about moting the health and safety of tourists Thursday, June 15, 1978 their release and that JoAnn can come home from the other country. According to Mexi­ and enter the mainstream of life once again. can Minister of Tourism Rossell de la Lama, • Mr. SAWYER. Mr. Speaker, for the With gratitude, his Government is planning to designate Mr. and Mrs. HAROLD MCDANIEL. certain officials throughout 1\.:exico who will third time I take the opportunity to ex­ receive tourists' complaints and requests for press my deep feelings on violations of human rights in Turkey. As I have re­ MR . AND MRS. HAROLD McDANIEL, assistance. The Mexican state of Baja Cali­ Sun City, Ariz., U.S.A., May 17, 1978. fornia has already enacted a law establish­ lated to you in earlier messages, I am Premier BULENT ECEVIT, ing a Public Defender for the Protection of particularly concerned about the welfare Basbakan, Tourists; this attorney has been empowered of two American girls, JoAnn McDaniel Ankara, Turkey. to impose stiff fines on administrative offi­ of Oregon, 33, and Katherine Zenz, 32, of YOUR HONORABLE PREMIER: We are seeking cials, tourism operators, manufacturers and Wisconsin. They have served 5 years of a your help in e very difficult and trying sit­ others who may violate the rights of tourists, 24-year, nonparolable sentence in Turk­ uation. Wo have tried for six long years to and to report them to the Federal Govern­ ish prisons for their alleged attempt to end our ordeal to no avail. In desperation ment for the imposition of federal penalties. smuggle hashish into Turkey. The condi­ wo are turning to you for assistance. In conclusion, the Department is con­ tions under which they serve are deplor­ Our daughter, JoAnn McDaniel, is in prison cerned at the issues you have raised and will able and I would not hesitate to term in Adana. She is being held with two other continue to make every effort to ensure that Americans, Kathy Zenz and Robert Hubbard, Americans travelling in Mexico, as in other their situation as desperate. on a drug charge. They have made the best countries, are accorded proper treatment in Presently, there are five American of e. most difficult situation through the the event they are arrested or detained by civilians serving sentences in Turkish years and have been good prisoners. They the authorities. prisons. I earnestly believe that action are young and can be useful citizens in so­ Sincerely, taken by the Congress to press for a pris­ ciety if given the chance. We shudder to DOUGLAS J. BENNET, Jr., oner exchange treaty with Turkey will be think of their wasted lives and the years Assistant Secretary effective, especially if such action is in spent behind bars and prison walls. tor Congressional Relations.e the form of an amendment to the bill on We love our daughter and beg of you to the repeal of the Turkish arms embargo, exercise your power to release them. We realize you have many great and pressing BETTY AND LOUIS BALAS making the repeal effective upon the ex­ ecution of a prisoner exchange treaty. At problems as premier of Turkey but we are praying and hoping that you will take the a time when the plea of human rights time and effort to help us in our time of HON. HENRY A. WAXMAN has become the cornerstone of our for­ need. Our hearts have been heavy through­ OF CALIFORNIA eign policy, I believe it is imperative for out this tragic experience and we know not IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the United States to be assured that a where else to turn. We desperately need prisoner exchange treaty will be nego­ your help. Thursday, June 15, 1978 tiated and acted upon before the actual Thanking you, • Mr. WAXMAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask lifting of the present arms embargo. Mr. and Mrs. HAROLD McDANIEL. the Members to join with me in extend­ Until now, the Turkish Government ing congratulations and good wishes to has been insensitive to our demands. SuN CITY, ARIZ., U.S.A., May 17, 197.8. Betty and Louis Balas, who have more GUNDUZ 0KCUN, Many pleas, pleas have been made to Minister of Foreign Affairs, than earned the honor of a testimonial them from concerned citizens throughout Deseleri Bakani, Ankara, Turkey. dinner by Etz Jacob Congregation on the country. For your information, I in­ YOUR HONOR: Our daughter, JoAnn Mc­ Sunday, June 25. Betty and Louis will clude one such passionate plea in the Daniel, has been a prisoner in Turkey for receive the Man and Woman of the Year RECORD. It is the most recent from Mr. the past six years. We have tried in every Award from their congregation on this and Mrs. McDaniel, the elderly parents conceivable way to gain her freedom but happy occasion. of JoAnn, now retired and living in Ari­ with half a world between us it is a situa­ Louis, first vice president of B'nai zona. Their plea is even more painful tion that we have not been able to accom­ B'rit~ Fidelity-Bogen Lodge No. 1215, when one knows that the framework for plish. She is being held in the prison at and Its Chaplain, is executive vice pres­ Adana along with Kathryn Zenz and Robert such a prisoner exchange treaty, in the Hubbard on a drug charge. They have made ident and a board member of Btz Jacob form of implementing legislation, has the best of a very difficult situation through­ Congregatio'tl. He was president of the already been signed into law and that out the years and have been good prisoners. Chicago VIP's for 3 years, a life mem­ both this country and Turkey have such We shudder to think of their wasted lives ber of the Zionist Organization of Amer­ treaties with other countries. behind prison walls when they could con­ ica, a member of the Masonic Order for Letter follows: tribute constructively to society. We will be 17898 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1978 willing to comply with any demands that is With the introduction of the Soviet eco­ Simonsen, who is about to retire from within our power to further their release. nomic system the Lithuanian people have the field of education following 40 years We are retired and getting along in years. been disposed of all private property-land, of dedicated service. In addition to being Our hearts have been heavy throughout this securities, real estate, bank accounts, and my constituent and good friend, Dr. tragic ordeal and we ~re desperately seeking business enterprises. The entire Lithuanian your help. The State Department could be eonomy has been integrated into the Soviet Simonsen is a nationally recognized fig­ an instrument in negotiations if political system, making Lithuanian industry depend­ ure in the area of community college channels are necessary. ent on Soviet raw material sources and mar­ academics. We thank you. kets. Furthermore, 97 per cent of all farms With the exception of a 5-year hiatus Sincerely, have been collectivized, and a colonial system to serve his country as a Marine Corps Mr. and Mrs. HAROLD McDANIEL .• of near-slavery has reduced the standard of pilot, Dr. Simonsen's contributions to living to the Soviet level. education have been lifelong. He began AN OPPRESSED LITHUANIA Also under Soviet rule, all religious as a high school music teacher in 1938. private schools, kindergartens, orphan­ Californians continued to benefit from ages, hospitals, and charity institutions his excellent abilities and selfless contri­ HON. JOHN G. FARY were confiscated; all monasteries and butions as he progressed through various OF ILLINOIS convents closed; and all religious publi­ positions at Bakersfield College, even­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cations supressed. tually achieving the presidency of that The U.S. Government has not officially institution. In 1968, following establish­ Thursday, June 15, 1978 recognized Lithuanian incorporation ment of the Kern Community College • Mr. FARY. Mr. Speaker, I would like into the Soviet Union. In 1967, then Sec­ District, Dr. Simonsen assumed the po­ to bring to the attention of my fellow retary of State Dean Rusk reaffirmed sition of superintendent and chancellor colleagues that today, June 15, marks the U.S. policy toward Lithuania in a letter of that district. He has gained the total 38th anniversary of the loss of Lithuan­ to Mr. Joseph Kajeckas, Charge d'Af­ respect of all those who have been privi­ ian independence. On this day in 1940, faires ad interim of the Lithuanian dele­ leged to work with him at all levels; he the Soviet Union occupied and forcibly gation in Washington. He wrote: has greatly enhanced the vitally needed took control •Of the nation of Lithuania. United States support of the Lithuanian field of community college education, This was a terrible tragedy for a coun­ people's just aspirations for freedom and in­ and he has assisted countless numbers of try whose history involves a long struggle dependence is vefiected clearly in our refusal young people on the road to fulfilling for independence and freedom. Through­ to recognize the foreiole incorpora tton of and rewarding lives. Edward Simonsen is out the Middle Ages, Lithuania played your country lnoo the Soviet Union and in an outstanding example of a community the warm sympathy manifested by the Amer­ an important role in many phases of ican people in the Lithuanian cause. minded citizen and of a man truly dedi­ European development. However, in 1795, In continuing to look resolutely toward a cated to his chosen field. its territory was annexed by the Russian free and independent existence, the Lithu­ I extend every best wish to Ed Simon­ Empire and Lithuania's interests be­ anian people both here and abroad have sen and his wife., Marvene, as they pre­ came subordinate to Russia's. For over established a firm foundation for the hope pare to enter a well-deserved period of a century, the Lithuanian people were of free men everywhere that the goal of retirement. I know that Dr. Simonsen's oppressed, although they made many Lithuanian national self-determination will gifts to society will not cease with his attempts to overthrow their Russian ultimately be realized. active working career, and I trust that conquerors. Mr. Speaker, at this time, I would like the years ahead will be as rewarding for World War I finally provided the op­ to remind my distinguished colleagues him as he has made the previous years portunity for Lithuania to regain its in­ that the same yoke of oppression and for others.• dependence. On February 16, 1918, an callous indifference which the Soviets independent Lithuanian state based on display toward the Lithuaniar. people democratic principles was proclaimed. aro 1also being directed toward John and During this period of freedom, improve­ Lorraine Jodwalis, ethnic Lithuanians, HOUSE BROADCAST VOTE ments in agriculture, industry, education, but born American citizene from Illinois and social legislation, just to name a few, who have been seeking to return to the HON. JOHN B. ANDERSON were instituted. United States since the conclusion of OF ILLINOIS All of this, however, was soon brought World War II. Despite appeals in their to an end when the Russians, once again, behalf by the State Department and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES seized control of the country. On Au­ their family here in America, the Jod­ Thursday, June 15, 1978 gust 13, 1940, Lithuania was declared a walis' are still being denied the emigra­ e Mr. ANDERSON of Illinois. Mr. constituent republic of the U.S.S.R. and, tion visas they have sought for the past therefore, came under the dominance of Speaker I am naturally disappointed 20 years-and still without any explana­ that the' House voted 235 to 150 last night the Communist Party of the Soviet tion by Soviet officials. Soviet law and Union. To this day, Lithuania is gov­ to give itself complete control over the the humn rights provisions of the Hel­ radio and television coverage of our de­ erned by the Lithuanian Communist sinki Agreement, to which the Soviets Party which is merely a branch of and bates. This is the first time any branch are signatories, prJvide for the reunifica­ of the U.S. Government has established dependent on the Communist Party of tion of families. Yet, 20 years have lapsed the U.S.S.R. No other political entity is its own television network for the pur­ with no visible progress being made on pose of covering itself, and I fear that permitted to exist in the country. resolving this grave injustice. If this is Thus began a new era of Lithuania is just how the American people will view an example of Soviet compliance with our action-as covering ourselves as if oppression at the hands of the Russians. international agreements, United States Until 1959, when the city of Vilnius was we have something to hide. ratification of any SALT II treaty will This is clearly a first amendment is­ opened, no Westerners were even allowed be difficult, if not impossible.