32790 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 15, 1979 H.R. 544{): Mr. VOLKMER, Mr. TAUKE, and VOLKMER, Mr. RITTER, Mr. SKELTON, Mr. Programs to make grants to States and local Mr. LUNGREN. WOLPE, Mr. AKAKA, Mr. GARCIA, Mr. BROWN governments to cover the costs of planning H.R. 5504: Mr. OTTINGER. of California, Mr. EDGAR, Mr. HoLLAND, Mr. and preparedness under radiological emer­ H.R. 5548: Mr. BEILENSON, Mr. RoE, Mr. JOHN L. BURTON, Mr. HALL of Ohio, Mr. EVANS gency plans and revision of existing radio­ RINALDO, Mr. WEISS, Mr. FROST, Mr. CHAP­ of Georgia, Mr. GUDGER, Mr. MATSUI, Mr. logical emergency plans which provide for PELL, Mr. MURPHY of Illinois, Mr. LAGOMAR­ SHANNON, Ms. MIKULSKI, Mr. APPLEGATE, Mr. State and local response to emergencies in­ SINO, Mr. BONIOR Of Michigan, Mr. HUGHES, HARKIN, Mr. LENT, Mr. McEwEN, Mr. TAYLOR, volving any fixed nuclear facility required Mr. DICKINSON, Mr. BLANCHARD, Mr. DASCHLE, Mr. RINALDO, Mr. SoLOMON, Mr. MILLER of to be licensed under the Atomic Energy Act Mr. BEDELL, Mr. STOKES, Mr. HARRIS, Mr. Ohio, and Mr. STACK. of 1954. LEACH of Louisiana, Mr. LEHMAN, Mr. BaN­ H . Res. 446: Mr. PHILLIP BURTON and Mr. (2) No State or local government shall be KER, and Mr. 0BERSTAR. FITHIAN. eligible for any grant under this subsection H.R. 5575: Mr. CoELHO, Mr. BAUMAN, and unless the State or local government has Mr. KRAMER. submitted to the Nuclear Regulatory Com­ H.R. 5607: Mr. BEDELL and Mr. LEACH Of PETITIONS, ETC. mission, before the expiration of fiscal year Louisiana. 1980, an application which sets forth, in such H.R. 5621: Mrs. HoLT. Under clause 1 of rule XXII, the manner as may be required by the Commis­ H.R. 5775: Mr. BEREUTER, Mr. ERDAHL, Mr. following petition and papers were pre­ sion, a radiological emergency plan (or a re­ GLICKMAN, Mr. LUJAN, Mr. MURPHY of Penn­ sented and referred as follows: vised plan) developed for purposes of con­ sylvania, Mr. TAUKE, Mr. UDALL, and Mr. 221. By Mr. MARLENEE: Petition of a forming to standards established, after the YOUNG of Ala£ka. group of Montana dentists, relative to a date of the enactment of this Act, by the Commission for such plans. H .R. 5813: Mrs. BOUQUARD, Mrs. HOLT, Mr. declaration of dentists' rights; to the Com­ (3) No State shall be eligible for any grant BENJAMIN, Mr. SKELTON, Mr. FROST , Mr. WIL­ mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. under this subsection with respect to any LIAMS Of Ohio, Mr. LAGOMARSINO, Mr. YOUNG 222. By Mr. MARLENEE (by request): Peti­ State plan unless the State plan demon­ of Missouri, Mr. CoLLINS of Texas, Mr. CHAP­ tion of a group of Montana physicians, rela­ tive to a declaration of physicians' rights; to strates an intent to take into account the PELL, Mr. LEATH Of Texas, Mr. JONES Of interests of affected local governments Tennessee, Mr. HUBBARD, Mr. DE LA GARZA, and the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. within such State and of affected electric Mr. MATTOX. utilities. H.R. 5846: Mr. BENJAMIN, Mr. CARTER, Mr. 223. By the SPEAKER: Petition of the 27th (4) Grants under this subsection shall be annual convention, National Student Nurses' ROBERT W. DANIEL, JR., Mr. MCDONALD, and provided to an eligible State or local gov­ Mr. KINDNESS. Association, San Antonio, Tex., relative to ernment which has received approval from nursing research; to the Committee on Inter­ H. Con. Res. 212: Mr. ABDNOR, Mr. BEN­ the Nuclear Regulatory Commission of the JAMIN, Mr. FuQUA, Mr. HANCE, Mr. MARKEY, state and Foreign Commerce. application referred to in paragraph (2). Mr. WHITEHURST, Mr. WILLIAMS of Montana, (5) (A) In the case of any State or local Mr. YOUNG of Alaska, Mr. PRITCHARD, Mr. PAT­ government which did not have a radiologi­ TEN, Mr. ROE, Mr. FISH, Mr. DELLUMS, Mr. cal emergency plan which was concurred in MONTGOMERY, Mr. HAMMERSCHMIDT, Mr. HAN­ AMENDMENTS by the Commission before the date of the LEY, Mr. RAILSBACK, Ms. FERRARO, Mr. PEPPER, Under clause 6 of rule XXITI, pro­ enactment of this Act, the grants provided Mr. STAGGERS, Mr. CHARLES WILSON of Texas, posed amendments were submitted as under this subsection shall not exceed 75 Mr. LELAND, Mr. LUKEN, Mr. EDWARDS of Okla­ percent of the costs of planning and pre­ homa, Mr. BAUMAN, Mr. KoGOVSEK, Mr. HALL follows: H.R. 5297 paredness under such plan. of Texas, Mr. GLICKMAN, Mr. RoBINSON, Mr. (B) In the case of any State or local gov­ PANETTA, Mr. RoBERTS, Mr. BEVILL, Mr. By Mrs. SNOWE: ernment which had a radiological emergency SHELBY, Mr. GRAY, Mr. MICHEL, Mr. MYERS of Page 7, after line 17, insert: plan which was concurred in by the Com­ Indiana, Mr. CONABLE, Mr. RHODES, Mrs. COL­ (b) (1) There is authorized to be appro­ mission before the date of the enactment of LINS of Illinois, Mr. JOHNSON Of Colorado, priated to the Nuclear Regulatory Commis­ this Act, the grants provided under this sub­ Mr. FROST, Mr. ALBOSTA, Mr. BEARD of Ten­ sion, for the fiscal year 1980, not to exceed section shall not exceed 50 percent of the nessee, Mr. BURGENER, Mr. AsHBROOK, Mr. $10,000,000, to remain available until ex­ costs of upgrading such plan and prepared­ FISHER, Mr. SYMMS, Mr. ROSENTHAL, Mr. pended, to be used by the Office of State ness under such plan. EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS THE 65TH ANNIVERSARY OF ST. Pavle Veljkov, was the site of the first orchestrated by the moving songs of the SAVA SERBIAN ORTHODOX church. choir. The children of the church also CHURCH NOVEMBER 14, 1979 In 1938, construction of a new church attend Sunday school each week where on 13th and Connecticut in Gary was they are educated in the traditions of the completed and was the site of services Serbian faith. HON. ADAM BENJAMIN, JR. until a tragic fire destroyed the building The church members come from a OF INDIANA in 1978. Without delay, an altar was long line of immigrants who were ac­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES constructed in the St. Sava Serbian Hall claimed for their contribution to Ameri­ Wednesday, November 14, 1979 and services continued without inter­ can industrial development, initially in ruption, a credit to the unshakeable the mining, steel, and construction in­ e Mr. BENJAMIN. Mr. Speaker, it is my strength and faith of the Serbian con­ dustries. The congregation of St. Sava privilege today to congratulate the con­ gregation who now plan to build a new Serbian Orthodox Church are proud of gregation of the St. Sava Serbian Ortho­ church on 140 acres of recently pur­ their Serbian heritage and culture and dox Church in Gary, Ind. in recognition chased land. cherish the ideals of freedom and de­ of its 65th anniversary. The church is presently under the mocracy. Seven industrious individuals from leadership of the Very Reverend Father I am fortunate to share an identity the Serbian community in Gary began Todorovich. Father Todorovich and his with these outstanding Americans who to energetically organize plans for a congregation of over 700 Serbian-Amer­ believe strongly in their families, church church and school in February 1910. icans uphold the compassionate doctrine and our form of democracy. Each suc­ Through their efforts and the conscien­ of the church in preserving and perpetu­ ceeding generation is making a greater tious participation of others from the ating the Serbian Orthodox Christian contribution to our country including community, a school was established in faith and maintaining the strong moral service to the Congress. As the · years 1911. By February of 1914, the St. Sava character of the Serbian community. pass, not only will the St. Sava Serbian Serbian Orthodox Church was organized Each Sunday, the congregation receives Church grow-but so will the strength and 1 year later a temporary building the divine liturgy delivered in the old and influence of its members on the was secured on 13th and Massachusetts Slovanik and English language by American tradition. in Gary and under the leadership of Rev. Father Todorovich, a beautiful service It is at this time that I ask my fellow

