13294 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS OPPOSITION CONTINUES TO THE addressed the issue of the Peripheral CHILDREN IN SOUTH AFRICA PERIPHERAL CANAL Canal perceptively, recognizing the enor­ mous threat which this facility repre­ sents for the entire bay area. This editor­ HON. DON EDWARDS HON. GEORGE MILLER ial echoes the well deserved criticism of OF CALIFORNIA OF CALIFORNIA the canal throughout northern California IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and among responsible planners in other Monday, June 4, 1979 Monday, June 4, 1979 regions of the State. e Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. The editorial follows: Speaker, particularly poignant in the • Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speak­ [From the San Francisco Examiner, er, once again the question of whether or Apr. 20, 1979] 1979 U.N. International Year of the not to construct the Peripheral Canal has Child is the abuse of children by South come before the California Legislature. DEAD CANAL PROJECT STIRS AGAIN Africa. Evidence is abundant that chil­ Some years ago then-Congressman Jerome dren as young as 10 have been placed in As in past years, its proponents-the Waldie, D-Contra Costa County, perhaps the high volume water consumers of south­ most unrelenting foe ever of the Peripheral solitary confinement. Many have been ern California-are willing to make Canal, celebrated a legislative victory against subjected to torture. "good faith" pledges to the residents of that project by exclaiming, "The canal is The following is reprinted from Am­ the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and dead. It will not rise again." nesty International's Matchbox, spring the San Francisco Bay area regarding His jubilation was premature, as he has 1979: the future water quality of that critical had good reason to observe in subsequent "WHEREAS MANKIND OWES THE CHILD THE economic and environmental region of developments. BEST IT HAs To GIVE. • • ." the State. The canal has had a checkered history for (Part 2 of a continuing series in Matchbox 15 years. In 1977 the state Senat e "killed" on the 1979 UN International Year of the But increasingly, residents of northern it again, long after Waldie's "victory." Last Child.) California recognize that the water ap­ August that same scenario was re-enacted. On November 20, 1959, the General As­ petite of the southern special interests At that time, Gov. Brown, whose dear baby sembly of the United Nations unanimously is insatiable. Their spokesman will this project is, commented that it would adopt ed t he Declaration of the Rights of promise anything in order to secure con­ "t ake a little more time" to get the canal the Child. The spirit of the document was struction of the Peripheral Canal, know­ bill through the Legislature. reflected in t he preamble, which said in part, ing full well that any pledges to main­ Well, it is on the move again. The in­ "mankind owes the child the best it has to defatigable Southern California legislative give." tain water quality in the bay and the delegation, always a thirst for more Northern Since its founding in 1961, Amnesty In­ delta can, and in all probability will, be California water, has introduced the canal ternational consistently has received infor­ overridden at the time of the first bill again, proving to no one's surprise that mation on children who are victims of hu­ drought. For that reason, among many project never was dead but sleeping. man rights abuses. Many of the same coun­ others, we would be far wiser to focus But this time the canal emerges with a tries t hat now celebrate the International attention on less costly alternatives and new gimmick attached. Its author, Sen. Year of the Child nonetheless imprison, kid­ improve management of our water sup­ Ruben Ayala, D-Chino, has amended his bill nap, t orture and otherwise persecute some o! plies in California rather than peren­ to merely "authorize" the canal. Thus, shorn t heir children. for the time of its $600 million appropriation, DETENTION OF CHILDREN IN SOUTH AFRICA nially returning to the billion dollar it can be passed by a simple majority vote canal. rather than the two-thirds required of a There is mounting evidence that South money measure. African authorities, in their fight against The project has become so dubious that "communism" and racial unrest (sparked Federal water officials, and many in the But in whatever guise it appears, the canal by the 1976 Soweto disturbance), are detain­ Congress, have dismissed the notion of concept is hazardous to the health of t he ing large numbers of children for long peri­ Federal funding of this white elephant. Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and San ods of time under security laws. Francisco Bay. It would detour immense Nevertheless, State officials and canal The children are held without parental proponents in the legislature continue to volumes of wat er around the Delta and access and often without parental knowledge transport it south for agricultural purposes of their detention. Children as young as 10 press for its authorization. The latest and to fill the swimming pools of Sout hern scheme would provide for State con­ have been placed in solitary confinement for Californians. as long as five months, and many have been struction, with an expectation that the The scheme provides for occasional squirts Federal Government would wheel cen­ subjected to torture. of fresh water to be directed into the Delta. A report by the International Commission tral valley project water through the It is claimed that that would be enough of Jurists, based on information provided by canal for a fee. However, the legislation to flush it clean of salt wat er coming up in the highly reliable South African Institute is so controversial, and the cost of the tidal sweeps from San Francisco Bay, but for Race Relations and the UN Human Rights project so enormous, that the bill's pro­ the sporadic injections obviously would not Commission Ad Hoc Working Group of Ex­ ponents are fearful of spelling out its equal the steady wholesome flow t hat Mother perts on Violations of Human Rights in Nature herself now generates. Moreover, in Southern Africa, states that at least 150 true cost. Moreover, the Interior Depart­ times of water shortage, not even that ment's solicitor, in a letter to me, has al­ children under 16 years were detained under miserly allotment could be depended on. security laws from September 1976 to April ready indicated his belief that CVP use Users of Delta water in farm, factory and 1977 following the Soweto disturbances. of the canal would constitute an unau­ kitchen would suffer from the deterioration According to testimony put before the thorized act under existing statutes, and in quality as would the ecology of San Fran­ UN Ad Hoc Working Group in 1977, "many would therefore require congressional cisco Bay, which just now is beginning to [of the detained children], as young as 10 action. recover from a period of man-made pollution. and 12 , had been held for several months"; The people of California deserves more Thus the issue is of importance not only "dozens of ·children, barely in their teens, serious attention to their long-term to Delta in t erests but to the Bay Area as have been kept in solitary confinement", well. That area needs a spokesman of the and "in one Port Elizabeth trial, one of the water problems than this charade pro­ same dedication as Jerome Waldie, or his accused turned out to be seven years old." vides. There are many legitimate needs in successors in t hat regard, Assemblyman Dan A South African lawyer who had testified the Central Valley and in southern Cali­ Boatwright and Congressman George Mlller, recently to the Ad Hoc Working Group re­ fornia, and we should be spending our on the scene in Contra Costa. cently handled cases involving 91 children time on meeting those needs, without Assembly Speaker Leo McCarthy of San under 16 years old, including children 10, 12 planning projects and stimulating poli­ Francisco could fill the role brilliantly, but and 13 years, some of whom "had spent five cies which will lead to the desecration of last year, on the bill's defeat, he remarked months in solitary confinement." Most of that he would start "building a case for the these 91 children were subsequently ac­ one area of the State on behalf of an­ bill next year." He would receive greater ac­ quitted after spending up to five months in other. claim among his constituents were he to detent ion and many were used as State wit­ The San Francisco Examiner recently start building a case against it.e nesses against other children.

• This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor. June 4, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13295 According to provisions of security laws, he states in regard to H.R. 3604 that What can be done? Obviously, the first an­ only the authorities are permitted, access to "Surely, it's at least one answer to be swer is t o boost ot her sources of supply. detainees. Consequently, parents of detained considered" as a means for curbing That includes not only coal and all alterna­ chlldren often plead in vain for information OPEC's power. tives to oil, but something better than the on their child's whereabouts and on whether ham-handed approaches that have been the child is even alive. The article follows: made to Mexico to a.cq uire a. share of its oil South African press reports in 1976 and CuRBING OPEC's PowER and gas. 1977 detail the cases of one father of a stu­ OPEC has now raised oil prices 28 percent Second, conservation has to be directed by dent, PhUip Moloto, who was stlll trying dur­ since the beginning of this year-and the government order, not left to voluntary com­ ing 1978--over one year after his son's ar­ cartel isn't finished with its plans for stick­ pliance. That means, among other things, rest-to trace the boy's whereabouts, a ing it to the consuming nations, rich and getting Congress off its duff to vote for ra­ mother who had tried to find her 15- and 13- poor. We'll soon look back on $1-a-gallon tioning authority. year-old daughters, "who disappeared on a gas as cheap. Third, any number of ideas for ct~rbing Sunday afternoon in November [1976]; and The grim fact that OPEC has become the OPEC's power, rated as impractical, strange another father trying in vain to locate his main engine of world wide infia tion has now or nutty by the establishment need to be daughter, 11, and niece, 8, who had been been recognized in a. series of statements by examined carefully. For example, a number picked up by a police van in late 1976. senior administration otncials. of congressmen have introduced H.R. 3604, The use of torture and maltreatment by The new burst of rhetoric began with testi­ which would estabilsh a. federal nonprofit the security police against those in incom­ mony on Capitol Hill by 'l·re.. sury Secretary corporation as the sole importing agent for municado detention is well documented by W. Michael Blumenthal and Under Secretary oil. Economist John Kenneth Galbraith says: AI in its 1978 Report on Political Imprison­ of State Richard Cooper, who said that "The creation of this bargaining instrument ments in South Africa, and in its April 1979 worldwide infia.tion had reached "a. danger­ is the completely logical, completely plau­ Update. The Ad Hoc Working Group of Ex­ ous point" as a. result of the oil price in­ sible answer . . . to the bargaining power of perts of the UN Commission of Human Rights creases. the other side." Surely, it's at least one an­ concluded in a. report on January 1968 that For the past four months, inflation here swer to be considered. "it is quite clear that torture is used in al­ has been rising at an annual rate o! 14 per­ For too long, officials like Emile Van Len­ most every police station in South Africa." cent. Hopes that inflation might recede later nep, head of the industrial nations grouped Children are not treated differently. this year have been dashed by the steady up­ in the OECD, have been saying, as he did on Six students o! Morris Isaacson High ward ra.tcheting of oil prices. May 21 , that "nothing . .. can be done" School in Soweto were arrested, interrogated The U.S. oil import b1ll, last year $42 about the OPEC price increases theinselves. and tortured in October 1976. The students billion, is expected to run $52 billion to $55 Lennep accepts everything OPEC has done, described being beaten on the !ace, being billion in 1979. Unchecked, we are heading and limits himself to recommending offset­ beaten on the body with a sjambok (hide to the incredible oil import level o! $100 bil­ ting policies persuading wage-earners to "ac­ whip), being made to strip and having a. wet lion in the mid-1980s. What happens to the cept the cut in real incomes resulting from sack placed over the head, being "strangled," dollar in such a. situation? the rise in oil prices." having lights flashed at them, being given It was left to presidential aide Stuart E. It is time to put an end to this defeatist electric shocks, and being forced to sit on Eizenstat to bring the new worry into sharp­ attitude. Two days after the OPEC summit an imaginary chair !or two hours. Several est focus. The mild economic slowdown de­ meeting in Geneva., there will be an economic boys had scars and one boy lost his hearing sired by the Carter administration to curb summit in Tokyo among the seven major in one ear as a result o! the assaults. inflation "would turn into a recession," world powers. If this is to be more than a Finally, a. 10-year-old boy was arrested Eizenstat told a TV audience, if OPEC raises charade, the issue of how to deal directly on November 1, 1976, and held in Madder B prices further. with OPEC-an issue politely burled at prison untll December 9, when he was re­ "They are going to badly damage the world earlier summits-needs to be explored on a leased on bail. His mother claimed in an am­ economy," Eizenstat said. And he pointed forthright basis. There is no more pressing davit that the child had been assaulted by out that among those injured would be the problem !or the heads o! state.e police at the time of his arrest and that when poor nations "with whom they [OPEC] pro­ she visited him in prison his !ace was so fess to have a great deal of sympathy." bruised that he could not eat. Major General The administration comes a. little late to a. Kriel, Deputy Commissioner o! Police in public acknowledgment of the oil cartel's charge of riot control, had said earlier that power. For so long, officials argued, the best CONSTITUENT SPEAKS OUT bail had been opposed on the ground that the policy was to turn the other cheek, and de­ child was to be charged with sabotage. pend on OPEC's need to buy goods and serv­ HON. NORMAN Y. MINETA In the conclusion o! its reports, the Inter­ ices from the West, while reinvesting the national Commission of Jurists added its cartel's surplus funds. "Recycling" was the OF CALIFORNIA voice to the numerous international human magic watchword. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES rights organizations, including Amnesty In­ But it is now estimated that after all in­ ternational, that call with the utmost ur­ vestments, purchases and extravagances o! Monday, June 4, 1979 gency for an independent commission to ex­ Arab royalty, OPEC surpluses will be $30 e Mr. MINETA. Mr. Speaker, a constitu­ amine an aspects of detention without trial billion or more in this calendar year. That's ent of mine wrote me the following let­ in South Africa.e about the same level as the aggregate bal­ ter, which I think is very representative ance of payment deficits o! the debt-bur­ dened poor nations. of the frustration and bitterness many A sense o! desperation runs through the citizens are experiencing as a result of the current gasoline shortages in my CURBING OPEC'S POWER Blumenthal-Cooper-Eizenstat statements. They propose no moves the United States State of California and elsewhere. I should take to retaliate against OPEC, alone would like to draw the attention of my HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL or in concert with others. colleagues in the House of Representa­ Yet, they see clearly the handwriting on OF NEW YORK tives to this letter as an example of the the wall in terins of future OPEC pricing level of exasperation of the American IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES policy. The cartel managers learned a great public over the energy situation. Monday, June 4, 1979 lesson !rom the Iranian revolution: Less means more. DEAR MR. MINETA: Although I address this e Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, to­ letter to you, it is a. letter to the Congress of "Everybody always said that the cartel the United States of America. It is a. letter gether With JOHN CONYERS and CHARLES could make more money by keeping it in the written to address the gasoline problem that RosE, I introduced H.R. 3604 which ground. But they never really did it until has been foremost in the news in the Santa would establish a Federal nonprofit the Iranians men showed that it was prac­ Clara. Valley and the Bay Area.. Long lines at corporation as the sole U.S. importing tical. The Iranians discovered they could gas stations in this area. and in only select agent for petroleum and petroleum make as much money from 4 million barrels areas of the United States are, without a products. I believe the creation of such a day as !rom 6 milllon. Now, the rest o! them, doubt, another rape o! the people of this an entity is a necessity in meeting the including our friends the Saudis, are follow­ nation. monopoly pricing activities of the Or­ ing suit," one official says. Why is it that all across most o! this na­ ganization of Petroleum Exporting Com­ Meanwhile, the cartel's success in creating tion, there are no gasoline lines, stations panies (OPEC>. I urge my colleagues to a shortage of supply has panicked buyers have ample gas, and most of the people can into bidding for "oil at any price." It is au­ still manage to get to their jobs. It is obvious cosponsor this measure. In this connec­ thoritatively reported that Ecuador sold 600,- that to create a gasoline shortage in areas tion I bring to my colleagues' attention 000 barrels last week !or an incredible $36 where people depend upon gasoline is one the excellent column written by Hobart a. barrel, more than double the current offi­ way, and the best way, to drive the price up. Rowen which appeared in the Washing­ cial price. With spot prices going through I caution you and all elected politicians, ton Post Thursday, May 31, 1979, en­ the roo!, OPEC will boost the official price to take a soul-searching look at what you titled "Curbing OPEC's Power" in which again in Geneva on June 26. may be creating, by allowing the petroleum 13296 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4·, 1979 monopoly to rape and pillage the tax-paying feat the bill. I recommend that this ar­ The plan compares with a current system public. ticle be read by anyone who is concerned that limits contributions from individuals If, by making it impossible to earn a living, t-o .$~,000 a candidate and to $5,000 from provide for your family, and once a year take about the state of our Nation's Govern­ ment, for its quality is determined by PolltiCal Action Committees, or PACs, with­ a small vacation, by using an automobile out spending limits. Under this system, 371 and possibly losing a home that we have how it is elected. of 383 incumbents were reelected in Novem­ worked all our life for, then the system we THE MYTH OF INCUMBENT PROTECTION ber 1976. In 1978, 368 of the 381 general elec­ have is no longer worth working for. (By Albert R. Hunt) tion incumbents won. Think of this, if I cannot have a home and I have nothing, t hen there is nothing to lose WASHINGTON.-Public financing of con­ Talk about an incumbents protection act! if the people should choose to openly revolt gressional elections "is essentially and ir­ I~ the past two House elections, the reelec­ revocably an incumbent protection device." tlOn rate under the current system was 96 against the system of big government. percent. High taxes, open corruption of Federal That is the bold warning emblazoned on Government, is the normal t hing of today. a. "fact sheet" prepared by Rep. Blll Frenzel, Certainly, nonmonetary factors affected What can elected politicians expect, other a. Minnesota Republican and one of Con­ the outcomes of these elections, but the than possible armed rebellion, if this condi­ gress's most serious students of campaign spending statistics bolster the contention tion continues to exist. financing. Mr. Frenzel is assalllng a blll that that the current financing system favors in­ The present administration has shown no would extend partial public financing to cumbents. In 1978, on top of all their other will to solve problems, only increase the bur­ House general elections, a blll symbolically advantages, incumbents outspent challeng­ den upon the taxpayer as a solution. It is labeled H.R. 1. He charges: "The spending ers by better than a 3-to-2 margin, according obvious that our so-called elected repre­ limits that invariably accom~any public fi­ to the Federal Elections Commission. sentatives sleep with, and enjoy the favors of, nancing can only aid incumbents, since chal­ Some Republicans hope the proliferating all the powerful lobbying groups. lengers need to spend more to win." corporate PACs will come to their rescue, but Three years ago I talked to you in person, It is a powerful argument. Any measure they may have a long wait. Despite a late in San Martin, and told you then that the that adds to incumbents• existing advan­ rush of corporate PAC money to Republican taxpayer was tired of being taken advantage tages--expense allowances, constituent serv­ challengers last fall, spurred by strong Re­ of. Result: Prop. 13!!! ices, free malllngs and other perquisites-is publican-leadership complaints and critical I do not consider myself as one who nas unhealthy. That would seem especially true news accounts, incumbent Democrats came not contributed to this country. I've had my for the Republican Party, which for 25 years out well ahead. Overall, according to the feet frozen three times and am holder of the has been a minority in the House where it FEC, corporate PACs gave more than $2.12 Purple Heart; but today I truly believe that currently is outnumbered 276 to 159. Most of million to Democratic incumbents, more all of us servicemen were lied to and taken the GOP leadership has lined up against the than twice the $986,000 given to GOP advantage of by our politicians. campaign-financing blll. challengers. This problem of no gasoline, long lines at Yet two of the chief sponsors of this so­ When labor and other PACs are considered, the pumps, and holding pay increases to called "Incumbents Protection Act" are the figures are even more lopsided. In all, 7 percent, while the oil companies reap prominent House Republican leaders. Bar­ House Democratic incumbents received 40- 50 percent profit, is a blatant insult to ber Conable of New York and John Ander­ $10.43 million from PACs last fall, or almost the American public. son of Illinois. Nobody would suggest they three-and-a-half times the $3.04 million re­ Remember, if there is no hope, no future are eager to relegate their party to guaran­ ceived by GOP challengers. (Even the aflluent for the average U.S. taxpayer, there just may teed minority status. They and some of their Republican Party coffers failed to make up be no nation for anyone. supporters strongly argue that public financ­ this disparity.) Yours truly, ing would aid challengers more than it would The explanation is simple. "It's a lot easier LESLIE C. BARNETT, protect incumbents. to invest in a known than an unknown en­ San Martin, Calif. Moreover, under public financing "the tity," explains one corporate PAC manager. P.S.: Please take note, this nation means a maior beneficiaries ... would be Republi­ "That counts for a lot more than party lot to me, to my children; but 1! I am to lose cans," asserts Stephen Hess, a political scien­ labels." everything, and my children are never to tist and a longtime Republican braintruster. Republicans don't disagree. But they con­ have anything, then why should we con­ The reason: "The present system of private tend the public financing proposal, with its tribute anything to a system that only takes funding favors incumbents; and since most spending ce111ng, would undermine the one from us. House incumbents are Democrats, ergo most real shot challengers have to overcome in­ I would very much like to have this letter challengers wlll be Republicans and wlll be c~mbents-mounting an unusually expen­ read to Congress; but I know there is no advantaged by H.R. 1 over the existing sive campaign. "Historically, successful chal­ chance of that, because Congress doesn't system." lengers have usually been 'high spenders,'" care about what the average voter has to That's one reason many veteran Demo­ asserts Republican national party chairman say.e cratic House incumbents oppose the blll, Bill Brock. despite its support by the Democratic leader­ The Republican House campaign commit­ ship. tee calculates that in 1978 the 19 successful THE MYTH OF INCUMBENT There are perhaps most significant con­ challengers-14 were Republicans-spent an PROTECTION siderations in examining public financing of average of slightly more than $200,000 in the House elections, such as the effects on the general and primary elections, while defeated political system and whether enforcement incumbents in those races spent an average HON. GEORGE MILLER would create another bureaucratic montros­ of $173,000. The conclusion: Only six or seven ity. But the question of the impact on chal­ of those challengers would have won if H.R. 1 OF CALIFORNIA would have been law in 1978. l:N THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lengers vis-a-vis incumbents is the dominant political issue. That conclusion, however, is questionable. Monday, June 4, 1979 First, the public financing blll would only PLENTY OF AMMUNITION affect general election spending; so primary • Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speak­ A careful combing of the spending statis­ outlays have to be knocked out in any com­ er, one of the perennial issues before the tics for the last two House elections suggests parisons. Second, an analysis of those 1978 Congress is the proposal for public fi­ that there is plenty of ammunition for the elections shows that, after adjusting for in­ nancing of congressional elections. Every flation, only eight of the 19 successful chal­ argument that public financing would help lengers spent more than the proposed Umit year we have long hearings, bitter de­ challengers and make more races competitive. in the general election and most of those bates, and then the bill is defeated. One One reason is that incumbents generally are were only a relatively small amount over. of the longstanding arguments against able to outspend their opponents and the Further, two or those outsiders--Republi­ public financing is that it is an "incum­ proposed plan would tend to equalize cans Ron Paul of Texas and Daniel Lungren spending. bent protection act,, designed to keep of California-were outspent by Democratic Under H.R. 1, the federal government incumbents by almost $100,000 apiece. So a the majority party in power. Anyone ex­ would provide up to $60,000 to a House can­ amining the list of Republican cospon­ spending ce1ling might have aided them. didate by matching private individual con­ In many other instances, it's easy to see sors of the bill, H .R. 1, would dismiss this tributions o! $100 or less. Anyone taking how some losing 1978 challengers could have statement. Further proof comes from an publlc money would have to abide by a fared better under the proposed public fi­ article in the Wall Street Journal which spending limit of about $210,000 in 1980. nancing plan. Ironically, one of these is Re­ concludes that public financing would The legislation covers only House general publican Duane Alton in Washington State, actually encourage challengers, and in­ elections; the Senate has thwarted congres­ who lost by only 8,000 votes to Rep. Thomas crease competitiveness for congressional sional publlc financing plans in recent years. Foley, one of the authors of H.R. 1. In the seats. I support the idea of limited pub­ To quallfy for any public money, a candi­ general election, incumbent Foley spent date would have to privately raise $10,000 in $243,000, more than double Mr. Alton's out­ lic financing of House elections, and the small contributions. Also, any candidate lays. Under the public financing proposal, Journal article certainly dispels some could refuse public funds and spend un­ both candidates would have received and of the myths opponents have used to de- limited amounts. spent close to the maximum permissible, June 4, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13297 eliminating most of Rep. Foley's financial Each of us present tonight knows Fred mann, Bonnie Newsome, Carrie Olsen, atlvantage and, just possibly, his 8,000-vote Weathers in his or her own way. Of course and Linda Laake. margin. and perhaps the whole story of his life will CURTAILING FREE RIDES never be told in concert by all of us. But if It is my pnvilege to bring this accom­ Perhaps more significantly, consider the anyone knows the whole story, it would have plishment to the attention of my col­ number of noncompetitive House races last to be a person who lived and breathed and leagues. I also suggest that they keep November. In 68 House elections, there was experienced the totality of that story. Such their eyes open. These young women may only one major party contestant, benefiting a person we pay tribute to tonight. be representing our country before too 49 incumbent Democrats and only 19 Repub­ Frederick N. Weathers has held center­ long.e licans. Backers of public financing assert the stage in this community for 40 odd years. The lure of federal matching money would curtail spotlight never left him. Doris Weathers, the these free rides by attracting more other half of the team never sought the lime­ NUCLEAR WASTE WORK MOVES challengers. light, but because of her understanding, her AHEAD The other side of that coin is that only 69 generosity, her charity, made it possible for of the 435 races last November were decided Fred to be a harbor light in a community by 10 percentage points or less. Advocates of beset by storms and raging waters. HON. GEORGE MILLER public financing argue that such aid would Doris Weathers has shared the great memo­ OF CALIFORNIA help them turn at least some of the many ries in the life of the man we honor tonight. one-sided elections into closer contests by The joys, the pleasures, the satisfactions are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES helping long-shot aspirants, who usually are all hers. But no life is totally void of pain, Monday, June 4, 1979 hindered by an ability to raise money. suffering, struggle and setbacks. And surely Even when a challenger spots a vulner­ during those times, Doris was there to com­ e Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speak­ able incumbent and starts raising big money, fort, to encourage, to inspire, to advise. In a er, as a member of the House Interior such action usually prods the incumbent into sense, Doris Weathers made it possible for and Insular Committee, and a past mem­ a spending race that maintains the odds even this community to benefit from the talents ber of its Subcommittee on Energy and though the incumbent may be outspent. For of Fred Weathers. the Environment, I have spent much of instance, in 1976, Colorado GOP challenger Doris, we in the community know you and my time in Congress examining the Fed­ Ed Scott spent $147,719 and came within a know your contributions, we know you whisker of defeating incumbent Tim Wirth. eral Government's work in the nuclear through the media of art. Constantly song­ waste area. I think anyone who has Sensing victory, in 1978 candidate Scott writers are dedicating their artistic abilities pulled out all the money stops and spent an to portray your life in music. Even if Fred's looked closely at this issue have been astounding $425,663. In turn, Rep. Wirth life had not been filled with so many mile­ frustrated by the lack of serious atten­ more than doubled his 1976 outlays to $384,- stones, he would not have to look back tion to this monumental problem. While 194. The Democratic Congressman widened anxiously for something to justify the time there has been plenty of discussion and his margin to 11,000 votes from 2,400. spent. He had a woman with both dignity wringing of hands about what to do with Whatever the other arguments for and and depth; charm and charisma; devotion this potentially hazardous material, I against public financing of congressional and dedication, sincerity and strength. He have found little action in the past years elections, all of this casts serious doubt on had a woman all those glorious years who directed toward an actual solution. House GOP chief Guy Vander Jagt's claim possessed a special dimension and told her that public financing "preserves and pro­ own story with a message and a viewpoint. Therefore, I am pleased to insert into the tects the incumbent in perpetuity." That story is entitled beauty and even the RECORD a recent article in the Valley Apart from all the dry data, there is an greats have not been able to define beauty, so Pioneer, a paper in my district, which even more convincing argument-if public I won't attempt. What I will do is to use the discusses a firm that is working on de­ financing were an incumbents protection act, music of some of the greats to describe what sign plans for the first low-level nuclear it would have been enacted by the incum­ they thought of you, Doris Weathers. Dinah waste depository. This is positive action bents years ago.Q Washington said in song-"What a differ­ toward solving this difficult problem, ence a Doris made;" the temptations said, and I am proud that a company in "She's my girl;" Mahalia Jackson said, "Fred's got the whole world in his hands;" Duke Contra Costa County is a major par­ FRED WEATHERS TRIBUTE Ellington called you the sophisticated lady­ ticipant in the solution. but perhaps your greatest tribute was paid EXCLUSIVE REPORT-MBA SCIENTISTS COULD by the Commodores when they said, Doris SOLVE NUCLEAR WASTE ISSUE HON. LOUIS STOKES Weathers, "You are once, twice, three times (By Mark Compton) OF OHIO a lady." e One of the most important questions re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES volving around nuclear energy will be probed in the months to come by a small technical Monday, June 4, 1979 FINNEYTOWN HIGH SCHOOL GIRL'S research firm in San Ramon. The answers · • Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, recently, SWIM TEAM found in the query might well influence the an event was held in the St. Louis com­ future of the entire industry. MBAssociates, a small research and de­ munity to pay tribute to an outstanding velopment company tucked away at the St. Louisan, the Honorable Frederick N. HON. THOMAS A. LUKEN northernmost end of Bollinger Canyon, has Weathers, for nearly 50 years of distin­ OF OHIO been working since March on design plans guished civic, business, civil rights, and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for the first major nuclear waste disposal plant to be built in the United States. political leadership to his community. Monday, June 4, 1979 One of our colleagues from St. Louis, Nuclear waste has troubled scientists and BILL CLAY, had the privilege of hosting • Mr. LUKEN. Mr. Speaker, I would like citizens alike since the first large-scale com­ the tribute to honor Mr. Weathers for to extend my heartiest congratulations mercial use of fission arose. Without any per­ to the Ohio State Champion Finneytown ma!lent means of storing or destroying waste, his dedicated, courageous, and tireless fears have arisen within and without the nu­ service to the St. Louis community. I High School Girl's Swim Team of Cin­ clear . industry that radioactive traps are would like to take this opportunity to cinnati. being created at nuclear waste disposal sites. share with all of my colleagues the text The Finneytown team broke three na­ Recognizing this, the federal government of Congressman CLAY's toast to Mr. tional and four State records enroute recently appropriated $500 mlllion to build Frederick N. Weathers in honor of this to their title. Of special significance is a large-scale waste disposal plant in Idaho occasion: the performance of Kim Carlisle, who Falls, Idaho. MBA's role in the project is to develop an automated system that will allow REMARKS OF CONGRESSMAN WILLIAM L. CLAY broke two of her own State records, and the proposed plant to run without any peo­ If you read the program, you know that at two national records as well. The 200 ple present. The absence of people should not this point, I am to present a special tribute. yard medley relay team of Kerry Alex­ only increase the plant's efficiency but mini­ According to Webster's International Dic­ ander, Kim Carlisle, Shelley Carlisle and mize, if not eliminate, the risk of human tionary, "special" is defined as possessing a Marjorie Hill also broke a national exposure. quality, character or identity out of the record. The Twin Falls installation, which 1! ap­ ordinary or conspicuously unusual. My priv­ I would like to commend Coach Ginger proved should be in operation by 1986, will ilege, therefore is special, inasmuch as the work only with low level waste. That work honor bas been bestowed upon me to present Hemsworth and the entire team: Kim could well influence future disposal of high a tribute to a person who truly possesses Carlisle, Paula Photos, Kerry Alexander, level waste, such as spent nuclear fuel rods. quality, character and identity unique in Marjorie Hill, Janice Owsiany, Shelley The technology essential to the envisioned any society. Carlisle, Cathy Gallagher, Debbie Wid- waste disposal plant is already workable. A 13298 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1979 process called "slagging pyrolysis" has been tory. By the time the disposal plant is built, True, solar energy will not yield the hun­ used for some time by at least eight cities that total figures to be 2.5 m1111on cubic dreds of megawatts of electricity that a nu­ around the world for condensing urban feet--and that's just the waste of a single clear power plant or oil !ired plant might waste. Three American nuclear facilities have nuclear installation. produce. True, low-head hydro will not already showed that the process can be ap­ The advantage of reducing such a. sta-g­ spawn the industrial expansion and tract plied to low level nuclear wast e on a small gering pile of garbage by two-thirds is clear. housing of the all-electric days gone by. Yet, scale. Applications !or waste with higher levels o! the centralization o! both our energy pro­ The challenge incumbent in the Idaho radiation remain to be seen however, since duction and its sources is at the heart of our project is to make the process workable on high level waste cannot be condensed too energy problem today. In effect, we have put a grand scale. much without running the risk o! starting all our energy eggs into the OPEC bucket and Slagglng pyrolysis, a process used to turn a nuclear reaction in stomge.e the once-cheap and abundant goodies will solid waste into hard rock form, is a rather soon be beyond the reach o! the bulk of our simple method of consolidating waste, even constituencies. So, the exploitation of alter­ on a major scale. In the process, refuse native energy sources to supplant even tha.t is melted, cooled and hardened in brick ALTERNATIVES TO ENERGY DE­ ambitious one-quarter is at once a funda­ molds. PENDENCE: ENERGY IMPERATIVES mental technical challenge and a polltical The Twin Falls plant should boast an opportunity. For our ab111ty as a democratic eight-foot diameter shaft that wlll carry society to make complex technical choices, to waste down its 50-foot length to a furnace HON. STEWART B. McKINNEY deliver this nation !rom essential servitude where 2800 degrees (Fahrenheit) worth of OF CONNECTICUT to energy independence, to decentralize en­ heat will melt the refuse into molten soup. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ergy where possible and restore individual The melted materials wlll then sink to the power will determine for generations the via­ bottom o! the furnace to be dripped out o! a Monday, June 4, 1979 b111ty o! democracies throughout the world. nozzle at the bottom into brick molds and e Mr. McKINNEY. Mr. Speaker, re­ The Energy Congress has produced the hardened. first regional energy plan in the nation, ad­ The briclcs, when cool, will appear as large cently I had the privilege to address the dressing our unique problems and applymg glass castings, featuring a consistency not caucu~ of New England State legislators our unique strengths to their solution. In a unlike that o! basalt. More importantly, the on the occasion of their alternative en­ sense, such a regional plan is the price of bricks will secure the low level waste in a ergy conference. At that time, I stre~sed New England's admission to the national permanently benign state. the precarious position of the Uruted energy struggle for we are perceived by the Lynn Foote, manager o! development en­ States in the world energy marketplace. rest of the nation as the "gimme" states, the gineering at MBA, assures that the bricks Recent events have only served to under­ energy stepchild at the end o! the national will stab111ze the waste both chemically and score that warning, with New England distribution network. We need a cumbersome physically. "It will stab111ze the waste such in a particularly vulnerable situation. entitlements program to protect us !rom the that anything prone to be airborne will be fact that we have no refinery; but we must secured," he claims. Leaching, too, should be However, more than a year ago the New beg on the world marketplace for finished pe­ halted. England Congressional Caucus began a troleum products. We need higher rebates Slagglng moreover should reduce the vol­ process unique to any region of this Na­ and crisis intervention funding due to the ume o! the waste by two-thirds-making tion-the formulation of a regional en­ concentration of the poor in our cities. But, permanent storage all the more convenient. ergy agenda. That final report will be a Texan might rightfully ask, what has New There is nothing speculative about the released soon and in anticipation of that England done to put its own energy house in benefits o! slagging. Already under way at announcement, I submit the following order? The bumper sticker "Drive Fast and nuclear fac111ties at Savannah River; Los for my colleagues' consideration: Freeze a Yankee" speaks volumes about New Alamos, New Mexico; and Hanford, Wash­ England's role in national energy policy to ington, the process reduces as much as 200 ALTERNATIVES TO ENERGY DEPENDENCE date. The New England Energy Congress re­ pounds o! waste per hour at each o! the Ladles and Gentlemen : The New Engla.nd port changes all that. At last we have a feasi­ three installations. Energy Congress, convened by the New Eng­ ble, politically supportable plan of action to Those figures, while pleasing, are far !rom land Congressional caucus' Energy Task tighten our belts and apply our impressive the standards the DOE seeks. The proposed Force of which I am co-chairman, will soon list o! educational and technical resources to plant at the Idaho National Engineering release its final report. The product of al­ bring alternative energies to the rest o! the Laboratory is projected to melt down two most 13,000 man-hours volunteered by engi­ nation. t ons of waste per hour- a t en-fold increase. neers, bankers, consumers, environmental­ In particular, the final Energy Congress The difference rests on automation. That's ists, and many more, that report outlines an sets out a flexible energy mix o! oil, coal, nu­ where MBA comes in. amtitious agenda for our region's energy clear and alternatives which assumes supply Since it was founded 19 years ago on an future-a future which will see alternatives avallab111ty and a 1.5% energy growth rate abandoned Nlke missile base in the Las to fossil fuels supply one quarter of our over the next twenty years. In that energy Trampas hills, MBA has produced state-of­ energy needs by the year 2000. Yet even mix, alternatives such as low-head hydro­ the-art technological advancements much this optimistic scenario (and have no doubt electric power, solar water and space heating, like the ones called !or by the DOE in the that it is a hopeful assessment of our en­ wood burning !or electric and thermal uses, Idaho project. ergy dilemma) leaves us as dependent on solid waste fuel, coal, wind power, tides, and Tete-operated devices that allow techni­ oil at the turn of the century as the rest fusion power will replace 510,000 barrels !rom cians to operate mach ines that perform hu­ of the nation is today. That is, it will take the 2.07 mllllon barrels per day o! oil equiva­ man-like functions have become something all of the region's substantial political and lent energy demand in the year 2000. That's o! an MBA specialty. Such devices are per­ technical talent to cut our current 80 per­ hal! a mllllon barrels of oil each day that we fectly suited to the needs o! the nuclear cent oil addiction in half over the next would not import, not refine, and not pay for industry. twenty-one years. Therefore, I think it is by transferring more battered dollars to The danger of contamination often vital t h at you, the state leaders who are on OPEC. But in reaching or surpassing that proscribes humans from taking on tasks in the front line in this as yet undeclared war, goal, each "energy imperative" exacts a po­ nuclear installations. For just such occa­ set as your goal the uninhibited development litical price which we have not yet been sions, remote-controlled machines that can of alternative energy applications in this function as a man are indispensable. region. willing to remit. One such machine was flown to Three Any serious discussion of New England's THE CONSERVATION IMPERATIVE: DISCIPLINE Mile Island, Pennsylvania, just after the alternative energy potential must begin with Conservation-the more prudent use of accident in late March. It's stlll on standby an understanding of just what these so­ existing supply and distribution resources­ there. called exotic technologies are an alternative is the single most valuable alternative energy Machines and systems based on the same to. In the past, I think that understanding tcol at our disposal because it alone buys remote control technology could run the has been somewhat clouded by a public per­ what no amoulllt of Federal or State funding nuclear disposal plant at Twin Falls. The ception that alternative energy was part­ can purchase: TIME. Every OPEC price in­ goal is to keep people out o! t he plant and and-parcel of the post-60's alternative life­ crease brings the cross-over point at which away !rom possible contamination for at least style movement characterized by communes synthetics and other alternatives become 200 straight days. and carrot juice. Fostered by industry cost-competitive months and years closer. "Maintenance, repairs and emergency scepticism and government ambivalence, the We are not ready. It is only through the con­ operations will have to be planned in ," ex­ public came to believe that alternative en­ certed efforts of StBite leaders, like you, and plained Foote. "We have t o be able to assure ergy technologies did not offer a serious an­ local officials that a pervasive public aware­ long-term reliabillty." swer t o our mega-energy problezns. However, ness of the conservation potential can be in­ as it daily becomes more obvious that the Plenty o! work awaits the completion o! grained in a populace unfortunately nur­ the plant. There are already 1.3 mlllion cubic stat us quo of oil dependence will produce tured on waste. Industry has had to conserve feet of low level wast e-rags, clothing, lab economic devastation and political anarchy in order to remain competitive. But the indi­ instruments, machinery, dirt--accumulated in this region, our so-called alternatives be­ vidual still needs to be convinced that con­ at the Idaho National Engineering Labora- come energy imperatives. servation 1s not the distasteful penalty for June 4, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13299