• in Lithuania. The rest of the country is sue and we have breached that critical still closed to foreigners. Soviet policies line between a free press and a free gov­ have brought about a considerable TRIBUTE TO DR. EDWARD ernment to the detriment of both. It is change in the composition of the Lithu­ SIMONSEN my strong feeling that professional anian population. In 1944, about 80,000 broadcasters, not legislators, should Lithuanians fled to Western Germany. broadcast the legislature as is now done Over the next ,5 years some 250,000 were HON. WILLIAM M. KETCHUM in 40 of the 44 State legislatures which permit the televising of their proceed­ deported to Siberia. Since Stalin's death, OF CALIFORNIA about one-third of these have been per­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ings. Those who make the news should mitted to retrun home while the rest are not manage the news coverage of them­ believed to have perished. Thursday, June 15, 1978 selves. Drastic changes in the Lithuanian e Mr. KETCHUM. Mr. Speaker, at this I take some consolation in having economy have also occurred. According time I would like my colleagues to join played a small part in bringing the House to the report of the Council of Europe : w ..th me in paying tribute to Dr. Edward broadcast issue to the fore over the past June 15, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17899 5 years and in helping to force a once D.C. BUDGET OFFICE WINS an area in which the District government, NATIONAL AWARD often criticized for slipshod financial prac­ reluctant House majority leadership to tices, has become a model for other cities. accept the advisability and inevitability Officially, the process is called a "multi­ of broadcasting our debates. The contro­ HON. STEWART B. McKINNEY year expenditure forecasting system." Where versy over who should control that cov­ city officials once peered into a crystal ball erage has been a long and sometimes OF CONNECTICUT and then jotted down an educated guess bitter struggle, but, for the most part, a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES about the future, the new system involves a very healthy, fair and necessary debate Thursday, June 15, 1978 sophisticated, computerized projection of fu­ over a fundamental issue. A majority has ture trends. e Mr. McKINNEY. Mr. Speaker, the In effect, according to Copple and his aides, now spoken and I accept its verdict. financial managers of the District of every one of the city's financial accounts, for I do hope, though, that· we will now Columbia have come in for some severe each agency and program, is broken down work closely with the representatives of criticism in the last several years. This into separate "building blocks." the broadcast media to develop a system is extremely unfortunate as most of the Each block is subjected to separate analy­ sis. For example, according to a summary of that will result in the greatest possible problems for which they are criticized public access and exposure to our tele­ the program from the budget office, District were not of their making but rather due salary and employee benefit trends differ vised proceedings. Without this our to the Congress mismanagement of the costly new system will be meaningless. greatly from costs for supplies, utility serv­ District prior to home rule. Therefore, ices and other payments, and are analyzed There is no longer any excuse for delay­ it must be particularly satisfying for the separately. ing public access to our televised cover­ staff of the Office of Budget and Man­ In arriving at a forecast, the building age. The new broadcast system should be agement Systems of the District of Co­ blocks are reassembled and matched against fully operational and public by the open­ lumbia government to have received an projections of what the city's tax programs ing day of the 96th Congress, at the a ward from the Municipal Finance Of­ will yield in revenue. latest.• That is what produced the forecast of a fices Association recently for this year's budget gap of $333 million by 1983. outstanding contribution to public finan­ In the budget gap, the forecast showed that cial management. expected higher salaries for city workers is by WILMOT J. "BILL" NICHOLSON The reason for the award was th.e Dis­ far the biggest item. Between 1979 and 1983, trict's sophisticated, computerized without new municipal spending programs method of expenditure forecasting, a beyond those in the proposed city budget for HON. NORMAN Y. MINETA system which is rapidly becoming a next year, the city operating budget is ex­ OF CALIFORNIA model for financial managers from other pected to increase by nearly $500 million, to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cities. This system, when combined with a total of $1.8 billion. improvements currently being made in Pay increases would be responsible for $265 Thursday, June 15, 1978 million of the $500 million increase. the rest of the District's financial man­ • Mr. MINETA. Mr. Speaker, it gives me Other major increases are caused by infla­ agement systems with the aid of the tion, the cost of operating new public facili­ great pleasure to rise today to honor Temporary Commission on Financial ties (for example, the expanded Blue Plains Wilmot J. Nicholson, who on June 13 Management for the District of Colum­ treatment plant), the upward cost trend of received the Brotherhood Award from bia, is rapidly pushing the District gov­ special programs (such as public welfare and the San Jose chapter of the National ernment into the forefront of the mu­ medical assistance) and the expense of pay­ Conference of Christians and Jews. nicipal management field. I would like ing off the city's debt to the U.S. Treasury Mr. Nicholson is a native San Josean. to commend to my colleagues the fol­ (from borrowing for construction programs, He was graduated from Bellarmine Col­ lowing article by Washington Post Staff including Metro). lege Preparatory in 1932 and from the Writer Jack Eisen in the June 15, 1978, Although the forecasting system was University of Santa Clara in 1936 with edition of the Post. My congratulations launched in 1969, it has existed in its present form since 1975. For the serious student of a degree in civil engineering. to District Budget Director Comer Cop­ In addition to running his own engi­ municipal finance, its most notable product pie, Division Head Thomas Hoey, and is a gray-bound paperback document called neering firm, Bill has found time to be particularly to Thomas J. O'Brien and actively involved with the Red Cross, the "Multi-Year Financial Plan-Fiscal Years Jean Sperling, who are chiefly respon­ 1979-1983," which catalogues the city's prob­ Crippled Children, Institute of Medical sible for the District's financial reports, lems in text and graphs. Research, Camp Swig, and various reli­ for this outstanding achievement. Two persons are chiefly responsible for the gious organizations. D.C. RECOGNIZED FOR BUDGET FoRECASTING forecasts, Thomas J. O'Brien and Jean Sperl­ He served on the city council of the TECHNIQUES ing. They work under Thomas P. Hoey, direc­ city of Santa Clara for 7 years, 1 as (By Jack Eisen) tor of the resource management improve­ mayor. He has been the president of the ment division of the budget office. Whenever District of Columbia officials Boy Scouts three times during his 30 testify on Capitol Hill about such budgetary Copple, in summarizing how the forecast­ years of service and is currently chair­ matters as the need for a larger federal pay­ ing program is used, said local governments man of their memorial foundation. He ment to the city or the desire to levy a com­ have passed the point where they can commit has been a board member, president and muter tax, they cite a fearsome figure: their taxpayers to costly, long-lasting currently serves on the executive board By 19·83, they say, there will be a gap of programs. of the Goodwill Industries. He has been $333 million between the city's anticipated To this end, he said, "Systematic expendi­ a board member of the Institute of Medi­ revenue from existing taxes and other ture forecasting has become an indispensable cal Research, and their president for the sources, and the projected level of municipal part of our effort to improve program and last 2 years. spending. · fiscal management." e That's the bad news. The good news is that Over the years he has served as chair­ the District government has received inter­ man of the United Fund and as regent, national acclaim for the technique it uses to regent emeritus, and on the board of forecast such future financial trends. RUSSIAN OCCUPATION OF fellows of the University of Santa Clara. Comer S. Copple, D.C. director of budget LITHUANIA He is a longtime member of the Rotary and management systems, recently went to Club. In addition he belongs to the St. Houston to receive the annual Louisville Claire Club, Associated General Con­ Award, a plaque presented annually by the HON. WILLIAM R. COTTER tractors, American Society of Civil Engi­ Municipal Finance Officers Association for outstanding contributions to public financial OF CONNECTICUT neers, and American Association of Cost management. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Engineers. The award is named for Louisville, Ky., Thursday, June 15, 1978 Mr. Speaker, I ask my colleagues to which endowed the prize that has been given join in saying congratulations to Bill every year since 1939. American and Cana­ • Mr. COTI'ER. Mr. Speaker, as we ap­ Nicholson on his many achievements dian governmental units are eligible. There proach the anniversary of America's over the years and best wishes for future were 25 nominees this year. Independence Day, it is alarming to re­ successes.• The award received by Copple represents flect upon the many parts of the world 17900 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1978 where the basic freedoms and rights that dom of the press demanded and de­ DOWNEY, Mr. RICHARD NOLAN, and Mr. we enjoy are heinously denied. served by all people. JOSHUA EILBERG. Many other Members I am thinking, in particular, of Lithu­ I dislike the very possibility of deny­ have expressed interest. Additionally, the ania, where 38 years ago today the Soviet ing such options by any Member of the legislation has received the editorial sup­ Union forcibly invaded and occupied this House demanding control of both the port of several important newspapers, in­ brave Baltic nation. The result of that equipment and those who may operate it. cluding the New York Daily News, the invasion has been nearly four decades In my judgment, this amendment Bergen Record, and the Newark Star­ of serious human rights violations. amounts to prejudice to the broadcast Ledger. Tens of thousands of patriotic ! ·H-!"1 11- medium. Congress does not attempt to As the Daily News asks: anians have been deported to Siberia edit out pages of a print reporter's note­ Why not? The IRS seems to know where while others have been subject to e:;.den­ book. Congress then should not attempt everybody is. And it certainly is the all-time sive trials and harsh sentences, intended to edit the broadcast medium or allow champ when it comes to bill collecting. to intimidate any nationalist or religious snch loopholes in our law that would Mr. Speaker, because this is a serious movements. ~ver permit such editing. effort to improve the guaranteed student The names Viktora Petkus, Sarunas Should the public catch a glimpse of loan program, I urge my colleagues and Zukauskas, Balys Gajauskas, and Petras our empty seat while we are at another their staffs to consider this bill. There­ Plumpa are familiar to many Lithua­ committee meeting or should we appear fore, I include the Capital Availability for nian-Americans for their ongoing fight wearv after seeminglv endless debate Higher Education Amendments of 1978 for justice and freedom. But there are about a complex funding issue, so be it. at this point in the RECORD: many others whose struggles are un­ We represent a people who also have H.R. 12756 known as they serve severe sentences in demands on their time and are capable A bill to amend the Higher Education Act Soviet labor camps and prisons for hav­ of greatness and of error. As the men of 1965 to raise the limits on insured loans ing uttered a patriotic thought or re­ and women who cast their respective for undergraduate students, to allow lenders ligious belief. votes to have us represent them in Con­ to use a government service administered oy On this sad anniversary of the Russian gress, they are entitled to seeing their the Commissioner of Education and the Sec­ occupation of Lithuania, I ask my col­ elected representatives in an unexpur­ retary of the Treasury for the collection of leagues to join me in registering their gated account. It is not for us to choose such loans, and for other purposes. protest against these abominable viola­ what news to report or to be newsmak­ Be it enacted by the Senate and House of ers. That decision is not ours, but that Representatives of the United States of tions of liberty and decency. • America in Congress assembled, of the electronic media as much as the SECTION 1. This Act may be cited as the print media. Cameras are the notebooks FREEDOM OF THE ELECTRONIC "Capital Availability for Higher Education of our broadcast reporters. We cannot Amendments of 1978". PRESS and must not rob them of their tool or SEc. 2. That part B of title IV of the Higher the control of that tool, or we are rob­ Education Act of 1965 is amended- HON. MARY ROSE OAKAR bing them and our people of freedom of ( 1) by striking out "$2,500" each place it the press.