4786 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE March 1, 1976 Robert B. Hallock II Ronald L. Endsley stoned officers in the grade of lieutenant William H. Bourland William J. Thrall Joseph E. Blanchard Gary C. Rowland (junior grade) : Joseph A. Walker, Jr. William E. Thibault Merritt H. Aurich IV John L. Congdon David L. Robinson Mark E. Charbonneau Norman K. McBride Robert E. Drake, Jr. Steven B. Spencer Richard W. Tate Charles R. Mumford Bernard P. O'Brien, Kenneth R. Grover Robert G. Winter Douglas S. Neeb John C. Luther David M. Donaldson Jr. David L. Walts Grover C. Brecken- Harrison F. Deitrick Jerry W. Degan Paul J. Howard ridge Harry A. Vaughn Gaetano Martini 'I'imothy C. Healey James D. Jones Joseph J. Fontana Edward N. Spencer CONFIRMATION Kirk A. Smith James E. Andrews Terry L. Lott Douglas R. Halsey Francis J. Sambor William H. Bourland James D. Manclark William E. Hensley Executive nomination confirmed by the Michael M. Matune, Joseph A. Walker, Jr. Barry E. Erickson Robert A. Taylor Senate March 1, 1976: Jr. Norman K. McBride William A. Dickerson Jon A. Thulin John J. Giglio Kenneth R. Grover .AMERICAN REVOLUTION BICENTENNIAL III Ronald L. Endsley ADMINISTRATION Glenn A. Gipson William J. Thrall James H. Williams Gary C. Rowland Richard W. Fish William E. Thibault Edward G. Webb John L. Congdon Jean McKee, of New York, to be Deputy Dennis A. Sande Robert E. Drake, Jr. Lawrence H. Walter Richard W. Tate Administrator of the American Revolution Dennis E. Oldacres Robert G. Winter Alexandre Legault John C. Luther Bicentennial Administration. Frederick L. Johnson Terrence J. Sherman James L. Mcclinton Grover C. Brecken- The above nomination was approved sub­ Anthony Dupree, Jr. Charles W. Belsky ridge ject to the nominee's commitment to respond The following named temporary officers of Edward M. Howey James D. Jones to requests to appear and testify before any the Coast Guard to be permanent com.mis- Michael J. Haucke James E. Andrews duly constituted committee of the Senate.

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Monday, March 1, 1976

The House met at 12 o'clock noon. cal year ending June 30, 1976, the period end­ (2) by adding at the end thereof the fol­ The Chaplain, Rev. Edward O. Latch, ing September 30, 1978, and the fiscal year lowing new subsection: D.D., offered the following prayer: ending September 30, 1979, and for other "(b) A surviving spouse whose survivor purposes. annuity under this title was terminated be­ O praise the Lo1·d, all ye nations; cause of remarriage and is later re3tored may, praise Him all ye people, for His merciful The message also announced that the under such regulations as the Civil Service kind.ness is great toward us; and the Senate insists upon its amendments to Commission may prescribe, enroll in a health truth of the Lord endureth forever. the joint resolution (H.J. Res. 801> en­ benefits plan described by section 8903 of Praise ye the Lord.-Psalms 117. titled "Joint resolution n:aking supple­ this title if such spouse was covered by any OGod- mental railroad appropriations for the such plan immediately before such annuity fiscal year ending June 30, 1976, the pe­ was terminated."; and "We pray for this great land of ours (3) in the section caption, by striking out Founded by men who put their trust riod ending September 30, 1976, the fiscal 30, 1978, "employee" and inserting in lieu thereof in Thee; year ending September and the "employee and survivor annuitants". Help us again to find the mighty powers fiscal year ending September 30, 1979, (b) The item relating to section 8908 ap­ Of truth and faith and hope, to set and for other purposes," disagreed to by pearing in the analysis of chapter 89 of title us free. the House; agrees to the conference 5, United States Code, is amended to read as Inspire our leaders, give us grace to find asked by the House on the disagreeing follows: The people who can steer the ship of votes of the two Houses thereon, and ap­ "8908. Coverage of restored employees and state. points Mr. BAYH, Mr. McCLELLAN, Mr. survivor annuitants.". In troubled waters, men who are not ROBERT c. BYRD, Mr. STENNIS, Mr. MAG­ SEC. 2. The amendments made by the first blind NUSON, Mr. PASTORE, Mr. EAGLETON, Mr. section of this Act shall take effect on Octo­ CASE, Mr. YOUNG, Mr. STEVENS, Mr. ber 1, 1976, or on the date of the enactment Through pettiness, self-interest or of this Act, whichever date is later. such hate. MATHIAS, and Mr. SCHWEIKER to be con­ amendments shall apply with respect to in­ And may we pledge, as statesmen long ferees on the part of the Senate. dividuals whose survivor annuities are re­ ago, . The message also announced that the stored before, on, ·or after such date. Our sacred honor, lives, and fortunes, Senate had passed bills of the following titles, in which the concurrence of the With the following committee amend­ too, ment: To keep our country free-for well we House is requested: S. 2255. An act for the general revision of Page 2, line 8, strike out "employee" and know insert "employees". That freedom only comes through the Patent Laws, title 85 of the United States Code, and for other purposes; and serving Thee." S. 3028. An act to amend sections 5315 and The committee amendment was agreed Amen. 5316 of title 5, United States Code. to. The bill was ordered to be engrossed THE JOURNAL and read a third time, was read the third CONSENT CALENDAR time, and passed, and a motion to recon­ The SPEAKER. The Chair has exam­ sider was laid on the table. ined the Journal of the last day's pro­ The SPEAKER. This is Consent Calen­ ceedings and announces to the House his dar day. There are two bills on the Con- approval thereof. sent Calendar. The Clerk will call the CAREER STATUS FOR CERTAIN Without objection, the Journal stands first bill. FEDERAL EMPLOYEES WITH approved. OVERSEAS LIMITED APPOINT­ There was no objection. HEALTH BENEFITS COVERAGE FOR MENTS CERTAIN SURVIVOR ANNUITANTS The Clerk called the bill offset Slope of Alaska to the "lower 48" mar­ Community Services Act of 1974, to make any future embargo with stored kets. This legislation would make possible certain technical amendments, be re­ petroleum reserves and emergency production of about 1 trillion cubic feet moved from the suspension calendar and standby mc.sures. of additional natural gas each year by that it come up on the next regular sus­ -Third, to mobilize our technology the early 1980s. · pension date. and resources to sui: ply a significant We expect imports of liquefied nat­ The SPEAKER. The bill will not be share of the free world's energy ural gas osed energy facilities siting leg_ make a special contribution of up to $5 extracting, producing and using coal. islation and utility rate reform legisla­ million in the next 5 years to strengthen Again, however, th~ actions we can tion, as well as the Electric Utilities Con­ the safeguards program of the Interna­ take are not enough to meet our goals. struction Incentives Act complete the tional Atomic Energy Agency. Action by the Congress is essential. legislation which would provide the in­ It is essential that the Congress act I urge the Congress to enact the Clean centives, assistance and new procedures if we are to take timely advantage of our Air Act amendments I proposed which needed to assure that facilities are avail­ nuclear energy potential. I urge enact­ will provide the balance we need between able to provide additional domestic ener­ ment of the Nuclear Licensing Act to air quality and energy goals. These gy supplies. streamline the licensing procedures for amendments would permit greater use of ENERGY DEVELOPMENT IMPACT ASSISTANCE the construction of n~w powerplants. coal without sacrificing the air quality Some areas of the country will experi­ I again strongly urge the Congress to standards necessary to protect public ence rapid growth and change because of give high priority to my Nuclear Assur­ health. the development of Federally-owned en­ ance Act to provide enriched uranium OIL ergy resources. We must provide special needed for commercial nuclear power­ We must reverse t.l-te decline in the help to heavily impacted areas where this plants here and abroad. This proPosed Nation's oil production. I intend to im­ development will occur. legislation which I submitted in June plement the maximum production incen­ I urge the Congress to act quickly on 1975, would provide the basis for transi­ tives that can be justified under the new my proposed new, comprehensive, Federal tion to a private competitive uranium Energy Policy and Conservation Act. In Energy Impact Assistance Act which was enrichment industry and prevent the addition, the Department of the Interior submitted to the Congress on February 4, heavy drain on the Federal budget. If the will continue its aggressive Outer Con­ 1976. Federal Government were required to fi­ tinental Shelf development program This legislation would establish a $1 bil­ nance the necessary additional uranium while giving careful attention to en­ lion program of financial assistance to enrichment capacity, it would have to vironmental considerations. areas affected by new Federal energy re­ commit more than $8 billion over the next But these actions are not enough. We source development over the next 15 2 to 3 years and $2 billion annually need prompt action by the Congress on years. It would provide loans, loan guar­ thereafter. The taxpayers would eventu­ my proposals to allow production from antees and planning grants for energy­ ally be repaid for these expenditures but the Naval Petroleum Reserves. This leg­ related public facilities. Funds would be not until sometime in the 1990's~ Federal islation is now awaiting action by a repaid from future energy development. expenditures are not necessary under the House-Senate Conference Committee. Repayment of loans could be forgiven if provisions of this act since industry 1s Production from the reserves could development did not occur as expected. prepared to assume this responsibility provide almost 1 million barrels of oil This legislation is the only approach with limited Government cooperation per day by 1985 and will provide both which assures that communities that and some temporary assurances. Fur­ the funding and the oil for our strategic need assistance will get it where it is thermore, a commitment to new Fed­ oil reserves. needed, when it is needed. eral expenditures for uranium enrich­ I also urge the Congress to act quickly ENERGY CONSERVATION ment could interfere with efforts to on amending the Clean Air Act auto The Nation has made major progress increase funding for other critical energy emission standards that I proposed last in reducing energy consumption in the programs. June to achieve a balance between ob­ last two years but greatly increased sav­ COAL jectives for improving air quality, in­ ings can yet be realized in all sectors. Coal is the most abundant energy re­ creasing gasoline mileage, and avoiding I have directed that the Executive source available in the United States, unnecessary increases in costs to con­ Branch continue a strong energy man­ yet production is at the same level as in sumers. agement program. This program has al­ the 1920's and accounts for only about BUILDING ENERGY FACILITIES ready reduced energy consumption by 24 17 percent of the Nation's energy con­ In order to attain energy independ­ percent in the past two years, saving the sumption. Coal must be used increasingly ence for the United States, the construc­ equivalent of over 250,000 barrels of oil as an alternative to scarce, expensive or tion of numerous nuclear power plants, per day. insecure oil and natural gas supplies. We coal-fired power plants, oil refineries, We are moving to implement the con­ must act to remove unnecessary con­ synthetic fuel plants, and other facilities servation authorities of the new Energy straints on coal so that production can will be required over the next two dec­ Policy and Conservation Act, including grow from the 1975 level of 640 million ades. those calling for State energy conserva­ tons to over 1 billion tons by 1985 in order Again, action by the Congress is tion programs, and labeling of appliances to help achieve energy independence. needed. to provide consumers with energy effi- We are moving ahead where legisla­ I urge Congress to approve my Octo­ ciency information. · tive authority is available. ber 1975 proposal to create an Energy I have asked for a 63 percent incre.ase The Secretary of the Interior has Independence Authority, a new Govern­ in funding. for energy conservation re­ recently adopted a new coal .leasing ment corporation to assist private sector search and development in my 1977 policy for the leasing and development of financing of new energy facilities. budget. 4790 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE Match 1, 1976 If the Congress will provide needed opment; and conservation research and climate . and wilderness dominated our legislation, we will make more progress. development. ancestors lives, challenged their spirit I urge the Congress to pass legislation It is only through greater research and energies, and shaped attitudes that to provide for thermal efficiency stand­ and development efforts today that we served so well to forge a new Nation. We ards for new buildings, to enact my pro­ will be in a position beyond 1985 to sup­ have learned that our past progress was posed $55 million weatherization assist­ ply a significant share of the free world's often achieved without adequate regard ance program for low-income and elderly energy needs and technology. for the longer term consequences to our persons, and to provide a 15 percent tax SUMMARY air, water and land. Some have con­ credit for energy conservation improve­ I envision an energy future for the cluded from our past experiences that ments in existing residential buildings. United States free of the threat of em­ certain national objectives-such as a Together, these conservation proposals bargoes and arbitrary price increases by strong economy, an adequate supply of can save 450,000 barrels of oil per day by foreign governments. I see a world in energy, and an improved environment­ 1985. which all n:;i,tions strengthen their co­ are in conflict and we must choose INTERNATIONAL ENERGY ACTIVITIES operative efforts to solve critical energy among them. Others are concluding­ and I share their view-that we can We have also made significant progress problems. I envision a major expansion in the production and use of coal, aggressive make good progress toward all these ob­ in establishing an international energy jectives if our goals are realistic, our policy. The U.S. and other major oil exploration for domestic oil and gas, a resolve is firm, and our steps are deliber­ consuming nations have established a strong commitme.nt to nuclear power, ate. comprehensive long-term energy pro­ significant technological breakthroughs The Sixth Annual Report of the Coun­ gram through the International Energy in harnessing the unlimited potential cil on Environmental Quality which I Agency (!EA), committing ou.rselves to of solar energy and fusion power, and am forwarding to the Congress surveys continuing cooperation to reduce de­ a strengthened conservation ethic in our our environmental accomplishments and pendence on imported oil. By reducing use of energy. indicates that we have made much prog- demand for imported oil, consuming na­ I am convinced that the United States ress indeed. · tions can, over time, regain their in­ has the ability to achieve energy inde­ The Council's summary of environ­ fluence over oil prices and end vulnera­ pendence. I urge the Congress to provide the mental conditions and trends describes bility to abrupt supply cut-offs and the encouraging results of our efforts to unilateral price increases. needed legislative authority without fur­ ther delay. clean up the air and water. We are be­ The International Energy Agency has ginning to bring our most chronic sources GERALD R. FORD. established s. framework for cooperative of water pollution under control, and we THE WHITE HOUSE, February 26, 1976. efforts to accelerate the development of are improving the quality of some of alternative energy sources. The Depart­ our most heavily polluted waterways. We ment of State, in cooperation with FEA, have improved air quality significantly ERDA, and other Federal agencies, will COMMUNICATION FROM THE in the United States during the past five continue to work closely with the IEA. CLERK OF THE HOUSE years. While domestic energy independence is The SPEAKER laid before the House The progress we have made so far is an essential and attainable goal, we must in large measure a reflection of the in­ recognize that this is an interdependent the following communication from the Clerk of the House of Representatives: vestment the Nation has made in clean­ world. There is a link between economic ing up the environment. In 1975 govern­ growth and the availability of energy at WASHINGTON, D .C., Febrtiary 27, 1976. ment and industry spent more than $15 reasonable prices. The United States will Hon. CARL ALBERT, billion in capital and operating expend­ need some energy imports in the years The Speaker, Ho-use of Representatives, itures to meet the requirements of Fed­ ahead. Many of the other consuming Washington, D.C. eral pollution control legislation. The nations will not be energy independent. DEAR MR. SPEAKER: I have the honor to Federal Government alone has increased Therefore, we must continue to search transmit herewith a sealed envelope from its pollution control outlays from $751 for solutions to the problems of both the the White House, received in the Clerk's million in 1970 to an estimated $4.5 bil­ world's energy producers and consumers. Office at 12 :28 P.M. on Friday, February 27, 1976, and said to contain a message from lion in the current fiscal year. Over the The U.S. delegation to the new Energy the President wherein he transmits the next ten years the Nation will spend Commission will pursue these solutions, Sixth Annual Report of the Council on En­ more than $22 billion per year to meet including the U.S. proposal to create an vironmental Quality. Federal pollution control requirements. International Energy Institute. This With kind regards, I am, We can be proud of the progress we institute will mobilize the technical and Sincerely, have made in improving the Nation's financial resources of the industrialized EDMUND L. HENSHAW, Jr., Clerk, Hause