a profligate past but the key to the restora­ But the program must be undertaken. Once oil. The concept is not new. It is a tion of individual self-determination in en­ National Energy Act tax credits are extended recognized need. Under the ergy policy and use. Conservation, and most to wood burning stoves and furnaces, a bill Energy of the other alternative energy strategies we now under consideration by Congress, con­ Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 will discu!s here today, equip the individual sumer demand should usher an entire new Congress gave the President standby consumer at any income level with a margin industry into our sagging economy. We need authority to create a Federal oil pur- of insulation against the next OPEC sur- the energy and we need the jobs. In your chase agency. charge or utility increase. . deliberations today, I ask that you not over­ H.R. 3604 mandates this need and sets Unfortunately, the role of New England's look this important aspect of our energy forth additional needed guidelines. State and local officials is made more difficult future. The problem is, can we afford to allow by the inadequacy of national energy policy THE LOW-HEAD HYDRO IMPERATIVE: the Department of Energy to do nothing •to support conservation. It is estimated that funding under the National Energy Act for COMMUNITY ENERGY and to compound this problem? weatherization of low income housing will New England's early industrial predomi­ United Arab Emirates Minister of reach only 250,000 dwellings per year, as­ nance in the textile field was built on the Petroleum and Natural Resources, Dr. suming a minimal $800 per unit expenditure. network of small but powerful rivers in Mani Said al-Utaybah, who is chairman At that rate, it will take forty years to the region. Yet today low-head hydroelectric of the current Organization of Petro­ weatherize the 9.9 million low-income homes generation represents barely 2 percent of leum Exporting Countries public housing, proof source of energy with which to light multinational oil companies are making change local housing and building codes and city streets, schools or hospitals. The tech­ enormous profits at the expense of con­ nology is there, the environmental impacts otherwise attend to the details of this in­ sumers, thus exploiting the conditions of complete federal commitment. can be minimal and the apparently small contribution just could be the difference supply and demand." He also warned THE SOLAR IMPERATIVE : FINANCING between a tolerably inconvenient energy "against the dangerous role of multina­ Active solar systems retrofitted onto exist­ transition in the late 1980's and an economic tional oil companies that manipulate oil ing structures, and passive design techniques and political crisis when the oil runs out. prices and oil supplies" and "that the in new structures, offer yet another means to I hope this brief survey of just a few OPEC states will put an end to the ac­ unlink the consumer from interruptable cen­ alternative energy options convinces you tions of these companies and will adopt tralized energy sources. And again, a half­ that energy policy is much more a matter hearted federal commitment places the bur­ the appropriate measures, which will in­ of people deciding to help themselves than clude blacklisting these companies." den on you to refine high-minded policy into one of massive national institutions await­ action. So far federal demonstration efforts ing the technological "fix" that may not be Previously, OPEC declared war on the have proven ~nly that the federal govern­ there. The stakes are too high, the time too economies of the Western industrial na­ ment should not demonstrate. Technically short and the product of inaction too hor­ tions. It seeks to disrupt the existing perfected, commercially viable solar energy rible to ignore these imperatives. As the economic stability and values. products and designs still suffer under the Energy Congress source projections show, In this instance OPEC ign0res the dated wisdom of inaccurate predictions and any shortfall in alternative energy output enormous profits being made by its mem­ institutional resistance. For the most part, must be replaced by continued oil depend­ bers at the expense of consumers and that resistance has come from banks which ence or additional nuclear power. subject the cone the use of energy. tention of my colleagues the outstand­ These alternative alcohol fuels are true With an approximately 70 percent gain in ing contributions of Mr. Anthony Ridder solar energy-converting the sun's energy by compression and efficiency, several types of and Dr. Frederick Terman to our com­ photo-synthesis into plant life which can carburetors were tested and modified. The then be converted into energy through simple munity of Santa Clara County. Mr. final choice was a standard side-draft con­ Ridder and Dr. Terman will be honored technology known widely in the scientific stantvelocity unit. community. Accompanying the modification was te­ on Tuesday, June 5 with the 1979 These are your prospects and they are grim. dious and often frustrating research in Brotherhood Award of the Santa Clara They could mean the end of our society as chemistry, combustion and automotive en­ County Region of the National Confer­ we know it. They certainly can mean the end gineering. The goal of stepping forward with ence of Christians and Jews. These gen­ of our lifestyle. These portents have for years an a.Iternative fuel was best served by look­ tlemen are certainly deserving of this been manifesting themselves in our inflation ing backward in to aged and often crumbling, and in our diminishing place in world mark­ fine honor. yellowed journals, manuals and research pa­ Anthony Ridder is a graduate of the ets and foreign exchange. pers from decades ago when methanol was It was all these inescapable factors--com­ widely used as automotive fuel. University of Michigan, but "saw the bined with the fact that the alternatives are During the months of working on the ex­ light" and moved to San Jose, Calif., in well-known and have been for decades that perimental car, analytical testing of combus­ December of 1964. Since that time, Tony spurred The Times to embark on an unusual tion and ignition efficiency and resulting has been engaged as business manager, project for a newspaper: development of a horsepower was done by Doug Mueller on the general manager and publisher of the car that does not rely on petroleum and uses dynamometer at his Central Tune-Up shop San Jose Mercury News. He has been in­ fuel and lubricants that can not be mon­ in Concord. opolized or cartelized. volved in a variety of community ac­ Peter Felice, proprietor of the Red Line tivities. He has served as chairman of It's an answer that might prevent hun­ Synthetic Oil Corporation-and an expert dreds of thousands of Americans from having in lubrication, compounded alcohol-based the board of directors of the chamber of to put their shiny new cars up on blocks and motor oils, gear and upper cylinder lubri­ commerce, president of the Santa Clara watch their lives and their nation deteriorate cants and greases--came up with a synthetic County United Way, as a member of the because no one did anything in time to pre­ brake fluid during his months of coaching board of governors of Goodwill Indus­ vent it. from the sidelines. Educated in both physics tries and on the board of fellows of Santa and chemistry, Felice's enthusiasm for the [From the contra Costa Times, May 15, 1979] Clara University. We are all very proud project--like that of the others involved­ of his accomplishments and contribu­ METHANOL-POWERED CAR: ON THE ROAD TO was based on his recognition of the need to tions to the quality of life of our citizens. THE FUTURE develop practical, simple and economic alter­ Dr. Frederick Terman is an educator (By Justin Roberts) natives to petroleum. and electronics engineer. Dr. Terman's "It's better to light one candle than to Bob Hagin, the Times' automobile colum­ biographical background reads like a curse the darkness." nist and auto shop instructor at College Park There's darkness setting in with the pros­ High School, provided the original car which catalog of major university honors pects of worsening energy shortages-and had been given to the auto shop class by Mr. and recognition in our country and one "candle" may be the Times' alcohol­ and Mrs. James Watson of Martinez, whose abroad. Certainly our valley's growth powered car. two sons, Stewart and Bryan, were students and economy have benefitted enorm­ It's not the only one in the United States of Hagin's. ously from Dr. Terman's presence and to operate on methanol (wood alcohol) but Research and tinkering continue in efforts work. He was born in Indiana and like it may be the least exotic and the most eco­ to equal the miles per gallon that the venera­ Tony Ridder became a Californian. He nomical. ble Valiant yielded on gasoline. The U.S. Department of Energy produced graduated from Stanford University in While critics claim a methanol-powered 1920 and went on to further degrees at a modified Plymouth sedan last year that ran car can give only half the miles per gallon of on methanol, at a cost of about $100,000. a gasoline-powered car, the experiments have MIT. He returned to Stanford as an in­ The University of Santa Clara college of proven this claim incorrect. The vehicle structor in engineering and went on to engineering has produced several methanol­ yields about 80 percent of its former gas become a professor, dean of the school fueled automobiles which perform just as mileage and is expected to do even better of engineering, provost, vice president well, but did not cost anything near the with further adjustments. and acting president in 1964. DOE's demonstration model. The city of Santa Clara has a methanol­ Critics also claim methanol wlll "eat" cer­ Dr. Terman has received many, many powered car that city staffers use to run tain parts of the fuel system, but the experi­ national awards and honors. He has also errands. ment shows that changes costing only a received many international honors in- 13302 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1979 eluding the King's Medal for Service in vestment tax credit provisions of the settlement of this particular issue as a the Cause of Freedom Bella Abzug, either. that now property rights are equal as to men Was her being in the Texas Legislature too SAME BASEMENT OFFICE and women. much of a confilct with her marriage? "So I have a long history of accomplish­ "Politics is hard on any marriage, whether In person she has a soothing, smoothing ments within the Texas Legislature. Cer­ quality, an implacable calm. There is some­ you're talking about a man or a woman. In tainly the legislators disagreed with me at my case it just happened that while my hus­ thing maternal about her that reminds you times, but I was a personal friend of almost of soft things from childhood-comforters, band was very supportive, it was difficult for all of them. It is very important to have him when I was the one always in the spot­ custard, and stuffed animals. She creates an close personal friendships in getting things atmosphere of ease around herself. It is dif­ light. And then, of course, the more I was in ficult to imagine her shouting, brandishing done from the inside. office, the more I was traveling and doing a picket sign, or marching. There is an "In Texas I never participated in the speeches and different things. And he almost old-fashioned quality about her, per­ marches on the State Capitol. I didn't feel wanted someone to be at home and watch TV haps because with her long reddish-gold comfortable doing it. But tho3e women who and go to the movies, which I thoroughly hair piled up on top or her head, she looks did were helpful. Because even though the understand. like a Gibson Girl. legislators were very turned off by the march, "But I wasn't ready to make that change. Mrs. Weddington is a tall woman in a they did come to me and say, 'Now, what was So after our divorce, we practiced law to­ short room, the basement office with its low that all about,' and it gave me a chance to gether for another year. It was a very ceiling to which Miss Costanza was con­ educate them." friendly divorce. And I have a lot of respect signed after her fall from grace and from Bob Johnson, parliamentarian of the for him. He taught me a lot and I grew a lot her original windowed headquarters near the Texas Legislature, says of Sarah Wedding­ in that relationship." Oval Office. ton, "She's not conclliatory. She'd fight, She speaks of how many women today are The day we talked she was wearing a black work hard talking to people, convincing trying to think through combining the de­ skirt, tan cardigan knit jacket, and a beige, t hem, and there wasn't a dad-gummed thing mands of their professions and their personal green, and black leaf-patterned blouse. they could do about her. She'd be dedicated, lives. Pearls and a gold chain necklace mingle at and when she's dedicated she's hard as nails. "I guess it's my admission that I'm not a her neck. On her feet are low-heeled black But she's not an abrasive person." superwoman. I can't do it all. And for me, I Gucci shoes with gold snatnes. She wears a Mrs. Weddington used to spend time at chose to do the job .... thick gold signet ring. There is no sign of an the Johnsons' Austin, Texas, ranch, unwind­ "It's the same reason I don't have children. engagement or wedding ring left from her ing from her job as a Texas legislator. Mr. I just feel so strongly that if I had children I divorce. Johnson says "she's smart, dedicated, and I would want to spend a great deal of time and Her voice is soft, leisurely, semi-Southern, think she has boundless energy." personal effort with them. . . . I just would and she talks in a quiet stream. There is more Asked about what one observer calls Mrs. not be pleased either way with my efforts on the subject of the ERA: "The second part Weddington's "conspicuous calm," Mr. John­ on behalf of me or my efforts o.n behalf of the is, it seems to me, that a lot of women and son suggests, "It's probably because she's children." men too are confused about what the ERA thinking all the time, that's why she has In her own practice in Texas, Mrs. Wed­ would and would not do. The ERA in some that calm [appearance]. She probably has dington specialized in family law, and it was ways has become a symbol for changes that her fears and things that other folks ha-·e she who argued and won the landmark abor­ people sometimes don't understand and some­ but she doesn't let them get ahold of her. tion case Roe v. Wade before the U.S. Su­ times are uncomfortable with. And I think It may be a studied approach in her speak­ preme Court. Reference to the politically we need to separate out those things the ERA ing and delivery-in the Legislature, when inflammatory issue of abortion is not in­ would and would not do." things got hot and heavy, she was always cluded in her White House biography, which Which brings us to the military draft; very composed." says only that "her experience includes a many ERA opponents argue the amendment One of her habits, he notes, is "complete case argued successfully b-efore the Supreme would result in drafting women. When Harold serenity." Court." Brown, Secretary of Defense, announced re­ Yet there's the other side of Sarah Wed­ She explains, "I think that most groups cently that drafting women was a possib111ty, dington, the side that is anything but de­ identify me so closely with the abortion is­ did Mrs. Weddington think "there goes mure. She likes to hurl herself into life and sue, especially in terms of women, that I ERA"? learn about it. On the ranch, Bob Johnson really wanted them to realize all the other She deflects that: "I think it cuts both remembers, they were out riding the horses things I've done, too. And my work in the ways. With Brown saying that, and I didn't one day and came to an area where the bull­ White House has not been on abortion but know he was going to do it before he did . . . dozer was at work. She wanted to learn to on a wide range of other issues. . . ." I had to think through what the impact of drive it and did, keeping at it "until she was Mrs. Weddington spent nearly three years that was to me. I thinlt: one impact was to quite adept at pushing the dirt around out preparing for the case she argued so success­ point out to people that the draft might well there." fully before the Supreme Court. It concerned extend to women even without the ERA. Working in the White House often results a pregnant, unmarried waitress with an And it sort of defuses this ability to say the in a sense of being isolated from what she eighth-grade education who needed an abor­ ERA equals draft." calls "real people, people in their everyday tion. She crammed the three years with read­ How does she feel about women being lives." So she tries to get out among them, ing, research, talking to people, and making drafted? and plans a very unbureaucratic vacation­ speeches. At the end, she did "moot courts" "I don't have any problem with saying that this year a horseback trip with friends into with students and professors quizzing her as women probably would be subject to what­ a wilderness area. the Supreme Court would, at the University ever provisions (draft or alternative service]. of Texas, where she received her law degree. If there were some sort of national system She also loves country-and-western danc­ She says she was nervous, but when the big you would have all kinds of exemptions that ing, music (Willie Nelson and Waylon Jen­ day arrived, observers called her cool and would also apply to women. Saying that nings), and going to the zoo. She can't stand poised. She had come to Washington the women could give some sort of public service watching TV, reads a lot (William Satire's night before her appearance. She hardly does not equate wth women being in combat. novel about presidential politics, "Full Dis­ slept, getting up frequently to check cita­ About 92 percent of all the positions in the closure," and Marilyn French's feminist tions for questions the justices might ask. military are jobs that women do every day on novel, "The Women's Room," are two of the She had been told it used to be traditional the outside." latest). for women to wear a high-necked, long­ She speaks with the quiet poise of one who "For me to be successful in the way I want sleeved, floor-length black dress. She chose is sure of her position, her methods, and to to be successful, and for me to contribute a dark blue business suit. quite a degree, her acceptance. Speaking of in the way I want to contribute takes so That morning her initial nervousness the women's movement, she says, "We have much of my time and energies that I don't evaporated in the flurry of welcoming friends been through a period when it took a. lot feel I can personally establish another re- in the court. She remembers the heavy ques- 13304 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1979 tioning from the justices and the goose-quill dent that the real environmental villain desia.. But the Americans and the British also pens on the lawyers' desks. in Alaska is the Federal Government. recognize the political realities-and pit­ "Of course I remember the majesty of the I urge all Members to take the time to falls-of premature moves made under do­ courtroom setting. You have that room made mestic pressures. Even if the recent elections of 13 kinds of marble. When you enter at the view this presentation and consider the in Rhodesia are deemed fair and free enough back, there are the pews where the lay people effect of their vote on Alaskans.• to warrant recognition (and even that is sit. And they tell you not to chew gum and open to question), the fact remains that the not to write and not to talk and not to put Salisbury government is only a limited black your arm on the back of the pews. It's just government and therefore the guerilla vio­ like church ...." AGAINST THE LIFTING OF lence goes on. The African frontline states Just like church, says Sarah Ragle Wed­ SANCTIONS will not recognize the Muzorewa government; dington, a preacher's daughter !rom west the Organization of African Unity will not Texas. Born in Abilene, Texas, she grew up recognize it; and the Commonwealth nations, moving every four years or so from congrega­ HON. DON EDWARDS too, have warned Britain about the dangers tion to congregation. And she grew up con­ OF CALIFORNIA of recognition. For the British and U.S. gov­ fident: ernments to fly in the !ace of this militant "I grew up with the church people re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mood would be inviting diplomatic disaster­ sponding very affirmatively to me and my Monday, June 4, 1979 a lineup of Britain and the U.S. with South family. And the result is I've always expected Africa on one side and most of the African that, and by and large people have met my e Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. states plus the Soviet Union on the other. expectations. . . . I never rebelled against Speaker, many of my colleagues are be­ The Russians would be gleeful. It would also being a preacher's daughter as some have .. .. coming increasingly concerned over the violate an action of the UN Security Council, I think it was because my father never said issue of lifting sanctions against Zim­ a violation which would be morally and le­ to me, 'You can't do that because you're the babwe Rhodesia. I welcome this concern gally indefensible. preacher's daughter.' He often said to me, The challenge for London and Washington 'You shouldn't or can't do that because it's over what I regard as a crucial issue. I feel greater interest in the issue can only will be to continue to work with all factions wrong'. . . . I tended to be very serious and in the ongoing black political struggle and to very stable and very solid and all these other result in a more informed decision on try to bring the civil war to an end. As many things." the lifting of sanctions. experienced diplomats counsel, the wiser Her friend Abigail Havens says, "She's a The question of lifting sanctions course is not to take sides but to keep en­ true Texan, her first loyalties are to Texas. against Zimbabwe Rhodesia is not in the cour~ging movement forward. Bishop Muzo­ She's pointing toward statewide office-gov­ forefront of many Members minds, and rewa is now in a position to play a crucial ernor, attorney general, or lieutenant as such is easily subject to distortion. I role. Peaceful resolution of the difficult con­ governor." flict may well depend on how ably he plays Meanwhile, back at the White House, Mrs. hope we are able to have a lengthy dis­ it .• Weddington is busy turning the country cussion of the subject exposing all as­ chrome yellow for the ERA, busy helping the pects of the question. Such a discussion President to see that "there is a drastically can only result in a decision against the REGULATION AND THE increased number of women on both the lifting of sanctions. LEGISLATIVE REVIEW federal circuit court and the federal district In the interest of informing my col­ courts," even talking about the possib111ty o! a woman on the Supreme Court, traveling, leagues and contributing to the discus­ HON. JACK F. KEMP sion on the lifting of sanctions, I have speechifying. In fact, she is busy "creating a OF NEW YORK climate and work relationship with the Presi­ entered the following article from the dent, with the White House staff, Cabinet Christian Science Monitor of May 31 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES officers, and people on the outside that sets in to the RECORD: Monday, June 4, 1979 a stage !or women's issues being considered THE BISHOP'S MOVE important, being seriously dealt with." e • Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, the Hous­ Bishop Abel Muzorewa takes command of ing and Community Development the new Zimbabwe Rhodesia. In an historical Amendments of 1978 provided for a sig­ ESKTIMO HOLOCAUST sense, it would be sanctimonious not to rec­ nificant congressional oversight of rules ognize the importance of the installation of the nation's first black Prime Minister. This and regulations which the Department HON. DON YOUNG represents a significant step in the right di­ of Housing and Urban Development rection, the direction of ultimate full major­ might wish to enforce. In the bill before OF ALASKA ity rule. It will now be up to the Bishop-if us today, Congress is given the oppor· IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES he expects international support- to show tunity to overturn one of those regula· Monday, June 4, 1979 that he can govern effectively, m ake those tions which my colleagues on the Com· constitutional changes needed t o expand mittee on Banking, Finance and Urban • Mr. YOUNG of Alaska. Mr. Speaker, bla.ck participation, reach an accommoda­ Affairs found deficient. The committee recently, the House of Representatives tion with the political leaders left out _of the took prompt and astute action to set the approved a bill setting aside huge areas internal settlement, and end the debillt ating guerrilla war. That is a tall order. stage for invalidation and disapproval of land in Alaska as national parks, wild­ of the regulations permantly. life refuges, and wilderness areas. As By taking on the post of Minister of De­ Mr. Speaker, it has become an all-too· passed, the Alaska lands bill was op­ fense himself, the Bishop presumably wants to maintain high visibility and demonstrate common fact that excessive and errone­ posed by myself, Alaska's Senators, Gov­ ous regulation serves as a tremendous ernor Hammond, the State legislature, that he is in command of the war opera­ tions-and the country. That may be a good barrier between reward and effort for and the majority of Alaskan residents. move politically and tactically but Mr. Mu­ both individuals and businesses. During the course of debate on the zorewa knows nothlng about defense matters Representatives of the construction Alaska lands issue, Members were con­ and that will not inspire confidence. There is unions and industry in my district in stantly informed by special interest little doubt that Ian Smith, who is not in Buffalo, N.Y., are incensed and outraged lobby groups that the State of Alaska the Cabinet but is a minister without port­ that HUD is attempting to proceed with should not get its land, because the State folio, will continue to exercise enormous in­ fluence behind the scenes. The former white implementation, even though the com­ was part of the "rape, ruin, and run" leader no doubt is kept on to reassure the mittee has met the requirements of Pub­ gang. The only way to "save" Alaska, nation's white minority, still leaving the lic Law 95-557. I join them in repudiat­ Members were told, was to vote in favor country at increasingly high rates. But he ing these thermal insulation directives of large wilderness areas in my State. will be the Bishop's albatross as well as his which are neither energy-efficient nor If the speciousness of this argument counselor. For until the Prime Minister and cost-effective. I urge my colleagues to was not already apparent to Members, other black leaders can ease Mr. Smith from support the action of the Banking, Fi­ it soon will be. On June 4, 5, and 6 the political scene and prove they are truly nance and Urban Affairs Committee and WDCA, channel 20 in Washington, will in charge, there looks to be little hope for in­ mandate a revision of the thermal re­ be presenting a film entitled "Eskimo ternational recognition. Pressures obviously are building for a lift­ quirement for the FHA minimum prop­ Holocaust." The film will be shown at ing of economic sanctions against Zimbabwe erty standards which will lead to the sav­ 1:30 p.m. each day. The producer, Mr. Rhodesia and recognition of the new govern­ ing of energy and allow the construction Bruce Kendall, is a long time Alaskan ment. E'ven U.S. Secretary of State Cyrus industry in my district and throughout who has carefully researched. his topic. Vance, after his talks at the Foreign Office our country to follow sensible, cost-ef­ After watching this film, it will be evi- in London, spoke of "a new reality" in Rho- fective policies.• June 4, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13305 A CHAMPION FOR CHILDREN Because Phil Sommese is a "heavy hitter" to stay in their place, scrubbing floors and and because he cares dearly for children in shooting dope, tucked out of the way so need those with Cooley's Anemia have, a very the rest of us can go enjoying the more HON. LESTER L. WOLFF special friend and champion.e luxurious life of modern America. OF NEW YORK At the risk of losing all open-minded read­ ers, I admit my deep personal biases on this IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES subject. I grew up in a family committed to Monday, June 4, 1979 STOP KNOCKING OUR PUBLIC public schools, committed in a way that SCHOOLS nobody ever needed to articulate at the din­ • Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, I wish to ner ta.ble. My mother taught school, includ­ share with my colleagues a few brief ing poor and unwashed children in a city words about Phil Sommese, of West­ HON. GEORGE MILLER slum. My father served for years on a com­ bury, N.Y., an outstanding individual munity school board. My aunt was a teacher. who has selflessly given his time and en­ OF CALIFORNIA So was my sister. My grandfather struggled ergy in the battle against Cooley's IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES up from uneducated poverty, thanks to the anemia. Cooley's anemia is a grave con­ Monday, June 4, 1979 "free common schools" of prairie Kansas, and he became a. learned high school teacher him­ genital blood disorder which strikes at • Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speak­ self. In the curious manner of these things, young children and requires treatment er, our growing loss of confidence in my wife's family has a similar profile-an by frequent, expensive blood transfu­ public schools has blinded us to abundance of teachers and school board sions. I join with the Cooley's Anemia many of the system's accomplish­ members. Foundation in honoring Mr. Sommese ments. I would like to share with So I confess-when I hear glib generaliza­ for his long-standing assistance in efforts my colleagues an article which speaks to tions about the hopelessness of public to raise funds and support for research schools, somewhere deep in my psyche it this issue. The article, which appeared in sounds like they are beating up on our fam­ and treatment of this dread disease. the Sunday edition of the Washington Mr. Sommese's tireless efforts to ad­ ily, and I get angry. Post, delineates many of the system's Now I hope the public school critics will vance this worthy cause are a shining ex­ successes over the last two decades. The examine their own biases. How many are mo­ ample of volunteerism and commitment author, William Greider, points to the tivated, perhaps, by pretentions of class su­ on behalf of the young children who de­ significant increase in the number of periority or by racial fears? How many sutfer pend on the treatment made possible by black teenagers finishing high school as from that social petulance that is really a the Cooley's Anemia Foundation to live well as striking gains among young chil­ contempt for children, including their own? and grow with hope for a secure future. But let's stick to the facts. The evidence, dren in acquiring basic skills. as opposed to someone 's rheumy recollec­ When help is needed, Phil Sommese has Serious problems continue to plague been there to provide it. His concern has tions, supports me in this audacious claim: our public schools and we must act to The American public schools are doing a often been the key to success for events correct them. However, ignoring our ac­ better job today, better than ever before sponsored by the local chapter of the complishments only propels us more in our national history, of providing univer­ foundation. His standing as a prominent rapidly toward a self-fulfilling prophecy. sal education for our young people, white, labor leader in the community has given The article follows: black, brown or whatever. additional strength to this cause. It is (From the Washington Post, June 3, 1979] The !acts, for example, describe an educa­ on this note that I wish to submit this tional revolution among blacks. In 1950, only brief biographical sketch of Mr. Sommese STOP KNOCKING OUR PUBLIC ScHOOLS one of every four black children finished high prepared by his friends in the Cooley's (By Willlam Greider) school in America. Imagine: only one of !our. Every true American loves the familiar The rest dropped out and, with rare excep­ Anemia Blood and Research Foundation tions, assumed the menial stations the so­ for Children. Mr. Sommese truly is a story o! struggle and triumph by a group from the ethnic underclass-the Irish, the ciety reserved for them-stoop labor. "heavy hitter" for these children who Italians and Jews, the Chinese and, now, the Today, three out of four black children have needed this help so much. Koreans. So I have discovered another ethnic complete high school. Consider the social The biographical sketch follows: group whose struggle should be celebrated. meaning of that change: In 30 years, the BIOGRAPHIC SKETCH OF PHIL SOMMESE In one generation, these people overcame public schools were opened to a huge under­ In the world of phUanthropy, those who many of the educational inferiorities imposed class of young people. Will anyone argue that on them !or centuries. They tripled the num­ this generation, now completing high school, hear the call for help, who recognize the need is behind those children who, a. generation to commi·t them.selves to a worthy cause and ber of their young people who graduate !rom high school. They broke down barriers to ago, quit in the 7th or 8th grade? I would like are then able to do something about it, are to see the evidence for that. called "heavy hitters". Sometimes these higher education and dramatically narrowed the gap with other more fortunate American The District of Columbia schools, notwith­ "heavy hitters" are publlc leaders in the standing their lousy reputation, participated charitable field, sometimes they work behind children. They reached !or equality-a ridic­ ulous goal, considering their tragic history in this great leap forward-more black kids the scenes. But what they do makes things in D.C. are finishing high school, many more happen. The honoree of the Cooley's Anemia as a people-and their progress has been breathtaking. are going to college. Just from 1972 to 1977, Foundation is one of these "heavy hitters". for instance, the D.C. school system increased When Phll Sommese cares, things happen. You may not recognize it, but I am talk­ ing about America's native-born black citi­ its high school graduates by 9 percent-­ Married in 1940 to former Mary Abbatiello, while D.C. high school enrollment was lev­ Phil st111 resides in his boyhood community zens. A few weeks ago, on the 25th anniver­ sary of the Supreme Court's Brown deci­ eling otf. of Westbury, where his son was also raised Older black leaders remember fondly the and is now a Professor of Languages at the sion, instead of this triumphant message, we heard a chorus of gloom-from black lead­ academic excellence of the older Dunbar High Suffolk Community College in Selden, N.Y., School, and they bemoan the present inade­ and is presently preparing to earn his Doc­ ers, of all people. Vernon Jordan of the Ur­ ban League said, in so many words, that quacies of D.C. graduates. They are inclined torate in Languages at the Stony Brook to forget that old Dunbar was possible only University. nothing has changed in 25 years. James M. Nabrit, a beacon lawyer who argued one of because most black children did not finish Phil comes by his "heavy hitter" status high school, much less study Greek and naturally. An extraordinary athlete as a those landmark cases, denounced the public schools as !allures. And so on, with others. Latin, a generation ago. young man, Phil was a prize-fighter good The equation is fairly simple, and it ap­ enough to be a Golden Gloves champion !or The supposed failure of the public schools plies to public school across America: It's several years In a row in the mid-1930's and is, in !act, a favorite message in newspapers a. lot easier to provide excellent education to have a successful professional career as a these days, especially in this newspaper, if you are only going to educate relatively fighter until an injury, and the urging o! his especially the failure of the District of few children, particularly if they are students wife, Mary, ended his career In 1938. Columbia schools from which so many white who already do well. If the schools try to He fought again though, in 1943, serving citizens have fied. educate all children, the job becomes far his country in the U.S. Navy in World War II Personally, I am sick and tired of people more dUHcult. In the last generation, the and then entered the "War of the working beating up on the public schools. I think public schools have tried to do this. They are man" by joining the crganized labor field it is a form of scapegoating, a variation on a long way from what anyone would describe after his tour of duty in 1946. In 1951, Phil the old game called "blaming the victim." as a rousing success-but they are also far was made a Delegate of the General Building I suspect some critics use "public schools" ahead of where they used to be. Laborers Local 66, and again in 1972 he was as a new codeworld !or racial slurs, particu­ This educational upheaval affected white elected Business Manager and Secretary­ larly in our largest cities. Most tragically, children, too. In 1950, only 56 percent o! Treasurer. Phil's interest in children is well beating up on public schools serves the in­ white children completed high school. Does known. In 1974 he was honored by the Boys terests of those who wish to suppress social that shock you? It shouldn't. Poor whites in Town o! Italy as its Man o! the Year. change, who want the poor and unwashed America. have always outnumbered poor 13306 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1979 blacks. Today, about 85 percent of white white males from poorer families. This pulls believe, is aimed at the wrong target. In gen­ children graduate from high school. Are they the national "average" down on that test eral, it was not the schools that failed the not better educated than their fathers and (which measures aptitude, not achievement), last generation of black children. It was the mothers who quit school in adolescence, just as the D.C. schools lost ground on tests rest of society that disappointed the newly many of them going, like poor blacks, to the as more affluent whites were replaced in the ~ducated, that failed to provide the jobs and bottom rung on the economic ladder? Show averages by poorer blacks. But this certainly Income that were promised when those young me the study proving that. doesn't mean black children are doing worse people were urged to stay in school.e Anyone looking at such statistics will see, than before. of course, that young blacks did not com­ Nevertheless, the new "conservatism" has pletely close the educational gap with whites. produced the current "back to basics" hyste­ U.S. ARMY'S DEFENSE POSTURE AND But their progress is clearly more dramatic ria, a trend which is likely to hurt more chil­ THE FISCAL YEAR BUDGET than that remaining gap. It translated, with dren than it helps. The "back to basics" 1980 the aid of the civil rights movement and fed­ formula will make school more boring than eral money, into an even more remarkable it already is, more geared to the safest and HON. WILLIAM HILL BONER change in higher education-a crude parity, lowest common denominator, Dick-and-Jane not perfect but certainly a watershed of deep rote drdlls. Everybody, by God, is for reading, OF TENNESSEE social significance. Black enrollment is now writing and arithmetic, so let's cram it into IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES their hard little skulls. Most children will about 13 percent of the college-age popula­ Monday, June 4, 1979 tion-roughly equivalent to the black share hate it. So will most teaahers. But public of the overall population. Yes, a good num­ anger must be served, however misguided. • Mr. BONER of Tennessee. Mr. Speak­ ber of these black students are in two-year A few years hence, the sohools no doubt will er, recently I had the opportunity to meet community colleges, but that is a level most produce the "back to basics" test scores to directly with the Secretary o(the Army, blacks never had a prayer of reaching a gen­ show they have solved some problem. the Honorable Clifford Alexander on a eration ago. Meanwhile, tests already show that chil­ Again, it helps to remember what the past dren have been dmproving on basics, reading, variety of issues of great concern to the was really like-not how some people like to writing and math, white ahildren and black, constituents of the Fifth District of remember it. In 1960, there were 435 blacks North and South. The National Assessment Tennessee. The Secretary indicated to in white colleges in the South. Today there reports find the most striking gains among me at that time that the United States are well over 100,000. That represents real 9-year-old black kids. This is significant was faced with critical shortages of basic social change, which begs the same question: because that's where tihe feds have spent operation and maintanence items in the Are these children not better educated than most of the money--on helping younger defense budget, including adequate children from poor families in the early the earlier generation? stockpili~g; ammunnitions; food; and At this point, the criticis may say, "Yes, years of schooling. Indeed, the most serdous problems reflected trucks m the European theater of but ..." The "but" leads to the muddled operations. question of quality-how much are these in the national testing is the opposite of rote children really learning? Aren't some high skills: Students finishing high school show M~. Speaker, although the Army and schools "graduating" illiterates, kids who a declining ability to grasp complex ideas, to Manne Corps' ground forces policies and can't read or write much? Yes, some high draw abstract inferences from diverse infor­ programs for fiscal year 1980 are a vir­ school "graduates" are illiterate. Yes, that is mation. When you think about the complex­ tual straight line continuation from a scandal, one that ought to provoke outrage dty and change in their futures, that's a scary educational problem. But, unfortu­ those of fiscal year 1979, and earlier and reform. years, there are important unresolved But concentrating on this disturbing real­ nately, the critics are stampeding the schools ity, as if it were "typical," is profoundly mis­ in the other direction. questions which have been raised by ob­ leading. In general, notwithstanding whwt Who should be blamed for this wrong­ servers. These include the amount re­ you think you read in the newspapers, the headedness? I would start with the school quested for operation and maintenance quality of student performance is as good or people, who are notoriously inept at defend­ for the Army is less than would be re­ better tcday-repeat, as good or better-than ing themselves. They turn and run before quired to compensate for inflation for it was a generation ago. Today's children, on every gust of public discontent. They con­ fiscal year 1979 to 1980. This raises the the average, do as well or better on achieve­ ceal better than they explain. · Or you can blame the newspapers. I do. issues of whether the administration is ment tests than their parents did-if their underfunding the operation of mainte­ parents were in school at all. And I plead guilty myself to participating in A serious performance gap remains, of that strange value system that finds failure nance accounts of the Army, vital for course, between black and white, between more interesting or important than success. maintaining ongoing readiness in terms rich and poor, though the racial differences But the problem with newspapers is not of fuel and spare parts. Can the efficien­ are narrowing in basic skills. In any case, if really good news versus bad news. News­ cies which the administration proposes you think about it, there will always be papers, by their nature, are constitutionally in the operation and maintenance part "gaps" on achievement scores between dif­ opposed to history. They are quite good at taking snapshots of today or yesterday, but of the budget affect the operations of ferent students-unless you can imagine an our armed forces? Is the major increase America in which all children are born with they are incapable of looking backward and precisely the same brain cells or talents or asking how the snapshot fits into a con­ in pre-positioned ground force equipment grow up in identical environments. tinuum of events, the complicated story of in Europe resulting in dangerously low Arthur E. Wise of the Rand Corporation is people changing over time. Today's outrage active and reserve stocks in the continen­ one of a number of scholars who have stud­ looks more outrageous if you have forgotten tal United States? What is the ability of ied the array of test results and concluded yesterday's. U.S. base forces to respond to non-Euro­ that the news chiefly is good, not bad. Since In any case, as Wise noted, there is an pean contingencies? What is the vul­ audience out there that wants to hear this the Rand Corporation is not exactly a nerability of pre-positioned military bleeding-heart think tank, inclined to wish­ message of failure. (Interestingly, though, ful thinking as I am, Wise's conclusion is public opinion surveys indicate that citizens equipment in Europe to a preempted available: with children in the public schools-with Soviet bombardment and does this vul­ "The loss of confidence is not the result their own channel of information independ­ nerability call to question the placing of of a decline in quality; it is the result of a ent of the news media-have a much higher additional equipment in those stockoiles? re-emerging conservatism which wants to see opinion of the schools than do others.) It has come to my attention, Mr. the world as worse than it used to be." The belief in decline is really a public Speaker, in a hearing before the Subcom­ One of Wise's favorites is a statewide sam­ value statement, one that often implies that mittee on Manpower and Personnel, of black children or poor children cannot im­ pling in Indiana that matched lOth graders the Senate Committee on Armed Serv­ of 1976 against lOth graders of 1944 and prove themselves. If education makes no dif­ found the modern group to be superior­ ference, why bother? The children, of course, ices, last year, June 20, 1978, in testimony though the '76 class obviously included many hear the same message. prepared by my fellow colleague, RoBIN of those children, white and black, who never Does that mal{e the gloomy Vernon Jordans BEARD, Republican of Tennessee, entitled reached the lOth grade in 1944. into an unwitting spokesmen for conserva­ "An Analysis and Evaluation of the This demographic change in the public tism? I think it does. It makes someone like United States Army, April 1978." In this schools-taking more children and taking the Rev. Jesse Jackson, corny as he sounds, a study, many platoon leaders and com­ them further-was also the real reason for revolutionary, because Jackson's message to pany commanders in the European most of another celebrated decline, the drop, young blacks challenges the "illusion of in­ theater complained about shortages of until last year, in scores on the Scholastic evitability,'' as one social philosopher calls it. equipment. "The parts system for vehi­ Aptitude Test. The SATs used to be taken The illusion of inevitability is a principal by an elite, a relative handful from the better barrier to social injustice because it con­ cles," they indicated is an aberration. We schools, the better families. But then, thanks vinced the downtrodden, no matter how deep are consistently short on parts for our to egalitarian reforms in education, a much their pain, that nothing will improve their tracks, trucks, and other vehicles. we broader cross-section began taking the tests, low 'i'tatus. need more training days, our morale and more racial minorities, more women, more The continuing rage of black leaders, I effectiveness improve with training. We June 4, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13307 need more ammunition. In some cases, ing from aircraft radar to GI combat CONTINUING CRISIS IN FOSTER we have only fired weapons once in the boots. Secondary item war reserves are CARE past year. Junior officers felt that much a relatively small part of the budget, how­ more could be done to strengthen readi­ ever, shortages can severely degrade our HON. GEORGE MILLER ness. Improvements would include pro­ combat capability so that a short fall in viding .a full supply line for spare parts, the war reserve inventory is as important OF CALIFORNIA increase training days and increase am­ in major equipment ammunitions. The IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES munition and supplies. In some cases the fiscal year 1980 budget includes a $172 Monday, June 4, 1979 million reduction in the secondary item junior officers state that the equipment • Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speak­ is antiquated and needs to be replaced. war reserves. I intend to support efforts during the er, a number of experts from throughout I feel, Mr. Speaker, that in fiscal year the United States met yesterday in the 1980, unless Congress overrides the ad­ Department of Defense appropriations' legislation for fiscal year 1980, which Washington Town Meeting on Foster ministration's request, the dangerous Care. A major focus of this meeting was trend of cutting the Army's request for would essentially seek to build up our operations and maintenance part of the H.R. 3434, the Social Services and Child ammunition, procurement, trucks, and Welfare Amendments, which will soon food will be continued. Plans to build up defense budget to provide for an ade­ quate war reserve capability, based on come before the House. This legislation ammunition reserves in Europe and to contains the most significant reforms generally improve the Army's ammuni­ war plans and deployment schedule in the European and other theaters of oper­ of the Federal laws on foster care and tion posture would not be helped by the adoption ever proposed, and has drawn $316.8 million cut in the Army's request ation so as to provide our Armed Forces with the needed ammunitions, trucks, overwhelming support from a long list for fiscal 1980. The administration has of organizations concerned with the wel­ also cut $36.5 million from funds re­ food, and other combat equipment to meet the growing Soviet threat. As a fare of our children and the strength of quested to improve the readiness of the the American family. standby ammunition production base, result of the lessons of the 1973 Middle East war, in which our stockpiles were Organizations supporting H.R. 343~ and $14 million intended to improve am­ include: the American Federation of munition storage facilities. The succes­ dangerously reduced, I feel it is encum­ bent on the Congress to review the de­ State.. County and Municipal Employees; sive cuts over the last several years have Amencan Home Economics Association· put the Army in a position of real peril fense fiscal year 1980 budget as it is re­ ported out of the House Armed Services Association of Junior Leagues (on titl~ in terms of its ability to support an ID :. Child and Family Justice Project, emergency which might last more than Committee, House Appropriation Defense Subcommittee, and to the floor for final NatiOnal Council of Churches of Christ a few weeks. Mr. Speaker, we could end in the USA; Children's Defense Fund; up with a shadow rather than the sub­ consideration and action. At this time I wish to commend the D.C. Office of the County of Los Angeles· stance of a full defense capability unless Family Service Association of America: we fund and pay more attention to members of the House Appropriations and Armed Services Committee, as well National Association for Retarded Citi~ training, material, readiness, adequate zens; National Association of Counties· stocks of combat, consumables, and as the President and the Secretary of Defense in preparing what I know is a National Conference of Catholic Chari~ movability. It has been reported in the ties; National Council of Jewish Women· defense community that we seem to "shy difficult and important decision relating to the amount of moneys needed to main­ National Governors' Association; and away from combat readiness, high alerts, Women's Division, Board of Global Min­ and rapid responses. These are taken for tain adequate national defense structure. However, it is time to reconsider where istries, United Methodist Church. granted in the strategic forces where the . Participants in yesterday's meeting stakes are highest, but nuclear warfare, we are headed and whether we have the means, and the willpower, to provide our mcluded several major supporters of this thus far, remains a deadly abstraction important legislation. I would like to while nonnuclear conventional combat is young men and women in uniform with sadly an almost daily fact of life." the necessary equipment to defend our share with my colleagues the remarks of allies, and our vital national interests.• two speakers, the honorary chairperson I have had the opportunity to review of the Virginia Committee on the Inter­ a report of the special Subcommittee on national Year of the Child, Elizabeth NATO Standardization, of the House Taylor Warner, and the chairman of the Commitee on Armed Services, chaired by A TRIBUTE TO ROBERT OLIPHANT National Children's Cause, David Evans the Honorable DAN DANIEL, which indi­ who is also the former president of th~ cated that witness after witness testified National Association of Foster Parents. before the subcommittee about the re­ HON. IKE SKELTON Houston, Texas on April 26, 1978 to examine We have very real concern for the esti­ the tax law provides special income aver­ the impact of public policies on foster family mated 100,000 to 200,000 foster children with aging and capital gains treatment for care and child welfare services. The National special needs-minority children, physically Congress of Foster Family Care established handicapped children, mentally disturbed these distributions if tax is paid when twelve national task forces to weigh a variety children-who might be legally freed for the distribution is received, many work­ o! issues-the impact o! deinstitutionaliza­ adoption but are locked into foster care-a ers prefer to postpone payment of tax tion on Foster Family Care, the Special Needs virtual army of "limbo children" that society on a lump-sum distribution by trans­ and Rights o! Foster Children, Standard·s of by its neglect has created. ferring it to an individual retirement Foster Care Services, and the Education and We have a real concern for the changing account in a tax-free rollover. Training of Foster Parents. nature of foster family care. Traditionally, A tax-free rollover is available under Throughout 1978, "National Town Meet­ foster care meant temporary care of sepa­ ings on Foster Care" were held to take the rated children by substitute families in the existing law only for a lump-sum distri­ President's call to the people most directly community. Today, foster children often re­ bution of a worker's entire benefit un­ involved in providing day-to-day foster care main in care for long indeterminate, un­ der a plan. In applying the test for a services to the nation's 500,000 foster chil­ planned periods. Fifty percent stay in foster lump-sum distribtuion, existing law re­ dren-the nation's foster parents and case care two or more years; twenty-six percent quires that all pension plans of a par­ workers. We are gathered here today to bring have been in foster care more than five years; ticular employer are treated as a single their concerns to the President and the 96th and twelve percent remain more than ten plan, so that a total distribution to a Congress. years ... worker from one pension plan is not a I want to discuss with you three major Our third concern is !or the lack of a com­ concerns o! the NFPA National Congress on prehensive national policy !or children and lump-sum distribution unless the work­ Foster Family Care- their families. er receives a total distribution of his l. the lack of a national commitment to Secretary of Health, Education and Wel­ benefits under every other pension plan children, fare, Joseph Califano has said, " If we are to of the same employer. 2. the unmet needs of foster children, fashion a humane and meaningful family Some employers maintain two differ­ 3. the lack of a comprehensive national policy for America, then we must begin with ent kinds of pension plans for the same policy for children and their families. the foster care system." employees because each plan may serve Our first concern is the lack of a real The National Congress on Foster Family national commitment to children. It is per­ Care could not agree more. But, if we are to a different purpose. For example, Ameri­ haps one of the enduring myths of our Amer­ shape federal policies for children and their can Airlines provides a defined benefit ican society that we are a child-oriented so­ familles we must begin by making a balanced pension plan, from which retirees usually ciety. Our children are often referred to as and reasonable reassessment of the proper take monthly annuities, and a money the foundation o! tomorrow. Yet, the fact place of foster care in the continuum of child purchase pension plan from which many remains that America, the richest and most care. workers would take a lump-sum distri­ advanced nation in the world, has no na­ First, our efforts and public policies must bution if they could engage in a tax­ tional policy or any real commitment to her be directed at keeping natural families in free rollover. In this situation, which is children. Indeed, at the core of the present tact by providing a range of community serv­ debate and problems of our foster care sys­ ices to prevent drift into long term, un­ not unique to American Airlines, a work­ tem is the absence of a comprehensive na­ planned foster care. er cannot have a tax-free rollover of a tional policy for children and their families. Secondly, we must direct our efforts at the distribution from the money purchase Far too often our policies toward children substitute family-the American foster fam­ pension plan without also taking a total have been a contUcting patchwork o! pro­ ily. If we are to restructure young lives and distribution from the defined benefit grams and broken promises and all too fre­ reunite families we must have viable substi­ plan. tute families who are in turn adequately sup­ quently, child welfare programs have been The bill I am introducing today would given low priority at the state and national ported and assisted in their efforts. There can levels. The problem in part rests with an in­ be little substantive change in foster provide relief to workers who are covered different American public that has often been care without focusing our efforts on the fos­ by a defined benefit plan and a money ignorant of the needs of children. And if the ter family within the community. purchase plan of the same employer. The American people have been indifferent, our Thirdly, we must direct our energies and bill permits a tax-free rollover of a total public officials have also been indifferent to efforts at the children with soecial needs, the distribution from a money purchase pen- the needs of children. Far too often there thousands of limbo children-who may not sion plan without requiring a total dis­ have been too few advocates for children at be freed from the uncertainties and imper­ tribution from a defined benefit plan of the National level. It has been estimated that manence of foster care unless special steps the same employer. Under the bill, if a in the 96th Congress only ten of the 100 are taken. members of the Senate and 112 of the 435 In the final analysis, we must make our total distribution from a money pur­ members of the House voted consistently in political syst em work for children. Children chase plan is rolled over, a later distri­ the interests of the nation's children. our are among the most powerless members of bution from the defined benefit plan efforts with the 95th Congress did much to SQCiety, and society must act in t heir inter­ could also be rolled over but would not focus public awareness of the needs of foster est s to bring about change. qualify for the special income averaging children. H .R . 7200 was passed by the House Alexander Chase has said, "There are few rules or capital gain treatment. June 4, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13309 I believe this legislation is noncontro­ plete with singers, dancers and actors; GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS-EX­ versial in nature and hope that it can be there will be exhibits of art and photog­ PENSIVE-GROWING considered in an expedient manner.• raphy; food booths and craft displays abound, and ea:h of the organizations which participate will have their own HON. JAMES M. COLLINS display booths. And one of the main fea­ OF TEXAS THIRD ANNUAL LOWER EAST SIDE tures of the day will be the walking tours IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES JEWISH SPRING FESTIVAL of the very historic lower east side of Monday, June 4, 1979 New York City which will be conducted throughout the day. • Mr. COLLINS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, HON. JOHN M. MURPHY inflation's burden on Americans points to This year, the recipient of the "Lower OF NEW YORK Gov~rnment regulations as an important East Side Citizen of the Year" award IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cause. Regulations with their expense of will be Charles H. Silver, president of paperwork, capital equipment and more Monday, June 4, 1979 Beth Israel Medical Center, to be pre­ costly processing means higher costs to e Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr. sented at a 'huge gathering which will in­ the consumer. Regulations are hidden Speaker, the Jewish Community on clude Mayor Ed Koch, Gov. Hugh Carey, but the final higher price paid is the end the lower east side of Manhattan will City Council President Carol Bellamy, result. host on June 10 the third annual Lower City Comptroller Harrison Golden, and An excellent factual survey on "Bene­ East Side Jewish Spring Festival. This many other distinguished citizens of fit-Cost Analyses of Social Regulation" year's events will surpass those of the New York. has been edited by James c. Miller, m past, when more than 25 various Jewish It has been my honor and good fortune and Bruce Yandle and published by the organizations and institutions of all de­ for many years to represent this portion American Enterprise Institute. scriptions celebrate their heritage and of New York City, and I am proud of the This summary chart is living proof of multitude of accomplishments that this the havoc that excessive Federal regula­ their future as a very active and very group of people have brought to the city. special part of the ethnic culture of New tion is bringing in higher costs to the The theme of this year's festival is consumer. From 1970 to 1977 the number York City. "Jewish Life on the Lower East Side, of pages in the Federal Register grew This is the third annual event, which Based on the Present and the Future." from 20,036 to 61,000. The expenditures has fast become a city-wide tradition. They have enjoyed a distinguished past, just in social regulatory agencies grew The featured activities include a street and they are certain to have a glorious from $1.449 billion to $7.318 billion. fair to be held on East Broadway, com- future.• The chart follows:

INDEXES OF GROWTH IN FEDERAL REGULATION, 1970-77

In millions of dollars In millions of dollars Expendi- Expendi- Expendi- Expendi- Number of Number of tures of tures of Number of Number of tures of tures of major "eco- major major "eco- major Number of major "eco- major major "eco- major Number of nomic" "social" nom ic" "social" pages in nomic" "social" nomic" "social" pages in regulat~ry regulat~ry regulat~ry regulat~ry Federal regulatory regulat~ry regulat~ry regulat~ry Federal Year agenc1es agencies agencies agencies Register Year agencies agenc1es agenc1es agencies Register

1970 ______1975 ______8 12 166. 1 1, 449. 3 20, 036 1976 ______10 17 427.6 4, 251.4 60,221 1971_------8 14 196.8 1, 882.2 25, 447 10 17 489.8 5, 028.3 57,072 1972 ______8 14 246.3 2, 247. 5 28, 924 1973 ______1977------10 17 917. 1 7, 318. 3 61,000 1974 ______8 17 198.7 2, 773.7 35, 592 Percentage increase (1970- 9 17 304.3 3, 860. 1 42, 422 1977) __ ------25 42 452.0 405.0 204 • NATIONAL FLAG WEEK He was recognized as a man with an ·The hearings will be in room 2141, uncommon mastery of legislative rules Rayburn House Office Building, and will and procedures. As the ranking minority commence at 1:30 p.m. and 9:30 a.m. HON. CARLOS J. MOORHEAD member of the Rules Committee, he was respectively. OF CALIFORNIA highly respected by his colleagues and Testimony on these proposals will be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES his constituents, regardless of political received from Members of Congress who Monday, June 4, 1979 party. I salute National Flag Day and wish to appear. Those Members inter­ former Representative H. Allen Smith e Mr. MOORHEAD of California. Mr. ested in doing so should contact the on this 13th anniversary of National subcommittee no later than Thursday, Speaker, on May 8, President Carter de­ FlagWeek.e clared the week of June 10 National Flag June 7.• Week. Made possible by Public Law 89- 442, National Flag Week embraces and elevates June 14, National Flag Day. ANNOUNCEMENT OF CHANGED TRIBUTE TO "TOOK" GATHINGS This special time reminds us of the im­ DATES FOR BALANCED BUDGET pressive and unparalleled history of HEARINGS America and the grand and unprece­ HON. JON CLIFTON HINSON dented heritage of Americans. OF MISSISSIPPI It asks us to reaffirm our patriotism; HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF NEW JERSEY to renew our dedication to those prin­ Monday, June 4, 1979 ciples of liberty and equality that made IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES America great among nations. It asks Monday, June 4, 1979 • Mr. HINSON. Mr. Speaker, it was with too that we recommit ourselves to the great sadness that I learned of the death, preservation of the dignity and respect e Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, I wish to on May 2, 1979, of the Honorable Ezekiel of man. announce that the public hearings of the Candler "Took" Gathings. I would also like to take this moment Subcommittee on Monopolies and Com­ "Took" Gathings served this Nation, to remember the man who made Na­ mercial Law of the Committee on the and the great State of Arkansas, as a tional Flag Week possible. Public Law Judiciary to consider proposed constitu­ Member of Congress from 1939 until 89-442 was authored by Congressman H. tional amendments to require a balanced 1969. I was privileged to get to know him Allen Smith, my predecessor. Mr. Smith Federal budget, previously announced when he sponsored me as a Doorman for came to Washington, D.C., in 1957 and for June 8 and June 15, will instead be the House from March 1967 until March served with able distinction for 16 years. held on June 12 and June 13. 1968. I admired him for his personal in- 13310 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1979 tegrity and for the dedication he exhib­ Allen E. Ertel, Benjamin A. Gilman, Je­ called Morton's death "tragic." "The Demo­ ited in representing the people of the rome A. Ambro, Jonathan B. Bingham, John crats as well as the Republicans have lost a First Congressional District of Arkansas, P. Murtha, Joseph M. Gaydos, Baltasar Cor­ great individual," she said. rada, Gus Yatron, Claude Pepper, Joseph P. Another Democrat, Mayor Elmer F. Ruark, a post so ably filled now by our colleague, Addabbo, Charles Wilson (Texas), Newt said he "admired Mr. Morton very much." the Honorable BILL ALEXANDER. Gingrich, Richardson Preyer, and John Jen­ Former Democratic State Sen. Mary L. I learned from his example and will rette.e Nock expressed her admiration for "the work revere his memory. His passing is a great he did in the First District." He had a "keen loss to his family and to the State of interest and knowledge of the people of our Arkansas.• TRIBUTES TO THE LATE HONOR­ area," she said. ABLE ROGERS C. B. MORTON Wicomico County Council President Victor H. Laws, a Democrat, said Morton was "a credit to the Shore, and his party." HON. ROBERT E. BAUMAN Republican D. Ernest Matthews, a local FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE CON­ political and poultry industry leader said GRESSIONAL TEXTILE CAUCUS: OF MARYLAND that it was "hard to say anything too good QUARTERLY STATEMENT OF EX­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES about Rog Morton." PENSES AND FUND BALANCE Monday, June 4, 1979 [From the Salisbury (Md.) Times, • Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, the sense Apr. 20, 1979] HON. KENNETH L. HOLLAND of loss felt as a result of the passing of ROGERS C. B. MORTON OF SOUTH CAROLINA Rogers C. B. Morton has been quite pro­ The Eastern Shore of Maryland has lost IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES found. Tributes and eulogies for this one of its best friends with the death of great American have continued. Rogers C. B. Morton. Monday, June 4, 1979 His friends and neighbors in Mary­ News of the death of the 65-year-old for­ e Mr. HOLLAND. Mr. Speaker, the land were particularly saddened by mer congressman from the Shore was an­ Rog's departure, and their reactions nounced late yesterday afternoon. Steering Committee of the Congressional Although he was not a native, he had Textile Caucus has approved the quar­ have been touching and eloquent. I in­ adopted the Eastern Shore as his home. terly financial report of the caucus as clude at this point in the REcORD recent Morton was elected fl ve times as the of March 31, 1979. I am respectfully sub­ comments by people who knew him well. Shore's representative in the U.S. Congress. mitting herewith the financial report for The sincerity of the sentiments shows A Republican in a heavly populated Demo­ insertion into the REcORD. Henceforth, once again just how great a man Rog crat district, Morton in his last bid for the the Congressional Textile Caucus will Morton really was. position won reelection by the second high­ make this information available to the The comments follows: est GOP margin in the nation. full House of Representatives on a quar­ He left that post shortly after he was (From the Salisbury (Md.) Times, reelected to his fifth term to become secre­ terly basis. The report is as follows: Apr. 20, 1979] tary of the Interior under Former President CONGRESSIONAL TEXTILE CAUCUS ADMmERS ON SHORE PRAISE MORTON Nixon. Later he became commerce secretary FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE CONGRESSIONAL TEX­ (By Tom Leonard) under former President Ford. TILE CAUCUS: QUARTERLY STATEMENT OF EX­ Eastern Sharemen, both Democrat andRe­ On the Eastern Sho , Morton was known PENSES AND FUND BALANCE publican, today expressed their sorrow upon simply as "Rog" to his thousands of friends. State of expenses-March learning of the death of former Republican A conservative by nature representing a con­ servative district, Morton was able to cross Salaries ------$5, 000.00 Congressman and Secretary of the Interior Rogers C. B. Morton of Easton. party lines easily. Travel ------0 He was one of those types of personalities Stationery ------123.73 Former Gov. J. Millard Tawes, a Democrat who was long associated with Morton, said who you couldn't help but like and admire Telephone ------62.70 even if you disagreed with his political posi­ Publications ------307.00 that their association was on the "personal" as well as political level. Tawes called Mor­ tion. Equipment ------0 Eastern Shoremen can easily recall that Miscellaneous ------0 ton a "very fine, progressive citizen of the Eastern Shore," saying that the State had "Rogers C. B. Morton smile." It was instant Total Expenses______5, 493.43 lost "a fine citizen and a good friend." and it was real. His friends were important Democrat State Sen. Joseph J. Long of to him and once he met a new one he never Fund balance Salisbury expressed "a lot of admiration for forgot his or her name. Total revenues (clerk hire and the man." Long said that he believed Morton Rag Morton had gone into semi-retirement membership dues)------$11, 300.00 had "helped improve the stature of the at his farm near Easton a few years ago Shore." because of illness. He loved his out-of-the­ Less expenses Community leader Avery W. Hall of Salis­ way farm outside Easton. The old estate is January ------$ 1.00 bury, a Republican, said that he "didn't called Presqu'ile. In French it means "almost February ------0 know of anything (he) would question about an island" and it was a special retreat from March ------5, 493.43 Morton's desire to do good." "Morton," he the business of Washington that Rog Mor­ said, "was not only big in size, but in stature ton loved. Francis Scott Key had once lived Total Caucus Expenses______5, 494.43 as well." in the home which was built in 1795. Unexpended Revenues ______$5, 805.57 Blan Harcum, chairman of the Wicomico Although he used to brag that the C. B. County Republican State Central Commit­ in the middle of his name stood for Chesa­ CONGRESSIONAL TEXTILE CAUCUS MEMBERS tee, said that he was "naturally saddened peake Bay-one of his pet projects was the WHO HAVE PAID DUES As OF MARCH 13, 1979 by Morton's passing." The local party leader preservation of tre bay-he had been named W. G. Hefner, John J. Rhodes, Fernand J. said that Morton "did a lot for his patry Rogers Clark Ballard Morton. He was named StGermain, Robert A. Roe, Trent Lott, G. V. as well as the country." in honor of a great uncle, Gen. George Rogers Montgomery, Margaret M. Heckler, Ed Jenk­ The retired editor of the Daily Times, Clark of the Continental Army. Ballard was ins, Charles S. Rose, Tom Bevlll, Robert S. Richard L. Moore, called Morton "one of the his mother's maiden name and the name he Walker, Dan Daniel, John J. Duncan, Lamar great public servants of his time." Moore and his brother had used when they began said that Morton's imposing size made him selling Ballard biscuits. Their firm was Gudger, Frederick W. Richmond, James C. merged with Plllsbury and Rog Morton Cleveland, Paul Simon, Sam B. Hall, Jr., "easily recognizable." Floyd Spence, Blll Nichols, Elwood Hillis, Republican David A. Grier, a former City moved to the Eastern Shore of Maryland to raise cattle. Shoremen called on him to rep­ Stephen Neal, J. William Stanton, Gary A. and County Councilman, was the campaign resent them in Washington in 1962. Lee, James G. Martin, J. Kenneth Robinson, manager for Wicomico County when Morton L. H. Fountain, James T . Broyhlll, E. G. first ran for Congress. Calling Morton "a Rog was once asked how he felt about Shuster, Jack Edwards, Michael Myers, great person and a very able congressman," being a U.S. Congressman and he said "It's Charles Whitley, Butler Derrick, Richard C. Grier expressed the belief that Morton great ... but frustrating!" Great because Shelby, M. Caldwell Butler, Robert Duncan, "would have gone farther in national gov­ of the opportunity to aid his fellow man Ronnie F. Flippo, Matthew J. Rinaldo, Mari­ ernment," had it not been for his health and frustrating because of the maze he found lyn Lloyd Bouquard, Ken Holland, Billy Lee problems. in the Capitol. Evans, Carroll A. Campbell, Jr., William L "A true friend of the Eastern Shore," was His tall frame-he was six feet, seven Dickinson, Barbara Mikulski, Harold C. Hol­ Del. Lewis R. Riley's summation of Morton's inches-was a welcomed sight as he visited lenbeck, Norman E. D'Amours, Ike F . An­ political contribution. about the district. drews, Geraldine A. Ferraro, Edward J. Pat­ Joan Truitt, Democratic State Central We are saddened to hear of his death. We ten. Committee chairman for Wicomico County, are glad that we knew him. Our condolences June 4, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13311 go out to his wife, Anne, and his children, with his friend and neighbor, Peter 0. Hers­ [From the Chestertown (Md.) Kent County David and Anne. The Shore will be forever loft', who said, "We will all miss him very News, Apr. 25, 1979] grateful for his service. He represented some­ much in the business, the community and THE MORTON STYLE thing good in government that is seldom the country." Rep. Robert E. Bauman (R-First) recorded Rogers C. B. Mocton was a great big bear seen. of a man with a white thatch of hair as a special taper message over the telephone white as snow. (From the Cambridge (Md.) Banner, from the Peoples Republic of China to his Washington office, expressing his grief and When he died Thursday at his home in Apr. 23, 1979] Talbot County it came as no surprise to ROGERS MORTON extolling the work Morton did for his country and his nation. "He was the kind of man it many. For you see, Rogers C. B. Morton was Eastern Shoremen knew Rogers Morton as would be impossible to replace," he said. fighting the big C-"Cancer." a good and kind friend. That line ran Mathias saluted Morton's concern for the It was even a fight a great big bea.r of a through the reminiscences of Shoremen who environment and work as a conservationist. man could not win. It tells us much 1n our were shocked by his death last Thursday. "He wanted to conserve the things that are battle to conquer this terrible disease. One of our memories of the tall Talbot threatened by the advances in modern life­ The Editor of this newspaper first met Mr. Countian dates back to a day when he was the best of nature. The Chesapeake Bay is a Morton 15 years ago when he was campaign­ giving serious thought to running for Con­ good example. To the extent that the Bay is ing on the Eastern Shore. It was a dark, ch1lly gress and had come to the office to talk better today than when he began his work­ morning at Hubbard's Pier in Rock Hall about the choice of a Dorchester Countian that really is a monument to Rog Morton." when Mwryland's 1st District Congressman to serve as his man Friday. Dressed in work­ Mathias described trips with Morton. "On stretched his legs from a long ride in a ing man's clothes and with his hair unruly, occasion the two of us would fly in his single Volkswagon campaign bus. He talked that he looked like a shaggy bear. Later he slicked engine plane up and down the Eastern morning with Bayside wa.termen. He wanted up a bit as his career pointed toward Wash­ Shore, and when we would land in one of to be there before they were "on the water." ington but his personal warmth never cooled. the towns of the Eastern Shore you could Later that day it was the same with farmer, Rogers Morton in washington was a man see the faces of people light up when his with businessman, with housewife, govern­ of integrity in a sea of intrigue. None of plane came into view, when they heard his ment worker, man-on-the-street, woman-in­ the scandals which touched other high­ laugh and saw the twinkle in his eye. the-supermarket. That was the Rogers Mor­ placed Republicans touched him. He served "The kind of joy in life that was Rog Mor­ ton style. capably as national party chairman before ton's would be reflected in their faces." We missed Mr. Morton in later years. He being named a catiinet officer by two Presi­ Former Senator J. Glenn Beall, Jr. also went on to greater heights-floor manager dents. If cancer had not struck, he might saw Morton's appearance as the clue to his at the 1968 Republican Convention, GOP have come out of retirement to run for gov­ personality. "When he came into the room, National Chairman, Secretary of Interior, ernor. But the burden of two decades in he dominated it. He had a personality to Secretary of Commerce. His mness brought federal service added to deteriorating health match. He was a large person in intellect, him back to Chesapeake Bay Country. forced an end to his career. in his capacity for understanding people He made boats then. What a. better wa.y­ Rogers Morton has left two monuments and in his compassion," Beall told the Asso­ than making boats. on the Eastern Shore. To the north, the ciated Press. Rogers C. B. Morton was a great leader. A Chesapeake Bay Model symbolizes his deep Rutledge TUrner, a Dorchester County Re­ great big bear of a man with a white thatch commitment to the bay. To the east, Assa­ publican, said, when he heard of Morton's of snow. A man who knew how to live-and tague National Seashore owes its existence death, "I think I lost a good friend, a good a man who knew how to face death grace­ to him as much as to any single individual. Eastern Shoreman." fully. Each is a part of his legacy to the people of Jane Hanks, former chairman of the Tal­ the state and natitn. Eastern Shoremen bot county State Central Committee and (From the Centreville (Md.) Queen Anne's mourn his loss as a friend who was steady, former president of the Maryland Federation Journal, Apr. 26, 1979] dependable, warm and open. of Republican Women, remembered Morton LoOK.IN' .AROUND as an outstanding Republican leader in the (By Dan Tabler) [From the Easton (Md.) Star Democrat, area, a loss to the Republican party, and a Apr. 20, 1979] very popular person on the Eastern Shore. Rog Morton was a friend of mine and I FRIENDS RECALL MORTON AS COMPASSIONATE Photographer and painter Laird Wise, who feel a deep personal loss at his death. MAN photographed Morton on a number of oc­ A lot of people can say that because he was that kind of a guy. He had the friendliness (By Liz Bowie) casions, said Morton was "one of the nicest guys you would ever want to know. He was associated with the folks in our "Land of EASTON .-Friends and political associates a very personal man-close to the people. Pleasant Living" but was at the same time, of Rogers C. B. Morton describe him first as a Every time I ever did something he would an important figure in national politics. human, compassionate man. In the words of thank me." Senator Mac Mathias was quoted as saying Sen. Charles McC. Mathias (R-Md), Morton Wise said he remembered a time when he that Morton "was so human, he made gov­ was a man who "was so human that he made sent Morton a get well card, "and Morton ernment seem human to the people," and government itself seem human to people." sat down and wrote me a note to thank me. with that I concur. Rogers C. B. Morton, Republican Congress­ Now have you ever known someone to do There was no formal eulogy at the funeral man for eight years from the Eastern Shore that?" Saturday in Easton and it is just the way and Presidential cabinet member, died of Rog would have wanted it. cancer Thursday afternoon at his home near (From the Denton (Md.) Caroline County But it did not stop that outpouring of the East Wye River. Journal, Apr. 25, 1979] heartfelt expressions from friends, neigh­ Friends of Morton remember him for his RoG MORTON bors, state and national figures following his association with the Eastern Shore as much There was, one reporter noted, no eulogy death by cancer last Thursday. He was a as his leadership in the House of Representa­ giant in more ways than one. tives, or for his services as Secretary of the contained in the funeral service held for Interior and Secretary of Commerce. Rogers C. B. Morton, Saturday. Rog Morton meant something more to me The truth of the matter is, none was than the average newspaperman because he Judge Thomas Hunter Lowe said he re­ needed, for if any public figure ever made offered me a job and I sometimes wonder membered Morton walking down the streets a. review of his credits unnecessary, it was he. what might have happened if I had accepted. of St. Michaels one day yelling, "Hey Tom, I His service to the people of his beloved It was back in 1962 when he first ran for voted for you!" Eastern Shore as a congressman and later Congress that I had a chance to go with him "He and I were in different parties, but to all Americans as a cabinet member and in a public relations capacity. The Good Wife oddly enough, we were friends," said Lowe. advisor to presidents constitutes a record and I talked it over and I did some soul­ A Queen Anne's politician, Vernon "Tex" which is exceeded only by the personal in­ searching and decided I was better suited Sultenfuss, a county commissioner, said, "He tegrity of the man himself. as a country newspaper editor than as a was a real fine man, one of the most unselfish Although his services were performed at political writer. I never regretted my deci­ men in politics. He always made sure every­ a time when government was tainted with sion, but always appreciated the confidence one had a piece of the pie, and I think that's unprecedented scandals, he came through Rog had in my writing abilities. why he was so popular." it all without being touched by anything Sitting on my desk at home is a. framed Mary Walkup, a county commissioner in suspect. In doing so, he earned the respect of portrait Rog sent me after he had been Kent County who worked on his campaigns not only his own political party but that of named Commerce Secretary. It is inscribed: as a "Mortonette" and an organizer of his the loyal opposition. "To Dan Tabler. a great newspaperman, but bull roasts, said, "Few people we come across Knowing Rog Morton was a rare privilege. an even greater friend." have his abilities and particularly his will­ Of all the things which might be said of I'll not attempt to add more tributes to ingness to give his abilities." him is the fact that in spite of his successes those heaped on the big man from Talbot After retiring to the Eastern Shore, Morton and station in life, he never lost the common County. Suffice to say, I feel fortuna.te to devoted much of his time to building boats touch. have had Rog Morton as a. personal friend. 13312 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1979 COMMENTS ON RoGERS MORTON BY WBOC-TV­ Although his Congressional district was "He lived here. He hunted. He farmed here. RADIO, SALISBURY, MD. mostly conservative, Mr. Morton sought as He loved the land." Just 9 days ago, Eastern Sharemen, state GOP national chairman, to make the party and national dignitaries, paid their last re­ "massively involved with millions of young [From the Baltimore Evening Sun, Apr. 20, spects to Rogers C. B. Morton ... a politi­ people.... black people . ... poor people." 1979) Mr. Morton loved his estate on Wye River, cian of the highest order ... untouched by A BIG MAN for he was an outdoorsman which served him scandal. He served us for many years in Where the Republican party needs more Congress . . . became chairman of the Re­ well as Secretary of the Interior. As one ob­ server put it, "He brought a breath of fresh Rogers C. B. Mortons, it now has one fewer, publican National Committee, served in two which is too bad-and not just for the Re­ cabinet positions. Instrumental in making air to the Interior Department." Mr. Morton as Congressman from the First publicans. It's too bad generally because, In Assateaugue a National Seashore, he also some of the nation's darkest years, he was pushed for the Alaska Pipeline . . . selling District, started the tradition of an annual bull roast each summer to raise funds for the a force at once for stab111ty and !or for­ of oil leases off the east coast . . . oil shale ward motion. What remarkable sort or man development and establishment of a Depart­ Republican Party and to provide an event for his friends and constituents to socialize and was this? ment of Energy. Physically, he was enoromous and bear­ Who knows what power he might have talk politics .... That tradition is still per­ petuated by his latest successor Congress­ like and overpowering. Personally, he was had in state government had his health per­ quick and perceptive, amiable and coura­ mitted him to stay in politics. With all of man Bob Bauman. George Bush, former head of the CIA and geous. Philosophically, he was broad-based his political attributes, he had a fantastic and pragmatic, as conservative on fiscal ques­ ability to make friends, across all political now a Presidential candidate, offered a per­ ceptive description of Mr. Morton who was a tions as he was advanced on social enter­ spectrums. The Eastern Shore has lost a prises. As to his natural leadership, a little good man ... perhaps even a great one. 6-foot-6, 225-pound "giant of a man." Said Mr. Bush, "Because of his great stat­ history helps. Dut for those of us who were privileged to Here came this hulking stranger from Ken­ know him on a first name basis for many ure, he was a friendly giant who felt as com­ fortable in the presence of presidents as he tucky after World War II and set up, un­ years ... we have lost a friend ... and did with the working men and women of the invited, as a cattleman in Maryland's most that is how we will remember him. Eastern Shore of Maryland who were his suspicious, most eastern corner. And yet the chemistry was right. Only ten years later he (From the Baltimore News American, Apr. 20, friends and neighbors." We extend our sincere sympathies to Mr. had so marinated himself in Shareman's 1979) Morton's family in the death of their loved ways that he was chosen to speak In the A BIG Loss-ROGERS C. B. MORTON WAS DEDI­ one and join thousands of his friends who House in Washington for his adopted home­ CATED TO MARYLAND mourn the passing of an outstanding human folk. Rogers Morton was on his way. It was not only because his middle initials being. Republican leaders quickly spotted him­ were C. B. that friends of Rogers Clark Bal­ who could miss a man standing six feet, lard Morton often referred to him as "Chesa­ (From the Baltimore News American, Apr. 20, seven?-and enlisted his easy, aw-shucks peake Bay" Morton. It was also a tribute to warmth. To his private consternation, though 1979] never to this personal shame, he found him­ his deep interest in the Bay and his long MORTON: "MORE THAN A CONGRESSMAN" efforts to protect it. self serving in Richard Nixon's cabinet, then And though the Bay was one of his special (By John Aloysius Farrell) Gerald Ford's. Always. he sought to pull in projects, the ex-Congressman who died LONGWOODS, Mo.-Mrs. Lloyd Gootee had with Republicans the letouts-the young, Thursday also was active in almost every­ picked up her children and was heading the black, the poor. Roger Morton left the thing else which, in his opinion, would bene­ home to their small, dusty farm when she party larger, indeed larger than some there fl. t Maryland. stopped to talk about Rogers C.B. Morton­ wanted it to be. He p nted out the right He came to this state after a succe3sful congressman, Cabinet member, adviser to direction, whether or not the GOP is wise business career elsewhere and settled on an presidents and a neighbor in this sleepy enough to follow.e estate on the Eastern Shore. Wealthy, ener­ Eastern Shore community. getic, tall and massive, he quickly became a "My daddy knowed him," she said, after leading citizen in the community and was word of Morton's death filtered through the elected to Congress. There, he achieved im­ Talbot County countryside Thursday after­ VIETNAM VETERANS' WEEK portance that led to his appointment as noon. Secretary of the Interior, then Secretary of "They was friends, as he didn't live too far Commerce in the President's cabinet. A away and all. He was a big man and a. great HON. MARY ROSE OAKAR staunch Republican, he was selected to head man, too. He was more than just a congress­ OF OHIO t.he Republican National Committee. man. You always felt he was somebody you IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Morton was one of the few Marylanders could talk to." who became an important figure on the na­ n was here, in the big white house on the Monday, June 4, 1979 tional political scene. Upon his retirement, banks of the East Wye River, that Rogers e Ms. OAKAR. Mr. Speaker, last week, which was partially caused by his illness, he Morton succumbed to the cance-r he had resumed his ernest, though necessarily less fought for nine years. May 28-June 3, was set aside by the active, interest in the affairs of the state that It is here he will be buried on Saturday President and the Congress as Vietnam he adopted and loved. afternoon, in the Old Wye Cemetery in Wye Veterans' Week. During this week Ameri­ Several times in recent years he was urged Mllls, in a spot he chose. Services will be held cans honored those veterans who served to become the Republican candidate for at 3 p.m. SSiturday at the Christ Episcopal our country in an unpopular war. This Governor. So well was he regarded by Mary­ Church in Easton. is an important step in the direction of landers of both parties that he might well The tributes came from across the state providing full benefits to all Vietnam have won but he preferred to live the placid and country for the man who served as sec­ veterans. life of an Eas ·ern Shore estate owner. retary of commerce, secretary of the interior, The death )f Rogers "Chesapeake Bay" Republican national chairman, U.S. con­ We cannot erase our neglect of the Morton removes from our midst a man who gressman and friend to two presidents. Vietnam veteran by words alone. For too served Maryland and the nation to the best For the price of a phone call to Palm long the men and women who carried of his very subE tantial ab111tities. Springs, Calif., you could hear a secretary this Nation's burden in Southeast Asia read former President Gerald Ford's eulogy: were made to feel ashamed of their serv­ [From the Elkt on (Md.) Cecil Democrat, Apr. "Rag Morton was one of the most d.ecent, ice. Many still suffer deep psychological 25, 1969] honest, considerate, unselfish and lovable as well as physical wounds from the ef­ ROGERS C. B. MORTON-AN HONORABLE MAN persons I have ever known. One of Maryland's most honorable men, "He gave so much and expected nothing fects of the war from the rejection of Rogers C. B. Morton, died last Thursday at but friendship. The nation has lost a real their countrymen. Some veterans have his home near Easton. A victim of cancer, man." been denied job opportunities and the Mr. Morton was only 64 years old. In San Clemente, Calif., former President chance to attain job skills. The benefits His untimely death brought to a close a Richard Nixon said, "His quiet courage in his available to Vietnam veterans are simply career of public service that any man could long battle against cancer was an inspira­ not as extensive as those available to the be proud of. tion to all of us." veterans of World War II or Korea. This He served as a. Cabinet secretary for two But the loss was marked, too, in places sad record must be reversed. Presidents of the United States, represented like Easton, Cambridge and Longwoods. It I am happy to say, Mr. Speaker, that his constituency in Congress for five terms was here, in Maryland's tidewater country, (the First District which includes Cecil that Morton found a. real home. upon being elected to Congress, the first County), and was national chairman of the "He adored this area .. . he loved it," said piece of legislation that I sponsored was Republican Party. friend, neighbor and boat-building partner the Vietnam Veterans Adjustment Act. Rogers Morton's reputation for integrity Peter Hersloff, as the hawks gently circled Aspects of this legislation became part was recognized by friend and foe alike. His the fiat, freshly tilled fields around Morton's of the Comprehensive Education and word was his bond. home. Training Act Amendments of 1978. The June 4, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13313 law directs that a portion of the public HISTORY OF THE OXFORD TO­ USDA agreed to furnish a trained man and BACCO RESEARCH LABORATORY his expenses and the NCDA agreed to pay all funds under the CETA program are to land rentals, labor, and fertilizer bills. Under be used to train Vietnam veterans for this agreement, the late Eugene G. Moss, jobs. HON. L. H. FOUNTAIN operating out of his home near Wilton, Initi­ This law is only a start toward the ated work with fertllizer experiments In 1910. goal of providing every Vietnam vet with OF NORTH CAROLINA In 1911, the State of North Carolina rented a job. Vietnam Veterans' Week will only IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the land that is presently the nucleus of the achieve its objective if the Congress takes Monday, June 4, 1979 Oxford Tobacco Research Station from direct action to finally provide the vet­ Granvllle County. At that time it was a part e Mr. FOUNTAIN. Mr. Speaker, with of the Granville County Home. In 1912, 250 eran of this unpopular war with all of acres of this land was sold to the N.C. De­ the benefits to which he or she is en­ the myriad of unresolved questions sur­ rounding the smoking and health con­ partment of Agriculture. As superintendent titled.• of the Oxford Station, Moss eventually be­ troversy, vital tobacco production and came director of virtually all tobacco ex­ health-related research are all the more perimental work in North Carolina. Under VIETNAM VETERANS WEEK important. For example, over 600,000 his aggressive leadership, experiments were farm families nationwide earn their liv­ conducted in many localties in the State. HON. J. J. PICKLE ing from tobacco. Taxes on tobacco A dwelling for the superintendent was products alone contribute over $6 billion constructed in 1912 and his office was located OF TEXAS annually to Federal, State, and local gov­ in this house until 1920 when a small office IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and laboratory building was constructed. ernments. The reputation of the station was growing Monday, June 4, 1979 The Oxford Tobacco Research Lab­ by 1921 and thousands of visitors came each • Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, when those oratory, situated in my district in Gran­ year to see the work in progress and for help of us who fought in World War II re­ ville County, N.C., has an excellent and with tobacco problems. The station provided long-standing worldwide reputation for a tobacco seed cleaning service for farmers turned home at the end of that conflict, and kept a registered Jersey bull for service we were greeted with the open arms of valuable research into several aspects of tobacco production, including: in the community. A small herd of Berkshire our country. There were parades and par­ hogs was maintained to determine cost and ties. A uniform was a ticket to instant Breeding tobacco with lower tar and returns and to furnish breeding stock to lo­ respect from any and all Americans. nicotine content; cal farmers. When those Americans who fought in Altering any of tobacco's chemical On July 1, 1935, the USDA established an Vietnam returned home from that war, constituents which might be health office and laboratory at the station to study hazards; control methods for tobacco insects includ­ their reception was as different as night ing flea bettles and hornworms. Mr. W. A. from day. Instead of being greeted with Extracting pure protein from tobacco, with a potential for feeding millions of Shands was the first leader of this program parades and marching bands, they were and was in charge until1940. greeted with silence and suspicion. Rather the world's hungry by the year 2000; During 1938, the station received increased than seeking respect that they knew Biological control of disease and in­ support for the research program. The U.S. would not be there, they took off their sects in tobacco production; Congress appropriated funds for an office and uniforms and quietly folded them away. Efficient production of tobacco, and laboratory building, greenhouses, and a ga­ Now that the Vietnam war is a part production of a safer product; rage to be used by USDA and NCDA tobacco Homogenized leaf curling, a process specialists. The State of North Carolina of our past, maybe Americans are begin­ deeded 4.69 acres of land to the USDA for ning to be able to confront what that by which chemicals can be added to or the location of these buildings. Upon com­ war meant to this country. Maybe we are taken out of tobacco. pletion of these structures, the station was now able to stand up and give the veter­ Mr. Speaker, the Oxford Tobacco Re­ recognized as the largest tobacco research ans of that war-no less noble men than search Laboratory is an enterprise fund­ station in the nation. those who fought in Europe, in the Pa­ ed jointly by the North Carolina De­ An additional 80 acres of land was pur­ partment of Agriculture and the U.S. chased in 1941 by the N.C. Department of cific and in north Africa-a measure of Agriculture, bringing the station total to 330 the respect that they deserve for going Department of Agriculture. An excellent acres. In later years approximately 55 acres off to fight a war that became a night­ history of 69 fruitful years of tobacco were sold for development of industrial com­ mare for us. research at Oxford was recently pub­ plexes near Oxford. It is never an easy thing to go to war, lished in the Oxford Public Ledger, the On December 1, 1947, Mr. Moss retired as but a soldier who knows that his coun­ local newspaper. I commend this article Superintendent of the Oxford Station and to the attention of my colleagues: his duties were assumed by Mr. J. M. Carr. try is behind him and supports him all Under Mr. Carr's leadership an Engineering the way has a sense of purpose. There­ [From the Oxford Public Ledger, May 24, Laboratory was constructed in 1948 for fore, when a soldier goes off to fight a 1979] studying engineering phases of tobacco and war that has caused such controversy at TOBACCO RESEARCH PROGRAM BEGUN IN OXFORD for support of the other research programs. home that he believes few care about his IN 1910 Further expansion of the facllity did not service, his morale, and his spirit must The tobacco research program centered at occur until the period 1964-1968 when !our suffer terribly. Oxford was initiated in 1910 by one man new greenhouses and an insect rearing build­ operating out of his home on a small num­ ing were constructed. In 1964 one of the most Maybe because these men did fight ber of rented acres. Over the years, due to significant improvements at the station oc­ when their country called them to battle the coordinated efforts of the North Caro­ curred when the U.S. Congress appropriated in a war that was so hated, we do owe lina Department of Agriculture, the United funds for an additional building. This struc­ them a larger debt. It is time Americans States Department of Agriculture, and the ture was completed in 1969 but since this stood up and recognized that debt and North Carolina Agriculture Research Service time has been only partially staffed due to gave that thanks to them. This week, of N.C. State University, the Oxford Tobacco lack of funds. Research Station has grown to what has been On July 1, 1967, a significant change in or­ congressionally designated as "Vietnam ganization was made. Mr. J. M. Carr had been Veterans Week," is the fitting time to called the largest tobacco research station in the world. serving in the joint capacity of Station su­ wake up and begin to deal with the perintendent combined job and had become plight of our Vietnam veterans. GRASSROOTS BEGINNING too demanding on one individual, a superin­ For too long these veterans have had Tobacco farmers in Granville and Vance tendent, B. N. Ayscue, was employed by the counties played an important part in initiat­ N.C. Department of Agriculture and placed to bear the brunt of our national em­ ing scientific studies of tobacco problems. in charge of the physical operations of the barrassment about that conflict in South­ At a meeting of the Goodwyn Agricultural station including management of the field east Asia. Veterans Affairs Administrator Club in Granville County on March 26, 1870, research program. Mr. Carr then devoted his Max Cleland said: one of the members suggested that a labora­ full time to research and handling adminis­ I feel all Vietnam veterans have a certain tory be established primarily to test tobacco trative matters for the U.S. Department of hole in their soul that ... can only be healed fertmzers. On April 1, 1888, farmers of Vance Agriculture until 1968 when he retired. with special thanks. County met with the North Carolina Com­ Mr. Carr's duties were assumed by Dr. J. F. missioner of Agriculture for the purpose of Chaplin who presently serves as Director of It is too late for parades and march­ establishing an experiment station. the Tobacco Research Laboratory located at ing bands, but it is not too late for us as In 1910, a cooperative agreement for con­ the station. In 1973, C. R. Campbell assumed a nation to give them that special ducting tobacco research was reached be­ the duties of superintendent of the station. thanks--and not just for 1 day or one tween the U.S. Department o! Agriculture The station continued to grow with the congressionally designated week.