• appears in sections 425(a) (1), 428(b) (1) (A), OF OHIO 428(a) ( 1) (A), and 428(a) (2) (A), and insert­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ------ing in lieu thereof "$3,500"; and Thursday, June 15, 1978 GOVERNMENT COLLECTION SERV­ (2) by striking out "$7,500" each place it ICE FOR GUARANTEED STUDENT appears in sections 425(a) (2), 428(b) (1) (B), • Ms. OAKAR. Mr. Chairman, I sin­ LOANS 428A(a) (1) (A), and 428A(a) (2) (A), and in­ cerely regret having to vote "nay" on serting in lieu thereof "$10,500". Mr. Benjamin's amendment that for­ SEc. 3. Part B of title IV of the Higher Edu­ bids funding of television coverage of HON. ANDREW MAGUIRE cation Act of 1965 is amended by adding after the House proceedings unless the per­ OF NEW JERSEY section 427 the following new section: sons operating and controlling the "COLLECTION OF LOANS BY THE FEDERAL GOV­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ERNMENT equipment are employed by the House. Thursday, June 15, 1978 The floor action took place on June 14, "SEc. 427A. (a) (1) An eligible lender may elect to have a loan made in accordance with 1978. e Mr. MAGUIRE. Mr. Speaker, the Cap­ this part collected by the Secretary of the This vote should not be interpreted as ital Availability for Higher Education Treasury (hereinafter in this section referred disrespect to the Speaker, in terms of Amendments of 1978, H.R. 12756, estab­ to as the "Secretary") and the Commissioner, his judgment or his desire to see the lishes a Government collection service as provided in this section. Any such election bill's passage, nor is it meant to be an for guaranteed student loans. This would shall be made not later than twelve weeks affront to my other colleagues. The re­ relieve banks of a responsibility which, after the date on which the borrower ceases spect of the Speaker or my colleagues is in too many cases, they are ill-equipped to carry at an eligible institution at least to undertake. The hassles of collection one-half of the normal full-time academic not in question, but rather my respect workload as determined by the institution, for the basic principles embodied in our from transient former students with un­ ln a manner prescribed by the Commissioner. Constitution, and in this particular case, certain income partially ·accounts for " ( 2) The Commissioner shall promptly specifically freedom of the press. both the high default rate of the program notify a borrower with respect to whom an The very essence of freedom is the ab­ and the patchy and insufficient partici­ election has been made by an eligible lender sence of constraint. Freedom is our pation of lending institutions across the Pnder paragraph ( 1) of such election and guarantee of an unrestricted right. For country, limiting the ability of many stu­ the corresponding repayment status and ob­ this reason, I cannot help but interpret dents to choose the college best suited to lJP'ations of the borrower specified under a funding qualifier as a potentially their needs. this section. lethal restraint to the right of freedom The amendments would also increase "(b) (1) The Commissioner shall make an agreement with any eligible lender which of the press by providing the option for the amount a student may borrow each makes an election under subsection (a) with selective editing of our freedom of speech year from $2,500 to $3,500, and cumula­ respect to a loan, which- on the House floor. tively from $7,500 to $10,500, thus ac­ "(A) provides that the lender will trans­ Admittedly the intent of the House to counting for the effects of inflation on mit to the Commissioner all documents nec­ grant coverage is to give the American tuition and other educational costs. essary for the collection of the loan for people access to all of the proceedings The new service would collect guaran­ which such election is made; and of their Congress, and the microphones teed student loan's on a basis flexibly "(B) provides that the Commissioner wlll and cameras are to be beamed at these tied to the student borrower's ability-to­ make an annual payment to such lender pay as measured by his or her adjusted of an amount equal to the amount computed proceedings at all times. The editing de­ under subsection (d), to the extent that cisions are not meant to rest in the gross income. House, but rather with those men and Since Congressman WILLIAM STEIGER ~~~~~~ ~; s~::e~~~~fr)~rom the fund es1 women whose business it is to defend and I introduced the amendments, six of " ( 2) The Commissioner shall not make an our free speech and the public's right to our colleagues have indicated they wish agreement under paragraph ( 1) with a lender know. It is for Congress, then, to grant to cosponsor the measure: Mr. CHARLEs unless he is assured that such lender does them the parameters to obtain the free- WHITLEY, Mr. EDWARD PATTEN, Mr. TOM not discriminate by pattern or practice June 15, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17901 against any particular class or category of shall be liable for no repayments as to prin­ the present value of the final payment and students by requiring that, as a condition to cipal, and shall be liable for not more than all amounts previously paid or deducted and the receipt of a loan, the student or his one-half of the interest accruing during withheld under this section, discounted by family maintains a business relationship such year; 7 per centum annually for the period of the with the lender. "(B) if assessable income for a given tax­ loan, not counting any period for which an "(c) (1) With respect to each loan for able year is at least $8,500 but less than interest subsidy is paid for such loan under which an agreement is made under this sec­ $13,500, the borrower shall be liable for pay­ f:ection 428. tion, the Commissioner shall- ments for that year totaling 1 per centum "(4) (A) Each employer required by sec­ "(A) transmit to the Secretary such in­ of such income per each $2,000, or fraction tion 3402 of the Internal Revenue Code of formation as may be required to enable the thereof, of the total principal amount 1954 to deduct and withhold amounts upon Secretary to carry out the duties established borrowed; wages shall deduct and withhold upon the under paragraph (2); "(C) if assessable income for a given tax­ wages of borrowers making repayments un­ "(B) make a payment not later than Octo­ able year is at least $13,500 but less than der this section amounts determined on the ber 15 of each year to the lender of an $18,500, the borrower shall be liable for pay­ basis of tables prescribed by the Secretary amount equal to the amount computed un­ ments for that year totaling 1¥:! per centum under subparagraph (C). Such deducting der subsection (d), to the extent that of such income per each $2,000, or fraction and withholding shall begin when the bor­ amounts are appropriated from the fund es­ thereof, of the total principal amount rower first receives wages after the start of tablished by subsection (f); and borrowed; his repayment period. If an employer falls "(C) take enforcement and collection "(D) if assessable income for a given tax­ to deduct and withhold an amount in viola­ me::~.sures in the case of a delinquent pay­ able year is at least $18,500 but less than tion of this paragraph, and thereafter such ment referred by the Secretary under para­ $23,500, the borrower shall be liable for pay­ amount is paid by the student borrower, graph (2) (C). ments for that year totaling 2 per centum such amount shall not be collected from "(2) The Secretary shall- of such income per each $2,000, or fraction such employer. Nothing in the preceding "(A) make available, with any information thereof, of the total principal amount sentence shall relieve an employer from and directions relating to the filing of a borrowed; liability for any penalties for such failure Federal income tax return, a table contain­ "(E) if assessable income for a given tax­ to deduct and withhold. ing the amounts stated in subsection (e) (1) able year is at least $23,500 but less than "(B) The Secretary shall by regulation es­ for which borrowers may be liable, and such $28,500, the borrower shall be liable for pay­ tablish a method for a borrower required to other information as may be necessary for ments for that year totaling 2¥:! per centum make repayments under this section to re­ a borrower to compute the amount of his of such income per each $2,000, or fraction port his repayment status and the date on annual payment under such subsection; thereof, of the total principal amount which his repayment period begins to em­ "(B) keep records of the amounts repaid borrowed; and ployers for purposes of the deduction and with respect to each loan for which an agree­ "(F) if assessable incorr.e for a given tax­ withholding requirement of subparagraph ment is made under this section, and trans­ able year is at least $28,500, the borrower (A). Such a report shall be made- mit to each borrower an annual statement shall be liable for payments for that year "(i) immediately after the date on which of his loan balance; and totaling 3 per centum of such income per the borrower ceases to carry at an eligible in­ "(C) refer each case of a delinquent pay­ $2,000, or fraction thereof, of the total prin­ stitution at least one-half the normal full­ ment to the Commissioner for enforcement cipal amount borrowed. time academic workload as determined by and collection. "(2) (A) Each borrower making repayment the institution, if the borrower has been no­ "(d) (1) The amount of the annual pay­ of a loan pursuant to the method provided tified before sueh date of an election under ment made by the Commissioner to a lender in this section shall make an annual pay­ subsection (a) and continues in employment under subsection (c) ( 1) (B) for a loan for ment equal to any excess of- held before such date; which an agreement ls made under this sec­ " (i) the amount for which such borrower "(ii) when the borrower is notified of such tion shall be equal to the total amount is liable for the taxable year under para­ an election after such date if he is employed which would have been repaid with respect graph ( 1) , over at such time; anct. to such loan by the borrower during the ap­ "(ii) the amount withheld from such bor­ ·• (iii) whenever the borrower, after noti­ propriate twelve-month period in the ab­ rower's wages during the taxable year under fication of such an election, accepts employ­ sence of an agreement under subsection (b) paragraph (4). ment after such date. "(B) Any payment due under subpara­ ( 1), except that such amount shall be- Any borrower who willfully furnishes a "(A) increased by an amount equal to graph (A) shall be made, in a manner pro­ vided by the Secretary. not later than­ false or fraudulent report required under this any excess of- subparagraph or who willfully fails to fur­ " (i) the amount of interest, computed at "(i) the date on or before which the bor­ rower's Federal income tax return is re­ nish a report in the manner, at the time, a yearly rate of 7 per centum, which would and showing the information required by have been earned during the appropriate quired to be filed for the taxable year; or " ( ii) April 15 for the preceding calendar the Secretary under this subparagraph shall, twelve-month period on amounts repaid if for each such offense, upon conviction there­ repaid by the borrower in the absence of an year, if such borrower is not required to file such a return of, be subject to the same penalties as are agreement under subsection (b) ( 1), over applicable to the furnishing of fraudulent "(ii) the amount of interest, computed at " ( 3) (A) The Secretary shall refund to statements or the failure to make state­ a yearly rate of 7 per centum, which will each borrower making repayment of a loan ments under section 7204 of ~he Internal accrue on the amount of the annual payment pursuant to the method provided in this Revenue Code of 1954. section- under subsection (c) (1) (B) (without regard " (C) The Secretary shall by regulation pre­ to the increase or decrease under this para­ "(i) at such time and in such manner scribe tables establishing amounts to be de­ graph) between the time of such payment · as the Secretary provides by regulation, an ducted and withheld under subparagraph and the end of the appropriate twelve-month amount equal to any excess of the amount (A). such tables shall be designed so tha.t period; and determined in clause ( ii) of paragraph the total of the amounts withheld from a "(B) decreased by an amount equal to any (2) (A) for a taxable year, over the amount excess of- borrower's wages during a taxable year will determined in clause (i) of paragraph (2) approximately equal the amount for which " ( i) the amount determined under clause (A) for such taxable year; and the borrower is liable for such taxable year (ii) of subparagraph (A). over · "(ii) after a final payment is made by under paragraph ( 1) . "(ii) the amount determined under clause such borrower, an amount equal to any ex­ (i) of subparagraph (A). "(D) Each employer required to deduct cess of the sum of payments over the total and withhold amounts upon wages under "(2) For purposes of this section, the term principal amount borrowed. 