of Re'[Yresentatives. environmental quality. Yet, we must and oil producing countries to assist meet additional challenges over the next developing countries in meeting their few years. We must improve our under­ energy problems. standing of the effects of pollutants and 1985 AND BEYOND SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE of the means and costs of reducing pol­ As our easily recoverable domestic fuel COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL lution. As we develop new energy sources reserves are depleted, the need for ad­ QUALITY-MESSAGE FROM THE and technologies we must assure that vancing the technologies of nuclear PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED they meet environmental standards. We energy, synthetic fuels, solar energy, and STATES also must continue the job of cleaning geothermal energy will become para­ The SPEAKER laid before the House up pollution from existing sources- mount to sustaining our energy achieve­ the following message from the President The Council has reviewed the environ­ ments beyond 1985. I have therefore pro­ of the United States; which was read mental conditions of our coastal zone posed an increase in the Federal budget and, together with the accompanying and on Federal public lands and de­ for energy research and development papers, referred to the Committee on scribes the diverse purposes they serve from $2.2 billion in 1976 to $2.9 billion in Merchant Marine and Fisheries: and the variety of ways in which our the proposed 1977 budget. This 30-per­ people can use and enjoy them. Because cent increase represents a major expan­ To the Congress of the United States: of the competing demands upon these sion of activities directed at accelerating It is a measure of our progress as a areas, we will face a continuing chal­ programs for achieving long-term energy Nation that today, in the 200th year of lenge in assuring their best uses and in independence. American Independence, we are in the providing protection of their environ­ These funds are slated for increased midst of a dynamic movement to restore, mental values. work on nuclear fusion and fission power protect and preserve our environment International activities over the past development, particularly for demon­ and, at the same time, make the most year have provided a helpful perspective strating the commercial viability of effective use of our natural resources­ for understanding the global scope of breeder reactors; new technology devel­ with the objective of providing a better many environmental issues. Our com­ opment for coal mining and coal use; life for oul'selves and for our children munity of nations is beginning to come enhanced recovery of oil from current and grandchildren. to grips with this reality and, through reserves; advanced power conversion sys­ This society has come a Ieng way since the United Nations Earthwatch Pro­ tems; solar and geothermal energy devel- the time whei:i the daily struggle with gram, is making a major attempt to March 1, 1976 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4791 monitor environmental conditions and A call of the House was ordered. deeply admired the leadership and dedi­ trends throughout the world. The call was taken by electronic de­ cation exemplified by Dr. Latch. His Our experience and our growing vice, and the following Members failed prayer opening each session of the House knowledge about the scientific, technical to respond: has been a source of inspiration for all and economic aspects of environmental [Roll No. 72) who have served in this Chamber. My effects and controls has given us a basis Andrews, N.C. Ford, Tenn. Moakley admiration for Dr. Latch is coupled with Archer Fraser Moffett equal admiration and respect for his de­ for considering "mid-course corrections" Badillo Fuqua Mollohan in existing environmental laws. The at­ Barrett Goldwater Moss voted wife, Rieta, and their family. tention now being given in the Congress Beard, Tenn. Gonzalez Nix Reverend and Mrs. Latch-now the and the Administration to a review of Bell Green Nolan proud grandparents of eight-were mar­ Biaggi Gude O'Neill the requirements of the Clean Air Act Boland Hammer- Patman, Tex. ried on March 1, 1926. Throughout his and the Water Pollution Control Act are Bolling schmidt Pepper many years of civic service in the Wash­ important examples of this new level Bonker Harrington Pettis ington area, Dr. Latch has always drawn Bowen Harsha. Rhodes inspiration and support from his fine of awareness. Brooks Hayes, Ind. Risenhoover In these and other efforts, we must Brown, Calif. Hebert Rousselot family. Prior to beginning his service in set our goals carefully, pursue them Brown, Ohio Heckler, Mass. Runnels the House, Dr. Latch served as pastor of vigorously, and maintain the balance Burke, Calif. Heinz Ruppe the Metropolitan Methodist Church in Burke, Fla. Hinshaw Ryan among our national objectives. This is Chappell Holland St Germain Washington for more than 25 years. essential if we are to enjoy the con­ Chisholm Howard Scheuer On this momentous occasion, I want tinued public support for our environ­ Collins, Ill. Hubbard Shuster to off er my sincerest congratulations to Conlan Jones, N.C. Steiger, Ariz. Dr. Latch and his lovely wife, and I want mental objectives that is necessary to Conyers Jones, Tenn. Stephens future progress. Corman Kindness Symington to extend to them my best wishes for We have made an excellent start. I Derwinski Landrum Thornton many more years of happiness. am confident we shall continue in this Devine Litton Tsongas Dingell McCloskey Udall vital area. Dodd McCollister Ullman GENERAL LEAVE GERALD R. FORD. du Pont Macdonald Vander Jagt THE WHITE HOUSE, February 27, 1976. Eckhardt Mann Vigorito Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ Edgar Matsunaga. Wampler Esch Melcher Wiggins mous consent that all Members may Eshleman Metcalfe Wirth have 5 legislative days in which to revise COMMUNICATION FROM THE CLERK Evans, Colo. Michel Wydler and extend their remarks on the subject OF THE HOUSE Evins, Tenn. Milford Wylie Flowers Mills Young, Ga. of the 1 minute speech just given by the The SPEAKER laid before the House Foley Mitchell, Md. Zeferetti gentleman from Texas . Code of 1954 to specified transactions by waiver shall not be deemed to have been The question was taken; and le in assisting the to this legislation. It is absolt:.tely essen­ tleman's committee addressed itself to city of New York to achieve an orderly tial in order to put into effect the agree­ the very real possibility that the entire restructuring of its :financ*"s. ment that has been worked out with re­ New York :financing arrangement is go­ The bill allows five New York City spect to the financing of New York City. ing to fail anyway, whether or not these pension funds to purchase securities from I urge adoption of H.R. 11700. pension funds are used? the city of New York, under the agree­ Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, will the Mr. ULLMAN. Unless we pass this leg­ ment worked out betweer:. th~ pension gentleman from Oregon yield for a ques­ islation, we have not even given the orig­ funds, certain sinking funds, commercial tion inal worked-out plan the opportunity banks, and the Municipal Assistance Mr. ULLMAN. I yield to the gentleman to work. And I think that the Congress Corporation on November 26, 1975. In from Maryiand. owes it to the city of New York and to that agreem(;nt, the pension funds, as Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker. as I un­ all of the participants in that agreement part of their commitment to assist the derstand it, this legislation waives the to pass this legislation, at least give it city, agreed to purchase $2.53 billion of provisions of the Internal Revenue Code an opportunity to work. There may be New York City serial bonds at an agreed which requires all pension funds to be problems ahead and there may have to upon schedule. invested in a prudent manner with ade­ be further tightening in the period ahead The legislation is designed to permit quate security of return and this is being but I think that, if the economy con­ the purchases by the pension funds of waived in the case of the city of New tinues to improve in the same manner these bonds without violating the pro­ York. Is it felt by the officials of the city it has for the past several months, the hibited transactions rules of the Inter­ of New York or the pension fund man­ plan can be made to work, perhaps with nal Revenue Code, or the requirement agers that this investment is indeed of some adjustments and New York will that pension plans be for the exclusive such a dubious character that it would not have as serious a crisis as it has had benefit of employees and their bene­ fall within the prohibitions of the law in the past. Of course, I cannot be sure ficiaries. If · these provisions . were as now written; that this is, in fact, a it will work. But I think we owe it to violated, the employees covered by the risky investment. them to pass this legislation and at least plans could be taxed currently on their Mr. ULLMAN. The trustees of the pen­ give the plan an opportunity to work. vested benefits, the employees would lose sion funds themselves are asking for this Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, will the estate and gift tax exclusions, and they legislation in order to make it crystal gentleman yield? would not be entitled to special lump­ clear that the pi·udent man rule is not Mr. ULLMAN. I yield to the gentleman sum distribution rules of the tax law. being violated. Their request makes it from New York (Mr. RANGEL) , a member Under the agreement, the pension funds a moot question. of the committee. need not buy the bonds if this would Mr. BAUMAN. Well, if the gentleman Mr. RANGEL. I thank the gentleman violate either of these provisions of the will yield further, he says it is a moot for yielding. tax laws. Then, the banks do not need to question. I think it is a rather pertinent Mr. Speaker, in further response to make their purchase if the pension funds question as to whether or not this leg­ the question of the ger tleman from do not, and this would mean an end to islation should be passed. I certainly am Maryland, the trustees of the five pen­ the whole plan for the sale of the New not, as a representative of the State of sion funds involved share the same con­ York City bonds. Maryland, primarily concerned with the cerns about the funds as the gentleman The legislation permits the five pen­ welfare of the people paying into pen­ does. And, further, there is some ques­ sion plans to engage in the following sion funds in New York, but it seems to tion in their minds as to whether or not transactions without endangering the me the legislation itself is an indictment the purchase of the municipal obliga­ tax status of the plans : First, to enter of the entire New York aid bill which tions in fact violated the exclusive bene­ into the November 26, 1975, agreement; p3ssed earlier this year. fit rule and other provisions in the In­ second, to acquire and hold securities un­ That leads to my second question: I ternal Revenue Code. der the agreement; third, to make elec­ read in the report an estimate of the The partiCipation of the pension funds tions and waivers und~r the agreement; need for this bill based on New York's fi­ was made With the understanding that and, fourth, to perform other acts pro­ nancial position up until December, but the purchase would not jeopardize their vided by the agreement. Also, the legis­ I see no discussion of the current status tax exempt status. The Internal Reve.:. lation permits the plans to take the fi­ of how this bailout plan is working nue Service issued letters of intent which nancial condition of the city into account now. All the news stories I have seen the pension funds relied on as assur­ in making investment decisions. indicate that this plan is going to fail ance that bond purchases would not Amendments and waivers of provisions even under its present terms with the constitute prohibited transactions. It of the agreement which affect the tax $2.3 billion this Congress voted to sub­ was then determined that congressional status of the pension plans are to be dis­ sidize New York. Was there any testi­ action would be necessary to avert the approved by the Secretary of the Treas­ mony taken on this point? loss of tax qualified status of the pension ury if found to be inconsistent with the Mr. ULLMAN. Mr. Speaker, let me say funds. purposes of the legislation. The Secre­ to my friend from Maryland that the The Congress manifested its intent to tary has 30 days after receipt of such Ways and Means Committee shares his assist the city of New York in December proposed amendments or waivers and concern with respect to this whole prob­ when we adopted H.R. 10481 providing supporting material to make this de­ lem. But what we have before us here up to $2.3 billion in Federal loans to the termination. Also, reports to the Treas­ is an implementation of the original city. H.R. 11700 is a necessary part of ury and the Congress must be furnished plan. In other words, the original agree­ the total package of measures to save the periodically on the financial status of ment that was entered into by all of city from default. We realize that it is the plans. the various groups that I have men­ now up to the city to effectively restruc­ In providing this exception for the tioned contemplated this precise action ture its fiscal system to avert a default. pension plans involved in the Novem­ as a part of the overall implementation Failure to pass this legislation, however, ber 26, 1975, agreement, the committee of the plan. If we fail to pass this legis­ would be a detrimental retraction of the weighed the Federal interest in allow­ lation, then we are not 'even giving the intent .previously stated by C6ngress and ing the city of New York to achieve fi­ original plan an opportunity to work. would be certain to impede any future nancial soundness again, against possi­ For that reason, the committee feels very progress by the city. ble rislcs to the pension funds, and the strongly that it is absolutely essential Mr. CONABLE. Mr. Speaker, I yield possible precedent that this limited leg­ to pass this legislation in order to make myself such time as ::L may consume. islation might set. The legislation has it possible for the original agreement Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of been drafted as narrowly as possible to that was entered into to work. this bill, which will permit five New solve the immediate problem, and the Mr. BAUMAN. If the gentleman will York City pension plans to purchase committee wishes to be strongly on rec­ yield further, I understand the gentle­ obligations of New York City and the ord that this bill should not be regarded man's answer, and I can understand Municipal Assistance Corporation­ as a precedent either for private pension why he constantly restates that proposi~ MAC-pursuant to an agreement dated March 1, 1976 . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4795

November 26,' 1975-the ~greement­ Given the relationship between these relied on as assurance that bond pur­ worked out among t:t.ose plans, · a num­ funds and the city of New York, it is chases would not constitute prohibited ber of New York City banks and sinking clear that performance under the agree­ transactions. It was then determined funds, and MAC, without such action be­ ment on ·the part of the pension funds that congressional action would be nec­ ing considered in violatioL. of tlie In­ would raise a number of very serious essary to avert the loss of tax qualified ternal Revenue Code provisions appli­ questions regarding whether or not the status of the pension funds. cable to qualified pension· plans. The "exclusive· benefit" or "prohibited The Congress manifested its intent to agreement provides !or the purchase by transaction" rules of the Internal Reve­ assist the city of New York in Decem­ those pension plans of approximately $2.5 nue Code had been violated. In light of ber when we adopted H.R. 10481 provid­ billion in bonds of the city, under cer­ these questions, absent this legislation ing up to $2.3 billion in Feder?: loans to tain conditions. the trustees of the New York City pen­ the city. H.R. 11700 is a necessary part of Those conditions have included: Fh·st, sion funds are faced with possible legal the total package of measures to save the enactment of direct Federal financial as­ difficulties in performing under the city from default. The bill has the full sistance to the city; second, enactment by agreement, if they are to act in a pru­ support of ~he Treasury. I urge you to the State of New York of legislation in­ dent manner as fiduciaries. The State give it your support. demnifying the trustees of the pension of New York has already adopted legis­ GENERAL LEAVE plans and others froru any financial loss lation which permits the trustees to take Mr. ULLMAN. Mr. Speaker. I ask arising from suits stemming from pur­ into account for investment purposes unanimous consent that all Members chase by the funds of such city obliga­ factors other than the exclusive benefit may have 5 legislative days in which to tions, or from the sale of assets by the of the employees, including the extent revise and extend their remarks on the funds in order to make purchases; and to which investments pursuant to the legislation presently under consideration. third, receipt of either a favorable ruling agreement will maintain the ability of The SPEAKER. Is there objection to from the Internal Revenue Service, or the city of New York to make future the request of the gentleman from passage of appropriate legislation by the contributions to the retirement funds Oregon? Congress, to the effect that such pur­ and systems and to satisfy the city's fu­ There was no objection. chases would not constitute "prohibited ture obligations to pay pension and re­ The SPEAKER. The question is on the transactions" or otherwise ~ave an ad­ tirement benefits to members and bene­ motion offered by the gentleman from verse impact upon the "qualified status" ficiaries of the systems and funds. Oregon des and Labor and ordered to be printed: -Elementary and Secondary Educa- Bowen Heinz Risenhoover tion Brown, Calif. Hinshaw Roncalio To the Congress of the United States: -Education for the Handicapped Burke, Calif. Holland Rousselot Burke, Fla. Jones, N.C. Runnels