• This "bullet'' symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor. November 15, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32791 colleagues to join me in a warm message all subsequent holidays, fall on either Administration, U.S. Department of Energy, of congratulations to Father Todorovich Saturday or Sunday.e Room 5212E, 2000 M Street, N.W., Washing­ ton, D.C. 20461. and the membershiP of the St. Sava The response to this SRO must contain Serbian Orthodox Church on its 65th complete and precise answers to each item anniversary. Soon the church members PROLIFERATING PAPERWORK AT set forth in this Order. The Report must be will participate in the burning of the DOE signed under oath by an authorized official Yule log, and as tihis longstanding of your firm who has personally supervised Serbian tradition approaches, I extend the preparation of the Report. The Special praise and gratitude to a group of people HON. CARROLL A. CAMPBELL, JR. Report required by this Order must be sub­ mitted to the above address by October 17, who have given so much to the commu­ OF SOUTH CAROLINA 1979, unless an extension of time is granted nity through their hard work and con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to your firm by the DOE. tinuous devotion to God.e Wednesday, November 14, 1979 n. INFORMATION REQUmED • Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. Speaker, there The Office of Enforcement is issuing this has been a lot of discussion in this House Order to verify your maximum lawful selling EXPLANATION OF VOTE ON H.R. about proliferating Governinent paper­ prices (MLSPs) of gasoline at the wholesale 5461, MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR., level to each of your classes of purchaser, work overburdening individuals and including sales to retail motor gasoline sta­ HOLIDAY small businesses. There has been a lot of tions, but excluding sales to ultimate con­ talk about the need to streamline and sumers, and to review your allocation and HON'. BOB LIVINGSTON simplify paperwork requirements. exchange procedures. Accordingly, you are required to submit: OF LOUISIANA Yesterday an incredible example of excessive Governinent make-work which A. Pricing IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES could cost constituents in any of our dis­ 1. A full and complete list of your MLSPs Wednesday, November 14, 1979 tricts thousands of dollars to comply with for each class of purchaser for motor gasoline e Mr. LIVINGSTON. Mr. Speaker, des­ was brought to my attention. I refer to in effect during the period April 1, 1979 to the Department of Energy's "Special September 30, 1979. ignating the birthday of Martin Luther 2. All necessary documentation to support King, Jr. as a legal public holiday is cer­ Report Order," a 5-page, single-spaced these MLSPs, including, but not limited to: tainly an appropriate testimonial to a request for mountains of information. (a) Records, or a certified statement, con­ great individual who dedicated his life Now, Mr. Speaker, this monstrosity, cerning your May 15, 1973 selUng price to to the cause of human rights in this which seeks data for a 6-month period each class of purchaser, and weighted aver­ country. However, due to the manner in on wholesale gasoline pricing, selling and age unit cost of motor gasoline in inventory allocation practices, contains 16 complex on that date (if your first day of business which H.R. 5461 was brought to the ftoor with respect to offering motor gasoline for of the House yesterday, I voted against questions, each requiring extensive back­ up justification. Apparently, the October sale was on a date after May 15, 1973, supply the bill. records, or a certified statement, concerning Under suspension of the rules, the Special Report Orders were sent to about the price charged for motor gasoline to each House was not able to consider responsi­ 500 oil jobbers nationwide as a result of class of purchaser on that first day of busi­ ble amendments to H.R. 5461, which unspecified complaints about pricing­ ness, the unit cost of the motor gasoline would have decreased its inflationary im­ and we can expect more in months to first offered for sale on that date, and the pact. To designate another holiday, with­ come. The jobbers I have spoken with price at which motor gasoline was priced in out having it fall on a Saturday or Sun­ are perfectly willing to comply with any transactions at the nearest comparable out­ day, must certainly be weighed in terms reasonable request by DOE on a particu­ let on that date. Also provide the name and lar problem, but feel this effort amounts address of that nearest comparable outlet of its costs to the taxpayers of our coun­ and, if available, the volumes and purchasers try. The Office of Personnel Management to little more than a fishing expedition of motor gasoline sold from the outlet on calculates that a new paid holiday for costing more in time and money than it that date). Federal employees would cost approxi­ is worth. (b) Copies of all purchase invoices and in­ mately $196 million. The costs do not I am particularly disturbed, Mr. ventory records to support your MLSPs dur­ stop there. Given the fact that thousands Speaker, that it is the Nation's oil job­ ing the period April 1, 1979 to September 30, bers, mainly small businessmen, who are 1979. If your MLSPs for this period reflect of State, county, and city governments unrecouped product costs, prcvide copies of will be asked to follow suit and declare being harassed in this way. We are not talking here about big businesses with your worksheets showing how these costs a holiday for those they employ, the over­ were computed. If your MLSP calculations all costs are estimated to be from 10 to their legions of attorneys. reflect no unrecouped product costs, provide 20 times the $196 million price tag. Congress and the administration share a statement that the prices you charged dur­ a commitment to reduced paperwork. In addition, the hidden costs must be ing this period were exclusive of unrecouped Apparently, the Department of Energy product costs. If you have not computed un­ considered: The closing of Federal Re­ has opted out of doing its part to meet recouped product costs, provide a statement serve banks and thousands of regional this goal. I urge DOE to take another to that effect. offices that provide day-to-day services to look at the need for these reports, or the (c) Provide information regarding your ac­ the poor, aged, and disabled-the same need at least for the kind of wide-rang­ tual sales prices as compared to your MLSP's people Martin Luther King worked for ing information they are requesting. during the period April 1, 1979 to September all his life. Such a holiday would also 30, 1979. have a damaging effect on the already Mr. Speaker, the DOE Special Report (d) If your firm computes legal selUng declining productivity rate in the United Order follows: prices based on individual purchases and SPECIAL REPORT ORDER sales transactions during the period April States. 1, 1979 to September 30, 1979, provide copies Only one leader in our country's his­ I. INTRODUCTION of the purchase invoice(s) along with the tory, George Washington, has been rec­ Pursuant to the authority contained In appropriate sales invoice. section 13 of the Federal Energy Adminis­ ognized by a full weekday holiday in his tration Act, as transferred to the Department B. Allocation honor. Even Abraham Lincoln has no full of Energy by Executive Order Number 12009 1. Purchases holiday in his honor. Nevertheless it is in accordance with Sections 901 and 301 (a) (a) If you supplied customers with gasoline my f~eli~g that Martin Luther King, who of the Department of Energy Organization not subject to an allocation fraction, submit has msp1red so many and whose vision Act (Public Law 95-91) and in 10 CFR § 205.8, copies of the certification ( s) received from aroused a nation to confront the :i.nequi­ the Office of Enforcement of the Economic such customers and the certification(s) you t~es existing in our society, deserves na­ Regulatory AdrrJnlstration of the Department made to your supplier(s). twnal recognition. As I noted earlier, of Energy (DOE), hereby orders Cummings (b) For each grade of gasoline purchased, however, under suspension of the rules Oil Co., Inc. to file a Special Report with submit the name(s) of your base period sup­ respect to a.ll matters set forth below. Your plier ( s) and their allocation fraction ( s) and H.R. 5461 did not allow amendment: response to this Special Report Order ( SRO) the quantity received from each of them for When H.R. 5461 is brought back to the should be mailed to: the months of April, May, June, July, August, House ftoor under normal procedures I Mr. Adna S. Day, Program Manager, Prod­ and September 1979. will support this bill as amended to ;e­ uct Resellers Branch, Enforcement Program (c) If you were not offered your full allo­ quire that this new national holiday and Operations Division, Economic Regulatory cation from any of your supplier(s), submit 32792 .EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 15, 1979 the names of such suppller(s) and the total may not implement any further price in­ quantity not offered by each for the months can Register has editorialized on the creases until you have complied with there­ need to index our income tax rates, and of April, May, June, July, August, and Sep­ porting requirement and have obtained the tember 1979. special approval of the DOE to implement I commend the editorial to the attention (d) If you declined to purchase your full further price Increases. Each day you fall to of my colleagues. allocation, provide for each of the months comply with the reporting requirements is The editorial follows: of April, May, June, July, August, and Sep­ considered a separate violation of § 212.130. SPENDING LID tember 1979, the quantity not purchased, However, pursuant to Section 205.8(b), the matched with the supplier from which you DOE official who Issued this Order, for good "Indexing" 1s a buzz word for particular did not purchase your full allocation, and cause shown, may extend the time prescribed interest for Californians these days. the reason(s) why the full allocation was for compllance with the Order and negotiate It is the idea behind Proposition 4, a not purchased. and approve the terxns of satisfactory com­ follow-up to last year's tax-slashing Proposi­ (e) If you obtained gasoline from non­ pliance. tion 13 that voters will find on their ballots base period suppliers during April, May, IV. REVIEW PROCEDURES Nov. 6. June, July, August, and September 1979, pro­ Prior to the time specified for compliance, Proposition 4 would put a state constitu­ vide copies of all in voices of such purchases but In no event more than 10 days after the tional lid on public spending by requiring and information as to the manner in which date of service of this Order, you may file a that increases henceforth correspond to the you became aware that such supplier (s) had request for review of the Order with the DOE rates of population growth and price infla­ product available. Official who issued the document. The DOE tion. State and local government budgets 2. Sales Official then shall forward the request to his would be indexed to these economic indi­ (a) For each grade of gasoline sold during supervisor who shall provide notice of receipt cators. the months of April, May, June, July, Au­ to you. The supervisor or his designee may This is of immediate concern only to Cali­ gust, and September 1979, provide the allo­ extend the time prescribed for compliance fornians. But the concept of indexing may cation fraction you imposed on your cus­ with this Order and negotiate and approve soon be of considerable interest to the rest tomers, detailed information on the compu­ the terxns of satisfactory compliance. of the country in another context: the fed­ tation of that fraction, and the total volume Nevertheless, if this Order is not modified eral income tax. sold to your base period customers. or rescinded within 10 days of the date of the Congress has dealt with the situation up (b) Provide the monthly sales volume for supervisor's notice of receipt of a request for to now through periodic tax cuts that are April, May, June, July, August, and Septem­ review, (i) this Special Report Order shall really not cuts at all. ber 1978. List separately the volumes sold be effective as issued; and (11) you shall com­ By adjusting downward the rates of in­ as certified for use under an allocation level ply with the Order within 20 days of the flated incomes, they simply return the situa­ not subject to an allocation fraction. date of the supervisor's notice of receipt, un­ tion to what it was before the most recent (c) Did you offer each base period cus­ less otherwise notified in writing by the su­ inflationary spurt. tomer its full allocation? If not, provide pervisor or his designee. You should also Indexing, which has been in effect in Can­ names of such customers for April, May, note that there is no administrative appeal ada since 1974 with encouraging results, June, July, August, and September 1979. to this Order. would build inflation-based reductions into The full allocation amount, and the actual Any questions that you xnay have concern­ the tax laws, removing the necessity of legis­ amount offered. ing this Order may be addressed to Bob lating relief every two or three years. (.d) Did each base period customer pur­ Weyant or Robert King, Department of En­ Tax-rate brackets would be adjusted annu­ chase its full allocation amount? If not, for ergy, Office of Enforcement (telephone 202/ ally to reflect changes in the consumer price April, May, June, July, August, and Sep­ 254-8580). index. tember 1979, provide names of such cus­ V. RESPONSE It is likely to be a few years before indexing tomers, the full allocation amount, and the Any information furnished in response to sees the light of legislative day in the United volume they declined to buy. Also provide an SRO shall be accompanied by the sworn States. And even its most dedicated advocates the date(s) you reported such volume(s) as certification under penalty of perjury of the do n"'ot tout 1t as a cure for inflation. surplus to the DOE and the ultimate distri­ person to whom it was directed or his author­ bution of that product. But 1f we aren't able to lick what ails us, ized agent who actually provides the infor­ joining it through indexing may be the fair­ (e) Provide copies of all Invoices relating mation that (i) a d111gent effort has been est alternative. It at least acknowledges and to sales made during the period April 1, xnade to provide all information required by repeals that hidden tax.e 1979, in which you exchanged (traded) a the SRO, and (11) all information furnished whom you did not have a supply obligation. is true, complete, and correct unless withheld Also provide information as to the manner on grounds of privilege pursuant to Section in which you became aware that such cus­ 205.8(g). AN INEQUITABLE TAX ON CIVIL tomers would purchase our surplus product. VI. FREEDOM OF INFORMATION C. Exchange SERVANTS WORKING IN FORT As your response to this Special Report CAMPBELL, KY. Submit records or Invoices of all exchanges Order is a submission of a document to DOE, (trades) involving motor gasoline made dur­ you should follow the procedures outlined ing the months of April through September in 10 CFR § 1004.11 if you desire to prevent 1979, In which you exchanged (traded) a public disclosure under the Freedom of In­ HON. ROBIN L. BEARD controlled product for a decontrolled prod­ formation Act of confidential or proprietary OF TENNESSEE uct or you exchanged (traded) a decon­ business information contained In your re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES trolled product for a controlled product. In­ sponses .• clude information on the cost of the product Wednesday, November 14, 1979 you offered In the exchange and and any dif­ • Mr. BEARD. of Tennessee. Mr. ferential paid on the exchange by either party. TAX INDEXING BENEFITS Speaker, today I am introducing a bill EVERYONE designed to remove an inequitable tax m. PENALTY PROVISIONS burden facing civil servants who reside Each seller of gasollne Is required to keep records to support the lawfulness of Its prices in the 6th District of Tennessee, but In accordance with 10 CFR 210.92 and 212.93 HON. Dl\NIEL B. CR4\NE work in Fort Campbell, Ky. These per­ and to provide such records upon request. OF ILLINOIS sons pay Kentucky State income tax, Violations of the provisions of the Mandatory IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES even though they are not the recipients Petroleum Pricing Regulations subject the of any services from that State. Wednesday, November 14, 1979 violator to various civil and/or criminal pen­ In most situations where individuals alties and sanctions, including, but not lim­ e Mr. DANIEL B. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, ited to, those described at 10 CFR 205.203. In are domiciled in one State, work in an­ this regard, 10 CFR 205.203(b) (1) (B) pro­ tax indexing has been in effect in Can­ other, and pay taxes in both, one of the vides for the imposition of a clvll penalty of ada since 1974, and the results have · taxes is taken as a credit against the not more than $10,000 per violation. 10 CFR been most encouraging. other. However, several States have no 205.203(c) (1) (B) provides for possible im­ Inflation-the cruelest tax of all-arti­ income tax, making this type of offset prisonment of not more than one year or the ficially expands our income so that we impossible. imposition of a criminal penalty of $20,000 per violation, or both, for a wlllful violation. pay more and more taxes, even though I feel that my bill offers a practical Each day any violation continues to occur Is our purchasing power has decreased. solution for this inequity by simply pro- considered a separate violation for the pur­ Through indexing, we would annually hibiting States from levying an income pose of assessing penalties. adjust tax-rate rates to reflect changes tax or withholding tax on any Federal Under 10 CFR 212.130 1f you do not file the brought about by inflation. Government employee who is not a resi­ report within the time llmits prescribed you The Mt. Carmel (fll.) Daily Republi- dent or domiciliary of such State.• November 15, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32793 GEORGE WILL COLUMN TELLS WHY America loved in the Third World by appeas­ responsibly react to the consequences of UNITED STATES IS IN TROUBLE ing terrorists in Rhodesia and subverting the these economic dislocations. I thank my OVERSEAS shah. colleagues for their support for the many You remember the shah, an ally for 37 defense workers who will be protected years. During the 1973 war he was the only by these legislative initiatives and I look HON. LAWRENCE COUGHLIN ruler in the region who banned Soviet over­ IUghts. He urged an end to the oil embargo forward to further progress in this OF PENNSYLVANIA and rushed fuel to U.S. ships. He rushed arms area.• IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to South Vietnam (you remember South Wednesday, November 14, 1979 Vietnam: an ally deceased) before the ban on such aid went into effect under the PariS A TRIBUTE TO RAY ROBERTS e Mr. COUGHLIN. Mr. Speaker, I in­ accords. (You remember the Paris accords: sert this column written by George F. they brought peace to Indochina.) The shah Will from the Washington Post in the helped the United States in many ways, but HON. DOUGLAS APPLEGATE such is our trembling fear of Khomeini, that CONGRESSIONAL RECORD With the fervent OF OHIO the shah had to become a cancer patient be­ hope that Congressmen and administra­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion officials who have not read it will fore we would let him past the Statue of Liberty. Wednesday, November 14, 1979 take the time to do so, and to digest the A nation afraid of Khomeini should not message carefully. bluster at the Soviet Union. A nation that e Mr. APPLEGATE. Mr. Speaker, I re­ Mr. Will is not a writer given to exag­ blusters about Soviet activities in Cuba cently learned that my friend from geration or hyperbole. His assessment of being "unacceptable," and then says, well, Texas, a distinguished Member of this the administration's approach to foreign er, come to think about it, we just remem­ House, RAY RoBERTS, recently informed affairs is what I believe to be accurate bered that these activities are, well, for want his constituents that he would be retiring and candid. of a better word, acceptable-and, no, don't worry, we won't reject SALT II; we were very from Congress next year. For public officials and citizens alike decent, you must admit, canceling the Bl Although his reputation as a legislator who recognize that the administration's and neutron weapons, no reciprocity asked; in this body is well established, it is his weakness is constantly exploited over­ and, oh, yes: are you quite sure 25 million capacity as chairman of the Committee seas, this column puts into words what metric tons of grain will be sufficient?-a on Veterans' Affairs where I have been has troubled us for almost 3 years. nation that behaves this way had better get able to observe his leadership first hand. The column follows: used to the cackle of derisive laughter. I consider it a privilege to serve with Speaking of grain, and of photographs A NATION AFRAID RAY on two Veterans' Affairs sub­ that take some getting used to, and of the committees. (By George F. Will) price of losing wars, consider Cambodia. If It is difficult, and not at all desirable, to the people who used to rant about "Ameri­ The veterans of this Nation have been be coolly clinical about photographs of can genocide" are re~lly interested (and well served over the years by RAY American citizens bound and blindfolded they really aren't) they should note this: RoBERTs. He has been their champion and spat upon by rabble, but the freezing real genocide looks like what is happening at all times and at every level of legis­ truth is that Americans had better get used in Cambodia now. The starving of millions, lative action. Even in a period of increas­ to such photographs, if they are not already. the obstruction of relief: this is Hanoi's Enduring the contempt of the contemptible work and could be stopped by Moscow. But ing fiscal constraints, Chairman RoBERTs' is just one severity that life has in store for we fiood the Soviet Union with grain while untiring and well-directed efforts have a declining nation. the Soviet Union collaborates in keeping to consistently resulted in improved bene­ A nation that, in gestures aimed at the a trickle the relief for the people it is help­ fits for veterans. For example, only last Middle East, sends an aircraft carrier steam­ ing to exterminate. year, service-connected disability and ing in circles in the South China Sea, and Will we make continued grain shipments death compensation benefits for more sends ostentatiously unarmed airplanes to to the Soviet Union contingent on Soviet than 2¥4 million veterans and 315,000 Saudi Arabia (where many are then cooperation about Cambodia? No. widows and orphans of deceased veterans grounded for days because of bungled plan­ President Carter says Cambodia is "a were increased by 7.3 percent. He has ning and support)-such a nation had bet­ moral issue." Yes. But I, for one, am past ter get used to enemies who think it is im­ already sent to the Senate a bill that trying to understand what he means by that, would increase compensation another potent. Well, not altogether impotent: it and past hoping he will understand that, can unleash Ramsey Clark. between .nations, such issues also are prob­ 9.9 percent, effective October 1, 1979. A nation that loses a war it could have lems of power.e Under RAY's leadership, he has sponsored won by confidently employing its conven­ numerous bills enacted into law to en­ tional m111tary assets had better get used to hance the lives of our veterans. humiliation. A nation that has no serious response when three ambassadors are mur­ Farsighted and yet rapidly responsive dered (in Cyprus, Sudan and Afghanistan) SUPP€>RT FOR THE DODD-McKIN­ to pressing immediate social needs oc­ had better get used to spittle on its cheeks. NEY AMENDMENTS TO H.R. 2063 casioned by the advanced age of many A nation that, in February, orders the Ma­ widows of veterans, RAY has pioneered rines guarding its embassy in Iran to surren­ legislation granting benefits to spouses der without a fight to a mob should not be HON. CECIL (CEC) HEFTEL of deceased veterans. surprised when, in November, another mob arrives to play with the embassy as with a toy. OF HAWAn In this same regard, Chairman A nation that uses an ally such as Taiwan IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ROBERTS has consistently and effectively worked for improvements in death bene­ as a pawn for utterly unnecessary appease­ Wednesday, November 14, 1979 ment had better get used to having fewer and fits. Under his direction, veterans' burial fewer allies of any size, and to the worldwide • Mr. HEFTEL. Mr. Speaker, I address allowances have been increased substan­ conviction that it is a nation with no serious the House today to express my support tially, and five new national cemeteries convictions. A nation that collaborates in for the Dodd and McKinney amendments are in various stages of development. throwing to the wolves an ally like the shah to H.R. 2063, the National Economic De­ Construction will start at Indiantown should not expect respect from the wolves. Respect? For a nation too feckless even to velopment and Public Works Act of 1979. Gap and Quantico next year. A new confine Iran's diplomats to their Washington Passage of these amendments today is cemetery was opened for burials on Long compound when they are collaborating with a victory for communities adversely Island last September, and the Riverside, the rabble of Tehran? Respect? For a nation affected by the cancellation of major Calif., National Cemetery began inter­ so inanely tolerant it does not promptly ship defense contracts or closings of military ments last November. Site selections were home to Khomeini the thousands of Iranian bases. These amendments recognize the announced a few days ago for new na­ "students" who are here 1llegally, and who value of a skilled work force by provid­ tional cemeteries in the Southeast and adore Khomeini-from a safe distance, of ing much-needed supplemental assist­ Midwest. course-from the comfort of what Khomeini calls "Satan America"? ance and advance notice when sudden As a member of the Veterans' Affairs You know Khomeini: he's the fellow An­ changes in defense policies threaten to Committee, I shall miss RAY's sound drew Young said might be a saint. You re­ cause serious economic disruptions. judgment, farsighted vision, and sin­ member Young: he's the fellow who symbol­ The House, in passing the Dodd and cerity when he leaves the House next ized the Carter administration's plan to get McKinney amendments, has begun to year.e 32794 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 15, 1979 RATI'LESNAKE NATIONAL EDUCA­ Wildlife, and Parks; resource offices of Mamie Eisenhower brought to the TION AND RECREATION AREA AND the Bureau of Land Management, indus­ White House a charm and dignity that WILDERNESS tries dependent upon wildland manage­ Americans will long remember when ment and conservation including Bur­ they think of the "Eisenhower Years." lington-Northern and Champion Inter­ As a Pennsylvanian living on the fam­ HON. PAT WILLIAMS national; and, of special importance to ily farm in Gettysburg, she was a friend OF MONTANA the Rattlesnake classroom, the Univer­ that a generation of Pennsylvania Re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sity of Montana and its School of For­ publicans will sorely miss.• Wednesday, November 14, 1979 estry, which contains the nationally unique Wilderness Institute. • Mr. WILLIAMS of Montana. Mr. Of that Institute, Dr. Henry Bugbee Speaker, education, as Jefferson re­ wrote: IN OPPOSITION TO H.R. 2626, THE minded us, is the surest foundation f<'Jr We are ideally situated and prepared to HOSPITAL COST CONTAINMENT the preservation of our freedom and conduct the diverse studies of wilderness ACT OF 1979 happiness. Opportunities for education which the Institute is fostering, and to re­ abound in Montana and throughout the flect on the place of wllderness in American Nation, and it is in the utilization of life from firm experience; we a.Iso have the HON. GARY A. LEE those opportunities that we remain a vi­ full benefit of a. crucial relationship with the OF NEW YORK tal people. Forest Service and with many others who IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES We must continually search out new play a. fundamental part in contributing to educational resources, better ways to the mature perspective on the disposition Wednesday, November 14, 1979 learn to teach, to grope and to find. The of the land. • Mr. LEE. Mr. Speaker, I regret that I complexities of civilization require that We will develop an agreement between will be unable to personally participate we continually push back the frontiers the U.S. Forest Service and the Univer­ in this week's anticipated debate over of knowledge. We must discover, re­ sity of Montana for the administration H.R. 2626, the Hospital Cost Contain­ search, sort, and catalog, and always we of the Rattlesnake Wildlands Education ment Act of 1979. I am, therefore, using must strive to understand. and Research Center. The Center will this opportunity to synopsize my ardent This pushing back of the frontiers of foster and encourage public understand­ opposition to passage of this bill, and my knowledge, this striving to understand, ing of wildlife resources. It will conduct enthusiastic support of the amendment requires a constant search for new learn­ applied research to the wildlife and wild­ to be offered by Mr. GEPHARDT, for the ing and teaching opportunities land of the Rattlesnake. It will sponsor benefit of my colleagues prior to actual There is an opportunity, unheralded and conduct programs promoting dia­ floor debate. I shall enter a more concise as such, in Montana. It exists as a mar­ log between various users of the land summation of my feelings within actual velous chunk of land, an educational re­ in an effort to define resource manage­ floor debate at that time. source, lying along the 114th meridian, ment options and differences. The Cen­ I take these steps because, as a mem­ 61,000 acres of classroom. ter will promote understanding of the ber of the Health Subcommittee and one This soaring, sparkling place which we wildlands and wilderness by conducting who has watched closely the events and Montanans call the Rattlesnake offers tours for the public into the Rattlesnake, orchestration of this bill, I cannot help us and all Americans a vast, wildland specifically designed to include the young but feel its passage would be in ignorance laboratory and classroom in which we and the elderly. of the experiences and forecasts of re­ can explore and unlock. We propose to place an education re­ sults. This bill represents many things, We Montanans, recognizing the edu­ search facility, esthetically designed and but it does not represent a long-term, cational potential of this special place, unobtrusively located, near the wilder­ prudent answer to skyrocketing health­ asl{ that it be designated as the "Rattle­ ness boundary. care costs which many of us are seeking. snake National Education and Recrea­ We, of course, learn much as we play. It is true that America has felt the itch tion Area and Wilderness." Thus, approximately one-half of the of uncontrollable rises in health care for In this classroom we will study the 61,000 acres is being specifically set aside a long time, and that it is no longer a bald eagle, the grizzly bear, the timber for all types of recreation. This area, small nuisance. But H.R. 2626 is not the wolf, the cutthroat trout, the ptarmigan, easily accessible from Missoula and from way to solve this problem. and the wolverine. We will improve our western Montana's major interstate In the first place, on a very general understanding of hibernation, territori­ highway, offers access to hunting, fish­ basis, this Congress is calling for tighter, ality, migration, and nesting. We will ing, picnicking, hiking and all forms of catalog the foliage and the shrubbery. stricter Government control at a time · motorized recreation. It will be an out­ when in almost every other area-trans­ We will study the sources of our water standing wildland playground. Through and seek to know how Nature purifies portation's rail, air, and trucking most that precious liquid. We will peer into its use we will teach ourselves the joy notably-we are demonstrating that de­ the geological past through a slice of and appreciation of the outdoors. regulation is beneficial. It is folly to land unintruded upon by the last ice We shall take with us into the Rattle­ think that more Government is better age. snake laboratory and classroom that Government, and is anything but a We will study the circling of the sea­ which we already know: that all life on short-term answer to a chronic problem. sons, examining winter's grip through this planet is inexorably linked. With But for those who persist in thinking that a frost crystal and spring's invigorating that knowledge and an unbounded deter­ we can legislate this problem away, I ask renewal through the Indian paintbrush. mination to learn and to teach, we will them to examine the records available. And we will seek to know the wind. improve the quality of life for us and the France, for example, has done what we In this classroom lies an unwritten wildlands.• intend in this bill to do, and it is no better chapter of our past in abandoned home­ off than we. The State of Colorado leg­ sites, mines, and cabins. We shall docu­ islated hospital cost control some time ago and now even the original sponsor of ment that story. MAMIE EISENHOWER We will also learn incidentally, that bill wants desperately to get the through the simple process of hiking, law off the books. standing, staring, and sleeping under the HON. BUD SHUSTER I point to my own home State of New big sky. OF PENNSYLVANIA York which legislated mandatory con­ This area, as perhaps no other in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES trols some 10 years ago. Today, as are­ America, is singularly suited as a center sult, we are faced with an almost unbe­ for wildland education. The Rattlesnake Wednesday, November 7, 1979 lievable 75 percent failure rate by hos­ is only 4 miles from the major Montana e Mr. SHUSTER. Mr. Speaker, it is with pitals. Fully three-quarters of the hos­ urban center of Missoula, which houses heartfelt sympathy that I mourn the pitals operate in the re?- ~ve;ry ye~r. I? within it the northern regional office of death of Mamie Eisenhower, this Na­ addition, 35 hospitals have closed their the U.S. Forest Service; regional offices tion's outstanding First Lady and Penn­ doors in the face of forced deficits; one, of the Montana Department of Fish, sylvania's exceptional citizen. the Brooklyn Jewish Hospital, has once November 15, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32795 653-H.R. 5235, to revise the special pay All U.S. legal provisions governing foreign been bailed out of oblivion by the State, provisions for certain health professionals in students come under provisions of the 1952 once by the Federal Government. Those the uniformed services, "yea." Immigration and Nationality Act, Section hospitals which continue to fight deficits 654-Motion that the conference commit­ 241-A-6. Mr. Black has testified before sev­ are doing so with equity they already tee meetings on H.R. 5359, making appropri­ eral Congressional committees that the 1952 hold. At this rate, within 15 years, all ations for the Department of Defense, be Act ought to be revised to prevent abuse 222 voluntary hospitals in my home State closed to the public at such times as classi­ of foreigners' student status and their viola­ will be closed, their equity exhausted, fied national security information is dis­ t ion of our laws. "We know there are hun­ their potential for earnings stunted by cussed, "yea." dreds of what we call 'perpetual students• in 655-An amendment to H.J. Res. 440, pro­ our country," said Mr. Black. "Nobody Government. hibiting the use of funds in the further con­ checks whether they are or aren't registered Better treatments do exist, but they tinuing appropriations resolution for :nilitary at institutions of learning, or whether they revolve around a position which is 180 or economic aid for Iran, "yea." report for classes or engage in other degrees apart from H.R. 2626. Rather 656-H. Res. 454, the rule providing for activities." than force Government further into the consideration of H.R. 2727, the Meat Import When I raised the question of hundreds health picture, we should be moving it Act of 1979, "yea." e of Iranian "students" disturbing the peace further away through efforts to deregu­ outside New York Hospital on Sunday, No­ late, and to encourage and reward open­ vember 5, 19'79, by changing "Long live the market competition of suppliers of health Fedayeen" (Iranian Communists) , Mr. Black care coverage, hardware, and treatment. SICKENING RESULTS OF MADE-IN­ said that the 1952 Immigration and Na­ AMERICA KHOMEINI REVOLUTION tionality Act contains provisions against the We need desperately to encourage ade­ granting of student status "to anarchists" quate planning and forecasting, and to and "to members or affiliates of the Commu­ cajole the industry itself into providing HON. SAMUEL L. DEVINE nist Party" or to any group teaching the violent overthrow of our government or a product at the best possible price. We OF OHIO need to look within our own house at the "advocating a. dictatorship." Yet these na­ medicare-medicaid schedules which may IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tional security provisions of the 1952 Act Wednesday, November 14, 1979 have been virtually ignored due to pressure not have simplv lived by, but actually by Leftist groups. Therefore we Americans encouraged, inflationary payments to • Mr. DEVINE. Mr. Speaker, respected are now witnessing disruptive street demon­ irresponsible suppliers of health care, columnist Alice Widener wrote an article strations by foreign students in behalf of the thus pushing the entire industry's costs entitled "Sickening Results of Made-In­ foreign dictator, Ayatollah Khomeini, who higher. America Khomeini Revolution," on openly called for "a blood bath" on his This Congress is to be lauded for its accession to power in Iran and describes the November 8. United States as "a. defeated a.nd wounded willingness to peal with this difficult During these critical times when the problem, one of America's most pressing snake." . American people are demanding affirma­ We also are witnessing the weirdly in­ of problems. But it should not be allowed tive action by this administration, I feel explicable procedure of having the Carter to approve an incorrect remedy in its all alternatives should be explored, and Administration send Ramsey Clark as U.S. rush to "just do something." We need a I am happy to share the contents of Miss negotiation with Khomeini for the lives of more thoughtful analysis of the disease; Widener's column with my colleagues, our hostages imprisoned in our embassy in we cannot afford to simply treat the as well as readers of the CON-GRESSIONAL Teheran. As Representative Sam Devine of symptor.lS. Ohio said on the House floor, "We might a.s RECORD. well send Jane Fonda." I urge my colleagues to turn away The column follows: Loyal patriotic Americans should demand from the quick fix offered by H.R. 2626, SICKENING RESULTS OF MADE-IN-AMERICA that Congress immediately set up a special and instead to approve H.R. 5635, the KHOMEINI REVOLUTION coinmittee to investigate the role of former Hospital Cost Containment and Report­ (By Alice Widener) U.S. Ambassador to the U.N. Andrew Young ing Act of 1979, being offered as a substi­ and Ramsey Clark in plotting to bring tute. This bill puts in place the machin­ ,NEW YORK CITY, November 8, 1979.-Be­ Khomeini to power in Iran while the U.S. sides the agonizing matter of life or death, Government formally recognized the govern­ ery to conduct the analyses needed to two aspects of the blindfolded hostages solve the long-term problems we face ment of Prime Minister Bakhti&r there. A drama in the U.S. Embassy in Teheran are major part of the disgusting story was re­ through separate demand study and sickening in the extreme: (1) our toleration vealed last February 10 in the New York supply study. Only when both sides of the of Iranian Communist Fedayeen "students" Times by its veteran U.N. correspondent, the containment coin are fully explored can demonstrating in New York City, Houston reliable Kathleen Teltsch. "Andrew Young, we integrate those factors. I believe that and elsewhere in behalf of bloodthirsty dic­ the United States delegate, said today after the fabric which can be weaved from tator Khomeini; and (2) the Carter Admin­ meeting with representatives of the Aya­ such studies will save the American tax­ istration's sending of Ramsey Clark, the man tollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the Iranian ·oppo­ who bears heavy moral guilt for Khomeini, sition leader, that he had been assured 'the payers substantial amounts over the as U.S. negotiator for our hostages' lives. long run, while sidestepping -arbitrary human rights of all Iranians would be pro­ controls. All three major TV networks show the tected.' One of the two Iranians who met Iranian "students" in our country supporting today with Mr. Young was Shahriar Ruhani Thank you for this opportunity.• Khomeinl's death to American policy, then (a. 29-yea.r-old Yale graduate student) , the explain: "Our country can do nothing about spokesman for a group that set up head­ them because their status as students pre­ quarters in Washington a month ago to vents their .being deported even if they com­ coordinate the Ayatollah's affairs in the PERSONAL EXPLANATION mit misdemeanors." In other words, it is United States.'' asserted that foreign agitators posing as Miss Teltsch continued that the two Ira­ "students" are above and beyond the law nian supporters of Khomeini "were joined in HON. ROBERT W. EDGAR in our country. Mr. Young's office by Ramsey Clark, the for­ OF PENNSYLVANIA Astonished at this, I interviewed Thurston mer United States Attorney General, who A. Black, Chief of Special Investigations, visited Iran last month. Mr. Clark, who has IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Immigration and Naturalization Service, 26 been associated with Mr. Young for many Wednesday, November 14, 1979 Federal Plaza, New York City. A 25-year years on civil rights matters and who ar­ veteran of the Service, Mr. Black explains, ranged the meeting, has been favoring United • Mr. EDGAR. Mr. Speaker, on Tuesday, "Foreign students are not immigrants to the States recognition of the Khomeini faction in November 13, I was attending a variety United States. Yet the students enjoy all the Iran." of important meetings in my district rights and privileges of an American citizen, It should be noted that while Young and and was therefore not present for several except that of voting, for so long as they Clark were doing their thing, Khomeini was recorded votes in the House. Had I been maintain their status as students. Because in exile near Paris, France. At the U.N. meet­ present, I would have voted as follows: the Service is woefully understaffed it is im­ ing wi-th Clark and two Khomeini sup­ possible to check on the legitimate student porters, Andrew Young predicted Khomeini RoLL NUMBER, SUBJECT, AND VOTE status of thousands of foreigners in our would be regarded "as a saint." 651-H.R . 