• and the N.C. Department of Agriculture. The needs for tobacco research. In 1976, an addi- 13314 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1979 tional 38 acres of research land were pur­ fusarium wilt. NC-95 was the first root knot Tile nicotine to tar ratio is important. chased and in 1977 a new tobacco processing resistant variety to be developed and was People smoke for the nicotine yet it is gen­ laboratory was constructed for the purpose the basis for all subsequent varieties re­ erally believed that most of the harmful ef­ of studying tobacco processing and protein sistant to the disease. fect to the smoker is from the tar. Therefore, extraction. An additional greenhouse was Entomologists at the station have made a reasonable approach would be to lower the constructed for the purpose of rearing bene­ contributions in controlling tobacco insects. tar and have the nicotine remain constant. ficial tobacco insects presently being used in A massive insect rearing program has Results obtained show differences in the biological control studies in Bladen County. through the years supplied beneficial and tar-nicotine ratio in different tobaccos. N. c. Greenhouse space was also added in harmful insects for study by scientists all The world collection of Nicotiana species 1978 for germplasm maintenance. Tile Oxford over the world. A light trap program in the and tabacum germplam is maintained at the laboratory maintains a world collection of 1960's resulted in significant control of to­ laboratory which includes over 65 Nicotiana tobacco germplasm which is used by scien­ bacco insects in Granville County. Studies of species, 1,000 tobacco introductions and ap­ tist in the U.S. and throughout the world to the life cycle of various insects have led to proximately 350 cultivars. Tills material is improve tobacco varieties. In 1979, an addi­ further understanding of insects and to the available to scientists all over the world tional 89 acres were leased in order to supply development of biological control studies. who are interested in tobacco research and the future land requirements of the station. Significant discoveries have likewise been is needed in all breeding programs for chem­ In 1978, a critical period in the history of made in the areas of engineering. Dr. F. J. ically altering the plant. the station occurred. The Presidential budget Hassler and W. H. Johnson over 22 years ago Control of disease by use of pesticides submitted to Congress asked that the 1.1 mil­ worked at the Oxford station to study the that leave little or no residue and the use Uon dollars normally committed for Research potential !or forced air tobacco curing. In of methods that do not require the use of Laboratory be omitted from future fund­ just four years of work, the basic concept of pesticides are being investigated. Non­ ing. North Carolina farmers and the tobacco bulk tobacco curing was developed and in pathogenic isolates of the brown spot fungus, industry were astonished at this attempt to five more years the first bulk curing barn when applied to leaves of tobacco before close a fac111ty that had meant the continued was placed on a !arm in Roberson County, inoculation with the pathogenic strains of livelihood of farmers in North Carolina and N.C. Improved varieties have been developed the many people supported by the tobacco brown spot reduces the disease. This tech­ as a result of work by station scientists. In nique of inoculating plants with non­ industry. addition, further advances in curing methods Tile grass-roots support that was respon­ and energy saving techniques have been pathogenic strains of an organism to build sible for the origin of the station in 1912 developed. A new concept called close-grown up immunity in the plant has great poten­ again responded to this threat to a fac111ty tobacco production has been developed in tial for cont rolling plant diseases without that had contributed many-fold above oper­ response to attempts to utlllze a non-tobacco the use of pesticides. Tile basic information can be used in controlling diseases in other ating expenses to the economy of North Caro­ smoking material. Scientists feel that produc­ plants. lina. A massive effort by local leaders, state tion of tobacco at high plant populations and and national legislators, North Carolina ut111zation of the entire plant might be com­ Techniques have been developed to pro­ farmers and other organizations responded petitive with synthetics. duce plantlets of tobacco in large numbers. In 1968 (when the project was started) eight and had the funds restored in full. In 1979, TOBACCO RESEARCH LABORATORY--DMPORTANT an additional attempt to cut a portion of the plantlets were produced, now several thou­ CONTRIBUTION sand can be produced in a month. Tills tech­ funds for tobacco research at the station was One of the largest contributing factors to nique allows changes in the genetic make up launched but tobacco leaders are confident the past and continued success of the re­ of the plant to be made rapidly. Using old that these funds wlll again be reinstated. search station is the Tobacco Research Lab­ techniques it would take seven or more years RECORD OF SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTIONS oratory operated by the Science and Educa­ to change a plant genetically, however, with It is estimated that the annual expendi­ tion Administration of the U.S. Department the haploid technique plant with four levels tures for tobacco research at the Oxford sta­ of Agriculture. Ten scientists and their sup­ of nicotine were produced in two years. This tion have been returned to North Carolina port personnel are located at the laboratory. technique wlll be used to change tar content. farmers and other citizens many-fold. Re­ Equipment and fac111ties such as greenhouses The technique produces a pure line or true search activities have provided our farmers and growth chambers are available for all breeding entity in one generation. answers during critical periods and made types of the most sophisticated tobacco re­ Projects are underway to breed tobacco their continued success possible. search. Tile Research Laboratory program at with less suckers. Tilere is considerable con­ During the early years of development, Oxford and other research locations in North troversy at present over the use of Maleic research work dealt mainly with fert111zer Carolina is responsible for approximately Hydrazide on tobacco because of the residue requirements, cultural practices, and di­ one-fourth of the total tobacco research pro­ levels. While it may not be practical to elimi­ seases of tobacco. Work was also conducted grams in the State. nate suckers, data obtained to date indicate with small grain, corn, and grasses. Crop In the last few years the objectives of the that they can be reduced, therefore, if the rotation systems for areas infested with research, conducted at the laboratory have number of suckers are reduced the amount of Granville Wilt were developed, different va­ changed due to changing problems and times. chemicals used on tobacco could be reduced rieties were tested, and work was conducted At present the most pressing problems in thereby cutting down on the residue prob­ on the value of priming tobacco as compared ft.ue-cured tobacco production are those of lem. with stalk cutting. By 1921, a significant dis­ labor required to produce the crop and the A pale yellow flue-cured breeding line (NC covery had been made by Mr. Moss and his smoking and health issue. PY 10) was developed and released which associates. A condition of tobacco normally The primary objectives and some of the offers to reduce the number of harvest. In referred to as 'sand drowning' was found to recent accomplishments of the laboratory addition this line was shown to have 10-30 be caused by deficiency of the nutrient mag­ are: per cent less polynuclear aromatic hydro­ nesium. This deficiency at that time was a Breeding and developing varieties and carbons. The line also contains lower levels common problem with many crops through­ lines resistant to diseases and insects with of solanesol and sterols. Tilese constituents out the world so the discovery of corrective varying chemical and other quality char­ are suspected of contributing toward health measures had global impact. acteristics. Tile inheritance of nicotine levels hazards in tobacco smoke. In the 1930's breeding work was initiated in fiue-cured tobacco were determined and Development of insect reslstan t tobacco to develop a variety with resistance to Gran­ based on the research. A low nicotine flue­ varieties is an alternate to the use of insecti­ ville Wilt which was a major threat to the cured line (LAFC 53) was developed and cides. Resistance to the tobacco bud­ entire tobacco industry. In 1932, a simllar released. This line has a nicotine level of worm has been identified in a line TI 1112. variety development program was initiated 0.2 percent as compared with normal culti­ This line does not have glands on the leaves. to conquer another major disease, black vars of about 2.5-3.0 percent and has good The lack of glands causes the tobacco leaves shank. In 1943, Oxford 1, resistant to black smoking qualities. not to have gum. We are in the process of shank, was released by station scientist, Mr. Polyphenols are a group of chemicals in determining what effect the absence of gum J. F. Bullock, and was the first tobacco tobacco which are suspected of being a on the leaf may have on the amount of tar. health hazard. The common varieties, as It was found that the spined stiltbug de­ variety to have bred-in resistance to a dis­ stroys hornworm and budworm eggs. A large ease. In 1945, the variety Oxford 26, devel­ well as the germplasm collection were sur­ veyed for this constituent and two fold dif­ scale pilot test is underway to test the prac­ oped by Dr. Tom Smith, was released and ticality of using stlltbugs to control these was the first tobacco variety in the world to ferences were found. A breeding program pests. Tile project began in 1978 and wlll carry Granville Wilt resistance. was begun to change the levels of this continue for three years. Tills is an alternate By now the station h81d become world chemical in the leaf. method of controlling insects which reduces known for excellence in tobacco research ef­ A smoking laboratory has been completed the residues from pesticides. forts and was looked upon as a leader in the where TPM (tar) and nicotine can be meas­ Homogenized leaf curing (HLC) of flue­ industry. The contributions continued and ured. In testing the germplasm for "tar" cured tobacco is being investigated at the in 1953 Dixie Bright 101 and 102 were de­ content, two fold differences were found. laboratory. This process involves homogeniz­ veloped and carried resistance to both Gran­ Lines with low tar have been identified and ing the green tobacco and an accelerated vllle Wilt, black shank. Later, under the a breeding program begun to reduce the tar curing method. The tobacco can then be leadership of Dr. E. L. Moore, NC-95 was re­ content. The reduction of tar in tobacco dried and made into sheet and cigarettes. leased which carried resistance to Granvllle through genetic, production, and curing Tile tobacco made by this process has been Wilt, black shank, root knot nematode and practices is a high priority research item. shown to have lower biological activity. Also June 4, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13315 involved in this process is the extraction of had a seriously disturbing effect on the REINVENTING TV FOR THE 1980's protein. The recovery of protein on a rather morale of international civil service fam­ large scale has been demonstrated at the Ox­ ilies in the United States. My bill would ford Laboratory. The protein can be obtained correct this inequitable situation. HON. TIMOTHY E. WIRTH in a pure form from tobacco which is the This bill would confer special immi­ OF COLORADO only green plant known where this can be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES accomplished. grant status to certain retired employees Contributions from the laboratory con­ of international organizations, to the Monday, June 4, 1979 tinue to be important, not only to Nortn surviving spouses of certain deceased in­ Carolina but to all of the tobacco growing ternational orga.nization employees and • Mr. WIRTH. Mr. Speaker, the House areas of the United States. to certain children of international or­ Subcommittee on Communications is en­ gaged in the redrafting of our Nation's THE RESEARCH PROGRAM TODAY ganization employees. On.::e deemed a special immigrant, the subject would communications laws, the Communica­ Today the research program has broadened tions Act of 1934. This ha.s been an ex­ to encompass every major area of tobacco merely have to apply for a change of research. Projects presently underway in­ status to permanent status. This can be tremely arduous task, and Chairman volve plant breeding, soil fertility, plant done without leaving the country and VAN DEERLIN has done an admirable job physiology, entomology, weed control, engi­ he or she would not be counted against raising the issues which we must all neering, biochemistry, and variety testing. their country's quota limitations. The address. Important results wm likely come from all only stipulation is that the applicant One of the central questions facing the of these studies. More than twenty-five scien­ must have resided in the United States subcommittee is the role of Federal reg­ tists are served annually by the field staff at ulation over radio and television broad­ the research station. More than 10,000 re­ for 5 years prior to filing the applica­ tion. c':l.sting. Mr. Tom Shales of the Wash­ search plots are processed annually. In addi­ ington Post has written a provocative tion, over ten acres are involved in tobacco Efforts to find an administrative solu­ mechanization and curing work. In total, the tion to this problem have not been suc­ article taking one side of this compli­ annual tobacco research program involves cessful. For both humanitarian and cated subject. I commend it to the atten­ approximately 60 acres. other sound reasons I urge my colleagues tion of my colleagues. The investment at the Oxford facility is to support this bill.e Playboy or Blueboy of television. There three television networks were down 7.9 per­ is no Pacifica radio of television. There is no cent in 1978 to a measly $373.5 million. Of National Review of television. There is no course, the year before, those profits were ONCE IN A WHILE WE HAVE TO PUT Rolling Stone of television. There is no $406.1 million, a 37.4 percent increase over A PRINCIPLE BEFORE A BUCK Ebony of television. 1976. Each network is allowed to own and I! American magazines were like Ameri­ operate five television stations, and these ac­ can television, there would only be one counted for pre-tax profits to them in 1978 HON. JOSEPH L. FISHER magazine in America: The Reader's Digest. of $186.3 million, up 25 percent from 1977. OF VIRGINIA Or maybe TV Guide. These fabulous amounts of money are gen­ Cable could provide alternatives for people erated by a one-way system that is responsive IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES now ignored by television or who watch not so much to the needs and desires of the Monday, June 4, 1979 what's available with growing dismay and a American people, but to the unchallenged resignation bordering on self -con tempt. If gospel dictated by a Nielsen computer in • Mr. FISHER. Mr. Speaker, as you cable is allowed to grow laissez jaire and if Dunedin, Fla. This computer runs American know, Congressman JEFFORDS and I have broadcast television is made more respon­ television. introduced the Beverage Container Reuse sible to the mass audience, TV, as we know Instead of investigating new ways for and Recycling Act of 1979, calling for a it, could be the mainstream medium and broadcasters to evade their public obliga­ nationwide refundable deposit system for cable, the minority medium. Then our sys­ tions, Congress should consider additional tem of communications would be what our carbonated beverages. regulation to make television both more re­ This is not a new concept. Seven States system of government is supposed to be: sponsive and more representative. The tele­ majority rule with protection of minority vision industry has proven now that its own have already enacted related laws and a interests. self-policing organization, the National As­ number of other States have the issue on Network and local TV news virtually and sociation of Broadcasters, is incapable of de­ their legislative agenda. However, the suspiciously never cover this kind of com­ vising, much less enforcing, rules to deal beer, malt liquor, and soft drink indus­ munications issue, so most people don't even with the excessive number of commercials tries, with notable exceptions, continue know there is a Communications Act of 1934, and promotional announcements-the clut­ to resist this important initiative. In much less a proposed rewrite of it that could ter that makes much television truly un­ view of the demonstrable energy and en­ disenfranchise them for good. Now, however, watchable-and so it is time for the FCC to a new subculture of media-wise activiats is vironmental benefits that are derived consider rulemaking along these lines. from a refundable deposit program, now emerging in this country, and though many It also is clear that children's program­ of the groups involved in it are wearing the ming is going to remain almost entirely a is the time for industry to speak out. blinders of self-interest, together they may diet of junk food unless some sort of re­ A vivid illustration of industry leader­ be able to challenge the intimidating clout quirement is imposed on stations to air a ship can be found in the following quote that broadcasters have over Congress and the certain amount of positive, educational pro­ from a letter I received recently: White House and just about everybody else gramming weekly, and for once and for all, It seems to me that once in a while we have but the pope. Nicholas Johnson, a former FCC commis­ children must be given special consideration to put principle before a buck. sioner and dedicated troublemaker for the when it comes to advertising, for they are now bombarded during children's viewing It is my privilege to introduce into the television industry, sees this subculture as a RECORD the entire letter: "coalition"-literally, in fact, since he helped hours with unfair and excessive appeals to form the Coalition for Public Rights in their sweet teeth and materialistic urges. WASHINGTON, D.C., Broadcasting (CPRB) , an umbrella for Such regulations have nothing to do with April 12, 1979. "dozens" of groups with diverse but specific the First Amendment or freedom of speech. Re: Beverage Container Recycling Legisla- stakes in the future uses of television. They are a form of zoning-much the way tion. Johnson, who now heads the National Citi­ cities zone certain neighborhoods for resi­ Hon. JOSEPH L. FISHER, zens Communications Lobby, says coalition dences or busines!:es. Hours of the broadcast U.S. House of Representatives, groups range from the United Steelworkers day could be zoned as well; the precedent Cannon House Office Building, to the American Federation of Teachers to has already been established by the Seven Washington, D.C. the Friends of the Earth to the National Dirty W-ords decision of the Supreme Court. DEAR CONGRESSMAN FISHER : Please knoW Coalition of American Nuns. Representatives It was a ghastly and thick-headed decision, 'chat this company, the nation's largest stock and yet it may make certain substantive exchange listed Pepsi-Cola producer, fully of the Screen Actors Guild, the United Auto supports your bill designed to encourage re­ Workers and the National Organization for broadcast reforms possible, because it sup­ ports the idea that children are a specialized cycling of beverage containers by requiring Women are among those sitting on the steer­ a refundable deposit of at least five cents. ing committee. (The CPRB's address is Box audience that should be treated differently 19101, Washington, D.C. 20036.) than adults. :I realize that our company is not in our "The way broadcasters look at it," says Meanwhile, cable is the pie of which every­ industry majority in support of this legisla­ Johnson, "is that there should be no limita­ one under the sun wants a piece. Whether tion, but we believe it is in the best interest tion on their opportunity to profit-maximize there will be enough to go around remains of the American consumer, and in the long every minute of every hour of every broad­ to be seen, but the most crucial asT>ects of run will be in the best interests of our in­ cast day. That is simply unacceptable. Vir­ cable are fairly evident. Some cable channels dustry. tually every civilized democratic society has must be kept open for public access, and We are Pepsi-Cola producers and market­ recognized that broadcasting is something cable system oueration must be kept out of ers in New York State and North Carolina, heavily invested with social interest; it's like the hands of the same old Hollywood produc­ and have observed extraordinary growth of schools and libraries and national parks and tion companies or massive media conglom­ throw-away containers in both of our areas. forests. And so to make it responsive, some erates that now control television. Producers We regard t.his as both detrimental to the of them have gone so far as to ban anything Hke Norman Lear and industry spokesmen environment and a waste of critical energy like the commercial broadcasting system we like Jack Valenti, president of the Motion and material resources. have here. Picture Association of America (MPAA), are It seems to me that once in a while we have "In this country, broadcasting is the so­ mostly worried that cable systems and su­ to put principle before a buck. ciety's cerebral cortex. It's replaced the con­ perstations won't pay them enough money Cordially yours, versation on the village green after Sunday for their programs. That would just be their ARTHUR W. ARUNDEL, church services or the handbills posted on tough luck. Far more worrisome is the no- Chairman of the Board.e June 4, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13317 FEDERAL INDIAN POLICY 3. What steps have been taken to encourage who sought no special subsidy-only equal cooperation between Indians and non­ opportunity for education, work, and respon­ Indians in their various states-in economic, sibil1ty to the law-as well as freedom to HON. JOSEPH L. FISHER social, and political activities? Very few worship in his own way. OF VIRGINIA Indian reservations or communities are self­ Sincerely, sufficient. Cooperation between the Indian THEODORE W. TAYLOR, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and non-Indian sectors would seem to be Former Deputy Commissioner of Indian Monday, June 4, 1979 imperative if there is to be a reduction in the Affairs, Department of the Interior.e federal subsidy, a stop to increasing Indian • Mr. FISHER. Mr. Speaker, the follow­ dependency, and an increase in Indian self­ ing is a letter from one of my constit­ sufficiency. 4. Has the fact that Indians are citizens of uents concerning Indian policy. Theodore WE SHOULD CO~TROL OUR COM­ W. Taylor was formerly Deputy Commis­ the U.S. and of the states in which they reside MODITY PRICE sioner of Indian Affairs, and, in the light been lost from sight? Citizenship involves of the recent events on the Red Lake responsiblllties as well as rights. Has our policy been based on increased responsiblllty Indian Reservation, raises some tough of Indians for self-support, and for contribu­ HON. JAMES E. JEFFRIES questions. If, as Mr. Taylor says, we ap­ tion to their state and federal governments OF KANSAS propriate over $2 billion annually for in the same manner as other citizens? IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES some 600,000 Indians, perhaps we in Con­ 5. Has the holding of Indian land in fed­ gress should review the results. His re­ eral trust (costing federal tax dollars to ad­ Monday, June 4, 1979 marks and questions should prove help­ minister) outlived its usefulness? Why e Mr. JEFFRIES. Mr. Speaker, Kansas ful to my colleagues as the debate on the should not Indians have the same opportuni­ farmers are very proud of' their contri­ efficacy of various Federal programs con­ ties, responsibilities and risks in land owner­ butions to the world's food supply. But ship as the rest of us? How long should they tinues. He reminds us that Indians are enjoy a special status with regard to freedom under the stress of increasing inflation citizens of the United States and of the from a real estate tax? If Indians desire to and overregulation, the smaller family States within which they reside, and asks keep and develop their land why can not farms are caught in a serious financial if Indians should not have the same they do so as fee owners? squeeze which threatens their continued rights and accept the same responsibili­ 6. What is the substance of so-called survival. ties as other citizens. Indian sovereignty? Indian governments are On one of my recent visits back home, I submit the letter to be included in generally not selfsupporting. They depend I attended a meeting organized by local for the most part on federal and state tax the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD: dollars. Seventy percent of reservation farmers who impressed me very deeply THEODORE W. TAYLOR, Indian children are educated in state public by their sincerity. These strong, silent Arlington, Va., May 23, 1979. schools, supported by state and federal tax people rarely complain, even under the JOSEPH L. FISHER, . dollars. Most of the rest are in BIA schools most strenuous conditions. Yet now, they Cannon House Office Building, supported entirely by federal dollars. Indian cannot afford to remain silent any Washington, D.C. roads are built mostly by state and federal longer. At that meeting, they presented DEAR CONGRESSMAN FISHER: The May 21, 22, funds. Indians are incarcerated in state or me with several pages of material out­ and 23 editions of the Washington Post report federal prisons, are subject to federal law, lining their most urgent concerns. This that violence erupted on the Red Lake Indian and make use of other state institutions Reservation in Minnesota, Saturday, May 19, such as institutions of higher learning, fos­ material was prepared by several farm­ causing m.llllons of dollars of property dam­ ter home care, and others. Indians receive ers including Paul Whitehair of Abilene, age and leaving two youths dead. "They were welfare through the same system as the rest Fred Mills of Centralia, Charles Pro­ shooting up the place, turning over desks, of their state neighbors, financed by the chazka of Solomon, John Chase of setting fires, destroying papers and tearing • federal and state governments, plus addi­ Abilene, Loren Hinkle of Hope, Larry everything into shambles" and "about 50 tional subsidies by BIA (federal funds). In­ Hefty of Corning, Daniel Sack of Corn­ vehicles were burned". How many U.S. tax dian medical and hospital care is completely ing, Don Scherman of Seneca, Greg dollars were involved in this destruction? subsidized by the federal government. Does As a member of the Ways and Means Com­ the above situation describe a sovereign con­ Schmitz of Marysville, Ray O'Neil of mittee concerned with reduction in federal dition? Indians seem to be the most de­ Beattie, and Rudy Vopata of Marysville. taxes (and therefore a reduction in federal pendent, least sovereign of any group in the All of them submitted excellent mate­ expenditures) you should know that over $2 U.S. Should not Congress make clear for the rial on a variety of subjects of concern blllion of your and my tax dollars are spent guidance of Indian policy ( 1) that Indians to them, but there is one I would like to annually on approximately 600 thousand are citizens and •have no special sovereignty share with my colleagues which very well Indians ($3300 per capita or $13,200 for a and (2) that social programs will be applied sums up many of their views and ex­ family of four). to Indians, poor whites, or other minorities, presses the frustration they all feel. According to the newspaper reports the on the basis of need, not race or blood? trouble at Red Lake started because the 7. The toughest question of all-who is an [The material follows: J elected treasurer, a 34 year old bookkeeper, Indian? Biologically there are relatively few WE SHOULD CONTROL OUR COMMODITY PRICES accused the tribal chairman and other leaders so-called "full bloods." Indian tribal mem­ (By John Chase, Abilene, Kans.) of "misspending tribal funds, nepotism, vio­ bers may, in some instances, have as little as lating civil rights, and keeping poor records We farmers are tired of playing games. 1/32 percent Indian blood. There may be 10 The time has come that the United States of m.llllons of federal dollars flowing into the mllllon people in the U.S. with some Indian reservation each year" for the approximately wakes up to the fact that we can't continue blood. Only some 800 thousand (less than to send grains overseas at 20 year old prices 3000 Chippewas who live on the reservation. 1/10th) identified as Indians in the 1970 The lawless actions of the Sioux at Wounded and import oil and manufacture goods at census, and over 300 thousand of these were 1979 prices. The price of diesel fuel 20 years Knee in 1973, the sacking of the BIA build­ in urban areas such as Los Angeles and New ing and paying the culprits $66,000 to leave York. Does the difficulty of defining an ago was about 13¢ a gallon and today it is town, and the rural poverty and dependency Indian lend further support to social pro­ 55.5¢. Land in our area is 5 times as high. We on many Indian reservations are backdrops grams being applied on a "need" rather than cannot continue on $3.00 wheat when it was for the recent Red Lake episode. a "racial" basis? All are citizens, regardless around $2.00 then. We've been told for years Some serious questions need answering: of race. Thus, should not all of us receive the to increase our acreage to make up !or cheap 1. What are the sources of financing of the same benefits and accept the same responsi­ prices, but with interest rates at 11 to 12%, various Indian groups on federal reservations, b111ties? volume does not make up for the price. eg., what proportion 1s raised by Indians tax­ These questions need answering. By using our natural resources to raise ing themselves (practically none, I suspect), They were not seriously reviewed by the cheap food and sell it to other nations at 20 by sale of Indian resources (eg. timber and so-called "American Indian Policy Review year old prices we are undermining our own oil), and various federal subsidies (probably Commission" which was dominated by "pro­ dollar. By selllng grain at 100% parity it the source of most funds on most reserva­ fessional" Indians and their supporters who wm strengthen the dollar and let our re­ tions)? For example, how much of the prop­ sought to establish a "super citizenship" and sources leave this nation at 1979 prices. The erty damaged at Red Lake was paid for, "special rights" for Indians. The Commission EEC has bought our wheat and then put a directly or indirectly, by U.S. tax dollars? forgot that Indians are citizens of the United tariff on the wheat. The tariff was higher 2. How have federal dollars been spent, States and the states in which they reside than the original price paid for the wheat. with what results, and with what account­ the same as the rest of us. This extra money was then used for support ab1Uty? Why do we stm have Indian rural Jf these questions are answered, I suspect money for their own farmers on their corn slums, increasing Indian dependency, and an that not only much wasteful and harmful so they could sell it cheaper to other coun­ aimless existence for many? Have federal ex­ spending can be eliminated, but more im­ tries than what the U.S. was selllng it for. penditures and federal policy contributed to portantly, Indians can be helped to achieve The control o! farm production and sell­ this result? the dignity of Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce, Ing of the grains must be with the farmer. 13318 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1979 To do this, we need t o have a referendum dope, tucked out of the way so the rest of not better educated than their fathers and !or wheat and one for feed grains. This 1s us can go on enjoying the more luxurious mothers who quit school in adolescence, done by a vote of the farmers. This will life of modern America. many of them going, like poor blacks, to the enable the farmers to have more control At the risk of losing all open-minded read­ bottom rung on the economic ladder? Show and higher prices. The only way you will ers, I admit my deep personal biases on this me the study proving that. get support is to get loan rates raised and subject. I grew up in a family committed to Anyone looking at such statistics will see, throw away target prices. With loans the public schools, committed in a way that no­ of course, that young blacks did not com­ government wlll get paid back, whereas body ever needed to articulate at the dinner pletely close the educational gap with whites. target prices are only a form of welfare and table. My mother taught school, including But their progress is clearly more dramatic farmers don't want welfare. poor and unwashed children in a city slum. than that remaining gap. It translated, with It is about time we get the support !rom My father served for years on a community the aid of the civil rights movement and the Congress that we were told we would school board. My aunt was a teacher. So federal money, into an even more remark­ get. All we want is to make a decent living was my sister. My grandfather struggled up able change in higher education-a crude for our famllies.e from uneducated poverty, thanks to the "free parity, not perfect but certainly a watershed common schools" of prairie Kansas, and he of deep social significance. Black enrollment became a learned high school teacher hixnself. is now about 13 percent of the college-age In the curious manner of these things, my population-roughly equivalent to the black wife's family has a similar profile-an abun­ LET'S HEAR IT FOR PUBLIC share of the overall population. Yes, a good dance of teachers and school board members. number of these black students are in two­ SCHOOLS So I confess-when I hear glib generali­ year community colleges, but that is a level zations about the hopelessness of public most blacks never had a prayer of reaching schools, somewhere deep in my psyche it c generation ago. HON. PATRICIA SCHROEDER sounds like they are beating up on our fam­ Again, it helps to remember what the past OF COLORADO ily, and I get angry. was really like-not how some people like to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Now I hope the public school critics will remember it. In 1960, there were 435 blacks examine their own biases. How many are mo­ in white colleges in the South. Today there Monday, June 4, 1979 tivated, perhaps, by pretentions of class su­ are well over 100,000. That represents real periority or by racial fears? How many suffer social change, which begs the same question: e Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, from that social petulance that is really a America's favorite pastime, aside from Are these children not better educated than contempt for children, including their own? the earlier generation? baseball, seems to be beating up on var­ But let's stick to the facts. The evidence, ious institutions of society. Congress, as opposed to someone's rheumy recollec­ At this point, the critics may say, "Yes, tions, support me in this audacious claim: but . . . " The "but" leads to the muddled perhaps justifiably, gets its lumps all the question of quality-how much are these time. The public school system gets the The American public schools are doing a bet­ ter job today, better than ever before in our children really learning? Aren't some high same treatment. I do not think that is national history, of providing universal edu­ schools "graduating" illiterates, kids who entirely fair. So in rising to the defense cation for our young people, white, black, can't read or write much? Yes, some high of public schools, let me submit a recent brown or whatever. school "graduates" are llliterate. Yes, that is Washington Post article by William The facts, for example, describe an educa­ a scandal, one that ought to provoke outrage tional revolution among blacks. In 1950, only and reform. Greider. But concentrating on this disturbing re­ [From the Washington Post, June 3, 1979] one of every four black children finished high school in America. Imagine: only one ality, as if it were "typical," is profoundly STOP KNOCKING OUR PUBLIC ScHOOLS of four. The rest dropped out and, with rare misleading. In general, notwithstanding (By William Greider) exceptions, assumed the menial stations the what you think you read in the newspapers, Every true American loves the !amlllar society reserved for them-stoop labor. the quality of student performance is as good story of struggle and triumph by a group Today, three out of four black children or better today-repeat, as good or better­ from the ethnic underclass- the Irish, the complete high school. Consider the social • than it was a generation ago. Today's chil­ Italians and Jews, the Chinese and, now, the meaning of that change: In 30 years, the dren, on the average, do as well or better on Koreans. So I have discovered anot her ethnic public schools were opened to a huge under­ achievement tests than their parents did­ group whose struggle should be celebrated. class of young people. Will anyone argue that if their parents were in school at all. In one generation, these people overcame this generation, now completing high school, A serious performance gap remains, of is behind those children who, a generation course, between black and white, between many of the educational inferiorities im­ rich and poor, though the racial differences posed on them for centuries. They tripled ago, quit in the 7th or 8th grade? I would the number of their young people who grad­ like to see the evidence for that. are narrowing in basic skills. In any case, if uate from high school. They broke down The District of Columbia schools, notwith­ you think about it, there will always be barriers to higher education and dramat­ standing their lousy reputation, participated "gaps" on achievement scores between dif­ ically narrowed the gap with other more in this great leap forward-more black kids ferent students-unless you can imagine an fortunate American children. They reached in D.C. are finishing high school, many more AmericJJ. in which all children are born with for equality-a ridiculous goal, considering are going to college. Just from 1972 to 1977, precisely the same brain cells or talents or their tragic history as a people-and their for instance, the D.C. school system increased grow up in identical environments. progress has been breathtaking. its high school graduates by 9 percent­ Arthur E. Wise of the Rand Corpration 1s You may not recognize it , but I am talk­ while D.C. high school enrollment was level­ one of a number of scholars who have stud­ ing about America's native-born black cit­ ing off. ied the array of test results and concluded izens. A few weeks ago, on the 25th anniver­ Older black leaders remember fondly the that the news chiefly is good, not bad. Since sary of the Supreme Court's Brown decision, academic excellence of the old Dunbar High the Rand Corporation is not exactly a bleed­ instead of this triumphant message, we heard School, and they bemoan the present inade­ ing-heart think tank, inclined to wishful a chorus of gloom-from black leaders, of quacies of D.C. graduates. They are inclined thinking as I am, Wise's conclusion is valu­ all people. Vernon Jordan of the Urban to forget that old Dunbar was possible only able: League said, in so many words, that nothing because most black children did not finish "The loss of confidence is not the result has changed in 25 years. James M. Nabrit, a high school, much less study Greek and of a decline in quality; it is the result o! a beacon lawyer who argued one of those land­ Latin, a generation ago. re-emerging conservatism which wants to see mark cases, denounced the public schools as The equation is fairly simple, and it applies the world as worse than it used to be." failures. And so on, with others. to public schools across America : It's a lot One of Wise's favorites is a statewide sam­ The supposed !allure o! the public schools easier to provide excellent education if you pling in Indiana that matched lOth graders is, in fact, a favorite message in newspapers are only going to educate relatively few of 1976 against lOth graders of 1944 and these days, especially in this newspaper, es­ children, particularly 1! they are students found the modern group to be superior­ pecially the failure of the District of Colum· who already do well. If the schools try to though the '76 class obviously included many bia schools from which so many white cit­ educate all children, the job becomes far of those children, white and black, who izens have fled. more difficult. In the last generation, the never reached the lOth grade in 1944. Personally, I am sick and tired of people public schools have tried to do this. They This demographic change in the public beating up on the public schools. I think it are a long way from what anyone would schools-taking more children and taking is a form of scapegoating, a variation on the describe as a rousing success-but they are them further-was also the real reason for old game called "blaming the victim." I sus­ also far ahead of where they used to be. most of another celebrated decline, the drop, pect some critics use " public schools" as a This educational upheaval affected white until last year, in scores on the Scholastic new codeword for racial slurs, particularly children, too. In 1950, only 56 percent of Aptitude Test. The SAT's used to be taken by in our largest cities. Most tragically, beating white children completed high school. Does an elite, a relative handful from the better up on public schools serves the interests of that shock you? It shouldn't . Poor whites in schools, the better families. But then, thanks those who wish to suppress social change, America have always outnumbered poor to egalitarian reforxns in education, a much who want the poor and unwashed to stay in blacks. Today, about 85 percent of white broader cross-section began taking the tests, their place, scrubbing floors and shooting children graduate from high school. Are they more racial minorities, more women, more June 4, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13319 white males from poorer famUies. This pulls cause it convinced the downtrodden, no mat­ Cherries, fresh and processed; the national "average" down on that test ter how deep their pain, that nothing will Cranberries, fresh and processed; (which measures aptitude, not achieve­ improve their low status. Figs; ment), just as the D.C. schools lost ground The continuing rage of black leaders, I be­ Fruit cocktail; on tests as more atnuent whites were re­ lieve, is a.imed at the wrong target. In gen­ Grapes, processed; placed in the averages by poorer blacks. But eral, it was not the schools that failed the Grapefruit, fresh and processed; this certainly doesn't mean black children last generation of black children. It was Lemons, fresh and processed; are doing worse than before. the rest of society that disappointed the Nectarines, fresh; Nevertheless, the new "conservatism" has newly educated, that failed to provide the Olives; produced the current "back to basics" hys­ jobs and income that were promised when teria, a trend which is likely to hurt more the young people were urged to stay in Oranges, fresh and processed; children than it helps. The "back to basics" school.e Peaches, processed; formula will make school more boring than Pears, fresh and processed; it already is, more geared to the safest and Pie filling; lowest common denominator, Dick-and-Jane COMMENDS FRUIT EXPORTING Plumbs, processed; rote drills. Everybody, by God, is for reading, writing and arithmetic, so let's cram it into COOPERATIVES Prunes; their little skulls. Most children will hate Raisins; it. So will most teachers. But public anger HON. BOB WILSON Raspberries, processed; and must be served, however misguided. A few Strawberries, processed. years hence, the schools no doubt wlll pro­ OF CALIFORNIA Especially well known overseas are the co­ duce the "back to basics" test scores to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES operative brand names for oranges, grape­ show they have solved some problem. Monday, June 4, 1979 fruit, lemons, cranberries, prunes, and raisins Meanwhile, tests already show that chil­ and other grape products. dren have been improving on basics, reading, e Mr. BOB WILSON. Mr. Speaker, gen­ GEOGRAPHIC CONCENTRATION and math, white children and black, North erally, when we refer to our interna­ There is a remarkable degree of geographic and South. The National Assessment reports tional trade picture, it is in somewhat find the most striking gains among 9-year­ concentration in terms of fruit production old black kids. This is significant because gloomy terms. But one success story can and cooperative export enterprise. Head­ that's where the feels have spent most of be found among our Nation's exporters quarters of the 29 direct exporting fruit co­ the money-on helping younger children of fruit. operatives are as follows: from poor fam111es in the early years of This bright spot in our foreign trade Number of schooling. is the result of a spirit of cooperation State: associations Indeed, the most serious problems reflected among our fruit exporting cooperatives. Californie. ______11 in the national testing is the opposite of rote I heartily commend the industry for ,Florida ------6 skills: Students finishing high school show a its achievements in the world of foreign Oregon ------4 declining ab111ty to grasp complex ideas, to trade and believe that the following ac­ Michigan, New York, draw abstract inferences from diverse infor­ Washington ------­ 2 each ma.tion. When you think about the complex­ counting of their efforts will pass along Massachusetts ------­ 1 ity and change in their futures, that's a scary valuable lessons for those of us here, ,Pennsylvania ------1 and in the business community: educational problem. But, unfortunately, the More than 80 percent of the cooperatives' critics are stampeding the schools in the FRUIT COOPERATIVES AMONG EXPORTING ELITE $293 Inillion of direct fruit exports in 1976 other direction. (By Donald E. Hirsch, Senior Agricultural were made by associations headquartered in Who should be blamed for this wrong­ Economist--Foreign Trade) California. Most of the remainder were made headedness? I would start with the school If there is ever a con test among export co­ by Florida-based associations. people, who are notoriously inept at defend­ operatives for the title "exporter elite," the Of the 11 cooperatives that individually ing themselves. They turn and run before group that markets fruits will be a leading every gust of public discontent. They con­ had total exports (direct plus indirect) contender. valued at more than $5 Inillion, seven were ceal better than they explain. Of eight commodity groups of cooperatives Or you can blame the newspapers. I do. headquartered in California, three in Flor­ selling to foreign buyers in 1976, fruit co­ ida, one in Oregon. And I plead guilty myself to participating operatives ranked: in that strange value system that finds fail­ First in number of direct exporting co­ EXPORT VALUES AND SHARES ure more interesting or important than operatives; The values of direct and indirect ex­ success. Second in cooperative share of total U.S. ports of fruits and preparations by direct But the problem with newspapers is not exports; and exporting cooperatives in 1976 are given in really good news versus bad news. News­ Third in dollar value of commodities ex­ table 1. Fresh citrus ($187 million) ac­ papers, by their nature, are constitutionally ported. counted for nearly two-thirds of the direct opposed to history. They are quite good at There were 29 fruit exporting cooperatives, exports, 70 percent ($64 million) of the in­ taking snapshots of today or yesterday, but more than double the number of any other direct exports, and 65 percent ($218 mil­ they are incapable of looking backward and commodity group. Their direct exports (sales lion) of total exports of this commodity asking how the snapshot fits into a con­ to foreign buyers) accounted for 38 percent group in 1976. tinuum of events, the complicated story of of total U.S. exports of fruits and prepara­ The processed fruit subgroup had an un­ people changing over time. Today's outrage tions; only one other commodity group of co­ usually large number (17) of direct ex­ looks more outrageous if you have forgotten operatives-nuts-had a larger share of total porting associations. It also had a remark­ yesterday's. U.S. exports. In terms of both direct exports ably high percentage (95.3) direct exports. In any case, Wise noted, there is an audi­ and total exports (direst sales plus sales to The percentages of direct exports were also ence out there that wants to hear this mes­ other U.S. firms for export) only two com­ high for other fresh fruit (55.2) and fresh sage of failure. (Interestingly, though, modity groups of cooperatives-grains, and citrus (85.7). public opinion surveys indicate that oilseeds and oilnuts-had exports of greater Seventy percent of the fresh citrus ex­ citizens with children in the public schools­ value. with their own channel of information inde­ ported from the United States in 1976 was Fruit cooperatives surpass all others in directly exported by cooperatives. Another pendent of the news media-have a much terms of merchandising food in Canada and higher opinion of the schools than do others. 12 percent was moved into export marketing overseas. There are other individual coopera­ channels by these cooperatives and then The belief in decline is really a public tives-such as those exporting almonds and exported by other firms. value statement, one that often implies that walnuts-that individually have excellent More than 28 percent of the processed black children cannot improve themselves. If programs, but there is no other relatively education makes no difference, why bother? fruit exported from the United States in large commodity group of associations that 1976 was directly exported by cooperatives. The children, of course, hear the same mes­ has brand names recognized by Inillions of sage. Only 6 percent of noncitrus fresh fruit (ap_ foreign consumers. ples, cherries, strawberries, etc.) was ex­ Does that make the gloomy Vernon Jor­ The "family" of fruits exported by coopera­ ported directly by cooperatives. dans into an unwitting spokesmen for con­ tives is a large one. Each of the following servatism? I think it does. It makes someone "members" requires special expertise: COUNTRIES OF DESTINATION like the Rev. Jesse Jackson, corny as he Apples, fresh and processed; Fruit cooperatives reported the ultimate sounds, a revolutionary, because Jackson's Apricots, processed; destinations for 95 percent of their total ex­ message to young blacks challenges the "illu­ Avocados, fresh and processed; ports (direct plus indirect) in 1976. About sion of inevitability," as one social philoso­ Blackberries, processed: 41 percent of the cooperative exports of pher calls it. The illusion of inevitability Blueberries, fresh and processed; fruits for which destinations were given is a. principal barrier to social injustice be- Boysenberries, processed; were made to Europe; 37 percent went to 13320 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1979 Asia, and 18 percent to North America ments to individual countries, Japan was almost two-thirds ($34 m1llion) went to the (Canada). the leading market ($66 million), followed European Communit y. Among individual Southeast and East Asia ($96 million), by Canada ($33 million) . The Netherlands countries, Canada led ($18 mllllon), fol­ and the European Community ($52 mU­ and France also were major importers. lowed by Japan ($13 million). Other major llan) , were the leading destinations for ex­ Western Europe received more than half markets were the United Kingdom, Sweden, ports of fresh citrus marketed by coopera­ ($53 million) of all coopera tl ve exports of Denmark, Netherlands, West Germany, tives in 1976 (table 2). For reported ship- processed fruit in 1976. Of that quantity, France, and Italy.