The education of our children is vital -Adult Education Chappell Jones, Tenn. Ruppe to the future of the United States. From -Vocational Education Collins, Ill. Kindness Ryan the start, our Founding Fathers knew To assure that students with special Conlan Landrum Steiger, Ariz. that ignorance and free government Conyers Litton Stephens needs receive proper attention the pro­ Devine Mccloskey Symington could not co-exist. Our nation has acted posed legislation provides that 75 per.. Diggs Mccollister Thornton from the beginning on the sound prin­ cent of a State's allocation be spent on Dingell McEwen Tsongas ciple that control over our schools should Dodd McHugh · Udall the educationally deprived and handi­ du Pont Macdonald Vigorito remain at the State and local level. capped, and that vocational education Eckhardt Mann Wampler Nothing could be more destructive of the programs continue to be supported. The Edgar Matsunaga Wiggins same strong civil rights compliance pro­ Esch Metcalfe Wirth diversity of thought and opinion neces­ Eshleman Michel Wydler sary for national progress than an ex­ cedures that exist in the programs to be Evans, Colo. Mills Wylie cess af control by the central govern­ consolidated are included in this legis­ Flowers Mitchell, Md. Young, Ga.. Foley Moakley Zeferettl ment. lation. March 1, 1976 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-. HOUSE 4797 Under the proposed legislation, funds INCREASE IN THE DEBT CEILING of the American taxpayers' money that will be allocated to States· .based on a AND FOREIGN AID is going into these foreign aid programs formula which takes into· account the (Mr. ALLEN asked and was given around the world. Indeed, if we would number of school-aged children and the permission· to address the House for 1 simply determine to cut back on some number of children from low-income minute and to revise and extend his of these billions of dollars that are now families. No State will receive less mon­ remarks.) being frittered away on foreign aid­ ey than it did in Fiscal Year 1976 under Mr. ALLEN. Mr. Speaker, last Wednes­ and approve only worthwhile and de­ the programs to be consolidated. Fur­ day, I voted against increasing the na­ serving projects in those nations which ther, local education agencies will be tional debt limit. are truly our friends-we could immedi­ assured that the funds will reach the One proposal was that of the President ately cut billions of dollars from our defi­ local level, where children are taught and his administration to increase the cit spending, and would have no need and where control should be exercised. borrowing power and debt ceiling of the for increasing the debt ceiling and bor­ Vocational education is an important Federal Government by $50 billion, from rowing authority of the Treasury by any­ part of our total education system. Here, $595 billion up to $645 billion, between thing like the amount proposed this past too, my proposal seeks greater flexibility now and September 30. The other pro­ week. at the local level while maintaining Fed­ posal, submitted by the House Ways and Instead, we persist and continue to eral support. States would be required to Means Committee, was to authorize an spend billions of dollars on nations which spend a portion of the funds they receive increase in the debt limit by $32 billion do not refer to us as Uncle Sam-but on vocational education, giving special between now and June 30. perhaps more appropriately as "Uncle emphasis to the educationally deprived Inasmuch as I was opposed to and did Sap"-which indeed we are when by and the handicapped. not vote for either proposal, I think a doing so · we neglect the :ieeds of our Non-public school and Indian tribal word of explanation is in order, that own people and so many of the worth­ children would continue to be eligible for will reveal certain facts which the tax­ while public works projects right here in assistance under this proposal. Where payers are entitled to know. our own country. States do · not serve such children, the I am informed there will be presented My vote against increasing the debt Commissioner of Education will arrange to the House, probably this week, a for­ ceiling, therefore, was simply my way of to provide funds directly, using the ap­ eign aid bill calling on Uncle Sam to registering at least one feeble protest propriate share of the State's funds. spend billions of dollars in the coming agai~t this policy of misplaced prior­ The proposed legislation will require year for 400 new-projects in more than ities, which must be brought to an end. States to develop a plan, with public par­ 90 different foreign countries around the I think our own taxpayers must begin ticipation, for the use of Federal funds. world. to receive the full beneft ts of their hard­ All interested citizens, students, parents This foreign aid bill, which I under­ earned dollars, and I shall continue to and appropriate public and private insti­ stand will have the support of the Presi­ oppose proposals of this or any other tutions will participate in the develop­ dent and Secretary of State Henry Kis­ administration that would divert money ment of the plan. States will be required singer, will have to be paid for, as we all needed for Americans to foreign nations, to develop procedures for independent know, by the taxpayers of this Nation. many of which would not lift a little fin­ monitoring of compliance with their Because of the already huge deficit ger to help us if the situation were re­ plan. State progress will be measured spending of the Federal Government, versed. against the plan, but the plan itself will this will mean that we will have to bor­ not be subject to Federal approval. row the money by issuing still more For Fiscal Year 1977 I am requesting THE SOCIETY OF FORMER SPECIAL bonds, and putting our Government still AGENTS OF THE FBI $3.3 billion for the education block grant. further in debt; thus explaining in part, For the next three fiscal years, I am pro­ at least, the huge increase proposed in (Mr. BURLESON of Texas asked and posing authorizations of $3.5 billion, $3.7 the Federal debt ceiling. was given permission to address the billion and $3.9 billion. For too long the By contrast with these 406 new foreign House.for 1 minute to revise and extend real issue in our education programs­ aid projects, which American taxpayers his remarks and include extraneous Federal versus State and local control­ will be asked to finance-which consti­ matter~) has been obscured by endless bickering tutes a substantial increase in this Gov­ Mr. BURLESON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, over funding levels. Hopefully, with these ernment's foreign giveaway program-I the Society of Former Special Agents of request levels, we can focus the atten­ am informed that there is in the Presi­ the Federal Bureau of Investigation was tion where it belongs, on reform of our dent's budget not one penny to start a incorpm·ated in the State of New York education support programs. single new public works project in any of on July 17, 1937. It has a membership ·Enactment of this legislation will allow the 50 States of our own country. of 6,483 members within the United people at.the State and local level to stop This, mind you, is at a time when States and 36 foreign countries. Mem­ worrying about entangling Federal red there are millions of unemployed people bership is open exclusively to former FBI tape and turn their full attention to edu­ right here at home, and while there are agents of good moral character who cating our youth. many worthwhile public projects already served with fidelity to their oaths of of­ I urge prompt and favorable consid­ on the drawing board across the Nation ·fice, loyalty to the service and to their eration of the Financial Assistance for which could give work to our people, fellow agents. Elementary and Secondary Education reduce unemployment, and reduce un­ Former FBI agents are proud of proven Act. employment compensation payments record of devotion and service to the GERALD R. FORD. which are tremendous drains on the tax United States. They are equally proud THE WHITE HOUSE, March 1, 1976. dollars of the Federal and all 50 State of efforts· which earned for the FBI its governments. reputation as the foremost law enforce­ One other fact is of striking signifi­ ment agency in the world. The preserva­ PERMISSION FOR COMMITTEE ON cance. As we have been informed, the tion Of the security and assuring this AGRICULTURE TO FILE REPORT national debt now stands at approxi­ Nation's well-being and freedom are of ON S. 1545 mately $595 billion. The total amount paramount concern to this society and Mr. BERGLAND. Mr. Speaker, I ask the United States has spent out of the its members. unanimous consent that the House Com­ Treasury in various forms of foreign aid The soclety is deeply concerned with mittee on Agriculture have until mid­ programs, since its beginning, now ap­ the unwarranted attacks and distorted night tonight, Monday, M~rch 1, 1976, to proaches one-half trillion dollars--$500 reports of the operations of the FBI file a report on the Senate bill

POSITION STATEMENT OF THE SOCIETY OP private overseas communications of ords o~ the FBI or the National Security FORMER SPECIAL AGENTS OF THE FEDERAL American citizens is in full keeping with Agency in this matter. But what is the case BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION our oversight responsibilities. for dropping the veil of "privilege" over the The massive volume of one sided adverse But President Ford has instructed the records of the telegraph companies? In co­ criticism of the FBI emanating through the Government employees who were sub­ operating, no <;loubt for public-spirited if un­ news media at the hands of journalistic op­ refiective reasons, with this violation of portunists and irresponsible politicians is a penaed by the Government Operations personal privacy they were certainly not threat to the security of the United States. Committee not to comply.with them, and functioning as executive agencies. Should We urge that congressional hearings not in an unprecedented extension of the this elaboration of privilege stand, the inves­ be a forum for unwarranted, baseless attacks claim of executive privilege has even or­ tigative powers of Congress will be curtailed on the policies, procedures and personnel dered private corporations to refuse to to the vanishing point. of the FBI. comply with their subpenas. The courts have ruled on occasion that We request the press and the other forms congressional investigations can't be mere Mr. Speaker, the Government Opera­ fishing expeditions, that they must bear some of media to report the proceedings of con­ tions Committee has always dealt fairly gressional committees factually and objec­ reasonably clear legislative purpose. Fait tively, free of bias or personal opinion. and squarely with the issues before it. enough. In this case, however, the legislative We recognize the value of constructive We cannot tolerate this unilateral at­ purpose is entirely clear. American citizens criticism of FBI activities and the necessity tempt to ignore duly authorized congres­ are entitled to expect that private communi­ for clear, reasonable legislative guidelines. sional subpenas. cations, overseas cables no less than letters, These guidelines must not arbitrarily restrict As the Star editorial states: will be protected by law against governmen­ tal snooping. Perhaps evidence of criminal the FBI in discharging its investigative re­ Should this elaboration of privilege stand, sponsibilities as expected by the people under behavior would justify exceptions, but only the investigative powers of Congress w111 be then under the proper legal warrant required the Federal judicial system and in the best curtailed to the vanishing point. interests of the United States. by the Fourth Amendment for searches and We therefore caution that Congress ex­ I ask unanimous consent to insert the seizures. ercise great care in the design of the legisla­ editorial at this point in the RECORD. In limited doses, executive privilege re­ mains a valuable safeguard of presidential tive guidelines and offer the experience of [From the Washington Star, Feb. 27, 1976] the members of this society as an assistance. confidentiality, as Justice Burger noted in We believe the thinking American public PRIVILEGE INDISCREETLY STRETCHED · his opinion in the Nixon tapes case. But a demands a strong, effective intelligence When the President and Congress can find President ought to remember Jefferson's gathering capability adequately manned and nothing more productive to fight over, some­ words and "exercise a discretion." The priv­ sufficiently aggressive to protect the security one can always pick an interesting scrap over ilege has been most indiscreetly broadened in of this Nation against domestic and foreign what has been known for some 25 years as this case. Mr. Ford 1s the victim of .bad adyice. threats. "executive privilege." We acknowledge the dedication and con­ The doctrine that a President may draw a tributions to this Nation of John Edgar veil of confidentiality over certain executive LEGISLATION TO AMEND FEDERAI, Hoover, Director of the FBI from 1924-1972, proceedings, which is older than the label, WATER POLLUTION CONTROL ACT who, guided by the highest motives, created has been traced to the first collision between standards of excellence which are legend in an investigating Congress and a protective

VllI. CIVIL RIGHTS poses of vocational education in FY 1976, on minor issues but on the major con.. If any local educational agency in the and this amount represented 10 percent of cern of religious freedom we stand com­ State 1s determined by the Secretary of the total Federal funds received under the pletely united. Health, Education, and Welfare to be out of programs consolidated under this Act by that Georgi Vins has been sentenced by the compliance with Title VI of the Clvll Rights State, this proposal would require that Soviet court to 5 years in prison fol­ Act, Title IX of the Education Amendments henceforth that State can spend no less than 10 percent of the Federal funds it receives lowed by 5 years in exile. The Govern­ of 1972 (relating to discrimination on the ment of Russia took exception to his basis of sex), or Section 504 of the Rehablli­ under this Act for the purposes of voca­ tation Act of 1973 (relating to the discrim­ tional education. religious preaching. He was tried in a ination against the handicapped), the State's The State's vocational education program court in Kiev, after being held in jail for allotment would be reduced by an amount would be required to take into account the 1 year following his arrest. equal to the percentage which the number of vocational education needs of the State, to His family had asked for a Norwegian children in the local educational agency is of assess the resources available to meet those Christian to be his defense lawYer. But the total number of children in the State. needs, and to be designed to provide indi­ no visa for the lawyer was ever granted. No funds could be paid to ·any local educa­ viduals with educational programs that will make substantial progress toward preparing Since no Christian lawYer was available tional agency which is out of compliance witl1. in the Soviet for Mr. Vins, he represented those statutes. persons for a career or for further advance­ ment in their present employment. At least his own case. IX. NON-PUBLIC SCHOOL CHILDREN 25 percent of the amount the State uses for History tells us that from 1922 to 1945 The requirements in this proposal for the vocational education under this Act must Christians suffered severely in Russia. participation of non-public school children be used to meet vocational education needs But since 1945, we hear that most of the are similar to those now contained in Title of persons with special needs (the educa­ religious persecution has been in the IV of the Elementary and Secondary Educa­ tionally-deprived and the handicapped). tion Act. This provision would essentially re­ The Federal funds which a State uses for form of limiting personal priVileges and quire that children in non-public schools be vocational education for persons with spe­ being excluded from higher institutions given an equitable opportunity to participate cial needs count toward the 75 percent of of learning. Christians have also suffered in programs assisted by this Act to the ex­ Federal funds which Title II requires to be the loss of religious literature. tent that they reside in areas served by the spent on persons with special needs. The Vins' case is pressing. He has al­ programs and have the needs addressed by ready served a 3-year sentence and was those programs. XII. TITLE IV PROVISIONS (NATIONAL IMPACT The State would also be required to serve PROJECTS) released in 1969 in broken health. His children in Indian tribal schools. Title IV would continue the Commission­ father, also a pastor, died in prison camp. If the State is legally unable, or fails to er's authority to fund certain special projects Let us all pray that our sick Baptist provide for participation of children as re­ and innovation and development activities neighbor will not also die in prison. quired by the legislation, the Commissioner relating to vocational education and the edu­ This makes the Vins' case even more would arrange for services to such children cation of the handicapped. The Commis­ important because it is not typical of the by contract or otherwise, and deduct the cost sioner would be authorized to support inno­ broadening position of Russia. thereof from the State's allocation. vation, development, and dissemination ac­ tivities in vocational education and the Article 18 of the Universal Declaration X. TITLE II PROVISIONS (ELEMENTARY AND SEC­ of Human Rights is the expression of the ONDARY, HANDICAPPED, AND ADULT EDUCATION education of the handicapped either directly or through grants or contracts. He would General Assembly of the United Nations. PROGRAMS) also be authorized to support centers and This expresses the conviction which is Title II sets forth minimum requirements services for deaf-blind children, regional re­ for the use of that portion of the funds pro­ accep~Jd and supported by Baptists: source centers, and a loan service for cap• Article 18: Everyone has the right to free­ vided under this Act which would be avail­ tioned