5461, to designate the birthday country." Moreover, says Mr. Black, even 1! It is a fact that Andrew Young and Ram­ of Martin Luther King, Junior, a legal pub­ a. student is eligible for deportation, he ca.n sey Giark have been associated with radical He holiday, "yea." enjoy all the legal civil rights procedures Leftwing politics for many years. They both 652-H. Con. Res. 200, expressing the sense available to an American citizen in the way bear heavy moral responsibllity for the in­ of the Congress With res-pect to the Baltic of lengthy hearings and court appeals con­ trigues and behind-the-scenes shennanigans States and Soviet claims of citizenship, "yea." stituting very costly procedures. that brought Khomeini to power. Did the CXXV--2062-Part 25 32796 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 15, 1979 carter Administration know about and con­ like the Shah should not expect respeot from held a special place in the hearts of all done these nefarious messings in the inter­ the wolves. nal affairs of Iran? Who paid for Ramsey Respect? For a. nation too feckless even to Americans. Throughout her public life, Clark's trips to Ira.n and then to Pa.ris to confine Iran's diplomats to their Washing­ she managed to maintain her quiet and see Khomeint? What is the true depth of the ton compound when they are collaborating unassuming manner yet she continually Young-Clark intrigues with the Palestine with the rabble of Tehran? Respect? For a displayed a sense of dignity and strength Liberation Organization and with the Ira­ nation so inanely tolerant it does not ship of character. nian Communist Fedayeen "students" in our home to Khomeini the thousands of Iranian In a recent interview, Mrs. Eisenhower country? "students" who are here lllegally, and who expressed the desire to be remembered The American people ought to demand an­ adore Khomeini-from a safe distance, of course--from the comfort of what Khomeini as "just a good friend" and so she is. She swers to these questions and many more. is viewed by all as a good, loyal, and fa­ Congress s~">Uld immediately undertake re­ calls "Satan America?" vision of the 1952 Immigration and Nation­ miliar friend. SEE REAL GENOCIDE NOW I extend my deepest sympathies to ality Act in regard to students. Strong evi­ You know Khomeini: He's the fellow An­ dence suggests that the abominable Kho­ drew Young said might be a saint. You re­ Mrs. Eisenhower's family on their tre­ mein1 Revolution ln Iran was made in member Young: He's the fellow who sym­ mendous loss.e America.e bolized the Carter administration's plan to get America loved in the Third World by appeasing terrorists in Rhodesia and sub­ GET USED TO SPITI'LE ON YOUR verU.ng the Shah. A LIBERAL'S LATE CONVERSION CHEEKS You remember t!be Shah, an ally for 37 years. During the 1973 war he was the only ruler in the region who banned Soviet over­ HON. HENRY J. HYDE HON. WILLIAM L. DICKINSON fiights. He urged a.n end to the oil embargo, OF ILLINOIS OF ALABAMA and rushed fuel to U.S. ships. He rushed arms to South Vietnam (you remember IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES South Vietnam: an ally deceased) before the Wednesday, November 14, 1979 Wednesday, November 14, 1979 ban on such aid went into effect under the Paris Accords. (You remember the Pa.ris • Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, those of us e Mr. DICKINSON. Mr. Speaker, I find Accords: They brought peace to Indochina) . who have tried to oppose the constant George Will's column which appeared in The Shah helped the United States in many flow of Federal mandates to local gov­ the Sunday, November 11, 1979, issue of ways, but such is our trembling fear of ernment can enjoy the small solace af­ the Montgomery Advertiser-Alabama Khomeini, that the Shah had to become a forded by a quiet "I told you so" after Journal to be a shocking, but true analy­ cancer p81tient before we would let him past reading the following column by Richard sis, unfortunately, of the disasterous the Statue of Liberty. Reeves appearing in the November 12 foreign policy our Nation has conducted A nation afraid of Khomeini should not Chicago Sun-Times. bluster at the .Soviet Union. A nation that during the past 34 months. 'blusters about Soviet activities in Cuba You CAN'T FIGHT CITY HALL-EVEN IF You'RE IN IT It is a record of weakness and appease­ ~eing "unacceptable," and then says well, ment-of constant backing down and ac­ -er, come to think about it, we just remem­ (By Richard Reeves) commodation of those who hate us and bered that these activities are, well, for want NEw YoRK.-You can't go anywhere these who are working for our destruction. of a better word, acceptable-and no, don't days without hearing someone griping about Every Member of this body should read worry, we won't reject SALT II; we were how government is ruining the country. Take and think long and hard on what Mr. very decent, you must admit, cancelling the dinner the other night with Ed Koch. Will says in this column. B-1 and neutron weapons, no reciprocity "It's insane," he said. "They're ruining us." asked; and, oh, yes: Are you quite sure 25 Koch, of course, is hardly your average The column follows: million metric tons of grain will be sum­ citizen. He's not only the mayor of New York GET USED TO 8PrrTL'E ON YOUR CHEEKS cient?-a nation that behaves this way had City, but, before that, was a congressman (By George F. W1ll) better get used to the cackle of derisive for almost a decade--a very liberal congress­ laughter. man. But, kvetching that night, Nov. 1, he WASHINGTON.-It is difficult, and not at all desirable, to be coolly clinical abOut photo­ Speaking of grain, and of photographs sounded like a ca.·b driver thinking about graphs of American citizens bound and that take some getting used to, and of the voting for Ronald Reagan. blindfolded and spat upon by rabble, but the price of losing wars, consider Cambodia. If "Washington just sits there and tells us to freezing truth 1s that Americans had better the people who used to rant about "American do this, do that, do it this way, do lt that get used to such photographs, if they are not genocide" are really interested (and they way," Koch said as we sat around with some already. Enduring the contempt of the con­ really aren't) they should note this: Real of the highest officials of hls city. "They're temptible 1s just one severity that life has in genocide looks like what is happening in looking over our shoulder all the time, threat­ store for a declining nation. Cambodia now. The starving of millions, the ening to take us to court all the time. Keep the hospitals open even 1f they don't have A nation that, in gestures aimed at the obstruction of relief: This is Hanoi's work and could be stopped by Moscow. But we any patients or we'll cut off your aid. Help Middle East, sends a.n aircraft carrier steam­ the handicapped, help the children. Put ing in circles in the South China Sea, and flood the Soviet Union with grain while the Soviet Union collaborates in keeping to a white teachers in black schools. No, we sends ostentatiously unarmed airplanes to changed our mind, put black teachers, in Saudi Arabia (where many are then grounded . trickle the relief for the people it is helping to exterminate. black schools. Teach in Spanish. Now we for days because of bungled planning and have English and Spanish treated equally in support) -such a nation had better get used Will we make continued grain shipments the schools. It's crazy. It never ends." to enemies who think it is impotent. Well, to the Soviet Union contingent on Soviet co­ not altogether impotent: It can unleash operation about Cambodia? No. "But Ed," said his counsel, Alan Schwartz "you voted for all those things ln Congress." Ramsey Clark. President Carter says Cambodia is "a moral A nation that loses a war it could have won issue." Yes. But I , for one, am past trying to "I know," Koch said. "I was dumb. We all by confidently employing its conventional were. We got carried away with what the understand what he means by that, and sociologists were telling us. We have permit­ millta.ry assets had better get used to humil­ past hoping he will understand that, be­ iation. A nation that has no serious re­ ted a small number of people, generally tween nations, such issues also are prob­ gifted, elltest, to dominate the society. This sponse when three ambassadors are murdered lems of power.e (in Cyprus, Sudan and Afghanistan) had was their view. It was never the majority better get used to spittle on its cheeks. view." A nation that, in February, orders the "Well, what happens when you go back to Washington? You know a. lot of people in Ma.rines guarding its embassy in Iran to sur­ MAMIE EISENHOWER render without a fight to a mob should not Congress," I said. "You must be telling them be surprised when, in November, another t~e same thing." mob arrives to play with the embassy as with "I am," be said. "They say they know I'm a. toy. HON. ROBERT F. DRINAN right. But it doesn't make any difference. OF MASSACHUSETTS SHIP THEM HOME They keep voting for more and more. They're A nation that uses an ally such as Talwa.n IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES afraid of pressure from every group that as a pawn for utterly unnecessary appease­ Wednesday, November 7, 1979 wants something from them." ment had better get used to having fewer No one. in short, wants his office or cam­ and fewer allies of any size, and to the e Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, I join paign picketed by Hispanics, or children, or worldwide conviction that it is a nation with my colleagues in mourning the death of people in wheel chairs ... or whoever. no serious convictions. A nation that collab­ Mamie Doud Eisenhower. "Congress bas just become more respon­ orates in throwing to the wolves an ally This gracious and gentle First Lady sive, too responsive," said Ronay Menschel, a November 15·, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32797 mayoral assistant who once ran Koch's con­ veteran organizations and ethnic grbups. memory of his leadership wm long stay with gressional office. "The winds of change would I am also proud to recognize the contri­ -qs. • have once come and gone: but now they're butions and sacrifice of the families of .· I heartily endorse him for this distin­ institutionalized in regulations. The regula­ the members of this organization. I· have guished award. I know his family will be tions have a life of their own. Facility access honored along with his many former col­ for the handicapped is an example. The spoken on the floor of the House of leagues in Congress who, because of his Transportation Department is blindfolded to Representatives on many occasions <;>n efforts, find it somewhat easier to talk with reality. In New York, they ignore the fact · behalf of the interests and concerns of Members from urban areas about the prob­ that our bus system shadows the subway sys­ my congressional district. It is indeed a lems of rural America. tem. We say we'll make the buses accessible particular pleasure for me to speak of Sincerely, to the handicapped, but they say it has to be the great contributions of one of the THOMAS FOLEY, both buses and subways, even if no one in a leading organizations of my congres­ Chairman. wheel chair wm ever use the subways and the money doesn't exist to rebuild them." sional district and our Nation by calling Below are excerpts from letters for Mr. "We could shut them down," Koch joked the attention of the Congress to the work Breckinridge's recommendation for the sourly. "Then we wouldn't be in violation of of the Jewish War Veterans.• Winthrop Rockefeller Distinguished the regulation." Rural Service Award to be included in "New values have found a home in those the RECORD: regulations," said David Brown, a former deputy mayor who is now teaching at Yale. JOHN B. BRECKINRIDGE His efforts were instrumental in achiev­ ..Environmental regulations are an exam­ ing increased national and state funding ple. It's process run amok. Times change, but for rural housing, community programs, and the old plans-the agenda of the 1960s­ HON. JAMES T. BROYHILL industrial development. He worked to co­ have this life of their own through federal ordinate federal, state, and local agency courts and bureaucracy." OF NORTH CAROL~A efforts and initiated valuable outreach pro­ "We're heading for a crisis," Brown con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES grams to make rural Americans aware of the resources available to them.-LARRY PRESs­ tinued. "We can't get this thing back in the Wednesday, November 14, 1979 bottle. We won't be able to come up with LER, United States Senate. all the money to do all the things that have • Mr. BROYHILL. Mr. Speaker, my It was the pleasure of this organization been mandated. Government may not be good friend and colleague, the late John to work with him on several issues affect­ able to carry the burden; it'll be run into the B. Breckinridge, of Kentucky, has been ing the rural poor. After careful considered ground. You'll have public officials who are examination of the issues, Mr. Breckin­ nominated for the Winthrop Rockefel­ ridge came to support many of the positions not upholding the law." ler Distinguished Rural Service Award, "The people out there have nothing to do for which we were advocating... . His with what's happening," Koch said poin,;ing sponsored by Rural America. While the major contributions to rural America will in the direction of Queens and Brooklyn decision on a :final nominee will be an­ continue for many years, however, to make from his elegant, contemporary home in nounced in the spring, I wanted to bring life better for thousands of our rural people Manhattan, Gracie Mansion . "How do they to the attention of the Congress and the through better health care, housing, water feel? I know how I feel. I want to exercise American people some of the individuals and sewage fac111ties, transportation and the authority I'm supposed to have under and organizations that have sent rec­ economic opportunity.--John C. Bush, Ex­ the City Charter. I can't. Most of the time I ecutive Director, Kentucky Council of ommendations to Rural America on be­ Churches. feel I can't do anything. I'm telling you, it's half of Mr. Breckinridge. I also wanted insane."e I can think of no man who has been to insert a copy of a letter sent to Gover­ more dedicated in his work and tireless en­ nor Shafer, chairman of the Distin­ deavors for his constituents. His passing is guished Rural America Service Award a personal loss for all Kentuckians. His­ WOLFF HONORS JEWISH WAR tory will write his contributions to our wel­ VETERANS Committee by Chairman THOMAS FOLEY, House Agriculture Committee and friend fare.... A great Kentuckian and an out­ of the late John Breckinridge. Mr. standing American.-H. C. Besuden, Win­ HON. L'ESTER L. WOLFF FoLEY's letter follows: chester, Kentucky. He was a most effective legislator, but OF NEW YORK It is 'lillY distinct honor to join with more important than even his legislative IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES :those who are supporting the late John B. sk111s was the example he set for all his fel­ Breckinridge for receipt of the Winthrop low colleagues in terms of complete dedica­ Wednesday, November 14, 1979 Rockefeller Award for Distinguished Rural tion and honesty. • Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, it is my Service posthumously. Mr. Brookinridge BERKLEY BEDELL, served faithfully on the House Commit­ Member of Congress. great pleasure to call to the attention of tee on Agriculture during the 94th and this Congress and our Nation the extra-· 951th Congresses. No member of the Com­ ordinary work and commitment of the mittee was a more· effective spokesman for Jewish War Veterans. At 83 years old, rural Amerlca than Representative Breck­ it is the oldest active veterans organiza­ inridge. TRIDUTE TO MAMIE DOUD tion in the United States of America with He played a key role in founding the EISENHOWER a membership of over 100,000 men and Congressional Rural Caucus and served as women. Chairman of the Caucus during the 94th and 95th Congresses. Due directly to his HON. MARY ROSE OAKAR Throughout my tenure in the Congress leadership, the Congressional Rural Caucus OF OHIO and on the Veterans' Affairs Committee is now a thriving organization composed of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the House of Representatives, and as 100 memlbers of the House of Representa­ a member of the Jewish War Veterans, I tives representing both political parties and Wednesday, November 7, 1979 have worked with the Jewish War Veter­ coming from all parts of the United States. • Ms. OAKAR. Mr. Speaker, the passing John Breckinridge was a tireless worker. ans. Their contributions to the life of He never lost sight of his goal to make rural away of Mamie Eisenhower, our former the veterans and their dependents and America a better place in which to live. First Lady of 8 years, was a solemn occa­ to Jewish causes has truly been instru­ He refused to sit back: quietly when any is­ sion both for the Eisenhower family and mental in achieving meaningful bene- sue came before our Committee which had for our Nation. . :fits for veterans and their families and an effect on rural America. He never let an Mamie Eisenhower's presence and now for causes that exemplify the very best opportunity pass without trying to bring absence is felt by three decades of in the traditions of Judaism. The com­ rural America to a higher economic level. He was a stickler for detail, faithfully at­ Americans. Her memory however, will mitment of this organization to veterans tending even the most routine Committee be preserved for future generations in can be noted by their work in health sessions, always looking for an opportunity the annals of our history. Perhaps Mrs. care and, in particular, the funds of over to speak and work on behalf of rural Eisenhower's :finest legacy was exampled $600,000 raised for a new wing for a America. in her undaunting loyalty and devotion hospital in Beersheba, Israel. John Breckinridge is no longer with us, both for her husband and for her family, Mr. Speaker and my distinguished col­ but all of his efforts to focus attention on as well as her unquestionable love for leagues, in these times when our Nation rural America had a great impact. Through her country. his efforts the Congressional Rural Caucus seeks leadership and direction, the con­ has become an effective forum for the dis­ Not only was Mamie Eisenhower's per­ tributions of this outstanding organiza­ cussion and considerwtion of vital issues. sonal life characterized by her total tion can serve as an inspiration to all John Breckinridge lead the way and the dedication as a wife, a mother, and a 32798 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 15, 1979 large and constantly growing segment of our grandmother, but also was that same velop it in 10 to 115 years. But, in the sincerity of purpose extended to Ameri­ meantime, America is now being threat­ population. Thank you very much. cans and foreign dignataries alike in her ened by Iran to cut off oil supplies after Sincerely yours, the first of the year. I say, let them MRS. HENRY C. DUCKER, service as our First Lady. While we shall Corresponding Secretary ·• continue to feel the loss of Mrs. Eisen­ drown in their oil. We don't need it. hower's gracious smile, we remain grate­ America has more coal reserves than all ful for having had the opportunity of the known oil reserves in the world. We· A JOINT UNITED STATES-SOVIET knowing her and realizing her value.• should not continue to be spineless and AIRLIFT COULD SAVE THOUSANDS subservient to foreign oil producing IN CAMBODIA countries. COAL IS THE IMMEDIATE ANSWER This Nation's coal reserves are vast-­ enough to achieve energy independence. HON·. STEPHEN J. SOLARZ HON. DOUGLAS APPLEGATE But, to do this, we must burn all we can OF NEW YORK now. Coal is the immediate answer. We IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF OHIO must replace oil with coal as quickly as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES possible. We can still maintain national Wednesday, November 14, 1979 Wednesday, November 14, 1979 ambient air quality standards while we • Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Speaker, last Thurs­ day Congressman SIMoN and Congress­ e Mr. APPLEGATE. Mr. Speaker, the do so. Commonsense must prevail if we Iranian situation has placed this coun­ are going to see that this country pro­ man BoNIOR testified before Senator PELL try in a very precarious situation by vides its citizens with ample home heat­ and the Senate Foreign Relations Sub­ holding hostage U.S. citizens in return ing fuel, fuel for transportation, fuel for committee on Arms Control, Oceans, In­ for the Shah and also threatening to cut electricity, fuel to create energy to run ternational Operations and Environment off our oil shipments by the first of the our factories and businesses, and fuel to to explain their proposal, supported by 66 year. It is an outrage that this Nation provide energy independence. other Members of the House, that the is not better prepared to protect its America must be secure, mobile and Uni.ted States seriously explore the pos­ citizens abroad. independent. Let's use what we already sibility of an immediate joint United We shouild not second-guess the have, coal.• States-Soviet airlift of food, medicine, President of the United States in this trucks, and other humanitarian relief type of a situation, but, when this coun­ supplies to Cambodia. try does act, it should be with swift, HOUSING AND TRANSPORTATION As one of the strong supporters of this tough, and affirmative action-not by NEEDS OF THE ELDERLY joint airlift, I would like to commend our pussyfooting around. two colleagues for their leadership and President Carter has now start-ed to resourcefulness in proposing this plan, take necessary steps in an attempt to HON. THOMAS J. DOWNEY which could provide a significant break­ solve this problem by ordering that the OF NEW YORK through in the international humanitar­ visas of Iranian citizens currently resid­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ian relief efforts to prevent the destruc­ ing in this country, particularly the stu­ Wednesday, November 14, 1979 tion of the Khmer people . . dents, be verified. If any violation in the Such a joint airlift would not be cheap regulations exist, these individuals will • Mr. DOWNEY. Mr. Speaker, I recently but it would be a most worthwhile invest­ be deported immediately. received a letter from the Amityville ment in human life. An airlift would Senior Citizens Commission, about the The President has cut off all importa­ be an excellent fast-track solution that housing and transportation needs of the could break the logistical logjam and tion of Iranian oil in an effort to nullify elderly. In a very real sense, this letter the Iranian threat of cutting off our speaks for every older American and get the needed trucks and equipment in supply, and I support him on this. I can eloquently asks us to help them to help place so that food and medicine could well understand this and preliminary re­ themselves. I completely agree with their be distributed to all areas of the coun­ ports indicate that this will not jeopard­ views on this subject and commend their try where they are desperately needed. ize or disrupt our energy supplies. I also letter to the attention of my colleagues. Mr. Speaker, the testimony of Con­ applaud his actions to prevent the with­ gressman SIMON and Congressman drawal of Iranian deposits and securities The text of the letter follows: DEAR CONGRESSMAN DOWNEY: We, the mem­ BONIOR follOWS: from American banks until the safe re­ bers of the Amityville Senior Citizens Com­ JOINT STATEMENT BY REPRESENTATIVE PAUL lease of the citizens being held hostage. mission are writing to you to enlist your sup­ SIMON AND REPRESENTATIVE DAVID E. BONIOR These moneys should be held in our pos­ port for older Americans in the areas of Mr. Chairman, we appreciate this opi>or­ session until the hostages are released housing and transportation, especially tunity to testify before you on how we in and all U.S. military and other types of needed for Long Island. the U.S. Congress can best address the food property are returned to this country. I A suitable living environment and a de­ shortage and distribution problem in Cam­ am hopeful that I1e will also cut off all cent home for every American must continue bodia. to be a National goal. The Federal govern­ Over the past several weeks it has become trade and the sale of parts for American ment must continue to take an active role in clear that food aid is not reaching Cambodia military equipment they now possess. ensuring adequate shelter and related serv­ quickly through. Thousands of people are Once we have secured the release of the ices for all citizens, including the elderly. dying of hunger while outside relief is still only trickling into the country. Americans being held hostage, we should Any program addressed to the housing take immediate steps in severing all By air, some 15 tons of food is reaching needs of the elderly must be ftexible, both in Phnom Penh each day, carried on a C-130 diplomatic relations with Iran. America the types of housing made avalliable, and the transport from Bangkok, conducted by does not need Iran in its present political standards used to determine eligib111ty for UNICEF /International Red Cross. By sea, state. this housing. over the past month about 10,000 tons of food The small nations of the world are Older Americans should be able to retain and other relief supplies have arrived in the continuously gammg power through the option of remaining in their own homes country through the port of Kampong Som. what the United States is giving to them for as long as they are able, and as long as The opening of the Mekong River is expected they choose to do so. In order to do this, to enable distribution of up to 8,000 tons a and they, in turn, use this power against especially in our area, the problem of trans­ month, if all goes well. us. America has fallen into its own trap portation must be dealt with. But these efforts, important though they of dependence upon oil producing na­ Priority must be given to the development are, do not come close to meeting the needs tions because of its failure to develop and improvement of our public transporta­ of the Cambodian people. The Red Cross es­ America's own great natural resources. tion systems, which are vital to our economy timates that 1,000 tons of food are needed This Nation has been led down the in a. time when energy supplies are running each day just to keep millions of Cambodians proverbial ·'primrose path" by its re­ out. More of the six bililon dollars in the alive over the next few months. Dr. Jean Federal Highway Trust Fund should be allo­ Mayer, the nutrition expert, estimates the liance and trust on the U.S. oil com­ cated to the support of public transporta­ Cambodians will need up to 2,500 tons per panies which have held back on tech­ tion. A major concern of our elderly is lack day if they are to fully recover from the nology that would allow a clean and eco­ of mobility caused by inadequate or inacces­ etfects of the present !amine. nomic alternate fuel--coal. sible transportation. Clearly, other means must be found to get We are 40 years behind in this tech­ We ask you to please consider these special these increased quantities of food into the nology and now we are pushing to de- needs of our elderly, who represent a very country. November 15, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32799 We propose a joint Soviet-American airlift each grain of rice goes, we must deliver the membered and respected for her genu­ of food, medicine and trucks into Cambodia. food. We believe such a proposal is a feasible and We must also remember, in connection ine support to the work of our former expeditious way of delivering emergen~y with the monitoring question, that the op­ Commander and President, Dwight D. supplies. We, along with 66 other House posing armies in Cambodia wlll not hesitate Eisenhower, in past years in war and members coordinated by Members of Con­ to try to deny food to each other, or even to peace. On behalf of the people of the gress for Peace through Law, made this pro­ certain civ111an populations. Yet this situa­ U.S. Virgin Islands, I wish to add my posal in a letter to President Carter last tion must in no way diminish our wUlingness statement of sympathy to her family week. to provide food aid. After all, during the and to this testimonial for the REcoRD.• Why a joint airlift? . Vietnam war the U.S. frequently used crop First of all, because the "land bridge'' denial tactics and resorted to the whole­ proposall has been rejected, and it is time to sale destruction·· of crops in area.S controlled discuss new initiatives. The land bridge pro­ by the National Liberation Front. posal had obvious merits-it was the least ex­ Finally, the last, and major, issue delay­ HEW WASTE STUDY A STUDY IN pensive and the most efficient way of bringing ing a. joint airlift must be addressed. Will WASTE large amounts of food a.ld into Cambodia­ the Soviets cooperate? We are optimistic. but it was met with suspicion and resistance We differ strongly with those who criticize from the Heng Samrin government. Whether the Soviets for a lack of action, and we be­ HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK it was rejected because the food might have lieve their rhetoric hurts, rather than helps, OF OHIO gone to the Pol Pot soldiers along the Thai the chance for cooperation. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES border, or because it was proposed by three The Soviets have indeed acted construc­ U.S. Senators whose government has form­ tively, without talking about it. According Wednesday, November 14, 1979 ally backed the Pol Pot Government through to a Washington Post article (Nov. 4), in ad­ its vote at the United Nations, or because of dition to various State Department sources, e Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, the a military decision to keep all non-military the U.S.S.R. and its East European allies have American taxpayer must really wonder vehicles off the roads during the present of­ contributed 200,000 tons of food and other what is going on in Washington, D.C., fensive, makes little difference. The point is supplies to the Heng Samrin government. ox­ every time they pick up a newspaper and that new proposals must be made, without fam observers in Phnom Penh report that see increasingly ludicrous examples of delay. the Soviets are helping to provide 4.5 ounces how this Government wastes their Second, we believe a joint airlift is more of food per day for the population living in money. It is getting to the point that practical than a U.S. airlift. and around tbe capital city. Furthermore, waste of tax dollars seems to be done With the history of our own m1litary in­ three East European countries, whose policies volvement in Cambodia and Indochina as are usually in conformity with Moscow's, in­ for waste's sake. There is just so. much a whole, and our most recent diplomatic tervened witb the Cambodian government on hard earned money flowing into this support of the Pol Pot delegation at the behalf of the UNICEF/ICRC food aid negoti­ city no one knows what to do with it U.N., a unilateral airlift would most prob­ ators. except to throw it away. The ultimate ably be perceived as a hostile act by the There are other signs which indicate that perversion of American values is the fact Heng Samrin government. An airlift under­ the Soviets have not ruled out such coopera­ that big government only knows how to taken solely by the U.S. might result in the tion. take money away from individuals and loss of American pilots and planes, and The Heng Samrin government, with appar­ might even endanger the food aid agree­ ent approval of the Vietnamese and the So­ how to squander it. The idea of actually ment that the Heng Samrin government has viets, opened up the Mekong River to barge giving money back to the public when concluded with UNICEF/ ICRC and with the traffic, thus signaling a positive attitude to there is no need for it is not even in the private voluntary agencies. outside assistance; thinking of most bureaucrats. Individ­ We believe that a joint airlift where the Senator Sasser's report that the Cambo­ ual tax dollars are just so much fodder U.S. and other nations would supply the dians would welcome an increase in inter­ for the Government to swill down. food, medicine and trucks, and the Soviets national aid came after a meeting with Am­ The latest example of Government would provide the pilots and planes, would bassador Keo Prasath, who represents the waste should embarrass even the most be a workable arrangement. If the Soviet Heng Samrin government in Moscow. Union was not willlng to supply aircraft, Our own informal and very preliminary staunch apologist for big brother. HEW then planes could be chartered or borrowed soundings reveal that the Soviets are willing set aside $184,000 for a 1-year study why from other countries. to consider the proposal. there is so much waste in the adminis­ Finally, we believe that a joint airlift In our October 30 letter to the President, tration of the Nation's welfare system. makes more sense than a U.S. one due to we asked him to start immediate negotia­ An entire year went by with little if any th& close nature of the Soviet-Vietnamese tions with the Soviets on the joint airlift. We work done on this study. At the end of relationship. As their closest ally, the Soviets have since met with and discussed the idea the fiscal year HEW had unspent money would be able to play a crucial and con­ with high State Department officials, and structive role, which we-given our history­ await reports back. in this account. Bureaucrats, panicked will never achieve alone. In closing, we recognize that our joint air­ by the prospect of not spending all the What are the problems inherent in such lift proposal is not a panacea. But we do be­ money given them, immediately granted an airlift? lieve it must be pursued. a contract to a firm who spent less than Will it work? For the Soviets, it would have the advan­ 24 hours on drafting a study proposal. First, there are logistical problems. Who tage of simplifying their on-going efforts at The consulting firm proceeded to go loads the planes? From where? Who files providing food aid to the Phnom Penh gov­ through the motions of carrying out the them? ernment. It would also reduce their costs study to the point of running out of We believe these hurdles can easily be significantly, insofar as the U.S. would sup­ overcome. Since the Soviets and their Viet­ ply large amounts of food, medicine and money before the project was completed. namese allles are already tlying transport trucks. Additional funds were spent on the planes in and out of Cambodia, adding addi­ For the United States, the plan would pro­ study. At that point the fraudulent na­ tional planes should not be a major prob­ vide the only means at present to expedite ture of the whole project began to sur­ lem. According to State Department officials, the delivery of food and emergency aid which face and the flow of funds dried up. At three planes, each with a capacity of a has been approved by the Administration and this point there is no report, no funds, 747, tlying daily into Cambodia, could sup­ by the Congress. and a lot of unanswered questions. ply 15,000 tons of food per month. While the For both countries, a joint humanitarian costs would be high, there do not appear to airlift for Cambodia would be a measure of Every year this Congress hears im­ be any insuperable obstacles it its creation. tbe true value of detente.e passioned pleas from agencies that they Second, there are problems in following­ need millions or billions of dollars more or "monitoring" the distribution of food. We than last year to carry out their respon­ wish to address this issue. sibilities. Every year we hear of stories We agree that monitoring will, under this TRIBUTE TO MAMIE EISENHOWER like this one on how incredible waste plan, be very difficult, if not impossible. We goes on in the Government and how recognize that it is unfortunate, though probably inevitable, that some of the food difficult it is to stop such waste. I offer will be eaten by Heng Samrin soldiers. But HON. MELVIN H. EVANS the full coverage of this one example we would point out that right now, even OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS to my colleagues in the hopes that they without an airlift, at least some of the food IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES will be as repulsed by its details as I was. aid distributed along the Thai border bas After reading this example of waste I been eaten by Pol Pot guerillas. Regardless Wednesday, November 7, 1979 hope they will consider the one sure-fire of whether somebody's soldiers eat some • Mr. EVANS of the Virgin Islands. way to put a stop to this squandering fOod, and whether or not we know where Mr. Speaker, Mamie Eisenhower is re- of this Nation's limitP.d resources. All 32800 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 15, 1979 a former deputy mayor of Los Angeles, bllled ing the government too much money because we have to do to stop waste is to cut the government for 23 days of work on the of waste in administration. The annual funding to those agencies 'Yho. waste welfare study, for which he and the firm budget for AFDC was $6.7 b1llion. the money. Cutting off the p1pelme for were paid a total of $8,167.93. Twelve people Guckenheimer and Wong decided to hire fraud may be the only way to .force re­ who worked on the study, including project a consulting firm to study why administra­ forms that are always prormsed, but manager Hafezi, said that to their knowl­ tive costs were excessive. They prepared a never occur. This is the · one tool this edge, Aragon did not actually work on the questionnaire that would be sent to welfare congress can use, but never has the guts project. Aragon denies that he bllled falsely. offices in all 50 states to attempt to determine Three other officials of the firm billed where the waste was. to use. I say the time has come for HEW for days that they did not actually The money that was avallable to fund action. work, according to the project manager and this study fell into a special category in The material follows: others. which the contracts were to go to small, CONSULTING FIRM PAID $29,000 BY U.S. FOR Roberto Moreno, a vice president, falsely minority-owned firms, on a no-bid basis. WoRK NEVER DoNE billed HEW for 12 days totaling $3,482.31. Mariscal and Co. is classified as such a Moreno denied in an interview that he ever (By Jonathan Neumann) firm because its owner, Robert Mariscal, is a billed falsely. Mexican-American. His company is one of Top executives of a Washington consulting Rosenberg falsely billed HEW for 30 days the largest minority-owned firms in the firm fraudulently collected at least $29,000 totaling $9,397.31. Rosenberg said in an in­ nation eligible for this program, with offices tn federal funds after the government gave terview that false billing was a common in Washington, Los Angeles, San Francisco their firm a contract to study why there is practice at Mariscal and Co. "This was a and Phoenix. It handles about $1.9 mlllion a so much waste in the administration of the black period in my life," he said. "I tried year in contracts, most of which are publlcly nation's weLfare system, according to pres­ very hard not to compromise myself, to bill funded. ent and former employes. honestly.... But I'm afraid I did compro- When Ouckenheimer and Wong decided An examination of personnel records and mise myself ... I'm not proud of it at all." to contact Mariscal and Co. about the pos­ interviews with 18 employes of Mariscal a.nd William Holleran, an associate of the firm, sible contract, they called John Broglie of co., the consulting firm, show that four falsely billed HEW for 18 days totallng their procurement office. Broglie called company officials bllled and collected salaries $7,931.59. Holleran acknowledged that he had Aragon at Mariscal. from the government for at least 84 days in billed to the project for days he had not "Aragon told me of the AFDC offer,'' recalls which they did .not work on the consulting actually worked on it, but said he later Rosenberg, who was then the vice president study. worked nights and weekends to try to make for administration at Mariscal. "I had about The study itself, a one-year project that it up. 24 hours to write up a formal proposal to cost the Department of Health, Education Aragon's weekly timecards ffom Oct. 1, send to the government." and Welfare $184,000, was characterized as 1978, to Oct. 1, 1979, contain b11lings to sev­ "Barry [Rosenberg] and I spent a few virtually meaningless by most of the con­ eral government agencies under contracts hours writing the proposal," said Mitchell sultants who worked on it, including the held by the firm for 160 days work, totaling Diamond, a consultant at the firm. "It was project manager. '$46.396.17 in federal payments. The time­ obvious that the government didn't know Consultants said in on-the-record inter­ cards bear the company president's signa­ exactly what they wanted. This was the end views that the study was hastily commis­ ture in several different handwritings. Sec­ of the year money they had to spend so they sioned when HEW found itself with un­ retaries said they routinely filled out and could use up thei.r budget. spent money at the end of the fiscal year signed Aragon's timecards in his absence, "So we wrote a couple of pages that didn't and that the firm, which was chosen by a billing to the numerous contracts arbitrarily, say anything, but we knew they'd accept it," process that does not require competitive whlle Aragon at times did not even know Diamond said. bidding, submitted a proposal for the study what was on the timecards. They wrote three pages discussing the pro­ that was written in less than 24 hours. In an interview last Wednesday, Aragon posal in general terms, beginning with the The interviews also disclosed that most insisted that all of his b1llings were accurate sentence: "Administrative costs in AFDC of the people who worked on the study, in­ and that he personally signed all of his time­ have demonstrated a continuing upward cluding the project manager, considered cards. Yesterday, Aragon said that he had re­ trend in recent years which has exceeded themselves unqualified to conduct the re­ checked his records and found that he was the growth rate in caseload expenditures." search a.nd that the data gathered was in­ "in error" during the interview. He said The proposal estimated that the cost of com'Plete and ambiguous. someone else signed his timecards on anum­ data collection and data analysis studies The consulting firm also ran out of its ber of occasions at his direction. He main­ would be Blbout $180,000. initial government money two months be­ tained, however, that the blllings were ac- Aragon negotiated with the government fore the project was to be finished. So in curate. · during the next few weeks over the cost July it asked for-and was immediately Robert Mariscal, the owner of the com­ of the contr81Ct. On Sept. 25, 1978, Mariscal gtven-a.n additional $23,050. pany, denied all charges of wrongdoing by was awarded a contract for $161,245. Rosen­ Mariscal is one of hundreds of consulting people in his firm. berg was to oversee the administration of firms in Washington, ma.ny of which survive Mariscal acknowledged that he spent the project at Mariscal. The firm hired on federal funds available for a seemingly much of the past year in Las Vegas, where Hafezi, a former welfare official in Iran who endless variety of studies. he oversaw the opening last summer of a had applied for a job earlier that summer, new hotel and casino, the Nevada Palace. The federal government awards thousands to be the manager of the project. Mariscal is the chairman of the board and According to the contract, the govern­ of consulting contracts each year-many on the majority stockholder of the casino. a no-bid basis- totaling billio.ns of dollars. ment would collect the data--the question­ There are no precise figures because the "To my knowledge, t~1ere has never been naire results from the states-and the con­ government has no central accounting sys­ anybody in the [consulting] company who sulting firm would analyze it. tem to track or a.udit consulting contracts. has intentionally ripped off a contract," he "From the beginning," Hafezi recalled said in an interview. In recent years, federal investigators a.nd it was obvious we were going to face a lot auditors in various departments have found In a lengthy interview at the firm's of problems with data rel1ab111ty and growing problems of fraud, fund misuse Georgetown office, Aragon, Moreno and vice credib111ty. The questionnaire was not and unaccountabllity tn consulting firms. president Robert Graulek said the allega­ designed in a professional, proper way." But the government has done little to con­ tions against the firm were coming from a "There was no instruction manual for the group of disgruntled former employes. survey," Rosenberg said. "The states were trol or even monitor the consulting industry. not told how to answer the questions. The Barry Rosenberg, a former vice president "There are about 20 former employes who are very unhappy," Aragon said. data coming back would not be uniform and at Mariscal and Co .. described his firm's one­ might well be useless." year study as a "complete rip-off. It's a ter­ "They hate us, there's no doubt about it," Rosenberg and Hafezi voiced their con­ rible, terrible study. The taxpayer is just Moreno said. cerns to Guckenheimer and Wong. But lt throwing money down the tubes." Based on interviews with employes of was too late. The questionnaires had al­ Samad Hafezi, the project manager for the Mariscal and of the federal government, this ready gone out. They could not be changed. study, described the roles of both the fed­ is the story of the welfare study contract: Hafezi said that he did not know what eral government and the consulting firm as In late August 1978, near the end of the to do. He wanted to keep the job-which "chaotic and fruitless." He said he even­ fiscal year for HEW, several million dollars of paid him $25,050-but he was afraid it was tually refused to sign invoices from the firm contract money was still unspent at the meaningless work. He told Rosenberg of hts to the government because he feared he Social Security Administration (SSA). concern. mil!ht be authorizing the theft of federal Two officials of the SSA's omce of Famlly Rosenberg, who says that in retrospect funds. Assistance, Ludwig Guckenheimer and he is not proud of his role at Mariscal, re­ "I couldn't do my job anymore because of Jacques Wong, had several ideas for con­ calls telllng Hafezi: "Look, theyr'e paying us all the false bllling by company officials," tracts that could be awarded. a lot of money to do this. Don't complain. Hafezi said. Earlier consulting studies had found that Do your job. I don't know what they [the According to company records and inter- the largest portion of the nation's welfare federal government] want, either, but as views: system-a program called Aid to Families long as they keep giving us money I won't The company's president, Manual Aragon, with Dependent Children (AFDC)-was cost- complain." November 15, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32801 . For · the first several months of the con­ Rosenberg said he was aware that false b111- said the reason !or the overspending was tract, Hafezi and others went to several ing was a common practice at Mariscal. false billings, refused to sign the letter to states to meet with AFDC officials to dis­ "I refused to have anything to do with the government. Moreno signed the letter. In cuss the questionnaire. Each month Ha!ezi money. I refused to sign invoices," Rosenberg It, he explained that the government could wrote a "progress report" that went to the said. "We had constant difficulties with the actually save money by authorizing another federal government. In it, he would say the West Coast offices-people always bllling for $23,050 for the project. study was advancing with no serious prob­ work they hadn't done. This was much worse By September, Hafezi refused to sign any lems. in other federal contracts." invoices to the government. Rosenberg, Elsey "I know the reports didn't really say any­ William Elsey, another former vice presi­ and several others he had worked with had thing," Hafezi recalled. "But what could I dent of the firm who quit because he was not already quit in frustration. Stlll others had . do? I wanted to keep my job." paid, said in an interview: "Frankly, as far as been fired for lack of funds or because they In January, about three months after the I know, that [the AFDC study) was one of the complained too much. study began, Guckenheimer and Wong de­ cleaner contracts at the company ... There Gra ulek and Moreno took over Hafezi's cided to cut off the survey. At that point, was false bllling all the time in the CSA financial duties. 