TABLE 1.- FRUITS AND PREPARATIONS; VALUE OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT EXPORTS BY DIRECT EXPORTING COOPERATIVES, 1976

Direct exports Indirect exports Total exports Direct exports Indirect exports Total exports Value Per- Value Per- Value Value Per- Value Per- Value Co- in cent of Co- in cent of Co- in Co- in cent of Co- in cent of Co- in opera- thou- total opera- thou- total opera- thou- opera- thou- total opera- thou- total opera- thou- Commodity tives sands 1 exports tives sands 1 exports tives sands 1 Commod ity tives sands 1 exports tives sands 1 exports tives sands 1

Fruits and prepara- Other fruit, fresh ___ 9 10, 347 55.2 6 tions ______8, 383 44.8 9 18, 730 2 27 292, 704 86.9 21] 44, 193 13.1 2 29 336,897 All processed fruit 3_ 17 95,483 95.3 10 4, 680 4. 7 20 100, 163 Citrus, fresh_------6 186, 874 85. 7 3 31,130 14. 3 6 218, 004

1 In U.S. dollars at U.S. loadin2 port. J Canned, frozen, dried. z Some assoc iations export more than one of the listed commodities. canada was an important market for all of the total exports of fruits and prepara­ percent for the cooperatives' representatives fruits exported by cooperat ives in 1976, but tions moved through five marketing chan­ and foreign distributors, and 0 to 80 percent Canada was especially important for the nels: cooperatives' foreign sales representa­ for U.S. export merchants. These figures em­ J>maJlost subgroup, noncitrus fresh fruit, tives (36 percent), foreign distributors (19 phasize that no set pattern prevails through­ with 40 percent of those exports. Japan percent), foreign retailers (8 percent), Jap­ out the group of exporting cooperatives. was also an important market for noncitrus anese trading companies (8 percent), and Cooperatives' foreign sales representatives fresh fruit. U.S. export brokers (7 percent) . averaged 38 percent of the processed fruit, MARKETING CHANNELS On the average, nearly half (47 percent) while another one-third of the direct ex­ of the fresh citrus was sold directly by the Fruit cooperatives are far ahead of other ports of this subgroup was equally divided cooperatives to foreign distributors. About between Japanese trading companies, U.S. U.S. exporting cooperatives in terms of es­ one-fourth (23 percent) was sold by the co­ tabllshing foreign sales offices. Of 41 co­ export brokers, and foreign retailers or asso­ operatives foreign sales representatives, U.S. ciations of retallers. operative sales offices in foreign countries export merchants and Japanese trading com­ in 1976, three-fourths were concerned with panies purchased most of the remainder. TERMS OF SALE sales of fresh or processed fruit or both. Other fresh fruit moved through three In this article, we will not take the space In terms of prevailing patterns in export channels: cooperatives' foreign sales repre­ required to define each of the 12 terms of marketing, rather than the actual propor­ sentatives (39 percent) ; U.S. export mer­ sale (seven delivery and five payment) used tions of the total volume of cooperative chants (31 percent-the largest proportion­ in export sales made by fruit cooperatives. exports, the largest single marketing chan­ ate use of this channel by any fruit sub­ A manuscript covering all agricultural ex­ nel for cooperatives' direct exports of fruits group); and foreign distributors (24 per­ ports by cooperatives in 1976 is in the pub­ and preparations in 1976 was the foreign cent) . The range in use of these channels lication process; it will contain the rather sales representative. Seventy-eight percent by the individual cooperatives was 0 to 100 lengthy sets of definitions.