films and other educational media able for elementa.ry and secondary, handi­ dom of thought, conscience and religion; this for the handicapped. A total appropriation right includes freedom to change his religion capped, and adult education purposes. The of $69 million would be authorized for these State's comprehensive plan would have to or belief, and freedom, either alone or in activities for fiscal year 1977 and each of the community with others and in public or take into account the special educational three succeeding fiscal years. needs of educationally-deprived and handi­ private, to manifest his religion or belief in capped children, assess the resources avail­ teaching, practice, worship and observance. able in the State to meet those needs, and BAPTISTS IN RUSSIA Many times in this country we stand demonstrate reasonable promise of substan­ quietly by and see our fellow Christians tial progress in meeting those needs. The plan The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a would also set forth an adult education pro­ suffer throughout the world. I have ad­ previous order of the House, the gentle­ mired my Jewish colleagues who have gram. man from Texas, Mr. COLLINS, is recog­ Under Title II, the State would be re­ spoken out so eloquently in behalf of quired to allonat.e to each local educational nized for 15 minutes. persecuted Jews. agency in the first fiscal year after enactment Mr. COLLINS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I call on all of my colleagues to unite at least 85 percent of the amount received I come before the House today to ask for and join with me in a voice of protest for by that agency in the preceding fiscal year the support of my colleagues in behalf of my fellow Baptists in Russia. I ask that under Title I of the Elementary and Sec­ Georgi Vins. My concern is with religious ondary Education Act and Part B of the Edu­ the Soviet authorities review this case so freedom in Russia. that this man can be back with his fam­ cation of the Handicapped Act. These funds The Baptists in our country first spoke must be used to meet the special educational ily and children and enjoy the full reli­ needs of the educationally deprived and up through our Baptist leadership a year gious liberty and freedom which is so im­ handicapped. ago back on March 5, 1975. The execu­ portant in our world today. Funds not subject to the requirement for tive director, James E. Wood, Jr., sent an use to serve the educationally disadvantaged official message to the Ambassador of the or not reserved for vocational education pur­ Union of Soviet Socialist Republics here poses could be used for educational activi­ in Washington. Mr. Wood is the execu­ PAY CASH AND SAVE MONEY ties such as school libraries, textbooks, edu­ tive director of the Baptist Joint Com­ The SPEAKER pro tempore UP.port they've been able t.o muster­ the Department of Interior by the NavY like to commend it to the attention of with their frequent warnings based largely on fear or misinformation-will suddenly in January 1975 and since that time plan­ my colleagues in this House: erode. ning for the field's use in Gateway has STATEMENT OF JOHN H. SHAFFER, FORMER Reasonable men are fully capable of in­ begun. It is vital that all talk of commer­ ADMINISTRATOR, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMIN­ suring that should Concorde operations in cial air traffic to Floyd Bennett Field be ISTRATIO?:i and from "gateway" airports such as Dulles put to rest so park planning may proceed Thom.as Jefferson, the principal architect and JFK prove to be an onerous as some con­ promptly. of the Declaration of Independence fre­ tend, these few operations could be further I urge passage of this bill. quently expressed his firm conviction that curtailed or even suspended. If to the con­ The text follows: a properly informed public will make wise trary (and this is the view that I hold on decisions. Prior to this opportunity the pub­ this matter and the reason that I am speak­ H.R. 12191 lic simply hasn't been getting many straight ing out as a man who understands elemen­ A bill to prohibit use of Airway and Airport facts on matters relating to ecology and the tary science and wanting to see "right" pre­ Development Act funds for a public airport environment, especially about the airplane vail for the good of all mankind) Concorde's at Floyd Bennett Field in the Gateway and its impact thereon. adverse impacts prove acceptable, the publi~ Na,tional Recreation Area In the short time I have I'll first tall{ to will quickly grasp that Concorde's benefits Be it enacted by the Senate and House just one of the most frequently repeated clearly outweigh the sum of her disbenefits. of Representatives of the United States of m.yths about supersonic flight-the oxides Additionally, I would like to leave this America in Congress assembled, that the of nitrogen contributed by aircraft engines­ thought for those who would concern them­ Airport and Airway Development Act of 1970 piston, turbo-prop and turbo-jet. selves unnecessarily with the economic via­ (49 U.S.C. 1701 et se.q.) is amended by in­ If the modest Concorde fleet be permitted bility of this magnificent "experiment." serting immediately after Section 27 the fol­ to operate in the Earth's upper atmosphere, Within 90 days of her entry into service on lowing new section: some contend we are "doomed" by NO.l[ and the North Atlantic, at least half of all first "SEC. 28. RESTRICTION ON AmPORT DEVELOP- other atmosphelic pollutants contributed. In class travel on that route will be in Concorde ll•IENT. the intere·st of stripping the emotional ap­ and it really shouldn't be any concern of . "Notwithstanding any other provisions of peal from this frequent distortion, I invite most U.S. citizens whether the $2 billion-plus this title, no part of any of the funds au­ all of those interested to ponder on a star­ invested thus far in Concorde was money _thorized or authorized to be obligated under tling fact. If science· could successfully pro­ well spent. Let's retlect for a moment on the this title shall be obligated or expended for vide the means to remove only the oxides of $6 billion _price tag presently estimated !or airport master planning, airport system nitrogen contributed by combustion sources Washington's Rapid Transit System which is planning, or airport development with re­ from this planet's atmosphere, the 99 % pro­ a bird of quite similar plumage in that ·spect to the development of a public air­ duced by nature would remain. "Doubters" Concorde and Metro both are, among other port at the site known as Floyd Bennett can confirm this if they are honestly inter­ things, social programs with considerable Field within the Gateway National Recrea­ ested in fact finding rather than supporting public benefit. tion Area as established in the Act approved a particular "side" of the ecology debate. The two, however, differ in at least one October 27, 1972 (P.L. 92-592, 16 U.$.C. 460cc At this point let's enter a further thought­ important respect. Those airlines which op­ et seq.). provoking fact into this record-AU oxides erate Concorde on the trade routes of "the of nitrogen aren't villians lurking in ambush! world will see to it that those who buy the The great saltpeter deposits of South America service pay what time saving is wo1·th to the STATEMENT OF JOHN SHAFFER, consumer (of their service) . On the other are a result of the perpetual thunder storms hand, there. doesn't seem to be the slightest FORMER ADMINISTRATOR OF over the Andes. The oxides of nitrogen in chance that revenues from Washington's THE FE::>ERAL AVIATION AD­ the rain water react with the minerals and Metro will even service its substantial debt MINISTRATION organic compounds in the soil with much m~ch less permit the system to operate at The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a of the slurry ending up as "saltpeter" when break-even. The foregoing remarks are· not the water which transports the eflluent down intended to convey the thought that Metro previous order of the House, the gentle­ isn't either a worthwhile project or in· the man from South Carolina t that aircraft engineers haven't proach to an emotional issue. It is knowl­ prehens.ive that the public will, if given the made the airplane as quiet as we would all edge speaking out instead of whining opportunity, learn· for· themselves the true like ·but rather tha.t the job of enlightened halftruths and innuendo: It is a clear facts of Concorde's . environmental impact. la.nd l.1se plaa'mtng and rigid enforcement of assessment of a very touchy issue and I They will then lose much of their credibility. z011ing covenants wasn't accomplished by the March 1, 1976 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4805. public officials charged with these responsi­ in home appraisals and inspections is The reason is ludicrous-and tragic. billtles. At both locations (JFK and Dulles) clear, and I hope that this legislation According to om.cials who administer the the photographic history shows the unrelent­ will receive prompt considei:ation. program, the data processing system ing encroachment of h1compatible develop­ which computes and processes the dis- ment up to the perimeter fences. Stated differently, for emphasis, the air­ HELEN KELLER NATIONAL CENTER bursa! of funding under the program plane didn't invade these airport neighbors, will not be ready for another 3 the communities moved in on the airports FOR DEAF-BLIND ADULTS months or longer. Because the basic in both instances/examples. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a formula for computing impact aid allot­ Repeating the words of Thomas Jefferson. previous order of the House, the gentle- ments was substantially changed by "Properly informed people will make wise man from Indiana all Americans in her forthright essay: point in the RECORD and to include ex­ Mr. SIKES. Mr. Speaker, there is un­ traneous matter.> wru.Tanted but growing belief in the VOICE OF DEMOCRACY ESSAY BY SARAH MILLER, Mr. ADAMS. Mr. Speaker, I rise to in­ United States today that the so-called RESERVE, MONT. crisis ·has My bicentennial heritage can be repre­ form the House on the status of the post-Indochina Korean ·safely sented in the figure of a tree .•• a liberty fiscal year 1976 cong1:essional budget. passed and that the North Koreans are tree which has been growing nearly 200 years As you know the Budget Committee has unlikely to renew aggression against the and shelters all of the American people. been notifying the House on a weekly south. This is strange doctrine when The seed of liberty was formed the day basis about where Congress stands in re­ examined in the context of their own man was created. As society was developing, lation to the, ceilings on budget authority :flagrant boasts and hostile act.s. It is it was sown in various types of soil and did and outlays and the revenue floor even more unreal when related to their not a.lways flourish; yet the seed could not adopted in House Concurrent Resolution incessant attempts to foment social un­ be destroyed because it was sown 1n fertile 466. : rest in the Republic of Korea through soil-the hearts of ~en. Here and there shoots were appearing, such as the Magna As of close of business February 27, subversive moves. Carta in England. When the settlers came 1976, there has been no change in the The North Koreans are encow·aged in to the New world, they brought the seed current level of spending since our last the belief that aggression wm succeed PY with them, and upon finding fertile soil, the notiflcation t.o the Speaker on Febru­ recalling the Pueblo and EC-121 inci­ ~firmly embedded itself. Our tree of llb- ary 4, 1976. The status is as follows: dents of 1968 and 1969 where Pyongyang March 1.; 1'976 · CONGRESSIONAL RECORD~ HOUSE 4807 got ·away with direct military assaults on :, Korea. To the South Korean these islands energy needs ·and supplant expensive oil, the ·Americans without· suffering a represent an intrinsic part ·of the Repub­ gas, and nuclear resources in the future. scratch on its part. lie no less important thap. 'the Hawaiian . I cpmmen~ 'the article to all of my They have noted the fall of Indochina. Islands and · Alaska are to the United colleagnes who share my interest \n the and the withdrawal of most U.S. forces St.ates. The North Korean probes or of­ development of a viable alternative en­ from Thailand. They have not fully fensive action against the islands may be ergy source program for the c.oming evaluated the effect of the developments the most immediate indicator of real years. in Indochina on the global position of the danger of hostilities in the area. The excerpt follows: · United States. Unfortunately. the back- Because the consequences of renewed SOLAR ENERGY down on Arigola directed by Congress. conflict in Korea would be so serious, the There ts a tendency in some quarters­ has not helped the U.S. posture even in United States must avoid actions that perha.ps in reaction to the sweeping denials Asia. However. they recognize the fact would weaken the deterrent to a North of the usefulness of solar energy-to regard it as a · panacea for the energy crisis. En­ that approximately 40.000 U.S. service- Korean attack. No U.S. forces should be thu.siasi:n for solar .energy ts understandable. men in South Korea make up a substan- withdrawn until there are more positive ;en the long run, it d•oes come close to being· tial U.S. military presence on the Asian grounds · for confidence that South the perf.ect energy sow:ce. It is renewable; it · mainland. Despite a continuing Clamor Korean forces plus a credible U.S. deter­ is available· everywhere; its environmental by some liberal elements of the news mblation to intervene militarily will con­ effects are negligible. {The ,o:µly effect of any media, . a careful study indica~ to the tinue to deter North Korean Premier solar technology on the environment is that . North Koreans there is little sentiment'. Kim n-sung as they .have for over 20 it changes the geographical pattern of the in 'the United States for cutting back on ·years. An additional justification for earth's absorption and reradiation of energy. U.S. forces in Korea. . . . maintaining the .Arm'y"s Seco.nd Division The natural pattern is represented by. the weather; this is itself so variable that the Obviously, it is not a time to further and a U.S. tactical air wing in South effec.t of any solar device is likely to be lost weaken the U.S. military position over- Korea .is to reas8ure Japan of the U.S.· in the random meteorological fluctuations.) seas. The Korean Peninsula is one' o'f the commitment to maintaihing 'peace on the Most recent studies of long-range energy strategicatly important areas of the Korean peninsula. Withdi-awals now problems conclude that midway through the world, certainly the most important in would increase the risk of an attack on twenty-first century, or even somewhat Northeast Asia. Bounded on the north by South Korea by North Korea and cause sooner, we would obtain ah, or nearly all, China, on the northeast by the U.S.S.R., many more Japanese to seriously con­ our energy from the sun. But immediate use of solar energy by itself lying only 30 miles from the closest Jap- sider alternatives to reliance on the U.S. is not the solution to our present-day prob­ anese island, Tsushima, and 130 miles security commitment. lems. Rather, solar energy now provides a from Honshu, it is the one area where There have been futile attempts by valuable way to make more rational use­ the interests of the four great powers- representatives of the North and South economically as well as thermodynami­ the United States, U.S.S.R., People's Re- Korean Red Cross to set the stage for cally--of existing energy resources, gaining public of China, and Japan-converge, peaceful reunification of the Korean time while the full development of solar The fall of South Korea, either because peninsula. It is abundantly clear that, in energy gets under way. The need for the cata­ of U.S. withdrawal or inadequate support the foreseeable future, reunion cQuld lytic effect of solar.energy is evident not only in the matter of producing hot water in St. of the ROK, would unhinge the delicate take place only on Communist terms that Louis but also in th:e more weighty matters balance in that area. It could even lead to ·are totally unacceptable tO South Korea. of national policy problems: the disastrous early cancellation of U.S. base rights in Therefore, the Repubiiq of. :Korea's na­ rate of infla'l;ion, .largely impelled by the ris­ the Japanese home 'islands and Okinawa, tional objective is to deter a North ing price of energy, which is eroding most and the Philippines, forcing us to fall Korean attack by building superior eco­ families' earnings; unemployment in the back on a forward defense line centered nomic strength and armed forces that automobile and other major industries, much· on Guam and Saipan. ultimately will enable .the country to de- of it worsened by the high cost and At the moment, neither the U.S.S.R. fend itself without outside help. threatened shortage of energy; the feelings of frustration and impotence of the citizen or nor the PRC is encouraging Kim to in- Any lessening of .U.S. support could the community confronted with the con­ vade the south. Although apparently he encourage Pyongyang to 1believe there is centrated wealtl). that ts symbolized by bil­ . has sought help, particularly from Red less likelihood of U.S. involvement or re­ lion-dollar nuclear-power plants; the still China, each country is pursuing its OWn taliation. It is · South Korea•s obvious unmitigated curse of environmental degrada­ brand of detente with the United States need that the United. States provide in tion; the growing demand for capital, espe­ and neither wants to upset its applecart clear language the Communists fully un­ cially by energy industries-a demand that by dh·ect conflict with U.S. interests in derstand, that any act against South is outrunning the supply and that threatens industrial development. . the Far East. Thus, the reluctance of Korea would be resolutely opposed by None of these problems can be swept away either to back Kim in an invasion of the both South Korea and the United States in a flood of sunlight, but solar energy can south, coupled with the strength of RO~ under the 1953 Mutual Defense Treaty. play its special part in the effort to solve forces and a U.S. military pr..:sence m To discourage Kim TI-sung from military each of them. Solar energy could at once Korea, makes war in that area unlikely ventures should be a common concern of begin to supply a large part of the energy now used for space heat, hot water, and­ in the near future_. However, we i;ave no all peace-loving nations, but the United With little further development-air-condi­ assurance that either the U .S...... R. or States remains the key to peace in the tioning. China regards detente as more than a area. The householder not only would enjoy re· tactical maneuver. They can discard it at duced bills now but also wc..uld be relieved. a moment•s notice. U.S. armed strength of the spectre of constantly increasing onoo. plus a positive indication of support for SOLAR ENERGY-HERE, NOW, AND In effect, by purchasing a solar heater today South Korea is what makes the FOR THE FUTURE the householder can establish a hec!ge against infiaU.on-investment in goods that difference. CMr. OTTINGER asked and was given will retain their use into the inflated future. There are danger areas even today. permission to extend his remarks at this And if solar collectors were to be installed Military observers believe the five Yellow point in the RECORD and to include extra­ on a sufficiently large scale, the resultant. Sea islands off the Korean coast would neous matter.) decrease in the demand for fuels might, if the law of supply and demand retains any be the most likely places for Pyongyang•s Mr. OTTINGER. Mr. Speaker, today of its force, reduce the rapid escalation of Kim to test American resolve to def end I am pleased to insert in the RECORD energy prices and help to check the pace of the Republic of Korea. North Korea in­ an excerpt from Dr. Barry Commoner's inflation generally. Any maj-or effect to in­ sists that the waters around them are article in the February 9 issue of the stall solar collectors in the nation's sixty North Korean territorial waters. Their New Yorker discussing the great poten­ million homes would require the construc­ tion of equipment costing up to two hundred gunboats have attacked South Korean tial of solar energy for the United States. billion doltars or so. Unlike oil refineries or naval v~sels and fishing boats in the Dr. Commoner examines the short-term nuclear-power plant.a, these systems would area and their Mtg's have flown over the and long-term utility of solar energy as be simple to construct and would make an islands. This is an invasion of South a means to both supplement our present ample demand for diverse kinds of labor. 4808 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE March 1, 19'; 1;

The devices could be built by automobile nothing to gain from their position but One outcome~ favoring the rapid spread workers in idle auto plants or by plumbers, the public good, that they are indeed of nuclear power, the relaxation of safety carpenters, and metalworkers in small, com­ standards, the optimization of benefits and munity-based shops. Such a program­ willing to sacrifice from their own pock­ ets for the privilege of speaking out.'' is minimization of the risks Involved-those based, for example, on government loans to views enlist large political and financial $Up­ support the manufacture and purchase of exemplified by the three nuclear engi­ port, and are greeted with official approval, solar systems--could significantly reduce neers from General Electric and the eager acceptance and wide publicity. unemployment. staffer from the Nuclear Regulatory The other viewpoint, concerned as it is Nor ls the manufacture of solar devices­ Commission who quit their jobs because with troubling problems of powerplant safety., not only simple collectors but solar steam of their concerns about nuclear safety. control of nuclear pollution, plutonium 239 plants-likely to contribute to the growing Not only do these men have nothing to as a source both of high toxicity and fission shortage of capital. The chief reason for bombs, and the still wholly unresolved bur­ the increasingly intense demand for capi­ gain by leaving their jobs; they doubt­ less have lost job security, professional den of nuclear-waste disposal that promises tal to produce conventional sources of en­ to remain a problem .for hundreds of thou­ ergy is that those sources are heavily affected approbation in "esta-blishment" quar­ sands of years-that opposition viewpoint· by the law of diminishing returns. Every ters, and stable incomes. offers no reward but its own conviction. It· balTel of oil that is produced makes the I would like to commend the attention has no client, unless society at large becomes' p'roduction of the next barrel more difficult, of my colleagues to Dr. Wald's article, its client. and more costly in invested capital; every "The Nuclear-Power-Truth Maze." Early in 1975 a group of 32 "notable sci-. new environmental and safety problem that entists," mainly physicists, issued a "Scien­ is uncovered in a nuclear-power plant makes The article follows: tFrom the New York Times, Feb. 29, 1976] tists' Statement on Energy Policy" that urged the next one more complex, and more de­ the rapid expansion of 11uclear power as the manding or capital. In every conventional THE NUCLEAR-POWER-TRUTH l\fAZE only realistic solution of our coming energy energy source, the productivity of capital­ (By George Wald) needs. Recognizing potential dangers, it con­ the energy produced per dollar of capital cluded that there exists no available alter­ invested-has fallen sharply with increased CAMBRIDGE, MAss.-One of the prevalent production. By contrast, the capture of solar myths of ou1· time is that Government policy :native and that with proper care this ex­ is based on the best obtainable information­ pansion would involve be11efits that far out­ energy can be continuously expanded with weigh the risks. no decrease in capital productivity, because that if the Government knows which policy the production of one unit of solar energy in will most promote the public welfare it will Was this widely disseminated statement no way makes it more difficult or costly to adopt that policy. It is this belief that fos­ advocacy or judgment? One hopes the latter, produce the next. Sunlight falls continuously ters the constant call for more research. si11ce these are very distinguished scientists, all over the earth, and its use on one place In fact, almost the opposite is true. A widely respected by their colleagues. Twenty­ does not diminish its availability elsewhere­ policy having been decided on-usually for six of them, including eleven Nobel Prize any more than a corn crop growing in the economic or political reasons-the informa­ laureates, were identified only as professors Ukraine interferes with a com crop growing tion is sought that will support it. That is, in major universities. in Iowa. And so, unlike conventional en­ information follows policy, rather than the Hence, it was with some dismay that I read ergy sources, solar energy will not become other way around. an analysis by a fellow academic physicist progressively more demanding of capital as As for the info1·mation itself, one needs to that showed that 14 of the 26 academic its use expands. What is more, as solar ener­ distinguish advocacy from judgment. Ad­ signers are members of the boards of direc­ gy replaces conventional sources, they can vocacy is what a lawyer does for his client tors of major United States corporations, be gradually phased out, reducing the most in making a case. It is one-sided; presum­ including corporations directly and indirectly intense demand for capital in American ably another, perhaps equally able advo­ involved in energy production. I would not industry. cate, prepares the other side. But judgment is question the integrity of any of these per­ For all these reasons, solar energy is ideally something else. It must weigh both sides, sons; yet it must be recognized that such suited to local or regional development. No one hopes impartially. There must at least an affiliation in this connection does not giant monopoly can control its supply or be no overt bias. A judgment must be dis­ suggest--it defines confilct of interest. dictate its uses. And since a large solar in­ interested. The only reprehensive element I would stallation is not basically different from a These a.re important considerations in the plead in the relationships themselves is in smaller one (it is only a larger aggregate of present public debate involving nuclear the failure to disclose them. Imagine the dif­ collectors, mirrors. or photovoltaic cells), power. A bewildered and uneasy public is ference in impact had these academic signers there are no significant economic advantages faced with highly technical problems, far listed themselves as directors of Exxon, Nu­ to be gained by size as there are in, say, nu­ beyond its capacity to evaluate. Hence it is clear Systems, Iowa Electric Light and Power, clear-power plants. Economically and ther­ forced to rely upon the opinions of experts. Detroit Edison and the like! modynamically, solar energy can be effec­ But then it is crucial whether those experts The business of the energy industry is not tively applied-at first in judicious combi­ are advocates or judges. to make energy but to make money. In pur­ nation with conve11tional sources and even­ One of th~ main factors that undermined suit of that singleminded purpose it con­ tually alone-to the needs of a single home public confidence in the United States Atom­ tinuously lobbies, infiltrates Federal agen­ or a city. ic Energy Commission was the realization cies, funds candidates in both major parties, that the ma.in thrust of this public agency devotes many millions of dollars to "educa­ was to promote the nuclear-power industry tional" propaganda, and does everything it THE NUCLEAR-POWER-TRUTH and that it was willing to compromise 011 can to avoid regulation. standards of safety to achieve this end. We scientists are often asked whether it MAZE It was largely the work of persons out­ might be possible eventually to produce (Mr. OTTINGER asked and was given side both Government and industry-indeed, nuclear-power safely. That is a technical permission to extend his remarks at this opposed all the way by Government and in­ question, and the answer to it may well be point in the RECORD and to include extra.;. dustry-that eventually forced tighter safety yes. But that is the wrong way to ask the neous matter.) standards and controls. question. The real question we face is A bewildered public seeking expert and whether nuclear power can be produced Mr. OTTINGER. Mr. Speaker, yester­ unbiased opinion hopes to find that in the safely while maximizing profit. The answer day the New York Times carried an ex­ universities. And rightly so. The entire in­ to that question is no. tremely thoughtful article by the Nobel sistence on academic freedom rests on the We had a nlce instance of the real situa­ Laureate George Wald, of Harvard Uni­ assumption that the universities are engaged tion at a news conference in Washington on versity. In his article Professor Wald in an objective and impartial search for Aug. 6, 1975, when the Union of Concerned very ably sets out some of the most seri­ truth. Scientists presented to the Administration ous-and often disturbing-features of One looks to them for both expertise and and Congress a petition signed by 2,800 sci­ disinterestedness; but if one had to make entists and engineers asking restraint on the the current "nuclear, antinuclear" a choice, disinterestedness is the more im­ debate. further construction of nuclear-power plants portant. For experts a.re all a.bout us; indus­ until problems involving their safety were His plea that judgments leading to try and Government employ large numbers public policy should be disinterested, and of them. Disinterestedness is the rare and under better control. his recognition that this is unfortunately precious quantity. One of the speakers was Rear Adm. Ra.lpb. I make so much of this because at present Weymouth, recently retired from the Na'Vy. rarely the case, are strong reasons for What had disturbed Admiral Weymouth was those of us in positions of public respon­ the public, trying to reach a position on nu­ clear power, finds professors on both sides. the great disparity between safety precau­ sibility to give heightened attention to Whom is one to believe? tions observed by the Navy in its nuclear in­ the ways in which we analyze informa­ It needs to be understoOd that, as in so stallations and those taken by the nuclear tion and how we reach "conclusions." many other instances, those professors do not industry. The point is simple enough: The His statement that "it helps to know face a symmetrical situation. They must Navy opetates without regard to profit, that those opposed to nuclear power have find their way in a heavily biased context. whereas the industry bends all its efforts to March 1, 1976 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 4809 maximize profit, and regularly cuts corners Last month Senators HUGH ScoTT and deeper lurch than before against wealthy op­ to achieve that end. EDWARD KENNEDY prepared a very timely ponents. The recent ruling appears to give Everyone ls an idealist, not just you and the wealthy candidate a constitutional right and perceptive article on congressional to bury an election by spending unlimited your friends but all those on the other side. campaign financing for the New York Just ask them, and they will tell you. amounts from his own pocket, while others Having to find my way through a maze of Times . Op-Ed page. This well-written must raise funds under the applicable con­ frequently conflicting ideals, I finally adopted article not only spells out the effects of tribution limits-$1,000 from individuals a rough rule of thumb: If the ideal costs the Supreme Court's decision but also and $5,000 from groups. something--in money, privilege, status-that makes the very vital point that- Some have suggested resolving this dilem­ ma by raising or abolishing the contribution makes it a little more credible. If, on the If public financing was important for Pres­ contrary, it pays off in any or all of those limits so that candidates may receive pri­ idential elections, it is even more important vate funds in amounts larger than the mod­ ways, then I fall back on the principle of for Senate and House elections. scientific parsimony: If you have one ex­ est levels now allowed. But the solution planation for a phenomenon there is no One of the major failings of the pres­ would be the antithesis of reform. It would need to seek a second explanation. ent system, as Senators SCOTT and KEN­ return Congressional election financing to Those of us who oppose nuclear power in NEDY observe, is that- the darlt ages of unacceptable influence and its present forms have nothing to gain there­ corruption. The better answer is public fi­ By outlawing spending limits, the Court nancing, on the model already applicable to by but our share in the common good. Our leaves candidates of modest means in a opposition brings us into conflict with all the Presidential elections and now widely ac­ deeper lurch than before against wealthy cepted by taxpayers and candidates. centers of power. It costs us our own money. opponents. It threatens rather than raises our profes­ We have long felt that campaign financing sional status. Lately, three General Electric Last Friday, the Court gave the Con­ abuses were more serious for Congress than engineers and a Federal safety supervisor for the Presidency. For years, going back gress an additional 3 weeks in which to in some cases over decades, there has been a resigned their management jobs in nuclear­ reconstitute the Federal Election Com­ power installations. One gets no medals for connection between campaign contributions such behavior, only opprobrium from Gov­ mission in order to meet the standards and the way Congress works its will. And the ern and industry, only the lasting stigma of set by the Court. I am hopeful that our connection has become more pervasive and not being a team player. colleagues in both Houses will use this insidious as the role of Congress grows and as Whom is one to believe? One cannot be additional time wisely and that they will Federal laws affect more areas of the nation's sure. But it helps to know that those opposed have the courage to include public fi­ life. to nuclear power have nothing to gain from naneing for congressional elections along We know that even now, as 1976 unfolds, their position but the public good, that they influential interest groups are all dressed up with the reestablishment of the FEC. and waiting in the wings. Their campaign are indeed willing to pay for the privilege of Mr. Speaker, I insert herewith, for in­ speaking out. chests are the fattest in their history. The clusion in the RECORD, the very astute alarming proliferation of political-action and thought-provoking article prepared committees is becoming the most notorious PUBLIC FINANCING FOR CONGRES­ by Senators SCOTT and KENNEDY: new loophole in the election laws, more no­ FINANCING CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS torious even than the spending loopholes SIONAL CAMPAIGNS-ESSENTIAL opened up by the Supreme Court's decision FOR EFFECTIVE CAMPAIGN RE­ (By HUGH SCOTT and EDWARD M. KENNEDY) for rich candidates and rich activists. FORM WASHINGTON .-Mark Twain is reported to Abuses of campaign financing do not stop have said that the United States has the at the other end of Pennsylvania Avenue. If (Mr. O'ITINGER asked and was given finest Congress money can buy. A jest, per­ public financing was important for Presi­ permission to extend his remarks at this haps, but it has the sting of truth, because dential elections, it is even more important point in the RECORD and to include extra­ of the way campaigns for the Senate and for Senate and House elections. This obvious neous matter.> House of Representatives have been financed reform is the wisest investment a taxpayer Mr. O'ITINGER. Mr. Speaker, one of in the past. · can make in the future of the country. It the major deficiencies in our political Wealthy campaign contributors and their can help guarantee that the political influ­ favored candidates created the appearance­ ence of citizens and interest groups on Con­ system is the excessive influence of and sometimes the reality-of corruption gress will be measured by their votes and money on the electoral process and the and conflict of interest, of bribery and ex­ voices, not the thickness of their bankrolls. extent to which special monied interests tortion, as contributors vied for access, in­ There is still time to enact this reform for receive special treatment as a result. Leg­ fluence and even outright control over can­ the 1976 Congressional elections. The pres­ islation to regulate the manner in which didates for office. ent debate will tell whether Congress is pre­ political campaigns are financed has The fund-raising abuses of the 1972 Pres­ pared to make an honest legislature of itself, largely been a piecemeal effort, beginning idential campaign created the pressures for or whether Mark Twain's sarcastic aphorism reform that culminated in the Federal Elec­ still reigns on Capitol Hill. with the Federal Corrupt Practices Act of tion Campaign Act of 1974. For the first time, 1925. the 1976 Presidential elections are being paid Although the Revenue Act of 1971 and for by the people, through the dollar check­ THE NATIONAL HOUSING CRISIS the Federal Election Campaign Act of off on the income tax form. 1971 authorized public funds to finance Virtually all the candidates of both parties equity into the manner in which con­ the November election will be paid for com­ gressional and senatorial races are fi­ pletely by public funds. The fat cats are Mr. OTTINGER. Mr. Speaker, there is nanced or of eliminating the corrupting shut out. no question that the housing situation influence of money on congressional But not completely. Congress refused to in the United States, and particularly in elections. Thus, the vast majority of clean its own stables in 1974. Adopting a urban areas, is desperate and that this candidates must continue to depend on "holier than Watergate" attitude to election bears directly on the long-standing un­ certain special interests and persons of reform, it left a double standard in the law. employment crisis, particularly in the It preached public financing for Presidential construction industry. What is most dis­ wealth in order to finance their cam­ elections, but practiced only a patched-up paigns. This is especially true for candi­ version of private financing for itself. Now, concerting is that it seems that noth­ dates seeking to challenge incumbents. opportunity is knocking a second time. ing is being done to effectively cope with In the 1974 House elections, for exam­ Prompt legislation by Congress is required to either of these problems. ple, Corp.mon cause reported that in­ revive the Federal Election Commission, Since 1970 there has been an annual oeumbents outspent major-party chal­ struck down by the United States Supreme increase in households on the average of lengers in about 80 percent of the races. Court. 1.5 million. However, approximately It is important to note that the Su­ At the same time, the Court's solid en­ 500,000 to 700,000 housing units are re­ dorsement of the constitutionality of public preme Court has upheld the constitution­ financing gives Congress a green light to re­ moved from the inventory each year. In ality of public :financing for Presidential form its own elections as part of the legisla­ order to simply maintain the inventory campaigns and held that public :financing tion now being readied. and accommodate growth, from 2 to 2.2 was the only permissible vehicle for In fact. the Court's decision adds signifi­ million additional uni~ are required. limiting campaign expenditures. Affirma­ cant momentum to the drive for Congres­ Add to this the necessity to replace the tive steps must be taken to extend this sional public financing. several hundred thousand occupied sub­ procedure to House and Senate cam­ By outlawing spending limits, the Co.urt standard units and the average annual paigns. leaves candidates of modest means in a requirement increases to a range of 2.4 4810 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE March 1, 1976 to 2.6 million units of housing. The sad Ing and Community Development Act of of the grant recipients ln New York State fact is that total production of new 1974. would in the last three years receive only housing in 1974 was in the range of 1.4 Mr. Speaker, I believe the recommen­ one-third of what they received in the prior million units and, last year, this figure three. This would mean a drop off of over dations of the NYSARHO legislative $200 million in grants to those New York fell to a level of about 1.2 million units. committee wan·ant careful and serioUi State communities. We have prepared a Thus, there is presently a deficit of an consideration by our colleagues. I have separate report that documents this on a estimated 1.2 to 1.4 million housing units. already made them available to the able community-by-community basis. The lack of adequate housing is chairmen of the House Banking, Cur­ That the amount of program discretionary further exacerbated by the high propor­ rency and Housing Committee and its ftmds to be made available be increased. tion of housing requiring substantial re­ Housing and Community Development III. Public Housing; Sufficient funding for habilitation. Some measures of deficiency operating subsidies, modernization and re­ Subcommittee and to the Secretary of habilitation. in housing units are lack of some or all Housing and Urban Development. I in­ Our housing authorities must have suffi­ plumbing facilities, lack of heat, exposed sert them herewith for inclusion in the cient funding to meet increased costs of wiring, cracks in ceilings and walls, and RECORD and commend them to our col­ management and energy and to provide the roofs with water leakage. In 1973, for leagues' attention: necessary tenant social services assistance. They are restricted by law as to the rents example, nearly 3.6 million housing FEDERAL LEGISLATIVE PRIORITIES OF THE NEW units lacked some or all plumbing fa­ they can charge and the income levels of ten­ YORK STATE ASSOCIATION OF RENEWAL AND ants. There must be adequate subsidies to cilities. Of the more than 59 million oc­ HOUSING OFFICIALS, !NC., FEBRUARY 1976 meet this gap. cupied units with heating equipment in We note that the Congress will this week It is far cheaper to modernize or rehabili­ 1973, nearly 5 million-or 8.4 percent-­ consider the overriding of the President's tate an old unit than to build a new one. Pro­ were reported to have suffered break­ veto of the Public Works Employment Act viding substantial funding for this ts the downs in heating. Further, some 3.3 mil­ of 1975. We support this important legisla­ most fiscally prudent step that the Con­ lion-or 5.5 percent--had some rooms tion and urge an affirmative vote by the Con­ gress can take. closed due to inadequate heating sys­ gress. IV. The Section 8 New Housing Construc­ Many sections of our State are stiffering tion Program doesn't work. tems. In addition, 2.7 million units had from severe unemployment, particularly in Since the passage of the Act in August of some or all wiring exposed and nearly the construction industry. The economy of 1974, we have not seen one unit of new Sec­ 5.3 million units were reported to have the State and inaction have brought about tion 8 construction in New York State. Obvi­ roofs with water leakage. this crisis situation. The failure to adequate­ ously, there are problems. Coupled with these urgent housing re­ ly fund and expeditiously administer the There are many devices HUD can use to quirements and gross deficiencies, the various federally assisted housing programs make the program work. These include guar­ Nation's construction industry has dem­ has contributed to the high incidence of un­ anteeing State and local housing finance employment. Our municipalities and the agency bonds; a tandem plan for FHA in­ onstrated consistently high levels of un­ State are unable to adequately fund much surance and GNMA purchase of mortgages; employment. As of January 1976, 652,- needed public works improvement programs combinations of these; review of the allow·· 000 construction workers were unem­ which would help to revitalize decaying sec­ able fair market rents; a new proces-sing sys­ ployed-reflecting a clearly unacceptable tions of our older communities. This legisla­ tem, among others. we believe HUD knows unemployment rate of 16 percent. tion would help to alleviate some of the most what most of the problems are and is aware The conditions which exist in terms of severe problems. of the many alternatives for solving them. joblessness in the building trades and We have in the past year communicated We have yet to see evidence that the program with HUD, the Congressional Housing, Legis­ will soon be working. longstanding housing needs can be ac­ lative, and Appropriations subcommittees, Until there is evidence that the Section 8 curately viewed in a microcosm in West­ and individual members of our State's Con­ new construction program works, we propose chester County, N.Y. Overall unemploy­ gressional delegation, on many individual that there be a moratorium on its use on ment in the construction industry, for housing and community development needs. other than a pilot basis. example, is over 50 percent. In certain There are many technical and administrative We propose that the emphasis be shifted sectors of this industry it is much problems that inhibit the ability of our mu­ back, at least temporarily, to a reliance on higher-approximately 80 percent for op­ nicipalities to use these programs in an effec­ the conventional public housing and the 236 erating engineers, 60 percent for brick­ tive way. programs as the basic new construction tools Certainly, wf! do not have federal housing for housing low and moderate-income fami­ layers, and 55 percent for laborers. Un­ assistance programs that work in terms of lies. As soon as the bugs in Section 8 are employment among Westchester carpen­ new housing construction for low, moderate, worked out these old programs can then be ters is 30 percent, 25 percent for painters, and middle-income families. The Community slowly phased out, and a viable Section 8 and 21 percent for electricians. Development Program is not funded at a program then substituted for them. Consider these very disturbing figures scale sufficient to make significant progress V. The Section 312 Rehabilitation Loan along with the fact that almost 42 per­ towards meeting the goals set forth in the Program. cent of the housing in Westchester preamble to the Housing and Community \Ve request that the Congress extend the Development Act of 1974. 312 program through fiscal year 1977 and County is over 40 years old and that an Set forth below are our legislative pri­ provide sufficient new funding authority at estimated 20,000 to 25,000 housing units orit ies. We have not attempted to highlight a level at least equal to 100 million dollars. in the county are considered deterio­ all of the technical problems we face. We We recommend that, except in unusual rated, that is, units in which the health, shall communicate the latter on a case-by­ cases, the early loan commitment procedures safety, and welfare of the inhabitants are case basis to HUD officials and the Congress. under the 312 program should be abandoned jeopardized. Furthermore, between 1973 We want to focus here on those items that in favor of a system of loan commitments and 1975 there was a 65-percent dooline require early and urgent attention in terms related t o actual applications. of major legislative actions. We strongly urge that additional HUD in housing starts in Westcheste1· and be­ I. Fiscal Year 1977 Community Develop­ staff should be provided and adequately tween 1974 and 1975 this figure rose to ment Funding Requirements. trained to administer the 312 program on a 73 percent. For fiscal year 1977, we recommend a pro­ continuing basis. Recently the legislative committee of gram level for the community development VI. Orderly Completion of Urban Renewal the New York State Association of block grant program at least equal to the Projects. Renewal and Housing Officials­ balance of the available authorization- We propose that Congress authorize and NYSARHO-has prepared interesting 3.148 billion dollars. appropriate, during the fiscal year 1977 to and useful data regarding decreases in II. Fiscal Year 1978-80 Community Devel­ 1980 period, a minimum of 500 million dol­ opment Funding. lars in Urgent Needs funds for completing community development grants to com­ That during calendar year 1976, the pro­ urban renewal projects with not less than munities in New York State during the gram authorization level for fl.seal years '78, 100 million dollars available in any given last 3 fiscal years of the program and '79, and '80 be established by Congress. fiscal year. some very timely and thought-provoking That the Community Development grant We propose that HUD, during 1976, require proposals pertaining to the commu­ formulas under Section 106(g) (2) and 106 each community to prepare and t1·ansmit a (h) be adjusted so that no recipient re­ study establishing what its needs are for nity development program. As the ceives loos in fiscal years '77, '78, and '79 than completing urban renewal projects. NYSARHO's proposal so aptly notes: was received during the prior three years. We propose that the results of the u1·ban The Community Development Program is For those recipients who were to be phased renewal completion survey be transmitted by not funded at a scale sufficient to make into higher levels of funding, the formula HUD to the Congress, so that it might revise significant progress towards meeting the should remain the same. the authorization based upon hard informa­ goals set forth in the preamble to the Hous- As the formula currently provides most tion. March 1, 197B CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4811 We propose that HUD institute a policy of within the permissible mortgage limits. making urban renewal-capital grant progress These need to be raised to relate to actual Total loss in grants payments in the exact amount of dollars _land and construction costs in a given mar­ Total CD grants over last which have been expended locally. ket. 3 fiscal VII. HUD Community Development policy The interest rate for the program is too 1975-77 1978- 80 years determinations, regulations, and forms. high and results in a housing cost that is That HUD regularly issue policy letters to greater than the target market can afford Nassau-Suffolk SMSA: a formal distribution list including all com­ to pay. We propose that the one percent Freeport ______4, 017 1, 339 2. 678 munity development recipients and inter­ ( 1 % ) rate originally set by Congress be re­ Glen Cove ______11, 634 3, 878 7, 756 ested community groups. instated. Hempstead Town ______l, 137 379 758 Hempstead Village ______236, 221-d- 3, As­ 3, 309 l, 103 2, 206 That HUD issue all new forms and reg­ XIII. Existin g and Other Huntington Town ______1, 029 343 686 ulations during the July 1st and December sisted Projects. Islip Town ______1, 308 436 872 1st period of each year. Many of these projects are encountering Long Beach ______4, 338 1, 446 2, 892 VIII. Community Development-Housing financial difficulties through no fault of North Hempstead ______7, 854 2, 618 5, 236 Rockville Centre ______492 164 328 Program Relationships. their own. The original financial structure New York SMSA: That HUD restructure the Housing As­ was not geared so as to be able to absorb Greenburgh ______2, 157 719 1, 438 sistance Plan so that its emphasis is on the major increases in costs of energy and Lewisboro Town ______18 6 12 producing a well-thought-out achievable ac­ management. Because of the recession, the Mount Kisco ______1, 167 389 778 Mount Vernon ______7, 618 4, 378 3, 240 tion program which will meet a broad spec­ incomes of the tenants of these projects North Tarrytown ______33 11 22 trum of housing needs and will be coordi­ have not increased to the extent required for Nyack ______891 297 594 Ossining Village ______2, 325 775 1, 550 nated in an action framework with the local them to be able to absorb rent increases. Peekskill ______There are a number of tools available to 8, 916 2, 972 5, 944 Community Development Program. Spring Valley ______1, 500 500 1, 000 That HUD review and revise all of the reg­ HUD and possible steps Congress can take Tarrytown ______1, 821 607 2, 214 ulations and procedures of the various op­ to restore the viability of these projects. Tuckahoe ______999 333 666 erating housing programs to assure that These include: operating subsidies, refi­ White Plains ______11, 136 4, 900 6, 236 Yonkers ______------15, 735 10, 491 5, 244 they give due priority to those related to nancing of mortgages, a moratorium on debt Yorktown ______1, 278 426 852 Community Development and urban re­ service, an energy adjustment subsidy, Poughkeepsie SMSA: newal programs. among others. Beacon_------______8, 241 2, 747 5, 494 That the existing Section 8 program be re­ Another step to be considered is a re­ Poughkeepsie______31, 936 11, 005 20, 931 Rochester SMSA: vised so as to permit these units to be used moval of project income limits, with all fast Rochester______1, 812 604 1, 208 by a municipality in a focused program families paying not less than 25 percent of Fairport______------1, 707 569 1, 138 their incomes (except in hardship cases) for Medina _____ ------_ 1, 866 622 1, 244 which specifically relates to other Commu­ Ne\\"ark ______nity Development efforts. rent up to the necessary economic rent. This 3,441 1, 147 2, 294 Rochester ______41, 616 21, 483 20, 133 IX. Loan Guarantees: A device for helping would increase rental income to the project Syracu se SMSA: Community Development to focus on the and thus develop some subsidy funds for Fulton ______2,907 969 l, 938 elimination of slums and blight. those families who cannot afford to pay the Oswego ______--- - - 1,047 349 698 A local government or its designated entity increased rents. It would also further the Syracuse ______------35, 193 16, 983 18, 210 Utica-Rome SMSA: may avail itself of federally guaranteed loans goals of economic integration and broaden Ilion ______-- _____ 738 246 492 to finance up to 90 percent of payments for the housing supply for those who cannot Little Falls ______471 157 314 land and other major capital outlays eligi­ fi r: d housing on the open market. Rome ___ _------4,5&9 2, 815 1, 754 ble as community development activities. Utica __ ------4, 653 4, 367 286 Nonmetropolitan areas: Loans may be amortized over a period of NEW YORK STATE ASSOCIATION OF Auburn ______408 136 272 up to 10 years, subject to extension by the RENEWAL AND HOUSING OFFI­ Batavia ______--_ 2, 805 935 1, 870 Corning ______------l, 302 434 868 Secretary in cases of hardship. · CIALS, INC., Cortland ______The Secretary of HUD is authorized to Albany, N.Y., Fe"'Jntary 12, 1976. 1, 500 500 1, 000 Dunkirk ------3, 177 l, 059 2, 118 accept as the local guarantee a pledge of REPORT OF NYSARHO LEGISLATIVE Glens Falls ______4,692 1, 564 3, 128 the local government's annual entitlement COMMITrEE Gloversville __ ------537 179 358 to future community development grants to Hornell ______------2, 616 872 1, 744 Re Decreases in C.D. grants to New York Hudson ______- ---- 2, 757 919 1, 838 the extent necessary to cover annual carry­ State Communities over the last three Ithaca ______---_ 1, 275 425 850 ing charges on outstanding guaranteed loans fiscal years of the program (Fiscal years Jamestown ______4, 764 1, 588 3, 176 and/ or a locality may also use disposition 1978-1980). Kingston _____ ------4,077 1, 359 2,7'18 proceeds of land acquired with Community Middletown ______--- ___ 1, 290 430 860 Development grants or loans, and other rev­ The attached table documents the de­ Monticello ______--- 2, 811 937 1, 874 Newburgh ______------6,m 2, 146 4, 292 enues for loan amortization. creases that will occur unless the C.D. fund­ Norwich ______57 114 Where a local governing body so requests ing formula is changed. They will total $207,- Ogdensburgh ______1, 887 629 1, 258 by resolution, HUD shall make a loan guar­ 264,000 for the State. Olean ______------2, 688 896 1, 792 Oneonta ______------1, 4~j 494 988 antee available directly to any other local NYSAHRO is requesting that Congress Penn Yan ______29 58 agency empowered by state or local law to change the law so that municipalities who Plattsburgh __ ------2.m 827 1, 654 make such loans and carry out the purposes would have suffered a decrease remain at Port Jervis ______208 416 the same level. For those few who will Potsdam ___ _------609 203 406 of the program. Salamanca ______--- - _ 162 54 108 X. Insuring State Housing Finance Agency receive increases, we ask that they be al­ Watertown ______999 333 666 Bonds. lowed to receive these as their needs are Woodridge_------117 39 78 These agencies have played a most im­ great. To accomplish this, and to provide portant role in housing production. They are for adequate discretionary funds, Congress Total losses in State ______207, 264 now effectively shut out of the market-place will have to increase the total authoriza­ because of national economic trends. tion and appropriation. "NO.-WIN" CDC? Congress has enacted legislation which (l n thou sands ; fiscal years] can be used by HUD to make these agencies (Mr. VAN DEERLIN asked and was operative and viable. We ask that these tools given permission to extend his remarks be used and that other steps be taken to Total loss at this point in the RECORD and to in­ infuse these agencies with the capital needed in grants Total CD gra nts over last clude extraneous matter.) to finance Section 8 and middle-income 3 fiscal Mr. VAN DEERLIN. Mr. Speaker, the construction. 1975-77 1978-80 years California Democratic Council, a noted XI. Expansion of the section 202-8 Senior political volunteer organization in my Citizens Program. Albany-Schenectady-Troy There were applications for over 40,000 SMSA : home State, has completed its winter units in our region. We were allocated about Albany __ ------6, 270 5, 676 594 meeting in Los Angeles over the weekend Amsterdam __------3,582 1, 194 2, 388 1,600 units. Cohoes ______10, 701 2, 583 8, 118 with two remarkable endorsements: Fred We recommended that the authorization Mechanicville ______1, 608 536 1, 072 Harris for President, and Tom Hayden Saratoga Sp rings ______4, 365 1, 455 2, 910 and appropriation be increased so that there Schenectady ______4, 431 3,469 481 for U.S. Senator. are at least 10,000 units available on an· an­ Troy ______------_ 4, 242 3, 382 860 Mr. Hayden, the former antiwar radi­ nual basis in our region. Watervliet______1, 227 409 818 Binghamton SMSA: Bing- cal married to actress Jane Fonda, out­ XII. The "New" Section 235 Program. hamton ______------15, 888 6, 635 9, 253 polled incumbent Senator JOHN V. TUN­ We desperately need a home ownership Buffalo SMSA: NEY by a onesided 68.6 to 24 percent. program for families who cannot afford to Buffalo ______------33, 540 24, 188 9, 352 Lancaster ______l, 308 436 872 CDC members are obviously entitled purchase decent homes · at private market Lockport __ ------3, 027 1,009 2,018 prices. Niagara Falls ______4, 737 4, 113 624 to their opinions, but yesterday's action The "new" Section 235 program will not Tonawanda __------__ 2, 217 739 1,478 raises questions about the viability ·of Elmira SMSA: work in many areas of New York State be­ Elmira ______------4,827 2, 971 1, 856 this once highly regarded organization, cause it is impossible to produce housing Elmira Heights ______2, 595 865 1, 730 founded in the late fifties. 4812 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE March 1, 1976 If I did not know and respect individ­ The procedure of considering applications months the State Department has stalled ual CDC people as I do, I might harbor for exit visas is in fact far from what the issuing a vi~a to Mr. Blanco. Many ·promi­ a suspicion that this ostensibly liberal author endeavors to present. This is the nent individuals (see Enclosures} have sent reality: Persons unknown, guided by in­ messages. :to the State Department urging Democratic group is in cahoots with the structions unknown and proceeding from that a visa be granted with no further GOP. motivations unknown, return their verdicts delay. Republicans would love to have Hay­ in the absence of those applying. In case of In spite of these protests and the growing den win the Democratic nomination. refusal, one is deprived of the right to choose number of invitations for Mr. Blanco to They figure he would be a setup for any his place of residence, a right established in speak at universities across the nation, the Republican nominee-an ideological the General Declaration of Human Rights visa still has not been granted. Recently, we pul'ist who could not win in November. and solemnly contirmed in Helsinki. have been told that Secretary of State Kis­ This sentence is indefinite, and there is singer has the visa application for review. Fortunately, rank-and-file Democrats no appeal. The only right remaining is that Your message protesting this anti-demo­ of California do not feel the same way of applying again for an exit visa in the cratic harassment and calling on Mr. Kissin­ as the CDC. Results of the latest Field hope that the sentence will be changed. But ger to immediately issue the visa can be of poll, coincidentally released this morning, one has to wait at least a year. According to substantial aid in assuring Mr. Blanca's show Senator TuNNEY ahead of Hayden Shumilin, the main reason for refusal of right to enter and speak in this country. by 55 to 15 percent, a margin of nearly an emigration visa is the knowledge of state Yours, 4 to 1. secrets, but in the U.S.S.R. all secrets are STEVE ScHMUGER, state secrets. Therefore, any intellectual pro­ NYC USLA . These voters appreciate Senator TuN­ fession, including work in the most peaceful NEY's record of accomplishment on behalf branch of industry or science, might entail [Newsletter of the U.S. Committee for Jus­ of the State and Nation, and they know t he knowledge of "state secrets." To illus­ tice to Latin American Political Prisoners, he is the man to beat. So do the Repub­ t rate: If one goes to a public library and September 1975] licans. wants to read certain foreign publications, As for CDC's support of the estimable one has to present a permit allowing access STATE DEPARTMENT DELAYS BLANCO TOUR to secret documents. Even reading The New The long awaited tour of Peruvian peasant Fred Harris, granted on a 2 to 1 vote, York Times in the library requires special leader Hugo Blanco, due to begin Sept. 25th , I think other contenders, such as our permission. · is being seriously threatened by delaying House colleague, Mo UDALL, have already We were also amazed to read that "the tactics of the U.S. State Dept. The facts of demonstrated they are far more likely fact of the application as a rule does not Mr. Bianco's application for a visa reveal to win not only the Democratic nomina­ affect the social position or the official duties a shockingly deliberate campaign by t he tion for President but also the Office it­ performed by an applicant apart from those State Dept. to prevent his views from being self. being engaged in the military industry." In heard here. After receiving numerous in­ The latest CDC endorsements are po­ reality the very fact that an application has vitations from academic depts. of leading been submitted . damages, immediately and universities Mr. Blanco applied in mid-July litically unreal. They show the CDC can in a most essential way, both the social posi­ at the U.S. Embassy in Stockholm, Sweden, safely be ignored by candidates as well t ion and the official function as well as the for a visa to enter the U.S. on Aug. 15th. as by the electorate. private life of the applicant and his family. Mr, Blanco complied with all the for­ All this taken together-the uncertainty malities and was told he would receive an of one's fate, the hard life of those waiting answer in early August. When he checked WHY SOVIET EMIGRATION HAS for years for permission, the fear for the fate back in early August he was told that no DECLINED of one's children and, finally, disappointment decision would be made until late August and decreasing hope in the triumph of jus­ because Oif unspecified "problems". On Sept . (Mr. KOCH asked and was given per­ tice and humanity-these are the genuine 4th he was told the decision was ·being put mission to extend his remarks at this causes of emigration decline. off for another three weeks, which · would' be point in the RECORD and to include ex­ B. LEVICH, the first day of his scheduled tour, Sept. 25th. traneous matter.) S . ALBER. With these delays the right of many of Mr. KOCH. Mr. Speaker, in the New N. MEIMAN. the individuals and organizations who have York Times of Thursday, February 26, L. KORENFELD. invited him ·to speak is jeopardized. It · also there is a letter written by four Soviet Moscow, February 6, 1976. raises the possibility that they may deny him a visa altogether. When it became clear that citizens now in Moscow who, at the risk delay was the policy of the State Dept. many of their lives, sent a letter for publica­ CORRESPONDENCE CONCERNING of those who had originally invited Mr. tion in the New York Times to tell what HUGO BLANCO Blanco to speak were joined by prominent the facts are concerning the decline in individuals in addressing inquiries and pro­ Soviet emigration, and refuting an ar­ Thomas M. Davies, Jr., Chairman, Latin Meiman, and L. Korenfeld, are following Mr. . KOCH. Mr. Speaker, during the American Lecture Series, San Diego State. the leadership of Solzhenitsyn and Sak­ course of a year many Members of Con­ Richard Fagan, Prof. of Political Science, Stanf~rd University. harov in speaking the truth even while gress receive requests from constituents Richard Falk, Acting Director, Center of behind the bars of the U.S.S.R. which and organizations seeking their aid in International Studies, Princeton Univ. today is their prison. I am appending bringing individuals, who have been Rev. G. G. Grant, S.J., Loyola University of that letter: barred by the State Department, into the Chicago, Jesuit Community. [From the New York Times, Feb. 26, 1976) United States to lecture and engage in Congressman Michael Harrington (Massa­ other organizational activities. chusetts}. WHY SOVIET EMIGRATION HAS DECLINED It is my practice to pursue these mat­ Yates Hofner, Dean, Monteith College, To the Editor: ters so as to ascertain whether the De­ Wayne State University, Detroit. The Feb. 3 Op-Ed article about Soviet emi­ Tom Hayden, Democratic Candidat e for gration, written by Gen. Boris Shumilin, partment of State has proceeded in a Senator, California. Soviet Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs, reasonable manner. One such matter Phyllis Kahn, State Representat ive, Min­ might have given your readers a distorted came to my attention in September 1975 nesot a. impression about the actual state of things. concerning Hugo Blanco. I think the cor­ Sidney Lens, author. . The author mentions the considerable respondence on this matter will be of Froben Lozada, Chicago Studies Dept., Mer ­ decrease of the number of emigrants, In par­ interest to our colleagues: rit Community College. t icular, the number of Jews who left this Rev. David McGowan, AGAPE House, Univ. country in 1975 turns out to be only about a U.S. COMMITTEE FOR JUSTICE TO LATIN AMERICAN POLITIC:AL PRIS­ of Illinois. third of the number that left in 1973. He Congressman Parren Mitchell (Maryland}. acknowledged that some categol"ies ·Of people ONERS, New York, N .Y., Sep tember 22, 1975. · Deen Peerman, Managing Editor, Ohristi-a.n are kept in the country, even produced a. Century. figure: 1.6 percent of the total number of Mr. ED KOCH, New York, N .Y. Michael Predmore, Professor, Univ. of t hose having left the country within thirty Washington, Seattle. yea1·s. DEAR MR. KqcH.: Plans for the important That figure evokes our strongest doubts: tour of Hugo Blanco, author, internationally Leland Rayson, State Representat ive, In 1976 about 2,000, or 14 percent of a total known Peruvian peasant-union leader and Illinois. of 13, 700 wishing to leave, were refused or refugee of the Chile coup have been threat­ Ramona Ripstop., Executive Director, ACLU, the refusal was confirmed. ened by the U.S. State Department. For two So. . California. Mar·ch 1, 1976 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 4813

U.S. HOUSE OF REPRE~ENTATIVES, Joining the campaign to defend ~lanco's tory as a trade union organizer in ·Argentina. right to tour the U.S. is his U.S. publisher, Church groups, who often have affi,liates in Washington, D.C., October 17, 1975. Pathfinder Press of New · York. In a letter Latin America will prove receptive. Organi­ STEVE SCHMUGER, to· the State Dept. Pathfinder explains that zations of Native Americans should be ap­ USLA Justice Conimittee, they plan to meet with Mr. Blanco to dis­ p1·oached since Blanco is well known for his New York, N.Y. cuss business matters and express concern work among the Qechua Indians of Peru. DEAR MR. SCHMUGER: Enclosed is the re­ over delays or a denial of his visa, pointing There are many who will simply be concerned sponse I received from the Department of out that "continued delay or denial would about auy violation of civil liberties who State regarding the problem with Hugo violate the recent Helsinki Agreement ("The should be approached. Blanco. Conference on Security a.nd Co-Operation in Visit your local Congressperson or their Apparently the matter is still being given Europe, Final Act,'' issued by the U.S. State aides and seek their support. A number have consideration. When I receive the ultimate Dept., 1975). The Agreement is quite specific already endorsed the campaign. They will decision, I will send it on to you. regarding the rights to cultural exchange. On often call the State Department right on the All the best. page 123 of the Final Act, the · first item spot and register a protest. Sincerely, discussed under the section on access to With a quick response . to the State De­ EDWARD I. KOCH. books we find twelve paragraphs outlining the partment's harassment an!i stalling by a rights of authors, publishing houses, and broad range of individuals and groups we U.S. HOUSE' OF REPRESENTATIVES, Wctshington, D.C., October 21, 1975. audiences to free access, co-operation, an~ . can assure Bianco's right to enter the coun­ exchange. We find that our rights and Mr. try and speak. Dr. BENJAMIN SPOCK, Blanco's have been a.bridged under seven of New York, N.Y. . these paragraphs (See paragraphs 1, 3, 4, 5, U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESITTJTATIVES°. DEAR BEN: I fl,pologize fol' not answering 6, 7, and 10; Final Act, p. 123 and 124) .''Path­ Washington, D.C., September 24, 1975. your letter of September 30th until now, finder plans a big campaign in the publish­ STEVE SCHMUGER, but it was not brought to my attention until ing industry and media in general to defend USLA Justice Committee, today. As I understand the matter is still the right of its author to enter the U.S. New York, N.Y. pending, I have sent a letter to the State DEAR MR. SCHMUGER: I have your letter of Department urging that Mr. Blanco be per­ WHY THE STATE DEPT FEARS BLANCO'S IDEAS September 22nd regarding Hugo Blanco. mitted to come to this country. This shocking delay can probably be traced I have written to the Secretary of State on I do want to note at this time a paradox. to the fact that Blanco's eyewitness accounts this matter and as soon as I have any fur­ I get mail from those on the left supporting of the Chile coup with its brutal repression ther information, I will be in touch with the admission into this country of speakers and the U.S.'s role in it would prove embar­ you again. who are on the left and, in many cases, rassing to the government at a time when Sincerely, communist. Some of those same people who congressional investigations of the CIA mach­ EDWARD l. KOCH. write me object when someone identified inations in Chile and other sources reveal with i·ight wing causes or, in a recent case, an ever widening and sinister pattern of U.S. U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Italian facism seeks to come here. I take intervention in that country. "Was.,iington, D.C., September 24, 1975. the position that with the exception of ter­ HOW TO WIN THE VISA FIGHT Hon. HENRY A. KISSINGER, rorists who publicly advocate murder in pursuit of their goals, those who want to The government must not be allowed to Secretary of State, Department of State, have a full and free discussion of ideas trample on the democratic right of Blanco should not be impeded in coming to this to speak, or the right of those who invited Washington, D.C. DEAR MR. SECRETARY: I received the en­ country for that purpose. I further believe him to hear him. We can and must defeat that in the forum of discussion democratic this anti-democratic harassment.· USLA sup­ closed letter from the U.S. Committee for Justice to Latin American Political Prisoners ideals can establish their superiority over porters and other defenders of civil liberties the totalitarian ones of the right or the wlll want to increase the effort to mount pres­ regarding Hugo Blanco. I have no knowledge concerning the facts left. What do you think? sure on the State.Department to grant Bian­ All the best. · co's visa. :Here are some of the actions that in this case and would appreciate your sup­ plying me with whatever baclrnround ma­ Si1H;erely, can be undertaken: EDW ARO I. KO('I·I. Send a telegram· or letter of protest to: terial is available so that I can become more familiar with this subject. Leonard F: Walentynowicz, Burea,u: of secur­ U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, ity and Consular .Affairs, Department of State, Sincerely, EDWARD I. KOCH. Washington, D.C., October 21, 1975. Washington, D.C. 20020 Mr. ROBERT J. MCCLOSKEY, . Get other prominent individuals and or­ Assist. a1~t Secretary for Legislative Affairs, ganizations to do the same. Be sure to send NEW YORK, N.Y .. September 30, 1975. Department of State, Washington, D.C. a copy to USLA I DEAR MR. McOLOSK.EY: I am writing with Send a financial contribution to meet the Congressman ED KocH, U.S. House of Representatives, regard to Mr. Hugo Blanco, a Peruvian who ballooning expenses of the defense effort. I understand has encountered difficulty in Thousa1ids of dollars are needed to mount Washington, D.C. DEAR ED: I feel indignant about the State obtaining a visa to .enter this country be­ this effort, in addition to the cost of actually cause of his outspoken political beliefs. touring Blanco, when the visa is approved. Department's denying admission to a speaker whom many want to hear, presumably be­ Though I have no personal knowledge of Ask other supporters of civil liberties for this case, I believe that, with the exception contributions. cause he will testify to the brutality of the repression in Chile, and to our government's of terrorists who publicly advocate murder Help organlzon Mr. Blanco's alleged terrorist activities olutionist. of November 13th concerning the visa appli­ so that I, at least, can be bette·r informed On the day before the tour was scheduled cation of Mr. Hugo Blanco. on the matter. to start, a State Department spokesperson I am particularly interested in knowing Sincerely, announced that Secretary of State Henry something about his "previous terrorist ac­ EDWARD I . KOCH. Kissinger .had personally decided to bar tivities" so that I can .refer to them when Blanco from the United States. responding to the various letters that I am DEPARTMENT OF STATE, Shortly afte1·. this decision, the State De­ receiving which are initiated by groups and individuals espousing his ca.use. Washington, D.O., January 29, 1976. partment made a similar pronouncement on Hon. EDWARD I. KOCH, All the visa of Sergio Segre, Italian Communist the best. Longworth House Office Building, Party leader. At almost the same time the Sincerely, Washtngton, D.O. . EDWARD I. KOCH. same State Department gave VIP treatment DEAR . ~. KocH: Thank you for your let,ter to Giorgio Almirante, a leader of the neo­ of December 22 about your desire to obtain fascist Movemento Socia.le Italiano (MSI­ DECEMBER 5, 1975. more information in connection with the ltalian Social Movement). Hon. THOMAS P. O'NEn.L, Jr., refusal of a visa to Mr. Hugo Blanco. There is an obvious question: how could House of Representatives, Much of the information available to tlie one person, Hugo Blanco, so threaten the Washington, D.C. Department is classified for reasons of se­ security of the United States that he is de­ DEAR MR. O'NEn.L: Thank you for your curity and therefore cannot be divulged nied entrance? Blanco has just finished a inquiry o! November 21 on behalf of Ms. under the provisions of Executive Order tour of Sweden and Canada where no endan­ Lorraine Lyman about the visa application 11652 dated March 8, 1973, a copy of whicb gering of the public welfare of those coun­ of Mr. Hugo Blanco. is enclosed. · · tries was reported. The threat, instead, ls Mr. Blanco applied for a nonimmigrant visa A pa.rt of the public record, however, Is what Blanco has to say. in order to visit the United States to con­ his declaration that he took full and sole Blanco was forced to flee the repressive duct a lecture tour. He was found to be responsibility for the murders of three poli~e· regime of Chile following the coup there-­ ineligible for a visa under Section 212(a) men which occurred during a raid he aud a coup aided by the CIA as revealed, despite (28) of the Immigration and Nationality Act his followers made on a police station in Kissinger's denials, in recent Congressional because of his previous terrorist activities Peru during 1962. The Oongresslonal Record hearings. The subject of Blanco's tour ts and his affiliation with certain communist of December 19, 1975, contains further in­ "Latin America, a Continent without Jus­ organizations. Consideration was given as to formation about his aflillatlon with the tice." Clearly he would have taken up the whether the circumstances of his case would Fourth' International and other groups, .as issue of CIA involvement not only in Chile, justify the approval of a waiver of his in­ well as quotations from his writings in which but in Argentina, Brazil and Peru. admissibility under Section 212(d) (3) (A) of he has advocated the use of violence. Blanco's case has received front-page cov­ the Act. The Immigration and Naturalization I can assure you that Mr. Blanco's casG erage in a Southern Black newspaper, the Service, with which ultimate authority rests, was carefully reviewed. The finding of in­ Atlanta Voice. Editorials and stories have has concluded it would not be in the public eligibility under Section 212(a) (28) (C) and appeared in the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, St. interest to authorize his temporary admis­ (F) of the Immigration and Nationality Act Paul Dispatch and Pioneer Press, Atlanta sion into the United States. A waiver of his is mandatory. Mr. Blanco may also be in­ Journal, Library Journal, San Antonio Light inadmissibility will not, therefore, be granted eligible under Section 212(a} (9) of the Act, and numerous campus papers. in his behalf. which is quoted in the enclosure, because of Protests from prominent civil libertarians Sincerely, his conviction for murder. and organizations were directed at Kis­ ROBERT J. MCCLOSKEY, I hope that this additional information singer's office. These protests include mes­ Assistant Secretary for will be helpful. sages from Senator Hubert Humphrey; John Congressional Belatfons. Sincerely, Ervin, Jr., publisher of Aleksandr Solzhenit­ ROBERT J. MCCLOSKEY, syn's Candle in the Wind; Jules Feiffer; Con­ DEPARTMENT OF $TATE, Assistant Secretary for Oongresslona~ gresswoman Bella Abzug and Dr. Benjamin Relations. Spock. Washington, .Q.C., December 11, 1975. On November 11 we received word that we Hon. EDWARD I. KocH, had won a victory. Kissinger was forced to New Y01·k, N.Y. U.S. HOUSE REPRESENTATIVES, DEAR MR. KocH: Thank you !or your letter Washington, D.C. reverse himself and recommend to the Jus- of December 1 about your continued interest Dr. BENJAMIN SPOCK, 1ice Department that Blanco's visa be in the nonimmigrant visa case of Mr. Hugo New York, N.Y. granted. Now it's the Attorney General, Ed­ Blanco. DEAR BEN: Enclosed is the response I re­ ward Levi, who stands between the American The information which renders Mr. Blanco ceived from the State Department which, people and our right to hear Hugo Blanco. ineligible to re{l~ive a visa under Section 212 if accurate, would in my Judgement be · What ls needed now is a large meeting to (a) (28) of the Immigration and Nationality grounds for not allowing Hugo Blanco focus attention on the issue-that the Amer- Act is confidential. I regret therefore that the entry into the United States. Don't you . lean people have a "right to know" the full information you requested cannot be agree that if, in fact, he admitted responsi­ '5torY about "Latin America, a Continent divulged. bility for the murder of three policemen · without .Justice." Sincerely, . . and ii.dvocates the use o! violence that those We would like to propose that this meet­ ROBERT J. McCLos1mv, are grounds for rejection? tng take place the evening of Thursday, Assistant Secretary for Congressional .In your .orlginalletter to me your reference February 19 at Columbia University and that Relations. · to Secretary K;issinger was "has all the in· Mar-ch 1, 1976. · CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 4815

. stincts of a. · thug, coat.ed over with profes~ to look into this· situation, and I hope Mr. FORSYTHE. sional pomposity." My question fa how.would ·will reniove, effective as of today, any Mr. FINDLEY.· you now characterize Hugo Blanoo? If'I do unwarranted tax advantages in this kind Mr. VAN DEERLIN in two instances. Mr. MIKVA. Mr. Speaker, I am intro­ Mr.PATTEN. ducing legislation to deal with the situ­ SPECIAL ORDERS GRANTED Mrs. SPELLMAN. ation in which certain taxpayers, trad­ By unanimous consent, permission to Mr. MOFFETT in two instances. ing in stock options or commodities, are address the House, following the legisla­ Mr.RosE. enabled, in effect, to create tax benefits tive program and any special orders here­ Mr. McDONALD of Georgia in four in­ · for themselves by converting ordinary tofore entered, was granted to: stances. income into capital gains. This situation Mr. SIKES, for 30 minutes, tomorrow, Ms.ABzUG. results from a recent IRS ruling, pri­ Mr. CHARLES H. WILSON of California. vately issued, but widely publicized, to March 2, 1976. the effect that if a call option is the sub­ 100 shares of stock at $200 per share. Mr. ANNUNZIO, for 5 minutes, today. He then writes a call, for a premium of Mr. GONZALEZ, for 5 minutes, today. ADJOURNMENT $2,500. The call, which expires within a Mr. PHILLIP BURTON, for 10 minutes, today. Mr. WEAVER. Mr. Speaker, I move definite time period, allows the pur­ that the House do now adjourn. chaser to buy 100 shares of the stock at Ms. HOLTZMAN, for 10 minutes, today. Mr. DAVIS, for 15 minutes, today. The motion was agreed to; according­ $200 per share from the writer of the call ly Cat 1 o'clock and 32 minutes p.m.>, the before its expiration. Suppose the shares Mr. McFALL, for 5 minutes. today. House adjourned until tomorrow, Tues­ later go up to $250 per share. The tax­ Mr. BRADEMAS, for 5 minutes, today, day, March 2, 1976, at 12 o'clock noon. payer buys back the call for $5,000 in a Mr. HARRIS, for 5 minutes, today. closing transaction and is allowed an or­ Mr. VAN DEERLIN, for 5 minutes, today. dinary loss of $2,500. He also sells the Mr. MELCHER, for 5 minutes, today. EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, ETC. shares of stock and makes a capital gain Under clause 2 of rule XXIV, executive of $5,000. If he is in the 50-percent tax EXTENSION OF REMARKS communications were taken from the bracket, his ordinary loss saves him By unanimous consent, permission to Speaker's table and referred as follows: $1,250 in tax savings, which completely 2647. A letter from the Prestdent of the offsets the $1,250 tax on the $5,000 long­ revise and extend remarks was granted United States, transmitting a request for term capital gain. Thus, the taxpayer to: supplemental appropriations for fiscal year pays no net tax on a transaction in which Mr. BROOKS, and to include extraneous 1976 for the legislative branch (H. Doc. No. he has realized $2,500 of economic gain. matter. 94-387); to ·the Committee on Appropria­ The bill I am introducing deals with Mr. MELCHER, and to include extrane­ tions and ordered to be printed. the problem by providing that in the ous matter. 2648. A letter _from the President of the Mr.MADDEN. United States, transmitting budget amend­ case of any closing transaction, any gain ments for fiscal year 1976 and the transition or loss is to be treated as short-term

. ; : EXTENSIONS OF· .REMARKS JOHN J. PECORARO: A GU,EA1'. 1970-76: Director, Dept. of Legfsiation- patient confidence in the ultimate jus­ .UNION LEADER PAT. · . tice of the people." 1976: National Director-Concerned Sen­ iors for Better Government. Mr. Si>eaker, the greatest union-leader 1972: Appointed Labor Advisory Comm. on of them all, Sam\lei Gompers, spoke of HON. EDWARD J. PATTEN. Industrfal Safety-U.S. Dept. 9f Labor. "the necessity of wo1;kers tO protect and ' OF 'NEW .JERSEY 1974: Reappointed to Advisory Comm. defend t,h.emselves from encro~chment, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES , CIVIC ACTIVITIES injU.stice, and. wrong-to protect the workers in the inalienable rights to a Monday, March ~· 1976 · · 1948- 49: Member Board of Directors, Com­ munity Chest. higher and better life; to protect them, Mr. PATTEN. Mr. Speaker, last Fri· 1949-53: Charter member, and member, not only as equals before the law, put day, John J. Pecoraro, a great union Board of Directors, United Fund. also in their health, their homes, their leader, retired from the important post 1955-62: Member Board of Directors, Cere­ :firesides, their liberties as men, as work­ of director, department of legislation, bral Palsy, Middlesex County. ers, and as citizens. The attainment ·of 1958-62: Member Executive Committee, International Brotherhood of Painters March of Dimes, Middlesex County. these is the glorious mission of the trade and Allied Trades-PAT. 1959-62: Chairman of March of Dimes union," Gompers said in his speech in John served in that responsible posi .. Drive each year in South Brunswick. 1898. tion with real distinction, but that is no 1963: General Chairman of Cerebral Palsy Mr. Speaker, for the past 36 years John revelation, because he has distinguished Drive for Middlesex County. J. Pecoraro has been on that "glorious himself in ·everything he has done. 1957: Founder of the ColUmbine of Middle­ mission," and because of his superb His record. ·of action, leaderspil;>. and sex County, and President. to da,te, leadership, members of the.Painters and achievement is not only long, but ho.nor... 1957: Proclaimed "Man of the Year" bY Allied Trades have attained that "higher able and remarkable. Part of that amaz· the Columbine. · and better life-as workers, and as citi.. · ing-and inspiring-record f oilows in POLITICAL zens," envisioned by Samuel Gompers. chronological order: 1960: Elected Municipal Chairman of the John, who is a former constituent of. South Brunswick Democratic Party, and re­ RECORD . OP ACHIEVEMENTS elected in each successive year including mine, has helped convert that dream to EDUCATION 1963 . . reality. 1929: Graduated Peter Stuyvesant H1gl1 1960: Delegate to Democratic Nattonal I thank him for his magnificent lead· School. Convention, Los Angeles. er8hip and congratulate him on being 1950: Enrolled in Rutgers University Ex­ 1962: Appointed as Secretary to Assistant appointed to his new post: national di .. tension Division for courses in Economics Majority Leader, New Jersey State Assembly. rector of the · Concerned Seniors for and Public Speaking, and course in Labor 1963: Appointed Legislative Aide to Major­ Better Government. John Pecoraro will Relations. . ity Leader, New Jersey State Assembly. be 65 on November 13, 1976, and I hope 1952: Appointed by Dr. Lewis Webster 1963: Appointed Confidential Secretary to Jones, President of Rutgers University, as County Clerk of Middlesex County. he will live at least 65 more years, fo:r labor member of joint Management:"'Labor he has enriched the lives of so many School Committee in connection with Rut­ Mr. Speaker, for the past 36 years­ members and citizens with his rare and gers' participation in Marshall Plan. since 1940-John Pecoraro has dedicated talented mind, heart, and spirit. UNION EMPLOYMENT EXPERIENCE his life to helping people-especially 1939: First Union Membership. members of the Painters and Allied 1940-62: Delegate to National Conventions Trades. Except for his wife and five chil· TOLLESTON JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL of Brotherhood of Painters, 1940-1945, 1949, dren, me union is closest to that warn. INDIANA STATE CHAMPIONS 1953, 1958, 1962. heart of his-a heart full of compassion 1945-48: Secretary of Local Union 834. and love for people. His fine record shows 1945-63: Delegate to Building Trades Dept. this. HON. RAY J. MADDEN 1948-58: Delegate to Central Labor Body. Since 1970, he has provided dynamic OF INDIANA 1948-63: Business Manager of Local Union 834. leadership as director of the Interna· IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES 1949: Cited by City of New Brunswick tional Brotherhood's department of leg· Monday, March 1, 1976 when under my direction members of L.U. islation-from testifying before House 834 broke world's record by painting a home and Senate committees on bills, to speak· M1~. MADDEN. Mr. Speaker, the 263- in 2 minutes and 23 seconds. ing all over the country on legislation member band of the Tolleston Junior 1950-62: Chairman, Middlesex County with rare eloquence. I have heard thou· High School of Gary, Ind., was honored Council Negotiating Comm. at a banquet and mass meeting in the 1951-53: Secretary to State Conference sands of speakers during my public ca· city of Gary on the 3d of February, Board of Painters. reer, but John Pecoraro ranks in the top for having won the Indiana State cham­ 1954-63: Chairman and Administrator, 10 best. He speaks with strong convic· pionship of all high school bands in 1975. Welfare Fund L.U. 834. tion because he cares deeply about peo­ 1955: Elected to Executive Council of N.J. Mayor Richard Gordon Hatcher was State Federation of Labor, serving until 1962. ple-their needs, their problems, and the master of ceremonies and principal 1959-62: Chairman of Middlesex County their hopes. speaker at the banquet honoring the jun· Council of Painters. John Pecoraro has accomplished plenty ior high school organlzation. Dignitaries 1960-64: Chairman, Garden State Labor for his union members-and for his as well as band enthusiasts from all over Management Comm. country, yet knows that much more must the Calumet Region of northwest Indi· 1968--69: Administrator, Manpower De­ velopment and Training Act-PAT. be done before America can truly be ana and the student body of Tolleston 1969: National Co-ordinator Jobs Corps­ called a nation "with liberty and justice Junior High School were present for the PAT. for all." But, like Lincoln, John has "a occasion.