28 states had been contacted. The original [Community Service Administration) con­ In late September, Aragon fired Hafezi. plan was to survey all 50 states, but the fed­ tract. And a lot of false bllling from the West "Samad," he told him, "we have no more eral officials thought that 28 states would Coast." billings for you. You can leave on Octo­ be sufficient. Aragon's account of his work at the firm ber 1." "I don't understand why they cut it off," differs sharply from the accounts of many The report was supposed to be completed Ha!ezi said: "This was not a representative staff members. and in the hands of the government by sample or anything else scientific. It made Aragon said that he worked an average of Oct. 1. But it was not ready. no sense." five or six days a week in the office, usually In late September, Wong and Gucken­ Many of the questions addressed to the putting in 10 or 11 hours a day. He said he heimer read a partial draft of the report. 28 states were left unanswered. Statistical kept track dally of the projects he worked on. They rejected it, and asked for changes. The expel'ts hired to oomplle and analyze the and filled out and signed his time-card at the consultants are still working on the report. data found that on some key questions, as end of every week. "They're not paying us for the work now," few as eight states had responded. Eighteen other employes of Mariscal said Aragon said. "The cost is coming out of our "The answers were in no way uniform," they never saw the president in the office five pockets. In the end, we're going to take a said one data analyst, who asked not to days a week. At an average, they said, he was loss on this thing. We're going to be $3,000 be named. "The same question was answered in the office one day a week. or $4,000 in the red on this project in the in four different ways by four states: in one. Frances Estes, formerly an office manager end."e the response was in dollars; in another it at Mariscal, said: was dollars per case; in another it was in "I handled the time sheets for probably manhours, in the fourth, the answer was two years. Manuel [Aragon) would say, "Fill ST. CLARE OF ASSISI CHURCH CELE­ in percentages. The data was useless." it out the opposite or the way it was filled out BRATES 50TH ANNIVERSARY Richard Clark, an attorney who works for last week. Whichever contract had the most the Department of Housing and Urban money on it, he would want to blll to it, Development but formerly worked at Maris­ whether he worked on it or not ... HON. MARIO BIAGGI cal, was one of those who reviewed the data "I think he probably worked once In in the AFDC study. awhile, but It wasn't on the contract he bllled OF NEW YORK "It was inadequate, no one can doubt to. He wouldn't even know half the time IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that," Clark said in an interview. "We told what he was bllling to. I'd have to tell him." the government all those things, but they Others in secretarial positions also said Wednesday, November 14, 1979 didn't do anything about it." they filled out and signed timecMds for e Mr. BlAGG!. Mr. Speaker, I wish to So the firm continued to process and Aragon. bring to the attention of my colleagues analyze the data, although the consultants An examination of Aragon's weekly time­ here in Congress a recent special event believed the project was meaningless. cards during the 12 months of the AFDC Ha!ezi admits that he had no statistical study showed that his signature differs quite which was celebrated in my hometown background, and he realized that he was not dramatically on different weeks. of the Bronx. The 50th anniversary of actually qualified to do the job assigned to Asked last Wednesday to respond to what St. Clare of Assisi Church was marked by him. employes said of his working hours and blll­ a Mass of Thanksgiving, concelebrated "Almost everyone working on the project ing, Aragon said: "There's a confilct here." by His Eminence Terence Cardinal was not properly qualified," he said. Asked then about the discrepancies in his Cooke, telecast by closed-circuit televi­ But by April, Hafezi had other worries. One signatures, he said "Well, you know, some­ sion to cover 500 members of the parish of his jobs each month was to gather and ap­ times you sign these things quicky." prove employes' blllings for the project. He He insisted in that interview, however, that who attended. would sign the invoices to the federal he~nd no one else---£igned all of his time This congregation presented to Cardi­ government. cards. nal Cooke a golden anniversary book on Hafezi became worried because he continu­ Yesterday, Aragon said he rechecked his the history of the Morris Park area ally received billings to the project from peo­ records, and found "I was in error" during where the church is located. Originally ple whom he had not asked to work on it, and the first interview. He said that in May, June, begun as "St. Dominick's Chapel" by the who had not, in fact, worked on it on the days July and half of August, "I didn't sign any for which they had bllled. or my timecards." He said secretaries signed Reverend Dominic J. Fiorentino in 1928, Among those who falsely bllled were Ara­ for him. it was later to grow into the parish it is gon, Moreno, Rosenberg and Holleran, Ha!ezi "I was working mostly in my home during today, founded by Rev. Francis J. said. that period because of the pressure at the Cagnina. In addition, a bronze plaque Rosenberg and Holleran worked on the office," Aragon said. "I called in and asked inscribed with contributors to the church project, but they did not work all of the days secretaries to sign for me. It's not ideal prac­ renovation fund was unveiled in the that they bllled for, Hafezi said. Moreno did tice, but as far as I can determine it's not church vestibule as a tribute to the hard almost no work on the project, he said. Ara­ 1llegal." work and sacrifice which members of gon did no work on the project, he said. He said he chose not to come into the Hafezi's assessment of the roles of those office because so many employees were un­ this community have made for the bene­ four men was confirmed by 11 other people happy. He said the company had "money fit of their church. who worked at Mariscal. problems," and could not pay all of Its bllls St. Clare of Assisi has always been Ha!ezi complained to his superiors about or expenses to employes. knoNn to those who live in the Bronx what he saw as false billing. · Aragon bllled the AFDC contract for 25 as a symbol of family and community Moreno, in an interview, said he knew of days. Project manager Hafezi said that he spirit. Its members are proud of their no false b1lling, and said that Hafezi and the knew of no work Aragon did on the study. others who complained of it were being However," he said Aragon might have been Italian heritage and share this pride by "ridiculous." justified in claiming salary for two days over their commitment to preserving this Holleran said that at one point, he con­ the course of the year for any informal con­ heritage through church activities. The ceded to Hafezi that he had b1lled for work on versations or phone calls he had in connec­ school which is run by the church is the AFDC project. He said he agreed to work tion with the project. Thus, Hafezi said, well-known for its excellence and fur­ nights and weekends to make up the work. Aragon falsely billed for 23 days. thers the parish commitment to include Others at the firm described Holleran as a By mid-July, because more people had all members of the family in religious, "hard working" and "honest" man who billed to the project than had been planned, moral, social, and educational instruc­ was caught up in a dishonest system. They the project ran out of funds. It used up its said that he, like others at Mariscal, was told $161,2'i5 budget two months early. tion. to bill to certain contracts even if they did So the company wrote to the federal gov­ I am proud to represent this commu­ not work on the contracts. ernment asking for more money. Hafezt, who nity here in Congress and they are to 32802 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS. November 15, 1979 be commended for their dedication to no longer cared. If this had been a routine SALT-THE SOVIET PERSPECTIVE those values in life which are often call, routinely handled, they could have been ignored, but are invaluable in our ev­ in and out of there in five minutes. As it was, eryday li:v.es: family, community, ethnic one officer was on the telephone for half an HON. LARRY McDONALD hour to American Express to report the loss OF GEORGIA heritage, and devotion to God and his of the checks and find out how I could be teachings. As a fellow Italo-American helped. The other was checking the garbage IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I salute their traditions and hope that cans of 43d Street for the missing handbag. Wednesday, November 14, 1979 they may be an inspiration and an ex­ Although they didn't come up with it, they ample to other Italian-Americans of the seemed sincerely concerned. e Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, as the importance of respect and preservation The two policemen were the first in a time for the debate on SALT U in the of our common heritage.• series of New Yorkers who looked on my mis­ Senate draws near, it is time that the fortune as a personal affront. Yet another debate over throw weight, megatons, policeman-this one on duty later for the and other technical data be set aside, in Hispanic Day parade on Fifth A venue­ my view. The United States should now .NEW YORK: "WONDERFUL TOWN" chatted amiably. When he learned of my ex­ take a long look at what has taken place perience, he declared, "Well then, lady, why since World War U and where we and don't we make this a parade just for you?" The people responsible for securing our the world are headed in our systemic HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM theater tickets were upset-and helpfully struggle with the Soviet Union. In that OF NEW YORK practical. After a great deal of hasty phoning context and that context alone, the vote IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and explanation, we were ushered to our for SALT n should take place. Some will say we cannot look into the minds of the Wednesday, November 14, 1979 fifth-row seats at the Plymouth Theater by a sympathetic manager. Soviets and precisely know their inten­ • Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, we who The woman at American Airlines was crest­ tions, but we can listen to an expert who live in New York City hate to hear bad fallen. No problem about a replacement lived and worked on their side for years things about our town and love to hear ticket. "And you will come back again, won't and knows how they think. Thus, today you?" Cab drivers, walters, hotel staff--every­ I am inserting into the RECORD part I of it praised. So I am irresistibly impelled body I spoke to shared this spontaneous feel­ to include in the RECORD the following ing of concern and readiness to make amends. a study by Dr. Igor S. Glagolev on account of one visitor's experience in the If that doesn't make a city great, what SALT for the consideration of my col­ "Big Apple" Iowa and raised in Colorado, so her ties to the Midwest are Dr. Glagolev was closely associa..ted with way it was a confirmation. You don't reallze Soviet preparations for SALT negotiations you are in Hawaii untll you see a grass skirt. strong. Some have called our area the and contributed papers for the decision­ You don't belleve you are in Venice untll a heartland; if that means that we who making -agencies during the process of nego­ gondola floats by. And you can't belleve you live there believe in the truths of the ti1970s, the fleet of 630 long-range tack against Moscow and other major So­ B-52 bombers has been gradually retired viet cities and industrial regions from non­ PERSONAL EXPLANATION without any replacement leaving less than Soviet air space. And the area of the U.S.S.R. 350 combat B-52 planes in servtce.1o The itself is defended by a strong anti-aircraft American strategic aviation was withdrawn system. HON. TOBY ROTH from its bases in North Africa and some other The old B-52s are very vulnerable. They OF WISCONSIN regions, leaving the U.S. without the power use long runways and are concentrated in a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of deterrence against the Soviet Union's oper­ few airfields. Only 30 percent of them are ations in Africa. The aggressive forces of kept on alert and the remaining 70 percent Wednesday, November 14, 1979 different countries supported by the Soviet would be easily destroyed by a few warheads • Mr. ROTH. Mr. Speaker, due to my Union were allowed to wage several small in a first Soviet strike. But those B-52s absence on Tuesday November 13, I wars simultaneously against weak local that are on alert status are also vulnerable missed a number of votes. Had I been troops or guerrillas, which have practically on the ground to attacks from Soviet sub­ no aviation. marines close to U.S. shores. The slow B-52s present, I would have voted as follows: Strategic aviation is the most powerful and in flight are easy targets for the Soviet stra­ Rollcall No. 651: Designating the effective weapon in conventional wars. In­ tegic anti-aircraft misslles and supersonic birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr., a fantry, artillery, tanks and the navy cannot interceptors. As a result, very few of these Federal holiday, H.R. 5461. "No." be moved to a distant theater of war with bombers would be able to hit important Rollcall No. 652: Expressing the sense the speed of aviation. The speed and power targets. of Congress with respect to the Baltic of the first strike can be decisive in light­ At present, the B-52s are being retired States and with respect to the Soviet ning-type invasions by Soviet and satellite without replacement. The slow air-launched claims of citizenship over certain U.S. troops. Hungary in 1956 and Czechoslovakia cruise missiles will be useless once there are citizens, House Congressional Resolu­ in 1968 showed that the Soviet troops can no strategic bombers to use as their carriers. occupy a country in a couple of days-if In order to stop the growth of Soviet tion 200. "Yes." they meet with weak resistance. The mobllity superiority in strategic aviation, it is nec­ Rollcall No. 653: To revise pay provi­ provided by strategic aviation is very impor­ essary to implement the production pro­ sions for certain health professionals in tant when the offensive is staged in several grams of modern long-range B-1 bombers the Uniformed Services, H.R. 5235. "Yes." countries simultaneously, as in Africa at which was stopped recently. The B-1s are Rollcall No. 654: Agreeing to the mo­ present. far more effective than the obsolete B-52s tion that the conference committee meet­ Both cruise missiles and ballistic missiles (subsonic). Their speed at high altitudes is ings on H.R. 5359, Department of De­ can be launched from strategic bombers tn 1,050 miles oer hour-exceeding by 400 mph a nuclear war far from target areas, dimin- the speed of the B-52s. They have a nuclear fense appropriations, be closed to the public at times classified information is ishing the vulnerab1Uty o! the bombers to payload o! about 26 tons, twice as great as the anti-aircraft defense whlle increasing the the payload of the B-52s, and they can under discussion. "Yes." effectiveness of the missiles launched close to carry twice as many cruise missiles. They Rollcall No. 655: Agreeing to an targets (not from another hemisphere or sub­ require less take-off time and shorter run­ amendment prohibiting the use of funds marines). In a time of crisis strategic ways. Thus, a relatively large number of for military or economic aid for Iran in bombers take off from their airfields be­ B- 1s would be able to take off in time, House Joint Resolution 440. "Yes.'' coming less vulnerable than ICBMs (which avoiding destruction on the ground by cannot change their locations). The bombers, enemy missiles, while their deployment in Rollcall No. 656: Agreeing to the rule in addition, can return to their home bases a greater number of airfields with shorter under which the Meat Import Act would if the enemy attack does not materialize runways would make them less vulnerable. be considered, House Resolution 454. avoiding a dangerous miscalculation, whil~ The B- 1 program stipulated construction "Yes."e November 15, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32805 HAMTRAMCK'S DODGE-MAIN: A Are we to write off whole cities and en­ Otherwise, we all will be paying a very PLANT AND ITS CITY FALL VIC­ tire regions of the country because there high price, indeed. TIM TO CHRYSLER'S DECLINE is no planning mechanism in place to What is now happening to the Dodge­ anticipate economic shocks, competitive Main Plant in Hamtramck is critical to pressures from overseas, or the lack of the long-term solution of our economic HON. JOHN, CONYERS, JR. capital to modernize old plants and problems. The former mayor of the city OF MICHIGAN finance new ones? Can we afford any of Hamtramck, Mich., William V. Kozer­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES longer the haphazard, incremental, and ski, recently put his finger on tne prob­ Wednesday, November 14, 1979 piecemeal approach of putting out one lem as succinctly as I have heard it put economic fire out after another, without anywhere. He told a conference of local • Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, in all of really addressing the larger picture of elected omcials in Michigan a few months the discussion on providing Federal aid industrial decline and mass unemploy­ back: "Don't forget Hamtramck. What is to Chrysler, there has been too little at­ ment? happening to us could happen to you tention given to keeping open Chrysler's The critics of aid to Chrysler-and later. We are in it together." Dodge-Main plant in Hamtramck, Mich., who clearly shed few tears over the clos­ The tragedy at Dodge-Main is the sub­ which the company earlier in the year ing of the Dodge-Main plant-can argue ject of the following article by Warren decided to shutdown. only for the primacy of "free enterprise" Brown, "A Plant and Its City Fall Vic­ The fate of this assembly plant, which and let the chips falls where they may. tim to Chrysler's Decline." It appeared at one time produced over 510,000 cars If these individuals get their way, the in the Washington Post, Wednesday, No­ a year, employed over 20,000 workers, Federal Government's unemployment, so­ vember 14. It ought to be read by all of and was a flagship in Chrysler's world­ cial insurance, and welfare programs will my colleagues. wide operations, is inseparable from increase beyond their wildest dreams and The article follows: what happens to Chrysler and to Fed­ still there will be no prospect of getting A PLANT AND ITS CITY FALL VICTIM TO eral efforts to prevent the regional econ­ people back to work. CHRYSLER'S DECLINE omies which depend on it from col­ The crisis is not just one of a single (By Warren Brown) lapsing. company. Others are likely to go down HAMTRAMCK, MICH.-This predominantly The shutdown at Dodge-Main tells that road, too. It is really a crisis of jobs Polish working-class comniunity, an mcor­ the story of what has gone wrong with and communities across the Nation, that porated enclave within the city of Detroit, is the American economy and economic we ought to be addressing. going under. The pity of it is that at Dodge-Main A decision by the financially a111ng Chrysler policy. There are, after all, very few in­ Corp. to close its gargantuan, obsolescent dividuals, knowledgeable about condi­ there are thousands of workers; now laid Dodge Main plant here is speeding the tions in automobile industry and in off, who have the skills and experience decline. transportation, who really believe that to keep producing goods, and certainly There is a sense of abandonment, a feeling the Chrysler case is unique. the desire to stay at their jobs. There are of anger among many of Hamtramck's 25,000 Last May Chrysler, without much no­ hundreds of facilities across the country residents and neither emotion is significantly tice, informed Hamtramck it would be that once were productive centers and relieved by efforts to save Chrysler with $1.5 now are abandoned. It seems as if we blllion in federal loan guarantees. closing down Dodge-Main by July of The Dodge Main plant has been the main­ next year. This decision was particularly create all kinds of opportunities for the stay of this city's economy for 75 years. But, distressing because, earlier, the com­ private sector to close down their plants come next July, it w1ll close no matter what pany had indicated that it would move and throw people out of work only to end the government does. forward to modernize the plant, as it up decrying the unemployment in our The plant is symbolic of much that has has done with other facilities. Since that midst and the heavy costs to the tax­ brought Chrysler to its present state. It is payer. old and worn out, an e.ging white elephant announcement was made, no one bas geared to the production of cars for a less spelled out the reasons for closing Dodge­ What happens at Dodge-Main is a sign fuel-conscious age. Main down and the evidence to support of what is happening and will continue Its workers say they are not at fault, that their case. to happen to other parts of the economy, since 1914, when the first car rolled off the unless we do something about it. That line here, they have produced -what company The only thing the citizens of Ham­ something is to create a mechanism for officials told them to, what market re­ tramck know about the plant, which is implementing a national full employ­ searchers said Americans wanted. the mainstay of the city's economy, is ment and production plan, as is called For a. while, as many as 12,000 cars came that Dodge-Main has been in existence for in the Humphrey-Hawkins Full Em­ off the assembly line here in a. six-day work­ since 1914, underwent many changes in ployment and Balanced Growth Act of week. production and modernizations in its But Chrysler did not change fast enough, 1978. Such a plan would provide a frame­ often enough or imaginatively enough t o suit long history, but has become the vic­ work for cooperation between business, consumers, the workers say, and now t hey are tim of the declining fortunes of its par­ labor, and Government at the level of the stuck with a pla.nt nobody wants and a. "save ent company. If Dodge-Main had not firm, entire economic sectors, and for the Chrysler" proposal that wlll do t hem little been chosen for shutdown, it is likely whole economy. It would insure a system good. that another of Chrysler's older plants of checks and balances, corporate and "You tell me what in the hell that $1.5 would have. blllion is going to do for Dodge Main." said public, so that jobs would be protected, Mary Farmer Kinney, a. 38-yea.r-old black who A year ago, Dodge-M~n had a work the economies of local communities safe­ lost her job at the plant last month after 10 force of nearly 9,000; todly all but 2,600 guarded, and economic growth main­ years there. have been laid off. Hamtramck already tained. "They're stlll going to close our plant," she has lost $2 million in revenues, a quarter Companies would be responsible for said. "Those of us with not much seniority of its annual operating budget, laid off prenotifying workers, communities, and are still going to be out of jobs." 63 city employees, and cut back numer­ Her comments were typical of those made the Government of plans to modify or by other workers. ous services to its citizens. As a recent shutdown facilities. Arrangements would She said the United Auto Workers union Department of Transportation study has be made for maintaining personal income local "ain't doing much t o help people with shown, these and other workers laid off while at the same time retraining workers little seniority." by Chrysler will not likely find jobs with and retooling plants. Workers would be "I don't want the government's $1.5 billion the other auto makers-since GM and given a direct stake in the operations of and I don't want the government's ADC [Aid Ford already have laid off significant the companies they work for, including to Fam111es with Dependent Children]. All I numbers of their own workers--or other significant representation on their boards want is my damn Job back," Kinney said, types of work in the Detroit Metropoli­ of directors. The Government would be crying. Art Harrison, a white in his 50s who has tan area, in Michigan, and in the other responsible for overseeing capital invest­ been at Dodge Main for 29 years, said he sym­ areas where Chrysler's production is lo­ ment patterns, energy supply, and main­ pathizes with Kinney, but that he believes cated . Chrysler incorporate a number of them. company could go under. If that happened, 32806 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 15, 1979 nobody would be able to get any work be­ For whwtever reason, the public wasn't ers it a landmark case. "If regulation can be cause there would be no company to work buying. based on financial aid to the student . . . for." So Dodge Main fell on hard times again, this erases a major distinction between pub­ That is what otncials at Dodge Main Local this time permanently. lic institutions and independents, and that No.3 are hammering home to their members. As often happens in times of economic dis­ would be very very bad for higher education "On this question of the bailout, you're tress, those hit hardest are those who can in America, which needs a competitive alter­ going to have to separate the workers' feel­ least withstand the blow. native," he said. ings for Dodge Main from their feelings about Though Hamtramck's popula.rtion is 10 per­ The GCC-HEW controversy originated two the larget question-the survival of the com­ cent nonwhite (it has a. significant Arab years ago, when as a. matter of principle, pany," said Joseph Elliott, a union local population), the workforce at Dodge Main Grove City refused to sign a form indicating otncial. for the past decade has been about 64 percent compliance with Title IX. The College didn't "Many of the people in the plant don't nonwhite. dispute the intent of Title IX, but rejected want the government to give Chrysler any­ "We had a rea.I melting pot at the plant, the philosophy that HEW had jurisdiction thing without a promise to keep Dodge Main but that has changed pretty much," Ell1ott over a. private college. The College has never open," he said. said. "The population at the plant (after re­ accepted government aid because it wishes "The morale is very low now. But without cent layoffs] is now about 52 percent white, to remain truly independent and to preserve the prospect of that $1.5 billion, meaning 48 percent nonwhite because of the seniority its Christian identity. thousands more layoffs all over the Detroit thing." To date Grove City has not suffered metropolitan area and across the United Dodge Main's most recent hires were Arabs, through the conflict. Apparently many stu­ States, morale would be a hell of a lot lower." with a. majority from North and South Ye­ dents want to attend a college with spunk If the company stays afloat, Dodge Main men. They were among the first to go in the current difficulties. and conviction. There is full enrollment with workers with seniority could be transferred three applications for every freshman va­ to other Chrysler plants as jobs become avail­ "We must have had about 1,800 Arabs. But cancy and no indebtedness. Annually the able, he said, adding, "But if you have 20 most of them are gone now," Elliott said. college operates within its budget and boasts years (seniority) and no place to go it'll mean Elliott sighed and blew cigar smoke from his mouth. of lower charges than most other private nothing. You can't eat and pay fuel bills four-year schools in the nation.e with seniority." "It's really too ba.d," he said. "It's really Accordingly, and in the hope that the plant too ba.ct."e can somehow be kept going, the union has papered Hamtramck and Detroit with stick­ ers that rea.d: "Help Save Dodge Main. Buy GROVE CITY COLLEGE BA'M'LES THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE Chrysler-Made Cars." HEW GOLIATH KIDS AND KUBS SOFTBALL TEAM "This city has built its whole economy on that one point," said Greg Kowalski, editor of The Hamtramck Citizen. "As Dodge Main HON. LARRY McDONALD HON. C. W. BILL YOUNG goes, so goes Hamtramck. We are going down-way, way down." OF GEORGIA OF FLORIDA The agony of decline is everywhere. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES It is on the face and in the voice of Mayor Wednesday, November 14, 1979 Wednesday, November 14, 1979 William V. Kozerski, who was soundly de­ feated this month in his bid for a third two­ • Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, for • Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Speaker, year term. The closing of Dodge Main was a some months now the Department of it is with pleasure that I bring to the at­ major factor in the outcome. Health, Education, and Welfare has been tention of the House a unique and most The mayor said he had fought hard to trying to get its hooks into the small re­ interesting organization, the Kids and keep the plant open, but in a post-election statement he said the voters believed he had maining private colleges in the United Kubs softball team of St. Petersburg, Fla. not done enough. States that do not accept Federal aid on The Kids and Kubs play softball at "Chrysler did me in," he said. the basis that students going to these North Shore Park in St. Petersburg every The agony is in numbers. schools sometimes receive VA funds or Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday from Dodge Main used to be Chrysler's premier loans from the Federal Government. November through March. I recently plant, employing 20,000 in 1959, the begin­ However, this is ludicrous as this is an had the honor of throwing out the first ning of its last boom. individual action, not an action of the Last year, 8,000 people were employed at ball to open the 1979-80 season. the plant, 2,600 are now. school concerned. However, HEW per­ Membership standards of the Kids and Since May, when a new round of layoffs sists in its efforts to stamp out indi­ Kubs are very high. To be a member of began and the company announced it would viduality in education in America as well the softball team, a person must be at close the fac111ty by next year, Hamtramck as freedom of choice. So I personally least 75 years old. The team's oldest has lost nearly $2 mill1on in income taxes wish Grove City College well and hope player, Fred Broadwell, is 95 years young. and other revenues generated by the plant. commonsense prevails. For the edifica­ Even with revenue increases in other areas, At the team's opening game this sea­ tion of my colleagues, I am inserting in son, November 3, Mr. Broadwell was the the city's total operating budget for fiscal the RECORD at this point a press release 1980 is $8.2 mlllion, down from nearly $9 first batter. He beat out an infield hit. million in fiscal 1979. of Grove City College on this case. This year marks the 50th season of Inflation plus Dodge Main losses led to the GROVE Crrv, PA. softball played by the Kids and Kubs, layoffs of 63 city employes in September. GROVE CrrY, PA ., Nov. 1, 1979.-The David­ "We've been hurting so badly, we had to Goliath battle for the independence of high­ "The Granddaddy of all Softball Teams." start cutting somewhere," Kozerski said. er education enters another phase as attor­ The team is the brain child of Evelyn Dodge Main Local No. 3, once among the neys for Grove City College and the U.S. De­ Rittenhouse. The club president is Bill UAW's largest, richest and most m111tant partment of Health, Education and Welfare Walsh. Memb.ship is as follows: locals, has seen its annual dues income plum­ prepare for a hearing in the U.S. District KIDS met from $1.25 million a year ago to $250,- Court in Pittsburgh on November 13. George Bakewell, Dave Bellis, Cecil Bernie, 000 now. Grove City College and four of its students Fred Broadwell, John Gladney, Robert Gas­ There .have been staff and service cuts, have filed a. complaint in the Federal District ford, Larry Heffern, Sam Hott. and more are coming, according to Elliott, Court stating that HEW has overstepped its Albert Kuster, James Martin, John Morin, the local's. financial secretary. boundaries by seeking to regulate a private Edward Mundy, Leigh Stacey, Ray Uhler. "The effect on the. local has been devastat­ colleJ?e which accepts no government monies. Hugo Unger, Michael Urda, Henry Venseret. ing because we operate strictly on dues. We're HEW contends that financial aid to stu­ hurting. The city's hurting. Everybody dents is the same as aid to the institution, KUBS touched by this thing is hurting," he said. since some GCC students receive personal Joseph Belair, Ted Bernhard, John Bor­ It was not always so. In the early 1960s, grants, known as Basic Education Opportu­ gen.son, Wllliam Butler, Everett Chapman, Chrysler introduced its popular Plymouth nity Grants and loans from private lending Clarence ChurchUl, Alfred Freyberger, Wil­ Valiant and Dodge Dart models and produc­ institutions, referred to as Guaranteed Stu­ liam Garvin, George Hayes. tion lines at the Hamtramck plant worked dent Loans. HEW claims the College should Leon Higgins, Tom Kerekes, Frank Martin, overtime. be under government regulation. Colin McLellan, Robert Nunley, Rolland The boom was on. Grove City argues that since it does not Pearson, W111iam Reeves, Sherman Uhler, Bill Workers laid off in a. "down period" 18 to receive any government funds, it is not sub­ Walsh. 24 months earlier were called back. ject to HEW control. But then came the introduction of the The issue is of great significance to the A p~m compos~ by club secretary Dodge Aspens and Plymouth Volares. Chrys- academic community. Dr. Dal11n oaks, presi­ aeoi-ge. Bakewell, expresses its spirit. 1er workers said the cars had no sex appeal. dent of Brigham Young University, consid- Here is that poem: 32807 November 15, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS all of these cases there are both costs and Breathe there a. man. among us who in the ONE VIEW OF TRUCKING benefits of regulation, and in all of them I glory of his youth, DEREGULATION think, the benefits far outweigh the costs; Did not dream of being a. flash like Cobb or that is, the net effects of deregulation of these a. slugger like Ruth, activities would be more harmful than bene­ or perhaps your idols were Tinkers to Evers HON·. LES AuCOIN ficial to consumers. to Chance that wonder double play OF OREGON I want to emphasize that regulation is not primarily for the benefit of regulated car­ trio. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES riez:s. Regulation may have some benefits for I'm sure these were some of your dreams of Wednesday, November 14, 1979 regulated carriers, just as the Federal De­ ma.ny, many long yea.rs a.go. posit Insurance Corporation benefits banks, But fate did decree that a. super sta.r we e Mr. AuCOIN. Mr. Speaker, trucking but in both cases this is e. necessary side should never be, industry deregulation has captured a result. Consumers are the major benefi­ While others became famous a.nd their ciaries. great deal of attention. Motor carrier regulation was designed and names went down in history. I came across a copy of a statement by Now in the sunset years of life and as happy is in tended to be administered to assure that a.nd as carefree as e. lark, Roy J. sampson, professor of transpo~a­ we have a core of financially sound and re­ tion in the College of Business Admm­ sponsible carriers who are legally obligated we are known as the Kids and Kubs and istration at the University of Oregon. to provide safe, adequate, and continuous play down at the North Shore Park. services to all who want their services at our reflexes are so much slower but we're Professor Sampson, in his statement of October 4, provides observations. on ~his reasonable rates and without discrimina­ still young at heart, tion-the traditional and generally accepted When the captain ca.lls our name we are all critical issue from an academic VIew. common carrier obligations, upon which a anxious and ready to start. I enter his remarks into the RECORD large part of our economy depends. we are all enjoying the golden years of life today, not because I agree or disagree The $64 question, then, is whether we can and having fun galore, with him, but because I believe he makes come closest to getting the kind of freight May God g:ra.nt us health a.nd strength tlll valuable contributions to the debate on transportation system that we want with or we're ca.lled home on tha.t far distant this issue. I commend his statement to without motor truck regulation. The facts shore.e my colleagues' attention: , are that we have tried the "without regula­ tion" approach, and it did not work well; " ACADEMIC VIEWS ON DEREGULATION that with our system of regulation we clearly (By Roy J . Sampson) have the world's best freight transportation I have spent some 36 yea.rs primarily in system, despite its much-publicized weak­ IN SUPPORT OF IDA NUDEL the transportation field as e. student, teacher, nesses; and that published reports show that observer, researcher, consultant, author, and leading shippers' organizations and most in­ in various other forms of participation. M.Y dividual shippers overwhelmingly support HON. STEPHEN J. SOLARZ textbook, Domestic Transportation: Prac­ continued trucking regulation. tice, Theory, and Polley, co-authored with Most of the principal advocates of truck­ OF NEW YORK Professor Martin T. Farris, Arizona State Uni­ ing deregulation, although I am sure they IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES versity, published by Houghton Mltmn Com­ mean well, appear to have had only e. brief pany now in its fourth edition, has been the and limited exposure to the realities and Wednesday, November 14, 1979 most widely used university and college text problems of transportation. Their major as­ e Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Speaker, earlier this in its field throughout the country since its sumptions appear to be that: week the House passed House Concurrent original publication in 1966. .One, the regulated trucking industry acts Resolution 202. This resolution was a My views on motor carrier regulation are pretty much as a monopoly; based on e. lengthy and varied exposure to Two, that since some segments of the statement of support by the House of the field of transportation in general, and trucking industry do operate pretty well Representatives for Ida Nudel, who must to the specific topic of its regulation. I am without substantial regulation, all segments certainly be considered as one of the not on any payroll except that of the Univer­ of this large and diverse industry would op­ bravest of the Soviet "refuseniks." As a sity of Oregon; I have no financial interest in erate equally well without it; cosponsor of this measure, I would like to any motor carrier, and have never had; and I Three, that lower freight rates are always take this opportunity to state once again am not a spokesman or advocate for anyone. better than higher freight rates; and my own support and commendation for My overriding interest is that our transporta­ .Four, that the substantial 1977 and 1978 this gallant woman and her efforts on be­ tion system function as efficiently as possible airline deregulations have worked, and there­ half of the Soviet Jewish community. for the benefit of all of us. fore that trucking deregulation would work My general viewpoint on government regu­ equally well. Ida Nudel is another unfortunate vic­ lation of or intervention in private business The weaknesses or fallacies of these four tim of the fight for religious freedom and is quite negative. I strongly believe in the major deregulatory assumptions were the right to emigrate, neither of which merits of the free market and competition, pointed out by me in an article entitled are permitted by the Soviet Govern­ and tend to subscribe to the now-famous "Trucking Deregulation : Key to What?" in ment. She has been sentenced to 4 years dictum, "If it ain't broke, don't try to fix the Summer of 1979 issue of the Oregon at exile in Siberia and is serving her term it." I am convinced that we have e. great Business Review. as the only woman in a camp of male deal of burdensome and unnecessary regu­ Recently, two other deregulatory argu­ lation imposed on the private economy by all ments have become prominent. Both of these prisoners who are considered extremely levels of government. Certainly some regula­ were expressed by former Portland Mayor dangerous to society. She suffers from se­ tory guidelines are desirable in many indus­ · Nell Goldschmidt, now Secretary of the De­ rious medical problems-a heart condi­ tries and situations, but the costs of regula­ partment of Transportation, in his recent tion, an ulcer and kidney problems-but tion must be weighed against its benefits to confirmation hearings. Secretary Gold­ she is allowed no medicine, food, or ade­ society. schmidt stated that his Department will give quate medical care to treat these condi­ For example, having lost my life's savings high priority to federal deregulation of tions. This is her reward for her tireless of about $10 in e. bank failure in 1932, my trucking because this will aid in fighting efforts to maintain contact with other free enterprise principles certainly are not inflation and in conserving fuel. offended by the existence of the Federal De­ It is not quite clear to me, as an econo­ prisoners of conscience and her contin­ posit Insurance Corporation. Nor am I of­ mist, how the Secretary and others conclude uing requests that she be allowed to emi­ fended by regulatory controls which estab­ that removing the existing requirement that grate to Israel. lished minimum standards for entering into truck freight rate increases receive prior Now Ida Nudel is sacrificing her own and continuing in the practice of medicine or regulatory approval will reduce prices life in support of her belief in freedom. law. These controls may result in higher charged by truckers during e. period of rap­ We must not forget these sacrifices and prices for medical care and legal services, idly rising costs. Actually, during this long I only wish we could do more to end but they also benefit consumers by promot­ present period of infiation, regulated truck­ them. I would urge my colleagues to con­ ing better care and services. ing and other regulated transportation rates In my opinion, a safe, efficient, and reli­ have not increased nearly as fast as have the tinue to fight here in Congress to con­ able freight common carrier system, includ­ other major price indices. Nor can I under­ vince Soviet authorities to, at the very ing motor carriers, is just as important to stand how turning more trucks loose to least, improve the conditions of impris­ the performance of our overall economy as scramble after the same amount of freight onment for Ida Nudel-to recognize the are safe banks and competent medical doc­ traffic. which clearly is the intent of the de­ dignity of the courageous human spirit tors and attorneys in encouraging thrift, pro­ regulators, will conserve fuel. in search of freedom.• tecting health, and administering justice. In So much for the arguments favoring de- 32808 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 15, 1979 regulation. They are not convincing to me. their downtown areas in order to retain spect to negotiation, however, are incor­ What is convincing is that we presently have and attract industries and residents porated by reference in section 504 of a good motor carrier freight system. It is not critical to maintaining and strengthen­ the 1936 act, under which the Secretary b!'oke. It may need minor a.djusi.ments, but ing their tax base. Developing cultural agrees to pay the shipyard the construc­ it does not need a. major overhaul. The probable overall long-run freight rate resources is often a good way to accom­ tion-differential subsidy and the ship effects of deregulation are in the realm of plish this. purchaser agrees to pay the shipyard the sheer speculation. Certainly some rates would Second. Viewing cultural resources as balance of the construction cost. Since be lower and some higher, but no one can re­ potential economic development tools 1954, all vessels with respect to which U!IIbly predict what the average result would broadens the segment of the community construction-differential subsidy has be. Some other effects, though, appear to be that is involved in revitalization efforts. been paid have been built under section more certain. This is significant not only in terms of 504. For example, with no entry controls it is Public Law 93-71 extended the nego­ quite likely that more small truckers would public/private funding partnerships; it enter the business. But wlth no more freight is also important for encouraging vol­ tiating authority under section 502 and to be hauled, it is equally likely that more unteerism-the direct personal involve­ 504 to June 30, 1976. Public Law 94-372 would also be forced out of business, creat­ ment and investment of all our citizens further extended this authority to June ing a continuous turnover problem. Also, the in the fate of our cities. 