TABLE 2.-FRUITS AND PREPARATIONS COOPERATIVE EXPORTS BY DESTINATION 19761 [In thousands of dollars)

Other fruit Processed Other fru it Processed Destination Citrus fresh fresh fruit 2 Total Destination Citrus fresh fresh fruit 2 Total

North Amer ica : Canada ______32, 827 7, 311 17, 721 57,859 Asia______------__ ------__ 96, 118 5, 407 17, 697 119, 222 West As ia______LatinMex Americo ic__a______------662 2, 702 6, 141 9, 505 0 0 1, 034 1, 034 588 488 266 1, 342 Southeast Asia______96, 118 5, 407 16, 663 118, 188 Central America ______Ocean ia______Ca ri bbean ______0 299 1, 072 1, 371 0 222 1,107 1, 329 74 329 1, 862 2, 265 Africa ______0 0 191 119 So uth America ____ ------____ 0 1, 586 2, 941 4, 527 North Africa ______------_ 0 0 12 12 74, 583 2, 850 54,197 131,630 Other Africa ______0 0 107 107 ======55, 583 2, 850 53,197 111, 630 Euro~esti!riiEuropean- Eiirope Commun~ =~~ ity ______52, 483 2, 041 33, 773 88, 297 Total reported ______204, 190 18, 492 96, 982 319, 664 Other Western ___ ------______3,100 809 19, 424 23, 333 Unknown unreported ______13,814 238 3,181 17,233 Eastern Europe ______19,000 0 1,000 20,000 TotaL ______218, 004 18, 730 100, 163 335, 897

I Includes both direct and indirect exports of all cooperatives en2a2ed in direct exporting. 1 Canr1ed frozen, dried. The percentages given here were selected percent was f.o.b., 32 percent f.a.s., 5 percent sales to Latin America and Southeast and to show preva111ng patterns in export mar­ c. & 1., and the remainder (21 percent) under East Asia. keting, rather than the actual proportions three terms of sale involving delivery to a Small quantities of fresh and processed of the total volume of cooperative exports foreign destination. fruits were sold by drafts no accompanied under each term of sale. As noted earlier, the dellvery term pat­ by letters of credit. Cooperatives exporting fruits and prepara­ terns for processed fruit and noncitrus fresh CONCLUSIONS tions in 1976 had a highly diversified pat­ fruit were similar but unlike that for fresh Fruit cooperatives are a dynamic segment tern of terms of sale in making deliveries citrus. The situation is reversed for payment to U.S. ports and foreign destinations. Some­ at the total cooperative export business. term patterns. That for fresh citrus is more Some associations are more successful than what surprisingly, t he similarity in patterns like the one for the processed fruit than for for processed fruit and noncitrus fresh fruit others, but in general they have served their other fresh fruit. farmer-patrons exceedingly well. was greater than for fresh citrus and other An average of about one-third of the sales fresh fruit. Is their success due to: of bot h fresh citrus and processed fruit was Launching their export programs at a An average of nearly half of the fresh made on open account and another third for propitious time? citrus (44 percent) was sold c.1 .f. foreign cash against documents. Two-thirds of the port. Another 30 percent was sold c. & f., other fresh fruit was sold on open account, Easy access to foreign markets? and thus three-fourths (74 percent) of that and one-fifth cash against documents. Glutted domestic markets that forced commodity was sold on the basis of dellvery Sales on consignment were small (8 per­ them to seek additional markets? to a foreign port. cent) for fresh citrus, but none of the other A competitive situation for international The pat tern for the other fresh fruit was fresh fruit or processed fruit was sold ac­ trade in their commodities that was not 31 percent f .o.b ., 26 percent f .a .s., 20 percent cording to that payment term. dominated by a few hugh international c.i.f., and 14 percent c. & f. Thus, 43 percent One-third of the processed fruit, on the trading companies? was sold delivered t o a foreign port. average, was sold under letters of credit. No Readily available sources of financing and For the processed fruit, an average of 42 doubt most of that volume was involved in export expertise? 13321 June 4, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Since my last report the Congress has Sufficient volumes of commodities that A copy of my letter to the Speaker passed House Concurrent Resolution 107 re­ foreign consumers desired, could easily iden­ and of t e committee's report are at­ vising the Congressional budget for the tify, and could afford to buy? tached. United St at es Government for fiscal year Capable management and the understand­ HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, 1979. Also, the Congressional Budget Office ing and support of most member-patrons? Washington, D.C., June 4,1979. has revised its estimates of revenue, budget An attractive package of product, price, Hon. THOMAS P. O'NEILL, Jr., authority and outlays based on the economic and performance? House of Representatives, assumptions underlying the figures contained The fruit cooperatives have penetrated Washington, D .C. more deeply into the export marketing proc­ DEAR MR. SPEAKER: On January 30, 1976, in t he new budget resolution. The President ess than other cooperatives. They have far the Committee on the Budget outlined the has signed into law two bills previously more overseas sales offices, larger shares of procedure which it had adopted in connec­ passed by the Congress: H.R. 1147 is now total U.S. exports of their commodities, tion with its responsib111ties under Sec. 311 Public Law 96-6 and H.R . 2439 is Public Law established sales outlets in more foreign of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 to 96- 7. countries, a program that enables some of provide estimates of the current level of [In millions of dollars! them to pool shipments with other firms and revenues and spending. I am herewith trans­ thus obtain lower ocean freight rates, higher mitting the status report under H. Con. Res. proportions of direct sales to foreign buyers, Budget 107, the revised Second Budget Resolution authority Outlays Revenues and more sales providing delivery to foreign for FY 1979. This report reflects the resolu­ destinations. They have been leaders in their tion of June 1, 1979, and estimates of budget entire industry as well as among coopera­ authority, outlays and revenues based on 1. Enacted ______546,625 486,081 461,100 2. Entitlement authority and 5, 879 5, 364 ------tives. all completed action on spending and rev­ other mandatory 1tems Many of the fruit cooperatives, as well as enue measures as of close of legislative busi­ requiring further appro- other food exporting associations, could ness June 1, 1979. priation action. benefit from a st udy of the problems and Sincerely, 3. Continu ing resolution RoBERT N. GIAIMO, authority. opportunit ies, successes and failures, orga­ 4. Confe rence agreements ------nizational structures, operating practices, Chairman. rat ified by both Houses . ______------__ ___ and export marketing strategies of the en­ REPORT TO THE SPEAKER OF THE U.S. HOUSE OF REPRE· Current leveL ______552, 505 491 , 444 461,100 tire group of fruit exporting cooperatives.e SENTATIVES FROM THE COMMITTEE ON THE BUDGET 2d Concur rent Resolut ion ____ 559,200 494, 450 461,000 ON THE STATUS OF THE FISCAL YEAR 1979 CONGRES· Under resolution ______6, 695 3, 006 ------·--- SIONAL BUDGET ADOPTED IN H. CON. RES. 107, REFLECT· Over resolution •. ______-·----- 100 lNG COMPLETED ACTION AS OF JUNE 1, 1979 STATUS OF THE CONGRESSIONAL [In millions of dollars! Sincerely, BUDGET FOR FISCAL YEAR 1979 Alice M. Rivlin, Director. Bud~et PARLIAMENTARIAN STATUS REPORT SUPPORTING DETAIL, authonty Outla )'s Re venues HON. ROBERT N. GIAIMO FISCAL YEAR 1979, AS OF CLOSE OF BUSINESS JUNE 1, 1979 OF CONNECTICUT 494, 450 461 , 000 [In millions of dollars! IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 491 , 444 461 , 100