'appropriate twelve-month period' means, subparagraph (A) shall make payment of with respect to an annual payment under " (B) The Secretary shall notify a bor­ such amounts to the Secretary, at such time subsection (c) (1) (B), the twelve-month pe­ rower, when a final payment is made by and in such manner as the Secretary pre­ riod in which such payment is made, which such borrower, that the borrower's obliga­ scribes, and no such employer shall be lia­ begins with the month in which the first tions with respect to hiR loan have been ful­ ble to any other person for the amount of periodic repayment would have been due filled and that no further payments will· any such payment. from the borrower if no agreement had been be due "(E) Amounts paid to the Secretary under made under this section. "(C) For purposes of this paragraph- subparagraph (D) shall be deposited in the " (e) ( 1 ) In any case in which an agreement "(!) the term 'final payment' means a fund established by subsection (f) ( 1). is made with respect to a loan under sub­ payment under paragraph (2) (A) or an "(F) Any employer who fails to deduct section (b) (1), the student borrower shall amount deducted and withheld under para­ and withhold amounts upon wages in ac­ be liable annually for an amount of prin­ graph (4) which includes an amount of cordance with this paragraph shall be liable cipal, together with interest thereon, which principal which, when added to all amounts to the Secretary for a penalty of an amount is based upon the accessable income of such of principal previously paid or deducted and equal to- student, as follows: withheld, equals or exceeds the total princi­ "(1) 5 per centum of any amounts which "(A) if assessable income for a given tax­ pal amount of the loan; and the employer negligently fails to deduct and able year is less than $8,500, such borrower "(11) the term 'sum of payments' means withhold; and 17902 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1978 "(11) 50 per centum of any amounts which "(h) All provisions of this part not incon­ (4) by inserting after paragraph (4) the the employer wtllfully or fraudulently fails sistent with this section shall apply to following new paragraph: to deduct and withhold. loans to which this section applies.". " ( 5) The special allowance computed ac­ "(G) The Secretary shall promulgate such SEc. 4. (a) Section 427(a) (2) of such Act cording to paragraph (2) (A) shall be reduced regulations as are necessary to administer is amended- by one-half per centum with respect to all this paragraph. ( 1) by striking out "and" at the end of eligible loans held by a lender for which " ( 5) For purposes of this subsection- subparagraph (H); agreements have been made under section "(A) the terms 'wages' means wages as de­ (2) by striking out the period at the end 427 A (b) ( 1) . The Commissioner may provide fined by section 3401(a) of the Internal Reve­ of subparagraph (I) and inserting in lieu by regulation for the annual payment of nue Code of 1954; thereof ", and"; and special allowances with respect to such loans "(B) the term 'assessable income' means­ (3) by adding at the end thereof the fol­ in lieu of the quarterly payments prescribed " (i) in the case of an unmarried individual, lowing new subparagraph: by paragraph ( 1) .". such individual's adjusted gross income; " ( J) provides that the lender may elect SEc. 8. Part B of title IV of such Act is "(ii) in the case of a married individual (not later than twelve weeks after the date amended by adding at the end thereof the who does not file a joint return under sec­ on which the borrower ceases to carry at an following new section: tion 6013 of the Internal Revenue Code of eligible institution at least one-half of the "ADVISORY PANEL 1954- normal full-time academic workload as de­ "SEC. 440A. (a) There is hereby established .. (I) if such individual's adjusted gross in­ termined by the institution) to have ~he an advisory panel (hereinafter in this section come equals or exceeds the adjusted gross loan collected by the Federal Government referred to as the 'Panel') whioh shall be income of such individual's spouse, the ad­ pursuant to an agreement with the Commis­ composed of the following eleven members: justed gross income of such individual; and sioner under section 427A(b) (1), and that " ( 1) two individuals who administer the "(II) if such individual's adjusted gross the repayment by the borrower of a loan for National Direct Student Loal program at in­ income is less than the adjusted gross income which such an agreement is made shall be stitutions of higher education; of such individual's spouse, one-half the made in accordance with section 427A(e) .". "(2) two representatives of institutions of combined adjusted gross incomes of such in­ (b) Section 428(b) (1) of such Act is higher education, which participate in a loan dividual and such individual's spouse; amended- program under this part; "(iii) in the case of a married individual (1) by striking out "av.d" at the end of "(3) one representative of an institution who files a joint return under section 6013 subparagra'!)h (0); of higher education which does not partici­ of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, one­ (2) by striking out the period at the end pate in a loan program under this part; half the total adjusted gross income of the of subparagraph (P) and inserting in lieu "(4) two academics familiar with student individual and his or her spouse; and thereof"; and"; and assistance programs; "(iv) in the case of an individual not re­ (3) by adding at the end thereof the fol­ quired to file a Federal income tax return, lowing new subparagraph: "(5) one representative each from the De­ an amount equivalent to amounts deter­ "(Q) provides that the lender may elect partment of Health, Education, and Welfare, mined under clauses (i), (ii), and (iii), as (not later than 12 weeks after· the date on and the Department of the Treasury; established by the Secretary in regulations; which the borrower ceases to carry at an "(6) one former student borrower of a "(C) the term 'adjusted gross income' eligible institution at least one-half of the loan made or insured under "his part, or one means adjusted gross income as defined by normal full-time academic workload as deter­ representative of a student organization; section 62 of the Internal Revenue Code of mined by the institution) to have the loan and 1954; collected by the Federal Government pur­ "(7) one representative from the Student "(D) marital status shall be determined in suant to an agreement with the Commis­ Loan Marketing Association. the same manner as marital status is deter­ sioner under section 427 (b) ( 1) , and that the "(b) The members of the Panel shall be mined under section 143 of the Internal Rev­ repayment by the borrower of a loan for appointed by the Speaker and the minority enue Code of 1954; which such an agreement is made shall be leader of the House of Representatives, and "(E) the term 'taxable year• means- made in accordance with section 427 A (e) . ". the majority and minority leaders of the "(i) a taxable year as defined by section SEc. 5. (a) Section 427(c) of such Act is Senate. Appointment of such a member shall 441 (b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, amended by striking out "The'' and insert­ be made anly with the approval of three of or a calendar year in the case of a borrower ing in lieu thereof "Except in the case of a such appointing individuals. who is not required to file a Federal income loan the repayment of which is made pur­ " (c) The Panel shall- tax return for a taxable year, which begins suant to an agreement made under section .. ( 1) review the adequacy of the special after the start of the repayment period; and 427A(b) (1), the". allowance under section 438 to draw sufficient "(ii) that part of a taxable year as defined (b) Section 428(b) (1) (L) of such Act is capital into loan programs under this part, by such section 441 (b), or a calendar year, as amended by inserting ", except in the case and consider an incremental special allow­ the case may be, which follows the start of of a loan the repayment of which is made ance which is graduated to rrovide addition­ the repayment period; and pursuant to an agreement made under sec­ al incentives for higher loan volumes han­ "(F) the term 'repayment period' means tion 427A(b) (1) ," after "provides that". dled by an eligible institution; the period referred to in section 427(a) (2) SEc. 6. (a) Section 427(a) (2) (B) of such Act is amended- "(2) review of feasibility of instituting (B). a student loan bank of last resort, with at­ "(f) ( 1) There is created on the books of ( 1) by inserting " (except in the case of a loan the repayment of which is made pur­ tention to the problems of avoiding substi­ the Treasury of the United States a trust tution for currently offered loans; fund to be known as the Guaranteed Student suant to an agreement made under section 427A(b) (1))" after "ten years"; and "(3) consider such other questions as it Loan Fund (hereinafter in this section re­ deems appropriate. ferred to as the 'fund') which shall be ad­ (2) in clause (ii) by inserting "(except in ministered by the Commissioner. the case of a loan the repayment of which is " (d) The Panel shall report to Congress not made pursuant to an agreement made under later than one year after the date of the en­ "(2) The fund shall consist of amounts section 427 A (b) ( 1)" after "fifteen years". actment of this section on its findings with deposited in the fund from- (b) Section 428(b) (1) of such Act is respect to the i terns reviewed and considered "(A) amounts withheld from wages, as amended- under subsection (c) ." .e provided in subsection (e) (4) (E); (1) in subpargaraph (D) (11), by inserting "(B) payments made by student borrow­ "and except in the case of a loan the repay­ ers under subsection (e) (2) (A); and ment of which is made pursuant to an "(C) appropriations made pursuant to agreement made under section 427 A (b) ( 1) , " PORTS AND OUR NATION'S subsection (g). after "paragraph,"; and (2) in subparagraph (E), by inserting DEFENSE "(3) Moneys in the fund may be used only " (except in the case of a loan the repayment for the purpose of making the payments to of which is made pursuant to an agreement eligible lenders provided for in agreements made under section 427 A (b) ( 1) ) " after "ten HON. JOHN M. MURPHY made under subsection (b) (1), and for the years". OF NEW YORK purpose of making refunds to borrowers SEc. 7. Section 438(b) of such Act is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES under subsection (e) (3) (A). Moneys from amended- the fund shall be available for such purp ses (1) in paragraph (1) by striking out "A" Thursday, June 15, 1978 only when appropriated therefor, a.nd such and inserting in lieu thereof "Except as may e Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr. appropriations shall be made without fiscal be otherwise provided in paragraph (5), a"; Speaker, I am pleased to inform my col-' year limitation. (2) in paragraph (2) (A) , by striking out "(g) There are authorized to be appro­ "paragraph ( 4) " and inserting in lieu thereof leagues that we now have 193 of th~ priated to the fund such amounts as may be "paragraphs (4) and (5) "; necessary 218 cosponsors for our resolu­ necessary from time to time to make the pay­ (3) by redesignating paragraphs (5) and tion which authorizes the President to ments required to be made by the Commis­ (6) as paragr~phs (6) and (7) respectively; proclaim the week beginning Sentem­ sioner under subsection (c) (1) (E). and ber 17 as National Port Week. Beside the June 15, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17903 vital force that our ports have served in CONNECTICUT NEW HAMPSHmE contributing to our national economic William R. Cotter Norman E. D'Amours development, my colleagues listed below Robert N. Giaimo NEW JERSEY have recognized the importance that our DELAWARE Edwin B. Forsythe Thomas B. Evans, Jr. James J. Florio ports have played serving as the focal Harold C. Hollenbeck point of our Nation's defense and FLORIDA Henry J. Hyde James J. Howard present prosperity. In time of war or L. A. (Skip) Bafalis William J . Hughes other national emergency, the port en­ J. Herbert Burke Joseph A. Le Fante tities, which represent a vital link in Bill Chappell, Jr. Joseph G. Minish the national transportation system, Louis Frey, Jr. Edward J. Patten would immediately put into effect a plan Matthew J. Rinaldo Andy Ireland Peter W. Rodino, Jr. for Federal port control for etficient Claude Pepper Robert A. Roe operation and utilization of port facili­ Paul G . Rogers Frank Thompson, Jr. ties, equipment and services. Our ports Robert L. F. Sikes serve as an essential measure of defense GEORGIA NEW YORK John J . Flynt, Jr. Joseph P. Addabbo protecting the people and essential Mario Biaggi facilities of our country. Bo Ginn Dawson Mathis Jonathan B. Bingham In setting aside a week where atten­ Thomas J . Downey tion can be focused on the ports, we HAWAII Robert Garcia will all be made a ware of and be more Daniel K . Akaka. Benjamin A. Gilman able to appreciate the significance that Cecil ( Cec) Heftel S. William Green ILLINOIS James M. Hanley our port system, the largest in the Elizabeth Holtzman world, has in the area of our economy Frank Ann unzio Tom Corcoran Jack F. Kemp and national security. I thank my col­ John G. Fary John J . LaFalce leagues listed below and urge those re­ Ralph H. Metcalfe Norman F. Lent maining to join with us in recognizing Morgan F . Murphy John M. Murphy Henry J. Nowak the unique and vital contributions of our Melvin Price Charles B. Rangel ports. Dan Rostenkowski Frederick W. Richmond The following Members are cospon­ Marty Russo Benjamin S. Rosenthal sors of this joint resolution: Mr. BLAN­ Paul Simon Stephen J. Solarz INDIANA SamuelS. Stratton CHARD, Mr. BYRON, Mr. CARTER, Mr. Adam Benjamin, Jr. Ted Weiss CHAPPELL, Mr. CORCORAN of Illinois, Mr. David L. Cornwell Lester L. Wolff CUNNINGHAM, Mr. DINGELL, Mr. DUNCAN Fioyd J . Fithian Leo C. Zeferetti of Tennessee, Mr. FoRD of Tennessee, John T. Myers Mr. GIAIMO, Mr. HOLLENBECK, Mr. LENT, NORTH CAROLINA KENTUCKY Charles Rose Mr. MATHIS, Mr. MILLER of California, Tim Lee Carter OHIO Mr. QUIE, Mr. RUPPE, Mr. Russo, Mr. Gene Snyder Thomas L. Ashley SANTINI, Mr. SISK, Mr. SPENCE, Mr. LOUISIANA Charles J . Carney STRATTON, Mr. ULLMAN, Mr. WAXMAN, Lindy (Mrs. Hale) Boggs William H. Harshh and Mr. YATRON. John B. Brea:1x Ronald M. Mottl Bob Livingston Mary Rose Oakar On behalf of our Nation's ports, I J . William Stanton welcome the addition of these Members Gillis W. Long David C. Treen Louis Stokes to our present list of cosponsors. Charles A. Vanik Joe D. Waggonner, Jr. A list of all 193 Members, by State, Thomas L. Ashley MAINE who have cosponsored "National Port OKLAHOMA Week" resolutions follows: David F. Emery James R. Jones ALABAMA MARYLAND Ted Risenhoover Tom Bevill Goodloe E. Byron OREGON Jack Edwards Marjorie S. Holt Les AuCoin ALASKA Clarence D. Long Robert Duncan Don Young Barbara A. Mikulski AI Ullman ARKANSAS Parren J . Mitchell James Weaver Bill Alexander MASSACHUSETTS PENNSYLVANIA CALIFORNIA James A. Burke John H. Dent Glenn M. Anderson Silvio 0. Conte Joshua Eilberg Clair W. Burgener Joseph D. Early Allen E. Ertel John L. Burton Edward J. Markey Daniel J. Flood Phillip Burton Joe Moakley Peter H. Kostmayer Don H. Clausen Raymond F. Lederer Del Clawson MICHIGAN Joseph M. McDade James C. Corman James J. Blanchard Marc L. Marks Robert K . Dornan David E. Bonior William S. Moorhead Barry M. Goldwater, Jr. John J. Dingell Austin J. Murphy Mark W. Hannaford Carl D. Pursell Michael 0. Myers Augustus F. Hawkins Philip E. Ruppe Robert N. C. Nix Harold T. Johnson Guy Vander Jagt Fred B. Rooney William M. Ketchum MINNESOTA Gus Yatron Robert J . Lagomarsino James L. Oberstar Doug Walgren Robert L. Leggett Jim Lloyd Albert H. Quie RHODE ISLAND John J. McFall MISSISSIPPI Fernand J. St Germain George Miller David R. Bowen SOUTH CAROLINA John E. Moss Trent Lott Mendel J. Davis Jerry M. Patterson MISSOURI Butler Derrick Leo J. Ryan William (Bill) Clay John W. Jenrette, Jr. B. F . Sisk Richard A. Gephardt James R. Mann Fortney H. (Pete) Stark Robert A. Young Floyd Spence Lionel Van Deerlin Henry A. Waxman MONTANA TENNESSEE Bob Wilson MaxBaucus Robin L. Beard NEVADA John J. Duncan Charles H. Wilson Jim Santini Harold E. Ford 17904 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1978 TEXAS in the files of the Subcommittee onEco­ volved in intelligence activities for the Jack Brooks nomic Stabilization.