30, 1979. larger carriers, with more financial and stat! For both these important reasons, I The conditions under which the ne­ resources, would be better equipped to ana­ would hope to see· EDA continue its in­ gotiating authority under section 502 lyze costs and competitive conditions in terest in cultural resources as one means and 504 may be utilized until June 30, establishing individual rates and services, and in otherwise existing in an unregulated of promoting economic development.• 1979, are if: First, the proposed ship pur­ environment, than would the smaller car­ chaser and the shipyard submit backup riers. Thus, there appears to be a. high prob­ cost details and evidence that the price a.blUty that the ultimate net result would be TO AMEND SECTION 502(a) OF THE is fair and reasonable, second, the Sec­ fewer but larger carriers. This in itself might MERCHANT MARINE ACT, 1936 retary of Commerce finds that the price or might not be desirable, but it clearly is is fair and reasonable, and third, the not one of the general deregulation objec­ HON. JOHN M. MURPHY shipyard agrees that the Comptroller tives. General of the United States shall, until Certainly deregulation leading to individ­ OF NEW YORK 3 years after final payment, have the ual carrier ratemaklng as a substitute for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES present Bureau ratema.king would greatly right to examine any pertinent books, limit existing shipper input into the rate­ Thursday, November 15, 1979 documents, or records of the shipyard making process. Also, despite the existence of e Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr. to its subcontractors related to the ne­ antitrust statutes, this would no doubt en­ Speaker, section 505 of the Merchant gotiation or performance of the contract. able very large shippers to sometimes unduly These conditions with respect to nego­ influence their own rates and services, to the Marine Act, 1936, provides that all ves­ sel construction in respect to which a tiating were imposed by the Merchant detriment of their competitors and other Marine Act of 1970, were continued by shippers. Finally, without centrallzed rate­ construction-differential subsidy is al­ making and publication, it would be diffi.cu!t lowed shall be performed as a result of each of the extensions of this authority for shippers to keep up with what rates are competitive bidding. This provision was and would be continued on a permanent being offered and what rates their competi­ in the 1936 act prior to the enactment of basis by the bill which I have just intro­ tors actually are paying. This would be espe­ duced.• cially difficult for those small shippers with the Merchant Marine Act of 1970. One few or no industrial traffic management per­ of the purposes of the 1970 act was to sonnel. bring the shipyards into the design work TRIBUTE TO STEVEN WYNN GOWAN In conclusion, in my view, the major truck on vessels so as to achieve economies of OF WALLACE, N.C. deregulatory arguments are based on easily production. Since a shipyard is basically rebuttable assumptions, and the effects of in the contruction, not the design busi­ deregulation would not llkely be the effects r1ess, it could not be expected to develop HON. CHARLES WHITLEY sought by deregulation advocates. a design at its own expense if it could not OF NORTH CAROL~A Deregulation, of course, would not kill the be assured of being awarded the related IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES trucking industry. It would be consistent cmt&truction contract. rt was, therefore, Wednesday, November 14, 1979 with the general philosophy of less govern­ necessary to provide a means whereby ment interference in business, ft would re­ the designing yard was not required to 8 Mr. WHITLEY. Mr. Speaker, I would duce governmental costs and carrier compll­ like to call to the attention of my col­ a.nce costs, and it might even beneft t some submit its design to competitive bidding large shippers and some existing and some at which it could not be certain that it leagues in the House and submit in the potential new carriers. On the other h and, would be the lowest responsible bidder. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD the following res­ deregulation's benefits would be far more The 1970 act, therefore, included an olution adopted by the board of directors, than offset by the resulting costs to con­ amendment to section 502 of the 1936 staff and patients of the Plain View sumers of service and price instability, un­ act authorizing the Secretary of Com­ Health Services, Inc., in the new town of reliab!Uty, uncP.rte.inty, and discrtmination.e merce, under certain conditions, not­ Greenevers. N.C., in tribute to the late withstanding the provisions of section Steven Wynn Gowan. The resolution follows: IN SUPPORT OF EDA FUNDING OF 505 of the 1936 act, at any time prior to June 30, 1.973, to accept, for purposes of To the family of Mr. Steven Wynn Gowan CULTURAL RESOURCE PROJECTS From the Board of Directors, Staff and Pa­ PROMOTING ECONOMIC GROWTH computing construction-differential sub­ sidy, a price for construction and a ship tients of Plain View Health Services, Inc. Whereas the Plain View Health Center was that h as been negotiated between a ship­ established to improve health care to Green­ HON. BARBARA A. MIKULSKI builder and a proposed ship purchaser. evers and the surrounding areas, and whereas OF MARYLAND Under section 502 of the 1936 act, the medicines play a. part in the deMvery of that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Secretary is authorized to contract with care, and whereas Mr. GowMl through the a shipyard for construction of the vessel establishment of pharmacies in Wallace, N.C. Wednesday, November 14, 1979 and Rose Hill, N.C. participated in the im­ and concurrently to contract with the provement of health care to this area. in the • Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. Speaker, I would proposed ship purchaser for sale of the pharmaceutical and community services of­ like to officially record my support for vessel upon its completion at the esti­ fered as well as in his advice and support of EDA fund!ng of cultural resource proj­ mated cost of construction less construc­ our health center; ects that promote economic develop­ tion-differential subsidy, if he determines Be it resolved that we the members a! the ment. This direction makes good sense that such purchaser posse.sses.the ability, Board o! Directors, Staff and Patients of to me for two reasons. experience, financial resources and other Plain View Health Services, Inc. feel that this qualifications necessary for the opera­ citation should serve as recognition of Mr. First. It encourages cities to evaluate Steven Wynn Gowan's good deeds and our all their assets which can contribute t o tion and maintenance of the vessel. This appreciation of them. economic development--not just the section has not been used since private Further be it resolved that a copy of this traditional ones. The evidence is grow­ financing became a viable means of con­ citation be forwarded to Congressman Char­ i:J.g that cities must include in their de­ structing vessels with title XI aid in 1954. lie- 0. Whitley, Senator Robert Morgan and velopment strategies efforts to redevelop The provisions of this section with re- Senator Jesse Helms expressing our wish that November 15, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32809 a. notation of the good work of Mr. Steven has made representations through the State at the end of the 96th Congress, the Wynn Gowan a. humble servant of Duplin Department. According to Mr. Vincent, the path of leadership on veterans' issues he County, North Ca.rollna. be entered into the Russians' defiant reply has been that the will have left behind will be a course Congressional Record this seventh day of woodpecker is a. high priority transmission others should feel privileged to follow. November 19'79.e of high national interest and will continue. Other sources quote them as saying that As chairman of the Subcommittee on "necessary measures are being taken to re­ Housing of the House Committee on SHORT-WAVE RADIO duce interference." But, after !our years and Veterans' Affairs, I have the opportunity INTERFERENCE the addition of another station to scan the to witness the gentleman's leadership Pacific basin, the situation has grown worse. qualities firsthand. I am particularly Mr. Vincent says the situation is particularly grateful for his assistance in assuring HON·. NORMAN· Y. MINETA bad in Alaska, where the air is saturated by passage of the Veterans' Housing Bene­ OF CALIFORNIA energy from the woodpecker, probably from fits Act of 1978 which is presently bear­ an installation on Sakhalin Island or the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing fruit in the form of more accessible coast of Siberia. and better housing for America's veteran Thursday, November 15, 1979 The International Frequency Registration Board of the International Telecommunica­ population. • Mr. MINETA. Mr. Speaker, I would tions Union has also tried to get the Soviets Mr. Speaker, more recently Chairman like to call the attention of my colleagues to abide by the rules to no avail. One ham RoBERTs has been stalwart in his de­ to a recent Christian Science Monitor tried direct action and rigged up his trans­ fense of the VA hospital system and column on short-wave radio interference mitter to send a string of dots on the same those dedicated employees who provide caused by the "Soviet woodpecker," a frequency. The woodpecker mqved within a medical care to an increasing number bizarre-sounding radio signal that has minute and did so again when he repeatehY Convention 96th Congress, we are delighted he will This bizarre radio signal actually sounds at Washington in 1927. At Madrid In 1932 continue to serve as our chairman next like a woodpecker tapping on a barn wall, or the International Telecommunications Union year when we will again evaluate the perhaps a. lath being pulled across a. picket was created by merging the old telegraph state of affairs for our veterans and their fence. It ranges up and down the shortwaves union with the 1927 convention. dependents. dodging possible efforts to jam it and tear­ Worldwide use of the radio spectrum was On a personal note, to those who do ing up the air to infurla te those who must agreed upon then and at later conferences In contend with the interference. Some of the Cairo In 1938, Atlantic City In 1947, and the not know RAY RoBERTS well, should you amateurs wondered why their brother. Sen. last one in Geneva in 1959. (Many of the be house hunting and need friendly ad­ Barry Goldwater, K7UGA, a past president radio hams were pessimistic as to how they vice, should you contemplate fishing or of the Quarter Century Wireless Association, would fare in 1938 and were heard saying, boating, or should you wish information didn't raise the woodpecker issue during "Cameras after Cairo.") on legislative issues, you will find a SALT II negotiations as another example of Ray Vincent says the Russians hang their friend and wise counselor in him.e Soviet lack of respect for international argument on behalf of the woodpecker on agreements--this time the one which pre­ a fl.neprint footnote in the ITU rules which vents chaos on the airwaves. The woodpecker says each signatory reserves the right to use may not rank with combat troops in Cuba the spectrum as it wishes within its own MAYOR KOCH AFFIRMS NEED FOR as an issue, but it causes a. lot of annoy­ ·boundaries. Political boundary lines, how­ SPENDING, REGULATORY REFORM ance. ever, will not contain megawatts of radio Ray Vincent of Los Altos, California, is an energy on international frequencies. Clearly, electronics detective who sleuths out sources if other nations follow the Russian initiative HON. JAMES R. JONES of radio interference with a. sophisticated de­ in flouting the intent and spirit of the law, OF OKLAHOMA vice called a spectrum analyzer. He says the chaos w111 r1Jsu lt.e IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES woodpecker has been ripping up the short­ waves for four years now, cutting a. swath 200 Thursday, November 15, 1979 kilohertz wide. The power involved runs into THE HON. RAY ROBERTS • Mr. JONES of Oklahoma. Mr. Speaker, millions of watts. Electronics people believe the backscatter is used to detect submarine the enclosed syndicated column by Rich­ periscopes or the antennas of low-flying mis­ HON. JACK BRINKLEY ard Reeves reporting on a conversation siles. The hams encounter it on their 15-, 20-, OF GEORGIA with New York City Mayor Ed Koch and and 40-meter bands and it is also heard on his associates underscores the reasons other wavelengths as it moves about to avoid IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES why the reform movement to limit Fed­ .Jamming. No matter to the Russians that Thursday, November 15, 1979 eral spending, regulations, and general this interferes with other services and meddling must succeed. breaches international regulations, for which • Mr. BRINKLEY. Mr. Speaker, to quote they seem to have about the same amount of Longfellow, "Lives of great men • • • de­ Those of us who are trying to amend respect as for the Helsinki agreement on parting leave behind footprints on the the Budget Act to limit Federal spending human rights. sand of time.'' When the able chairman to 20 percent of gross national product Angry protests about the woodpecker have of the House Committee on Veterans' do so because we believe the financial been raised in Western Europe, the Scandina­ Affairs, RAY RoBERTS, returns to his na­ resources of America can be more em­ vian countries, a.nd the United States, which tive State of Texas as a private citizen ciently used if they are spent by private 32810 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 15, 1979 enterprise or State and local govern­ is bltndfolded to reality. In reality. In New FACTS SHOW ISRAEL DEALS FAR ments. York, they ignore the !act that our bus sys­ LESS WITH SOUTH AFRICA THAN Those of us who believe in the legisla­ tem shadows the subway system. We say we'll make the buses accessible to the handicap­ HER CRITICS tive veto do so because we believe that ped, but they say it has to be both buses bureaucratic lawmaking has run amuck and subways, even 1f no one in a wheelchair and has taken on a byzantine life of its will ever use the subways and the money HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL own. doesn't exist to rebuild them." OF NEW YORK "We could shut them down," Koch joked Those of us who are attempting to pass IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES these reforms are not trying to hurt sourly, "then we wouldn't be 1n violation Americans who need help. I firmly be­ of the regulation." Thursday, November 15, 1979 lieve that we can have tight fiscal policies "New values have found a home in these and still provide necessary assistance for regulations," said David Brown, a. former • Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, we deputy mayor who is now teaching a.t Yale. hear frequently about the allegedly close the young, aged, the poor, and the in­ "Environmental regulations a.re an example. firmed. All we are doing now is spending economic relationship between South Af­ It's process run amok. Times change, but the rica and Israel, but the truth is, some of money willy nilly to placate the various old plans--the agenda of the 1960s--have the loudest critics of that relationship are special interest lobbies. This adds to the this life of their own through federal courts inflation that hurts those who need Gov­ and bureaucracy." actually-though sometimes secretly­ ernment support the most. "We're heading for a crisis," Brown con­ among South Africa's principal trading I commend to you my colleagues this tinued. "We can't get this thing back in partners. Richard Reeves column which appeared the bottle. We won't be able to come up Trade between South Africa and black with all the money to do all the things that Africa is estimated at over $1 billion a in the Washington Star of November 12, have been mandated. Government may not 1979: year. Moreover, several Arab states pro­ be able to carry the burden; it'll be run vide South Africa with huge quantities "WE WERE DUMB," LAMENTS THE EX­ into the ground. You'll have public officials CONGRESSMAN who are not upholding the la.w." of oil. South Africa's trade with Europe (By Richard Reeves) "The people out there have nothing to do during just the first 5 months of this year with what's happening," Koch said pointing exceeded $3 billion and with the United You can't go anywhere these days without in the general direction of Queens and States was over $1 billion. By contrast, hearing someone griping about how govern­ Brooklyn from his elegant, contemporary ment is running the country. Take dinner the trade with Israel for all of 1978 was about other night with Ed Koch. home in Manhattan, Gracie Mansion. $100 mill1on or approximately two-fifths "How do they feel? I know how I feel. 1 "It's insane," he said "They're ruining us." I want to exercise the authority I'm sup­ of percent of total SoutJ?. African trade. Koch, of course, is hardly your average posed to have under the City Charter. I . These facts are contained in an inter­ citizen. He's not only the mayor of New York can't. Most of the time I feel I can't do esting and informative article by William City, but, before that, he was a congressman anything, I'm telling you, it's insane.''e for almost a decade-a very liberal congress­ Korey, director of international research man. But, kvetching that night, he sounded for B'nai B'rith and a veteran United Na­ like a cab driver thinking about voting for tions observer. I commend it to all my Ronald Reagan. colleagues: "Washington just sits there and tells us to CORINNE AITKEN: OUTSTANDING [From the Jewish Week-American Examiner, do this, do that, do it this way, do it that PUBLIC SERVANT Oct. 21, 1979] wa.y." Koch said a.s we sat around With some FACTS SHOW ISRAEL DEALS FAR LESS WrrH of the highest officials of his city. So. AFRICA THAN HER CRITICS "They're looking over our shoulder aU the HON. FORTNEY H. (PETE) STARK time, threatening to take us to court all (By WUlla.m Korey) the time. Keep the hospitals open even 1! OF CALIFORNIA Among the more obscene accusations they don't have any patients or we'll cut off IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES against Israel and Jews which erupted from the Ambassador Andrew Young explosion was your ald. Help the handicapped, help the Thursday, November 15, 1979 chtldren. Put white teachers in the black the charge of Isra.eU collusion with South schools. No, we changed our mind, put black • Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, I would like A!rka.. Various Black leaders echoed this teachers tn black schools. Teach tn Spanish. to share with my colleagues a few words perspective which had been initially con­ Now we have Engltsh and Spanish treated cocted by the Arab states a.t the UN and, about Mrs. Corinne Aitken who has ded­ with the support of the Soviet bloc, wa.s equally tn the schools. It's crazy. It never to ends." icated her adult life public education. shoved through the General Assembly in the 25 "But Ed," interrupted his counsel, Alan For years Mrs. Aitken has served form of authoritative resolutions. Schwartz, "you voted !or all those things in the San Lorenzo school district and done It is, in !act, a. "Big Lie" which Arab m111- Congress." much to improve the quality of educa­ ta.nts hope, by repetition, to convince the "I know that," Koch continued. "I was tion in San Lorenzo. On December 1 she .world of its validity. Again, in the forthcom­ dumb. We a.ll were. I voted for so much crA.p. is retiring as the school board's president. ing debates starting this month at the UN, Who knew? We got carried away With what Her high standards have set an example the Israel-South Africa. myth will be end­ the sociologists were telUng us . . . we have for those who have been fortunate lessly a.nd, in a. variety of ways, articulated. permitted a small number of people, gen­ enough to know and work with her and INSIGNIFICANT TRADE erally gifted, elttest, to dominate the society. benefited those who have attended San What a.re the facts? The amount of Israel's This wa.s their view. It wa.s never the majority Lorenzo schools over the years. trade with South Africa is inconsequentla.l­ view." approxima.tely two-fifths of one per cent of "Well, what happens when you go back to Mrs. Aitken has served in a variety of total South African trade. In absolute terms, Washington? You know a lot of people in other capacities as well. Some of the or­ Israeli trade with South Africa. last year was Congress," I said. "You must be telling them ganizations which have gained from her somewhat over $100 million. In contrast, dur­ the same thing." participation are the March of Dimes, ing the first five months of this year, trade "I am," he said. "They say they know I'm the Girl Scout Council, Alameda County between South Africa a.nd Europe was over right. But it doesn't make any difference. Planned Parenthood, American Associa­ $3 b1llion, and between South Africa. and the They keep voting for more and more-and tion of University Women and the P.E.O. United States it was over $1 bllllon. they say they have to. They're afraid of pres­ The Jesse Jacksons and the Joseph Low­ sure from every group that wants something Sisterhood. erys should be especially stunned by the fig­ from them." Yet with all her activities, Mrs. Aitken ures of Black Mrican trade with South No one, in short, wants his omce or cam­ has found the time to reflect and to Africa. Published data of 1976 showing $621 paign picketed by Hispanics, or children, or share many of her thoughts and percep­ mllUon South African exports and $369 mil­ people in wheelchairs or whoever. tions. She has published two books and lion imports appear to be replicated today. "Congress has just become more respon­ has received acclaim for many of her When to this is added the large amount of sive, too responsive," said Ronay Menschel, poems. trade that moves through third parties or a mayoral assistant who once ran Koch's are otherwise hidden, the total South Africa­ congressional office. "The Winds of change I honor Mrs. Aitken and extend to her Black Africa trade is reported to be over $1 would have once come and gone, but now and her family my best wishes. She will billion. they're institutionalized in regulations ... be missed by those who have worked This massive trade, ten times the size of The regulations have a life of their own. with her and those who have benefited Israel's, is conducted with about 26 Black Facil1ty access for the handicapped is an from her service, but the standards she African countries, including Nigeria, Ghana, example. The Department of Transportation set will remain.e Zambia, Zaire and Mozambique. November 15, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32811 The difference is that Black Africa-South CRIMINAL PENALTIES FOR CORPO- This is really the intent of the legislation. Africa commerce is handled secretly and RATE COVERUPS . If industry wants less government intrusion, stealthily, for it violates an official trade which may well be desirable, -then let in­ boycott of South. Africa by the Organization dustry take the full responsibili-ty for the of African Unity, (OAU). Elaborate double HON. GEORGE MILLER hazards it creates. invoicing and other subterfuges to conceal But today, we see the chemical companies the South African origin of goods are OF CALIFORNIA running to government, asking for Federal characteristic. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES assistance to clean up hazardous waste sites. IMPORTED BLACK LABOR Thursday, November 15, 1979 We see the asbestos industry running to The unreported coxnmerce extends to labor. govern~nent, asking for Federal assistance in Militant Mozambique provides South Africa • Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speak­ paying compensation claims. with 100,000 laborers who work its gold er, today I testified before the Subcom­ We see Ford running to government, ask­ mines. Under terms of an agreement between mittee on Crime of the House Judiciary ing for changes in the tax liW' to allow longer the two governments, 60 percent of the min­ Committee on H.R. 4973, a bill which periods to write off liab111ty payments. ers' wages are transferred directly to the I introduced together with 41 colleagues Someone once put it very succinctly: If Mozambique state treasury in the form of to establish criminal penalties for cor­ industry wants govern~nent off their backs, gold bul11on. porate officials who knowingly conceal they should get their hands out of our Nor is the hypocrisy limited to Black hazards from their employees and the pockets. Ultimately, the taxpayers--including Africa. Arab powers-specifically Bahrein, public. I would like to share this testi­ the victims of industry neglect--are called Abu Dhabi and Dubai-are in the forefront upon to bear the burden of industry's failures of supplying South Africa. with sorely-needed mony with the Members of the House: and indifference. oil. The Journal of Commerce notes that the STATEMENT OF CONGRESSMAN GEORGE MILLER The irony is -that crimes of a corporate na­ apartheid regime purchases huge quantities BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON CRIME, ture, unlike individual acts of violence, often of Arab oil. The payment is in gold at prices HOUSE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE, NOVEMBER 15, affect many thousands, or even m1llions of 60 percent higher than published official 1979, ON H.R. 4973 victims. The recent study, Illegal Corporate crude oil prices. This gold flow is augmented Mr. Chairman, I appreciate your schedul­ Behavior, by the Law Enforcement Assistance by direct purchases of gold that the Arab oil ing these hearings this afternoon on my bill, Administration, noted--Corporate crime costs countries persist in and about which Presi­ H.R. 4973, which would establish criminal run into b1llions of dollars. These costs in­ dent Julius Nyerere of Tanzania has bitterly penalties for certain corporate officials who volve not only large financial losses but also complained. knowingly conceal product or manufacturing injuries and health hazards to workers and The Soviet bloc is not far behind, in both process hazards from their employees or the consumers. trade and hypocrisy. An International Mone­ public. As a major investigator of white col­ Today, we are focusing on a specific aspect tary Fund study of 1977 reveals a $25 mi111on lar crime, and as the lead cosponsor of this of illegal corporate behavior-those situa­ trade relationship. The Wall Street Journal legislation, you have shown great leadership tions in which a calculated decision is made in September, 1977, quoted a South African in alerting Americans to the fact that cr1Ine to expose workers or consumers to a known trading officer demonstrating that trade with does not oocur merely in back alleys and health or safety danger without adequate Poland and East Germany is especially lucra­ ghettos, but also in the boardrooms of some warning. tive and is growing. Chrome, ores and metals of the great corporations of this country. It should be pointed out that 75 percent are exchanged for chemicals and sulfur You will hear of asbestos manufacturers of all corporate crimes are in the environ­ with the secret "shenanigans" conducted who concealed scientific data which showed mental/labor protection area, and according "through Amsterdam and Antwerp." that exposure to asbestos. even in small to LEAA, penalties against corporate officials SECRET PURCHASES OF CHROME quantities, greatly increased a worker's risk are far less severe than tih.ose against ordi­ of cancer. In May, 1979, a report based upon Western nary lawbreakers; fines are nominal, prison You w111 hear that workers were not told sentences are frequently suspended, and pro­ diplomatic sources and made available to the of catastrophic health problems which com­ UN documented evidence of Moscow's secret bation is easily granted. purchases of Rhodesian chrome as well as of pany physicians had detected on X-rays. Before I illustrate some of the situations large quantities of its tobacco and maize. You will hear that chemical companies which I believe mandate the enactment of Besides trade, foreign investment's play an decided to dump poisonous wastes 1llegally, H.R. 4973, I want to raise some philosophical enor.mou.s role in the economic well-being even though officials knew water wells were and political points which underlie the legis­ of South Africa. Strikingly, Israel contributes being polluted. lation. nothing to the heavy $20 billion foreign in­ You will hear of a decision by one of the I believe that the intent of this legislation vestments, the bulk of which comes from largest corporations in this Nation to sell a extends far beyond individual cases of cor­ the U.S., the United Kingdom and West Ger­ defective automobile which company officials porate cover-up, tragic and incredible as those many. And, according to official reports, the knew would result in dozens of needless and individual cases may be. This legislation ad­ amount of investments from these sources preventable deaths. dresses the issues of corporate ethics, in­ are increasing. Last December a $250 million And you will hear many, many more cases. dividual responsibility, and business morality. loan was obtained by South Africa from lead­ In short, you will find that, in more cases It raises the fundamentally disturbing ques­ ing European banks. Yet, it is Israel that has than you might wish to imagine, the very tion of whether our economic, political or been the principal, if not the exclusive, tar­ highest corporate leaders in our Nation have etih.ical systems have somehow become so get of UN resolutions and Black militant consciously decided to conceal a workplace skewered that we worship profit as more im­ oratory. · hazard, or to market an unsafe product, be­ portant than people. Israel is especially targeted for alleged cause they valued profit over people. I think I find it very disconcerting, for example, anns traffic and nuclear collaboration with that kind of conduct is a crime. to read the coxnments of a former high­ South Africa. An official UN document last The legislation before you today would es­ ranking official of the General Motors Cor­ year which was widely circulated and became tablish severe penalties for knowingly con­ poration who reportedly said recently that the basis of a virulent attack upon the Jew­ cealing hazards. never, in all the time he worked for the ish State carried a section entitled "Military Some may believe that this bill is an as­ world's largest company, did anyone raise and Nuclear Collaboration." But aside from sault on industry. It is not. I believe that the question of the impact of the products the title, the section offered no documenta­ most businessmen find these cover-ups as his company manufactured on the American tion whatsoever. repulsive as anyone else. people. "The system of American ·business ISRAEL ACCEPTS EMBARGO Some may believe that this bill is a call often produces wrong and immoral deci­ As for arms traffic, Israel has fully accepted for increased government intervention and sions," he said, and as a result "willfully a Security Council resolution of 1977 which regulation. It is not. produces ineffective or dangerous products." imposed an arms embargo in South Africa. In Instead, it is a challenge to industry to The key concept is "willfullness," a con­ November, 1976, Carl Rowan, the noted Black take personal responsibility for safety, and scious decision to market a product or to columnist, called "hypocritical and mislead­ to personally bear the severe consequences of overlook a workplace hazard. It is significant ing" a UN resolution that accused Israel of indifference. that last year, nearly one-third of all work­ helping South Africa build up "an a.wesome "If we assume that corporate managers are place safety violations were determined to m111tary machine." at least as moral as the rest of us," William be "serious, willful, or repeat" offenses. Yet Jsrael's adhorrence of apartheid and racial Greider of the Washington Post has written, the average fine for serious offenses was discrimination, a product of Judaic tradition "the presence of criminal liab111ty makes it under $500. In my home state of California, has been demonstrated repeatedly. So has th~ easier for them to do the right thing, just as the average fine for a "serious" violation is Jewish state's concern for building relation­ the occasional income tax prosecutions make only $239-and tax deductible. ships with Black Africa--what Golda Meir it easier for all of us to pay our taxes. The While industry may not approve of ~ov­ called "the bond of real brotherhood and of good will prosper; only the scoundrels need ernment regulation or intervention into the shared aspirations.e hide from the light." private world of corporate and industrial CXXV--2063-Part 25 32812 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 15, 1979 activity, there wa.s precious little evidence jected, pa.rtta.lly because "there is a. certain get employees upset, until such time a.s we that business was inclined to conduct the !eellng among certain members that such knew our ground." Company policy precluded necessary testing a.nd to remedy workplace a.n investigation would stir up a. hornet's the company physician from recommending dangers on its own prior to these Federal nest a.nd put the whole industry under an outside doctor or treatment !or affected protections. suspicion." workers, according to Mr. Ruff. Corporate indifference to worker a.nd con­ The industry claims to have been una.wa.re Minutes of the health review committee of sumer safety has not been elinUneted of the danger to llghtly exposed workers un­ Johns-Manville back up this information. through regulation, nor wlll it, partly because til Dr. Irving Sellkoff's pioneer study of in­ Although J-M officials claim that a. pollcy of the penalties for violations a.re so minimal. sulation workers in 1964. However, nearly notifying all workers of irregular X-rays was There are stlll those who place a. higher twenty years ea.rller, British insulation work­ esta.bished in 1956, committee minutes from regard on profits than on people. The fact ers had been notified of possible health ef­ 1957 show a. steady policy o! not telling them, that we even consider the necessity for this fects of working with asbestos. in one case because a.n affected woman "will kind of legislation suggests a. kind of bank­ Closer to home, Johns-Ma.nvllle wa.s warned get hysterical and I am sure you wlll have a. ruptcy fa.r more serious than the fina.ncla.l of hazards to workers by the director of the (compensation) claim on your hands." kind. Sa.ra.na.c Laboratory, Dr. Arthur Vorwald. The Other case records indicate that where asbestos industry often cites its financial workers ha.d been "health counselled" about Covering up known ha.za.rds from workers support of the Sa.ra.na.c la.b as evidence of a.nd the general public lllustra.tes a. moral a.nd their X-ra.ys, years ha.d gone by after the its concern !or worker safety. What they lllness was detected before they were in­ ethical problem which a.ppea.rs with alarm­ don't tell you ls that the good advice of ing frequency, not just in one industry, but formed. During this time, they often remain­ that laboratory was often ignored. ed exposed to asbestos. In testimony earlier throughout industry a.nd in our society as a. On August 13, 1948, H. M. Jackson, a. safety whole. Concern for . oneself, either in a.n this year, J-M officials acknowledged that engineer for J-M, wrote to Dr. Vorwald fol­ they have no way to be sure that the notifica­ individual or a. corporate sense, has replaced lowing the death of a. J-M worker whose our traditional moral a.nd legal concern for tion policy was really carried out. Evidence "degree of exposure was relatively slight." would a.ppea.r to indicate it was not, and that the general good. This legislation seeks to Jackson asked whether others, similarly ex­ place some responsiblllty on the individual. affected workers were not told of their 111- posed to general conditions, might be at risk. ness or relocated swiftly to safer settings. I want now to take a. few minutes to dis­ While acknowledging that some individual Even when the hazards were brought to cuss some examples :Which I believe ma.nda.te factors may play a. role in determining sus­ Ught in recent years, indifference was often the enactment of H.R. 4973. Let me make ceptiblllty, Vorwald responded on August 19: the response by management. John Marsh, one point, however. which applies to each "I can see no other alternative than to anti­ the environmental director for Raybestos­ case: Neither I, nor anyone else, has manu­ cipate others with similar exposures to be Ma.nha.ttan, wrote a. memo in which he factured this information; the shocking similarly affected." noted that company's substantial legal lia.­ evidence, in most cases, bears the letterhead Yet for nearly 20 more years, the industry b111ty problems, and stated, "I thought the of the company involved. continued to argue that only the most meeting in June 1973 at which mortality a.nd ASBESTOS heavily affected workers were at risk, and morbidity data was reviewed in detall would The number of lllustra.tions of purposeful today stlll disclaims the risk to llghtly ex­ be more than sufficient to shock people into cover-ups in the asbestos industry a.re so posed people. action. This has not happened." Marsh extensive that we could not possibly hope to Other warnings went ignored. In 1948, called Raybestos' pollcies "indefensible . . . deta.ll them a.ll this afternoon. Let me cite Saranac scientists warned the Owens-Illinois and not getting better." a. few examples: Glass Company that their product, "Ka.ylo," When considering whether to "cooperate By the early 1930's, officials of the asbestos was "capable of producing asbestosis." The with scientists," Marsh noted, "we have report on Ka.ylo underscored the danger to valuable information going back to 1930," industry ha.d been warned that inhalation and he admirably pointed out their com­ of asbestos dust would cause the serious lightly exposed people, noting that "a. seem­ ingly negllgible proportion of fibrous asbes­ pany's "obligation to employees" a.nd the lung disease, asbestosis. On October 1, 1935, "legal implications o! withholding info." the president of the Ra.ybestos-Ma.nha.tta.n tos is sufficient to produce the characteristic (medical) reaction." Lest anyone belleve that the asbestos in­ Company, one of the nation's large asbestos dustry has been shamed into responsible producers, wrote to hls counterpart at the A confidential 1963 report authored by Dr. behavior, it should be noted that only one largest company, Johns-Ma.nvllle, "I think Thomas Mancuso warned officials that the year ago, at a. meeting of the Asbestos Inter­ the less said about asbestos, the better off Ph111p Carey Company faced a. wide variety of national Association, members discussed we a.re." J-M's president responded, "I quite legal problems because of its manufacture of ways to conceal product hazards. Minutes of agree with you that our interests a.re best asbestos containing materials. Why had the meeting, which I have acquired, show served by having asbestosis receive the min­ these medical problems been unrecognized that members objected to placing a. warn­ imum of publicity." for so long, he was asked. Mancuso replied, ing on European-bound products "because Throughout the 1930's and 1940's, numer­ ••actually, they were recognized, but the ot a. possible negative influence on sales." ous medical a.nd scientific journals addressed asbestos industry chose to ignore and deny AlA officials have refused my request for a. the health problems caused by asbestos. their existence." He recommended that the list of association members and the complete Death rates from lung cancer among as­ company undertake a. wide ranging series transcript of that meeting. · ot medical and legal steps. bestos workers were found to be 9 times that Let me move to another area of growing of the overall population. An asbestos worker As recently as August o! this year, the concern~hemica.l pollution. who smoked ha.d 90 times the chance of de­ successor to Carey Manufacturing, Celotex veloping the disease a.s the a.vera.ge non­ denied that Mancuso's report was ever !or­ OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL smoking person. Mesothelloma., a. rare lung warded to the company, and questioned Occidental manufactures pesticides a.nd lllness among the general population, oc­ whether or not he had authored it. They other chemical products at its Lathrop, Cali­ curs with disturbing frequency among as­ could provide no information as to whether fornia., plant. California. law requires a.ny bestos workers. or not his recommendations had been car­ dumping which might affect groundwater The asbestos industry would have you be­ ried out. tables to be filed with the state water re­ lleve that its leaders were unaware of these Other reports warning that all asbestos sources control board. Occidental purpose­ health problems, a.nd also that they took a.ll workers, regardless of exposure, are at risk fully ignored the law, es indicated by in­ precautions to minimize risk to their em­ were Ukewlse ignored. In !act, the warnings ternal memos, a.nd as a result polluted ployees when they became a.wa.re. This wa.s ot Dr. Willla.m Huener, of the National groundwater tables with poisonous wastes. not the case. Instead, the asbestos industry Cancer Institute, were denounced by the "For years we have dumped wastewater rejected many investigations into the rela­ asbestos textile institute members as containing pesticides and other AgChem tionships between asbestos exposure a.nd 111- "derogatory literature" and "damaging in­ products," wrote R. Edison in a. June 25, ness, a.nd ignored warnings, even from their formation," although no evidence to refute 1977. memo to A. Osborn. "Fortunately for own medical advisors. In addition, they his findings was offered. the management of this compeny no pesti­ neglected to tell workers a.nd pcrcha.sers of Asbestos officials not only covered up scien­ cide ha.s yet been detected" in a neighbor's the potential ha.za.rds which studies ha.d tific findings, but medical information which well. "I personally would not drink from disclosed. showed that workers were at risk o! serious, his well," Edison wrote. In 1952, Johns-Ma.nvllle's medical director, and perhaps fatal, lung disease. Edison provides one of the most frighten­ Dr. Kenneth Smith, ha.d urged his superiors Wilbur Ruff, the former manager of the ing examples of corporate indifference to to place a. warning label on asbestos prod­ Johns-Manvllle plant 1n Pittsburg, Cali­ human health and safety. ucts; his plea. was ignored. Four years later, fornia (which is the district I represent) told "No outsiders actually know what we do Dr. Smith urged the asbestos textile institute attorneys in a. deposition ea.rller this year and there has been no government pressure to undertake a. study of the relationship be­ that there was a. company policy not to tell on us," he wrote, "so we have held back tween asbestos exposure and disease; after workers about irregularities on chest X-ra.ys trying to find out what to do within funds a year of consideration, the study was re- because "the company did not want to ... we have available." Edison made clear that November 15, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32813 the cost of cleaning up the hazardous dis­ of permitting the deaths and injuries to test data showing compliance, then switched charges would be very d.lffioult for the com­ occur-about $50 million-was considerably back to its dirty ways. pany to pay. less than the cost of retrofitting the cars with Another plant, in Lathrop, calif., perco­ "Frankly, I don't believe any of us will be­ safety devices-$137 million, or about $11 per lated pesticide wastes into the ground, pol­ come T.V. personalities answering questions vehicle. To date, 23 people have lost their luting nearby wells. The plant's chief en­ on these contaminants," he wrote. "The next lives in blazing infernos inside Ford Pintos. vironmental engineer warned repeatedly that drop of pesticide that percolates to the When we discuss "crime," we would do this violated state water quality laws but ground is a management decision which I well to place this corporate crime in its concluded that it would not be "wise" to don't feel we can afford . . . I believe that proper perspective. The largest welfare fraud point this out to the state. He salved his con­ we have fooled around long enough and al­ in history amounted to about $240,000. The science by noting this to be an "omission ready overpressed our luck.'' typical burglary involves about $350. By rather than outright falsehood.'' Almost a year later, the problem was not comparison, Senator Ph111p Hart's subcom­ So far, Hooker declines to respond to most yet being solved. In a memo to J. H. Lindley, mittee on anti-trust and monopoly esti­ allegations because of a pending lawsuit. But Edison ·a.dmitted. "there we have destroyed the mated a few years ago that corporate crime­ what has already seeped out of its files usability of several wells in our area. If any­ monopolistic practices, faulty goods, and the demonstrates an alarming indifference to on9 should complain, we could be the party like--cost consumers between $174 and $231 poisonous practices. To rely on its corporate named in an action by the water quality blllion a year, not including injuries to ethics is, it appears, to invite more polson. control board ... the basic decision is this. workers and damage to the environment. The way to achieve a surer grip on individual Do we correct the situation before we have In reviewing the enormous problem of consciences is to make officials unmistak­ a problem [sic], or do we hold off until ac­ white collar crime, the LEAA study recom­ aJbly-personally--6ccounta-ble for their mis­ tion is taken against us." mended a massive increase in the number of deeds. Penalties for violating the law need to Edison admitted that he misled the water government investigators and lawyers, which be stiffened and prosecutors should be more board concerning the company's polluting means greater intrusions and more govern­ willing to apply them to individuals. Officials activities. "This report isn't exactly accurate ment costs. Perhaps this will be necessary; of companies that pollute would be less apt to even though the inaccuracy is due to omis­ most studies indicate that people support flout the law, hide data or fudge test results sion rather than outright falsehood," he environmental and labor safety laws, even if if, beyond company profits, their calculations wrote. "However, I don't think it would be they cost money. included something like a $50,000 fine and wise to explain the discrepancy to the state But I would hope to throw more of the two years in prison. at this time." Edison admits that he had responsibUlty onto the shoulders of industry been warning the company of the pollution to pollee itself, and then to hold it account­ [From the San Jose Mercury, July 3, 1979] problem "for the last three or four years." able when it falls to do so. PuNISH PEOPLE FOR CoRPOnATE CRIMES The Lathrop well poisonings were not the Hopefully, industry wm accept this bur­ According to one of the neater subterfuges only cases of cover-ups by the chemical in­ den. I was heartened to read· in "Fortune" of Anglo-Saxon jurisprudence, corporations dustry. The situation involving one of Oc­ magazine that the president of Occidental has are, legally speaking, people. They can own cidental's subsidiaries. Hooker Chemical, is sent a memo to his managers on the subject property, enter into contracts, sue and be well known to most people. Earlier this year, of environmental h~ds. Unlike past sued. a high ranking official admitted that resi­ Hooker memos, this one warns that failure This is a convenient way to do business, dents in the vicinity of Love Canal, a Hooker to comply with safeguards will result in dis­ but it has its societal drawbacks. A corpora­ dump site, were not warned of the health missal. tion can be convicted of wrongdoing and hazards from leaking chemicals even though If increased profits is the reason for con­ fined, but you can't haul it qff to jail. the company was aware of them. cealing hazards, then stiff financial penal­ As a result, criminal behavior by a cor­ As long ago as June 18, 1958, a memo noted ties wlll hopefully reduce the incentive for poration-such as concealing health and that "the entire area is being used by chil­ concealment. safety hazards of its products-often goes dren as a playground." The company took If probation and suspended sentences fail virtually unpunished. The corporate male­ no action, although the problem was dis­ to intimidate corporate officials concerning factor gets only a slap on its metaphorical cussed by company officials. Local residents serious health and safety violations, perhaps wrist; the people who actually made the were not warned, according to the memo's mandatory jail terms will force greater ac­ criminal decisions-its executives and offi­ author, because "we did not feel we could countab111ty. cers--are untouchable. ~o it [notify them] without incurring a sub­ A bill authored by Rep. George Miller, stantial legal liab111ty for current owners of [From the New York Times, Aug. 9, 1979] the property." D-Martinez, and co-sponsored by 41 other members o! Congress would abolish that Residents of Love Canal, affected by the TRYING To BE FAm ABOUT POISON When people in Niagara Falls, N.Y., had to untouohab111ty. It would impose stlff crim­ chemical waste leaks, have complained of inal penaltieS--6 fine of not leSIS than $50,000, headaches, birth defects, mental lllness and be evacuated ,because toxic wastes were seep­ ing out of the Hooker Chemical Company's a jail term o! not less than two years, or a. variety of health problems. both--on corporate officials who failed to CONSUMER PRODUCTS old dumping ground at Love Canal, a reader striving to be fair might have argued that. warn their employees and the appropriate Carcinogens and chemical pollutants have well, it all started years ago when people federal agencies about known hazards in­ received much of the recent publicity about didn't know better and when such careless volved with their company's products or product and industrial hazards, but some­ disposal was widespread. manufacturing processes. times the dangers are mechanical in nature. M11ler was inspLred to write the bill after Like the other situations, however, many Then it turned out that Hooker had known for years that wastes were escaping from Love digging into the ugly story of how the as­ lives may be jeopardized by a single cor­ bestos industry apparently concealed the porate decision to market an unsafe product. Canal and did nothing to warn nearby resi­ dents. Some might have argued that even cancer-causing potential of its product from In 1971, a memo within the Ford Motor that was understandable; no one is eager to workers and consumers for decades. Other Company warned that the design of the invite lawsuits. And then, when Hooker alleged corporate cover-ups involving such Pinto automobile made the car susceptible plants elsewhere also were found to have products as the pesticides DBCP and kepone to fuel leakage and explosion following even poisoned surrounding areas, it could at least reinforced M111er's conviction that such leg­ relatively slight rear-end collisions. The be maintained that those findings did not islation was urgently needed. memo concluded that a $6 or $8 part could show overall company indifference, only local Sometimes it won't be easy, of course, !or solve the problem. Company officials, how­ plant problems. juries to determine whether corporate offi­ cials concealed hazards knowingly. But the ever, decided to forego any changes until But what is even the most tolerant reader 1976, expecting that the delay could save merits of Miller's proposal far outweigh that to think now? It turns out that Hooker's top difficulty. Executives would be a lot more Ford about $20 million. management knowingly authorized pollution In 1973 a more detailed memo outlined the reluctant to hush up a hazard, or allow fel­ violations and that the company fudged test low employees to do so, with the prospect severity of the hazard by evaluating the costs results and hid data from authorities. of modifying production equipment or in­ of a $50,000 fine and two yea.rs tn prison be­ The sorry tale, reported in two articles in fore theLr eyes. sta111ng a part to reduce the risk to pas­ the Times by Donald G. McNell, Jr., is docu­ sengers. This cost was then compared to the Corporations don't commit crimes; people mented by Hooker's own files. One Hooker do. The Miller bill plugs a gaping and dan­ "value" of the lives which would be lost if plant at White Springs, Fla., used a scrubbing no corrections were undertaken. gerous loophole tn the criminal law. It de­ process that allowed fluoride emissions far serves prompt enactment. Fiord estimated the value of a human life above the permissible level. This was a to be $200,000, and the value of a serious money-saving move approved by the com­ KEEPING DANGEROUS SECRETS injury at $67,000. Multiplying this by the pany's officers despite warnings by the Florida estimated 180 deaths which could be antic­ plant manager that pollution regulations [From the Fresno Bee, Aug. 6, 1979] ipated and a comparable number of serious would be violated. The plant also changed There is no shortage of laws designed to injuries, the company decided that the costs procedures temporarily to obtain pollution protect workers and to keep dangerous sub- 32814 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 15, 1979 stances out of food and the environment. undertaken for some desired benefit. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission later But 1f the specific hazards of handling or problem is.. first, knowing how to judge and this week, we will have another oppor­ using a product are not reported the laws tame the associated risks (we still know cannot be effective. relatively little) and, second, getting the gov­ tunity to require tested emergency evac­ Numerous investigations in the past sev­ ernment and commercial and other entities uation plans for nuclear plants as a eral years have shown that manufacturers involved to accept the restraints that are vital condition for licensing. In preparation of the pesticide DBCP, asbestos and other to the protection of people and resources. for the debate on this important mat­ substances have suppressed research data And there is evidence that in both the op­ ter, I want to call the attention of my that strongly suggested a link between their eration of plants that make or handle dan­ colleagues to the recent test of one such product and cancer in human beings. In gerous substances and the disposal of wastes, plan in my district for the only operat­ one case a commercial laboratory shredded these restraints are being violated or ignored. ing nuclear powerplant in Oregon. the records of pesticide safety tests it per­ A few months ago, a company in Houston formed so the records would not get into was accused of illegally disposing of hazard­ A number of problems were brought the hands of the Environmental Protection ous wastes by mixing them with motor oils to light as a result of the drill that was Agency. Also, a House subcommittee dis­ that had been used by contractors to surface conducted cooperatively by county, State closed that manufacturers of DBOP, Occi­ dirt roads. The substances? Nitrobenzene and and Federal officials and Portland Gen­ dental Chemical Co., withheld evidence for .cyanide, both deadly. The company involved eral Electric, the utility which operates years that the waste-dumping at their was no Mafia-owned midnight dumper, but the country's largest waste-handling busi­ the nuclear plant. We learned a great Lathrop, San Joaquin County, plant was deal from the exercise that will be in­ poisoning local drinking water. ness, Browning-Ferris. Again, documents recently uncovered as valuable to us in improving the plan, The person who makes a decision to con­ not the least of which is that State and ceal data, to withhold information about part of the government's lawsuit against the hazards of a product although he knows Hooker Chemical (the perpetrator of the local agencies were not adequately that public health will be adversely affected Love Canal disaster) reveal that top com­ prepared to handle an atomic plant and people's lives may be jeopardized, de­ pany management approved illegal practices emergency-precisely why the amend­ serves to be punished. Such punishment flagrantly violating air- and water-pollution ment is needed to the N.R.C. authoriza­ would be meted out under a bill proposed permits. A Hooker-owned phosphorous plant tion bill. in White Springs, Fla., sometimes discharged by Rep. George M1ller, D-Martinez, who says As a resul·t of the Oregon experience, coverups in the chemical industry justify as much as 100 times its allowed daily level subjecting corporate officials to criminal of fluoride gas. The same plant knowingly we can now iron out the problems un­ penalties if they fall to disclose health or violated its water-pollution permits on at covered and design a plan that will more safety hazards of their products. least three counts--fluoride, phosphorous effectively coordinate the resources of and pH (a measure of acidity). The river The bill will be subject to extensive de­ local, State and Federal governments in into which these discharges were made is the meeting an emergency at the plant. The bate since chemical products continue to Suwannee, of Stephen Foster fame, and the be an essential part of this country's growth only major river in the area that remains officials involved in this recent exercise and economy and the manufacturers cannot relatively unspoiled. The company is alleged are to be commended for conducting the be made scapegoats simply because they to have satisfied environmental licensing drill and encouraged in their efforts to make and market a hazardous product. How­ requirements by altering its processes in correct the plan. ever Miller's bill is not a vaguely worded order to collect phony test data and then Mr. Speaker, as we prepare for the catch-all to intimidate chemical plant returning to the illegal mode. owners. This bill is written so that a upcoming debate on the authorization What is important is that such stories are for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission corporate officer cannot be prosecuted un­ no longer exceptional. The Environmental less he knowingly represses data which shows Protection Agency estimates that there are and the need for tested emergency a product poses "a serious danger" and wm about 100 dump sites around the country evacuation plans, I urge my colleagues lead to "serious bodily injury." that already pose an immediate threat to to review the Oregon experience as out­ "Serious danger" and "serious bodily in­ health. Meanwhile, new hazardous waste is lined in the following newspaper article jury" are defined closely so that manufac­ being generated at an annual rate of between and editorial on the event; it was pub­ turers of dangerous chemicals will not be 30 and 40 mHlion tons, and new chemicals lished in the Oregon Journal. hailed into court capriciously. introduced at the rate of several thousand The article follows: It is only fair to insist that manufac­ per year. Safe exposure levels have been set turers of hazardous chemical products tell for only about 1 percent of the 70,000 chemi­ MOCK EVACUATION AT TROJAN WAS FAB the public of the hazard involved in han­ cals already in use. FRoM PERFEor dUng, and using, such products. Against this fiood, existing government re­ If a drlll is a success because it points up sources are pitifully inadequate. New laws shortcomings, then the mock evacuation of the Trojan nuclear power plant last week [From The Washington Post, Aug. 20, 1979] that will help are on the books, but it's go­ ing to take time to make them work. In the should be this year's smash hit in Colum­ DEALING WITH THE POISONERS meantime, assistance from the courts will bia Ooun.ty. Everywhere you look these days, one toxic remain crucial. Corporations must be held The drill showed nearly all parties un­ chemical or another seems to be gushing, accountable for the actions of their employ­ prepared to function in the event of a nu­ leaking, leaching, blowing or seeping into ees. A welcome precedent was established clear accident. some place it shouldn't be. Saturday's paper last week when a jury held Olin Corporation A newly created decision center, set up was a festival of these stories. There were no guilty along with three of its former em­ in the State Office Building in Portland, fewer than five separate accounts of acci­ ployees for illegally discharging mercury into didn't function well. Gov. Vic Atlyeh fiew dental or planned mismanagement of chemi­ the Niagara River. Penalties, including jail by helicopter from Salem to Portland to be cals and chemical and radioactive wastes. The sentences, need to be personally applied to the chief decision maker. Yet the state Emer­ stories ran the gamut from illegal dumping company managers who knowingly direct or gency Services Division continued to func­ of wastes into abandoned mine shafts (from allow illegal pollution or withhold evidence tion in the Capitol in Salem. which they later leak into the water supply) of dangers to the health of workers or con­ This dualism should be ended. It appears to a cloud of mysterious gas that swept across sumers. Yes, it is harsh-but not nearly as that those who want to establish a decision a Kentucky community sending 30 people to harsh as what may befall those who are the center in the Capitol in Salem instead of hospital emergency rooms. Five stories may victiins of these poisonous substances.e Portland have a point. be unusually high for one day. ·But the Functional communications are the key mounting number of such incidents over the to making any drill work, and this area past year suggests that we make a mistake probably showed the most signlfi.cant weak­ to treat each as an isolated event. Rather, nesses in the entire plan. they are part of a big and frightening EVACUATION PLANS FOR NUCLEAR PLANT INADEQUATE Local law enforcement agencies were un­ national problem. able to communicate with Oregon State The first thing to be said about this prob­ Police. No one called the Federal Aviation lem is that it is not the result of a lot of HON. LES AuCOIN Administration although that agency would mindless malefactors throwing poisons be responsible for clearing airspace if a around aimlessly because they have nothing OF OREGON plume of radioactive gas was escaping into else to do. Whether the subject is nuclear IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the atmosphere. Washington state officials energy or agricultural pesticides or any of Thursday, November 15, 1979 responsible for evacuating residents frotn the other trouble-making substances and the Kalama area--as the drill proposed­ technologies, we are talking about harmful • Mr. AuCOIN. Mr. Speaker, when the said they lacked information from Trojan side effects and consequences of enterprises House takes up the authorization for the plant personnel. November 15, 1979 EXTENSI~NS OF REMARKS 32815 One beneficia.! suggestion is tha.t a. data grade and maintain effective regulatory after repe.lr, 62 percent. Stlll broken, 38 per­ transmission system be -created. High-speed agencies, like the Federal Trade Com­ cent. teleprinters could tie the ma.ny public a.nd mission, rather than to abolish or crip­ 9. What type of insurance do you have? private entities involved in the pla.n to a. Health, 87 percent. Life, 79 percent. Home­ common tmnsmission system which would ple them. owners, 77 percent. Tenant, 12 percent. Auto, provide fa.ctua.l informa.tion for all to see When asked as to what consumer 91 percent. None, 1 percent. &~nd use. Which way is the ra.dioa.ctive plume problem areas Congress should consider, 10. Which of the following, if any, have moving? Precisely what decision was ma.de 23 percent responded that inflation you experienced with your insurance? a.n hour a.go about eva.cua.tion? The infor­ should receive priority, followed by the Policy hard to understand, 42 percent. Pol­ ma.tion would be on the printer for a.1l to automotive industry, energy, product/ icy misrepresented by agent, 12 percent. see. service quality and misrepresentation/ No problems, 37 percent. Company failed to Portland General Electric, Trojan's opera­ resol, e complaint, 12 percent. Problems, but tor, is required to stage a. ·drln a. year. This false advertising. Through the various they were resolved, 8 percent. Claims not wa.s the first involving the operation of a. comments and letters attached to this settled in 90 days, 11 percent. "decision center" ln which the governor question, I was able to sense a distinct 11. What do you feel companies have no made decisions a.bout evacuating residents. feeling among the respondents that Con­ right to consider in granting credit? Consideration should be given to a. second gress can still be trusted to legislate Income, H: percent. Personal habits, 50 dr1ll this yea.r because of a.1l the problems wisely. It is our duty not to disappoint percent. Past credit record, 13 percent. encountered. Spouse's credit, 35 percent. them. 12. Do you have any credit cards? PGE ha.s tna.inta.ined a. three-mile evacua­ The results follow: tion plan but now this is being stretched to Yes, 82 percent. No, 14 percent. Used to, 10 miles which involves 60,000 residents in­ NATIONAL RESULTs-SURVEY OF CONSUMER but I cancelled them, 3 percent. Used to, but stead o! a. few hundred. That's like super­ ATTITUDES AND PROBLEM AREAS "they were cancelled, 1 percent. imposing a.n entirely new plan for Wash­ 1. Have you complained about a product 13. Which of the following, if any, have ington and Oregon areas nea.r the plant. or service in the past year? you experienced with your credit cards? Yes, 75 percent. No, 9 percent. Wanted to, Bills hard to understand, 9 percent. Com­ Despite the talk about how valuable the plaints not settled in 90 days, 6 percent. In­ drlll proved to be because CYf all the prob­ but didn't, 15 percent. 2. If you did complain, what was the prod­ correct charges on bills, 16 percent. Problems, lems it revealed, those involved ln making but they were resolved, 18 percent. No prob­ evacuation work should remember that the uct or service? Automobile, 23 percent. Food, 15 percent. lems, 63 percent. drill showed local and state agencies woe­ 14. How often do you get the feeling you're fully unprepared to manage moving people Small appllance, 11 percent. Other house­ hold products, 11 percent. Home, 7 percent. being "ripped-of!?" ha.d last week's exercise been the real Never, 4 percent. Frequently, 34 percent.· thing .• Who did you complain to? Retailer/dealer, 45 percent. Manufacturer, Occasionally, 55 percent. Always, 7 percent. 30 percent. Action Line, 9 percent. Govern­ 15. What consumer problem areas, 1! any ment Agency, 8 percent. Elected representa­ should Congress look into? SURVEY RESULTS OF THE ·ACTION tives, 8 percent. Infiation, 23 percent (includes high prices LINE REPORTERS ASSOCIATION Was the problem resolved? of food, utilities, products, etc.). Yes, 49.5 percent. No,-. Automobiles, 12 percent (quality of new 3. If you had a problem but did not com­ cars and frequency of repair). HON. JAMES H. SCHEUER plain, why not? Energy, 11 percent (prices, monopolies, supply, etc.). OF NEW YORK To much of a hassle, 18.5 percent. Didn't know whom to contact, 21.9 percent. Didn't Product;service quallty, 11 percent (shod­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES think it would do any good, 44.8 percent. dy merchandise quality control, etc.). Thursday, November 15, 1979 Other, 5.1 percent. Advertising, 10 percent (Inisrepresenta­ 4. Which of the following would ·you con­ tion, deception, etc.). e Mr. SCHEUER. Mr. Speaker, I would tact for help with a consumer problem? 16. What do you feel ls the number one like to submit the results of a survey Manufacturer, 70 percent. Consumer group, consumer problem? done by my subcommittee in conjunction 27 percent. Retailer/ Dealer, 69 percent. Busi­ Infiation, 29 percent. Energy, 11 percent. with the Action Line Reporters Associa­ ness Group, 13 percent. Action Line, 39 per­ Automobiles, 10 percent. Advertising, 10 per­ tion. These results were released to the cent. Elected Representative, 9 percent. Law­ cent. Product/ Service quality, 10 percent. In­ public at the Action Line Reporters Con­ yer, 14 percent. Government Agency, 15 per­ surance, 7 percent (misrepresentation, un­ cent. derstanding, cost, etc.). Government, 7 per­ ference of October 15. I want to salute cent (inefficiency, bureaucracy, dishonesty, the American Express Company, which 5. Why, buying consumer products, do you look for the best? etc.). Business, 7 percent (inefficiency, dis­ sponsored the conference, and Edie Fra­ honesty, attitude, etc.) . Warranties, 6 percent Price, 69 percent. Brand name, 51 percent. (inadequacy, understanding, enforcement, ser Associates, which organized it. Warra.nty, 39 percent. Retailer, 24 percent. Action Line reporters are a dedicated etc.). Mail Orders, 5 percent (nondelivery, Credit terms, 4 percent. service, quality, etc.). group of journalists who deal solely with 6. Which of these business people do you 17. How much government regulation do the consumer related problems of their generally not trust? you think is necessary to protect consumers? many readers, listeners and viewers. Not Insurance agents, 34 percent. Door-to-door None, 8 percent. Less than we now have, 23 only do they publish the myriad of com­ salespersons, 79 percent. Grocers, 10 percent. percent. More than we now have, 69 percent.e plaints submitted, but also they do their Travel agents, 10 percent. Used car dealers, best in many cases to see that problems 63 percent. New car dealers, 40 percent. Real are remedied. Upon my request, four­ estate agents, 22 percent. Appllance repair hundred reporters from across the coun­ people, 34 percent. Auto Mechanics, 52 per­ cent. Other, 14 percent. THE NEW YORK TIMES DOES A POR­ try were asked, in place of their regular TRAIT OF A GREAT CONGRESS­ consumer columns, to run a survey de­ 7. Do you buy products through the mail? signed to gage the needs, preferences Yes, 57 percent. No, 25 percent. Used to, MAN-CHARLES RANGEL and opinions of the consumer-at-large. but no longer, 18 percent. If so, which of the following, if any, have The results of the poll were returned you experienced? HON. MARIO BIAGGI to us by forty newspapers with a total of Product not delivered, 17 percent. Refunds OF NEW YORK over six thousand responses. Percentages not provided if dissatisfied, 10 percent. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES varied a little from city to city and from Problems, but they were resolved, 21 per­ region to region. In some cases, the feed­ cent. More than a 30-day walt for dellvery, Thursday, November 15, 1979 back was quite surprising. For example, 30 percent. Product doesn't llve up to claims, • Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, there are despite all of the prevailing antiregula­ 23 percent. No problems, 27 percent. few of my colleagues for whom I hold a tory rhetoric, over 69 percent of those 8. Have you had your car repaired in the greater amount of respect and affection surveyed believe that more, not less, past year? Yes, 85 percent. No, 10 percent. Don't have than CHARLIE RANGEL. CHARLIE WhO rep­ Government regulation is required to one, 5 percent. resents the 19th Congressional District protect the interests of the consumer. In If so, was it ... New, 48 percent. Used, in New York was the subject of a feature light of this very significant revelation, 52 percent, Under warranty, 31 percent. Out article in the New York Times on No- it certainly makes much sense to up- of warranty, 69 percent. Running smoothly vember 12. 32816 EXTE;NSIONS OF REMARKS November 15, 1979 The article written by Sheila Rule, you to know he's nasty to everybody.' I •was sometimes prematurely viewed as a one­ traced briefly CHARLIE's life from a high thought that was rather ndce.'' dimensio~al expert on the "ghetto problems" school dropout to an outstanding career Some New York politicians have com­ of welfare and drugs. This perception ca.me plained that, as Mr. Rangel's star has partly because his district includes Harlem, in the Congress and his influential ~ole ascended in Washington, he has tended to in New York politics. His accomphsh­ the symbol of the nation's ghettos, and he neglect his home base. But Mr. Rangel's aides expended much energy a.ttempting to deal ments are surely worthy of documenta­ say that the opposite is true, that his work legislatively with these issues. tion. Yet I was impressed by the real in Washington has suffered as a result of story that the article told-the stol!' having to serve as "everybody's black Con­ A WILLING LISTENER which is no mystery to anybody in this gressman" in New York City. They say a Even today, the legislative accomplish­ House--that CHARLIE RANGEL is one Of measure or his grass-roots popularity was ments of which he is most proud concern his recent election as a. Democratic district the disadvantaged, including a law that pro­ congress hardest working M~mbers. lea.der. vides a tax credit to employers who hire cer­ CHARLIE in addition to representmg his He and his wtte, Alma., and their two chil­ tain workers, Federal forgiveness of New constituents in Congress is emerging as dren live in Washington but return on week­ York City's excessive use of two-party wel­ a national legislative figure by virtue of ends to the Harlem house where Mr. Rangel fare checks and the establishment of an his being chairman of the important grew up. office of "minority economic impact" in the Federal Energy Department. Health Subcommittee of the House Ways Nine years have pa.ssed since Mr. Rangel, and Means Committee. then an Assemblyman, pulled· out a. narrow It was not long after his a.rrival in Con­ Today the Congress is considering the primary victory aga.inst Representative Adam gress that this dropout from DeWitt Clinton Clayton Powell Jr., thereby ending nea.rly High School-who eventually earned a St. hospital cost containment bill-one of John's University law degree-beca.me the most important health bills of this four decades of one-man poUtical rule in the racially a.nd economically diverse district in known as a. wt111ng listener to the diverse decade. CHARLIE RANGEL's contributions upper Manhattan. Since then, it is widely problems of his colleagues and an able pra.c­ to this bill have been unparalled by any agreed, Mr. Rangel has become an infiuential titloner or political give and take. This abil­ House Member. Representa.tive. ity has been sharpened in part by on-the-job training in his district. The best way to say it-no matter what In 1974, he beca.me the first black named to the endeavor-CHARLIE RANGEL is doing the House Wa.ys and Means Committee; he The a.rea, overwhelmingly black in Adam the job and doing it well. I ask that the is now the chairman or the committee's Clayton Powell's time, is now roughly 50 following article from the New York health subcommittee. He is also a member or percent black, 30 percent white and 20 per­ Times be inserted into the RECORD: the Democratic Steering and Policy Com­ cent Puerto Rican. Thus, Mr. Rangel must mittee, which nominates committee cha.ir­ appear to be responsive on survival issues (From the New York Times, Nov. 12, 1979] men and recommends party policy and legis­ affecting his constituents in Harlem and RANGEL EMERGES AS A KEY FIGURE IN tive priorities. Along the way, Representative East Harlem while being an expert on the CITY POLITICS Rangel built strong a.lliances in Congress, in Middle East and middle-class concerns for (By Shena Rule) Federal agencies and at the White House. his constituents in the high-rent Lincoln WASHINGTON.-It was the aftermath of the Mr. Rangel attributes his political suc­ Center area and other West Side neighbor­ 1976 Presidential election, traditionally a pe­ cess largely to luck and coincidence. hoods. At the same time, he has had to battle pollution problems and obtain rent riod when visions of political plums dance RIGHT PLACE, RIGHT TIME tn the heads of the winner's ames. Aides to subsidies for those who voted for him on Representative Charles B. Rangel, the Har­ "My power, 1f you want to call it that," Roosevelt Island. lem Democrat who had been a strong sup­ he said recently, "stems from my ab111ty to The former Manhattan Borough President, porter of Jdmmy Carter, were contemplating be in the right place at the right time. Percy E. Sutton, who was instrumental in jobs in the new Administration for which "For example, when I was on the Judici­ assisting Mr. Rangel in his initial run for their boss might be considered. ary Committee, the impeachment hearings Congress and who ha.s been widely regarded "But once we started doing leg work to were going on. When I went to Wa.ys a.nd as Mr. Rangel's political mentor, likens the see what position he could go for, we came Means. the major problems of the nation situa.tion to "walking on a tightrope over to the conclusion that he wanted to stay were economic. When I became chairman of eggs.'' where he is and keep doing what he's doing," the health subcommittee, one major prob­ ADEPT AT THE PRACTICAL lem was the infiationa.ry impact of health an aide to Mr. Rangel said recently. care. In line with this balancing act, associ­ What Mr. Rangel has been doing since hds "Never have I had to plan my future. ates say, Mr. Rangel is adept at carving 1970 election to the House of Representatives There would always be some opportunity pratical solutions out of differing views and is building political power, both here and in that would come along.'' wlll not let idealism cloud reality. New York City. The effort has produced re­ Mr: Rangel's associates credit much of his In agreement are those whose pol_1tical sults in both places. success to a mixture of sagacity, hard work preference runs oounter to that of Mr. In New York, the 49-year-old Representa­ and a distinctive way of winning friends Rangel, who, in 1978, wa.s ra.ted by major tive from the 19th Congressional District has that features jokes, dimples, charm and a liberal and conservative organizations a.s emerged, especially in the last several sometimes disarming frankness. having the most liberal voting record of any months, as the city's leaddng black politician. New York state Representative. KEEPS LINE OPEN TO MAYOR This status is regarded not only as an out­ "We've worked very closely on welfare re­ growth of his ablllties and political connec­ He is a highly vocal advocate of black form b1lls that have pa.ssed in the last three tions, but also because he is one of the high­ interests in the city and, a.s such, has squared years," said Represen.tative Guy Vander est ranking black elected officials in a com­ off against Mayor Koch on such issues as Mr. Jagt of Michigan, whose job as chairman munity that is seen by many to be suffering Koch's proposed closings of municipal hos­ of the Nat'ional Republican Congressional !rom a leadership vacuum. pitals in minority neighborhoods and budget Committee is to unseat people of Mr. Ran­ KOCH IS NASTY TO EVERY~ODY cuts in programs affecting black and Puerto gel's party. Rican residents. When blacks ddrected a storm of criticism "He's given a little and I've given a. lot. against what they saw as the Koch admin­ But, as a realist whose district includes He has persua.ded me with a tremendous istration's insensitivity to minority concerns, areas heavily dependent on city services, he ha.s kept open his lines or communication grasp of subject ma.tter and a.n 81bl11ty to ex­ Mr. Rangel helped Mr. Koch by establishing plain his position in a very wlnnlng way.'' meetings between both sides. His action, with Mayor Koch. however, did not go over well with many Even though the 1980 census is expected WHEELER DEALER TO SOME blacks from diverse backgrounds, who char­ to show that Mr. Rangel's district has under­ But others characterize this as a "wheel­ acterdzed as "devastating" the newspaper gone an 18 percent drop in population dur­ er dealer" quality that sometimes calls for photographs of the Mayor with his arm ing the last deca.de-largely as a. result of the Congressman to ignore principles. around Mr. Rangel after one of the meetings. abandoned housing-it is considered unlikely Political a.ssooiates in New York and Wash­ But Mr. Koch has not been ungrateful. that his seat will be threatened by the re­ ington note that Mr. Rangel, who had op­ "When my relationship with some in the apportionment that is expected a.fter the posed natural gas price deregulation, la.st census. Reapportionment techni~ians say black community reached a low point," said 1n that this is because Manhattan-which now year voted favor of lifting controls. There the Mayor, who recalled a time when he has two full districts, including Mr. Rangel's, have been a.ccusations that he did so in ex­ and Mr. Rangel were allies in Congress, "he and two districts that are shared with other change for a Presidential promise of Fed­ extended a friendly hand by calling me and boroughs-is likely to lose only one shared eral money for a Third World Trade Center saying he would llke to be helpful. district. that is slowly going up near the State Office "He has told some blacks angry with me: When Mr. Rangel was a freshman Con­ Building in Harlem. Mr. Rangel has denied 'You say Ed Koch ls nasty to you? I want gressman, longtime associates recalled, he that a deal was struck. November 15, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32817 These same critics suggest that he w111 sources needed and the resources available lied on card files and manual systems to ~brow his support behind Mr. Carter in 1980 to handle existing caseloads. Such informa­ record such da.ta in the cases. The Tax purely for the sake of political expediency, tion would no doubt alleviate some of the Division and the executive office for U.S. although much of his district is expected past problems Justice has encountered in attorneys have automated systems to to be ripe territory for Senator Edward M. supplying budget and cost data supporting provide summary data on cases. How­ ~ennedy of Massachusetts. Mr. Rangel, resources requests. w.hose Washington omce decor includes busts Additionally, uniform data on cases also ever, the GAO reported that the sum­ of John F. Kennedy and Robert F. Ken­ appears feasible. While there are unique in­ mary reports were inaccurate. nedy, says he has made no decision on the formational needs of each litigation group, The shortcomings have been known for matter, but that it wlll be "hard to see how some commonality could be achieved, such years. For instance, in 1970 the Depart­ I wlll be supporting Senator Kennedy." as the calendar time required to handle a ment began working on a system that Mr. Rangel shakes off definitions of his case, case disposition, and current status. would provide more detailed data from political style. Automated case management systems per­ the U.S. attorneys' office than bare-bones "It depends on what I have to compromise, mitting readily retrievable summary data where the votes are and whether or not I now being developed or planned could have information such as how many cases are just feel better in being an idealist than such standard features. pending and when they were received. being a prostitute," said Mr. Rangel, a Under a justice information manage­ decorated Korean War veteran, jostltng an­ The GAO report lists in detail some of ment system gang of migrant workers. They are ment, so that we here can better monitor sttnttngly and unselfishly to bring into fru­ gleaners-people who move into the fields, work and performance. ition this beautiful and inspiring Synagogue orchards, canneries and packing houses to and Center. He was greatly imbued with the salvage what is left after the human or me­ If we in Congress have had trouble Prophet Micah's ideals summed up so mag­ chanical pickers and sorters are through. figuring out the Justice Department's nificently in the words "It hath been told to And usually plenty is left. inner workings, we should sympathize thee, 0 Man, what is good, and what the Lord Gleaners are, in the finest sense of the with those who have had more difficul­ doth require of thee: Only to do justly, and phrase, professional scroungers. They glean ties on the inside because of a lack of to love mercy and to walk humbly wtth thy produce that otherwise would go to waste­ information. God." either plowed under in the field, left to rot These verities motivated his whole life and at the packing house or sold off for pig food. Mr. Speaker, I will look forward to he implanted them within the very fiber of As agriculture and food processing become keeping the House abreast of the Justice our House of God. Through us, members of more mechanized, farm labor more costly Department's efforts to consolidate its the Lake Success Jewish Center, who were so and the whole economic equation more com­ information systems.• deeply inspired by his exemplary leadership, plex, vast amount of perfectly edible and Morris Bauman, of blessed memory, will con­ delicious fTuits and vegetables go unpicked tinue to live eternally.e or unpacked. Each year, the U.S. General Accounting WOLFF HONORS THE MEMORY OF omce estimates, some 60 million tons o! food MORRIS BAUMAN worth $5 blllion is lost during the harvest. GLEANING: A HARVEST FOR THE The amount lost between the farm and the OLD supermarket shelf as the produce passes through the harvest-storage-transportation­ HON. LESTER L. WOLFF processing-distribution chain is believed to OF NEW YORK HON. LES AuCOIN be some 137 million tons annually, or about IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 20 percent of all the food produced in the OF OREGON u.s. Thursday, November 15, 1979 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "People who don't live nea.r food-producing Mr. areas have no idea o! the fantastic amounts e WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, most re­ Thursday, November 15, 1979 that are wasted," explains Lonnie Beard, cently I had the distinction of partici­ president of Senior Gleaners Inc., the na­ pating in the dedication ceremonies of • Mr. AuCOIN. Mr. Speaker, food in our country is going to waste while tion's largest such program. the Morris Bauman Room of the Lake "Unless the item is perfect, 'the canneries Success Jewish Center under the inspir­ some Americans go hungry. In 1977, 20 percent of our Nation's crops were left and the supermarkets don't want it. Any­ ing leadership of Rabbi Seymour Baum­ thing tha.t is slightly blemished, or not just in the field to rot because there was no rtnd. conunercial market for them. This the right size and shape, or slightly under­ Mr. Speaker and my distinguished r.ol­ ripe or overripe, usually gets thrown out. tremendous waste needs to be prevented And that's where we benefit." leagues, in these times when our Nation in order to feed the hungry. The way California is one of the world's great food­ seeks leadership and direction, the con- to salvage this food is gleaning, the growing areas, a.nd about 43 percent of tributions of Morris Bauman extend be- process of hand harvesting crops left America's vegetalbles, plus a la.rge amount of November 15, 1979 EXTENSIONS. OF REMARKS 32819 our fruit, ts produced in that one state hard all their lives and don't like sitting courageous Caplpaign;to curb the spread alone. around. Here they're getting a. chance to help of nuclear weapons technologies and ma­ The paradox 1s that in the midst of all themselves and others less fortunate. To see terials, and a year and a half after Con­ this abundance, many elderly and poor a. guy of 80 and a. lady of 65 loading a. pickup people 11 vlng on fixed incomes rarely get to with fresh produce and driving off to deliver gress overwhelmingly passed the Nuclear taste fresh produce because after it is har­ it to a charity group-well, that's mighty Non-Proliferation Act-the United vested and passed through the middleman, rewarding.•• States' arguments in favor of a tough its price in the market is beyond their Beard estimates that Senior Gleaners will international non-proliferation policy reach. . pick close to 6000 tons of produce this year. have grown even stronger. The ~eanlng movemen~which ha.s at­ "But we won't even make a dent in the Even a.s the 2 year, 52 nation interna­ tracted mostly elderly people into its ranks­ waste," he stresses. is one of those ideas in whloh everyone Gleaners love to describe to incredulous tional nuclear fuel cycle evaluation benefits. outsiders some of the produce bonanzas they Ireland them elsewhere or build their own faclllties, Thursday, November 15, 1979 remaining part of the United Kingdom. This thus comnounding the problem. But the is the solution endorsed by 89% of Northern pressure also yields benefits. It clearly suc­ e Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, today I wish Irela.nd Protestants. Similarly, 55% of North­ ceeded in aborting several transfers of dan­ to insert for the benefit of my col­ ern Ireland Protestants select as their most gerous technologies. leagues, a third installment of the poll disliked solutions the two united Ireland op­ This seems the wrong time to retreat. Sev­ which was recently released in the Re­ tions endorsed as first choice by 68% of peo­ eral trends are running in Mr. Carter's fa­ public of Ireland on attitudes to the ple in the Republic. This 55% is very un­ vor and if he can hold out they may become evenly divided between the unitary and fed­ obvious to other nations. ProJections of de­ Northern Ireland question. eral versions of a United Ireland. However, mand for nuclear power keep decreasing and As chairman of the Ad Hoc Congres­ this is not to say that a significant number supplies of uranium increasingly appear to sional Committee for Irish Affairs, I feel of Northern Ireland Protestants like the be amnle. The need for reproceSSOTS and idea of a federal united Ireland. Table 16 breeders is declining, ·and so is their eco­ it is important that this information be shows that it is the positive choice of only nomic attractiveness. made available for public consumption. four per cent of Northern Protestants.

TABLE 35.-COMPARISON OF POLICY PREFERENCE IN THE REPUBLIC OF IRELAND AND NORTHERN IRELAND: CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGE IN THE REPUBLIC

Percenta11e of Percenta11e of respondents in Northern Ireland respondents in the Proposal and response Republic of Ireland Total Protestant Catholic

The Irish Government should remove from the Constitution the claim to Northern Ireland: Agree ______------______------______------______Disagree ______------__ ------24.4 68.7 88.1 29.6 71.4 27.9 8.2 66.4 Don't know/not ascertained ___ ------______------__ ------______4.2 3.9 3.6 4.0 Totalt ______------100.0 100.0 99.9 100.0 Number ______------____ ---- ______------______------______(1, 758) (1, 277) (825) (402)

The AgreeIrish Government ______should take the steps necessary to make divorce legal in the Republic: _ Disagree ______------______46.0 60.2 67.6 44.8 50.9 29.4 19.8 49.2 Don't know/not ascertained ______------______3.1 10.3 12.6 6.0 Totalt ______------______------______------______Number ______------______100.0 99. 9 100.0 100.0 (1, 758) 2 (1, 277) (825) (402)

'Deviations from totals of 100 percent are due to roundin11 errors. 2 Total consists of 825 Protestants, 402 Catholics, and 50 members of other religions, which are not included in the br'!akdown. The single most frequently rejected solu- Republic of Ireland. On the other hand, dis­ land has to do with Option 6 (an inde­ tion in the Republic of Ireland (31 percent) like of the independence option provides pendent Northern Ireland) which has only is that of Northern Ireland remaining part of some common ground between Catholics and three percent support from either of the the United Kingdom with no parliament of Protestants in Northern Ireland, since 31 communities in Northern Ireland and yet is its own but governed directly from London percent of the latter dislike independence supported by nearly a quarter of people (this formulation includes both direct rule most. Taking both the pro- and anti-inde­ polled in Brita.ln. by means of a Secretary of State and total pendence responses of all the relevant groups integration). Forty two percent of Northern into account, lt would seem that, of all the CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGE IN THE REPUBLIC Catholics reject the notion of Northern Ire- options, an independent Northern Ireland There is only limited support in, the Re­ land remaining part of the United Kingdom would satisfy the smallest number and ere­ public of Irela.nd for changes in the 1937 but three-quarters of these (i.e., 42 percent ate the largest overall level of dissatisfact1!m. Constitution which are frequently regarded of all Northern Ireland Catholics) reserve The option of remaining within the United as relevant to a. solution of the Northern Ire­ their greatest dislike for the devolved gov- Kingdom chosen by a large majority of peo­ land problem. This support is particularly ernment with majority rule version of that ple in Northern Ireland is preferred by only low (24%) in the case of the proposal to option and only one-quarter (i.e. 10 percent a minority of British people (25 percent). A remove the claim to Northern Ireland from of all Northern Ireland Catholics) object major factor in this discrepancy is the gap the constitution. A necessary condition for most strongly to direct government by between Northern Ireland Protestant opin­ the relevance of such changes to the search for a solution is that the changes be desired London. ion and British opinion, but it 1s significant by people in Northern Ireland. Table 35 pre­ This is a further example of a phenome- that there is proportionately twice as much sents the relevant data in regard to the two non we have already noted: considerable support for Northern Ireland remaining specific constitutional changes discussed in discrepancy between the views of Catholics within the United Kingdom among Northern the previous sectionr-removal of the claim to in Northern Ireland and the predominantly Ireland Catholics as there is among the pea­ Northern Ireland and removal of the prohibi­ Catholic population of the Republic of ple of Great Britain itself. In other words, tion of divorce. Ireland. neither the people of Great Britain nor the The discrepancy between the two groups is people of the Republic of Ireland are any­ There is a widespread demand tn Northe~ Ireland for the removal of the cla.lm to greatest in regard to their level of objection where close to the views of either the Prates­ Northern Ireland from the Republic's Con­ to an independent Northern Ireland. Close tants or the Catholics in Northern Ireland stitution-69% agree with the proposal. It to a majority (48 percent) of Northern Ire- on this issue. A further instance in which land Catholics dislike most the option of both the British public and the public of the ts, however, an issue on which the two com­ an independent Northern Ireland. This view Republic of Ireland are completely out of munities in Northern Ireland differ radically Is shared by only 20 percent of people in the line with both communities in Northern Ire- and on which Northern Ireland Cathollca are November 15, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32821 much closer to peOple in the Republic than Another point draws important paral­ Then there are those who carp about the they are in relation, to choice of solution. lels between the Irish question and the sectarian nature of the problem ln Ireland, Thus, whereas a United Ireland solution is talks which the British are holding on as if Protestant Orangemen choose loyalty chosen by 68% of people in the Republic to England on religious grounds. While the compared with 39% of Catholics in Northern Zimbabwe-Rhodesia. Somehow there are issue of rellgion has added an extra dimen­ Ireland, the retention of the constitutional those who can applaud the efforts of sion to Ireland's national war !or independ­ claim to Northern Ireland is supported by Britain in negotiating with the guerril­ ence, tt must be remembered that Irishmen 71% of people in the Republic and by 66% las of the Patriotic Front, yet feel that were at war with the English invader for 400 of Catholics in Northern Ireland. However, such a solution to a similar problem years before the Protestant Reformation. The it\ striking contrast is the 88% support could not be applied in Ireland. Issue to be resolved is not papal infall1b111ty among Protestants in Northern Ireland for or the virtues of transubstantiation "versus" the removal of the constitutional claim. I urge my colleagues to think about consubstantiation; the Issue is whether Eng­ Turmng to the divorce issue (also In the historical dimensions of the Irish land has any moral or legal claim to govern Table 35) there is a preference on: the part question which are so succinctly raised or own any part of Ireland. Other than right of a large majority in Northern Ireland by my friend and colleague from the of conquest and Invasion, England has no (60%) for legalisation of divorce In the Re­ Bronx, Assemblyman Walsh. It is im­ such claim. Therefore it should withdraw. public. Aga~ the main source of divergence portant that each and every one of us It is always interesting to note the subtlety on the issue between the Republic and take a long and serious look at the prob­ of phllosophical disquisition when the sub­ Northern Ireland· is the large difference be­ lem of Northern Ireland, a problem ject is Ireland. More people are concerned tween people in: the Republlc (46% of whom today e.bout the imminence of civil war in favour legalisation of divorce In the Repub­ which has plagued the lives of so many Ireland, in the event of England's departure, lic) and Protestants in Northern Ireland by its death and destruction. We need than they are about the millennium of mur­ (68% of whom· favour such a change in the not be silent and look the other way der, bigotry, racism and genocide that 1s the Republic). when our own actions and words could English legacy in Ireland. How deeply con­ 0~ both issues therefore, there 1s a prefer­ bring peace and justice to a troubled cerned some individuals are with the 2,000 ence in Northern Ireland, principally among deaths that have occurred 1n Ireland since Northern Ireland Protestants, !or change In land. 1969, but how indifferent they are to the root the Constitution of the Republic of Ireland. The editorial follows: cause of those deaths and the millions of This suggests that such changes could make Irish who have died as a result of English a contribution to the search for a solution; TO ENGLAND: LEAVE IRELAND (By Sean Patrick Walsh) colontallsm since 11691 It does not, however, prove that they would At this very moment, there are those who do so. To put the matter in another way, the The assassination of Earl Mountba.tten of favor immediate black democratic rule in data demonstrate the existence of a necessary Burma has resurrected the dormant gaggle Zimbabwe Rhodesia even at the cost of civil but not a sumctent condition for the rele­ of critics whose sole Interest in Irish polltics war and bloodshed, but these same individ­ vance of constitutional cbange in the Re­ is denigrating the Provisional Irish Republi­ uals are horrified at the specter of civil war public to the search for a solution.e can Army. As if the Provos, as the Provisional in northeastern Ireland. Why the difference? I .R.A. is known, were the cause of the prob­ Are bigotry and oppression more acceptable lem, these contemporary Cassandras have in Ireland than in Rhodesia? Would these worked themselves Into a veritable dither of critics of the I.R.A. feel the same way if the NEW YORK STATE ASSEMBLYMAN inanity about "terrorism" and have omitted nationalist community of English-occupied !rom their moral lexicon the concept o_f jus­ SEAN WALSH ON BRITISH IN­ Ireland were black? Or 1! they were Jews? I! tice. Forgetting that one man's terrorist is not, then why the double standard? VOLVEMENT IN NORTHERN IRE­ another man's patriot, critics of every lm­ LAND It is certainly legitimate and rational to aginable ideological hue have waxed sten­ abhor violence. But there are occasions when torian about I.R.A. "murderers" while selec­ violence is justlfl.ed. The brutal history of HON. MARIO BIAGGI tively ignoring the brutality and indecency England's colonial occupation of Ireland and of England's occupation of Irish soil. England's refusal to accord the Irish people, OF NEW YORK No serious student of Irish history can as a whole, the right of self-determination IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES discuss the I.R.A. as a Gaelic counterpart of affords one such occasion. No legal double­ the Palestine Liberation Organization or any Thursday, November 15, 1979 talk, no moral legerdemain, no political casu­ other 20th-century terrorist group. The Irish istry can change the nature of the single and • Mr. BlAGG!. Mr. Speaker, one of th~ Republican Brotherhood was in fact founded decisive operative !act of ll!e in Ireland to­ most distinguished members of the As­ tn New York City in 1857. The principles of day: England manufactured the six-county sembly of the Great State of New York, the Brotherhood were simple: to break the statelet known as "Northern Ireland" by a Sean Walsh, recently wrote an editorial connection with England and to assert the cynical and evil gerrymander in 1922. That independence of Ireland. This ru:~.tionallst concession to bigotry and hatred is the reason for the New York Times entitled "To philosophy was first articulated py the great for Lord Mountbatten's death and the deaths England: Leave Ireland." I feel it is im­ Protestant Irish patriot, Theobald Wolfe of so many innocent lives since 1969. Tone, in 1791, was reasserted by Robert Em­ portant that my colleagues here in Con­ Let England then do the right thing 1n gress be made aware of this article and met in 1903, and was the inspiration of the Ireland, as France did in Algeria in 1962- the untiring efforts of this public om­ Young Irelanders in 1848 and the Fenian recognize the morally and polltlcally inde­ cial to bring to greater attention the movement in 1865 and 1867. It animated fensible nature of its occupation of Irish problem of Northern Ireland. the rebelllon of Patrick Pearse and the men soil, terminate that occupation and permit of 1916 and it is the operative political prin­ the whole people o! Ireland, not the resi­ Sean Patrick Walsh, it should be ciple of David O'Connell, the Provo chief of noted, is both a well-respected legisla­ dents of a part thereof, to choose their OWll staff, in 1979. national destiny.e tor and untiring statesman in bringing Those who prattle about I.R.A. violence in the Irish question to the place that it English-occupied Ireland today, without occupies today: a place of high interna­ call1ng for a just and legitimate resolution of tional and national visibility. As chair­ the right of Irishmen to political independ­ MR. VANCE'S TRIP TO ROMANIA man of the Ad Hoc Congressional Com­ ence, are either moral relativists or, worse, mittee for Irish Mairs which has 130 obscurantists. Terrorist bombs come in many shapes and sizes. Some are dropped indiscri­ HON. RICHARD T. SCHULZE Members of Congress, I salute this man's minately !rom B-52's at 10,000 feet, others work for he has been an important part­ are delivered in person. Some are placed in OF PENNSYLVANIA ner of the Ad Hoc Committee in helping Middle Eastern hotels, some go off in Bel­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to bring peace and justice to Northern fast. The motivation of the terrorist, not Thursday, November 15, 1979 Ireland. his methodology, is the distinguishing cri­ There are some very salient points in terion. Irish "terrorists" are seeking to drive • Mr. SCHULZE. Mr. Speaker, later this this article which are worth mentioning. England out of Ireland, just as Menachem year Secretary Cyrus Vance will travel Begin sought to drive England out of Pal­ to Bucharest, Romania for the purpose One notes the oft-stated claim that the estine. It is amazing how the alchemy of suc­ violence in Northern Ireland is sectar­ of reviewing our bilateral relations with cess crowns the erstwhile terrorist with the that socialist country. ian-based is at least, historically, inac­ mantle of respectab1Uty. Sam Adams and the curate. Many of us are not aware that sons of Liberty were regarded by the Engllsh It is my hope that Mr. Vance will use Ireland was at war with England at as terrorists and George Washington would this opportunity to reniind the Romanian least 400 years before the Protestant have been hanged from the nearest yardarm Government of its latest commitment to Reformation. if George III had had hfs way. allow free emigration. 32822 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 15, 1979 Just 4 months ago this body voted to to allow her to emigrate to Israel. Many INTERNATIONAL STUDY CON- extend most-favored-nation status to Members rose to speak for this woman CLUDES THAT REPROCESSING OF Romania based on a series of secret as­ who has been sent far from her family SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL CAN BE surances given by that government to the only because she wants to be free, and CARRIED OUT SAFELY AND ECO­ B'nai B'rith. While details of those assur­ because she hung a sign from her bal­ NOMICALLY ances are not widely known, my informa­ cony expressing that wish for freedom. tion leads me to believe that there has I applaud the action of the House in not been a significant change in the adopting this resolution, and I hope it HON. JOHN W. JENRETTE, JR. Romanian Government's attitude toward does some good. But it only points out OF SOUTH CAROLINA eliminating emigration barriers. There the magnitude of this unacceptable So­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES has not been a significant increase in the viet conduct in refusing to allow the Thursday, November 15, 1979 number of people leaving Romania. refusniks to emigrate. For if the House • Mr. JENRETTE. Mr. Speaker, the 2- I have made available to the Romanian of Representatives was to debate ~sin­ Government and Secretary Vance an ex­ gle resolution each day for a single re­ year International Nuclear Fuel Cycle tensive list of individuals desiring to fusnik, just as we have for Ida Nudel, Evaluation is drawing to a emigrate. To date, I must report that not only would we consider a resolution close. Preliminary reports indicate that only 19 cases out of approximately for each day remaining in this session, this study will demonstrate that nuclear 250 cases have thus far resulted in actual but we would consider one for each day fuel reprocessing can be carried out emigration to either the United States or of the second session; and probably for safely and economically, with minimal Israel. Some of these cases are well each day of the first session of the 97th risk of the diversion of plutonium. known and have been pending for many Congress. This conclusion is contained in the long years. final draft of the INFCE report. The re­ That is a reflection of the depth of this port specifically singles out a reproc­ In addition, I have written to Secretary issue. Many of my colleagues have essing technology known as coprocess­ Vance and have asked him to inquire as ''adopted" families of refusniks, as I ing-in which the product emerges from to the Romanian Government's commit-' have, and we write letters and make ment to free emigration and whether it the plant as a mixed stream of plutonium statements and try to help in any way and uranium rather than plutonium in intends to live up to its latest assurances. we can. But even so we only scratch the We can 111 afford to lose this opportunity a separated form-as greatly reducing surface, for there are literally tens of the risk of nuclear proliferation. to help those individuals who desire to thousands, perhaps hundreds of thou­ emigrate. The report also recommends that ad­ sands of people in the Soviet Union who vanced nations with large reprocessing Thank you, Mr. Speaker. I insert a want nothing more than to get out. plants could offer these services to coun­ copy of my letter to Secretary Vance in These are not spies, they do not want tries that are at an earlier stage of nu­ the RECORD at this ·point: to take over the system or kill anyone or clear development. Participants in the NOVEMBER 13, 19119. blow up any buildings. They are not agi­ INFCE will meet in plenary session next Hon. CYRUS R. VANCE, tating for "counter-revolution," they do February to take final action on the Department of State, not want to run off with state secrets. draft report. Washington, D.O. They simply want out. DEAR MR. SECRETARY: It is my understand­ A recent article by Lee Bandy, there­ ing that you are currently planning on trav­ · One family that wants out is the spected Washington bureau chief of the ellng to Bucharest, Romania on December Fradkins, of Leningrad, I have made State, of Columbia, S.C., provides an 12th for the purpose of improving bllateral three separate statements about the excellent summary and discussion of the relations with that country. Fradkin family as have others, but they preliminary INFCE conclusions. I would As you are aware, there has been consid­ are still in the Soviet Union, and I do like to include Mr. Bandy's article tn the erable controversy over whether Romania if continues to meet the emigration require­ not know they are any closer to de­ RECORD at this point: ments of the Trade Act of 1974 and whether parture. The State Department has been RISK OF SPENT FuEL DIVERSION MINIMAL it is denying baste human rights to its very helpful in making sure that the (By Lee Bandy) Hungarian minority. Soviet Government knows of our interest WASHINGTON.-Reprocessing of spent fuel It la my hope that you will utlllze this in this ease, and I hope U.S. officials will can be carried out safely and economically, opportunity to discuss these two important continue to work for the Fradkin's re­ and the risk of 'theft and prollferation is issues with the Romanian Government and lease. minimal, a final draft report of the Inter­ to pursue with them a number of outstand­ national Nuclear Fuel Cycle Evaluation ing emigration cases. The facts in this case are simple. Daniel Fradkin, who is trained as a (INFCE) has concluded. In an effort to assist you 111( this respect, I The plenary session of INFCE is scheduled am enclosing for your 'information an emi­ mathematician, is not allowed to pursue to convene in Geneva., Switzerland, next gration Ust which contains approximately his chosen profession. The family first February to consider reports related to the two hundred and fifty cases. Regrettably applied for an exit visa back in 1977-7 nuclear industry. some of these cases have been pending for years ago-and indications are that they The INFCE study tends to favor estab­ a number of years and to date only nineteen may not even be allowed to apply again Ushment of regional fuel cycle centers around have resulted 1n actual emlgratlon to either until next year at the earliest. The the world to process the spent fuel ptung up the Unlted States or Israel. original visa request was denied on the at nuclear power plants in several countries. I would greatly appreciate your dlscusslng grounds that Daniel Fradkin had access The Barnwell Nuclear Fuel Plant (BNFP) , these cases with the Romanian Government the only fac111ty capable of handllng com­ and keeping me informed as to the progress to "state secrets." Yet those state secrets mercial fuel in the United States, has been on each case. are over 16 years old, and Mr. Fradkin touted as a possibe multi-national reproc­ Sincerely, was only marginally involved in this re­ essing center operated by the government RICHARD T . ScHULZE, search. And there is a chance that he will under stiff international controls. Member of Oongress.e be charged with "anti-Soviet agitation During the 1976 presidential campaign, and propaganda activity" for teaching Jimmy Carter proposed to a United Nations Hebrew, owning a Hebrew Bible, and for forum that the South Carollna fac111ty be pressing for his rights as guaranteed considered a potential international fuel FREEDOM FOR SOVIET JEWS cycle center. Such an arrangement, he sug­ A VITAL ISSUE-IX under the Soviet Constitution. gested then, could help reduce the risk of With the 1980 Olympic games getting proliferation, or diversion of plutonium. closer, with the House beginning to con­ The INFCE report recommends that na­ tions with large reprocessing plants could HON. MORRIS K. UDALL sider most favored nation status for the offer services to countries that are at an OF ARIZONA Soviet Union, I think it would be a good earlier stage of nuclear development. It notes IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES time for some conciliatory moves by the that about 20 developing nations are ex­ Thursday, November 15, 1979 Soviet authorities. I urge my colleagues pected to have atomic generating fac111ties to keep in mind the attitude and actions by the turn of the century. • Mr. UDALL. Mr. Speaker, just a few "If they decide to reprocess (the spent days ago in this Chamber the House ap­ of the Soviet Union in the area of human fuel) , " the report says, "they would prob­ proved a resolution calling upon the rights as we consioer MFN legislation ably find it economical to use the reprocess­ Government of the Soviet Union to re­ and other measures which affect United ing services of a large national or multi­ lease Ida Nudel from Siberian exile, and States-Soviet relations.• national plant." November 15, 1979 .EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32823 The final draft report entitled "Reprocess­ fuel cycle would be more expensive to set up with the 10-day state visit of Prime ing, Plutonium Handling, Recycle," was sub­ and take a longer time to get working than Minister Jack Lynch of Ireland who mitted at the July 23-25 meeting of the a specific dedicated program tor nuclear INFCE Technical Co-ordinating Committee. weapons. Furthermore, a dedicated program arrived in this country on November 8. It was intended for "INFCE participants might well be less detectable than the abuse This particular section of this survey only." A copy was obtained by The State's ot the industrial scale !ac111ties," it said. deals with attitudes toward British Washington Bureau. The risk of proliferation, R suggested, withdrawal, comparing those of citizens The reprocessing evaluation covered tech­ must be balanced against the advantages in the Republic, Great Britain, and nology, environmental impact, economics, ot the successful introduction of industrial Northern Ireland. There appears to be use of energy resources, risk of prollteration, scale nuclear power programs. across-the-board support for British safeguards, institutional arrangements and The report recommends certain steps that withdrawal, while at the same time, high special needs of developing nations. can be taken to reduce the risk of diversion. While generally endorsing the reprocessing They include technical measures (11ke co­ levels of agreement of the consequences of spent fuel, the report said "considerable processing), improved plant safeguards (ac­ of such a withdrawal-article notes development work and consequently a heavy counting, containment and survelllance), table 37 which was not included in the investment of time and effort would be re­ and institutional alternatives (creation of article. quired" before some technologies could be multi-national fuel cycle centers). As chairman of the 130-member Ad introduced on an industrial scale. While economic arguments for reprocess­ Hoc Congressional Committee for Irish It specifically singles out a technique ing depend on the price of uranium and cost Affairs, I wish to insert the aforemen­ known as co-processing-a modification of ot waste disposal, the report said, use of the reprocessing in which plutonium does not separated plutonium and uranium will result tioned article into the REcORD: exist in separated form but emerges from in savings, whether burned in 11ght water or BRITISH WITHDRAWAL the plant in a mixed stream of uranium and fast reactors. The economic advantage in the On the issue of British withdrawal, the plutonium thus greatly reducing the risk of latter would likely be larger, the report said. evidence from the Republic of Ireland proliferation. 1t production costs can be kept down.e which we have considered indicated wide­ "Most countries consider that more re­ spread endorsement of the proposal; despite search and development and pilot plant pessimistic expectations as to its conse­ studies would be needed before they could COMPREHENSIVE POLL TAKEN ON quences. How do these preferences and ex­ introduce R (reprocessing) with confidence ATTITUDES IN ffiELAND: PART IV pectations compare to the preferences and on an industrial scale. It may therefore be expectations of those who would be most considered as an option tor a future genera­ directly affected 1t the policy were imple­ tion of reprocessing plants," the report HON. MARIO · BIAGGI mented-the two communities in Northern suggests. Ireland-and to the preferences and ex­ Oftlcials of Allled General Nuclear Services, OF NEW YORK pectations of the people of Great Britain? owners and operators of the Barnwell plant, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES As with all the data so far considered say the South Caronna facllity could easlly Thursday, November 15, 1979 there are strongly contrasting preferences be altered to handle the co-processing mode. on the issue of British withdrawal in the The INFCE report believes "proliferation • Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, I wish to Republic and in Northern Ireland-71 per­ is primarily a political and not a technical insert in the RECORD a fourth install­ cent support for unilateral British with­ matter," that physical steps can be taken to ment of a poll which was recently drawal in the Republlc, 74 percent opposi­ protect the fuel cycles from abuse. And released by the Irish Times newspaper tion to unilateral withdrawal in Northern though the problem of proliferation wlll of Dublin which detailed the attitudes Ireland (Table 36). Given the tact that, it always exist, it added, the risk is minimal. British withdrawal were unilateral, it would "The abuse of fuel-cycle tacllitles is not of Irish citizens to possible solutions to be, by definition, contrary to the wishes of the easiest nor the most eftlcient route to the Ulster problem. the majority Protestant community, the acquire materials for manufacture of nu­ I feel that it is appropriate that this overwhelming opposition to the proposal (86 clear weapons," the report contended. information be made available to my percent) on the part of Northern Ireland "In particular, an industrial scale nuclear colleagues here in Congress to coincide Protestants is predictable. TABLE 36.-COMPARISON OF POLICY PREFERENCES IN THE REPUBLIC OF IRELAND, NORTHERN IRELAND AND GREAT BRITAIN; BRITISH WITHDRAWAL

Percentaae of respondents in Percentaae respondents in Northern Ireland Percentaae of the Republic of------respondents in Proposal and response Ireland Total Protestant Catholic Great Britain 1

The British Government should declare their intention to withdraw whether the majority in Nor- thern Ireland aarees or not: s 23.6 11.5 5 73.8 86.4 ~f:::r-e;:_-~~======~======~n~kn~~otascert~ned ______; ------_____~g:3_.8------~---2_._7 ~ 2.6 2.1 :~: ~ ______33:~: 100.0 100.0 1 Num~~~:=:::::::::::::=:::=::::::::::::::==~~~~~~~=~=g~>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~=h=l=>~~~~o=.o=2=na (1, 277) (825) The British Government should announce its intention to withdraw from Northern Ireland at a fixed date in the future: A~ree 77 8 31.2 15.0 64. 4 ------66.2 82.7 ~n'tDisaar-88~ know/not ~= == :::::::::: ascertained------======------18:4. o2 2. 5 2.3 32.2. o7 ------__ ------~------Total2 ____ ------100. 0 99.9 100.0 99. 1 ------Number ______------____ ------______------__ ------______------(1, 758) 3 (1, 277) (825) ( 402) __ ------

I For the purpose of comparison these figures have been derived from a question of slightly 3 Total consists of 825 Protestants, 402 Catholics and 50 members of other religions, which are different wording in the British survey. not included in the breakdown. 2 Deviations from totals of 100 percent are due to rounding errors. This Protestant opposition does not, how­ at a fixed date in the !uture"-support and Northern Ireland Protestants (81% dis­ ever, totally account for the contrast between among Catholics in Northern Ireland rises agreement) but there is also a substantial preferences in the Republic and preferences from 49% to 64%. difference between people in the Republic in Northern Ireland. That is to say there is a In considering the issue of British with­ and Catholics in Northern Ireland (60% dis­ significant contrast between preferences in drawal the expectations of the two communi­ agreement) . In the case of the second state­ the Republic (71% pro-withdrawal) and ties who would have to live with the con­ ment on consequences-"British withdrawal preferences among Catholics in Northern sequences of withdrawal are obviously of par­ from Northern Ireland without the consent Ireland (49% pro-withdrawal). In fact sup­ ticular importance. Expectations regarding of the parties involved would lead to a great port for unilateral British withdrawal is the consequences of British withdrawal are increase in violence"-the degree ot pessi­ greater among people in Britain (56%) than much more pessimlstic in Northern Ireland mism increases in all oases. Over-all 81 % of among people in Northern Ireland as a whole than in the Republic on both the indicators people in Northern Ireland agree with the (24%) and it is even greater among people ot expectation which we have used. In re­ proposition (Table 37). 88% of Northern ln Britain than among the Catholic and pre­ sponse to the item "British withdrawal from Ireland Protestants hold this expectation sumptively nationalist population of North­ Northern Ireland without the consent of the and 67 % of Northern Ireland Catholics do so. ern Ireland. However. in response to the less parties involved .would lead to a negotiated Evidently, given this 67% expectation among insistent and more long-term formulation of settlement," 74% of people in Northern Ire­ Northern Ireland Catholics of a great in­ the proposal of British withdrawal-"the land disagreed compared to 49% in the Re­ crease in violence consequent on British British Government should announce its in­ public (Table 37). Predictably the difference withdrawal and the 49% support for British tention to withdraw ~rom Northern Ireland is greatest between people in the Republic unilateral withdrawal In the same group, 32824 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS November 15, 1979 some Northern Ireland Cathollcs support pie have said that in modern times there are And I think of the message tapped out by r British withdrawal while at the same time no more heroes left. But ln Hungary in 1956 a single man fighting in the besieged oftlces of entertaining the expectation that such a step it became clear that there stm are heroes in would lead to a great increase in violence. this world. the newspaper Szabad Nep on the morning of November 4, the day of the invasion: "Rus­ However, the most Important point to As one who has always loved and enjoyed Sian gangsters have betrayed us . . . they emerge !rom the data in .Table 37 1s the high our ethnic culture, and who has been to opened fire on everybody ln Hungary . . . though not identica;t levels of agreement in Eastern Europe, certain events of the history both communities in Northern Ireland that of that region have had a major impact on please tell the world of the treacherous at­ unilateral British withdrawal would lead to tack against our struggle for liberty ... help 1 me. I have been deeply moved by the Hun­ ... help! ... help!" Four hours later his mes­ a great increase in violence. This expecta­ garian uprising since those first tumultous sages stopped forever. tion is also held by a clear majority (59% ) days. I have thought about the Uprising in of people in the Republic. It is notable that broad international, political and historical I think of thirty-two students forming a people in Britain, though on balance pessi­ terms-yet, it boils down to thls--a shining barricade around the statue of St. Imre in mistic as to the consequences (48% great in­ light snu1Ied out by the legions of darkness Moricz Zsigmond Square in Buda, holding and death. But even more, as I learn about the road that led into Pest against tank at­ crease, 39% great decrease or little or no tacks for eight hours with machine guns and change) are less pessimistic than any of the the experiences of those who took part, I communities in Ireland.e realize that, above all, it is a human story, Molotov cocktails alone ... destroying five and its memory graces our own humanity. Russian tanks before the last boy died. Individual experiences of the Uprising I think of the legendary Hungarian leader show the true meaning of what happened known as "Uncle Szabo," fighting through COMMEMORATION OF THE 1956 the smoke with his 200 young freedom fight­ HUNGARIAN UPRISING in Hungary in 1956, much more than polit­ Ical treatiese or history books can. Some of ers behind their barricade or upturned rail­ you in this audience tonight were there in way coaches in Szena Square. HON·. DON RITTER Hungary at that time. Perhaps tonight, in I think of the ultimate betrayal-the be­ your minds' eye, you are returning to that trayal of the Hero of the Uprising, Pal Male­ OF PENNSYLVANIA terrible time, I imagine that each one of you· ter. I can imagine the thoughts in his heart IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES has visions of 1956 that you will carry with as he sat across that conference table at you for the rest of your life that cry out with Soviet military headquarters in the little Thursday, November 15, 1979 meaning. I have heard remarkable individual hamlet of Tokol, on Csepel Island, the night • Mr. RITTER. Mr. Speaker, on Sun­ stories about what happened and certain of November 3. I can imagine the look or day evening, November 4, I had a most ones stick in my mind as somehow touch­ defiance in h'is eyes when, at midnight, the ing what the uprising was all about. doors were smashed open, and Russian pollee extraordinary experience, which I will !For instance: in green caps carrying submachine guns always remember. On that evening, I I think about the people in downtown burst into the room to announce that the was honored to address a celebration at­ Budapest who took flowers !rom a blasted­ negotiations were at an end. I can imagine tended by over 500 persons commemo­ out florist shop and gently placed them on the feelings in Malater's soul as he was led rating the 1956 Hungarian Uprising. the bodies of freedom fighters who had been away, never to be seen again-a Hungarian The event was held in Our Lady of killed in the streets. hero the Russians could never begin to con­ Hungary Church, in Northampton, Pa. I thin1t about the wooden box placed on quer in the open light of day, but could only Hungarian-Americans from all parts of the sidewalk near Andrassy Street in Buda­ silence by treachery, like thieves in the dead pest, bearing a sign that said the box was of night. the Lehigh Valley attended. A great deal for fam111es of those who gave their lives for And, I think of the heroism of Imre Nagy of preparation and very hard work went freedom. The box had been filled with money himself-a man whOBe murder eighteen into the planning of that special even­ by a passerby, even though hardly anybody months after the Revolution was crushed ing, and the result was a moving candle­ had money to spare . . . and that box was became the final and perhaps the greatest light ceremony with Hungarian poetry left completely unguarded in the street, be­ outrage of all in a Revolution that cost the to honor the fallen patriots, a remark­ cause no Hungarian would have even lives of 25,000 other Hungarian patriots. I can able documentary fllm on the Uprising, dreamed of stealing !rom it--not even 1! It picture Nagy standing before the judge in had contained the last money left in the secret police headquarters inFo Street. Nagy, a magnificent dinner of Hungarian food world. a former college professor with his flowing served by folk-costumed waitresses, and I think of the communist-controlled radio gray moustaches who had refused to be bul­ a Hungarian orchestra and singing, and ln the early days of the revolution, before lied or broken. Nagy-knowing that he was a an evening of fellowship rich in emotion the freedom fighters took it over, desperately dead man, listening to hls death sentence, and meaning. trying to paint the Uprising as the work of adjusting his pince nez, and replying calmly. Mr. Speaker, I would like my col­ "Fascists" and "counter-revolutionaries," "If my life 1s needed, I gladly make the leagues to know that this commemora­ while the people ignored those communist sacrifice." tion of those Hungarian patriots who lies because they could see the truth with There are so many other images of the Up­ risked all for freedom shows clearly that their own eyes. rising, and all those who were there or who I think of the young children and their have loved ones who were there, have their the cause of freedom behind the Iron mothers crying out in agony and falling un­ own stories and memories. But I think the Curtain will never die . .As long as there der the hail of machine gun fire that came image that sums up best the emotion of the are men and women such as those ci ti­ !rom rooftops and !rom Russian tanks in Uprising was described by an English corre­ zens of the Lehigh Valley who joined in Parliament Square on that horrible morning spondent who was in Budapest at the time. honoring the 1956 Uprising--as long as of Thursday, October 25-the bloody morning On Sunday, October 28, it was evening in the any American with ties to a homeland when so many innocents were butchered­ lobby of the Duna Hotel. Suddenly, a group that is not free shows pride in his or her their numbers remain unknown to this day­ of revolqtlonaries. burst into the lobby carry­ ethnic heritage-there will be hope for when hundreds of bleeding bodies covered ing a huge red green and white Hungarian the Square and turned the stones red with fiag with the center part cut out. One man all captive nations worldwide. Hungarian blood. stood on another's shoulder to nail it on the As a gesture of admiration to those I think of Hungary's offensive, taken by wall behind the reception desk in the hotel. who helped make the November 4 cele­ freedom fighters that included so many teen­ Then one voice, lonely at first, started singing bration a success, I would like to repeat agers and even children, throwing their Molo­ the national anthem. The voice became a the address I delivered on that occasion tov cocktails at the steel goliath T-54 and chorus as all who were there joined in, filling in the Lehigh Valley. T-34 Russian tanks, capturing submachine the hall with the song's majestic melody. The address follows: guns, learning how to fire them on the spot, When the sound died away, a stranger walked and then attacking, escaping through the up to the English correspondent, looked at COMMEMORATION AND CELEBRATION OF THE narrow alleys and passageways, and re-ap­ him with deep emotion and said, "I am glad l:iUNGARIAN REVOLUTION OF 1956 pearing to attack again ... climbing on top you are here, sir. This is the proudest moment First of all, let me thank all of you fur of the hated Russian tanks, opening the in our history." And it was. coming here tonight to honor those who hatches, dropping grenades inside and slam­ You know the horror that followed those took part in the 1956 Hungarian Uprising, ming the hatches closed-avenging the mur­ brief days of freedom, when the Russians especially those patriots who sacrificed their dered women and children of Hungary, finally showed, as if there were ever any lives !or that cause. Let me thank all those avenging the stolen freedom. doubt, what kind of view they really hold on the banquet committee who worked so I think of those desperate appeals for help toward freedom. You know the grim story of hard to make this special night possible. broadcast to the outside world by freedom the treachery, the invasion, and the unspeak­ And, before I say another word, I would fighters over their shortwave radios as the able brutality that followed: tanks blasting hope that we can make this Commemoration Russian tanks and infantry swarmed across houses into rubble . . . Russians opening fire and Celebration of the 1956 Uprising an an­ the borders. I think of Radio Free Rakosi, on innocent people standing in food lines nual event here ~n the Lehigh Valley. which cried out to the world, "In the name . . . and the massacre of the immortal last -As some of you may know, my father was of all that is dear to you, we ask you to defenders of the K111an Barracks-forty born in Hungary. But even if that hadn't help ... or shall we lose faith In the world's ragamu.tnn survivors of the original 2,000, been the case, this saga of heroism would conscience and dignity whlle we are fighting promised amnesty by the Russians, then stm mean much to me personally. Some peo- !or world freedom?" marched out into Ulloi Avenue shivering In November 15, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32825 the cold, hearing the sharp clicks of Russian citizens here have Hungarian backgrounds. ATTITUDES To IRA Kalashnikov machine gun magazines being Just as these citizens wm tell their children We have already seen that despite the pulled back, and finally being gunned down about 1956, so all of us have a responsib111ty strictness or. existing policies, 63 per cent of there in the street. to forever remind Americans of that story. people in the Republic agree that "the Irish But somehow, lt is the image of those early Given our own struggle today against the Government should take a tougher line with days, when, for a brief moment, Hungary Soviet Union, that story is a necessary part the IRA". This view is taken by a very simi­ stood free, that excites the heart and the of our own understanding of the world we lar proportion of Northern Ireland Catholics spirit. As one observer said, it was as though live ln. This time, our own childrens' and (62%) and by a staggering 96% of Northern a nation which for centuries had boasted grandchildrens' freedom is at stake. Protestants and should not ·be dismissed as proudly of its patriotism had suddenly Whenever any man or woman stands up a reflex or extreme reaction. It is logically awakened from a nightmare. People long against communist tyranny, no matter how possllble that this figure is made up entirely afraid of the fear of spies among friends impossible the odds, at that very moment, of people who, regardless of how strict or stopped whispering. "The most exciting the free Hungarian nation lives again. No draconian Irish government security pollcy sound I heard that day", said the observer, AVO prison or Soviet tank can ever defeat might be, !WOuld wish it to be tougher. This "was the sound of laughter ... people the human heart or soul. is, however, unlikely and the 96% figure laughing aloud in the streets." Yes, there are still heroes left in the would seem to represent, at least in part, a So now, tonight, we look back through the world. Men and women are not sheep. The failure on the part of the Irish Government years at what happened in 1956. Tonight we heaviest hammer and the sharpest sickle to convince Northern Ireland Protestants of ask ourselves what the Uprising means to us can't change that, and never will. its bona fides in its campaign against the as Americans today in 1979. I believe it means There are still heroes left in the world. IRA. Such a failure of communication or many things, and I would like to conclude b~ There are also hero nations. For the rest persuasion, whatever its cause, is obviously sharing a few of my thoughts about them of time, Hungary will forever remain in the a serious obstacle in the way of attempts at with you. hearts of free men and women everywhere- reconciliation. First, the Uprising showed that illusions a hero nation that will never die.e Closely related to these general security about the motives and intentions of the issues is the matter on extradition. The Soviet Union are as fatal now as they were constitutional difficulties which constrain then. All the words of Soviet propaganda the Irish government in dealing with this could not hide the fact that, at the very question have already been pointed out and time the Soviet Union was lying and pretend- COMPREHENSIVE POLL TAKEN ON it has been suggested that awareness of these lng to respect the rights of the Hungarian ATTITUDES IN IRELAND: PART V difficulties may be reflected in t·he division people to govern themselves, Soviet in!an- of opinion within the Republic in regard try and tanks were massing on the border, to extradition proposals (48% opposed, 46% poised to murder the people of Hungary and HON. MARIO BJAGCJ in favour). Quite clearly, the Irish Govern- to stamp out the spark of freedom. In 1956, oF NEW YORK ment's constitutional . difficulties count for just as today, Moscow could never tolerate little with Northern Ireland Protestants, 98% free elections. And, if the Soviet Union con- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of whom agree with the statement that "The tinues generating lies and propaganda from Thursday, November 15, 1979 Irish Government should agree to extra.di- now until the end of time, it can never, tion, that Is, agree to hand over to the au- ever erase the memories of what It did to e Mr. BIAGGI: Mr. Speaker, I wish to thorities in Northern Ireland or Britain, peo­ the Hungarian nation. We, in the Lehigh insert today the final installment of the pie accused O'f polltically motivated crimes Valley of Pennsylvania and others like us Irish Times publication of a recent there." This view is also taken by a substan­ wlll never allow it. abridged version of the first report of a tla.I majority Olf Northern Ireland Catholics Second, the Hungarian Uprising reminds major study begun by the Economic and (64%). The im.pliCI&tion of. these figures In us that sometimes a cause can be more so far as the Irish Government Is concerned meaningful and shining in defeat than in Social Research Institute in 1976. The is, that given that extradition cannot ibe victory. It is easy to be brave and to chal- study examines attitudes of the nature proceeded with at the present time, whatever Ienge something when the likelihood of sue- of Irish society toward the Northern means are proposed for dealing with the cess Is great, when the danger is little. But, Ireland problem. problem should not only be effective but for a great cause, when the odds are 1m- I have placed this study in segments should be seen to be effective. possible and when the chances of ultimate this past week in the RECORD so that my Attitudes to IRA activities is a clear and success are low, that is when the cause be- colleagues will have the benefit of this unambiguous measure. Given the nature of comes immortal. And, that is when those the attitude in question It is necessary to be who fought the fires of hell with their bare information. It is especially timely due particularly careful and precise In discussing hands and their hearts become the immor- to the fact that the Prime Minister of Its distribution. The majority of people tals. Ireland, Jack Lynch, is in this country (61%) are opposed to IRA activities as we Finally, the Hungarian Uprising reminds for a 10-day state visit. have measured this attitude. us that no amount of indoctrination and no As chairman of the Ad Hoc Congres- !A rurther 19% are neutral. In regard to the amount of military force can ever prevent sional Committee for Irish Affairs, the remainder, 21% support the IRA activities. the people of a nation from seeking freedom. distribution of information regarding the It should be emphasized that we have no In the words of one playwright, Maxwell Irish issue is important if we are to evidence that an attitude of support for Anderson, "No wlld thing was ever shut in IRA activities, as we have measured lt, leads a cage without wishing for freedom. And be able to fully understand all dimen- to any concrete actions, by way of monetary of all wild things in the world, the most un- sions of this question. Although the opin- contributions or whatever, In support of the controllable-the least tamable-is the hu- ions and findings expressed here do not campaign or. the IRA. 'Dhe context in Wihich man mind. No king or dictator has ever necessarily represent those of myself or these figures for attitude to IRA activity tamed it. It cannot rest In capacity." members of the ad hoc committee, it is (61% opposition, 19% neutrality and 2'1% When I return to Washington, I am going curious to note that there are certain support) should lbe interpreted is that these to tell my colleagues what has happened here notions expressed in this study that attitudes are part of. the overall approach tonight. I want the u.s. congress to know would surprise many readers. The most of people in the Republic to the Northern that we here in the Lehigh Valley of Penn- h fi d. . th d t Ireland issue. As such it must be :a.cknowl­ sylvania will never forget the story of Hun- surprising of t ese n mgs IS e a a edged that, on this evidence, opposition to gary 1956. There are about 10,000 Hungarian which shows that 41.8 percent of the IRA activities is not overwhelming and cer­ Americans of the first or second generation respondents were sympathetic with the ta.inly does not match the strong opposition here in the Lehigh Valley, and many other motives of the ffiA. so often articulated by public figures. TABLE 43.-ATTITUDES TO THE IRA-SUPPORT (VERSUS) OPPOSITION TO ACTIVITIES AND SYMPATHY (VERSUS) REJECTION OF MOTIVES

Attitude to activities, Attitude to motives, support versus sympathy versus Attitude to activities, Percentage of opposition Percentage of Attitude to motives, Percentage of rejecttion Percentage of sUpport versus opposition respondents (reduced categories) respondents sympathy versus rejection respondents (reduced categories) respondents 1. Strongly opposed______17.7 1. Strongly rejectionisL ______10.5 2. Moderately opposed______17.8 Opposition ______60.5 2. Moderately rejectionisL ______11.3 Rejection ______33.5 3. Slightly opposed______25.0 3. Slightly rejectlonisL ______11.7 24.6 4_ Neutral______18.7 NeutraL ______-- __ -- __ -- 18.7 4. NeutraL ______24.6 NeutraL ____ ------5. Slightly supportive______12.6 15.2 41.8 6. Moderately supportive______5.3 Support ______20.7 ~: ~~~~t:~t!r;"fya~~e::~etic~======15.8 Sympathy ___ ------7. Strongly supportive______2. 8 7. Stronaly sympathetic ______10.8 TotaL______99.9 TotaL __ __ ------99.9 TotaL _____ ------97.9 TotaL ____ ------99.9 Number t ______---- __ Number~------1, 697 Number~------__ 1, 697 1, 701 Number~------1, 701

1 Variation in N is due to missina cases. 32826 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE November 16, 1979

TABLE 40.-COMPARISON OF PO.LICY PREFERENCES IN THE REPUBLIC OF IRELAND AND NORTHERN IRELAND: EXTRADITION OF PERSONS ACCUSED OF POLITICALLY MOTIVATED CRIMES

Percentaae of respondents in Percentaae of respondents in Northern Ireland the Republic of Proposal and response Ireland Total Protestant Catholic

The Irish Government should aaree to extradition that is, to aareeto hand over to the authorities in Northern Ireland or Britain people accused of politically motivated crimes there : 46.2 86.8 97.8 63.9 47.7 10.8 1.1 30.6 g~i,ir~-~i~~ ~~i~i~~~1~;a::::~:::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::: :::: :: :::::::::: :::: :: :~ :::::::::::::::: 6.1 2.4 1.1 5.5 ------Total. •• ______------100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number------____ -- -- •• ------(1, 758} (21, 277} (825} (402}

1 Deviations from totals of 100 percent are due to rounding errors. t Total consists of 825 Protestants, 402 Catholics and 50 members of other relialons, which are no' included in the breakdown. Support for IRA activities is quite clearly Ireland Protestants would be fundamentally sistently highest on each of the attitudes a much more hardline attitude than sympa­ different In a united Ireland or in the situa­ (anti-partition, support for IRA activities, thy for IRA motives, and, though the two tion of significant moves towards a united sympathy for IRA Motives and anti-North­ may often be positively related they can also Ireland. The assumption underlying this ern Ireland Protestants) whlle Irish Ttme3 run in contrary directions. Evidently some argument is that anti-Northern Ireland rea.ders are consistently lowest. respondents condemn the activities of the Protestant attitudes are a product of the Two qualifications should ibe noted: IRA while sympathising with their aims and existing political situation and if that situa­ though highest on support for IRA activities, motives. Failure to bear this in mind in re­ tion were fundamentally different, i.e., if Irish Press readers are on the opposed side fiecting on the data would involve a serious there were significant moves towards a united of the mid-point of the 8.1ttitude scale and, misinterpretation of the figure of 42 percent Ireland, then attitudes would be different secondly, one cannot conclude that reading sympathy for IRA motives as support or and much more favourable to Northern Ire­ a particular paper causes certain attitudes: sympathy for the IRA as such. However, land Protestants. Running counter to this the influence could just as easily be in the neither can this attitude be explained away optimistic view 1s the argument that an atti­ opposite direction, from possession of a cer­ as an alternative expression of the aspira­ tude of opposition, while it may be a product tain attitude to selection of a particular tion to reunification. The items measuring of preva111ng political structures, is an ob­ newspaper. the attitude encompass agreement with the stacle to significant political overtures to­ Finally, in this area of 'POlitical attention aims (plural) of the IRA and the reference wards Northern Ireland Protestants on the and involvement, wtth one exception, dif­ to patriotic and idealistic characteristics. It part of the Republic or Ireland, thus decreas­ ferences exist on each of the four attitudes Is therefore genuinely an attitude to the IRA ing the prospects of reunification by consent. between Fine Gael Party identifiers, on the and the most satisfactory interpretation of Anti-partitionism, support for IRA Activi­ one hand, and Flanna Fail and Labour Party it is, as we have suggested, attitude to mo­ ties and sympathy for IRA Motives 1s greater identifiers on the other. The consistent tives: sympathy versus rejection. On this among men than among women, among those · pattern of differences is that Fine Gael iden­ evidence a plurality of respondents ( 41 per­ of rural rather than urban background, tifiers are less anti-partitionist, less suppor­ cent) sympathize with the motives of the among older ( 40+) respondents and among tive of IRA methods, less sympathetic to IRA, 25 percent are neutral on this dimension those of lower occupational status and lower IRA motives and less opposed to No11them and a minority (34 percent) reject their level of education. The fourth attitude (atti­ Ireland Protestants. The exception is that motives. To repeat a point made in regard to tude to Northern Ireland Protestants: anti there is no signi-ficant difference ·between attitude to activities, these attitudes should versus Pro) varies only with age and boetween Fine Gael and Labour identifiers on the be seen as an element of people's approach those with third level and less than third fourth variable: attitude to Northern Ire­ to the Northern Ireland problem and as­ level education. land Protestants. It is important to em­ sessed as such. Moreover, sympathy for mo­ TUrning to the area of pol1ti.cal atten­ phasise that these differences are relatively tives may lead to an attitude of support for tion and involvement, one finds that, in small--party supporters are not polarised on activities and, in so far as it does, it presents general, those who are more interested 1n these issues. There is, in fact, an inter...pan;y a problem for political and opinion leaders politics and involved In political discussion consensus, for instance, on anti-partitionlsm concerned to condemn IRA activity and di­ and those who are more attentive to polltical and on opposition to IRA activities. What we minish support for it. communication tend ·to be more anti-parti­ have identified is the existence of differences The preva111ng attitude towards Northern tionist, more supportive of IRA activities, within this consensus. Finally, one shcmld Protestants Is one of opposition. This orien­ more sympa.thetic to IRA motives and more note that one cannot make inferences from tation becomes particularly significant when opposed to No11thern Ireland Protestants. the attitudes of party identifiers or support­ considered in the context of the widespread The main exception to this generalisation ers to the positions of the parties as or­ endorsement of a united Ireland as a solu­ is ·that grel\lter attention to television and ganizations. tion to the problem in Northern Ireland. A ra.dlo current affairs programmes is not as­ (The report was written by E. E. Davis, united Ireland solution involves the forma­ sociated with greater support for IRA ac­ a Research Professor and Hea.d of the De­ tion of a common state or political society tiv~ty. partment of Social Psychology and Sociology in conjunction with Northern Ireland Protes­ In the area of newspaper consumption, at the Economic and Social Research In­ tants. Attitudes towards Northern Ireland it is the particular newspa.per read rather stitute; and Riohard Sinnott, formerly a Protestants are an essential part of the con­ than the frequency of reading that enables Research Fellow at the Economic and Social text within which this common political one to distinguish different degrees of each Research Institute, and now an Assistant community must be built. It is, of course, of the four attitudes. The most notable dif­ Lecturer in the Department of Pollttal at arguable that attitudes towards Northern ference is that Irish Press rea.ders are con- University College, Dublin.) e HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Friday, November 16, 1979

The House met at 10 a.m. Let us pray. THE JOURNAL Dr. Arnold F. Keller, Jr., Church of the We live, almighty God, by Your grace. The SPEAKER. The Chair has ex­ Reformation, Washington, D.C., offered Humbly bringing before You our per­ amined the Journal of the last day's the following prayer: formance and our lives of yesterday, we proceedings and announces to the House The Psalmist speaks for us all: know we are forgiven. Else we could not his approval thereof. In my need I call to You, Lord. Hear stand! Laying before You today's de­ Pursuant to clause 1, rule I, the Jour­ my cry • • • if You kept a record of our mands and decisions, relationships, nal stands approved. sins, who could escape being condemned? hopes and fears, we pray mightily for the But You forgive us • • • I wait eagerly sustaining of Your spirit. Help us to be MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE for the Lord's help, and in His word I true. to our best judgment, faithful to A message from the Senate, by Mr. trust.-Psalms 130: 1-5. Your will. Amen. Sparrow, one of its clerks, announced

0 This symbol represents the time of day during the House Proceedings, e.g., 0 1407 is 2:07 p.m. • This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or inserti ons which are not spoken by the Member on the tloor.