Monday, June 4, 1979 Under resolution ______6, 695 3, 006 ------Bud~et • Mr. GIAIMO. Mr. Speaker, the House Over resolution. ______-- __ ------100 authonty Outlays Budget Committee today is notifying BUDGET AUTHORITY the Speaker of the House of the current I. Enacted : levels of congressional action on the Any measure providing budget or entitle­ Permanent appropriations and ment authorit y which is not included in the trust funds ______273, 044 247,268 budget compared to the spending ceil­ Previously enacted (95th ings and revenue floors established by current level estimate and which exceedS Con 11., 2d sess.) ______339,531 304,072 $6,695 million for fiscal year 1970, if adopted Offsetting rece ipts (incl uding the revised second budget resolution for and enacted, would cause the appropriate amounts generated by cur- fiscal year 1979, which was adopted on level of budget aut hority for that year as set rent app ropriation action). ___ -65, 206 -65,206 Enacted thi s sess ion: May 24, 1979. In order to keep Congress forth in H. Con. Res. 107 to be exceeded. Sale of silver dollars (Pub- advised of the effect of its spending and OUTLAYS lic La w 96- 2) ______-20 -20 Deferral resolution (S. revenue actions compared to the overall Any measure providing budget or entitle­ Res. 50) ______- --_ totals set in the most recently adopted ment authorit y which is not included in the f irst rescission bill, 1979 (Publ ic La w 96- 7) ______-724 -34 budget resolution, periodic reports are current level estimate and which exceeds ------required by section 308 (b} . Under the $3,006 million for fiscal year 1979, if adopted Total, enacted ______546, 625 486, 081 Budget Act a point of order lies against and enacted, would cause the appropriate ======any measure that would cause the spend­ level of outlays for that year as set forth in II. En till ement authority and other H. Con. Res. 107 to be exceeded. mandatory items requirine further ing ceilings or the revenue floor estab­ appropriation action (anticipated lished by a concurrent resolution on the REVENUES supplementals including pay) : Function 050 : Department of budget to be breached. Any measure that would result in a reve­ Defense : Today's report indicates that the fol­ nue loss exceeding $100 m1111on for fiscal Civilian and military pay 1, 849 1, 843 year 1979, if adopted and enacted, would ra ises. lowing amounts in the revised second Retired pay ______156 cause revenues to be less than the appro­ 156 budget resolution are still available: Function 150 : Budget authority, $6,695 million; out­ priate level for that year as set forth in H . Pa yment to Foreign Service Con. Res. 107. retirement fund . lays, $3,006 million; and revenues, $100 Offsetting rece ipts_____ -4 million. It was necessary to revise the Export-Import Bank (pay) __ . ______CoNGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE, Function 270 : Payment where 1 second budget resolution for fiscal year washington, D.C., June 4, 1979. energy tax credit exceeds lia- 1979 in order to incorporate reestimates bility for tax. of the budget based on revised economic Hon. RoBERT N . GIAIMO, Function 350 : Federal Crop In------­ Chairman, Committee on the Budget, U .S. su ranee Corporation (pay). assumptions and to allow for any supple­ House of Representatives, Washington, Function 370 : Federal Home Loan Bank ------­ mental funding which may be necessary D.C. Board (pay). during the remainder of the fiscal year. DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: Pursuant to section Federal Sa vings and Loan ------The second resolution was revised during Insurance Corporation 308(b) and in aid of section 311(b) of the (pay). consideration of the first resolution for Congressional Budget Act, this letter and Function 400 : fiscal year 1980 in May. supporting detail provide an up-to-date tab­ Department of Defense: ulation of the current levels of new budget Panama Canal Corpo------­ This estimate of current level included ration (pay). in this report covers all enacted budget authority, estimated outlays and estimated Department of Transporta­ revenues in comparison with the appropriate tion: authority, including the continuing reso­ levels for those items contained in the most St. Lawrence Seaway ------­ lution, and estimates of entitlement au­ Company (pay). recently agreed to concurrent resolution on Coast Guard retired thority and other mandatory spending the budget. This report for fiscal year 1979 pay. items which require further appropria­ is tabulated as of close or business June 1, federal-aid highways ------­ tion action. 1979. (pay). 13322 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1979 1978 Income Bud~et fall profits tax. Since a number of our authonty Outlays W111iam R. Ratchford, salary, colleagues have expressed interest in the State of Connecticut ______$Z . 029. 05 bill, I am including it in the RECORD at William R. Ratchford, partner- Function 500 : Department of this point: Health, Education, and Wel­ ship share, law firm, Papa- fare: zoglou, Ratchford & Garmella_ 26, 952. 79 H.R.- Grants to States for social 189 189 Barbara Ratchford, salary, Dan- A bill to impose a windfall profit tax on services. domestic crude oil Student loan insurance 243 ______bury Board of Education_____ 18, 649. 23 fund. Barbara Ratchford, American In- Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Human development serv- 57 57 stitute of Foreign Study_____ 175.00 Representatives of the United States of ices. America in Congress assembled, Function 550 : Department of Health, Education, and Wel­ Total ------66,806.07 SECTION 1. SHORT TrrLE; AMENDMENT OF 1954 fare : CODE. Grants to States for med- 554 554 1978 Federal income taxes, joint icaid. return------17,990.75 (a) SHORT TITLE.-This Act may be cited Federal hospital insurance ------­ as the "Crude Oil Windfall Profit Tax Act (pay). of 1979". Function 600: Assets Department of A11riculture : Cash: (b) AMENDMENT OF 1954 CODE.-Except as Child nutrition ______150 10 otherwise expressly provided, whenever in Food stamp pro11ram ... 380 380 Checking account-Danbury Department of Health, Ed- Banking & Trust______3, 486. 71 this Act an amendm-ent or repeal is expressed ucation, and Welfare: Savings-Danbury Banking & in terms of an amendment to, or repeal of, a Ass istance payments Trust------300. 00 section or other provision, the reference pro11ram______91 91 shall be considered to be made to a section Federal old-a11e and Share account-Wright Patman survivors insurance Federal Credit Union______218.00 or other provision of the Internal Revenue (pay)______72 Automobiles: Code of 1954. Department of labor: Un- 1979 Chevrolet Blazer______8, 500.00 employment trust fund- SEC. 2. WINDFALL PRoFrr TAX. pay raise ______•• ____ ... 1976 Honda Civic Station wag­ (a.) IN GENERAL.- Office of Personnel Man­ on------2,400.00 (!) AMENDMENT OF SUBTrrLE D.-8Ubtitle a11ement: Civil service Household furnishings: D (relating to miscellaneous excise ·caxes) is retirement and disability Danbury home-2 Johnson (pay)_------amended by adding a.t the end thereof the Railroad Retirement Board : Drive, Danbury______10,000.00 following new chapter: Railroad retirement ac- Nantucket summer home, Nan- count (par>------­ tucket, ~ass______7.500.00 "CHAPTER 45-WINDFALL PROFIT TAX Regional rai transpor- ON DO~ESTIC CRUDE OIL tation protective ac- Other: count______57 57 Teacher's retirement (Barbara "Sec. 4986. Imposition of tax. Function 700 : Veterans' Ad- Ratchford)------7,802.95 "Sec. 4987. Amount of tax. ministration: Congressional retirement Compensation and pen- "Sec. 4988. Taxable crude oil; the 3 tiers for sions______1, 025 972 fund------1,533.32 tax purposes. Readjustment benefits .____ 377 223 Real estate: "Sec. 4989. Windfall profit; removal price. Function 750 : The Jud ici ary : Home at 2 Johnson Drive, Dan- "Sec. 4990. Adjusted base price. Court of appeals, salaries of judges. ______• bury, Conn______75, 000. 00 "Sec. 4991. Other definitions and special Function 800: Office of Person­ Summer Home at Nantucket, rules. nel Management: ~ss. ------78,000.00 "Sec. 4992. Records and information; regu­ Payment to civil service lations. retirement______335 335 Total all assets ______194, 740. 98 Offsetting rece ipts_ ____ -335 -335 "SEC. 4986. IMPOSITION OF TAX. Function 920 : Allowances : Ci- vilian aeency pay raises •• ____ 742 736 Liab111ties "(a) IMPOSrriON OF TAX.-An excise tax is ~ortgages: hereby imposed on the windfall profit from Total, entitlements ______5, 879 5, 364 taxable crude oil removed from the premises ======Danbury home-Danbury Sav- Ill. Continuing resolution authority ______ings & Loan ______44, 601.30 during each taxable period. IV. Conference agreements ratified by "(b) TAX PAID BY PRODUCER.-The tax im­ both Houses. ______Nantucket home-Nantucket Savings Bank ______43, 621. 14 posed by this section shall be paid by the producer of the crude oil. Total, current level, as of June 1, Danbury Home-Commercial 1979 ______552,505 491,444 Credit-second mortgage ta­ "SEC. 4987. AMOUNT OF TAX. Concurrent resolution of May 24, 1979___ 559, 200 494, 450 ken to finance loan to Ratch­ "(a) IN GENERAL.-The amount of the tax Over ceil in g•• ______ford for Congress committee imposed by section 4986 with respect to any Under ceiling______6, 695 3, 006 for 1978 campaign ______12, 116.95 barrel of taxable crude oil shall be 85 per­ cent of the windfall profit on such barrel. Note : Detail may not add due to rounding. Total ------­ 100,339.39 "(b) FRACTIONAL PART OF BARREL.-In the • Notes payable: case of a fraction of a barrel, the tax im­ Congressional Credit Union, posed by section 4986 shall be the same frac­ washington, D.C ______5, 671.03 tion of the amount of such tax imposed on a FINANCIAL STATEMENT Commercial Credit Union Dan- whole barrel. bury, Conn ______5,896.10 Union Trust, Danbury, Conn __ 7,820.20 "SEC. 4988. TAXABLE CRUDE OIL; THE 3 City Trust, Danbury, Conn __ _ 2, 381. 65 TIERS FOR TAX PuRPOSES. HON. WILLIAM R. RATCHFORD Danbury Savings & Loan, Dan- "(a) TAXABLE CRUDE 0IL.-For purposes Of OF CONNECTICUT bury, Conn ______9,414.63 this chapter, the term 'taxable crude oil' IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES means all domestic crude oil. Total ------31,183.61 "(b) TIER 1 OIL.-For purposes of this Monday, June 4, 1979 chapter, the term 'tier 1 oil' means taxable Total all liabilities _____ 131, 523. 00 crude on- e Mr. RATCHFORD. Mr. Speaker, I am Total net worth______63, 217. 98 " ( 1) which is or would be subject to the today releasing a financial statement in­ WILLIAM R. RATCHFORD, lower tier ceiling price rule of the ~arch 1979 cluding an accounting of all assets and M.C.e energy regulations, and liabilities as of May 31, 1979, and a state­ "(2) which is not qualified Alaskan on or ment of income received and taxes paid newly discovered crude oil. WINDFALL PROFITS TAX "(c) Tier 2 011.-For purposes of this for calendar year 1978. While I am aware chapter, the term 'tier 2 oil' means taxable this is not a requirement under Federal crude oil- law, I have traditionally made such dis­ HON. WILLIAM R. COTTER " ( 1) which is or would be subject to the closure and will continue to do so. upper tier ce111ng price rule of the ~arch OF CONNECTICUT 1979 energy regulations, and FINANCIAL STATEMENT OF WILLIAM R. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "(2) which is not qualified Alaskan oil or RATCHFORD newly discovered crude oil. Monday, June 4, 1979 The following is a statement of assets, lia­ "(d) TIER 3 OIL.-For purposes of this b111t1es and capital as of May 31, 1979, and • Mr. COTTER. Mr. Speaker, on May chapter, the term 'tier 3 on· means taxable a statement of income and taxes paid for tax 31 I along with five of my colleagues crude oil other than tier 1 oil and tier 2 oil. year 1978. All categories joint with wife, from the Committee on Ways and Means "SEC. 4989. WINDFALL PROFrr; REMOVAL PRICE. Barbara J. Ratchford. introduced a refined version of our wind- "(a) General Rule.-For purpooes of this June 4, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13323 chapter, the term 'windfall profit' means the "(1) such base price, multiplied by produced from a well north of the Arctic excess of the removal price of the barrel of "(2) the inflation adjustment for the cal­ Circle. crude oil over the sum of- endar month in which the crude oil is re­ "(7) TAXABLE PERIOD.-The term 'taxable .. ( 1) the adjusted base price of such bar­ moved (or deemed removed) from the period' means- rel, and premises. "(A) the period beginning on June 1, "(2) the amount by whlch- The amount determined under the pre­ 1979, and "(A) any severance tax imposed with re­ ceding sentence shall be rounded to the near­ "(B) each calendar quarter thereafter. spect to such barrel, exceeds est cent. " ( 8) NEWLY DISCOVERED CRUDE OIL.-The "(B) the severance tax which would have "(b) INFLATION ADJUSTMENT.- term 'newly discovered crude oil' has the been imposed if the barrel had been extracted " ( 1) IN GENERAL.-For purposes o! sub­ meaning given to such term under the June and sold on March 31, 1979, at the base price. section (a), the inflation adjustment for any 1979 energy regulations. The amount of severance tax taken into ac­ calendar month is the percentage by which­ "(9) ENERGY REGULATIONS.- count under paragraph (2) (A) shall not ex­ "(A) the CPI for the second preceding "(A) IN GENERAL.-The term 'energy regu­ ceed the amount which would have been im­ calendar month, exceeds. lations' means regulations prescribed under posed under the State law in effect on "(B) the CPI for March of 1979. section 4 (a) of the Emergency Petroleum March 31, 1979. "(2) CPI.-For purposes of paragraph (1), Allocation Act of 1973, as amended. "(b) NET INCOME LIMITATION ON WINDFALL the CPI for any month is the Consumer "(B) MARCH • 1979 ENERGY REGULATIONS.­ PROFIT.- Price Index for All Urban Consumers pub­ lished by the Department of Labor for such The March 1979 energy regulations- " ( 1) IN GENERAL.-The windfall profit on .. ( i) shall be the terms of energy regula­ any barrel of crude oil shall not exceed the month. "(3) RouNDING.-The percentage deter­ tions as such terms existed on March 31, net income attributable to such barrel. 1979, and "(2) DETERMINATION OF NET INCOME.-For mined under this subsection shall be round­ purposes of paragraph ( 1) , the net income ed to the nearest 1/10 of 1 percent. "(11) shall be treated as including final attributable to a barrel shall be determined " (C) BASE PRICE FOR TIER 1 0IL.-For pur­ action taken pursuant thereto before June 1, by dividing- poses of this chapter, the base price for tier 1979, and as including action taken before, .. (A) the taxable income from the property 1 oil is the lower tier ceiling price (as of on, or after such date with respect to incre­ for the taxable year attributable to taxable March 31, 1979) for such oil under March mental production from qualified tertiary crude oil, by 1979 energy regulations. enhancement recovery projects. "(B) the number of barrels of taxable "(d) BASE PRICE FOR TIER 2 0IL.-For pur­ "(C) JUNE 1979 ENERGY REGULATIONS.-The crude oil produced from such property dur­ poses of this chapter, the base price for tier June 1979 energy regulations shall be the ing such taxable year. 2 oil is the upper tier ceiling price (as of terms of energy regulations as such terms "(3) TAXABLE INCOME FROM THE PROPERTY.­ March 31, 1979) for such oil under March existed on June 1, 1979. For purposes of paragraph (2), the taxable 1979 energy regulations. "(D) CONTINUED APPLICATION OF REGULA­ income from the property shall be deter­ " (e) BASE PRICE FOR TIER 3 0IL.-For pur­ TIONS AFTER DECONTROL.-Energy regulations mined under section 613(a), except that no poses of this chapter, the base price for tier shall be treated as continuing in effect with­ deduction shall be allowed for- 3 oil is the price provided pursuant to regu­ out regard to decontrol of oil prices or any .. (A) depletion. lations prescribed by the Secretary !or the other termination o! the application of such "(B) costs deductible under section 263(c) purpose of estimating (as nearly as may be regulations. (other than those incurred in drilling a non­ practicable) the price at which uncontrolled "(c) PURCHASER COLLECTS TAX.-If the re­ productive well), and crude all o! the same grade and location moval price of any taxable crude all is deter­ "(C) the tax imposed by section 4986. would have sold in December 1979 if the aver­ mined under section 4989 (c) ( 1)- "(4) SPECIAL RULE WHERE THERE IS PRODUC­ age price during such month for imported " ( 1) the tax imposed by section 4986 with TION PAYMENT.-For purposes of paragraph crude oil were $16 a barrel. respect to such crude all shall be collected (2), if any portion of the taxable crude all "SEC. 4991. OTHER DEFINITIONS AND SPECIAL by the purchaser of such crude all by de­ removed from the property is applied in dis- RULES. ducting the amount of such tax from , charge of a production payment, the gross amounts payable for such all, income from such portion shall be included "(a) PRODUCER.- "(2) the producer shall not be required to in the gross income from property in comput­ " ( 1) IN GENERAL.-For purposes of this file a. return of the tax imposed by section ing the taxable income of the producer. chapter, the term 'producer' means the hold­ 4986 with respect to such all, and "(c) REMOVAL PRICE.-For purposes of this er of the economic interest with respect to "(3) the producer shall be treated as hav­ chapter- the crude oil. ing paid the amount of tax collected by the .. ( 1) IN GENERAL.-Except as otherwise pro­ "(2) EXCEPTION IN CASE OF CERTAIN SPECI­ purchaser on the due date prescribed by sec­ vided in this subsection, the term 'removal FIED AMOUNT PRODUCTION PAYMENTS.-!! 8. tion 6076 for filing the return for the taxable price' means the amount for which the barrel portion o! the crude all removed from a prop­ period in which such all was removed from is sold. erty is applied during the taxable year in the premises. "(2) SALES BETWEEN RELATED PERSONS.-In partial or complete discharge of a. produc­ tion payment which- In determining the amount to be collected the case of a sale between related persons under paragraph (1), section 4989(b) shall (within the meaning of section 103(b) (6) "(A) is not limited by time or to a specified not apply. (C)), the removal price shall not be less than number of units, but "(B) will be fully discharged only when a "SEC. 4992. RECORDS AND INFORMATION; the constructive sales price for purposes of REGULATIONS determining gross income from the property specified dollar amount (plus interest or under section 613. other charges, if any) has been received by "(a.) RECORDS AND INFORMATION.-Each " {3) OIL REMOVED FROM PREMISES BEFORE the holder of the production payment, taxpayer liable for tax under section 4986, SALE.-!! crude oil is removed !rom the prem­ then the holder of the economic interest from each partnership, trust, or estate producing ises before it is sold, the removal price shall which the production payment was created domestic crude oil, each purchaser of do­ be the constructive sales price for purposes (rather than the holder of the production mestic crude oil, and each operator of a well of determining gross income from the prop­ payment) shall be treated as the producer of from which domestic crude oil was produced, erty under section 613. such portion. shall keep such records, make such returns, "(4) REFINING BEGUN ON PREMISES.-!! the "(b) OTHER DEFINITIONS.-For purposes of and furnish such information with respect manufacture or conversion o! crude on into this chapter- to such oil as the Secretary may by regula­ refined products begins before such oil is re­ "(1) CRUDE OIL.-The term 'crude oil' in­ tions prescribe. moved from the premises- cludes a natural gas liquid treated as crude "(b) REGULATIONS.-The Secretary shall .. (A) such oil shall be treated as removed oil under the March 1979 energy regulations . prescribe such regulations as may be neces­ on the day such manufacture or conversion "(2) BARREL.-The term 'barrel' means 42 sary to carry out the purposes of this chap­ begins, and United States gallons. ter." "(B) the removal price shall be construc­ "(3) DoMESTic.-The term 'domestic', when (2) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.-The table Of tive sales price for purposes of determining used with respect to crude all, means crude chapters for subtitle D is amended by add­ gross income from the property under sec­ oil produced from an oil well located in the ing at the end thereof the following new tion 613. United States or in a. possession of the United item: " ( 5) MEANING OF TERMS.-As USed in thiS States. "CHAPTER 45. Windfall profit tax on do­ subsection, the terrns 'premises' and 'refined "(4) UNITED STATES.-The term 'United mestic crude oil." product' have the same meaning as when States' has the meaning given to such term (b) TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS.- used for purposes of determining gross in­ by paragraph ( 1) o! section 638 (relating to (1) The first sentence of section 164(a) come from the property under section 613. Continental Shelf areas). (relating to deduction for taxes) is amended "SEC. 4990. ADJUSTED BASE PRICE. " ( 5) POSSESSION OF THE UNITED STATES.­ by inserting after paragraph (4) the follow­ "(a) ADJUSTED BASE PRICE DEFINED.-For The term 'possession of the United States' ing new paragraph : purposes of this chapter, the term 'ad­ has the meaning given to such term by para­ " ( 5) The windfall profit tax imposed by justed base price' means the base price for graph (2) of section 638. section 4986." the barrel of crude oil plus an amount equal "(6) QUALIFIED ALASKAN OIL.-The term (2) Subsection (a) of section 613 (relat­ to- 'qualified Alaskan on• means any crude on ing to percentage depletion) is amended by CXXV--838-Pa.rt 11 13324 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, 1979 inserting before the last sentence the fol­ oil and the operator of the well from which NERS AND TO BENEFICIARIES lowing new sentence: "For purposes of this such crude oil was produced make a joint OF ESTATES AND TRUSTS. subsection and section 613A (d) (1) . in the election under this subsection, the monthly " (a) REQUIREMENT .-Under regulations case of taxable crude oil (within the mean­ statement required to be furnished by the prescribed by the Secretary, each partner­ ing of section 4988 (a) ) , gross income from purchaser under subsection (a) shall be fut­ ship, estate, and trust producing domestic the proper.ty shall be reduced by the amount nished by such operator. crude oil for any taxable period shall furnish of the windfall profit (within the meaning "(c) TIME FOR FILING MONTHLY STATE­ to each partner or beneficiary, as the case of section 4989 (a) ) and taxable income shall MENT.-Each monthly statement required to may be, a written statement showing the be determined without regard to the tax be furnished under subsection (a) or (b) for following: imposed by section 4986." any month shall be furnished before the first "(1) the name of such partner or benefi­ (C) TIME FOR FILING RETURN OF WINDFALL day of the second month which begins after ciary, the close of such month. PROFIT TAX; DEPOSITARY REQUIREMENTS.- "(2) information received by the partner­ ( 1) TIME FOR FILING RETURN OF WINDFALL "(d) CERTIFICATION FURNISHED BY 0PERA­ TOR .-Under regulations prescribed by the ship, trust, or estate pursuant to section PROFIT TAX .- 6050C. ( A) Part V of subchap.ter A of chapter 61 Secretary, the operator of the well from (relating to time for filing ret.urns and other which crude oil subject to the tax imposed "(3) such partner's or beneficiary's dis­ documents) is amended by adding at the under section 4986 was produced shall certify tributive share of the itexns referred to in end thereof the following new section: (at such time and in such manner as the paragraph (2), and Secretary shall by regulations prescribe) to " ( 4) such other information as may be "SEC. 6076. TIME FOR FILING RETURN OF WIND­ required by regulations prescribed by the FALL PROFIT TAX. the purchaser the base price (within the meaning of section 4990) with respect to Secretary. "(a) GENERAL RuLE.- Each return of the such crude oil. For purposes of section 6652 "(b) TIME FOR FURNISHING WRITTEN STATE­ tax imposed by section 4986 (relating to (b) (relating to additions to tax for failure MENT.-Each written statement required to windfall profit tax) for any taxable period to file other returns) such certification shall be furnished under this section with re­ (within the meaning of section 499l(b) (7) ) be treated as a statement of a payment to spect to any taxable period shall be fur­ shall be filed not later than the last day another person. nished before the first day of the third of the second month following the close of " (e) CROSS REFERENCES.- month following the close of such period." the taxable period. " ( 1) For additions to tax for failure to (2) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.-The table Of "(b) CROSS REFERENCE .- furnish information required under this sec­ sections for such subpart B is amended by "For depositary requirements appllcable tion, see section 6652(b). adding at the end thereof the following new to the tax imposed by section 4986, see sec­ "(2) For penalty for willful failure to sup­ item: tion 6302(d) ." ply information required under this section, (B) The table of sections for such part V 7241." "Sec. 6050D. Windfall profit information to be furnished to partners and is amended by adding at the end thereof the (2) TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMEND­ following new item: to beneficiaries of estates MENTS.- and trusts." "Sec. 6076. Time for filing return of windfall (A) Section 6652 (b) is amended by strik­ profit tax." (g) EFFECTIVE DATE.-The amendments ing out "or section 6051 (d)" and inserting in made by this Act shall take effect on June 1, (2) DEPOSITARY REQUIREMENTS.-8ection lieu thereof the following : "section 60500 1979 .• 6302 (relating to mode or time of collection) (relating to information regarding windfall is amended by redesignating subsection (d ) profit tax on domestic crude oil), or section as subsection (e) and by inserting after sub­ 605l(d)". SENATE COMMITTEE MEETINGS section (c) the following new subsection: (B) The table of sections for subpart B of "(d) WINDFALL PROFIT TAX.-The mode part III of subchapter A of chapter 61 is Title IV of Senate Resolution 4, and time for collecting the tax imposed by amended by adding at the end thereof the agreed to by the Senate on February 4, section 4986 (relating to windfall profit tax) following new item: shall be established by the Secretary by 1977, calls for establishment of a system "SEc. 60500. Information furnished by pur­ regulations." for a computerized schedule of all meet­ chaser and operator regarding ings and hearings of Senate committees, (3) TECHNICAL AMENDMENT.-8ection 7512 windfall prolt tax on domestic (relating to separate accounting for certain crude oil." subcommittees, joint committees, and collected taxes, etc.) is amended- committees of conference. This title re­ ( A) by striking out "or by chapter 33" in (e) CRIMINAL PENALTY FOR FAILURE TO quires all such committees to notify the subsections (a) and (b) and inserting in lieu FURNISH CERTAIN INFORMATIONS.- Office of the Senate Daily Digest-desig­ thereof ", by chapter 33, or by section 4986". (!) IN GENERAL .-Part II of subchapter A and of chapter 75 (relating to penalties appllcable nated by the Rules Committee-of the (B) by striking out " or chapter 33" in sub­ to certain taxes) is amended by adding at the time, place, and purpose of all meetings, sections (b) and (c) and inserting in Ueu end thereof the following new section: when scheduled, and any cancellations thereof " , chapter 33, or section 4986". "SEC. 7241. WILLFUL FAILURE TO FuRNISH or changes in the meetings as they occur. (d) CERTAIN INFORMATION REQUIRED To BE CERTAIN INFORMATION REGARD­ As an interim procedure until the FURNISHED.- ING WINDFALL PROFIT TAX ON computerization of this information be­ (!) GENERAL RULE .-Subpart B of part III DOMESTIC CRUDE OIL. of subchapter A of chapter 61 (relating to comes operational the Office of the Sen­ information concerning transactions with "Any person who is required under section ate Daily Digest will prepare this infor­ other persons) is amended by adding at the 6050C (or regulations thereunder) to furnish mation for printing in the Extensions of end thereof the following new section: any statement, information, or certification Remarks section Of the CONGRESSIONAL to any other person and who willfully fails "SEC. 6050C. INFORMATION FURNISHED BY to furnish such statement, information, or RECORD on Monday and Wednesday of PURCHASER AND OPERATOR certification at the time or times required by each week. REGARDING WINDFALL PROFIT law or regulations, shall, in addition to other Any changes in committee scheduling TAX ON DOMESTIC CRUDE OIL. penalties provided by law, be guilty of a mis­ will be indicated by placement of an as­ "(a) CERTAIN INFORMATION FuRNISHED BY demeanor and upon conviction thereof, shall terisk to the left of the name of the unit PURCHASER .