• Federal Government, two supervisory Omar Burleson E de la Garza Federal Government employees in­ Bob Eckhardt volved in translation work-one of whom Bob Gammage shall be from the National Science Abraham Kazen, Jr. FEDERAL TRANSLATION Foundation-and four experts in trans­ Ray Roberts lation from the private sector. The VmGINIA HON. JOHN BRECKINRIDGE chairman of the Council will be appointed Robert W. Daniel, Jr. OF KENTUCKY by the President from among the mem­ J. Kenneth Robinson bers. PaulS. Tribel. Jr. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Council shall have the authority G. William Whitehurst Thursday, June 15, 1978 to appoint such staff, as it deems neces­ WASHINGTON sary, to carry out its functions. The Don Banker e Mr. BRECKINRIDGE. Mr. Speaker, I John E. (Jack) Cunningham am privileged to rise today to introduce Council will also be able to "borrow" per­ Norman D . Dicks a bill that would create a Federal Trans­ sonnel from other departments and Mike McCormack lation Coordinating Council as an inde­ agencies on a reimbursable basis. The Lloyd Meeds pendent organization within the execu­ Federal Translation Coordinating Coun­ Joel Pritchard tive branch of the Federal Government. cil will make a report to Congress, the WEST VIRGINIA It has come to my attention that the President and the Secretary of State, Nick Joe Rahall II translation community within the Fed­ which shall include recommendations of WISCONSIN eral Government suffers from a number overall policy coordination including any Robert J. Cornell of problems due to a lack of coordina­ suggestions for legislation with respect David R. Obey tion between various Government de­ to the Federal programs it oversees and Henry S. Reuss partments and agencies involved in the standards that it has established. WYOMING translation work. Among these problems In establishing the Council, I do not Teno Roncalio is a lack of standard meanings for many wish to imply that all Government trans­ PUERTO RICO foreign terms, discrepancies in grade as­ lation work is bad; most of it is good and Baltasar Corrade. signments and contract funding among a great deal of it is excellent. But seri­ GUAM translators employed in the Federal Gov­ ous problems do exist in the translation Antonio Borja Won Pat ernment, duplication of work and inade­ community and they require our atten­ VIRGIN ISLANDS quate training of personnel. This lack of tion. This bill is not intended to be a RondeLugoe coordination has also resulted in a com­ final version, but is introduced with the plete lack of comprehensive information hope that it will begin the process where­ on the number and location of transla­ by we may begin to seek out solutions NEW YORK CITY FINANCIAL tors employed in either the private or to the many problems that exist in this ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1978 Government sector, or even a complete vital area.• listi :tg of all commercial firms engaged in translation work. HON. WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD In addition, the number and quality OF PENNSYLVANIA of Federal translators has been steadily ANTI-COMMUNIST-AND THRIVING ON IT! IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES decreasing over the past years at a time when our growing relations with other Thursday, June 15, 1978 countries requires an ever-increasing de­ HON. LARRY McDONALD • Mr. MOORHEAD of Pennsylvania. Mr. gree of communication with them. I feel OF GEORGIA Speaker, during the course of the debate that in a world where international com­ last week on H.R. 12426, the New York munication is becoming more important IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES City Financial Assistance Act of 1978, the accurate translation of material is Thursday, June 15, 1978 the auestion arose whether the amemf­ a national imperative. • Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, amidst ment I offered to conform the legislation The Federal Translation Coordinating all the world's nations there are some tO the Budget Act, and which was Council will establish and coordinate all small ones who are thriving on a national adopted by voice vote, wou~d impair the aspects of Federal translation. It will be ·policy of anticommunism-the Republic ability of the Secretary of the Treasury authorized to conduct a complete census of China, the Republic of Korea and to issue guarantees before October 1, of the translation profession available Singapore. South Korea, it will be re­ 1978. I want to make the record very for Government use, improve the quality called, was given economic aid by the clear on this subject, Mr. Speaker, as I and quantity of translations available, United States for many years and the believe a mistaken impression may have determine which offices in the Federal press called it a bottomless pit. Now been left with Members in the course of a Government utilize translation services South Korea no longer needs economic colloquy with Congressman CAPUTO dur­ and establish principles. standards and aid and has a very healthy economy. ing debate on the rule on June 6. procedures for Federal translation work. Taiwan is now an economic miracle of The Council's duties shall include deter­ sorts and is trying hard to spend her As I mentioned during floor debate on mining which institutions of higher excess dollars as she has such a favorable my technical amendment, all my amend­ learning provide training in the skills balance of trade with the United States. ment would do is to provide that no fund·s required of a translator and an evalua­ Singapore was supposed to fall easily to appropriated under authorization pro­ tion of translation systems in foreign communi<;:-_1 when the British pulled out vided in the bill would be available until countries. It will also have the authority their military bases, but this did not hap­ October 1, 1978. I stated that the amend­ to set such rules and regulations as it pen. As Denis Warner recently told in the ment would not make the legislation deems necessary to carry out the pro­ Daily Telegraph of London for June 5, noneffective, and I quoted from letters visions of this act. Following the dis­ 1978, while all of these nations could be from the Secretary of the Treasury and bandment of the Council 1 year after conquered by superior military force. from Chairman GIAIMo of the Committee appointment, the Secretary of State none is likely to fall to subversion. There on the Budget, both of whom construe shall complete implementation of the is a lesson here and one can hope that my amendment as in no way impairing Council's recommendations. present administration can dimly under­ the ability of the Secretary to issue guar­ The Council will consist of 10 members, stand it, but this appears to be doubtful antees before October 1, 1978. My floor including a delegate of the Secretary of The article follows: State and a delegate of the Secretary of ANTI-COMMUNIST-AND THRIVING ON IT! statements are contained on page H5147 Defense. The President shall appoint the Of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD for June 8, Twenty years ago, South Korea, Singapore remaining eight members, consisting of and Formosa gave little cause for hope that 1978, and the letters quoted therein are two supervisory Federal employees in- if left to their own devices they would not June 15, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17905 succumb to Communism, either by subver­ unceremoniously out of Malaysia and back It will be instructive to observe how wel­ sion or from external attack. on its own apparently inadequate resources, fare States compete.e South Korea, stagnating on American the coup de grace seemed likely to come with handouts, had failed dismally to recover Britain's decision early in the '70s to pull from the devastation of the war or from its out of the military bases, thus depri•Jing own history. In comparison with the mili­ 50,0JO Singaporeans of direct employment THE HILL IS GETTING THE tant aggressive North it was lagging far be­ and the State of 20 per cent of its gross na­ hind. The widespread and fatalistic Confu­ tional product. Prime Minister Lee Kuan MESSAGE cian notion that what would be would be, Yew flew urgently to London to try to per­ provided little incentive for individual or suade Whitehall to change its plans. Though HON. CLARENCE J. BROWN collective initiative. he failed in London he succeeded in Singa­ . Singapore seemed likely to shed its British pore. Calling for a General Election; based OF OHIO colonialism only to become an outpost of on a platform of tighter belts and harder IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES work, he swept back into office unopposed. Peking. Lacking all natural resources the is­ Thursday, June 15, 1978 land had one of the highe.st birth rates and That he meant business quickly became one of the most crushing unemployment apparent when he launched sweeping changes • Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, for rates in the world. Its Chinese schools were in labour laws. Instead of working two shifts many years now my colleague from Ohio, little Marxist academies. a day, with an assurance of heavy overtime, stevedore gangs on the all-important water­ CLARENCE MILLER, has introduced across­ Peking punctuated its claim to Formosa the-board spending cuts to most appro­ with heavy artillery which, in the summer of front began to work round the clock in three 1958, kicked up the dust in the dry fields shifts. The wharfies got free quarters, free priations bills. For the most part the of millet in the island of Quemoy and ex­ meals and free medical attention. Overtime majority party in control of Congress has ploded in the newspapers and chancelleries was out. When they handled more than 14 ignored this effort at fiscal responsibility. tons of cargo an hour, the 13-man gangs be­ However, with the passage of proposi­ around the globe. came eligible for a bonus. Under the new in­ Throughout the towns and villages of centive system. the tonnage handled per gang tion 13 in California last week, things are Formosa in those days, children played under per hour rose from 11 to 15. changing here on the Hill. It appears huge blue and white signs appealing to the One gang decided to go slow. Lee fired it on Congress is finally beginning to realize populace to "complete the national revolu­ the spot. Once the Communist-ridden unions the average taxpayer has had enough. tion-retake the mainland." To the native would have been on the streets in riotous All of a sudden Mr. MILLER's amendments islanders this was just a bad Nationalist rampage. This time there was not a murmur. Chinese joke. are passing as Members realize their con­ Along with multi-storey apartment build­ stituents are demanding a cut in Gov­ Yet today the great success stories of ings offering accommodation for slum fam­ post-war Asia, Japan excluded, are Singa­ ilies and going up at the rate of one new ernment spending and taxes. pore, South Korea and Formosa. They have unit every 45 minutes, Singapore built what The following article from Wednes­ taken massive political and economic shocks it called flatted factories. Foreign investors, day's Washington Star explains the in their stride and have not only lived with especially those interested in high-labour­ "fever" that has just hit the Hill. I but prospered because of the Communist intensive operations, not only had immediate commend my colleague from Ohio on his threat. access to labour but stepped into ready-built persistent work and am glad it is finally South Korea, which exported about $40 factories. million worth of goods in 1961, passed its Texas Instn: ments was in production 53 beginning to pay off. I hope the "fever" economic sound barrier in December when days after selecting Singapore as the site for continues to spread. The article follows: exports for the year reached the $10,000 mil­ ~ factory. Holiday Inns, !coking for a place [From the Washington Star, June 14, 1978] lion mark. It plans to multiply this figure to make hotel furniture, got their site in Is PROP 13 FEVER SPREADING TO CAPITOL HILL? by ten times by 1990 and to have generated three minutes. so much wealth that its per capita income (By Lyle Denniston) Eeonomic development is not by itself pro­ Rep. Clarence Miller's reputation as a \Vill be higher than most middle-level tectwn against Communist penetration; industrialised nations. budget-cutter is more than secure. But, all "The only secure and enduring safeguard of a sudden, it is not such an isolated role. Growth in Formosa has been scarcely less against Communist revolution is good gov­ spectacular b ut more firmly based. The in­ ernment," says Dr. Goh Keng Swee, Singa­ Miller, an Ohio Renublican, has tried regu­ equalities of wealth that once existed, have pore's Deputy Prime Minister and Minister larly to withhold money from government become much less marked and islander­ of Cefense, who was also one of the main agencies, only to find usually that a majority mainlander prejudices to a considerable ex­ architects of the island State's industrial of his House colleagues are uninterested. tent eliminated by deliberate efforts initiated complex. To this he adds an efficient special "Proposition 13" sentiment, however, has by Chiang Ching-Kuo, whose leadership at branch of the Secret Police and the power of begun to make a difference. g:rass-roots level has won widespread sup­ arrest and detention without trial, the ef­ Yesterday, he again offered his nearly rou­ port for a nation-building campaign. fective and proper handling of social dis­ tine proposal to cut an agency's proposed As for Singapore, in per capita income it content through adequately institutional­ spending allotment. has already passed countries like Spain, Por­ ised channels and the absorption of the tugal and Turkey. It has almost dubled its It worked. By a vote of 220-181, after only country's intellectuals in useful occupations. limited debate, the House cut 2 percent out gross national product in five years and mor~ Political stability, the Singapore Govern­ than doubled real earnings in 10 years. The of the budgets of the Labor and Health, Ed­ ment is convinced. is a necessary condition ucation and Welfare departments. That may birth rate is down to one per cent, and for eccnomic growth. unemployment has been reduced to manage­ work out to as much as $800 million. able levels. With minor changes in emphasis, these are Together with a $1 billion cut that the No city in Asia, and perhaps in the world, the precepts that have led Formosa and House had made last week in HEW's budget, is cleaner. Everything works. Dial a number South Korea to the stage where they can no in its first imitation of Proposition 13 feel­ and the phone rings. Post a letter and it is longer be regarded as targets for Communist ing, that made a cut of about 5 percent In delivered. Some corruption may exist but revolution. They may be overrun: they are the Labor-HEW appropriations bill-a huge it is not tolerated. most unlikely to be subverted. cut by usual congressional standards. The promotional tourist advertisments call What no one has yet paid adequate at­ Now Miller is considering whether he Singapore "Instant Asia." Since Singapore's tention to, is the impact these countries and others that follow their example may have should try to put over a 5 percent cut-his 2.4 million people are multi-racial, if mostly favorate amount-for every appropriations Chinese and tightly packed, the description on indulgent economies of the West in an­ other decade. bill as it comes up. He hasn't made up his has some merit. For those in search of quiet mind yet, he said last night. temples with tinkling bells and picturesque The Daewodo Industrial Company in South peasants tilling the fields with medieval Korea, which began operations in 1967 with "Proposition 13 had its effect," he said of ploughs, however. this is not the place. Sing­ a capital of about $10,000, last year produced yesterday's vote. apore is an authoritarian little Japan. more than $600,000,000 worth of goods, of He was referring to the overwhelming vote It is a paradox that at a time when the which nearly half were exported. Mr. Kim of Californians last week to reduce property free enterprise system is being denigrated in Duk Chung, the managing director, told me taxes and roll back government spending. much of the Western world and widespread he could not remember when he had a day Proudly, he noted that backers of the prejudice against large and successful busi­ off. He recruits top graduates from uni­ Labor-HEW bill had calculated in advance ness corporations is coupled with an increas­ versities and puts them to work in the office that his amendment could be beaten. Despite ing resort to Welfare State solutions to prob­ at 6:30 each morning to study foreign lan­ a challenge that the reduction was a "meat lems of perceived social injustice, Singapore, guages before beginning the regular day's ax cut," the House went for it easily. Formosa and South Korea have red carpets work at 8:30. Seven is the official finishing ready to unroll for any passing multi­ time, although as Mr. Kim says "It is often When the House finished work on the bill, national. much later than that." The working week passing it by a vote of 338-61, it was apparent Singapore has thrived on reverses. Thrust is six days. that HEW had lost a lot. CXXIV--1127-Part 14 17906 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1978 Not only were there the cuts last week and The Committee on Science and Tech­ Rep. TOM HARKIN, this, there also was a rebuff of HEW on the nology is convinced that the time has 234 Cannon Office Building, so-called "Bakke issue." come for a focused, goal-oriented, solar washington, D .C. That has to do with the question of DEAR MR. HARKIN: The INFACT (Infant photovoltaic research, development, and Formula Action Coalition) task force of whether government agencies are engaging demonstration program that is based on in "reverse discrimination" against Whites by Ames, Iowa is concerned about the problem giving blacks and other minorities, or women, cooperative efforts between the Federal of mothers turning from breast feeding to preferential treatment in public programs. Government and private industry; and the use of infant formula in the Third World. That issue takes its name from the Alan that the time has come for a realistic The Ames group is part of a nation-wide Bakke case, now awaiting a decision by the determination of the practicality of solar effort of women's organizations, nutrition Supreme Court, on the legality of "reverse photovoltaic energy technologies. H.R. advocates, health care professionals, religious discrimination" in college admissions 12874 would establish such a program, groups and concerned individuals. This group policies. is mob111zing to hal.t the unethical promotion in conjunction with the long-term com­ of infant formula by multinational corpora­ For a week HEW lobbyists had been trying mitment necessary to bring solar photo­ to head off House approval of an amendment tions. voltaic energy systems to the point of Each day in the Third World, thousands by Reps. Robert S. Walker, R-Pa., and Elliott being a viable energy option before the of babies die from malnut rition and dehy­ Levitas, D- Ga. end of the century. The strategies set dration. They are dying because their moth­ Their amendment would forbid the use of ers have been convinced that artificial for­ any funds in the Labor-HEW b111 to carry out forth in H.R. 12874 ar~ as follows: It dedicates the Nation to a 10-year mula feeding, the "baby bottle", is more any plan including a "ratio, quota or other beneficial than breast feeding. They do not numerical requirement related to race, creed, research, development, and demonstra­ come from famine areas, nor are their moth­ color, national origin or sex." tion program in solar photovoltaic tech­ ers malnourished. Death and disease of the Walker, in describing the amendment to nologies, to advance the state of the art babies is due to the following condi.tions: the House yesterday, said it was being of­ and to reduce the cost per unit of energy ( 1) A clean water supply is necessary for fered "so that reverse discrimination can be produced: safe use of infant formula, yet the water stopped; this amendment will take quotas The bill proposes to double the total supply of most developing countries is con­ out of 'affirmative action' programs." taminated. (2) Sterilization of bottle and The amendment apparently would have its U .S. pro-production of photovoltaic systems each year for 10 years, starting nipple is required; this is often impossible greatest impact on HEW, and agents of its without clean water, and the necessary fuel. at once, so that by fiscal year 1988 U.S. Civil Rights Office were working the lobbies (3) Formula must be mixed in proper pro­ around the House to get votes.e production will be 1,000 times what it is portions to be nutritionally sound; often the today. Thus, the production in fiscal instruction for preparations are not in the year 1988 will be 2,000 peak megawatts language of the people to whom it is mar­ of photovoltaic capacity; keted or mothers may be illiterate. (4) For­ H.R. 12874, THE SOLAR PHOTO­ The bill states the Federal intention to mula is relatively expensive. Many fam111es VOLTAIC ENERGY RESEARCH, facilitate adoption of photovoltaic sys­ do not have enough money to purchase the DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRA­ proper amount for their children. According tems by private industry. Federally fi­ to the United Nation Protein Advisory Group, TION ACT OF 1978 nanced demonstrations of practical uses the cost of feeding a six-month-old baby of photovoltaic systems are plqnned for on bottled formula in Tanzania would take HON. MIKE McCORMACK a variety of uses in each region of the 32 % of the family's income, in Nigeria, 47%, and 62 % in Pakistan. Mothers are forced to OF WASHINGTON country: The bill provides necessary and in­ dilute the formula in an attempt to "stretch" IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES their supply, which leads to serious under­ itially aggressive Federal funding as­ Thursday, June 15, 1978 nourishment. sistance for this national effort. This Multinational companies use a wide vari­ e Mr. MCCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I funding will amount to $1.5 billion over ety of advertising and promotional tech­ would like to bring to the attention of the next 10 years, and anticipates an in­ niques to lead mothers to believe that in­ my colleagues an action that was taken vestment of about $2.5 billion by private fant formula is best for their babies. The on June 6 by the Committee on Science industry. Cornell University Research Program direc­ ted by Ted Greiner (Nov. 4, 1977) states one and Technology. By a vote of 33 to 0, the H.R. 12874 sets forth a reasonable but important cause for decline in breast feed­ committee approved H.R. 12874, the aggressive program that will permit this ing is promotion of commercial infant foods. Solar Photovoltaic Energy Research, De­ Nation to demonstrate the feasibility "Having learned how to create demands and velopment and Demonstration Act of and advance the potential of solar photo­ generate tastes for their products at home, 1978; and reported it to the House. This voltaic technologies. many large multinational corporations have act establishes in the Department of I urge the Members to join in sup­ turned their attention toward expanding markets abroad, including those in the de­ Energy a 10-year research development porting H.R. 12874.e and demonstration program for solar veloping world." (Ted Greiner Nov. 4, 1977, P. 3) The promotion campaign includes ex­ photovoltaic energy development. It will tensive mass media advertising, company be on the House calendar on Tuesday, sponsored "health and education programs" June 20. INFACT to promote their products, sales personnel H.R. 12874 is an amended version of dressed as "milk-nurses" or "mother craft H.R. 10830 which Chairman OLIN E. workers", implied medical endorsement, and TEAGUE, Congressman BARRY M. GOLD­ the widespread distribution of free samples HON. TOM HARKIN in hospitals and clinics. Investigations in WATER, Jr., and I first introduced on Feb­ OF IOWA Latin American and Asia countries have ruary 8 of this year. Now the bill has IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES shown that formula compan~es exert a been co-sponsored by most of the Mem­ powerful influence over doctors and hospital bers of the Science and Technology Com­ Thursday, June 15, 1978 administrators. They offer substantial in­ mittee and approximately 100 Members e Mr. HARKIN. Mr. Speaker, I am ducements (research grants, equipment, sup­ of the House. pleased to note that the National Con­ plies, building additions, etc.) to hospitals ference of INFACT the Washington Post to to boycott, Nestle Co. George Washington examined a overriding moral obligation to withhold ing-appeal, appeal, oppose, oppose," said map of the wilderness and predicted that support from this diabolical, totalitarian Jackson. "where the Cuyahoga River flows into Lake "Ratepayers have to pay the price of delay." Erie shall arise a community of vast com­ regime. Let not the legacy of this gen­ mercial importance." A century later, a eration of business and political leaders Mr. Chairman, we should all recognize Clevelander explained his city to a squinting be as shameful as those who chose to the significance of the damage done to easterner: "Smoke means business, busi­ close their eyes to Nazi tyranny until it our country by this professional anti­ ness means money, and money is the princi­ threatened all our freedoms and exacted nuclear harassment. Not only is energy pal thing." Ohio's largest city is bound up from the flesh of mankind the staggering not produced on time, thus increasing with America's basic commodities. total of over 40 million dead. There is an our dependence on imports, but the cost Thomas Edison was born 60 miles west of "Adolph Hitler" in Africa and it is time of energy which the people must have is Cleveland, which became the first city in the substantially and unnecessarily in­ world with electric lighting in a public place, for the President and the administration and the first to -unit electricity and steel in to get behind the public by supporting creased. Almost half of the cost of nu­ transportation (in streetcars) . One of Cleve­ the imposition of strict punitive eco­ clear plants is interest on the construc­ land's thoroughfares, Superior Street, is a nomic and diplomatic action against the tion costs. The people must pay this and reminder of the !ink between Cleveland and government of Idi Amin.e large extra tribute to the professional the great lake, Superior, that is surrounded antinuclear advocates and lawyers who by iron ore deposits. Those deposits were make a living by increasing the cost of shipped to Cleveland's mills and turned into SCHLESINGER AND JACKSON AT­ electricity to average citizens. rails and locomotives. TACK HARASSMENT OF NUCLEAR The time has come to eliminate such Oil was needed before transportation could ENERGY PROJECTS unnecessary costs, and we should start move from steel wheels to rubber tires (tires are giant industry in the state bisected by now by enacting a new nuclear licens­ the National Pike, U.S. 40). The world's first HON. MIKE MeCORMACK ing law, and by amending the National pr0duclng oil well was 100 miles east of OF WASHINGTON Environmental Policy Act so that both Cleveland, and its potential was best under­ these laws will protect our physical en­ stood by a product of Cleveland's Central IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vironment and the public health and High School (John Davison Rockefeller). Thursday, June 15, 1978 welfare of our citizens, but so that the Cleveland is the only major American city e Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, Sec­ new laws cannot be used as weapons to where the original city center is still the retary of Energy James S. Schlesinger harass and delay necessary energy proj­ city's hub. Public Square is the site of the ects for our country and our people.• Soldiers' and Sailors' Memorial, which a addressed a Northwest Regional Energy guidebook gently describes as an example of Conference in Seattle several days ago, " the literalness of Victorian art." It is a and enunciated clearly the administra­ THEN THERE'S CLEVELAND stupendous pile, a granite and bronze clutter tion position of criticism of those in­ of guns and fierce warriors. It is not quite as dividuals and groups who have resorted exuber3.ntly martial as some monuments in HON. MARY ROSE OAKAR Indianapolis, but it adequately expresses late to professional harassment of nuclear 19th-century patriotism. energy projects in this country. OF OHIO One purpose of public architecture is to He was joined by Senator HENRY M. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES create a mood. For example, the Supreme JACKSON of Washington, chairman of the Thursday, June 15, 1978 Court building in Washington is designed Senate Committee on Energy and Nat­ to instill awe for the majesty of the law. But ural Resources, who pointed out that the • Ms. OAKAR. Mr. Speaker, those of us the court is a mere cabin compared with ratepayers are the ultimate victims of who were born and raised in Cleveland, Cleveland's Federal Reserve building. This this harassment by antienergy and anti­ and proudly represent its people in temple to currency has stirring symbolic Cleveland, are very pleased with an statues, and a lobby worthy of a place of growth groups. worship. Whatever an aura of strength can The United Press International re­ article by George F. Will which appeared June 15, 1978 concerning our fine city of do for currency, this building does. ported on this story, from which I have Today many banks resemble hotels, and excerpted the following eloquent synop­ Cleveland. The following is Mr. Will's many branch bank offices are built in a ::; tyle sis of the statements by Secretary Schle­ article: that might be called Neo-Dairy Queen. No singer and Senator JACKSON. THEN THERE'S CLEVELAND wonder the dollar is a ghost of its former self. (By George F. Will) NUKE OPPONENTS SLAMMED Cleveland's downtown is planted thick with CLEVELAND-Long ago, when mankind was thick banks, and is a reminder of the wr.y Energy Secretary James Schlesinger said young and wit was fresh, if someone in an things were. in Seattle Wednesday "continuous guerrilla audience called out "Say something funny," Euclid Avenue no longer has America's warfare" by opponents of nuclear power Mort Sahl, the comic, would say, "John noblest collection of stately homes (my plants is adding about $120 million annual­ Foster Dulles." Today's last-gasp laugh­ nominee is Audubon Place in New Orleans). ly to the cost of nuclear plants. getter for desperate comics is some reference But Cleveland, as much as any city, has been "Congress in 1947 decided the Nation to Cleveland, a city disdained by those who the home of spacious houses of the sort should develop nuclear power ...," he said pluck their values from the preva111ng wind. suited to the life of large families. Such 17912 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 15, 1978 houses were monuments, of sort, to the He recalls swimming in the lagoon after American ideals of individual liberty and energy and confidence of America, and espe­ a test. "The water was tepid, overly warm, economic freedom. In Africa we can see cially of the Midwest, when the nation was to the point of being uncomfortable," he the increasing power of the Soviet Union gathering strength. recalled. My guilty secret, cheerfully confessed, is A month before, the men witnessed an and its Cuban mercenaries-The views that I admire Cleveland. But, then, I also above-water detonation from 6 to 10 miles that Ambassador Young has promoted admired John Foster Dulles.e away. They watched the second blast from are not representative of the thinking of a much closer vantage point. the American people. And Marshall and some buddies shared a It is a puzzle that President Carter KEN MARSHALL, SOUTH DAKOTA gallo:t of pure alcohol that survived the condemns Soviet aggression as a threat VETERAN, EXPOSED TO RADIO­ first blast on o.ne of the target ships. to the security of our Nation, and then ACTIVE MATERIALS WHILE SERV­ Besides losing hair and vomiting, Marshall had other reactions following the tests in tolerates Andrew Young's statements ING IN THE U.S. NAVY 1946. making light of the imposing danger. In "The hair in my armpits turned blood­ an interview in the June 12 edition of red, and when cut, the hair bled. It was U.S. News & World Report, Mr. Young HON. LARRY PRESSLER slightly painful, but again, this cleared up again contradicted the President, and OF SOUTH DAKOTA and I never went to sick bay with my com­ many of his advisers, by asserting that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES plaint," he said. "In those days no one Russia has not been expanding its in­ complained." Thursday, June 15, 1978 When the men were given their physicals volvement in Africa. • Mr. PRESSLER. Mr. Speaker, a serious at discharge, a doctor told them they prob­ Mr. Speaker, I would like to submit, problem that is often overlooked in our ably would be sterile. for the review of my colleagues and for society concerns the many veterans of Today Marshall has five children. But that the public record, two articles which ap­ doesn't ease his mind. He's heard stories of peared in the June 12 edition of UJ3. World War II or shortly thereafter who mutations showing up in later generations. were exposed to radiation from nuclear News & World Report-an interview Only a little more than a year after the with and an editorial on Andrew Young. tests and have not been treated in the nuclear tests, Marshall began to suffer from same way as the islanders who were also ulcers, vomiting blood daily. The views of Ambassador Young should exposed to it. I feel that the Government Since then he's had a list of problems. be repudiated, both by the administra­ should take the initiative in locating the . .. In 1949 his appendix was removed. tion and the American public, and, if various veterans who might have been ... In 1954-, he discovered a large growth President Carter is not led by his judg­ exposed to radiation. By discussing their on the right side of his throat. A benign ment to recall Andrew Young and thus thyroid tumor was removed, similar to those rebuke this misrepresentation of the illness with them, medical knowledge of found in Pacific natives exposed to nuclear exposure to radiation would be advanced. feelings of the American people, then radiation. the Members of this House should take Also, I am told that the U.S.S. Rocking­ .. . In 1972, asthma appeared, a condition ham, the ship on which these men were he blamed on radiation damage to mucus action to express their disapproval. stationed, was destroyed rather than membranes. ANDREW YOUNG ON AFRICA : STILL THE VOICE simply retired. What was the reason for Marshall is convinced that he and thou­ Ol" DISSENT this? If the Government believed th~ sands of other service men have suffered (Interview With the U.S. Ambassador to the ship had been exposed to radiation why radiation poisoning. In South Dakota, four United Nations ) were not the people on board contacted men have complained to VA hospitals about (Carter's most controversial adviser on for­ what they consider to be radiation related eign policy is out in front once again-this to see if they had been uniformly in­ illnesses. time challenging the President himself on jured? A few years ago, Marshall began a letter­ the Soviet-Cuban role in Africa and what the There is a splendid article by Tena writing campaign, calling for tests on other United States should de about it.) men to see if they suffered similar illnesses. Andersen of the Associated Press that I Q . Mr. Ambassador, how should the United wish to insert into the RECORD because it And he applied for a service-connected States deal with the escalating Soviet and represents one of the few works in this disability from the Veterans Administration, Cuban military involvemant in Africa that area. Also, I would hope that other Mem­ but was turned down. seems to concern President Carter so much? bers of Congress reading this who have Marshall received no response until he A. I know it sounds strange, but if you contJ.cted Rep. Larry Pressler, R-S.D., who look at where the Russians were when Jimmy been contacted by people who believe persuaded the VA Board of Appeals to take they are suffering from radiation effects, Carter was elected and where they are now, another look at the case. there probably has not been a significant will contact my office. And the Defense Department in February expansion. The Russians were in Sudan, At this point, I wish to insert Ms. started a search for military personnel who Ethiopia and Somalia. The Cubans were al­ Andersen's article into the CoNGRES­ might have been involved in nuclear tests. ready in Angola. They are still in Angola, but SIONAL RECORD: While the natives of the Marshall Islands their position there is no more stable than it [From the Rapid City Journal, May 17, 1978] have received millions of dollars in payments, was. In three years they have not been able U.S. servicemen have not been compensated. to pacify Angola. It's still a land very much STURGIS MAN SUSPECTS ILLNESS, NUCLEAR TEST Marshall was told by VA officials that his LINKED in turmoil, and wah very many problems. medical records from 1946 did not show he As for the Russians, they were run out of (By Tena Anderson) was sick at the time. Sudan and Somalia. We now see stories of STURGIS (AP)-Ken Marshall stood at the Scientists are not sure illnesses like Mar­ growing strain between the Russians and rail of the USS Rocki.ngham and watched a shall's are caused by radiation. And the VA Cubans and the Ethiopians. By contrast, the mushroom cloud billow skyward from an requires that any disability be reported dur­ United States now has much better relations underwater nuclear test several miles away. ing the time of service-not 30 years later. with Somalia than we did 18 months ago, and "When the waten:pout appeared, and I Marshall said the VA has taken over his we're about to send an ambassador back to saw the battleship go up the side of the $100 a month drug bills. Ethiopia. spout, I thought the world had come to But he won't be satisfied until he finds I've said that we ought to have a rational, an end," he wrote later. out what happened to him. analytical response to the Russians and the It was July, 1946 in the Marshall Islands "I was all motherhood and apple pie, God Cubans in Africa, and not respond emotion­ nea.r the Bikini Atoll. and country at the time," he said. "But it's ally. I'm afraid that we have been respond­ No one knew there was danger in watch­ very disturbing to live a lifetime and find ing emotionally, and I would hope that we ing the blast-even unprotected and at close out you were let down."e would stop and think very carefully about it. range. Q. The tone of this country's response has The 19-year-old Marshall and his Navy been set by President Carter. Don't you share buddies noticed later that their hair fell out THE IRRESPONSIBLE STATEMENTS the concern that he has been expressing in tufts and they vomited severely, but they OF ANDREW YOUNG forcefully in recent weeks? didn't associate those symptoms with the A. I think we ought to have concern, but blast. when concern is translated into panic by others, I don't think it serves the U.S. inter­ Today a 51, Marshall is a chronically ill HON. JOHN H. ROUSSELOT OF CALIFORNIA est. And that's what I'm af.·a.id of: panic. man, suffering ulcers, asthma and other I don't think people here in the U.S. know illnesses. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Africa. Even the best of our experts tend to The Sturgis telephone worker has joined Thursday, June 15, 1978 think of Africa through a European mind­ other veterans asking the government to in­ set. vestigate their cases. e Mr. ROUSSELOT. Mr. Speaker, the Take, for example, the Ogaden region in Marshall's job was to ferry men back and irresponsible statements and actions of Ethiopia. Most of the U.S. press had not even forth to the target fleet between blasts. Ambassador Young work against the heard of it six months ago. Then, all of a June 15, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 17913 sudden, it becomes of great strategic signifi­ by the restrictions on intelligence gather­ A. I don't think much of them. They cance. The Ogaden is really nothing more ing inside Angola, and the fact that it's might work. But you've got to realize that than a thousand miles of sand. difficult to gather adequate intelligence. the Cubans have the capacity to make Q. What about Eritrea? Doesn't Cuban and Q. You don't accept the allegation that trouble for us, too-and I think mainly of Russian involvement there pose a strategic the Cubans share responsibility for the in­ Puerto Rico. They do it politically here at threat? vasion of Zaire-· the United Nations. That really doesn't A. Remember, three or four years ago we A. I did seriously question the charges at count; it doesn't hurt us when a few resolu­ were the ones advising the Ethiopian Army first because of those difficulties, but addi­ tions against us are approved. aga~nst these very Eritrean rebels. We tional intelligence that I've seen convinces You have to remember that Castro and thought it was in our interests to have a me there is truth to the allegation. Cuba were not in any sense a negative force umtea Ethiopia. There's no question that Still, it is important to ask whose interest in the Panama Canal negotiations. They not our concern in Ethiopia is for human rights, is served by the invasion into Zaire. We have only restrained some of the militant senti­ for the territorial integrity of Ethiopia, and heard massive reports of the invasion of Kol­ ment within Panama and supported Gen. basically for a peaceful settlement of dis­ wezi. We have not heard about the attacks Omar Torrijos, but encouraged Torrijos to putes. I'm not sure that what happens in on Angola constantly from FNLA-the Na­ move toward a treaty. Again, you've got to Eritrea makes a great deal of difference to the tional Front for the Liberation of Angola­ analyze the Cuban presence in Africa. The interests of the United States of America. and UNITA-the National Union for the Cubans did not come into Angola in any If one tends to see all this as a great So­ Total Independence of Angola. Those attacks massive military way until the South viet design, and lapses back into the domino are going on continuously. Africans came in. theory, then there may be some cause for I'm afraid that there will be so much chaos Now, my approach to dealing with every­ concern. But we should have learned the that we will not be able to have an intelli­ weaknesses of the domino theory in South­ body is to keep yourself strong so that you gent, negotiated relationship to keep our cannot be hurt militarily, but then be as east Asia. mineral supplies coming and to establish Q. Is there danger that the United States aggressive diplomatically as you possibly can markets. Our relationship with Africa is much afford to be. I think that the world is too big will be perceived as a helpless giant that is more economic than it is strategic. unable to cope with a Russia on the move and too complicated for anybody to dominate Q. President Carter has complained that, it militarily. if this country fails to act? in dealing with the Russians and Cubans in A. That's an image we've created for our­ Q. Turning to the Russians: Do you agree Africa, the administration's hands are tied with people who argue that the U.S. should selves. It's not an image that I accept. I by legislative constraints. Are you in favor would say that, from my perspective here at signal its displeasure over Soviet actions in of lifting these legal restrictions to give the Africa by slowing down strategic-arms­ the U.N., that's not the case. We have more administration greater freedom of action? influence in Africa right now than in the limitations negotiations, or curtailing eco- A. We need maximum freedom in providing nomic relations? recent past-including in Angola. 1 The Angolans are presently cooperating economic assistance, because I think that A. We should signal our displeasure in any our most successful approaches around the with us. They see that it's in their interest way that does not hurt us. It hurts us to to have a peaceful settlement in Namibia. world have been when we have given food slow down SALT. They are protecting our economic interest aid and development assistance. Almost anywhere we have worked mill­ I don't know what to believe about Soviet in Angola with Cuban troops, and they are President Leonid Brezhnev's health, but I supplying the United States with almost 1 tarily we have produced limited results. And almost everywhere we have moved covertly certainly think that the climate in which billion dollars' worth of oil a year. Now, a new Soviet administration will emerge is they're not doing us any favor; they need we have failed miserably-and have produced results that are often counterproductive to being established now. If that administra­ the billion dollars to keep their country tion is established in a climate of detente, going. our interests. I think we ought to be finished we have the possibility of building on it Even the Cuban presence in Angola has with covert activities. I can't point to one toward a more peaceful world. On the other place where we have succeeded with these. not threatened any material United States hand, if that succession is established in a interest at this point, nor has it minimized Q. But some people in the Carter adminis­ climate of missile rattling, we are pointing U.S. influence in Angola. It has created a kind tration have been advocating a covert op­ to the possible destruction of our planet. of psychological impotence among some peo­ eration by the CIA to bleed the Cubans in I don't believe in playing games like that. ple in this country. If we're panicky about Angola- Cubans, and if we think that Cubans are 10 I don't think it's in America's military inter­ A. Well, you bleed the Cubans, and you ests. I know it's not in our political interests. feet tall-that they are supermen and that destroy Gulf Oil in Angola. they are going to sweep the African con­ I always look at what the U.S. interests tinent-we're in trouble. If we realize that Covert operations reflect the kind of cyni­ are. and make decisions on the basis of how Cubans bleed and die, and have the same cal attitude that has threatened to destroy I perceive U.S. interests. I think it's unwise kinds of racial tensions and problems with our relationships with an entire continent. to have a reactive policy. Foreign policy has language and culture that everybody else Fortunately, I think we have learned that to be based on a nation's self-interest, and has-including the Russians-then we can lesson. I don't know anyone who is advo­ we ought not automatically react until we keep a perspective about what's going on. cating that course of action. determine what our interests are. A SALT Q. Do the charges of Cuban involvement Q. Is there anything the administration treaty is very definitely in our interest. And in the invasion of Zaire from Angola change can do to induce the Cubans to pull back I think we ought to be very careful about the picture? Doesn't this threaten U.S. from their African adventures? doing L..nything that jeopardizes something interests? A. I think that there is. We made clear that's in our interest. A. Let me make this point: Angola is al­ to them that we would take it as a serious Q. Should the U.S. try to gain greater most twice the size of Texas. It takes you two breach of principle and a violation of terri­ leverage with Russia by exploiting the Sino­ days to get from Houston to El Paso on torial integrity had they gone on into So­ Soviet conflict? superhighways. There are no superhighways malia-and they stopped at the border. We A. I would tend to lean in that direction, in Angola, and there's not good telephone have talked with them constantly about their because I think one of the defenses we have communications. What we're saying is that role in Eritrea. And they insist that they will in Europe is to keep the Soviet military force a group of people-the Cubans-who are not be dragged into Eritrea militarily-that divided. If the Soviet Union did not have to predominantly in the caoital of Luanda and they advocate a political solution there. look both ways, we would inevitably see a who are doing most of their military opera­ I think that we can get them to work to­ tions in the south against UNITA, have got greater buildup on their western borders. ward a peaceful solution with us in Namibia, It's just plain in our interests to keep them to be responsible for another 5,000 armed men because I think it's in their interest and in from Shaba-which was known as Katanga looking both ways. ours and in South Africa.'s interest. If we Q. What about helning China build its in Zaire. Those men were originally armed can achieve a peaceful settlement in Namibia, by the Belgians, and later fought for the armed forces by providing military equip­ then I think we will have paved the way for ment and weapons? Portugue~e. They later came in to fight with a peaceful settlement in Rhodesia. the MPLA-the Popular Movement for the A. That's a decision for the President and Liberation of Angola. They have fought on Now, where we are diploma tic ally aggres­ the Defense Department. every side. But they have always maintained sive and active, there is almost no Cuban presence. Had we not been aggressively ac­ their own interest in returning to Shaba in WHO DOES ANDY YOUNG SPEAK FOR? Zaire. They had Cuban weapons and Rus­ tive in Rhodesia through the Anglo-Ameri­ sian weapons. They also had Chinese weap­ can plan, Cubans would be all around (By Marvin Stone) ons. Remember, the Chinese also were in­ Rhodesia in every frontline country in large Our Ambassador to the United Nations, volved in Angola. numbers. Had we been able to move diplo­ Andrew Youn!l. is becoming a perplexing You can make a case for almost anything matically in the Horn, we could have pre­ burden to President Carter. Or is he? One or you want to make in Angola. But, in fact, I vented tho Cuban presence there. the other ought to clear the air. don't think anyone can be sure of everything Q. What do you think of proposals that We asked Young to comment on tbe latest that's going on there-not even the Cubans the United States should exert pressure on Soviet-Cuban adventure in Africa in view of cr the Angolans. I think that even the Presi­ Castro to try to diF

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Friday, June 16, 1978

The House met at 10 a.m., and was The Lord will give strength unto His In Thy holy name we pray. Amen. called to order by the Speaker pro tem­ people. He will bless them with pooce.­ pore (Mr. BRADEMAS). Psalms 29: 11. In the spirit of the Psalmist we offer THE JOURNAL Thee our morning prayer opening our The SPEAKER pro tempore. The DESIGNATION OF SPEAKER PRO hearts to Thee unto whom all hearts are Chair has examined the Journal of the TEMPORE open, all desires known. and from whom last day•s proceedings and announces to The SPEAKER pro tempore laid be­ no secrets are hid. Cleanse Thou the the House his approval thereof. fore the House the following communi­ thoughts of our hearts by the inspira­ Without objection, the Journal stands cation from the Speaker: tion of Thy Holy Spirit that we may approved. WASHINGTON, D.C., love Thee more fully and serve Thee There was no objection. June 16, 1978. more faithfully. Strengthen us to carry I hereby designate the Honorable JoHN heavy burdens, give us peace in the m idst BRADEMAS to act as Speaker pro tempore for of persistent pressures, and amid the MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE today. duties of every day give us the insight A message from the Senate, by Mr. THOMAS P . O'NEILL, .Jr., to think clearly and to act courageously Sparrow, one of its clerks, announced Speaker of the House of Representatives. for the welfare of our Nation. that the Senat.e had passed! with amend­ Bless Thou our President, his Cabinet, ments in which the concurrence of the Members of Congress, and all who labor House is requested, bills of the House PRAYER with them. Grant that by their labors of the following titles: The Chaplain, Rev. Edward G. Latch, there may come new achievements for H.R. 10732. An act to authorize appropria­ D.D., offered the following prayer: peace, justice, and good will in our world. tions to carry out the Fishery Conservation

Statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor will be identified by the use of a "bullet" symbol, i.e., •