-Under regulations prescribed by be fined not more than $10,000, or imprisoned conducting such meetings. the Secretary, the purchaser of taxable crude not more than 1 year, or both, together with oil (within the meaning of section 4988) the costs of prosecution." Meetings scheduled for Tuesday, shall furnish to the taxpayer liable for tax (2) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.-The table Of June 5, 1979, may be found in the Daily under section 4986 with respect to such oil sections for such part II is amended by Digest of today's RECORD. a monthly statement showing the following: adding at the end thereof the following MEETINGS SCHEDULED " ( 1) the amount of taxable crude oil pur­ new item: chased from such taxpayer during such JUNE6 "Sec. 7241. Willful failure to furnish cer­ 9:00a.m. month, tain information regarding "(2) the removal price of such oil, Labor and Human Resources windfall profit tax on domestic To hold hearings on the work place " ( 3) the base price and the adjusted base crude oil." price with respect to such oil, and higher education and their "(4) the amount of such taxpayer's liabil­ (f) INFORMATION FURNISHED BY PARTNER· perspectives for the coming decade. ity for tax under section 4986 with respect to SHIPS, TRUSTS, AND ESTATES.- 4232 Dirksen Building such oil, and ( 1) INFORMATION TO BE FURNISHED TO PART­ 9:30a.m. "(5) such other information as may be re­ NERS AND TO BENEFICIARIES OF ESTATES AND Judiciary quired by regulations prescribed by the Sec· TRUSTs .-Subpart B of part III of subchap­ Constitution Subcommittee retary. ter A of chapter 61 is amended by adding at To hold hearings on S. 414, to allow uni­ "(b) INFORMATION FuRNISHED BY 0PERA­ the end thereof the following new section: versities, nonprofit organizations, and TOR .-Under regulations prescribed by the "SEC. 6050D. WINDFALL PROFIT INFORMATION small businesses to obtain limited Secretary, if the purchaser of taxable crude To BE FURNISHED TO PART· patent protection on discoveries they June 4, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13325 have made under Government-sup­ Rules and Administration 2:00p.m. ported research. To consider the nominations of Thom­ Appropriations 2228 Dirksen Building as E. Harris, of Virginia, and Frank P. Energy and Water Development Subcom­ •veterans' Affairs Reiche, of New Jersey, each to be a mittee To hold hearings on S. 870, proposed Member of the Federal Election Com­ To receive testimony on proposed budget GI Blll Amendments Act, S. 830, to mission, to be followed by considera­ estimates for fiscal year 1980 and pro­ eliminate the State's required pay­ tion of pending legislative and admin­ posed supplemental funds for fiscal ment in the educational assistance istrative business. 301 Russell Building year 1979 for the Federal Energy Reg­ allowance program provided for vet­ ulatory Commission, Department of erans, and S. 881, to provide for the 2:00p.m. Energy. protection of certain officers and em­ Appropriations 8-126, Capitol ployees of the VA assigned to perform Energy and Water Development Subcom­ Governmental Affairs investigative or law enforcement func­ mittee To hold hearings on the nomination of tions. To receive testimony on proposed sup­ Ruth T. Prokop, of the District of 6226 Dirksen Building plemental functs for fiscal year 1979 Columbia, to be Chairman of the Select on Ethics for the Army Corps of Engineers, and Merit Systems Protection Board. To continue hearin~ in conjunction the Bureau of Reclamation, Depart­ 3302 Dirksen Building with the investigation of Senator Tal­ ment of the Interior, and to receive Judiciary madge's alleged abuse of certain fi­ further testimony on proposed budg­ To hold hearings on the following nomi­ nancial reporting rules of the Senate. et estimates for fiscal year 1980 for nations, Valdemar A. Cordova, of Ari­ 1202 Dirksen Building these programs. zona, to be U.S. District Judge for the •Joint Economic 8-126, Capitol District of Arizona; Jon 0. Newman, To continue hearings on national indus­ JUNE 7 of Connecticut, to be U.S. Circuit trial productivity. 9:00a.m. Judge for the Second Circuit; and 457 Russell Bulldl.ng Labor and Human Resources Amalya L. Kearse, of New York, to be 10:00 a.m. To continue hearings on the workplace U.S. Circuit Judge for the Second Cir­ Armed Services and higher education and their per­ cuit. Closed business meeting, to mark up S. spectives for the coming decade. 2228 Dirksen Building 4232 Dirksen Building 856, authorizing funds for fiscal year JUNE 8 1980 for military construction pro­ Labor and Human Resources 9:30a.m. grams, Department of Defense; S. 975, Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ Judiciary authorizing funds for fiscal year 1980 mittee for intelligence operations of the Fed­ To hold oversight hearings on the im­ Antitrust, Monopoly and Business Rights eral Government; and H.R. 2154, to re­ plementation of the national blood Subcommittee vise and update the Strategic and policy program. To hold hearings on a proposed amend­ Critical Materials Stock Piling Act to 318 Rus:!ell Building ment to S. 390, to expedite and re­ conform the law to current stockpile 9:30a.m. duce the cost of enforcing antitrust policies and strengthen the role of laws. Labor and Human Resources 5110 Dirksen Building Congress 1n stockpile rna tters. Aging Subcommittee 212 Russell Building To hold hearings on the impact of the 10:00 a.m. Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs energy crisis on the elderly. Commerce, Science, and Transportation Economic Stabilization Subcommittee 1223 Dirksen Building Communications Subcommittee To resume oversight hearings on the Select on Ethics To continue hearings on S. 611 and 622, economic impact of gasoline shortages. To continue hearings in conjunction bllls providing for the development 5302 Dirksen Building with the investigation of Senator Tal­ of domestic, international, and rul'al Commerce, Science, and Transportation madge's alleged abuse of certain finan­ broadcasting stations, focusing on the Communications Subcommittee cial reporting rules of the Senate. implementation of cable television To continue hearings on S. 611 and 622, 1202 Dirksen Building the National Commission on Spec­ bllls providing for the development of 10:00 a.m. trum Management, and public re­ domestic, international, and rural Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs source fee schedules for nonbroad­ broadcasting stations, focusing on the Business meeting to mark up proposed cast uses of the electromagnetic fre­ implementation of cable television, legislation authorizing funds for pub­ quency spectrum. the National Commission on Spec­ He works and economic development 235 Russell Building trum Management, and public re­ programs of the Economic Develop­ JUNE 11 source fee schedules for nonbroadcast ment Administration. 9:00a.m. uses of the electromagnetic frequency 5302 Dirksen Building Judiciary spectrum. Commerce, Science, and Transportation Antitrust, Monopoly, and Business Rights 1318 Dirksen Building Communications Subcommittee Subcommittee Commerce, Science, and Transportation To continue hearings on S. 611 and 622, To hold oversight hearings on the activ­ Surface Transportation Subcommittee b1lls providing for the development of ities of the railroad industry relating To resume hearings on S. 796, proposed domestic, international, and rural to the policy of promoting railroad Railroad Deregulation Act. broadcasting stations, focusing on the mergers. 235 Russell Building implementation of cable television, 457 Russell Building the National Commission on Spectrum Energy and Natural Resources 9:30a.m. To resume consideration of S. 688, au­ Management, and public resource fee schedules for nonbroadcast uses of the Judiciary thorizing funds for fiscal year 1980 Constitution Subcommittee for civilian programs of the Depart­ electromagnetic frequency spectrum. ment of Energy. 6226 Dirksen Building To resume hearings on S. 506, to pro­ 3110 Dirksen Building Commerce, Science, and Transportation vide the Department of Housing and Finance Surface Transportation Subcommittee Urban Development with new en­ International Trade Subcommittee To continue hearings on S. 796, proposed forcement powers to insure compli­ To hold hearings to explore the economic Railroad Deregulation Act. ance with statutes guaranteeing issues raised by the changes in the 235 Russell Building equal access to housing in the United relationships in the next decade among States. Energy and Natural Resources 2228 Dirksen Building the U.S., Canada, Mexico, and the Car­ To continue consideration of S. 688, au­ ibbean. countries. Select on Ethics thorizing funds for fiscal year 1980 for To resume hearings in conjunction with 2221 Dirksen Building civ111an programs of the Department *Foreign Relations the investigation of Senator Tal­ of Energy. madge's alleged abuse of certain To hold hearings on the status of the 3110 Dirksen Building financial reporting rules of the international tax treaties. Foreign Relations Senate. 8-116, Capitol 1202 Dirksen Bullding Governmental Affairs To receive a briefing, in closed session, on the Middle East situation. 10:00 a.m. To continue hearings on S. 262, 445, and Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 755, to require that all Federal agen­ 8-ll6, Capitol cies conduct a regulatory analysis be­ Governmental Affairs International Finance Subcommittee fore issuing regulations and to re­ To hold hearings on S. 2, to provide for a To hold hearings on S. 339, to fac111tate quire the use of less time-consuming review of Govermnent programs every U.S. exports relative to credit to Com­ procedures to decide cases. ten years. munist countries. 3302 Dirksen Building 3302 Dirksen Bullding 5302 Dirksen Building 13326 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 4, .1979 Labor and Human Resources implementation of cable television, panies to conduct post-marketing and .. Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ the National Commission on Spectrum scientific investigations of approved mittee Management, and public resource fee drugs, to transmit drug information To resume hearings on S. 1177, to estab­ schedules for nonbroa.dcast uses of the to patients and health professionals lish a partnership between the Fed­ electromagnetic frequency spectrum. regarding the use of approved drugs. eral Government and the States in 235 Russell Building 4232 Dirksen Building the planning and provision of mental Energy and Natural Resources JUNE 15 health services. Energy Conservation and Supply Sub­ 10:00 a.m. 4232 Dirksen Building committee Commerce, Science, and Transportation JUNE 12 To continue hearings on S. 950, proposed Communications Subcommittee 9:00a.m. Omnibus Solar Energy Commeroializa­ To continue hearings on S. 611 and 622, Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs tion Act. bills providing for the development of Housing and Urban Affairs Subcommittee 3110 Dirksen Bullding domestic, international, and rural To hold oversight hearings on housing Environment and Public Works broadcasting stations, focusing on the issues relating to tax-exempt mort­ Water Resources Subcommittee implementation of cable television, gage revenue bonds. To continue hearings on S. 703, to pro­ the National Commission on Spectrum 5302 Dirksen Building vide for the study, advanced engineer­ Management, and public resource fee •veterans' Affairs ings, and design and or construction schedules for nonbroadcast uses of the To hold hearings on S. 689, proposed of certain public works projects for electromagnetic frequency spectrum. Veterans' Disability Compensation navigation and flood control on rivers 235 Russell Building and Survivors Benefits Act, and S. and harbors in the United States and JUNE 18 754, proppsed Veterans' Insurance trust territories. 10:00 a.m. Amendments Act. 4200 Dirksen Building Commerce, Science, and Transportation 6226 Dirksen Building 2:00p.m. Communications Subcommittee 9:30a.m. Labor and Human Resources To resume hearings on S. 611 and 622, Select on Ethics Business meeting, to mark up S. 570, bills providing for the development To continue hearings in conjunction to control increases in hospital reve­ of domestic, international, and rural with the investigation of Senator nues (Hospital Cost Containment). broadcasting stations, focusing on the Talmadge's alleged abuse of certain 4232 Dirksen Building implementation of cable television, financial reporting rules of the Sen­ JUNE 14 the National Commission on Spec­ ate. 9:30a.m. trum Management, and public re­ 1202 Dirksen Building • Energy and Natural Resources source fee schedules for nonbroadcast­ 10:00 a.m. Energy Regulation Subcommittee ing uses of the electromagnetic fre­ Energy and Natural Resources To hold hearings on the Department of quency spectrum. Energy Conservation and Supply Subcom­ Energy's report on the status of the 235 Russell Building mittee petroleum situation. Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs To hold hearings on S. 950, proposed 3110 Dirksen Building International Finance Subcommittee Omnibus Solar Energy Commereiallza­ Select on Ethics To hold hearings on S. 864, to establish tionAct. To continue hearings in conjunction an office within the Department of 3110 Dirksen Bulldlng with the investigation of Senator Tal­ Commerce, which would promote and Environment and Publlc Works madge's alleged abuse of certain fi­ encourage the formation and utiliza­ Water Resources Subcommittee nancial reporting rules of the Senate. tion of export trade associations. To hold hearings on S. 703, to provide 1202 Dirksen Building 5302 Dirksen Building for the study, advanced engineerings, 10:00 a.m. Environment and Public Works and design and or construction o! Commerce, Science, and Transportation Water Resources Subcommittee certain publlc works ,Projects for navi­ Communications Subcommittee To resume hearings on S. 703, to pro­ gation and flood control on rivers and To continue hearings on S. 611, and 622, vide for the study, advanced engi­ harbors in the United States and trust bills providing for the development of neerings, and design and or construc­ tterrltortes. domestic, international, and rural tion of certain public works projects 4200 Dirksen .Btullding broadcasting stations, focusing on the for navigation and flood control on 10:30 a.m. implementation of cable television, rivers and harbors in the United Judiciary the National Commission on Spectrum States and trust territories. Antitrust, Monopoly, and Business Rights Management, and public resource fee 4200 Dirksen Building Subcommittee schedules for nonbroadcast uses of the · JUNE 19 To resume hearings on a proposed electromagnetic frequency spectrum. 9:30 a.m. amendment to S. 390, to expedite and 235 Russell Building Commerce, Science, and Transportation reduce the cost of enforcing existing Energy and Natural Resources To resume oversight hearings on the antitrust laws. trucking industry's economic regula­ 5110 Dirksen Bud.lding Business meeting on pending calendar business. tion by the Federal Government, 2:30p.m. focusing on household moving and Labor and Human Resources 3110 Dirksen Building Energy and Natural Resources the problems confronting both the Health and Scientific Researeh Suboom­ household goods carriers and the con­ mittee Energy Regulation Subcommittee sumers they serve. To receive testimony from the Energy Business meeting to begin ma.rk up 01! 235 Russell Building s. 772-787, S. 1045, and S. 1075, bllls Information Administration on the to require drug companies to conduct current energy supply situation. *Energy and Natural Resources postmarketing and scientific investi­ 3110 Dirksen Building To hold oversight hearings on the ac­ gations of approved drugs, to transmit tivities of programs administered by Select on Indian Affairs the Surface Mining Control and Rec­ drug information to patlients and To hold hearings on S. 668, to allow the health professionals regarding the lamation Act of 1977. Cow Creek Band of the Umpqua In­ 3110 Dirksen Building use of approved drugs. dians of Oregon to file a claim with 4232 Dirksen Building tb e U.S. Court of Claims for alleged Labor and Human Resources Education, Arts, and the Humanities Sub­ JUNE 13 failure of the United States to fulfill treaty obligations. committee 9:30a.m. To resume oversight hearings to explore Select on Ethics 6226 Dirksen Building To continue hearings in conjunction 10:30 a.m. the areas of basic learning skills used in elementary and secondary schools. with the investigation of Senator Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs To hold oversight hearings on the activi­ 4232 Dirksen Building Talmadge's alle~ed abuse of certain 10:00 a.m. financial reporting rules of the Senate. ties of financial institutions relative to the sale of insurance. Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 6226 Dirksen Building International Finance Subcommittee 5302 Dirksen Building 10:00 a.m. To continue hearings on S. 864, to estab­ Commerce, Science, and Transportation 2:00 p.m. lish an office within the Department Communications Subcommittee Labor and Human Resources of Commerce, which would promote To resume hearings on S. 611 and 622, Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ and encourage the formation and bills providing for the development mittee utilization of export trade associa­ of domestic, international, and rural To resume mark up of S. 772-787, S. 1045, tions. broadcasting stations, focusing on the and S. 1075, bills to require drug com- 5302 Dirksen Building June 4, 1979 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13327 commerce, Science, and Transportation Labor and Human Resources 10:00 a.m. Communications Subcommittee To continue hearings on S. 446, proposed Energy and Natural Resources To continue hearings on S. 611 and 622, Equal Employment Opportunity for Energy Conservation and Supply Subcom­ bills providing for the development the Handicapped Act. mittee of domestic, international, and rural 4232 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on S. 734, proposed broadcasting stations, focusing on the 10:00 a.m . Federal Power Marketing Revolving implementation of cable television, Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Fund Act. Financial Institutions Subcommittee the National Commission on Spec­ 3110 Dirksen Building trum Management, and public re­ To hold hearings on proposed legislation source fee schedules for nonbroadcast to establish financial reform programs. Environment and Public Works uses of the electromagnetic frequency 5302 Dirksen Building Water Resources Subcommittee spectrum. Commerce, Science, and Transportation To hold hearings on proposed cost shar­ 1202 Dirksen Building Surface Transportation Subcommittee ing factors for water resources proj­ Environment and Public Works To continue hearings on S. 796, proposed ects. Water Resources Subcommittee Railroad Deregulation Act. 4200 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on S. 703, to pro­ 235 Russell Building Labor and Human Resources vide for the study, advanced engineer­ •Labor and Human Resources Education, Arts, and the Humanities Sub­ ings, and design and or construction of Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ committee certain public works projects for nav­ mittee To hold hearings on proposed authoriza­ igation and flood control on rivers and To continue hearings on S. 568, to pro­ tions through fiscal year 1964 for the harbors in the United States and trust vide for the potential contribution and National Endowment for the Arts, the territories. advancement of women in scientific, National Endowment for the Human­ 4200 Dirksen Building professional, and technical careers, ities, and the Institute of Museum JUNE 20 and on proposed national health in­ Services. surance programs. 9:00 a.m. 1114 Dirksen Building Veterans' Affairs 457 Russell Building To hold hearings on veterans' claims for 2:00p.m . JUNE 27 disab111tles resulting from the effects Labor and Human Resources 9:00a.m. of nuclear weapons testing. Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ Labor and Human Resources 6226 Dirksen Building mittee To continue hearings on S. 1076, pro­ 9:30 a.m. To continue mark up of S. 772-787, S. posed Multiemployer Pension Plan Labor and Human Resources 1045, and S. 1075, bills to require drug Amendments Act. To hold hearings on S. 446, proposed companies to conduct post-marketing 4232 Dirksen Building Equal Employment Opportunity for and scientific investigations of ap­ 9:30a.m. the Handicapped Act. proved drugs, to transmit drug infor­ Commerce, Science, and Transportation 4232 Dirksen Building mation to patients and health pro­ To continue oversight hearings on the 10:00 a.m. fessionals regarding the use of ap­ trucking industry's economic regula­ Commerce, Science, and Transportation proved drugs. tion by the Federal Government. Surface Transportation Subcommittee EF-100, Capitol 235 Russell Building To resume hearings on S. 796, proposed JUNE 25 Railroad Deregulation Act. 9:30a.m. Commerce, Science, and Transporta.tion 235 Russell Building Finance Science, Technology, and Space Subcom­ Energy and Natural Resources Taxation and Debt Management Sub­ mittee Business meeting on pending calendar committee To resume hearings on proposed l(!gis­ business. To hold hearings on S. 192 and 208, bills lation to develop techniques for ana­ 3110 Dirksen Building to provide for the tax treatment of lyzing and stimulating technological Labor and Human Reserves foreign investors for property located and industrial innovation by the Fed­ •Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ in the United States. eral Government. mittee 2221 Dirksen Building 6226 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on S. 568, to provide 10:00 a.m. 10:00 a.m. for the potential contribution and ad­ •Labor and Human Resources Energy and Natural Resources vancement of women in scientific, professional, and technical careers, Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ Business meeting on pending calendar and on proposed national health in­ mittee business. surance programs. To hold hearings to investigate the en­ 3110 Dirksen Building 457 Russell Building vironmental effects of low level Labor and Human Resources 3:00p.m . radiation. Education, Arts, and the Humanities Sub­ Labor and Human Resources 4232 Dirksen Building committee 2 :00p.m. Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ To continue hearings on proposed au­ mittee Labor and Human Resources thorizations through fiscal year 1984 To resume markup of S. 772- 787, S. 1045, Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ for the National Endowment for the and S. 1075, bills to require drug com­ mittee Arts. the National Endowment for the panies to conduct postmarketing and To resume mark up of S. 772-787, s. Humanities, and the Institute of Mu­ scientific investigations of approved 1045, and S. 1075, bills to require drug seum Services. drugs, to transmit drug information to companies to conduct post-marketing 1318 Dirksen BUilding patients and health professionals re­ and scientific investigations of ap­ garding the use of approved drugs. JUNE 28 proved drugs, to transmit drug infor­ 10:00 a.m. S-207, Capitol mation to patients and health pro­ JUNE 21 fessionals regarding the use of ap­ Energy and Natural Resources 9:30a.m. proved drugs. Energy Conservation and Supply Subcom­ Commerce, Science, and Transportation EF-100, Capitol mittee Science, Technology, and Space Subcom­ JUNE 26 To resume hearings on S. 734, proposed mittee 9:00a.m. Federal Power Marketing Revolving Fund Act. To hold hearings on S. 1250, to develop Labor and Human Resources techniques for analyzing and stimu­ 3110 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on S. 1076, proposed Labor and Human Resources lating technological and industrial Multiemployer Pension Plan Amend­ innovation by the Federal Govern­ ments Act. Education, Arts, and the Humanities Sub­ ment. committee 4232 Dirksen Building 6226 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on proposed au­ 9:30 a.m. •Energy and Natural Resources thorizations through fiscal year 1984 To resume oversight hearings on the ac­ Commerce, Science, and Transportation for the National Endowment for the tivities of programs administered by To resume oversight hearings on the Arts, the National Endowment for the the Surface Mining Control and Rec­ trucking industry's economic regula­ Humanities, and the Institute of Mu­ lamation Act of 1977. tion by the Federal Government. seum Services. 3110 Dirksen Building 235 Russell Building 4232 Dirksen Building 13328 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE June 5, 1979 JULY 10 Energy and Natural Resources 10:00 a.m . 10:00 a.m. Energy Resources and Materials Produc­ Rules and Administration Energy and Natural Resources tion Subcommittee To hold hearings on S. 623, proposed Energy Resources and Materials Produc­ To resume oversight hearings on the Senate Election Reform Act, to be fol­ tion Subcommittee implementation of the Outer Conti­ lowed by consideration of legislative To hold oversight hearings on the imple­ nental Shelf Leasing program. and administrative business. mentation of the Outer Continental 3110 Dirksen Building 301 Russell Building Shelf Leasing program. JUNE 7 3110 Dirksen Building JULY 24 10:00 a.m. JULY 11 9:30a.m . Rules and Administration 9:30a.m. Labor and Human Resources To continue hearings on S. 623, pro­ Labor and Human Resources To resume hearings on S. 446 , proposed posed Senate Election Reform Act, to To hold hearings on youth and the work Equal Employment Opportunity for be followed by consideration of leg­ place and their perspectives for the the Handicapped Act. islative and administrative business. coming decade. 4232 Dirksen Building 301 Russell Bullding JUNE 8 4232 Dirksen Building 9:00a.m . 10 a.m. JULY 25 9 :00a.m. •Labor and Human Resources Commerce, Science, and Transportation Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Subcommittee Aviation Subcommittee •veterans' Affairs To hold hearings on S. 759 , to provide for To hold hearings to examine the effec­ To hold hearings on the certification and t he right of the United States to re­ tiveness of warning labels on alcoholic inspection procedures of the DC 10 cover the costs of hospital nursing beverages. and other types of aircraft. home or outpatient medical care 6226 Dirksen Building 235 Russell Building furnished by the Veterans' Adminis­ 9:30a.m. tration to veterans for non-service­ Labor and Human Resources JULY 12 connected disablllties to t he extent Education, Arts, and the Humanities Sub­ 9 :30 a .m. that they have health insurance or committee Labor and Human Resources similar contracts. To resume oversight hearings to explore To continue hearings on youth and the 6226 Dirksen Building the areas of basic learning skills used work place and their perspectives for in elementary and secondary schools. the coming decade. ~232 Dirksen Building 4232 Dirksen Building CANCELLATIONS Select on Ethics Veterans Affairs JUNE 6 9 :30a.m . To continue hearings in conjunction To hold oversight hearings on the ef­ with the investigation of Senator Tal­ forts made by the Veterans' Adminis­ Commerce, Science, and Transportation madge's alleged abuse of certain fi­ tration to provide information on ben­ Science, Technology, and Space Subcom­ nancial reporting rules of the benate. efits due incarcerated veterans. mit tee 1202 Dirksen Building 6226 Dirksen Building To hold joint hearings with the House JUNE 12 10:00 a.m. Subcommittee on Science, Research 10:00 a.m. Commerce, Science, and Transportation and Technology of the Committee on Rules and Administration Aviation Subcommittee Science and Technology, to examine To resume hearings on S. 623, proposed To continue hearings on the certification U.S. policies and initiatives of the U.S. Senate Election Reform Act, to be fol­ and inspection procedures of the DC Conference on Science and Technology lowed by consideration of legislative 10 and other types of aircraft. for Development. and administrative business. 235 Russell Building 5110 Dirksen Building 301 Russell Building

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Tuesday, June 5, 1979

The House met at 12 o'clock noon. proceedings and announces to the House The message also announced that the Rev. Wayne A. Gardner, pastor, Wake his approval thereof. Senate had passed a bill of the follow­ Chapel Christian Church, Fuquay­ Pursuant to clause 1, rule I, the Jour­ ing title, in which the concurrence of the Varina, N.C., offered the following nal stands approved. House is requested: prayer: S. 292. An act to reduce the fiscal year Almighty God, creator of Heaven and 1980 authorization for appropriations for the Earth, we praise Thee today for Thy MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE special supplemental food program. blessings great and small and for the A message from the Senate, by Mr. privileges that are ours in this great land. Sparrow, one of its clerks, announced REV. WAYNE A. GARDNER We ask Your blessings upon the Mem­ that the Senate agrees to the report of bers of this House, that with minds to the committee of conference on the dis­

D This symbol represents the time of day during the House Proceedings, e.g., D 1407 is 2:07 p.m. • This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor.