29502 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 12, 1973

Bethea, Herman R., xxx-xx-xxxx . Ritter, Joseph L., Jr., xxx-xx-xxxx . To be general Blair, George A., xxx-xx-xxxx . Robertson, Bruce M., xxx-xx-xxxx . Lt. Gen. Robert J. Dixon, xxx-xx-xxxx FR Bower, James N., xxx-xx-xxxx . Rubeor, Russell G., xxx-xx-xxxx . (major general, Regular Air Force) , U .S. Air Bradach, Bernard, xxx-xx-xxxx . Salem, Harold D., xxx-xx-xxxx . Force. Brog, David, xxx-xx-xxxx . Shelton, John L., xxx-xx-xxxx . UNITED NATIONS xxx-xx-xxxx Shirley, Millard G., xxx-xx-xxxx . Brookbank, David A., . The following-named persons to be repre- xxx-xx-xxxx Smiley, Ralph P., xxx-xx-xxxx . Canney, Paul J., . sentatives of the U nited States of America to xxx-xx-xxxx Smith, Thomas J., Jr., xxx-xx-xxxx . Christensen, Russell N., . the 28th session of the General Assembly of xxx-xx-xxxx Solkey, Arthur R., xxx-xx-xxxx . Cimini, Guido J., . the U nited Nations: xxx-xx-xxxx Taylor, Larry L., xxx-xx-xxxx . Cook, Margaret E., . John A. Scali, of the District of Columbia. xxx-xx-xxxx Teitelbaum, Robert D., xxx-xx-xxxx . Dixon, David L., Jr., . W . Tapley Bennett, Jr., of G eorgia. Thomas, Robert J., xxx-xx-xxxx . Dodd, William W., xxx-xx-xxxx . W illiam F. Buckley, Jr., of C onnecticut. Tinsley, Robert L., xxx-xx-xxxx . Dowell, James E., xxx-xx-xxxx . The following-named persons to be alter- Tracy, Robert P., xxx-xx-xxxx . Dunn, Earl J., Jr., xxx-xx-xxxx . nate representatives of the U nited States of Turner, Thomas H., xxx-xx-xxxx . Duval, Herbert J., Jr., xxx-xx-xxxx . A merica to the 28th session of the G eneral Walker, James A., xxx-xx-xxxx . Ferrell, Joseph B., xxx-xx-xxxx . Assembly of the U nited Nations: Waterman, Donald J., xxx-xx-xxxx . Friesen, Merle R., xxx-xx-xxxx . M argaret B. Y oung, of N ew Y ork. Williams, Arthur B., Jr., xxx-xx-xxxx . Gilchrist, James, Jr., xxx-xx-xxxx . M ark Evans, of the D istrict of Columbia. Young, Thomas C., xxx-xx-xxxx . Gleske, Elmer G., xxx-xx-xxxx . W illiam E. Schaufele, Jr., of O hio. Gooch, Edwin J., Jr., xxx-xx-xxxx . CHAPLAINS Clarence Clyde Ferguson, Jr., of New Jersey. Goschke, Richard R., xxx-xx-xxxx . Pearson, Roger H., xxx-xx-xxxx . Richard M . Scammon, of M aryland. Hageman, Dwight C., xxx-xx-xxxx . MEDICAL CORPS The following-named persons to be repre- Hancock, William R., xxx-xx-xxxx . sentatives of the U nited States of America to Sanders, James G., xxx-xx-xxxx . Hansen, William, xxx-xx-xxxx . the 28th session of the General Assembly of Heiser, Frank W., xxx-xx-xxxx . NURSE CORPS the U nited Nations: Hepp, James T., xxx-xx-xxxx . Brady, Eugene P., xxx-xx-xxxx . R o b ert N . C . N ix , U .S . R ep resentativ e Higgins, Carlos W., xxx-xx-xxxx . Howland, Richard J., xxx-xx-xxxx . from the State of Pennsylvania. Hills, Frank D., xxx-xx-xxxx . Larscheid, Jon L., xxx-xx-xxxx . Jo hn H . B u chanan, Jr., U .S . represent- Holway, Warren A., xxx-xx-xxxx . Morgan, Richard T., Jr., xxx-xx-xxxx . ative from the State of A labam a. Hummer, Walter L., xxx-xx-xxxx . Peterson, Roger M., xxx-xx-xxxx . Husak, Johnny R., xxx-xx-xxxx . Schnepper, Patricia A., xxx-xx-xxxx . Jefferson, William J., Jr., xxx-xx-xxxx . BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES CORPS Jenkins, James R., xxx-xx-xxxx . WITHDRAWAL Bottom, Bobby D., xxx-xx-xxxx . Johnson, Donald H., xxx-xx-xxxx . Executive nomination withdrawn from Johnson, Thurmond L., xxx-xx-xxxx . Taschner, John C., xxx-xx-xxxx . Jope, Howard E., Jr., xxx-xx-xxxx . The follow ing person for appointment in the Senate September 12, 1973: Kalmar, George E., xxx-xx-xxxx . the Reserve of the Air Force and U SAF (tem- JU STICE DEPARTMENT Keenan, Herbert A., xxx-xx-xxxx . po rary) (M edical C o rps) , in the g rade o f David J. Cannon, of W isconsin,to be U .S. Keeny, James S., xxx-xx-xxxx . colonel, under the provisions of sections 593, attorney for the eastern district of Wisconsin Kite, John T., xxx-xx-xxxx . 8444, and 8447, title 10, U nited States Code for the term of 4 years, w hich w as sent to Kop, Dietrich R., xxx-xx-xxxx . and Public Law 92-129, with a view to desig- the Senate on August 9,1973. Koopman, Howard W., xxx-xx-xxxx . nation as a m edical officer under the pro- Land, Clarence J., . xxx-xx-xxxx visions of section 8067, title 10, U nited States Larson, John H., . xxx-xx-xxxx Code : Lawrence, Rogers W., xxx-xx-xxxx . CONFIRMATION MEDICAL CORPS Leeman, David E., xxx-xx-xxxx . To be colonel Executive nomination confirmed by the Livingstone, John D., xxx-xx-xxxx . Senate September 12, 1973: Lockhart, Floyd R., xxx-xx-xxxx . Masters, O rlan V. W., xxx-xx-xxxx . Lord, John F., Jr., xxx-xx-xxxx . IN THE AIR FORCE OFFICE OF ECONOMIC OPPORTU NITY Madden, Thomas A. L., Jr., xxx-xx-xxxx . A lv in J. A rnett, o f M aryland, to be D i- The following officer under the provisions Manly, Donald L., xxx-xx-xxxx . rector of the O ffice of Economic O pportunity. of title 10, U nited States Code, section 8066, Markalonis, Vincent J., xxx-xx-xxxx . (The above nomination was approved sub- Moroney William P., xxx-xx-xxxx . to be assigned to a position of importance ject to th e n o m in ee's co m m itm en t to re- Morrison, William J., xxx-xx-xxxx . and responsibility designated by the Presi- spond to requests to appear and testify be- Morton, Norman E., xxx-xx-xxxx . dent under subsection (a) of section 8066, fore any duly constituted committee of the Pascuzzi, Eugene D., xxx-xx-xxxx . in grade as follows: Senate.)

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

PRESERVATION OF THE STRIPED mission to have its Oak Ridge National for Connecticut anglers. The fishermen fear BASS Laboratory, which has a model of the that the Storm K ing plant, w hich w ill take site in question, to thoroughly review the in nine million gallons of Hudson River wa- HON. ABRAHAM A. RIBICOFF issues involved. ter a m inute, w ill also suck in and destroy I ask unanimous consent that my let- v ast n u m b ers o f eg g s, larv ae an d y o u n g OF CONNECTICU T striped bass and thus cause the fishing in ter of September 10, 1973, to Dr. Dixie Long Island Sound to decline drastically. IN THE SENATE O F THE U NITED STATES Lee Ray, the Chairman of the AEC, be T he S to rm K ing plant, w hich has b een Wednesday, September 12, 1973 be printed in the Extensions of Remarks. licensed by the Federal Power Commission There being no objection, the letter has been the subject of litigation for nearly Mr. RIBICO FF. Mr. President, for was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, ten years. Still, the effect of the plant on the years sportsmen from Connecticut and as follows: fishes o f the H udso n, particularly striped throughout the entire Northeast have SEPTEMBER 10,1973. bass, remains in dispute. Consolidated Edi- enjoyed fishing for striped bass in Long Dr. DIXIE LEE RAY, son maintains that a study show s the Storm Island Sound. Now there is a serious pos- Chairm an, U.S . Atom ic Energy Com m ission, King plant would remove only an insignifi- sibility that New York's Consolidated Washington, D.C. cant three per cent of the yearly striped bass Edison Storm King powerplant on the DEAR DR. RAY : I am writing to request the hatch. In rebuttal, fishermen state this claim assistance of the O ak Ridge National Labora- is based on incorrect mathematics because H u d s o n R iv e r m a y d e s tro y th e S o u n d 's the equ atio n u sed in the stu dy to p redict striped bass. tory in getting answ ers to questions that a number of Connecticut striped bass fisher- m ortalities did not include the tides in the Many of the striped bass are hatched Hudson. The fishermen also state that den- in th e H u d s o n R iv e r . F is h e r m e n f e a r men have asked me about. T he questio ns co ncern the S to rm K ing s.ty-induced currents w ere not treated fu lly th a t th e S to rm K in g p la n t, w h ic h w ill in the study. take in 9 million gallons of Hudson River pum ped storage hydroelectric pow er plant that Consolidated Edison proposed to con- The fishermen's assertions would appear to water a minute will also suck in and de- struct on the Hudson River at Cornwall, New have some substance, inasmuch as W. Mason stroy th e b u lk o f th e riv er's strip ed b ass Y o rk . M a n y o f th e s trip e d b a s s th a t a re Lawrence of the New York State Department eggs, larvae, and new born fish. h atch ed in th e H u dso n sp en d th eir adu lt of Environmental Conservation has admitted Because it is such a complex problem, lives in Long Island Sound where they pro- by letter, that "the river w as treated as if it I have asked the Atomic Energy Corn- vide outstanding and valuable sports fishing flowed in one direction only" and thus "tidal September 12, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29503 recycling of eggs and larvae past the intake The county jail, a log cabin, was built able project which has been undertaken was not included in the calculations of the in 1825 for $185 and in 1824-25, pub­ by a young lady in my State, Miss Diane potential effect of the plant." Concerned fish­ lic roads were cut from Brownsville to Strawbridge, of Durham, N.C. ermen point out that the Hudson River re­ neighboring county neats. This splendid young lady has been an verses flow with each tide, four times in a inspiration to me for the past couple of day and, as a result, striped bass eggs and Cotton made its appearance in Hay­ larvae :floating past the plant intake would wood County in 1828, and also in that years. I well recall the first time she con­ be subjected to removal not once but ten to year the first cotton gin-Bradford's­ tacted me about a project she had in twelve times. The kill then would not be an was operated. In 1829, there was a horse­ mind. I tried to lend her a hand then, insignificant three per cent but a most sig­ propelled grist mill, in 1874, a cotton mill and since that time she has devoted an nificant 35 per cent, possibly more, depend­ and in 1825 the first school was estab­ incredible amount of time and energy ing upon the volume of freshwater entering lished. to it. the Hudson during spring spawning. The first newspaper, The Bee, was pub­ Jimmy Dumbell, a columnist for the Because of these different opinions, I wish lished in May 1868, and became the Charlotte, N.C., Observer, wrote a fine to submit the question of just what effect the Storm King plant would have on striped bass States in 1870. article abot:t Diane for the September 5 to the Qak Ridge National Laboratory. The Some of the early educational institu­ edition of his paper. I ask unanimous aquatic biology section, led by Dr. Charles tions founded in Haywood County were: corn:ent that this column be printed in Ooutant in the Environmental Sciences Divi­ Union Academy, Brownsville Male Acad­ the Extensions of Remarks, so that my sion, enjoys the finest reputation and the emy, Brownsville Female Institute, Dan­ colleagues in the Senate may be in­ laboratory has, most importantly, a biologi­ cyville Female Institute, Baptist Fe­ formed about Diane Strawbridge and her cal model of the Hudson used in the Indian male College, Brownsville Seminary, project. Point Number Two operating license hearing Cageville Male and Female Academy, and There being no objection, the article recently concluding by the Atomic Energy was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, Commission. WesleyanFemale College. The academies Specially, I pose the following questions were replaced by public high schools as as follows: to the Oak Ridge National Laboratory: exemplified by transfer of title of trustees DIANE STRAWBRIDGE CONTINUES HER 1. What percentage of the striped bass of the "Old Male Academy" to the CAMPAIGN AGAINST CRIME hatch in the Hudson will be removed or de­ Brownsville Board of Public School Di­ Diane Strawbridge is single, pretty, 20, a stroyed by operation of the Storm King rectors in 1897. Progress came rapidly sophomore at N.C. State University in Raleigh plant? to Haywood County primarily due to and hardly the type you would figure- to carry 2. Is the percentage significant or in­ this section's agricultural foundation. on a fervent campaign against crime. But significant? No war was connected with the settle­ she is. · 3. What effect will this removal or destruc­ She estimates that in the past year she has tion have on striped bass fishing in Long ment of this county. The country was spoken to more than 15,000 people, including Island Sound? peaceful and settlements sprang up rap­ some professionals in the crime-fighting bus­ 4. In the event operation of the Storm idly everywhere. iness. She has received some 5,000 letters and King plant would have a significant impact, Thomas Bond, who came to Haywood petitions from residents of 35 states, letters can hatcheries be used to sustain striped bass County in 1826, is best remembered for that she has solicited, asking and demanding fishing in Long Island Sound? the beautiful houses that he caused to that existing laws be enforced and that new Best wishes, be built, two of which still remain on and stricter legislation be ena,cted. Sincerely, West Main Street in Brownsville. Her goal is 50,000 letters. When she gets ABE RmICOFF. them, she says, she Will take them to Wash­ The western district was settled by men ington "and then we'll get something done." already attached to some church orga­ "I started this last fall. I'm not a woman's nization. Baptist and Methodist influ­ libber or anything. I just want to make the HAYWOOD COUNTY, TENN., ences predominated. The Methodist an­ world safe for my family and children. If SESQUICENTENNIAL nual conference of 1821 established two I waited for something to happen to make regular circuits in west Tennessee and me do all this it might be too late. In "The point of all this is to combat crime. the Baptist followed in 1882. 1827 We want to strengthen the court system. HON. ED JONES Thomas H. Taylor deeded to the elders There's corruption in some courts and police OF TENNESSEE of the Presbyterian Church certain departments. We need stricter punishment, church and academy grounds. Zion Epis­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES too, and more uniformity in sentences. To copal Church was organized in 1832. St. get the death penalty back would be a de­ Wednesday, September 12, 1973 Andrews Mission Episcopal was estab­ terrent, and 99 per cent of those I've heard lished in 1841 at St. Gregory's chapel in from agree on this." Mr. JONES of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, She feels prisoners need better rehabilita­ 1t is my pleasure to announce the ses­ Brownsville and later on held meetings in tion, "but we can't let prisoners out until quicentennial celebration of Haywood the county court house. they have been rehabilitated. Okay, like if County, Tenn., which begins September Firms established in Brownsville prior you have stricter punishment and better re­ 13, and continues through September 17. to 1870 were Emil Tamm, Raglands and habilitation and enforce the laws we've al­ The section of Tennessee in which Felsenthal's, still in operation today. ready got, then the crime rate is bound to Haywood County is located was first Although Haywood County's prosperity come down. founded by Henry Rutherford in 1785. through its first 50 years of history was "Like I say, I need as many letters and dependent t:pon agriculture, now modem petitions as I can get. I've been working real Mr. Rutherford descended, with his closely with several senators and congress­ party, the Cumberland, Ohio, and Mis­ factories manufacture plastics; including men on this and Sen. Jesse Helms, particu­ sissippi Rivers to a small stream the toys, f?;loves, television parts and heating larly. Indians called Okeena and which this and air conditioning equipment. "And they tell me that they need some surveying party named Forked Deer. The The citizens of HayWood County are evidence of the people's desire to fight crime surveyors report of this fertile region. proud of their progressive and rapidly before they can do anything and that if well-adapted to cotton, caused many to growing communities, and I am proud I'll bring them 50,000 letters and petitions, predict the great migration to it which to represent such a county in the U.S. that will indicate enough public pressure to House of Representatives. get some of the crime-fight ing laws passed." followed in 1819. By an act of the Ten­ Miss Strawbridge, who in junior high nessee Assembly in 1823, Brownsville school was named "Outstanding Teen-ager was designated the county seat and the of America,'' began her campaign with one town was incorporated in 1826. Browns­ letter to the editor of her hometown paper ville was named for Gen. Jacob Jen­ DIANE STRAWBRIDGE-A YOUNG in Durham. In it she called for the changes nings Brown of Pennsylvania who was LADY WITH A NOBLE PURPOSE she still asks. distinguished in the War of 1812. "My phone rang all day long with people Colonel Richard Nixon came from HON. JESSE A. HELMS agreeing with me. I got a letter from Jesse Jackson through the cane brakes to his Helms and one from President Nixon. I don't OF NORTH CAROLINA know how he found out a.bout my letter. All land grant and settled 4 miles east of IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES Brownsville on Nixon Creek. It was at these people said they felt I was right and Wednesday, September 12, 1973 they would work and help in any way they Nixon's home that the first courts were could." held until March 8, 1824, at which time Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, I call my School has not interfered with her cam­ the first courthouse was erected of logs. fellow Senators' attention to a remark- paign, nor will it interfere in the coming 29504 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS - September 12, 1973 months. She has spoken to church groups, controls. Surely we are not seeking any ac­ or the threat of violence to achieve their civic clubs, book clubs, high school assem­ tion which will raise the price of anything, blies, Boy Scout and Girl Scout troops, the but regulations must apply equally, and if objectives. graduation exercises of the South carolina that is where the problem lies, the council · This retreat from the rule of law rep­ Police Academy in Columbia and the South· must see to it that our residents are not resents a clear failure on the part of ern Police Institute Alumni Retraining Con­ frozen out of their homes this winter. public officials in the State of Ohio to ference at Myrtle Beach in the past few fulfill their responsibility of enforcing months. the laws enacted by the Ohio General Letters in support of her campaign can Assembly. be addressed to P .O. Box 32 in Durham. She still needs 45,000 of them. THE BOMB AT THE BRITISH EM­ This surrender to those who seek to BASSY: MORE VIOLENCE deny members of the public access to a public facility, this surrender to those who seek to threaten the safety and wel­ HON. WILLIAM J. KEATING fare of the people of Ohio can only en­ TAKING ADVANTAGE OF THE OF OHIO CONSUMER courage further violence and further dis­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES respect for the law. Wednesday, September 12, 1973 The law is either being enforced or it HON. NORMAN F. LENT Mr. KEATING. Mr. Speaker, the re­ is not being enforced. It is time for public OF NEW YORK cent explosion of a letter bomb at the officials everywhere to take a clear and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES British Embassy in Washington provides firm stand on this matter: That no mat­ ter who breaks the law, and no matter Wednesday, September 12, 1973 yet another example of the continued reliance of many persons on the use of how just or unjust the objectives sought, Mr. LENT. Mr. Speaker, it is not neces­ violence to achieve their objectives. the law will be enforced with vigor and sary to dwell upon the fact that the rapid Like other acts of indiscriminate ter­ fairness in all circumstances. increase in the cost of living is the most rorism the letter bomb sent to the Bri­ When participants in violence are con­ serious domestic problem we face in t1:U5 tish e~bassy resulted in the serious in­ vinced in advance that they will be held country today. While I do sympathize jury to an innocent person. Like other accountable for their crimes, no matter with all sectors of the economy, I can­ acts of violence which are committeed how righteous their cause, they will be not help but feel that the consumer is in the name of some "just" cause, the less likely to destroy property, detain and the most frustrated and adversely af­ letter bomb produced no tangible re­ injure people, and otherwise demonstrate fected of all. The Honorable John s. sults except to further undermine the contempt for law and society. Davanzo, councilman from the Town ?f rule of law in the United States and else­ The efforts of public officials in Ohio, North Hempstead, N.Y., has been m where around the world. and elsewhere in the United States, Washington this week to meet with rep­ It would be a small comfort if this re­ should be directed at insuring that Amer­ resentatives of the C-Ost of Living Coun­ cent use of violence could be looked upon ican justice is carried out and that th~ cil to discuss the plight of the consumer, as a rare ~,nd unusual occw-rence. Un­ grievances of different groups be met at and particularly the Long Island con­ fortunately, such is not the case. civilized levels of human behavior. sumer. His remarks on the high cost of The seige at the Bureau of Indian Af­ living, and especially the potential hE:at­ fairs in Washington almost 1 year ago, ing oil price increase, are worth notmg, the seige at Wounded Knee earlier this and I wish to include them in the RECORD CONGRESSMAN HUNT'S year the attempt by dissidents to close QUESTIONNAIRE at this point: dow::i the Federal Government in May of STATEMENT OF COUNCILMAN JOHNS. DAVANZO 1971-all of these incidents are based The time has come, and indeed is long upon the premise that violence is a legiti­ HON. JOHN E. HUNT past for the voices of our consumers to be mate tool to be used in achieving certain heard. We in town government have said objectives. OF NEW JERSEY time and again that the almost skyrocketing IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the cost of food and now many other No society can remain free and demo­ items is unconscionable. For years, the cratic unless there is a strong deter­ Wednesday, September 12, 1973 American housewife has had to contend with mination to obey the laws of that society, Mr. HUNT. Mr. Speaker, each year rising prices, but never in recent memory and unless there is a strong determina­ since I first came to Congress I have has the suffering been so unequal or so tion to punish those who choose not to great. We vigorously protest this uncon­ submitted an annual questionnaire so obey those laws. that I might learn the views of my con­ trolled spiral and must demand some affirm­ The failure to adequately prosecute ative action from your body. stituents. This year I mailed out 144,000 We, in local government, have always tried perpetrators of crime and violence, how­ questionnaires and have, to date, re­ to help all the people in our communities ever is not just confined to the well­ ceived 19,800 responses. The following is solve the problems which afflict them. This kno~n acts of terrorism and violence a tabulation of the responses by per­ is not a partisan concern .•. it is a concern such as occurred at the British Embassy. centage from the respondents: for the health and welfare of all our resi­ A similar neglect of responsibility to dents. It is indeed unfortunate that we must enforce the rule of law can be seen HUNT CONGRESSIONAL QUESTIONNAIBE, 1973 use this final forum to express the mounting through recent acts of violence in our 1. Should the United States contribute to frustration of our resident s trying to live own State of Ohio. the post-war reconstruction of North Viet­ within their incomes. The people in our com­ nam? Yes, 10 % ; no, 83 % ; and undecided munities must feed and cloth e their families, Last May, employees of the Burr Oak 7 % . and these abrupt spurts in t he cost of liv­ State Lodge in Morgan County went on 2. Should amnesty be granted deserters or ing are far outpacing t h e abilit y of our strike in support of a move to achieve an draft evaders? Yes, 17% ; no, 77 % ; and un­ wage-earners to keep up. objective: Union recognition. decided, 6 % . The inescapable conclusion is that these Yet the strike dragged on for more 3. Do you favor further economic and cul­ increases in the cost of living are no longer than 4 months, and the tactics employed tural trade with China and Russia? Yes, simply a manifestation of t he rising cost of became increasingly violent each week. 78 % ; no, 14% ; undecided, 8 % . doing business. The American people are 4. Should the death penalty be restored being taken advantage of, and gentlemen, When telephoned bomb threats forced nationally for such crimes as premeditated you are the ones who can stop it. I appeal the evacuation of the lodge on three con­ murder, treason or hijacking? Yes, 88 % ; no, to you to do so . . . and do so quickly. secutive nights in late July, the situation 7 % ; undecided, 5 % . As if these steep rises in the cost of food had deteriorated to the point where the 5. Should a news reporter have the right weren't enough, we on Long Island now find county sheriff proclaimed he was no to refuse to reveal the name of the source t h at t his winter will be cold indeed, prin­ longer able to guarantee the safety of the of a news story? Yes, 59 % ; no, 30% ; unde­ cipally through the action of major oil com­ citizens who wanted to use this public cided, 11% . panies, which have sharply reduced the s~p­ facility. 6. Do you support the Administration's ply of home heating oil alloted to both in­ efforts to lower Federal spending through dustrial and residential users. The only way The subsequent decision to close down freezing of funds appropriated by Congress? t o avoid t his situation is through prompt and the Burr Oak State lodge provided a Yes, 51 % ; no, 32% ; undecided, 17% , effective action. We must appeal to you to clear message to the citizens of Ohio: 7. would you favor a Federal law impos· look closely at this situation. We have been Those persons who are involved in a dis­ ing ten year mandatory sentences without told that this is the direct result of economic pute will be encouraged to use violence parole for first offense drug pushers and life September 12, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29505 sentences for second convictions? Yes, 84%; THE AGNEW ·LEAKS Doesn't the "people's right to know" entitle no, 10% ; and undecided, 6 %. them to know where this disputed data came 8. Which Congressional course of action on from so they can reasonably judge the pur­ abortion do you favor? (a) do nothing at all HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL poses involved? Don't we need to know if it and let Supreme Court decision permitting OF U.LINOIS was an "outrageous" attempt to prevent the abortion stand? Yes, 42 % ; (b) enact amend­ system of injustice itself? If it was, it is an IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ment to let each State decide abortion ques­ example of political corruption? Just like tion? Yes, 47 %; and undecided for (a) (b), Wednesday, September 12, 1973 all those other shady, hidden activities we've 11 %. been discussing all these months? 9. Should strikers qualify for food stamps? Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, an editorial Haven't some of us in the press, indeed, Yes, 28%; no, 65 %; undecided, 7. entitled, "The Agne-w 'Leaks'" appear­ painted ourselves into a corner and aren't ing in the Monday, August 27, 1973, edi­ we in the process of making ourselves look tion of the Peoria Journal Star speaks for asinine? Invoking the "people's right to itself. I would have no comment to make know" in order to frustrate and deny the "people's right to know?" SLAUGHTER OF HARP SEALS other than to respect!ully suggest to our Doesn't this double standard make us look friends in the media that a copy of this silly, egocentric, unreasonable, unfair and editorial be posted in a convenient loca­ abusive regarding others--and yet secretive, HON. JEROME R. WALDIE tion so that all of those engaged in re­ sneaky, manipulative, and with it all self­ OF CALIFORNIA porting on tha activities of the Congress righteous in our own operations? IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES and the executive branch can read it and In the midst of all our saintly demands ponder its message. I include the text of about the Garden-of-Eden atmosphere in Wednesday, September 12, 1973 which politics ought to be practiced, aren't the editorial to be placed in the REC­ we stumbling badly over our own sacred Mr. WALDIE. Mr. Speaker, the cruel ORD at this point: principle of the "right to know?" where we and senseless slaughter of baby harp THE AGNEW "LEAKS" are involved? seals by Norwegian and Canadian com­ (By C. L. Dancey) panies is still continuing in the St. Law­ We of the press have painted ourselves into rence River and off the coast of Canada. a corner and are now in danger of looking The yearly hunts which these companies completely asinine. "MURDER BY HANDGUN: THE CASE undertake--last year's "harvest" The Agnew "Leak" uproar bas reached FOR GUN CONTROL"-NO. 18 amounted to 300,000 seals-serve no the limits of absurdity when we get to print­ other purpose than to provide those who ing speculations by other anonymous sources have the expensive tastes for luxury about who the original anonymous sources HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON might have been! OF MASSACHUSETT,S products of seal fur and leather at an Now we are printing "leaks" about previous incredibly painful cost to the harp and "leaks" and who leaked them! How reliable IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES hooded seal populations. The United is that technique, .friends? Are the people Wednesday, September 12, 1973 States is a large market for these fur who spied-and-spilled also going to stool­ industries and our silence is nothing less pigeon on themselves? Are the newsmen who Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, on than an inhumane condemnation of got the original secret information now going September 9, an employee of a 7-11 store these unprotected animals. to seek other "leaks" to expose the first one? was shot and killed by two gunmen who The -legislation which I am introduc­ Don't the New York Times, the Associated began shooting as soon as they entered ing today prohibiting the importation of Press and others concerned already know the store. Their victims were given no where they got the stories? warning. They were not threatened and any product derived from the harp or Of course they do. hooded seal is an appeal to the moral Hence, in the whole fouled up mess some given a chance to "turn over the money." and ethical sense of the people of the of the press seems intent on putting itself They were immediately attacked by the United States. in the most rediculous position of all. swiftest killer-the handgun. George The continued destruction of fur-bear­ Now the key news question and the key Stevens was shot at least twice in the ing mammals is only one indication of news sought in the whole Agnew affair is chest, and James Ivison was shot in the clearly: Who is responsible for those original elbow. Ivison was able to press an alarm the environmental and ecological crises leaks? which we are approaching. I feel that button on the floor that summoned the That ls the news story that needs publish­ police. They were not in time. the unbelievably cruel killing method ing-the big story. used on the harp seal paints an even That ls what the "people's right to know" Gun control is not a law to infringe more atrocious picture of this senseless focuses on as something they have a "right on homeowners' safety and sportsmen's destruction and makes even more im­ to know" at this moment. pleasure. It is legislation that would save perative the need to put an immediate It ls rather like the "tapes" in the Water­ thousands of lives every year-lives like gate matter. In the Agnew affair, instead of George Stevens. end to this practice. Therefore, I am the "tapes" which might give clear answers, introducing this bill to bring this situa­ I would like at this time to include it is the identity of the secret informant that the September 10 Washington Post ar­ tion to the attention of my colleagues might make key things clear. in the hope they will be made more aware And this is not being withheld by Agnew, ticle. of it toward the objective that it be of course, or under any executive privilege. ONE KILLED, Two WOUNDED IN SHOOTING AT passed into law to protect these endan­ It is being withheld by the New York Times, STORE gered animals. The Associated Press and others. They invoke (By Martin Weil and E. J . Bachinski) "confidentiality of sources." An employee of a Seven-11 store in Prince The bill follows: The basis for that claim is . not national H.R. 10221 George's County was shot and killed last security but for the newspaper's own security night during an apparent holdup attempt in A bill to prohibit the importation of articles as a. requirement of "freedom of the press." which the store manager and a customer wer& of harp seal and hooded seal Some maintain that such modes of opera­ also shot, county police reported. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of tion as assist the press are essential in serv­ Police said that two men armed with hand~ .Representatives of the United States of ing "freedom" and the "people's right to guns walked into the food store at 6011 Arbor America in Congress assembled, That the know." St. in Cheverly about 9 :45 p.m. and began general headnotes of the Tariff Schedules of Hence that rationale proves to be a bit shooting almost at once. the United States (19 U.S.C. 1202) are more complicated in its justification than The employee who was killed was shot at amended by adding at the end thereof the "separation of powers," which is bad enough. least twice in the chest as he stood near the following new headnote: Can we expect courts and public to refuse rear of the store, police reported. He was "13. The entry, or withdrawal from ware­ to accept the "separation of powers" concept identified as George H. Stevens of 6335 Land­ house, for consumption of any article cov­ as a basis for the confidentiality of presi­ over Rd., Hyattsville. ered by these schedules which ls in whole or dential records--and yet willingly accept The store manager, identified as James A. part of harp seal (Pagophilus Groenlandi­ "freedom of the press" as providing a basis Ivlson, was admitted last night to Prince cus) or hooded seal ( Cystophora Cristata) , for confidentiality of news sources? George's General Hospital for treatment of a whether or not such article ls in chief value Look where it puts us! Those who did leak gunshot wound in the elbow. of harp seal or hooded seal, is prohibited." the investigation secrets about the Agnew The customer, identified as Raymond D. SEc. 2. The amendment ma.de by the first matter must hide behind the "people's right Evinger, 29, of 2402 Lake Ave., Cheverly, was section of this Act shall take effect on the to know" as the reason they don't tell the also admitted to the hospital with gunshot thirtieth day after the date of the enactment people what the people most want to know founds in the right arm and side. His con­ of this Act. right now-who was responsible! dition was termed fair. 29506 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Septembe1~ 12, 1973 Evinger wa,g shot near a soft drink cooler. ing on the problem" as far as a defense beginning of my remarks I referred to Ivison, the manager, was hit behind a against this type of weaponry is con­ counter. After being shot, Ivison fell to the an article which appeared in the August floor and pressed an alarm button that cerned, but an effective solution has not issue of the Air Force magazine. It re­ brought police to the scene. been reached. lates to the effectiveness of the A-7D They arrived to find the counter spattered In the meantime, the A-7D delivers its and the weapon delivery system, as well with blood and the drawer of a cash register weapons from a higher altitude at a as the enthusiasm of those who have standing open. greater speed with greater accuracy, and been flying the airplane in combat. But it was not immediately known, police is thus able to operate in the face of the Under leave to extend my remarks, I said, whether any money was taken. enemy shoulder-held weaponry, as well Nor did police offer any explanation a,g to include the article. It follows: why the gunmen began firing as they entered as better than other tactical aircraft in How THE A-7D REWROTE THE BOOK IN SEA the store. the projected future inventory. I believe (By John L. Frisbee) Residents of the a.rea around the store, our experience in Vietnam confirms this "When our flight or three A-7s got to the near an exit ramp from Rte. 50, said that Just fact. target area in Laos, three F-4s were working after the shots were fired, they saw two men Some of the fighters that we are buy­ it with laser-guided bombs. They were going run from the store and go behind some ing at this point for air-to-air purposes after a bridge and had damaged it extensively houses. depend on their close turn ratio com­ before their fuel ran low and they had to Soon afterwards, they said, they saw a late pared to that of enemy airplanes to pro­ leave. model green Ford leave the area at high vide disengagement and the ability to "Then the FAC put us on the bridge. One speed. of our pilots was a first lieutenant on his There are more than 200 Seven-11 stores in get home when opposed. The A-7D has second mission in SEA-the second time he the Washington a.rea. Generally they remain the same or better turn ratios and thus had ever dropped bombs in combat. We open later than many other neighborhood possesses disengagment capability equal destroyed that bridge with three bombs. stores and some have become the targets o! to fighters which are actually purchased "Next, the FAC gave us a bypass bridge robbery. for use as air-to-air weapons rather than about 100 meters down the river. We dropped air-to-ground weaponry. Again, we do it with two bombs and went over to a ferry not need to speculate about this; the rec­ crossing on another river. With three bombs, HOW THE A-7D REWROTE THE ord of performance under combat con­ we destroyed the ferry cable, the dock, and BOOK IN SOUTHEAST ASIA the ferry. ditions confirms it. "'Okay,' the FAC said 'I've got only one NATIONAL GUARD AND RESERVE EQUIPMENT MUST more bridge.' We went down to that bridge HON. 0. C. FISHER BE COMPARABLE TO THAT OF REGULAR FORCES and destroyed it with three bombs. Fan­ OF TEXAS Mr. Speaker, Subcommittee No. 2 of tastic!" The A-7D mission that Capt. Buddy Size­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the House Armed Services Committee has program in the Air Force for equipping more-a pilot of the 354th Tac Fighter Wing Wednesday, September 12, 1973 out of Myrtle Beach AFB, S.C.-described shown deep concern over the lack of a may not have been exactly typical, but it Mr. FISHER. Mr. Speaker. I am much the Air National Guard and the Air wasn't all that untypical of the wing's ex­ impressed by an article which I read in Force Reserves with reasonably effective perience in Southeast Asia, either. And Cap­ the August issue of the Air Force Asso­ airplanes. As chairman of that subcom­ tain Sizemore's "Fantastic!" is the Judg­ ciation magazine, entitled "How the mittee I have repeatedly referred to the ment of a pilot who had been there before. A-7D Rewrote the Book in Southeast Secretary's pronouncement on that sub­ Earlier in the war, he flew a tour in F-4s, Asia." It covers the A-7D combat rec­ ject. It will be recalled that Mr. Laird, based at Phu Cat. ord in Southeast Asia during the last 10 while Secretary of Defense, announced HIGH ACCURACY, LOW LOSSES weeks of the Vietnam war. a program which all of us considered to If you didn't know that USAF had an A-7D In terms of accuracy, survivability and be very commendable. wing in SEA during the closing months of the Vietnam War. you're forgiven. Despite the reliability, the A-7D and the A-7E there This was the so-called Total Force Con­ remark.able record of the 354th TFW and its demonstrated in close to 50,000 combat cept. Under this concept, all of the forces A-7D "Little Hummer," they got scant notice sorties that the system operates most ef­ including the Reserve components are to in the press. But they were there, all right. fectively. The enthusiasm of the pilots be considered as a part of the total force The wing, then commanded by Col. Thomas who flew those missions, expressed in the to be available to meet any potential M. Knoles, arrived at Korat Royal Tha AFB article, is understandable. They should enemy. It follows that in order for this in mid-October 1972. Its seventy-two birds be the best judges of the equipment. In concept to be effective the Reserve com­ flew some 4,000 sorties between October 16 and the end of December, when the Line­ this instance the A-7D's weapons sys­ ponents must be equipped with effective backer n bombing campaign ended U.S. par­ tems represents the very best in engineer­ weapons systems as well as be manned ticipation in the Vietnam War. A squadron ing achievement and adds up to the best and trained up to the levels of the active o! the 354th is still there, along with one tactical air-ground weapons delivery establishment. squadron from the 355th TFW, Davis­ system for medium ranges within the Am NATIONAL GUARD IS UNDEREQUXPPED Monthan AFB, Ariz., both under Col. Wil­ free world. liam D. Curry, now the 354th Wing In spite of the significant overall re­ Commander. Moreover, we must also remember that duction in defense dollars while simul­ Although neither Guinness nor anybody the A-7D is a ground attack aircraft and taneously increasing the effectiveness of else keeps record books on tactical fighter was never intended to be a fighter. Its the total force, the Air Force has not yet wing achievements, the 354th TFW must capability is concentrated on the air­ elected to do this in the tactical area; have set a lot of new marks. Its deployment ground delivery of weapons. By so doing, the Air National Guard is still equipped from Myrtle Beach to Korat set the tone for the airplane can be produced at mini­ with F-100 airplanes which are not only the entire operation. Col. John Rhemann­ mum cost and maximum effectiveness. marginally effective in the air-ground then Wing Deputy for Operations and now Some detractors have claimed the A-7D Wing Commander Rear, back from SEA and role, but are on their last legs as far as running the show at Myrtle Beach-said, is limited in utilization to the so-called even peacetime operation is concerned. "This was one of the few times in Air Force "permissive" environment, but it has In other words, great savings could be history that a. wing of fighter aircraft de­ been demonstrated that this is simply effected in these days of high personnel parted the US and arrived at its overseas not ti·ue. costs by manning and properly equip­ destination with all aircraft on schedule." EFFECTIVE DEFENSE AGAINST GROUND ping the Reserve components. It would During its ten weeks of combat in 1972, WEAPONS the wing-operating at a 0.87 frag rate for seem that the A-7D, which has the very its seventy-two aircraft, which comes out to This airplane depends on speed and latest in air-to-ground delivery systems, sixty-two sorties a. day-dropped nearly method of weapons delivery for its de­ would be a very effective and economical 25,000 bombs, most of them Mark 82 500- fense against ground weapons. The abor­ way to bring the Air National Guard an~ pounders. According to FACs and other in­ tive invasion of South Vietnam into the Air Force Reserve up to their proper terested observers of bombing accuracy, they Laos to cut the Ho Chi Minh Trail failed combat effectiveness. probably had an average miss distance of because of, among other things, the ef­ Mr. Speaker, I emphasize that we do a.bout ten meters. Capt. Harry G. Rodman is a. FAC who fectiveness of enemy shoulder-held mis­ not need to speculate about the capabil­ worked the 354th A-7s, mostly against inter­ siles against helicopters and slow flying ity and the performance of the A-7D. It diction targets. He's now stationed at Hurl­ airplanes when operating at low alti­ has proven its worth time after time un­ burt Field, Fla.., with the 549th Tactical Air tudes. Of course the Air Force is "work- der extreme combat conditions. At the Support Training Squadron. Captain Rod- September 12, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29507 man says that the A-7D "was tremendously lease altitude, which have always demanded in southern South Vietnam, diverted to one accurate. You could depend on the weapon so much of a pilot's attention, kept his head in north Laos, and was still able to give the system to put an iron bomb exactly where in the cockpit, and made him a predictable FAC twenty to thirty minutes in the target you wanted it-an unguided system that target for enemy gunners. area without refueling. Some Linebacker II could be used with confidence against point STAY HIGH, STAY SAFE missions were flown without tanker support; targets. When all its systems were operating, on others, external tanks were left off in Except in cases where they had to go low order to increase the A-7's bomb load, and it was nearly as accurate as guided bombs." in order to identify a target, the 354th pilots Against all kinds of targets-trucks, stor­ tankers were used. released from altitudes between 5,000 and The A-7D's range came in handy in two age sites, ammunition caches-the wing aver­ 7,000 feet-well above the effective range of aged close to twenty-five percent secondary other missions assigned to the 354th: search small-arms fire and most enemy AA. So the and rescue (more about that later), and explosions, significantly higher by estimates A-7D's electronic systems in the hands of of experienced pilots than normally scored night escort for the AC-130 Spectre gunships. competent pilots came up with unequalled Maj. Jack Terry believes that the A- 7 was by other tactical fighters. accuracy and survivability. The A-7D proved to be reliable and easy the best aircraft in SEA for gunship escort Here's how Lt. Col. Charlie Copin, Com­ "because we could stay with them so long­ to maintain. It had a ground abort rate of mander of the wing's 356th Squadron, put 0.3 percent and an air abort rate of 0.5 per­ about an hour and a ha.If. When escorting it: "My job as a squadron commander was the Spectres, we did flak suppression on the cent. Tactical Air Command's "acceptable" to make sure that targets were hit and that rate is 5.0 percent. big guns," which was never a real fun job. the airplanes came back so they could be Did the wing do much night work? "No," Perhaps most remarkable of all was the used again the next day. It was damned nice A-7D's combat loss rate. The 354th was said Lt. Col. Dave Eknes, the 355th Squadron to be able to put a 3,000-foot-above-the­ Commander. "The A-7 is well adapted to !ragged against all kinds of targets in South ground minimum altitude restriction on my Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia, with emphasis night operations because of the precision of pilots, knowing that they could hit the tar­ its systems, but we were limited by the num­ on generally well-defended interdiction tar­ get without getting down in the weeds. It gets. During Linebacker II, they supplied the ber of aircraft we had over there. They was the airplane, not the pilots, that allowed bulk of the daytime strike force, hitting un­ wanted us in the daytime.'' us to do that.'' disclosed targets-some of them near down­ SEARCH AND RESCUE town Hanoi-requiring extreme accuracy. The A-7's accuracy did create an educat­ ing job for the pilots. "We had to get the When the 354th went to SEA, they ex­ The wing lost only two aircraft in its combat pected to be flying interdiction and close operations. One of the pilots was captured FACs to not talk in general terms," Captain and subsequently returned when the POWs Sizemore said. "They would say, 'Okay, fifty support. It turned out to be more inter­ were released by North Vietnam. The other, meters west of my smoke.' You'd drop a diction than close support, largely because bomb and the FAC would say, 'Now ten of the nature of the conflict at that time. regrettably, was killed. meters ea.st.' We had to tell them, 'Hey, wait Very few U.S. ground forces were involved, THE A-7D'S SMARTS a minute. I see a tree on a rocky point. and, during late 1972, there were fewer troops What accounts for the 354th TFw·s un­ Where do you want it in relation to that?" in contact, so the number of true "close­ precedented accuracy in delivering unguided We had to educate them to use specific support" sorties was considerably less than bombs and for its combat loss rate, which points.'' in previous years. Then they flew some bomb­ much be the lowest in the history of tactical Should the A-7 be modified to carry laser ing missions that could be classified as fighter operations? Ask any A-7D pilot, and or electro-optical guided bombs? Ca.pt. Don strategic during Linebacker II. he'll tell you it was the airplane-not the Cornell doesn't think so. "To be realistic, The big surprise, however, was being given pilots. LGBs are more accurate than the A-7's iron the Sandy role in search and rescue (SAR) Even though fighter pilots are not noted bombs. The difference in accuracy isn't great, operations-locating and protecting downed for their modesty, we'll discount that state­ and it's not going to cost you as much to de­ airmen, covering the rescue helicopters, and ment. With two or three exceptions, all ot stroy a given target with the A-7 as with coordinating action in the pickup area. That the 354th pilots who flew in SEA were old guided bombs." happened three weeks after their arrival at hands. Most of them had at least one previous Another virtue of the A-7D's systems was Kora.t, because the A-ls that had done the SEA tour in F-lOOs, F-105s, or F-4s. The same pointed out by Ca.pt. Dave Sawyer. "The tac Sandy job throughout the Vietnam War were goes for the rated members of the wing staff computer allows you to come in on a target being turned over to the South Vietnamese and the squadron commanders who led mis­ from any direction, dive angle, and airspeed. Air Force. sions. And they all had a good bit of A-7 With several A-ls working a target, each "There was considerable skepticism about time in the States. You don't write off that with different parameters, you really can keep the A-7's suitability for the Sandy mission,'' kind of experience as a neutral factor. the defenders busy. And you don't have to Colonel Rhemann recalled. "We went into Nevertheless, a large share of the credit waste any time finding the target. All pilots an extensive training program to develop must go to the bird itself. Its electronic sys­ know where it is from their systems. You new tactics. By comparison to the A-1, the tems were described in some detail by Capt. can hit it and get out fast.'' A-7 is a relatively fast, high-performance Tom Ryan, a 354th pilot, in an article, "A- When opera.ting on long missions, as they aircraft. Tactics had to be changed sig­ 70-That Super-Accurate SLUF," published did in SEA, and for deployment, the A-7D's nificantly. We had a couple of pilots who had in our March 1972 issue. The systems include navigation system is a real boon. Captain flown A-1 Sandys in SEA, and that helped. forward-looking radar, Doppler, an Inertial Cornell said that occasionally, during the "A week after taking over the Sandy job, Measurement System, and a radar altimeter. deployment to Korat, the KC-135s that re­ our pilots participated in the pickup af two The information supplied by these systems ts fueled them over the Pacific would update F-105 pilots near Thanh Hoa in some very digested by a tactical computer and displayed their navigation systems from his. "I was less marginal weather. It was a difficult mission, on a Projected Map Display System (a map than a mile off course between Hawaii and and, after that, there was little doubt that in the cockpit on which the aircraft's precise Wake Island. This was entirely on the In­ the A-7 was not just an adequate replace­ position ts continuously indicated) and on a ertial Measuring System, and without the ment for the A-1. It was far superior in that Head-Up Display (HUD) projected on the Doppler, since we were over water." role.'' windscreen, which gives the pilot all infor­ mation he needs to control the aircraft and LITTLE BIRD-LONG LEGS Before the air war ended eight weeks later, deliver bombs or 20-mm shells on target. Another plus for the A-7D-and for 354th Sandy pilots had taken part in the res­ The systems can be used for accurate Seventh Air Force planners-was the length cue of twenty-two downed flyers. The "dif­ straight-and-level bombing from medium al­ of the airplane's legs. Colonel Rhemann has ficult mission" Colonel Rhemann spoke about titude, radar offset bombing, computed gun­ a bunch of charts in his briefing room at was certainly among the classics of the SAR fire, and for dive-bombing-the most accu­ Myrtle Beach AFB, centered on Korat business. Here is how it went: rate bomb delivery mode. RTAFB. They show the areas in which com­ An F-105 Wild Weasel had been hit by a One of the beautiful things about the Little bat-loaded A-7Ds could operate without re­ SAM in the vicinity of Thanh Hoa, on the Hummer's systems is the flexibility they give fueling from tankers-essentially all of coast, some ninety miles south of Hanoi. The a pilot in his dive-bombing run. After the Southeast Asia. Weasel crew balled out at about 11 :00 p.m., navigation systems have led him to the tar­ A typical configuration was for a mission landing at the base of the first ridge line get area, all he has to do is identify the target, with a 350-na.utica.l-mile radius. That radius west of the city. The following day, three af then, looking through the Head-Up Display takes in all of western South Vietnam, the 354th Sandys went up in very bad weather on his windscreen, put the HUD's aiming North Vietnam to within about ninety miles and got the survivors located, part way up symbol on the target and press a "designator" of Hanoi, Cambodia., and Laos except for the the ridge line, but separated from each other. button on the stick. The computer almost extreme northern tip, Carrying two 300- A SAR force of about seventy-five aircraft instantaneously figures out the point in space ga.llon wing tanks, eight Mark 82 bombs, and was put together late that day and during where bombs must be released to hit the 1,000 rounds of 20-mm ammunition, the bird the night by the Joint Rescue Coordination target. The pilot can take evasive action all had thirty minutes in the target area and Center at Tan Son Nhut Air Base, near the way down the chute until the aiming 2,300 pounds of fuel reserve on return to Saigon. It included F-105 Wild Weasels to symbol meets the target. At that point, he Korat. By cutting the fuel reserve to 1,500 suppress the SAMs a.round Thanh Hoa, F-4 levels his wings for "about three seconds," pounds, combat radius was increased to 480 Wolf FACs and F-4 MIG CAP aircraft, tank­ pickles the bomb, and pulls off the target. nautical miles-well beyond Hanoi and ers, an HC-130 Kingbird (the mission co­ Bull's-eye or a near miss! No more worries Haiphong without refueling. ordinator), H-58 Jolly Green rescue heli­ about parameters of airspeed, dive angle, re- Often a pilot was !ragged against a target copters, A-7Ds with smoke for screening pur- 29508 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 12, 1973 poses, and three 354th TFW Sandys. Pickup then headed west, directly past the .51-gun Donald's activities are not limited to was set for first light the following day, with pits. the study of the classics. however. He takeoff for the Sandys at 0430. Clarke made "a. very low pass" on the guns Maj. Colin A. "Arnie" Clarke, who was op­ to protect the Jolly and took a. hit "by some­ was also a representative to Badger Boys erations officer of the 854th TFW's SAR or­ thing that felt like a 57-mm." He lost all his State this past summer, and is active in ganization, led the Sandys. He has been systems and pulled up into the clouds "with the National Honor Society, drama, and awarded the Air Force Cross for his part in what I hoped was wings level. About that has played basketball since 9th grade. In the show. time a SAM radar picked me up, and things addition. Donald has worked with men­ The Sa.ndys rendezvoused with the Jolly didn't look too good." The SAM apparently tally retarded children in an education Greens above a solid overcast along the Laos­ didn't fire. class. North Vietnam border. While the Jollys held Clarke broke out on top, joined up with I am happy to join Donald's parents, in orbit, Major Clarke and his wingmen a couple of A-7s, and made an IFR landing worked east from the Plaine des Jarres in at Da Nang, flying the wing of one A-7. Mr. and Mrs. Donald Welch, Sr., as well Laos, looking for a break in the overcast Mission time: about nine hours. as Donald's fellow students and the through which a. chopper could let down. Ap­ The "57-mm hit" turned out to have been faculty of Parker High, in their pride for proach from the Gulf of Tonkin seemed out a. .51-cal tracer that exploded one of his this fine young man. of the question. The Thanh Hoa area was empty wing tanks, blowing in the side of the heavily defended by antiaircraft guns and fuselage and bowing the underside of the SAMs, while just north of the town was a wing. MIG field. That was one to remember. THE PRESIDENT, THE "FED" AND INTO THE VALLEY MANY PLUSES-A FEW MINUSES HIGH INTEREST RATES Major Clarke told his wingmen to hold The 354th Tactical Fighter Wing was the while he let down several times into narrow first to try out the A-7D in combat. They valleys, trusting to the accuracy of his Pro­ went to Korat to fly interdiction and close HON. JOE L. EVINS jected Map Display and radar altimeter. Each support. That they did, and gunship night time he broke out under very low ceilings, OF TENNESSEE escort, search and rescue, helicopter escort­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the valley proved too narrow to turn in, and and Linebacker II daytime strike missions in ahead the clouds closed down over rises in and around Hanoi. They did a. lot of things Wednesday, September 12, 1973 the ground. that no tactical fighters have done before, Giving up on the valleys, Clarke climbed and some things that other fighters haven't Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, up on top, flew east, and let down over the done as well. many who heard the President's recent Gulf to see if there was any way to work a No one in the 354th bad-mouths the A-70. press conference had their worst fears Jolly through the enemy defenses along the Not the pilots, who came from F-100, F- confirmed when the President said that coast. There wasn't. He did get the survivors 105, and F-4 units. Not the ground crews or his economic advisers had guessed pinpointed and marked on his Projected Map support people. Display so both men on the ground could be wrong and advised him wrong with re­ found immediately on return. Like every airplane, the A-7D has its spect to economic policy. Clarke now went back over the Gulf, faults-like its ground-loving tendency on a The erratic course of the administra­ picked up his wingmen and the smoke­ hot. 105-degree runway with a full load-but tion's economic policy has been difficult carrying A-7s, and took them in to see where they're few compared to its virtues. And so far as runway length is concerned, Charlie to fathom-many feel wage-price con­ the survivors were. The A-7s took several .51- Copin pointed out that "where you don't trols were applied too late and lifted too caliber hits. But weather in the pickup area early. Selective price controls are work­ had improved somewhat-2,500-foot ceiling have to fly as far to target as we did in SEA, with lower broken clouds, rain, and three you can leave off the wing tanks, carry the ing great hardships on not only American miles• visibility. It was still too low for the same bomb load, and reduce takeoff roll by consumers, but also small businessmen supporting F-4s to use their delay-fuzed CBU 3,000 feet." and other segments of our economy. In­ antipersonnel bomblets against enemy gun If they could redesign the A-7D, how flation continues to increase. The dollar positions. To the west. the only approach would they change it? More power? Of has twice been devalued and interest route for the choppers, it was still down in course. Every pilot wants that in any air­ plane. A bigger gun? Maybe, but if you can rates continue too high. The proper rem­ the valleys. edy seems not yet in sight. Everything pointed to an aborted mission. hit a tank with bombs on the first pass, do But Major Clarke "knew that the weather you really need a bigger gun? Because of the interest of my col­ wouldn't be any better for days. The sur­ Anything else? leagues and the American people in this vivors couldn't last that long." Having been After a long pause, Capt. Don Cornell re­ most important subject, I place in the shot down himself on an earlier tour as an plied, "I guess a.bout the only thing I'd RECORD herewith a perceptive article by F-100 Misty FAC, he knew that it was now do would be to make it a. little prettier." Mr. Hobart Rowen appearing in the or never. • And that just about sums up the 354th Washington Post. Going back west again, Major Clarke let Tactical Fighter Wing's feeling of affection The article follows: down on instruments in a valley wide enough for its Little Hummer. to turn in. While he orbited just above the MR. NIXON, THE "FED" AND HIGH INTEREST ground, one of the Jollys did a DF letdown RATES on him, but ran low on fuel, climbed back (By Hobart Rowen) through the clouds, and headed for home. DONALD E. WELCH Sitting in the White House East Room for The mission now was six hours old. President Nixon's press conference last Two more Jollys came up from Kakhon Wednesday. one thing became perfectly Phanom and held while Clarke went out to a HON. LES ASPIN clear: the administration has no new ideas tanker for a. rest and fuel. At that point, he OF WISCONSIN for controlling inflation. set a pickup time for the SAR force. Going Sidestepping any blame for himself, the back west, he once more let down on instru­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES President took a dig at his economic advisers ments into a valley "wide enough to hold a Wednesday, September 12, 1973 for the disastrous price spiral of 1973. two-G turn" and a chopper DFed down on "I'm afraid I can't be any more percep­ his position-about forty-five miles west of Mr. ASPIN. Mr. Speaker, I wish to take tive than my economic advisers have been the survivors. this opportunity to commend and con­ and their guesses with regard to, as you know, Flying ahead and doing 360-degree turns gratulate a young constituent of mine. the numbers insofar as inflation have been, to stay with the chopper, Clarke led it to Donald E. Welch, on his recent election have not been very good." near the pickup area, where he told the Jolly as the president of the National Junior He then tossed the advisers a crumb of to hold while he went in to get the survivors Classical League, an organization de­ comfort by saying he didn't blame them be­ alerted and suppress fire from enemy guns. signed to encourage in young people an cause of "factors .•• (they) did not fore­ Clarke now discovered a. .51-caliber gun see." position on the ridge. just above one sur­ interest in and appreciation for the civili­ Mr. Nixon's advisers have been wrong on vivor, who was hiding in tall brush. "A guy zation, language, literature. and art of more than guessing the rate of inflation. At could have thrown a hand grenade from the ancient Greece and Rome. at its 20th almost every turn, from the original "game gun pits onto the survivor." He and his annual convention in Claremont, caur. plan" of 1969 which produced inflation and wingmen, Captains Sawyer and Cornell, kep,t Donald is presently a senior at Parker recession at the same time, to the ill-fated fire on the guns while the A-7 smoke birds High School in Janesville, Wis .• and is in junking of Phase II of wage-price controls on laid down a screen. his 7th year of the study of Latin. He is Jan. 11, Mr. Nixon and his experts have By this time, there was a lot of lead flying botched the job of managing the economy. around and a lot of chatter on the radio. The active in the Latin Club and is a past This isn't to say that there were no prob­ Jolly Green pilot decided to come in, un­ president of the Wisconsin branch of lems beyond their control, notably a world­ aware of the gun position close to one sur­ the classical league with Mrs. Arlene wide boom that contributed to rising prices vivor. Miraculously, he made both pickups, Silness ably serving as bis advisor. here. September 12, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29509 But lots of our present economic heaa­ shouldn't shrink from it. Just his willingness educational and social welfare organiza­ aches could have been avoided or mitigated. to develop a more even-handed economic tions. There were plenty of warnings, for example, program might have a beneficial effect. Jerry Meyer, Cafe Brittany's genera.I man­ that the Agriculture Department was follow­ Right now, the burden of monetary re­ ager, was one of the first local businessmen to ing a policy of scarcity all during 1972, when straint is very uneven. Housing gets clob­ participate in career training programs for food demand was booming. But the depart­ bered. Smaller businessmen get hit hard young Virgin Islanders, and he encouraged ment had a monolithic concentration on when borrowing money. Local communities other businesses to adopt the practice. boosting farm income rather than the na­ find it tough or impossible to get the money Cafe Brittany succeeded superbly in serv­ tional food supply. they need for community projects. ing its community. It was as a business that And consistently, Federal Reserve Chair­ To those affected by high interest rates, it it failed. It suffered all the difficulties pres­ man Arthur Burns--whose name the Presi­ is little comfort to hear that with 6 per cent ently confronting many Virgin Islands busi­ dent invoked twice at the Wednesday press inflation, a 10 per cent interest rate works nesses-a diminished tourist trade and conference-begged for a stronger tax policy out to a "real" money cost of only 4 per cent. smaller numoors of vacationers, fewer people that would ease the inflation-fighting burden That may be significant to the big busi­ going out at night, and enormous opera.ting imposed on monetary policy. Had that advice nessman, to whom interest rates are but an­ costs, particularly for a. first-class restaurant. been heeded, interest rates wouldn't be so other operational co.st, with the government I have been told, although I cannot verify it, high today. picking up as much as 50 per cent of it on that the Brittany had another problem: un­ For all of the policy mistakes, only two his tax return, anyway. paid charge accounts. According to quite a notes of grace can be rec.alled. First, Treasury But to the homeowner, or small borrower, few people, much of the Brittany's business Secretary George P. Shultz has admitted that a. high interest rate is just another inflated was on a. "chit" basis and too many of those Phase III was a disaster, and Burns concedes price, along with the rest of them, which chits were never paid. If that is so, it speaks that the Fed should have exerted greater reduces the amount of money in his pocket. badly for a lot of us. monetary restraint last year. If it goes on long enough, a recession is a. cer­ There seems to be some possibility that Government expenditures should also have tainty-but it won't necessarily cure infla­ Jerry Meyer will manage to put it a.11 back been reined in last year. A golden opportu­ tion. together again. A reopening of Cafe Brittany nity to trim back military spending co­ would oo glad tidings indeed, and I join with incident with the winding down of war in all his other friends in wishing him the best Vietnam was missed. NOTES ON LOCAL INSTITUTIONS of good luck in his efforts. But now the monkey is on the back of Mr. On a happier note, a good friend and beau­ Burns and his six fellow governors. Almost tiful human being (there aren't too many of the entire :fight against inflation depends on HON. RON DE LUGO these around these days) is having a. one­ a. high interest rate policy-and the Fed is man photography show a.t the A. H. Riise Art the first to admit th.at there a.re serious limits OF THE VIRGIN ISLANDS Gallery. His name is Sammy Ha.ll, and he is to what should be expected from monetary IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a photographer of unusual accomplishment. measures. The Fed can establish a. goal-and Wednesday, September 12, 1973 He uses only black-and-white film, then col­ have no assurance that it can reach it. More­ ors the prints by hand, carefully and tedi­ over, it is uncertain what effect a given policy, Mr. DE LUGO. Mr. Speaker, I was sorry ously. The finished photograph resembles a even if achieved, will have on prices. to note that the Cafe Brittany on the Is­ painting, with all the subtle understatement Former Fed Governor Sherman Maisel land of St. Thomas is closing. This has of a. master artist's touch. points out in a soon-to-be published book, Sammy was born on St. Thomas, spent "Managing the Dollar," that the present Fed been an outstanding restaurant, and I some years living and working in New York, policy of allowing unlimited credit to those am sure that it is familiar to many of my and now resides on St. John with his wife who can pay the price must at some point colleagues who have visited the island. and family. He is a. genuine "local talent"--a price others out of the market. Not only has the Brittany been a gour­ Virgin Islander who shares, through his pho­ Burns himself, in testimony Aug. 3 before met's delight, but under its general man­ tographs, his love and appreciation for the the Joint Economic Committee, said that in­ ager Jerry Meyer the cafe has been a natural wonders of his region. terest rates "could go so high that we would leader in career training programs for In this case, of course, the "institution" be laying the foundation for the breakdown young Virgin Islanders. It has been an is A. H. Riise, whose small but handsome art of our economic and social order." gallery provides a showcase for the output of He cited, in that connection, the fact that example of a business with an enlight­ Virgin Islands artists, affording a.n oppor­ the 180-da.y interest rate in Chile was 90 ened social conscience, and I sincerely tunity for their work to be seen by the per cent, because the inflation rate had hit hope that a way will be found for the community and by the streams of visitors 200 per cent. Brittany to reopen in the near future. who pass through the doors of A. H. Riise "If I accomplish nothing else this morn­ I am including with my remarks an daily. It has offered a "leg up" for a number ing," Burns told that hearing, "I want to em­ article from the Daily News written by of gifted local artists. phasize the simple truth that inflation and Benita Cannon which describes the many Like Cafe Brittany, A. H. Riise is generous high interest rates go together, and that both contributions of the Cafe Brittany and in its support of local philanthropies, and it the one and the other pose perils for eco­ is almost inevitable to find contributions nomic and social stability in our country." the reasons for its closing. On the bright­ from it on the prize or auction lists of worthy But in the month since then, interest er side, the article also describes the fine organizations trying to raise money. rates have forged relentlessly upward. We photography show of Sammy Hall, a na­ Cafe Brittany and A. H. Riise: institu­ may not yet be suffering from a Banana Re­ tive of St. Thomas, and an artist of un­ tions. Businesses, yes, but community­ public style of inflation, but for the first usual talent. minded, seeing their roles as something be­ time in recent history, interest rates, like The article follows: yond commercial enterprise. other elements of price inflation, are being NOTES ON LOCAL INSTITUTIONS measured in double numbers-11 per cent or so for bank loans to small business, 10 or 11 (By Benita. Cannon) per cent in the "overnight" rate at which The word embraces not only public, gov­ banks borrow from each other-and 10 per ernment-sponsored projects, but also private ANNOUNCEMENT OF HEARINGS ON cent is widely predicted for the banks' prime businesses that render significant services to H.R. 187, TREATMENT AND REHA­ lending rate, the price of money to the best their communities, and it is in that sense BILITATION OF NARCOTICS AD­ and biggest customers. that the word is used here. DICTS When asked Wednesday whether "the tax One of these, the Cafe Brittany has closed, structure should be altered in any way to and that is sad, sad news for its patrons and help strengthen the economy," Mr. Nixon friends, and for the island of St. Thomas HON. DON EDWARDS responded: where it operated for nearly six years, meet­ OF CALIFORNL\ " ... a number of my advisers, including, ing some very special community needs. incidentally, Arthur Burns, have strongly The Brittany could well boast of its fine IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES recommended that the answer to this whole food, excellent service and pleasant atmos­ Wednesday, September 12, 1973 problem of inflation is the tax structure, you phere, but those were fractional parts of its know. That there's this gimmick and that community role. It was Cafe Brittany whose Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. one. And by saying gimmick, I don't mean doors stood open for meetings of local orga­ Speaker. I would like to announce that anything disrespectful to Arthur Burns, be­ nizations, whether those attending ordered a the Subcommittee on Civil Rights and cause he's very important to us at this mo­ meal or not. When any worthwhile cause un­ Constitutional Rights of the House Com­ ment • . . But there isn't a chance that a dertook a. fund-raising campaign, Cafe Brit­ mittee on the Judiciary will continue its responsible tax bill would be passed by this tany could be counted upon to donate a Congress in time to deal with that problem." certificate covering a number of dinners, and hearings on H.R. 187, to amend title 18 of That may be a correct political judgment. those were cherished raffle prizes or auction the U.S. Code to enable the Federal crim­ But if proposing higher taxes of some items for the annual Community Chest drive inal justice system to deal more effec­ sort is the right policy; the President a.nd for many, many other philanthropic, tively with the problem of narcotic ad- 29510 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 12, 1973 diction, to amend the Omnibus Crime good condition and looked after the clothes part of the people that the primary cause Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 to room herself. I wonder how many people of inflation is rampant deficit spending enable the State and municipalities to would be willing to turn their glassed-in front porch into a clothing room for the by the Federal Government. According deal more effectively with that problem, needy. I never saw Lucille when she wasn't to a January Harris survey, 74 percent of and for other related purposes. smiling. If you stopped into her home she Americans believed that Federal spend­ On Tuesday, September 18, 1973, at was always ready to make you a cup of tea ing was the single greatest cause of con­ 10 a.m. in room 2226, Rayburn House and give you some of her homemade bread, tinuing inflation. That alone of course Office Building, the subcommittee will cookies or fried cakes. If anyone was ill she is not conclusive evidence that they want hear testimony from Dr. Robert DuPont. sent them a card and if at home she took the spending reduced. It has always been Dr. DuPont is director of the Special ~hem some of her good home baked goods; 1f there was a death in the family she was popular to say it, but for years most of Action Office for Drug Abuse Prevention. always there with food for the family and al­ us-whether legislators or the general Those wishing to testify or to submit ways sent a card. The young people in the public-have behaved as if it were not statements for the record should address community loved her. I can recall one time true. It has been good political rhetori.c their requests to the Committee on the when Bill was in the VA hospital at Saginaw, but it has not been popular when trans~ Judic~ary, U.S. House of Represent atives, they made tray favors for all the veterans in lated into political action. Now, however, Wa.shmgton, D.C. 20515. his ward and sent them over with Lucille. I think the time has come when the peo­ She was crossing guard for the school and ple again perceive the truth and are go­ an excellent one. No matter when you passed her corner she would smile and wave her mg to expect their elected Representa­ hand. All of us in the office will miss her as tives to behave in responsible ways which THEY CARED ABOUT PEOPLE she very seldom came in that she didn't will bring Federal spending under con­ bring cookies, cake or fried cakes for us to trol, eliminate deficits, and begin to re­ HON. JAMES HARVEY have with our coffee. She always sold unique duce our gigantic national debt in order Christmas Gifts and made quilts to sell, and that runaway inflation can actually be OF MICHIGAN I for one will be lost as I never had to go out curbed. IN THE HOUSE Q_F REPRESENTATIVES to shop, Lucille brought things to my door. Lucille was a person who did her good deeds It is for this reason that I am today Wednesday, September 12, 1973 quietly and she was always there but she introducing a constitutional amend­ Mr. HARVEY. Mr. Speaker, during the never made a big fuss about what she did. ment which I believe will enable us to congressional recess I returned to the It will take the people a long time to get achieve the goal of balanced budgets in eighth district for a series of office hours over her loss and as time goes on we will the most expeditious, forthright, and realize more and more how much she did sustained way possible. throughout many of the small commu­ for people. She is probably already learning nities. One of my favorite stops is the In offering this amendment I am fully the needs of people in Heaven and is busy aware of the many proposals which have community of Millington because, as ha.s taking care of t hem as she is that t ype of been the case in each of the last 10 years, person. She never complained and seemed already been presented to this Congress Bill Throop is always there with a warm ageless so it was a terrible shock to learn of to deal with the problem of budget con­ greeting and handshake. her passing. She was a person that enriched trol and inflationary Federal spending. This year wa.s no exception. Bill, long your life just by knowing her. We hate to see Among these proposals are one recom­ the passing of people like Lucille as she was mended by the Joint Committee on active in veterans' affairs and a fine com­ a good citizen; a good neighbor, a good wife, munity leader, made his visit. But, I wa.s Budget Control (H.R. 7130), which a good mother and grandmother. Her good I support, and a constitutional amend­ saddened to learn that his lovely wife, deeds are too numerous to mention on this Lucille, had passed away. program but she will be missed by all who ment· requiring balanced budgets which Many might consider Lucille and Bill knew her. I have cosponsored. Throop as plain, ordinary people. They However, after a careful study of all would be proud of that designation. But, these proposals and the issue in general, I have and continue to think of them as CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT ON I have become convinced that none of very special people. BUDGET CONTROL the remedies thus far introduced is ade­ Mrs. Lilia DeBoer, veterans' counselor quate to do the job that needs to be done. and another distinguished Tuscola Coun­ A statute providing for a balanced budg­ ty resident, touched on the Throops in HON. FLOYD SPENCE et and the limiting of expenditures, no matter how detailed its procedures for a very nice tribute that she extended in OF SOUTH CAROLINA implementation, can be easily repealed her regular radio program over WKYO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in Caro last month. While Mrs. DeBoer's or supplanted by a subsequent act of tribute to the Throops follows my per­ Wednesday, September 12, 1973 Congress. This means that, as future sonal comments, I wanted to particularly Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I think a pressures to spend mount and present single out the following segment from good many of my colleagues discovered resolves and the lessons of present ex­ that radio statement: during the recent August recess a fact perience fade into history, a future Con­ gress can renege with relative ease on At one time Lucille and Bill had the used which they certainly could not have clothing room ·at their home and Lucille learned from the Washington media; any brave commitments we make this saw to it everything was in good condition namely, that the American people, year. It is equally true that a constitu­ and looked after the clothes room herself. · though concerned about Watergate, are tional amendment which only requires I wonder how many people would be willing not nearly so concerned about that prob­ that the budget be balanced establishes to turn their glassed-in front porch into a a good policy but would be extremely dif­ clothing room for the needy. lem as they are about the continuing in­ flationary spiral and the state of the Na­ ficult to implement. It is necessary to Lucille and Bill Throop have always tion's economy. spell out who establishes the spending had one great characteristic-they cared Recent experience with price controls priorities, what happens when there is about people. Lucille is gone now-pass­ has demonstrated again what had al­ not enough money to pay for all the ing away on July 21, 1973, but you can ready been proven over and over. If any­ programs Congress may enact or the be certain that Bill will carry on the one had cared to look at past history he President may request, and so forth. Any wonderful and commendable work of could have foreseen the present failure solution which does not do this-any both-caring about people. of price controls to stem inflation and solution which is not essentially self­ Mrs. DeBoer's radio comments fol­ stabilize the economy. Indeed, President implementing-assures that Congress low: Nixon told us repeatedly that they would and the Executive will continue to be July 21st we were saddened to receive a not work before hysterical political pres­ subjected to the same "politics by pres­ phone call from MilUngton that Lucille sure :finally forced him to demonstrate sure group" which now prevents us from Throop had passed away. Lucille was the the fact again for an unbelieving Con­ achieving the balanced budget goals angel of Millington. Everybody loved her and gress and public. Now we as a people have most of us at least profess to desire. she was always ready to give a helping hand to anyone in need. She was the wife of Bill once again come face to face with the It is for this reason that I presume to Throop of Millington and both of them were reality that wage and price controls offer yet another proposal in the area of interested in people. At one time Lucille and treat only the symptoms of economic dis­ budget control. The resolution I submit Bill had the used clothing room at their location, not the causes. And we are see­ today is identical to Senate Joint Reso­ home and Lucille saw to it everything was in ing an ever-increasing awareness on the lution 142 which has been introduced in September 12, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29511 the Senate by Senator CARL T. CURTIS But I would remind those who may only real difference is that the amend­ and a. number of his colleagues. I would find my amendment too precise and de­ ment would impose overt taxes, in the certainly be remiss if I did not take this tailed that the Founding Fathers saw a form of a surtax, rather than the hid­ opportunity to commend Senator CURTIS place for both general principles and den tax of inflation which constantlt for the splendid record he has compiled precise formulas in the Constitution. gnaws away at our earnings and savingt over his many years of public service on The electoral college procedure for elect­ today. The truth is then that if mj the issue of fiscal responsibility and for ing the President, the apportionment of amendment works, as I believe it will, the the valuable contribution he has made in the House of Representatives, the care­ American people will have gained a developing this proposed constitutional ful balancing of powers among three co­ mighty measure of control over spend­ amendment. equal branches of Government, the ing. The greatest political pressure on Mr. Speaker, I will ask unanimous con­ mechanisms for declaring war and rat­ Congress will then be exerted in behalf sent to include in the RECORD at the con­ ifying treaties, the enumeration of of cuts in spending and balancing the clusion of my remarks a copy of the res­ powers-all are precise and detailed. budget rather than, as at present, in be­ olution and an outline of its proposals. Some of them have been outgrown and half of increased spending and enlarged Stated very concisely, however, this have required amendment, but that has deficits. amendment makes it mandatory upon taken many years. Other "general prin­ Mr. Speaker, let me reemphasize in the Congress to impose additional per­ ciples" such as the commerce clause and closing that I do not regard this amend­ sonal and corporate income taxes, in the the 14th amendment could have bene­ ment as a cure-all. There is a definite form of a surtax, to pay for any deficit fitted from more precision, in view of need for statutory reform of the proce­ that occurs. It does this by providing for the constant litigation which they have dures by which Congress authorizes pro­ a thrice annual estimate of expenditures proillJ)ted and the broad scope of actions grams and appropriates the revenues to and income: one by the President at the which have been undertaken under their finance them. There is a definite need tin}.e he proposes his budget for the suc­ vague authority. It is conceivable that for statutory reforms which will enable ceeding fiscal year and two by the Con­ at some point in the future the formula us to take a long-range view of Federal gress. After each estimate, a surtax is proposed in my amendment may require spending and to engage in meaningful imposed in the next tax year to make up modification. For the foreseeable future, debate and consideration of relative any deficits which occur. In addition, at I believe it is not only workable but es­ spending priorities. I see merit in the the end of the fiscal year, the President sential. proposal which would make the fiscal must make a determination of the actual Other critics may feel that, by estab­ year coincide with the calendar year; deficit and, if previous surtaxes have lishing the principle of mandatory taxes, in the proposal which would provide for been inadequate to cover it, an additional I am, in effect, advocating not only appropriations over at least a 2-year pe­ tax must be imposed in the next tax year balanced budgets but constantly escalat­ riod so that authorizing legislation to cover the remaining deficit. Such ing taxes. "Those Congressmen will could be considered in one session of mandatory surtaxes can be avoided if never cut spending; they will simply Congress and appropriations bills in the Congress acts to reduce spending or finds go on spending and our taxes will go succeeding session; in the proposal other means of increasing revenues in up and up and up," I can hear some which would accommodate the concept order to balance the budget. Also Con­ folks saying to themselves. In fact, I am of zero budgeting; and in many other gress could suspend the mechanism by a convinced the amendment will work new concepts now under consideration. formal declaration of war or a formally quite to the contrary, and I would not But we can only resolve the overall prob­ declared national emergency as deter­ offer it otherwise. We must keep in mind lem by undertaking a firm commitment mined by a three-fourths vote. that a constitutional amendment, to to fiscal responsibility and by securing I suspect there are those who will ex­ take effect, not only must be passed by that commitment to the rock of the press concern about incorporating into both Houses of Congress but also must Constitution so that it will not be the Constitution so precise a mechanism be ratified by three-fourths of the State whipped to pieces in the winds of politi­ for controlling spending and balancing legislatures. If such an amendment is cal expediency. We must go beyond a the budget. We have become a people ultimately ratified, then it can hardly mere statement of policy and detail the who eschew precision because it forces us be construed as anything but a clear mechanism whereby our commitment to assume a greater measure of respon­ indication that the people are deter­ can be met with the least controversy sibility than we can comfortably accept. mined to effect a rational policy of Fed­ and chaos. It is to that purpose, I re­ I think Alice Rivlin and Charles Schultze eral spending and balanced budgets. peat, that I have offered the resolution made an excellent point in this connec­ Any Member of Congress who, by his which follows. tion in a recent Washington Post arti­ vote, made it necessary to impose the I am pleased to point out that a cle-September 9, 1973, page Cl­ mandatory surtax permitted under the number of my colleagues have joined me when they noted: amendment, would surely be exposing as cosponsors of the proposal and I take Until a few yea.rs ago, after all, the piece­ himself as a target for a wrathful elec­ this opportunity to urge that the Rules meal strategy appeared to favor liberal legis­ torate. And under this mechanism, the Committee, which is already considering tion. Major new programs-social security, electorate would know exactly where budget control legislation, and the Ju­ Medicare, Great Society progra.ms--could be enacted because they had small initial costs to go to find the culprit. Under the pres­ diciary Committee, to which all constitu­ and it was not necessary to worry about how ent fragmented procedure for authoriz­ tional amendments are assigned, engage they would be financed in the future. Deep ing programs and appropriating the in a coordinated effort so that we do not down, many liberals appeared to believe that money for them, everyone can blame wind up with a piecemeal effort at resolv­ 1f the problem of choosing among programs someone else's vote or someone else's ing a problem which has resulted, at 1s explicitly faced-and if new social spend­ program for the fact that the budget is ing 1s seen to depend on cuts in other pro­ least in part, from our present piecemeal out of balance and the electorate has method of operating. grams or on tax reform-the status quo will very little opportunity to assess where win. They are afraid that the only way to The material follows: get social progress is to bring it in surrepti­ the responsibility for fiscal irresponsibil­ ity actually lies. JOINT RESOLUTION PROPOSING AN AMENDMENT tiously. TO THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES Let us assume for a moment, however, It may be equally true that many con­ RELATIVE TO THE BALANCING OF THE BUDGET servatives have permitted this piece­ that I am wrong and that Congress did, Resolved by the Senate and House of Rep- meal strategy to continue because it was indeed, go on spending more than the resentatives of the United States of America easier to complain about excessive Fed­ current tax structure provides in reve­ in Congress assembled (two-thirds of each eral spending than to face up to the task nue and had the temerity to continue Ho·use concurring therein), That the follow­ of reforming the procedures-easier to increasing taxes in order to pay for ing article is hereby proposed as an amend­ engage in rhetoric than to face up to their spending schemes. When one looks ment to the Constitution of the United at the record of inflation over the past States, which shall be valid to all intents the task of making the difficult decisions and purposes as part of the Constitution about spending priorities and have to several years, it must occur to him that when ratified by the legislatures of three­ e:,q>lain to the voters why such and such what would happen under my amend­ fourths of the several States within seven a program had to be drastically cut or ment is not very different at all from years after its submission to the States for eliminated. what is actually happening today. The ra.tlficatlon: 29512 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 12, 1973 "ARTICLE- "SEC. 6. The Congress shall have power to is the responsibility of each one of us to "SECTION 1. On or before the fifteenth enforce this article by appropriate legisla­ work toward a strong and responsible day after the beginning of each regular ses­ tion.". Congress. It is highly important, if we sion of the Congress, the President shall transmit to the Congress a budget which BASIC OUTLINE OF PROPOSED SPENCE AMEND­ are to do this, that we pass legislation shall set forth separately- MENT: A CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT FOR now before our committees which would " ( 1) his estimate of the receipts of the BUDGET CONTROL reform ow· budgetmaking procedure. Government, other than trust funds, during (1) When the President submits his budg­ Surely, fiscal responsibility is one of the the ensuing fiscal year under the laws then et at the beginning of each year (e.g., in most important criteria of a responsible existing; January, 1974), he must include an estimate Congress. "(2) his recommendations with respect to of the income surtax necessary to cover any The following editorial which ran on outlays to be made from funds other than deficit in the proposed budget (i.e., the budg­ August 29, 1973 in The Burbank Daily trust funds during such ensuing fiscal year; et for FY '75). Review points out the need for this kind and (a) If he submits a deficit budget, Con­ "(3) if such recommendations exceed such gress must either of reform: estimate, a surtax rate which the President (i) find other ways of financing the deficit CONGRESS BROUGHT ON SHIFT OF POWER TO determines to be necessary to be applied in that fiscal year, or PRESIDENCY with respect to the income tax of taxpayers (ii) reduce expenditures, or Sen. Mike Mansfield has taken issue with to those portions of taxable years of tax­ (iii) the surtax automatically goes into ef­ President Nixon's charge that the 93rd Con­ payers occurring during such fiscal year, so fect (for FY '75). gress has been so preoccupied with Water­ that such receipts will equal such outlays. (2) Twice later, in the first and third quar­ gate politics that it has failed to meet its Such surtax shall be effective and so ap­ ters of the fiscal year for which the budget is legislative responsibilties during the first plied to such fiscal year except as otherwise effective (e.g., FY '75), the Speaker of the seven months of 1973. provided in section 2 of this article. House must again estimate income, outlays Indeed, the leader of the Senate's Demo­ "SEC. 2. During the first quarter of each and (if that estimate shows a deficit) the crat majority declares that Watergate has fiscal year, and during the third quarter of amount of surtax necessary to cover the had a beneficial effect on Congress, restoring each fiscal year, the Speaker of the House deficit. power to the legislative branch of the fed­ of Representatives shall- (a) Thus, if the President has miscalcu­ eral government at a time when there has " ( ! ) estimate the receipts of the Govern­ lated or if Congress has acted in such a way been concern about the accumulation of ment, other than trust funds, during such as to create or increase a deficit, then: power over the years in the executive branch. fiscal year; ( i) Congress must enact some other meth­ That judgment may be premature at best. "(2) estimate outlays to be made from od of raising the necessary revenue, or Our reading of the current relationship be­ funds other than trust funds during such (ii) Congress must reduce expenditures, or tween Congress and the executive suggests fiscal year; and (iii) Congress must impose an additonal that Senator Mansfield has mistaken a mo­ "(3) (A) if such estimate of outlays ex­ surtax which goes into effect automatically mentary weakening of the presidency for a ceeds such estimate of receipts, determine (for the remainder of FY '75), sufficient to strengthening of Congress. There is a differ­ a surtax rate which the Speaker considers cover the additional deficit. ence. It becomes apparent when we consider necessary to be applied, with respect to (3) At the end of the fiscal year (i.e., FY whether power has been flowing to the execu­ the income tax of taxpayers, to those por­ '75), the President makes a. final estimate of tive because presidents have been reaching tions of taxable years of taxpayers remain­ income and outlays and any necessary ad­ for it or because a succession of congresses ing in such fiscal year, so that such receipts justment in the surllax to cover any actual has been surrendering it. will equal such outlays; or deficit. The enormous Washington bureaucracy "(B) if such estimate of outlays equals (a) Again the surtax is automatic, but this which represents the swollen executive was such estimate of receipts, determine that no time it is imposed in the succeeding fiscal built by Congress, brick by brick, over a pe­ surtax rate is necessary to be applied. year (FY '76). riod of four decades and owes its continued Any such determination shall be effective, (b) This surtax is in addition to any sur­ existence to congressional appropriations. In and so applied, with respect to the remainder tax which may prove necessary to meet a def­ fact, the main effort to control its growth of such fiscal year commencing on the first icit in the budget for the succeeding fiscal or whittle it down right now is not coming day of the first month commencing at least year (i.e., FY '76) as a result of a deficit from Congress but from the White House thirty days after such determination by the budget proposed by the President (in Jan­ and the cabinet. Speaker. The surtax rate determined by the uary, 1975) or a deficit situation created by Throughout this year, with impoundment President under section 1 of this article the Congress through the enactment of leg­ of funds and vetoes of "budget-busting" shall not thereafter be applied commencing islation. programs, President Nixon has been trying with such effective date. (4) The automatic surtax can be rescinded to keep federal spending within bounds that "SEC. 3. During the last month of each in a. deficit situation under only two circum­ .his economists regard as non-inflationary. fiscal year, the President shall review whether stances: The response by the Democrat leadership in the receipts of the Gove:-nment, other than (a.) By a formal declaration of war by Con­ Congress has been to seek to override such trust funds, for such year will be less than gress, or vetoes and to pass legislation that would the outlays other than trust funds for that (b) By a national emergency, formally de­ force the President to spend impounded fiscal year. If he finds that such receipts clared as such by the Congress by a three­ monies. are going to be less than such outlays, he fourths vote. Meanwhile, Congress has authorized spend­ shall determine a surtax rate which he con­ (5) Any declaration of war or national ing that exceeds the 1973-74 budget by $1 siders necessary to be applied with respect emergency is effective for only one year and, billion, and bills that would reform its own to the income tax of taxpayers, so that taxes unless renewed annually by the prescribed slipshod budget-making procedure are on received by the Government from such sur­ vote of the Congress, the emergency lapses that long list of matters which it has not tax, when added to other receipts of the and any deficit is again required to be funded had the time or inclination to pursue. Government, will equal such outlays. Such by the automatic surtax provisions unless This hardly conforms to any model of a surtax shall be effective, and so applied, as otherwise accommodated by Congressional strong and responsible Congress. The 93rd determined by the President only during action increasing the revenue or reducing Congress has been handed more than enough the next succeeding fiscal year. The surtax spending. issues on which it could assert its legislative effective and applied under this section is in (6) Trust funds would not be considered prerogative-the energy crisis and the urgent addition to any other surtax that may be a part of the regular budget, and surpluses need for new trade legislation to mention effective and applied under this article and in those trust accounts would not be appli­ only two where its delinquency is threaten­ may not be superseded or modified under cable toward offsetting any deficit in the reg­ ing to hurt. It has been more concerned with section 1 or 2 of this article. ular budget. raking over the past, in terms of Watergate "SEC. 4. The provisions of sections 1, 2, and or such issues as whether Mr. Nixon did or 3 of this article may be suspended in the did not use his power as commander in chief case of a grave national emergency declared properly in a bombing policy in a war which by Congress (including a state of war for­ CONGRESS BROUGHT ON SHIFT OF he now, happily, has put behind us. POWER TO PRESIDENCY So far, at least, this will not go down as mally declared by Congress) by a concurrent an auspicious year for the President in terms resolution, agreed to by a rollcall vote of of getting the cooperation of Congress in three-fourths of all the Members of each HON. CARLOS J. MOORHEAD the passage of legislation that the country House of Congress, with each such resolu­ needs. However, it hardly promises to be tion providing the period of time (not ex­ OF CALIFORNIA any better from the standpoint of Congress ceeding one year) during which those pro­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES acting to solve a problem in the distribution visions are to be suspended. Wednesday, September 12, 1973 of governmental power which existed before "SEC. 6. Thls article shall take effect on Watergate and will be with us regardless of the first day of the calendar year next fol­ Mr. MOORHEAD of California. Mr. how the chips fall when that case is finally lowing the ratification of this article. Speaker, most of us would agree that it put to rest. September 12, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29513 FRENZEL EXTENSION ON H.R. 6452- selves to support their systems. Others part ment of Urban Renewal owned nearly URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION do not. Some systems are reasonably effi­ 1,600 such sites throughout Chicago. As fast as it takes to gather a rake, a hoe, ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1973 cient while others are grossly misman­ and some seeds, the Neighborhood Farms aged. The mind of man is incapable of program was launched. bringing equity to a situation of such "It's the greatest thing that ever hap­ HON. BILL FRENZEL diversity unless we give the administra­ pened t o us," says Mrs. Annie Hightower, a OF MINNESOTA tor of UMTA authority to impose uni­ registered nurse and long-time resident of IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES formly stringent controls on the hun­ the city's South Side. "We've had little vege­ Wednesday, September 12, 1973 dreds of transit systems throughout the table gardens for 15 years, but everything country. Nobody, least of all the admin­ was haphazard. We didn•t know how to Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, as much plant things the way we do now. Now we istrator of UMTA, wants the Federal do it scientifically. as I believe that the Federal Govern­ Government to exercise that kind of ment has an essential role to play in "You've got to see it," she says, jumping authority. I hope the House will not have up to show visitors how her tomatoes, corn, the development of modern public tran­ to vote on this matter at all, but if so, and must ard greens are doing. sit systems, this bill in my judgment then we should vote to reject operating Cit y farms are not new. Boston's Fenway turns transit spending priorities upside subsidies. We should permit UMTA to has provided eight acres of garden land down. Furthermore, the most desirable continue the vital business of developing since 1943, a holdover from the victory gar­ features of this bill, namely the increase the kinds of transit systems which people dens of World War II. City fathers in Rock­ in the Federal Government's share of ville, Md. (a Washington suburb), and Wind­ capital grants to 80 percent and the ex­ will be anxious to ride. sor, Conn., have set aside a parcel of land to rent out to would-be green thumbs. tension of capital grant authority, were But Chicago's new program takes the incorporated into the highway bill al­ farms to the people by making available ready signed into law. THE GREENING OF CHICAGO public land, free of charge, in their own What we have left here is the provi­ neighborhood, stresses Dr. Deton J. Brooks sion for operating subsidies totaling Jr., commissioner of the Chicago Department $400 million for each of the next 2 years. HON. MORGAN F. MURPHY of Human Resources (DHR), which is spon­ There are several reasons why I stronglY OF ILLINOIS soring the pilot project. feel that the Federal Government should IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES And not just land. The city has cleared the site of debris, roto tilled the earth, pro­ stay away from operating subsidies at Wednesday, September 12, 1973 vided 1,100 packets of seeds, 1,300 seedling this time. plants, gardening tools, fertilizer, water First, this is in my judgment really an Mr. MURPHY of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, from nearby hydrants when necessary, and "Obsolete-systems Protection Act." New one hears a lot these days about trash a PhD consultant on vegetable crops. York City's operating deficit alone totals dumps, vacant lots, and rundown areas in LATE-PLANTING CURTAILED more than one-third of the $400 million our cities. Public officials and private Twenty-one sites throughout the city­ contained in this bill. While system im­ citizens bemoan the fact that funds to more than two acres-now have green vege­ provement incentives are given passing correct these conditions are not available. tables ripening on the vine. There would have consideration in the distribution formula, The city of Chicago stopped complain­ been many more sites, says project coordina­ four or five cities already carry the ma­ ing about its inability to do something tor Richard S. Clewis, except for the late jor proportion of transit riders nationally about these eyesores and put the inge­ start. (Planting did not begin until mid­ and would under this bill receive the lions nuity of its department of human re­ June.) Many sites had to be eliminated be­ sources to work. Local funds were pro­ cause of unsuitable soil, lack of nearby share of the subsidies. Any formula in­ water sources, or lack of a local f amily or cluding ridership as a part of its distribu­ vided to clear lots of rubble and prepare civic-group sponsor. tion is certain to favor a few big cities the soil for planting. Rising food prices, however, prompted 140 at the expense of the rest of the country. With a minimum of expense and effort families and 12 civic organizat ions citywide Second, the Federal Government and a maximum of energy and enthu­ to try a hand in this greening of Chicago should use its fixed numbers of transit siasm, the project got underway iL June. project. Firemen at more than 30 firehouses dollars for what it can do best. That is; The crop yield has been good consider­ have joined in as well, planting and hoeing we should continue to concentrate on ing the lateness of the planting. There gardens of their own in their spare time. transit research and development and are plans to expand the program next TEACHING HOW TO WEED capital grants. Every dollar we vote in year and make arrangements for spring "Some of the people are pulling vegetables operating subsidies is a dollar which is planting. when they think they're pulling weeds," says unavailable for development and deploy­ Chicago youths who might otherwise be Dr. Clark Nicklow, the city's agricultural con­ without work were hired to supervise the sultant. One of the drawbacks initially, he ment of new technology transit systems. explains, is t hat Illany of the project's gar­ It is these new systems which are our best planting and growing. Kids who had little deners "have never worked wit h the soil hope for substantially increasing transit prior contact with green grass and fresh before." But he rates the workers high on ridership. Operating subsidies will in­ vegetables were introduced to soil cul­ enthusiasm and predicts a "satisfactory" evitably delay this regenerative tivation and the nurturing of young yield for their efforts. processes. seedlings. The city is conducting workshops at some Third, to the extent that operating Residents might find the gardens give sites to instruct neighborhood youth on subsidies are necessary, State and local them something in common-a renewed planting and weeding techniques and care pride in the appearance of their neigh­ of the gardens. In future years, the cit y governments should be asked to bear this plans to show families how to can and burden. The vote in Denver this past borhoods. A spot of color and greenery freeze vegetables. Friday is just one more indication that must be a welcome addition to an area The city's green-thumb effort has had the voter will tax himself for operating which has an overabundance of con­ several side benefits in the process: neigh­ subsidies if, in the bargain, he receives crete and congestion. borhood beautification, jobs for 100 youths a first rate transit system. Residents of I am including a recent Christian Sci­ helping to prepare the sites through the Pub­ the Minneapolis-St. Paul area already ence Monitor article which reports on lic Employment Program and Neighborhood Chicago's garden experiment: Youth Corps, practical educat ional experi­ are being taxed to support our aggressive ence for children and adults alike, and activ­ THE GREENING OF CHICAGO and imaginative efforts to upgrade tran­ ity that has brought neighbors together. sit service in the area. It is not at all (By Monty Hoyt) "I can't say we've saved too much money clear to me why the residents of rural CHICAGo.-Does your city have too many on our food bill this summer," says Victor Montana should be taxed to support an rubble-strewn lots? Too many unemployed R. Gonzalez, an old hand at gardening. inefficient system in Minneapolis, or teen-agers ripe for vandalism? A need for "That's because we've given so much away to cheaper food? worse, be taxed to subsidize the New York my children and grandchildren. But the city And if you could do something about all system. three at the same time, wouldn't you? Chi­ sure got rid of a lot of mosquitoes when they Finally, I know of no way to administer cago can-and is. took out all the weeds next door." equitably a Federal subsidy program. Last April, officials tried to think of pro­ SAVINGS FOUND Transit operator wages differ substan­ ductive ways to use the city's unsightly va­ Other city-sponsored gardeners, however, tially, as do fare structures and levels of cant lots. A quick inventory revealed that are looking at fresh produce costs-tomatoes service. Some areas already tax them- the city, as the major landlord, and the De- at 55-cents a pound, head lettuce at 54-cents 29514: EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 12, 1973 a pound-and have no difficulty totaling up culture estimated that dairy products, ex­ point out, for instance, that our stereotype sizable savings from their efforts. cluding butter, provided more than 11 per­ of the J.d. as a sullen, black teen-age mem­ "We're going to have a big feast and in­ cent of the total food energy, 22 percent of ber of the ghetto gang is far from the mark. vite the neighbors over when everything's the protein, 76 percent of the calcium, 86 "The stereotype has emerged from the pro­ ready. I love green tomato pie," says Mrs. percent of the phosphorus, 11 percent of the file of youths who are caught and referred Hightower. Secretly, she says she has her Vita.min A value, 42 percent of the ribo­ to court," they say "and the police, in turn, eye on another empty lot down the block for flavin, and 20 percent of the Vitamin Bu tend to catch and refer those who fit the next summer. in the American diet. stereotype. Everyone has assumed that de­ With a head start next year, DHR officials As a food buy, milk is a bargain. Measured tected delinquency accurately reflects un­ hope to expand the program to 300 or more in real terms, the price of milk has been de­ detected delinquent behavior. This assump­ sites. The rock-bottom budget so far for clining in recent years. For example, it took tion ..• is largely wrong." this greening project ls $2,500 for plants and 10.9 minutes of work to buy half gallon of That's very interesting, although many of equipment. The seeds were donated, as were milk at the grocery store in 1965, while in us have suspected as much for a long time. the time and manpower from four city de­ 1971 9.9 minutes of work was needed. But the authors found something else partments. PEANUT BUTTER that is vastly more interesting-and disturb­ The U.S. Department of Agriculture esti­ ing: that catching juvenile delinquents leads mates that 550 million pounds of shelled to more subsequent delinquent behavior PEANUT BUTTER AND MILK WEEK peanuts are expected to be used for peanut than not catching them. butter in 1973, resulting in 525 million "The consequences of getting caught are pounds of peanut butter. contrary to societal interests," they conclude HON. JOHN M. ZWACH Peanut butter is one of the most nutri­ from their own and earlier findings. "What­ OF MINNESOTA tionally valuable foods in daily use today by ever it is that the authorities do once they have caught a youth, it seems to be worse IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the American public. Peanut butter ls 26 percent pure protein, than doing nothing at all, worse even than Wednesday, September 12, 1973 a percentage higher than eggs, dairy products never apprehending the offender. Getting caught encourages rather than deters fur­ Mr. ZWACH. Mr. Speaker, each year in and many cuts of meat and fish known as tradi tiona.1 protein foods. ther delinquency." the month of February, Litchfield, Minn., More than 15 million pounds of peanut Now, what do you do with that? a town of 5,500 population in my con­ butter are furnishd annually without cost to It may be worth pointing out that the gressional district, celebrates the "inter­ the schools under the National School Lunch Haney-Gold study ls based on delinquency national peanut butter and milk festi­ Program. in Flint, Mich., not the slums of New York val'' a 4-day event that involves the ur­ Roughly two-thirds of all peanuts are used or Philadelphia., and it involves youngsters ban as well as the rural citizenry. Repre­ by the pea.nut butter industry, and are grown for whom apprehension does not mean near­ in at least a dozen Southern states. automatic consignment to the juvenile in­ sentatives of peanut growing States like stitutions that largely have become train­ Alabama and Georgia come northward to Mr. Speaker, when it comes right down ing schools for crime. share in our friendship and activities. In to it, it is pretty hard to beat the com­ They found out about delinquent acts, not October of each year, we return the bination of a cold glass of milk and a by looking at records but by asking the favor, and send reciprocal representa­ peanut butter sandwich. Both are nu­ juveniles themselves (with a good deal of tives to Alabama for their big national ca.re given to making sure that the responses tritious and economical. People of all were truthful) . peanut festival. ages can, and do enjoy them. Mille and A number of things became clear, among This annual event in Litchfield is peanut butter deserve to be celebrated, them that it ls not possible to typify delin­ handled by the chamber of commerce and I think the city of Litchfield, Minn., quents: They include all kinds of boys and and I must say they do an excellent job. should be commended for doing so. girls, all kinds of offenses at all kinds of fre­ I am looking forward to this year's activ­ quencies. The findings also indicate how ities-come bitter cold or drifting snow. few of those who commit delinquent acts a.re Mr. Speaker, I am today introducing ever apprehended-on the order of 8 per­ a House Joint Resolution commemorat­ OPENING PRISON DOORS cent-and even then frequency rather than seriousness of offense is the most important ing February 11 through February 17, factor in apprehension. 1974, as "National Peanut Butter and But the most troublesome finding is that Milk Week," and authorizing the Presi­ HON. TOM RAILSBACK once a child, by virtue of being caught, be­ dent to issue a proclamation calling upon OF ILLINOIS comes an official delinquent, both he and the people of the United States and in­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES society are likely to be worse off than if he terested groups and organizations to ob­ hadn't been caught. serve that week with appropriate cere­ Wednesday, September 12, 1973 If this ls true of juveniles, might it not monies. Mr. RAILSBACK. Mr. Speaker, as be true of adult offenders as well? (Certainly there ls little in the literature that indi­ Mr. Speaker, I have gathered together William Raspberry stated in this morn­ cates that adult offenders become more so­ some interesting facts about milk and ing's Washington Post, "We waver be­ cially responsible as a result of arrest, con­ peanut butter, and would like to share tween prison 'reform' and tough law en­ viction or imprisonment.) them with my fell ow Members. forcement." Clearly, none of us know But try translating this into social policy. FACTS ON MILK AND PEANUT BUTTER the answer to our crime problem-par­ Once you get beyond increased efforts at MILK ticularly in the case of our young of­ crime prevention, what, logically, do you do fenders-and his editorial poses some in­ with the fact that it is more harmful than Total milk production in 1972 a.mounted to helpful to apprehend criminal offenders? Do 120.3 billion pounds. Of this amount, 52.3 teresting questions for us to consider. you use police only for crime prevention? Do billion pounds went for fluid use, 22.9 bil­ Mr. Speaker, nnder the leave to extend you not pursue a. fleeing suspect? Do you not lion pounds went into butter manufacture, my remarks in the RECORD, I include investigate criminal activities, and limit your 23.1 billion pounds was made into cheese, "Opening Prison Doors" for the review of official response to looking after victims of while 21.9 billion pounds were used in the crime? production of other dairy products. my colleagues: OPENING PRISON DOORS And what happens when juvenile delin­ On January 1, 1973 there were 11,651,000 quents (and adults) who used to be careful milk cows on farms in this country com­ (By William Raspberry) to avoid being caught discover that you're pared to 22 million in 1950. Production per What should you do when you know that no longer interested in catching them? Do cow has increased from 5,314 pounds of ( 1) what you're doing is worse than useless, they commit more and bigger offenses? milk in 1950 to 10,271 pounds ln 1972. (2) you don't know any better way, and (3) Wouldn't that plunge the society headlong Farm income from the sale of milk and you don't dare do nothing? into uncontrolled savagery? cream reached $7,156 million in 1972-more Don't expect to find the answer here; it's If you think you know the answer to all than 11 percent of the total income from all I can do to try to persuade you that the these questions, it's likely you haven't spent the sale of agricultural commodities by question makes sense. What brings all this enough time thinking. farmers. Off the fa.rm, milk ts processed for on ls a. piece I've just read in the current For the truth is, most of the things we fluid use or manufactured into a variety of issue of the magazine Psychology Today. rely on most deeply-gut reaction, prejudice dairy products in more than 5,000 plants The editors seem to think that the heart and common sense-desert us when we ad­ across the country. These plants have almost of the report (largely a. rehash of an article dress the subject of crime and punishment. 300,000 employees with a payroll of well over in the December, 1969, issue of Prospectus: Experts with no interest in maintaining $2 billion annually. A Journal of Law Reform) is its discovery prisons and jails tell us that you could unlock Nutritionally, milk is generally considered that our images of juvenile delinquents are all the prison gates in the land without a by nutritionists to be "nature's most perfect mostly wrong. noticeable increase in criminal activity. We food". In 1971, the U.S. Department of Agri- Bill Haney and Martin Gold, the authors, must believe it, since we routinely release September 12, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29515 prisoners who have "paid their debt" know­ their cold furnaces playing Cinderella while Carrying loans of more than $500,000, they ing full well that hardly any of them has their sister states enjoy preferred status. If are using the financial management methods been "rehabilitated." state congressional delegations do not rise of big business to operate big farming. It is a We waver between prison "reform" and up in concerted protest against such discrim­ change almost everyone in agriculture agrees tough law enforcement, although we know ination, some may well find, come November is necessary to be a financial success these neither of these produces anything useful. 1974, that their electoral coach has turned days. But we won't stop doing what we're doing, into a political pumpkin. Census bureau figures have shown for years although we don't know any better thing to Along with the requirement of fair play in the trend toward big indebtedness. It has do, because we are afraid to risk doing noth­ rationing, a second aspect in the fuel short­ come because 25 years of inflation has con­ ing at all. age comes up for question. That is the re­ tinued to narrow profit margins-with the quirement of clean air versus adequate fuel dramatic exception of this year-in which for home heating and power production. net farm income nationally is soaring from HEATING OIL SHORTAGE IN THE Clean air standards now in effect have ruled a 1972 figure of $19.7 billion to $25 billion­ NORTHEAST out the use of high sulphur content residual or 25 percent. And government policies have fuels. New England utility plants, deprived held down prices farmers receive. Farmers of this fuel source, have been turning to have had to gross more and more to keep natural gas as a substitute. But now natural their net up. HON. FERNAND J. ST GERMAIN gas is itself in short supply, more so than Mr. Walters has been in farming for 12 OF RHODE ISLAND la.st winter. years. When still in high school he rented a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The use of natural gas during the summer small farm to launch his career. His father months, when temperatures are high and helped him get started. Wednesday, September 12, 1973 natural ventilation over the land mass is He received the 1972 National Young Farm­ Mr. ST GERMAIN. Mr. Speaker, the poor, makes good sense. But the conditions ers and Ranchers Awa.rd and he is active in that ca.use temperature inversions and stag­ severa,l state and county farm organizations. prospect of a severe heating oil shortage nant air in summertime do not hold in the Mr. Walters and his wife, Donna, and their this winter in the Northeast looms large winter months, particularly along the East­ four children--Janet, 11, Sandy, 9, Ken, 8, as a grim and likely possibility. ern coastal region. Would it not be feasible and Nancy, 6, eat their own pork and beef. All statistics and studies point to to lower sulphur emission standards for the Mrs. Walters puts up her own beans, corn, shortage of alarming proportions. Esti­ winter months, allowing public utilities to applesauce, strawberries, and three kinds of mates project the shortage to be as burn the cheaper and more plentiful grades jelly-grape, raspberry, and strawberry. They much as 40 percent in some areas. of residual on, and leaving the higher grade live on less than 1 percent of their gross in­ This is more than a question of eco­ fuel for home heating use? come so it can build for their future. Such a plan, of course, now endorsed ln "PAINTING THE HOUSE" nomics. Not just factories, but schools, principle by President Nixon, should not be hospitals, and homes are threatened to "This year I'm going to have to paint the allowed to become an opening wedge toward house," Mr. Walters says, adding, "there are be without heat. making dirty air acceptable. If it were a few things Donna wants this year and has The residences of approximately 40 adopted, utility companies should still be re­ waited for." million persons in the nine northeast quired to keep pollution emissions to the low­ The youngsters gave this reporter a good States are heated by oil. Thus, the health est practical level, and use of the low-grade tour of the pig houses, where they have and safety of millions of people and the fuels should be limited strictly to such chores. months and conditions as do not endanger The magic word in the Walters vocabulary breakdown of public services is at stake. human health. It is imperative that steps be taken is "management." He says: "With good man­ immediately to avert a shortage. A man­ agement you can grow in farming. But I know operators our size that have gone down datory oil allocation program must be in the past few yea.rs because they have not instituted. This will increase supply and FARM PROFITS made the right decisions. will also prevent continued price in­ "It is different for every farm. I also know creases. six small operations that closed last year Thus, I strongly favor congressional because the owners took the good year as a legislation to establish a mandatory al­ HON. JOHN B. ANDERSON chance to pay their debts and get out." location program that guarantees .to OF ll.LINOIS A small farmer who owned 250 acres in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES McHenry Country-if it was prime land­ independent wholesalers and retailers could sell it for over $300,000. Prudent in­ 100 percent of their base period supply Wednesday, September 12, 1973 vestment could yield $15,000 income from of No. 2 heating oil. In view of the inac­ Mr. ANDERSON of Illinois. Mr. that principal. But farming 250 acres rarely tion by the administration, it is essen­ yields a net of over $8,000. tial that the Congress enact legislation Speaker, in this time of rising farm Mr. Walters says, however, that it is to this effect as soon as possible. prices, we must remember that, for the cheaper to rent land than buy it. He figures At this point I would like to include first time in a long while, the farmer has the annual cost of renting land is $36 an an editorial from the Providence Journal an opportunity to realize a profit. acre, while it costs $47 an acre to buy it. which comments on the discrimination An article in the September 6, 1973, He and his brother now own 750 acres­ issue of the Christian Science Monitor with mortgages varying from 20 to 30 years­ at work in Federal policies with the re­ and they rent an additional 850 acres. They sult that New England is affected far describes the situation of Richard Wal­ ters who, with his brother, farms 1,600 bought their first property-240 acres-in more severely by the oil shortage than 1962, and just last year they added their other regions of the country: acres in northeastern Illinois. Walters' latest piece of land. In 1962 they paid $390 net profits have ranged between a high an acre, and last year they paid well over FAm PLAY ON On. of $9,500 in 1972, to a net loss of $5,000 Shortages of fuel oil are foreseen for the $1,000 an acre. coming winter months, and federal officials in 1970. This year he expects his net Could someone start up in farming now are predicting the crunch will be worse than profits to be greater than the 1972 level, the way he did 12 years ago? "No," accord­ last year. The situation became so acute in allowing him to pay off his mortgage ing to Mr. Walters. An aspiring young farmer the Midwest then that some schools had to faster and to purchase new equipment-­ today, given the proportionately higher costs shut down for days at a time. expensive equipment. of land, equipment, truces, and so on, and New England has long suffered higher fuel­ I believe this article to be well worth the average lower net income yields, would oil costs than the rest of the country be­ have to start out with someone who is al­ the attention of my colleagues and am, ready in the business--a father or a brother. cause of short-sighted and discriminatory therefore, submitting it for their review: federal regulations. Now it may find itself If 1973 farm prices hold up-and most farm­ not only paying more but unable to get as KEY TO "FINANCIAL SUCCESS"; MAKING THE ers are skeptical-this picture could ease much oil as it needs at any price. MOST OF A GOOD FARM YEAR somewhat, although costs are rising fast, too. President Nixon's energy policy office is (By David Mutoh) He says the high profits this year are the drafting a tentative rationing plan. Early re­ WOODSTOCK, ILL.-For farmer Richard Wal­ exception rather than the rule. He and his ports indicate New England may wind up ters, this will be a good year. brother expect to gross $750,000 or over, a whopping increase over the $450,000 he with 30 per cent less of a supply than it Things have not always been so, and it grossed in 1972. Last year he himself netted needs, as against a 10 to 15 per cent shortage has taken patience, good management, a lot nationally. $9,500 from the gross, he says, but he expects of capital and a "friendly banker" to keep to jump considerably this year. Any such plan to continue regional dis­ his farm going, Mr. Walters says. Mr. Walters does not want the public to crimination cannot go unchallenged. New He and his brother, Daniel, farm 1,600 acres think it is all gravy: "In 1971 I had only a Englanders expect no special treatment at here in McHenry County in northeastern $3,500 net, and in 1970 I had a $5,000 loss, the hands of the federal government, but Illinois. They raise corn, soybeans, hogs, and which is why I say it takes a friendly banker. they cannot be expected to sit quietly by cattle. This year I'll get ahead maybe two years by 29516 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 12, 1973 paying off the mortgages faster and buying resorted to such back-alley tactics, while, it which a State shall be a Party, the Supreme equipment that makes us more efficient. If was said, our athletes showed admirable re­ Court shall have original Jurisdiction. In all we can't get ahead this year we never wlll." straint. It was also noted that the Cubans the other Cases before mentioned, the Su­ had a prior history of such rough-house preme Court shall have appellate Jurisdic­ antics. tion, both as to Law and Fact, with such A sporting event-or a free-for-all? Cer­ Exceptions, and under such Regulations as DOING THEIR THING tainly there was every indication that the the Congress shall make. (Italics added) Cubans were just "doing their thing." Most shocking, however, wa.s the example Combining this section with the fact of someone exercising their freedom at the that Congress can ordain and establish HON. EARL F. LANDGREBE recent All-American Soap Box Derby in Federal courts other than the Supreme Akron. OF INDIANA Court at its pleasure---United States While not strictly classified as a sports IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES event-it has many elements of an athletic Constitution, article III, section 1-one Wednesday, September 12, 1973 spectacle. can make a very strong argument that In t his case, it's hard to assume that the Congress has total 100-percent plenary Mr. LANDGREBE. Mr. Speaker, in this driver, a 14-year-old youngster, was respon­ control over the jurisdiction of the Fed­ day and age, we hear a lot about freedom sible for rigging his entry. Rather it must eral lower courts and the appellate juris­ in America. What is not pointed out often be assumed that some older eager-beaver was diction of the Supreme Court. "doing his thing" in an effort to assure vic­ enough, however, is the fact that freedom tory. If this theory is accepted-and many is not free. That freedom can only sur­ The entry from Boulder, Colo., was dis­ scholars do accept it---see "The Constitu­ vive when linked with responsibility. This qualified after winning first place, and a tion of the United States of America-­ fact was made very well in an editorial $7,500 scholarship. This action was taken Analysis," pages 750-762, 1973-then in the Valparaiso, Ind., Vidette-Messen­ after it was discovered that this car had an there is no question that the idea that I ger on August 27, 1973. With our thanks illegal built-in electromagnetic system de­ propose for study is constitutional. to Vince Anderson, the general manager signed to help pull the racer at an accelerated I would not rest my argument here and Herb Steinbach, the managing edi­ pace in its get-away from the starting gate. While it's bad enough for professional ath­ on its strongest basis-one, because thi~ tor, I submit that editorial for the REC­ letes to show a complete failure of respon­ would weaken my position, and two, I ORD and the close scrutiny of my col­ sib1llty in their personal quest for freedom, really do not believe that the legislative leagues: it seems to us that it's even worse for some­ branch can manipulate at will the juris­ DOING THEm THING one to involve a 14-year-old boy in such diction of the courts. How often have we heard in recent times shenanigans. The most instructive case to the point that glib statement, "We want to do our own During his invest igat ion the Boulder Coun­ that there is a limit to the congressional thing"? ty District Attorney commented in the case power to manipulate jurisdiction is Actually this challenging comment sounds of the derby scandal, "When it comes to acceptable to those who counter with the youngsters of the country, we have to be United States v. Klein, 13 Wall. (80 U.S. query: "Well, this is a. free country, isn't it?" very concerned and conscientious that we 128 (1871). Thankfully, we in America. a.re still a. free don't guide them wrong." The Klein case was an outgrowth of people-but those who loudly proclaim they We believe, however, that professional and the monumental struggle between Presi­ want to do their own thing, forget the other amateur athletes also have an obligation not dent Andrew Johnson and Congress over side of the coin-that freedom must be to guide their hero-worshiping youngsters post-Civil War Reconstruction policies. linked with responsibility. wrong. During the Civil War, the Congress had Politica.ns of both parties have frequently passed a number .of acts providing for demonstrated their lack of concern for pro­ the confiscation of property of those in priety when doing their thing. Businessmen SETTING A TIME LIMIT ON CER­ aren't always ethical. Workers aren't always TAIN LEGAL DISCUSSIONS OF rebellion. In doing so the Congress had loyal to those for whom they work. THE ALASKA PIPELINE also enacted the constitutionally unnec­ The need for responsib111ty is down­ essary act granting the President the played, a.nd In fa.ct often sneered a.t. So it authority to grant rebels pardons on should come as no great surprise that the HON. J. J. PICKLE such conditions that he, the President, sports world is following suit. deemed advisable. Certainly there have been a rash of shock· OF TEXAS ing events involving athletes in very recent IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In the Presidential proclamation set­ ting out the procedures for pardons to days. The most common excuse for these acts Wednesday, September 12, 1973 is that they a.re such exhibiting their frus­ rebels and the retmn of confiscated trations. Otherf? sa.y they are just "doing their Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, I have re­ property was that former disloyal people thing." served time today to present an idea that take an oath of loyalty to the United The Chicago Cubs' Fergie Jenkins is taken I feel will become more and more attrac­ States. out of a ballgame by his manager and he Some in President Johnson's admin­ hurls bats onto the field in a display of tem­ tive as our complex technical society per. He then says he wants to be traded moves forward. istration strongly opposed his rather because he doesn't like Chicago fans. The On August 2, I presented an amend­ lenient pardon policies and challenged fact that he wangled a large chunk of salary ment to the Alaskan pipeline bill which in the Court of Claims the right of those money from his bosses, a.nd is having a "sub­ embodied this idea (H. 7304). pardoned to recover their confiscated par" pitching year, he doesn't seem to take I do not want to rehash the debate property. into consideration. over whether or not the Alaskan pipe­ The Supreme Court, of course, upheld Jenkins is a. fine athlete, and so is Duane the Presidential pardons. See United Thomas, who stars on the football field. Cur­ line should be built. I stated clearly with rently, he's playing with the Washington my remarks and votes on August 2 that States v. Padelford, 9 Wall. (76 U.S.) 531 Redskins, whom he has just joined. He too I strongly supported such a move. (1869). has been receiving publicity for "doing his Returning to my legislative concept, I The Congress did not agree with the thing." propose that serious consideration be Padelford decision. Thomas a.nd the 'Skins were in Buffa.lo for given to establishing, congressionally, a It repealed the pardon statute and an exhibition game. He turned his back dur­ time specific for hearing certain cases by passed an act declaring that the Supreme ing the playing of the National Anthem. This embittered some of the fans in attendance, the judicial branch of the Government. Court would have no jurisdiction over who taunted him. He later tried to climb a Such action would be for extremely ex­ any case when as a point of fact it was four-foot fence to get a.t some of his heck­ ceptional cases. determined that a claimant who had lers? Did Thomas show his freedom? He cer­ Now before there is an outcry that participated in the rebellion against the tainly did-but didn't he forget the other such a policy is unconstitutional as a vio­ United States had succeeded in recover­ side of the coin-his responsibility? lation of the "due process" clauses of our ing his confiscated property because of a Of course "doing their thing" has also ex­ Constitution and is an undue interfer­ Presidential pardon, and not because the tended to the international sports scene. claimant had met with certain require­ For example take the incident at Moscow ence by the legislative branch 1n the during the World University Games. Amer­ judicial process, I suggest a review of the ments as set out by the Congress for ica's basketball team defeated a representa­ proposed law. We start with the Consti­ pardon. tive team from Cuba-but thrown into the tution, article III, section 2, which states It is not necessary to discuss the con­ action was a melee which included swinging in part: stitutional questions raised on the Con­ of fists and flailing of chairs. In all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other gress encroachment on the Presiden­ The Cuban players were reported to have public Ministers and Consuls, and those in tial power to pardon at this time. September 12, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29517 The Supreme Court responded to the Any proceeding after the 6-month tended the Federal judicial power to is­ congressional act in Klein by rejecting period under this first exception would sue such writs. the notion that Congress could deter­ thus be only if someone disobeyed a His application for a writ was denied mine the outcome of a case by basing the court order. in the lower Federal courts, and he ap­ jurisdiction of the courts on fact and The second exception would be that if pealed to the Supreme Court. legal conditions uncovered during the an injunction is issued saying the Gov­ After arguments had bee11 heard, but argument of the case. ernment has not conformed to NEPA and before the Court rendered a decision on The Court put the congressional in­ it is clear from the opinion what could McCardle's application, the Congress re­ tent succinctly when it stated: be done to bring the Government into pealed the provision of the 1867 act au­ It is evident ... that the denial of juris­ compliance with NEPA. In this case, thorizing an appeal from the Circuit diction to this court . . . is founded solely then the Government could bring suit Court to the Supreme Court. The con­ on the application of a. rUle of decision, after the 6-month period to have the gressional action was taken over a Pres­ causes pending, prescribed by Congress. The injunction lifted when conforming steps, idential veto. Court has jurisdiction to the cause to a given in line with the Court's decision had been What did the Court do? It dismissed point; but when it ascertains that a. certain taken. forthwith McCardle's appeal, even state of things exist, its jurisdiction is to The scenario would be this: The Court though the case was in the middle of cease and it is required to dismiss the cause proceedings before that Court. The Court for want of Jurisdiction. enjoins the Government for failure to It seems to us that this is not an ex-ercise comply with NEPA on actions A, B, and said: of the acknowledged power of Congress. • • • C. The Government gets busy and con­ Without jurisdiction the Court cannot pro­ Klein, 145-14:6. forms with A, B, and C. The Court also ceed at a.11 in any ca.use. Jurisdiction is power enjoined the Government because it had to declare the law and when it ceases to exist, I would thus suggest that the Klein the only function remaining to the Court is case gives us the clear limits of congres­ done D and E wrongly; the Government that of announcing the fact and dismissing sional plenary power over the jurisdic­ goes back and does D and E differently. the cause. Supra. 515 Now the Government has followed the tion of Federal courts. Court's position on A, B, C, D, and E. The If to dismiss a case in midstream on Let us measure my proposal of Au­ jurisdictional grounds would violate fifth gust 2 against the findings of the Klein Government should be able to go back to court and have the injunction lifted. amendment due process, one would have case, and then turn to the famous Ex Some would say that this is a restora­ assumed that the Court would have de­ Parte Mccardle, 6 Wall. (74 U.S.) 506 tion of the Court's jurisdiction under cided Mccardle and refrain taking juris­ (1868). diction over future cases arising under Put simply, I suggested that, if a law­ NEPA and that new NEPA arguments would be brought up. the 1867 act. suit was brought against the issuance of I would think that any court would It is also important to point out that permits for the construction of the realize the purpose of my proposal and it is accepted jurisprudence that a court trans-Alaskan pipeline under the Na­ not allow the NEPA issues to be reliti­ can always examine the jurisdictional tional Environmental Protection Act of question no matter what stages the pro­ 1969, jurisdiction of the Federal courts gated on new ingenious legal theories the second time around. ceedings are in. over such a lawsuit would cease right at The Court would look upon this sec­ Some would say Mccardle is bad law· 6 months from the date of enactment of ond exception as another inherent ex­ this remains to be seen. ' the trans-Alaskan pipeline bill. But even if Mccardle is bad law I still The policy reasons for my approach tension of its power over its own equity orders. do not think my proposal violat~s due are clear: First. I feel it is only right that process. the people who feel that the pipeline does The Court is free to mold its equity remedies. What is the main message of due proc­ not conform with NEPA be allowed to For example, if the Court's injunction ess? It is according a fundamental ele­ have this legal question decided in Court. held that by the forces of nature the ment of fair play to the parties involved. Second. I feel that the construction of pipeline could never conform with NEPA, Would it have been basically unfair to the pipeline is so important that it should then the Government could not go back require the litigants and the courts to not be put off 2 to 3 more years by de­ into court pleading conformance with handle NEPA questions concerning the laying legal tactics by lawyers. NEPA. trans-Alaskan pipeline within 6 months But the question here is, "Was this On the other hand, the Court could time? I do not think so. suggestion constitutional?" order the Government to do things spe­ Let us look at the facts: The NEPA I admit that my proposal could re­ cific to comply with NEPA. If it did, sure­ questions on the pipeline had been pre­ sult in the withdrawal of the Supreme ly the Government could get the injunc­ sented fully to a District Court and to. Court right in the middle of the case if tion lifted when it had conformed to the the Court of Appeals. LawYer briefs had the 6 months tolled. Court's instructions. been written and research on the facts I do not admit, however, that my pro­ I have gone into this rather elaborate completed. posal is a manipulation of jurisdiction to exception hypothesizing to show that no In the time between the D.C. Court of satisfy a rule of decision, or outcome, as jurisdictional manipulation was proposed Appeals' decision on the right-of-way ruled invalid in Klein. byme. and the enactment of the pipeline bill, A decision rendered under my pro­ _ Instead, I wanted to place a simple no new facts or issues under NEPA, per posal of August 2 could have gone either time limit on the jurisdiction of the Fed­ se, had surfaced at least to the public's way. In fact, I allowed for two excep­ eral Court. How the Court would decide knowledge. tions under my amendment to make it the issue in the time period was obvious­ Thus it would have been very easy for clear the Federal court would retain all parties concerned to have presented a jurisdiction to insure fair play for both ly something I did not want to control. In discussing my idea with various peo­ full case on the Trans-Alaskan pipeline parties in case the Court ruled NEPA and NEPA within 6 months. had not been conformed to by the Ex­ ple, this problem with Congress perform­ ing the judicial function, as in Klein, has . It is true that putting time limits on ecutive branch. jurisdiction for new laws, or for in­ Exception No. 1 was that if the de­ not been the most discussed point. stances where the issues and facts had cision was an injunction against the · Instead, most complain that setting up not developed, would be basically unfair. construction of the pipeline, then the a system whereby jurisdiction could be But in the Alaskan pipeline case this Court would have jurisdiction for all withdrawn right in the middle of court was not the situation; and my proposal time to enforce the injunction. As un­ proceedings would be a violation of due would have violated no one's due process, likely as it might seem, I did not want process, and thus unconstitutional. whether Mccardle is good law or not. anyone in the executive branch to ig­ I would posit that Ex parte M cCardle Thus in concluding, Mr. Speaker I nore a court order without the threat (6 Wall. (74 U.S.) 506 (1868)) teaches us would implore my colleagues to give ~ri­ of contempt of court. that my proposal would be constitutional ous consideration to my proposal that the This exception does not really rein­ on this point. legislative branch put a timeframe on state a partial l.iEPA jurisdiction for the Mccardle was being held by military court litigation in certain rare instances Court, as I feel it is accepted that an authorities in 1867. He sought a writ of such as in the pipeline case. inherent power of a court is jurisdiction· habeas corpus to effect his release under These rare instances would be when to enforce its equity orders. the act of 1867, which expanded and ex- two laudable and necessary national CXIX--1860-Part 23 29518 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 12, 1973 goals are on a collision course and when cient to cover all expenses, including ad­ SEC. 4. Creation of the Corporation. To the conflicts as to fact and issues between ministrative. It would be administered carry out the insurance purpose of the Act, the two goals have been fully developed. by the Secretary of Agriculture. (a.) There is hereby created as an agency of and within the Department of Agriculture We should not establish or approve any The corporation would provide insur­ a. "Federal Grain Insurance Corporation" policy that denies people their day in ance in the following manner: (hereinafter called the "Corporation"). The court. Grain warehouses, elevators and other principal place of business of the Corporation Mr. Speaker, the question about the dealers could become corporation mem­ shall be the District of Columbia., but there constitutionality of my proposal to put a bers on a voluntary basis. Membership may be established agencies elsewhere in the time-certain on the jurisdiction of the requirements would be set by the Secre­ United States under rules and regulations Federal courts is twofold. One, was my tary of Agriculture. prescribed by the Board of Directors. (b) The Corporation shall have a capital proposal an unconstitutional legislative Membership fee would undoubtedly be stock of $50,000,000 subscribed by the United manipulation of the courts' jurisdiction? recovered by a nominal fee paid by farm­ States of America, payment of which shall, I have tried to demonstrate that Klein ers. Membership requirements would pro­ with the approval of the Secretary of Agri­ teaches us that the answer is no. Two, mote sound business management, so it culture, be subject to call in whole or in part would my proposal be a violation of due is reasonable to anticipate that losses to by the Board of Directors of the Corporation. process? I have tried to explain that this the corporation would be small. The cost (c) There is hereby authorized to be ap­ is not so measured against a sense of fair to farmers would probably be a tenth of propriated such sums as are necessary for the purposes of subscribing to the capital stoclc play and against the teachings of Ex a cent or less for each bushel they store. of the Corporation. Parte Mccardle. This would mean not more than $25 for (d) Receipts for payments by the United In short, there can be circumstances the maximum $25,000 coverage. States of America for and on account of such and events in which there is no violation Not only would the insurance protect stock shall be issued by the Corporation to of the Constitution if, or when, the Con­ farmers, it would also strengthen the the Secretary of Treasury, and shall be evi­ gress sets a reasonable time limitation to warehouse and elevator business. Federal dence of the stock ownership by the United settle a well-defined pending issue, and Deposit Insurance has been used eff ec­ States of America. if not settled in that time period the tively by banks to promote and stabilize ( e) Management of Corporation. (1) The management of the Corporation Federal courts lose jurisdiction over the the banking industry. Federal Grain In­ shall be vested in a. Board of Directors (here­ case. surance could do the same for the grain inafter called the "Board") subject to the This may be a new or controversial ap­ industry. · general supervision of the Secretary of Agri­ proach to the concept of due process, and I am particularly honored to have Mr. culture. The Board shall consist of the Man­ the power of Congress to control juris­ FOLEY join me in sponsoring this legisla­ ager of the Corporation, two other persons diction of the courts; but I think that the tion. As chairman of the House Subcom­ employed in the Department of Agriculture, concept is sound-and this may be a mittee on Livestock and Grains, he has and two persons experienced in the grain breeze in the wind that takes hold. proven time and time again that his leg­ and insurance business who a.re not other­ wise employed by the Government. The Board islative skills are great. He has cham­ shall be appointed by, and hold office at the pioned many great causes concerning plea.sure of the Secretary of Agriculture, who agriculture as well as other important shall not, himself, be a. member of the Board. BILLS INTRODUCED TO INSURE areas. His interest in the problem that (2) Vacancies in the Board so long as FARMERS' GRAIN DEPOSITS this bill could solve will add greatly in there shall be three members in office shall reaching our goal. not impair the powers of the Board to ex­ The text of the Federal Grain Insur­ ecute the functions of the Corporation, and ance Act follows: three of the memb~rs in office shall consti­ HON. PAUL FINDLEY tute a. quorum for the transaction of the OF U.LINOIS FEDERAL GRAIN INSURANCE ACT business of the Board. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES An act to provide safeguards to producers in (3) The Directors of the Corporation who the storing and selling of grain; and to a.re employed in the Department of Agri­ Wednesday, September 12, 1973 establish the Federal Grain Insurance Cor­ culture shall receive no additional compen­ Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, a farm­ poration sation for their services as such Directors, er's deposit of grain in an elevator or SECTION 1. Short Title-This Act may be but may be allowed necessary traveling and warehouse should be just as safe as a cited as the "Federal Grain Insurance Act." subsistence expenses when engaged in busi­ SEC. 2. It is the purpose of this Act to ness of the Corporation, outside of the Dis­ deposit of money in a bank. Now, in some promote the national welfare by improving trict of Columbia.. The members of the Boa.rd cases, it is not. the economic stability of agriculture through who a.re not employed by the Government Under traditional business practices, a a sound system for the storing, selling, a.nd shall be paid such compensation for their title to it, sell the grain at an agreed insuring payment for producer originated services a.s Directors as the Secretary of Agri­ price but defer receipt of payment, or grain. culture shall determine. sell with price agreement deferred to a SEC. 3. Definitions. (4) The manager of the Corporation shall later date. In each circumstance, he loses (a.) Meaning of words. Words used in these be its chief executive officer with such power regulations in the singular form shall be and authority as may be conferred upon him custody of his grain but does not receive deemed to import the plural, and vice versa., by the Board. He shall be appointed by, and immediate payment. The purpose of this as the case may demand. hold office at the plea.sure of, the Secretary bill is to insure the value of his grain up (b) Terms defined. The definitions of of Agriculture. to $25,000 until he gets paid. terms contained in the Act shall apply to (f) The Corporation- Some States have no laws whatsoever such terms when used in any regulations is­ ( 1) Shall have succession in its corporate to protect grain deposits. Some have leg­ sued thereunder. In addition, unless the con­ name. islation on the books but in times of text otherwise requires, the following terms (2) May adopt, alter, and use a corporate shall be construed, respectively, to mean: seal, which shall be Judicially noticed. crisis these laws have been insufficient to 1. "Act" means the Federal Grain Insur­ (3) May make contracts and purchase or protect the farmer. ance Act, as amended and supplemented. lease and hold such real and personal prop­ During the past few years, over 20 2. "Department'' means the United States erty as it deems necessary or convenient in grain warehouses and elevators have Department of Agriculture. the transaction of its business, and may dis­ closed their doors, gone into bankruptcy 3. "Secretary" means the Secretary of Agri­ pose of such property held by it upon such or lost their licenses for other reasons. culture of the United States, or any officer terms as it deems appropriate. These closings have resulted in more or employee of the Department to whom au­ (4) Subject to the provisions of the Act, than $2 million losses to farmers. Even thority has heretofore been delegated, or to may sue and be sued in its corporate name in any court of record of a. State having gen­ the best bonding protection is only whom authority may hereafter be delegated, to a.ct in his stead. eral jurisdiction, or in any United States partial. 4. "Producer" means a landowner, landlord district court, and jurisdiction is hereby Today, the gentleman from Washing­ or tenant involved in the originating of the conferred upon such district court to deter­ ton (Mr. FOLEY) and I are introducing grain to be insured. mine such controversies without regard to a bill that would create a Federal Grain 5. "Grain" means all products commonly the a.mount in controversy: Provided, that no Insurance Corporation that would pro­ attachment, injunction, garnishment or classed as grain such as, wheat, corn, oats, other similar process, mesne or final, shall be vide each farmer with full protection barley, rice, rye, soybeans, flaxseed, grain issued against the Corporation or its prop­ against any such loss up to $25,000. sorghums, dry edible beans, sunflower seed erty. After the initial expense of setting it and such other agricultural products mer­ (5) May adopt, amend, and !"epeal by-laws, up, the corporation would be self-financ­ chandised at or stored in a. Member's facili­ rules, and regulations governing the manner ing with fees charged to members suffi- ties. in which its business may be conducted and September 12, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29519 the powers granted to it by law may be ex­ pendency, or possession thereof, or by any of Membership; the failure to maintain such ercised and enjoyed. State, county, municipality, or local taxing a condition will render the Certificate sub­ (6) Shall be entitled to the free use of the authority. ject to suspension or revocation. United States malls in the same manner as (1) The Corporation shall establish a Grain (3) Have reputable, experienced and com­ the other executive agencies of the Govern­ Insurance Fund of $50 million to be held by petent management. ment. the Corporation for the payment of valid (4) Have a bond or bonds to secure the (7) With the consent of any board, com­ claims for producer originated grain insured faithful performance of his obligations as a mission, independent establishment, or ex­ under the Act. Such payments shall be re­ storer and/ or buyer of grain in such amount ecutive department of State or Federal Gov­ stricted to a limit of $25,000 for any one pro­ as may be determined by the Secretary. ernment, including any field service thereof, ducer with any one Member. (5) Keep such accounts, records, and may avail itself of the use of information, (j) A member is any party approved for the memoranda as fully and correctly disclose all services, facilities, officials, and employees purpose by the Secretary of Agriculture un­ transactions involving his business, including thereof in carrying out the provisions of this der provisions of the Federal Grain Insurance the true ownership of such business by stock­ title. Act and producer patrons of a Member are holding or otherwise; whenever the Secre­ (8) May conduct researches, surveys, and eligible for insurance benefits. tary finds that the accounts, records and investigations relating to insuring payment (k) Producer patrons are insured under memoranda of any such Member do not fully for producer originated grain and shall as­ the Act for payment for producer originated and correctly disclose all transactions in­ semble data for the purpose of establishing grain up to the limit prescribed in (1) above volved in his business the Secretary may sound basis for such insurance. and valid claims will be paid whenever the prescribe the manner in which they shall (9) Shall determine the character and Secretary determines that a Member has be kept. necessity for its expenditures under this Act failed to meet the demands of his producer (6) Every Member shall make reports to and the manner in which they shall be in­ patrons. the Secretary concerning such Member's curred, allowed, and paid, without regard to SEC. 5. Administration. business in such form and at such times as the provisions of any other laws governing (a) The Secretary shall administer the Act. the Secretary may require. the expenditure of public funds and such (b} That the Secretary or his designated (7) Be licensed, if required, and faithfully determinations shall be final and conclusive representative is authorized, upon applica­ observe all requirements under any license upon all other officers of the Government; tion to him, to issue to any party a Certifi­ to store or buy grain held under any applica­ and cat.e of Membership in the Corporation in ac­ ble State or Federal law. (10) Shall be empowered to issue sub­ cordance with this Act and such rules and (8) Observe sound warehousing and mer­ poenas and subpoenas duces tecum., as au­ regulations as may be made hereunder. Such chandising practices. thorized by law, and to revoke, quash or Certificat.e shall be prominently displayed in (9) Have and maintain such insurance modify any such subpoena. the Member's place of business. and :fidelity bond coverage as the Secretary ( 11) Shall have such powers as may be SEC. 6. Insurance Benefits-To carry out may deem necessary. necessary or appropriate for the exercise of the purposes of the Act-- (10) Observe any other requirements the the powers herein specifically conferred upon (a} Commencing with May 1, of the year Secretary may deem necessary. the Corporation and all such incidental following passage of the Act, the Corporation SEC. 8. Examinations. powers as are customary in corporations gen­ ls authorized and empowered to insure pro­ The Secretary is authorized to cause exam­ erally. ducers of grain dealing with a Member of inations to be made of any applicant, or (g) Personnel the Corporation against loss due to the fail­ Member's business including facilities, grain ( 1) The Secretary shall appoint such of­ ure of such Member to make proper payment stocks, books, records, papers and accounts. ficers and employees as may be necessary for for such grain. SEC. 9. Termination of Membership. the transaction of the business of the Cor­ (b) Insured grain shall be that grain to (a) A Member may terminate his status as poration pursuant to civil service laws and which the producer has retained continuous an insured Member by giving Notice in writ­ regulations. legal title. ing of Intent to terminate. (h) Monies of the Corporation ( c) The insured price of grain shall be: (b) The Secretary may, after opportunity (1) Monies of the Corporation not other­ (1) The insured price shall be that price for hearing has been afforded to the Member wise employed shall be invested in obliga­ agreed upon, if any, at time of sale between concerned, suspend or revoke any Certificate tions of the United States or in obligations the producer and the Member, of Membership for any violation of or failure guaranteed as to principal and interest by (2) or as determined by the method of to comply with any provisions of this Act or the United States. pricing agreed upon, if any, at time of sale of the rules and regulations made hereunder. (2) The banking or checking accounts of between the producer and the Member, Pending investigation, the Secretary, when­ the Corporation shall be kept with the Treas­ (3) or in the absence of any such agreed ever he deems necessary, may suspend a urer of the United States. price, the price shall be full market value Member temporarily without hearing. (3) The Corporation is authorized to bor­ less Member's usual trading margin at the SEC. 10. Cooperation with States. row from the Treasury, and the Secretary of Member's location as of the date the Secre­ In the discretion of the Secretary, he is au­ Treasury is authorized to loan to the Cor­ tary determines demand was made on the thorized to cooperate with State officials poration on such terms as may be fixed by Member by the producer and the Member charged with enforcement of State laws re­ the Secretary of Treasury and the Corpora­ failed to make payment; lating to storing, and/or buying of grain; but tion, such funds as in the judgment of the (4) or if a receivership develops and no the power, jurisdiction and authority con­ Corporation's Board of Directors is needed for prior demand has been made the price shall ferred upon the Secretary under the Act insurance purposes not exceeding in the ag­ be as determined by the receiver, shall be exclusive with respect to all persons gregate $200 million provided that the rate ( 5} and such prices shall be reduced by securing a Certificate of Membership here­ of interest shall not be less than the average any unpaid liens against the grain. under so long as said Membership remains rate on outstanding marketable and non­ (d} The quantity shall be that evidenced in effect. marketable obligations as of the last day of by original source documents less any quan­ SEC. 11. Fees. the month preceding the making of such tities for which settlement has been made, The Secretary may charge, assess and cause loan. and less any quantities required to offset to be collected a reasonable fee for every (4) The Corporation shall at all times conditioning authorized by the producer. examination, Certificate of Membership, and maintain complete and accurate books of ac­ (e} The Corporation may withhold pay­ assessment for insurance (as determined by count and shall file annually with the Secre­ ment of such portion of the insurance pay­ the Corporation} under the provisions of this tary of Agriculture a complete report as to ment of any producer as may be required to Act and the regulations thereunder. All such the business of the Corporation. The finan­ provide for the payment of any liability of fees collected, shall be deposited with the cial transactions of the Corporation shall be such producer to the Member. Secretary of Treasury for the account of the audited at least once each year by the Gen­ (f) Upon payment of any insurance claims Corporation. eral Accounting Office for the sole purpose of hereunder the Secretary shall be subrogated SEC. 12. Action on Insolvency. making a report to Congress, together with to all rights of the beneficiary of such claims Notwithstanding any other provisions of such recommendations as the Comptroller to the extent of such payment. law, if the report of an examination discloses General of the United States may deem ad­ (g} Such insurance is limited to the per­ that the obligations of a Member to other visable: Provided, That such report shall not sons and dollar restriction prescribed in Sec­ parties has been jeopardized by an insuffi­ be made until the Corporation shall have had tion 4, paragraphs (i}, (j) and (k}, and ciency or deterioration of assets, the Secre­ reasonable opportunity to examine the ex­ claimants for losses must comply with regu­ tary may take possession of the Member's ceptions and criticisms of the Comptroller lations issued hereunder. business and his assets, shall cause an audit General or the General Accounting Office, to SEC. 7. Eligibility Requirements. to be made, and if the audit discloses insol­ point out errors therein, explain or answer Parties making application for Membership vency the Corporation shall be appointed the same, and to file a statement which shall in the Corporation shall- Receiver. be submitted by the Comptroller General ( 1) Legally be in the business of buying SEC. 13. Criminal Penalties. wit h his report. and/ or storing grain and have suitable fixed (a) Whosoever falsely advertises, repre­ (5) The Corporation, including its fran­ facilities for the receiving and handling of sents, publishes, or displays any sign reason­ chise, its capital, reserves, and surplus, and grain. ably calculated to convey the impression that its income and property, shall be exempt (2) Shall have and maintain at all times a a non-member has insurance under this Act, from all taxation now or hereafter imposed financial condition at least equivalent to shall be punished as follows: A Corporation, by the United States or by any Territory, de- that required for the issuance of a Certificate association, partnership, business trust or 29520 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 12, 1973 other business entity by a fine of not more Elmer Lux has played an important voters and politicians alike since Mr. Luksch than $1,000; an officer or member thereof par­ role in Buffalo, not only in political cir­ was active in politics. ticipating or knowingly acquiescing in such cles, but through his many civic and Mr. Lux's lifelong interest and participa­ violation or an individual violating this Sec­ tion in politics--he's a former president of tion, by a :fine of not to exceed $1,000 or charitable endeavors. the Buffalo Common Council-most prob­ imprisonment for not more than one year, His active efforts on behalf of his fel­ ably was lnfiuenced by his father. Mr. Lux or both. low man received just recognition this ls a Republican. (b) Whosoever knowingly conceals, re­ week, when a newly refurbished resi­ He remembers that old neighborhOOd as moves, disposes of, or converts to his own dence-rehabilitation facility for cerebral "the greatest place, where nobody ever locked use or that of another, any assets used by palsy patients was dedicated as the doors, where nobody was rich but everybody a Member to lnfiuence the Secretary in grant­ "Elmer Lux Hostel." Local, regional, was generous and a place where :first, second ing of a Certificate of Membership or con­ and third generation Americans from vari­ tinuation thereof shall be guilty of an offense State, and national leaders paid tribute ous 'old countries' opened their hearts and and upon conviction thereof by a court of to him during the ribbon-cutting cere­ homes by sharing traditions." competent jurisdiction, be :fined not more mony, but perhaps the essence of Elmer Mr. Lux's antecedents are German, but he than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than F. Lux is best sumed up in his own words: recalls that his growing up years were en­ :five years, or both; but if the value of such Be loyal to the place you call home and riched by the Chamberlains and Johnsons assets does not exceed $100, he shall be :fined to the people who live in it. And try as hard from England, the Reids from Scotland, the not more than $1,000 or imprisoned for not as you can to be of service to that place Kumlanders from Norway, the Scotch-Irish more than one year, or both. and to your neighbors. This is the good life, MacKays, the Coppolas from Italy, the Jan­ (c) Whosoever shall willfully make, or and that's what everyone ls seeking. kowskis from Poland and the Zornicks from cause to be made, any false entry or state­ Hungary. ment of fact in any report required to be He does know the good life, and his "You name it and we had it in that neigh­ made under this Act, or who shall willfully home and neighbors know the benefits 'borhood, and we all were friends--great make, or cause to be made, any false entry of it. friends," said Mr. Lux who for many years in any account, record, or memorandum kept As part of my remarks I would like to has escorted his widowed mother to German by any Member subject to this Act, or who insert two recent articles from the Buf­ Day celebrations in Genesee Park. shall willfully neglect or fall to make, or to falo Courier-Express: Mr. Lux is currently extremely busy as cause to be made, full, true, and correct chairman of New York State's Division for entries in such accounts, records, or mem­ MANY INTERESTS OF ELMER LUX ALL ADD UP Servicemen's Voting which !furnished ab­ oranda, of all facts and transactions apper­ TO BOOSTING BUFFALO sentee ballots to men and women in military taining to the business of such member, or (By Grace Goddard) service. This is a year-round operation which who shall wlllfully remove out of the juris­ Elmer L. Lux of Linwood Ave. often sports takes Mr. Lux weekly to Albany from his of­ diction of the United States, or willfully a tie emblazoned with a buffalo. And on fice in the State Building in Court St. mutilate, alter, or by any other means falsify him It looks good. Mr. Lux attended Masten Park High School any documentary evidence of such Member, For this ultraneighborly man in the City when the school's principal was the late, great or who shall willfully refuse to submit to the of Good Neighbors has been a Buffalo booster Frank A. "Pop" Fosdick. After his gradua­ Secretary or to any of his authorized agents, all of his life. tion Mr. Lux rose in rank from errand boy for the purpose of inspection and taking Mr. Lux is most appreciative of the blend­ to executive in the motion picture industry. copies, any documentary evidence of such ing of the customs, cultures and cuisines He was upstate sales manager for RKO Radio Member in his possession or within his con­ of other lands that lends color and variety Pictures Inc. and later served as president trol, shall be deemed guilty of an offense to this city's life. of Darnell-Elma.rt Theaters-a chain of 21 against the United States, and shall be sub­ And despite his own busy way of life, Mr. motion picture houses in New York, Ohio, ject, upon conviction in any court of the Lux has never been too busy to reach out to Kentucky and Virginia. During this time he United States of competent jurisdiction, to the area's sick, disabled and disadvantaged. took courses at the University of Buffalo. a :fine of not less than $1,000 nor more than At 11 Tuesday morning the United Cere­ Mr. Lux was president of the Buffalo Rede­ $5,000, or to imprisonment for a term of not bral Palsy Assn. of Western New York and velopment Foundation when it brought to­ more than three years, or to both such :fine the United Cerebral Palsy Assn. of New York gether business, industry and government and imprisonment. State will dedicate a new facility in Halbert to establish a workable program of urban SEC. 14. Separability. St. as the "Elmer Lux Hostel for the Devel­ renewal. . The Sections of this Act and the subdivi­ opment Disabled." Booth Memorial Hospital of the Salvation sions of sections are hereby declared to be This new concept in rehabilitative service Army has been another main interest of this separable, and in the event any one or more aimed at the social rehabilitation of cere­ man who also helped set up Buffalo's first sections or parts of same of this Act are held bral palsy patients is adjacent to the Niagara Telethon !for Muscular Dystrophy. to be unconstitutional, the same shall not Frontier Vocational Rehabilitation Center at At 65 Mr. Lux shows no signs of slowing affect the validity of other sections or parts 100 Leroy which Mr. Lux helped establish down. He's an active volunteer worker at of sections of this Act. six years ago. Roswell Park Memorial Institute. He is presi­ SEC. 15. Appropriations and Regulations. "Our budget that first year, with the help dent of the United Cerebral Palsy Assn. of (a) There are hereby authorized to be ap­ of the United Fund, was $85,000 and we New York State, a board member of the propriated such sums, not in excess of $5 planned to serve from 50 to 75 persons. This Niagara Frontier Vocational Rehabilitation million for each of the :first :five :fiscal years year it's over $1 million, serving 450" said Center, chairman of the advisory board of beginning with the fiscal year during which Mr. Lux. The center now receives federal as­ the Sisters of Social Service, a board member enactment occurs to cover the operating and sistance. of the area Salvation Army. administrative costs of the Corporation in Mr. Lux's latest project is to help incor­ He is past president of Tent 7, Variety such amounts and at such times as the Sec­ porate the International Heritage Center Clubs International; past vice president of retary may determine. proposed for stately old Post Office building, the American Ordnance Assn.; past president (b) The Secretary and the Corporation, Washington St. The center would serve as a United States Army Assn.; past president of respectively, are authorized to issue regula­ tions as may be necessary to carry out the showplace for what Mr. Lux terms "the many the National Defense Transportation Assn. ingredients that go into the melting pot we He is senior co-chairman of the National provisions of this Act. call America." Council of Christians and Jews Brotherhood SEc. 16. Right to Amend. Mr. Lux ls joined by Horace A. Gioia and Week. The right to alter, amend or repeal this Edward Posluszny in the task of incorporat­ He's a local member of the Boy Scouts of Act ls hereby reserved. ing and for :filing to secure the building America and a member of the Advisory Com­ for that purpose. mittee of United Fund. He sings with the "Heritage" ls the name selected, rather Male Choir Bavaria and the United German than "ethnic," because Mr. Lux says, the lat­ Singers. BUFFALO CIVIC LEADER HONORED ter tends to set people apart, while the for­ Mr. Lux and his wife, the former Nina Belle mer doesn't. Wilson, have a daughter, Mrs. Robert Kallet Mr. Lux envisions compartmentalized of­ of Oneida. They also have three grandsons. HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI fices on the first, second and third floor bal­ Michael Kallet, 23, attends the Berkeley OF NEW YORK conies of the buildings-each devoted to the School of Music, Boston, Mass. Steven Kallet, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES background of a different nationality. 21, is enrolled in Syracuse University's School The main floor concourse would b.e used of Journalism, and Douglas Kallet, 19, is Wednesday, September 12, 1973 for performance of music, songs and dances studying for a career in dentistry at the Uni­ Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, many of the lands from which Americans have versity of Arizona. years ago I had the privilege of serving come. Mr. Lux offers encouragement whenever he Mr. Lux, son of Mr. and Mrs. Frank can to young people interested in a political on the Buffalo Common Council under Luksch, was reared in Buffalo's Kensington career, and in participating in community the able leadership of Council President section in a modest home in Olympic Ave. service. Elmer F. Lux, and we developed a firm The late Mr. Luksch operated a barber "When I was 40, Nina and I spent a few and lasting friendship. shop in Bailey Ave. which was a mecca !or weeks in New Orleans where a sidewalk ar- Septemb'er 12, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF RE.\1.ARKS 29521 tist offered to sketch my picture," he said. Lux is President of the Cerebral Palsy Assn. As you know, Mr. Speaker, a scholarly "I asked him instead to try to sketch it as I of the state and has been a member of the article on this subject by our friend and would appear at age 60. executive committee for many years. He is fellow colleague Representative HENRY "The resemblance on my 60th birthday was chairman of the Booth Memorial Hospital S. REuss entitled "Dollar Woes" appeared absolutely uncanny and I said to myself Advisory Council and is a former president in the August 26 issue of the Washington 'Now here's an experienced old gent who's of the Buffalo City Council and currently di­ at an age when he can offer advice to the rector of the New York State Military Ballot Star-News. young.' Commission. He has been a sales executive As an internationally known and re­ "This is the best and only advice I can consultant, a public relation consultant, and spected authority in the area of inter­ give: Be loyal to the place you call home and former head of RKO Pictures in Buffa.lo. national economics and monetary af­ to the people who live in it. "I can't tell you how pleased I am of the fairs, I am sure that our colleagues, the "And try as ha.rd as you can to be of serv­ honor," said Lux. "It is another step in our administration, and the general public ice to that place and to your neighbors. This long road and I hope it will focus the atten­ will find Representative REuss' article a is the good life, and that's what everyone is tion of the great community on our many seeking." needs. constructive and penetrating analysis of "The United Cerebral Palsy Assn. is very some of the major steps needed to solve ELMER Lux To BE HONORED proud of their contribution to the commu­ our domestic and international economic (By Anne Mcilhenney Matthews) nity and particularly to the families served. problems. There is, however, a growing awareness of Many years ago Elmer F. Lux and his With the thought that some of our col­ need, that these services are neither com­ leagues may have missed Representative charming wife, Nina, counted their blessing plete nor are they available to the numbers of a whole and normal girl-child and decided of people in the community who could well REuss' article as they visited their that because that seemed to be the end of use them. respective home districts during the the road in their progeny that they would "The quality and quantity of services August recess, I include the text of his take as their "family" those who so badly available to the handicapped must be in­ article at this point: needed helping hands-the afflicted of cere­ creased to provide the comprehensive pro­ DOLLAR WOES: MAJOR CAUSES INCLUDE: WA­ bral palsy. gram necessary to meet the multiplicity of TERGATE, AND THE Loss OF CONFIDENCE IN On Tuesday at the corner of Halbert and problems in a family with a handicapped THE WAY WE ARE HANDLING OUR DOMESTIC Brewster Sts., a refurbished two-story build­ member. If the problem which arises in a POLICIES ing will be officially named the "Elmer Lux family with a severly handicapped member (By HENRY S. REUSS) Hostel." It will be a residence-rehabilitation was a singular one, and if it could be easily center, hopefully transitional for all who are diagnosed, a single treatment could be de­ Throughout the late 1960s, the dollar was admitted, so that they can be trained for vised to meet that need. There is, however, clearly overvalued against the other lead­ more independence. no single formula. to provide for the needs ing currencies. The world was stuck with It is naturally a tribute to Elmer and his of such a family," Lux said. fixed international exchange rates, and with years of vision and endeavor for these people, "Our goal is towards total service. If total the over-valued dollar as the leading reserve baby to adult, a spiraling program of care, service is invested early in a handicapped currency. That meant that the United States education, training and diagnostic and ther­ child's life there is every indication that the couldn't change the external value o! the apeutic services. It is an enterprise that has effect on the individual and his family, and dollar, and the other countries wouldn't secured a legion of supporters and much the community can be minimized," he said. change it, because they were enjoying a selfless endeavor on the part of people from "The United Cerebral Palsy Assn. of West­ booming export business with the United all economic and social strata. But the Board ern New York, in the total service plan, States. of the United Cerebral Palsy Assn. of West­ would like to see the handicapped individual The result of the over-valued dollar was ern New York Inc., decided at a meeting receive serviqes on a continuous basis, as that American consumers were able to buy held la.st Thursday that the new building services a.re needed from the time it is rec­ imported motor ca.rs, color television sets should bear the name of one of them who ognized that the individual has a handicap. and almost everything else at bargain prices. has worked tirelessly in getting money and These services would range from infancy, For a while, before the bubble finally burst, volunteers for the enterprise. and pre-school, through pre-vocational, voca­ it looked as if Japan and the United States The Lux Hostel was formerly called Halbert tional, job placement, and social integration would each be manufacturing what it could House and a part of the Cerebral Palsy and int) the community in which he lives. most efficiently manufacture: the Japanese Frontier Rehabilitation Centers complex in "Approximately half of the children and all the goods the United States wanted, and the LeRoy Avenue area. It is now completely adults with cerebral palsy have speech de­ the United States the one thing it was good set aside as a private hotel for the handi­ fects, 20 per cent have faulty hearing, more at-printing greenbacks which shortly capped. It is being renovated to accommo­ than a third suffer from visual defects, and wound up in the Japanese Central Bank! date 20 persons in private rooms. It also has nearly two-thirds suffer from varying degrees American investors abroad, mainly our a dining room, living room, game room, laun­ of mental retardation. Most frequently two multinationals, were likewise finding they dry and kitchen. or more of these impairing conditions may could buy up foreign factories and equip­ There are entry ramps and some ramps affect one individual," Lux said. ment at a huge discount. Why build a plant to downstairs areas. All bathrooms have bars in Milwaukee when you can build one in in showers and along walls and there are Spain or Taiwan or Mexico for a fraction o! railings along all walls and extra wide doors the price? This extra incentive to invest to facilitate wheel chairs, etc. DOMESTIC INFLATION AND THE a.broad played a large role in turning Amer­ ican labor, worried at the prospect of lost "The idea of the hostel is to make it com­ DOLLAR pletely individualistic," says Edward I. Dale, jobs, from free-traders into protectionists in program director of the Hostel. a few years' time. "A strong emphasis will be made on social Likewise, American tourists went abroad HON. CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI in unparalleled numbers, lured by the pros­ rehabilitation so that residents can become OF WISCONSIN as independent as possible and move out into pect of Europe on $5 a day. And American private or public housing and, possibly, free IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES generals found that our over-valued dollar from being public charges," said Edgar J. Wednesday, September 12, 1973 enabled them to conduct foreign military ad­ Schiller, executive director of the Cerebral ventures on the cheap. Palsy Rehabilitation Center. Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Speaker, it is be­ Then the bubble burst. On August 15, 1971, Elmer Lux phrased it briefly and aptly. coming more and more evident, based on in the face of the danger that our foreign He said: my own personal observation and con­ creditors might demand gold in exchange for "It is to keep people out of institutions and versations with my constituents during their dollar holdings, the United States to take them out of them." slammed shut the gold window and let the the August recess, as well as conversa­ dollar float downward. The devaluation of All members of the Western New York tions with my fell ow colleagues this last Cerebral Palsy Association's Board will at­ December, 1971, at the Smithsonian soon tend the naming a.nd ribbon-cutting cere­ week, that inflation, higher interest proved inadequate. It was followed by the money next Tuesday. A group from the state rates, and seemingly unending increases even more severe devaluation of February­ association also will be on hand headed by in the price of food and other consumer March 1973. Since then the dollar has floated Alan Miller, commissioner of the New York goods are cause of much concern and down and down against the other leading State Department of Mental Hygiene. Also frustration to the American people. foreign currencies. James Warde, commissioner of mental health At the same time, while there is a After two devaluations and a depreciation, for Erie County; Erie County Executive Ed­ general consensus that inflation is our the dollar is no longer over-valued but under ward V. Regan; Robert Nitsch, president of valued. And why is the dollar selling at such the United Cerebral Palsy Assn.; Social Serv­ No. 1 national problem there is sub­ bargain prices, of close to 30 percent in the ices Commissioner George Sipprell and sev­ tantial disagreement and confusion as last two years? The financial people o! the eral other legislators on committees of the to how to proceed to solve this admitted­ world tell us that their disdain for the true State Mental Health Dept. will attend. ly complex problem. value of the dollar derives from two ca.,1ses: 29522 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS S~ptember 12, 1973 Watergate, and the loss of confidence in the NATIONAL LAND USE POLICY AND can be exercised equitably and judiciously. way we are handling our domestic economic LOCAL RESPONSIBILITY Furthermore, sanctions generally have policies. proved an ineffective tool in bringing a.bout Phase II price-wage controls, which were desired change. In this instance, they would working very well, werf abandoned last Jan­ be even less likely to be effective, since they uary apparently for the reason that they HON. SAM STEIGER focus on the governor a.lone, when it ls the were working very well. Businessmen have OF ARIZONA equal responsibility of state legislatures and been investing in plants and equipment, and local governmental officials to develop the consumers have been buying on credit, at IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES joint relationships necessary for exercising record-breaking rates-in large pa.rt because Wednesday, September 12, 1973 land-use control." people have become afraid of inflation and The Senate, in 1972, rejected the sanc­ want to spend before prices go even higher. Mr. STEIGER of Arizona. Mr. Speaker, tions provision in the land-use legislation The overall budget, far from showing the I would like to call to my colleagues' (S 632) of the 92nd Congress, and the House, surplus which is necessary at a time of in­ attention an article by Senator CLIF­ of course, failed to act on the bill last year. flation like the present, still exhibits a defi­ FORD HANSEN that appeared in the Au­ The House is expected to act on land-use cit. Because of the failure to obtain addi­ gust 30 edition of Public Utilities Fort­ legislation this year, and we can speculate tional tax revenues, the Federal Reserve is nightly. This article, entitled "National that, in general, the Senate pattern will be called upon to do most of the inflation-fight­ Land Use Polley and Local Responsi­ followed, excluding sanctions. ing, and exhorbitant interest rates are the One particular matter we sought to estab­ consequence. bility," addresses a number of the pro­ lish in the legislative history of the la.nd-use The dollar's under-valuation produces ad­ visions in S. 268, the bill recently passed act was to prevent any conclusion that action ditional complications. The rest of the world, by the Senate dealing with land use on the bill would resolve the shortage of pe­ needing feed grains, soybeans, scrap metals planning. troleum in the United States, or resolve the and lumber, taltes advantage of our artifl­ Since the House will have to come to failure of states to site any refineries. cially low prices to buy in record a.mounts. grips with this measure, I urge the Mem­ The committee chairman cleared this up in The Nixon administration is then panicked the debate when he stated: into export controls. These serve to alienate bers of this body to give careful con­ sideration to Senator HANSEN'S remarks: "We face an emergency in connection with the Europeans and the Japanese, to whom we the refining problem and some other land­ have always promised free access to American NATIONAL LAND USE POLICY AND LOCAL use aspects of the energy problem, so we products. Worse, foreign holders of dollars R.ESPONSmILITY are dealing with the problem on a special become even more panicky when they get the (By Hon. CLIFFORD P. HANSEN, U.S. Senator basis in the energy facllities siting bills so message that the United States is reducing From Wyoming) we can get action without delay. But S 268 the value of their dollar by telling them what It has been my experience with federal looks down the road and asks the states to they can and what they cannot buy. legislation that if the intent of the Con­ assume the responsibility to identify these So, despite the attempt by the Federal Re­ gress is not written into new law, the intent areas in advance so that they can crank it serve and other central banks to rig the of the Congress will, inevitably, be misin­ into their land-use program, well in advance market by artiflcially forcing the dollar's terpreted in many areas. More often than of need. prices upwards, confidence in the dollar re­ we like to recognize, the intent of Congress "That is the distinction: One is an emer­ mains low. is misinterpreted when it is written into the gency in which we are holding hearings sep­ What is to be done? If the problems are law. arately so that we can deal with the specific the Watergate and the domestic economic This was a. major reason the Sena.tors who problem, for we find ourselves curiously in a mess, as they a.re, the solution would seem to supported minority views of the Senate In­ situation, even with all the petroleum com­ be for the President to come clean on the terior Committee version of the Land Use ing in (when the Alaskan pipeline is in op­ Watergate, and for the government to clean Policy a.nd Planning Assistance Act (S 268) eration), where we would not be able to up the economic mess. ma.de the effort to get as much clarification handle it; that is, refine it, and make it avail­ Specifically, the inflationary boom in plant as we could written into this bill, both in and equipment could be tuned down by able to the fellow who wonders why he does committee sessions and during the Senate not have gasoline at his local station. So we modifying the present investment tax credit, floor debate. There was more accomplished as Federal Reserve Board Chairman Arthur have that problem to deal with separately by the minority in the former than the lat­ from S 268. That is what we have done. Burns wisely advocates. Consumers could be ter. But there were several notable accom­ restrained from borrowing too much from "I hope that clarifies the record." plishments in the Senate chamber. But the actual language of the bill in its the future by reinstituting controls over the Most visible, of course, was the defeat of a.mount of the down payment and length of definitions pointed out that provision is the cross-over sanctions floor amendment made for the identification of major facili­ the term of installment credit. offered by the committee chairman (Sena.tor The budgetary situation should be rescued ties on nonfederal land for the development, Henry Jackson, Democrat, Washington). The generation, and transmission of energy. by the prompt tightening of the minimum chairman preferred to call this "incentives" tax. First enacted in 1969 to compel wealthy While it would be unrealistic for me, en­ rather than "sanctions," during some phases gaged as I am in private life in agriculture, tax-avoiders to pay at least a pittance to the of its consideration. The action by the Na­ Treasury, it itself is so full of loopholes as to to claim exceptional knowledge in the en­ tional Governors' Conference earlier in June, ergy field, my interest in it is understand­ be relatively valueless. A sensible tightening registering their unanimous opposition to of the minimum tax, as advocated by the able. Wyoming is one of the major energy cross-over sanctions in federal land-use leg­ storehouses of the United States. We rank Brookings Institution, could yield an addi­ islation was no insignificant help in influ­ tional $4.5 billion a year. This would enable fifth in the order of states in production of us not only to bring the budget into surplus, encing the 52-to-44 Senate vote that pre­ oil and gas, and probably first in coal re­ but to embark upon a necessary program of vented the imposition of sanctions. serves, which is why we share with the na­ public service employment to make sure that The Congress should have the wisdom to tion's power users and producers keen inter­ the rate of joblessness improved, raither than heed the advice of our nation's governors, est in the surface mining bill (S 425), especially in matters that have to do with which was reported by the committee in deteriorated, during the transition period the traditional rights of state and local gov­ that lies ahead. early July. ernments, and on federal legis1ation that Wyoming is at least second in known ura­ As for price-wage policy, the administra­ requires a high degree of co-ordination be­ tion would do well to return to an improved nium reserves and production, and with tween state and federal government if it is Colorado and Utah, shares the major oil shale version of Phase II, concentrating on those to be workable. Because the governors did reserves of the nation. In addition, any mem­ cost-push areas of the economy such as steel, favor enactment of land-use legislation at ber of the Congress who does not attempt to automobiles, aluminum, hoovy chemicals. the federal level, there was some misunder­ understand the remedies for the nation's Such a program-fumigating our political standing among Sena.tors early in the de­ energy shortage is not doing his duty, and if institutions, and getting hold of our eco­ bate on the issue of cross-over sanctions and he does not understand that the energy nomic institutions-is the only way I see to the posiiton of the governors of the states on shortage poses a threat to the American way get the dollar off its back and into the inter­ that specific issue. of life, it must be suspected that he is not national monetary ring once again. When it Actually, the governors' position, unani­ capable of doing his duty. does, foreign pressures on our scarce goods mously opposing sanctions, scarcely could There was never very much question as to will subside for the simple reason that they have been clearer. Their policy position whether the Senate would pass a land-use will cease to be such irreslstable bargains. stated: planning bill. If you talk about farming, With the dollar thus in equilibrium for "The national land-use policy should re­ land-use planning, or doing away with crime, the first time in a decade, with the wild frain from the imposition of economic sanc­ if you are for motherhood, or whatever sub­ tions against states which are unable to ject it is, ea.ch person in his own mind likes swings between over-valuaition and under­ to think what he believes that particular valuation moderated, we can once again earn comply with federal land-use policy require­ phrase or act or idea. embodies. It is easy to the respect, the friendship, and the economic ments. Because of the highly sensitive na­ say, "yes, we a.re for la.nd-use planning,." be­ cooperation of the rest of the world. It is a. ture of land-use control, major accommoda­ cause we are frustrated with the fact that we long road, but the sooner we start on it the tions will have to be made between state get into a traffic bottleneck and it takes an better. and local governments before such controls hour and a. half to get to work. r \ .l, ~ \ September 12, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29523 Another person's idea of land-use planning "I think that fact is a. remarkable repre­ in the hands of the Secretary of the In­ may have to do with his 11ot liking the build­ sentation of just how far afield we have gone terior. I subscribe wholeheartedly to the ing going in next door to his home. It could from the free enterprise system that Repub­ decision by the Congress that is implicit in be what still another person thinks about licans and Democrats alike take as the basis the revenue sharing concept, that local peo­ conditions which obtain in the neighborhood of their economic beliefs. Imagine, in a time ple, who live with and confront local prob­ that militate against the financial success of of critical shortage and immense demand, lems, can make the best judgments in arriv­ his business. All of these are underst andable it not being worth anyone's while to in­ ing at local solutions. concerns and interests that people have, and crease the supply. But that is what has hap­ Hopefully, the U.S. House of Representa­ we would be ha.rd pressed to find a sizable pened. The government has so overregulated tives will be able to improve further upon number of citizens who do not hold an opin­ and stifled private initiative that what should this Senate-passed legislation. ion on land-use planning, whatever that title be boom-time conditions look more like an may conjure up in a mind. The very word era of over-supply. "planning" for most of us connotes a rea­ "Taxes, management errors, inflation, and soned approach, and no one really likes to restrictive pricing policies and poorly drawn SANTA CLARA COUNTY-SAN JOSE be labeled as against "planning." There al­ environmental regulations all played a role CITY JOINT ACTION ON DEVELOP­ ways is a bit of psychology involved in the in doing what the prospect of 25,000 feet of titling of a bill. hard rock could not-they have caused the ING LAKE CUNNINGHAM REGION­ One of the other accomplishments during oil man to decide not to drill." AL PARK the floor debate, which May seem rather sim­ We wonder what kind of nation we would ple to those who were unable to follow the have today had the concept of a fair profit committee sessions on the bill, was in getting been alien to its development. We can only HON. DON EDWARDS a definition for adjacent lands. A major sec­ guess by looking at the standard of living OF CALIFORNIA tion of the bill dealt with federal-state co­ in some of the communist countries. There ordination and co-operation in the planning are not many Americans, nor have there ever IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and management of federal and adjacent been many, who do not expect to receive fair Wednesday, September 12, 1973 nonfederal lands. returns from their endeavor, whether it in­ Without definition, there apparently were volves capital investment, scholarly pursuits, Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. no limits to application of the legislation. or manual labor. Speaker, I wish to take this opportunity The federal government owns in Wyoming, In the United States, private ownership of to inform my colleagues of a very good for example, 48 per cent of the land. The land has been a major stimulus for man's example of intergovernmental coopera­ federal government owns even more in sev­ initiative and incentive. It has helped make tion between two local governments in eral other states. But in Wyoming, if a factor the standard of living in America. the envy my district. There exists a vacant parcel of only one mile were used by the Secretary of an the world. The marketplace histori­ of land in San Jose that is the future site of the Interior in his categorization of "ad­ cally has dictated the highest and best use jacent lands," the federal government's scope of land. of Lake Cunningham Regional Park. ~ of control in that state would be increased to But, as proposed at start of the Senate de­ large part due to the diligent and creative 73 per cent. The definition finally agreed to bate, S. 268 could have discouraged private efforts of Velma Million, development of was that adjacent lands are only those ownership of vast areas of the nation's land. this land was prevented and instead the "which are in the immediate geographic When the use of land is tightly restricted, land will become a major recreation fa­ proximity of and border . . ." its productivity can be lost, along with its cility in the metropolitan area. Some Americans-those who had their value. Both the Santa Clara County Board children home from school last winter be­ Despite the efforts of some extreme social of Supervisors and the San Jose City cause there was not fuel to heat the institu­ planners who wanted to expand the police tions, who were laid o:ff from work because powers of the state with this bill by modi­ Council agreed to evenly split the cost of there was not fuel to run the factories, or fication of the constitutional amendments purchasing the land, with the city's who have stopped at service stations this which protect the rights of private property money coming from revenue-sharing spring and summer only to be told, "We are owners, we were successful in getting the funds. With this pooling of resources, an out of gas"-may have cause to wonder at language in the bill to protect those rights, important and needed recreation area the priorities of the Senate which put land­ and were successful in spelling it out in the can come into being now. I insert the text use planning legislation ahead of legislation legislative history. Senator Hubert Humphrey of an editorial from the San Jose Mer­ that would deal directly with the energy and I sought to establish in the legislative crisis such as Alaskan pipeline and refinery history during floor debate that the land-use cury News entitled "Sharing Resources,''. building. There is a particular urgency about bill would not pose a threat to the traditional that will describe in more detail this our energy supply situation, and the Amer­ and constitutional rights of private land cooperation and the benefits that will ican people are going to have to let their ownership. The critical issue was how far result from it: representatives in the Senate and House the use of property can be restricted with­ SHARING RESOURCES know of their concern. When we contemplate out compensating the property owner for . Santa Clara County supervisors have blackouts, the closing of schools and fac­ diminution of value. A definition of when a tories, the · stop page of transportation sys­ agreed to join with San Jose in the develop.:. restriction becomes a "taking" was sought, ment of a man-made Lake Cunningham in tem, and the possible threat to our national keeping in mind that the Fifth and Four­ security that could result if the military the East Valley. The project will provide all teenth amendments to the Constitution of county residents with a major, water-oriented were unable to perform its duty, the energy the United States provide that private prop­ crisis transcends the impor\·,ance of the na­ recreational center. It is, in the best sense, ery shall not be taken for public use, with­ an example of the dividends to be derived tional land-use plan. out just compensation. The laws of supply and demand are in­ from intergovernmental cooperation and the The pertinent passage from the Cong-res­ pooling of financial resources. controvertible. Yet, while mn.ny Americans sional Record follows: would be astounded to find it happening The supervisors have agreed to pay half "HANSEN. I gather from what the Senator the estimated $4 million cost of acquiring 300 among people who have experienced the ben­ from Minnesota has said that it is not the efits of life in our free society, there are some acres for the proposed park and lake between intent of this amendment to reduce, mini­ Cunningham Road and Capitol Expressway. in our country and even some in the Con­ mize, or qualify the rights oI private property gress who apparently have slight regard for San Jose's City Council previously set aside owners. $2 million of revenue-sharing funds to aid the free enterprise system that has helped to "HUMPHREY. That is correct. That is why make this nation the greatest in the world. I asked the question of the floor leader of in the land acquisition." A former Director of the U. S. Geological the bill, to make sure that this bill, in any The only similar facility in Santa Clara Survey and subsequently Under Secretary of of its provisions, does not reduce those County is Lake Vasona in Las Gatos, a beauti­ the Interior, the late Dr. William T. Pecora, rights." ful recreational complex that is so popular it whose veracity and integrity stand unchal­ Senator Humphrey had stated previously, frequently is filled to capacity. One such fa­ lenged, barely more than a year ago said that and received confirmation from the bill's cility obviously is not enough to serve local the oil and gas waiting to be discovered in floor leader, his understanding that "nothing residents. this country and the outer continental shelf in S. 268 would reduce, in any way, the tra­ Thanks to city-county cooperation, then, probably would equal 100 times the quan­ ditional property rights of individuals, in­ another big need is closer to being filled. tities consumed by the United States in 1971. cluding the right to compensation for prop­ The fact that two local governmental Senator Bill Brock of Tennessee elaborated erty taken by the government for public agencies working together and sharing ex­ on this bit of irony in some well-chosen re­ penses can provide services and facilities marks to the Senate on June 18th: purposes." "And yet (despite these great stores of I am in full agreement that some legisla­ that they could not provide alone is worth energy), exploratory drilling for new sup­ tion concerning a national policy for land underlining. plies has declined from a peak of more than use should be enacted. The approach is too little used. Greater use 15,000 wells annually in 1955 to fewer than But such legislation must preserve local of it could be and should be made in Santa 7 ,000 wells in 1971. Why? Simply because it and state prerogatives for primary responsi­ Clara County-not simply between San Jose is no longer very profitable to drill an ex­ bility in land-use planning. As passed by the and the county, but among all cties and the ploratory well. Senate, S. 268 vests too much of this power county. 29524 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 12, 1973 WELFARE PROBLEM makers with playing "Russian roulette," and WHY WATERGATE IS IMPORTANT if legislators accuse the governor of "playing a callous game of chicken which threatens the livelihood of our most needy citizens." HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. HON. JEROME R. WALDIE We've already had too much rhetoric. What OF CALIFORNIA OF CALIFORNIA ls needed now ls prompt resolution of the IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES impasse. IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES Wednesday, September 12, 1973 Wednesday, September 12, 1973 Mr. WALDIE. Mr. Speaker the imple­ NATIONAL NEWSPAPER WEEK AND Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Speak­ mentation of new welfare payment NEWSPAPER CARRIER DAY RESO­ er, as you know, part of the President's levels in California is currently a topic of LUTION defense strategy during his current cisis controversy between the legislature and has been to shift the focus of the Ameri­ executive branch. An editorial printed in can people's attention away from the the Los Angeles Times, September 7, HON. CLARENCE J. BROWN various sordid activities committed in sums up the situation quite well. I include OF OHIO his name by his handpicked assistants. Claiming complete ignorance of the vari­ the editorial for my colleagues' review at IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES this time. ous crimes being conducted under his Wednesday, September 12, 1973 COLLISION COURSE ON WELFARE nose, while at the same time refusing to Once again the Reagan Administration and Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, Na­ comply with a court order to turn over the Legislature appear on a collision course. tional Newspaper Week will have its ob­ evidence which could prove him innocent Only a. short time ago a deadlock saddled servance this year the week of October or guilty, Mr. Nixon has attempted to Californians with an unneeded and unwanted 7-13, with Newspaper Carrier Day ob­ divert the public's attention to various penny increase in the sales tax for three served Saturday, October 13. other subjects. In a speech last month, months. Now it ls the needy blind, disabled For many years these two occasions grasping for straws, Mr. Nixon told a na­ and elderly who a.re caught in the middle. tionwide radio and television audience Under new federal law, the basic federal have been observed by Presidential proc­ aid grant will be set at $130 for an individual lamation following the passage of a joint that all of this attention on Watergate starting Jan. 1, and states will be required to resolution by the Congress. I am today has meant that Congress has not been adopt plans for supplemental help. The aver­ introducing a joint resolution designat­ doing its job; that we are all, supposedly, age grant in California. is now $212 for an ing "Newspaper Week'' and "Newspaper just sitting around here talking about individual and $377 for a. couple, and the Carrier Day," and hope that it will see Watergate, watching the recent hearings state cost a.mounts to roughly $500 million expeditious action by the Congress in or­ in the Senate, and generally ignoring our a year. legislative business. Democratic leaders, in the Assembly at der that these two occasions can be ap­ least, have been insisting on far higher propriately observed by Americans. This is, as you know, nothing more grants. One Assembly bill originally proposed Mr. Speaker, I would like to note that than the desperate tactics of a desperate equalizing all grants at $255 for an individual America's newspapers constitute one of man. Richard Nixon knows full well that, and $460 for a. couple. The added first-year the most significant factors in the many aside from the one select Senate com­ cost to the state was estimated at $277 mil­ elements that make up our lifeblood of mittee which is looking into last year's lion by the legislative analyst office, and at democracy. They are read for their news election, very few Members of Congress more than $375 million by some in the Ad­ are spending any appreciable time on ac­ ministration. content, for the advertising that sup­ The Senate rejected a bill originating in ports our free enterprise system, for their tivities related to the Watergate affair. that house that would also have provided opinions and for entertainment. The We are too busy. During the months substantial grant increases. It then followed American public is served by more than prior to the August recess the 93d Con­ by stripping the Assembly bill of virtually 1,600 daily newspapers with a combined gress enacted 865 items of legislation. everything but its title, and sent it back to circulation of more than 62 million daily Despite the time devoted to the Water­ the lower house as the basis for a compro­ copies. In addition, there are more than gate hearings by a few of our colleagues mise. The measure has already been sent to a in the other body in July, the Senate two-house conference committee to see what 7,500 weekly newspapers, with a com­ can be worked out. bined circulation of nearly 32 million conducted 349 rollcall votes prior to the But the Administration thus far has been copies to American homes each week. recess, an all-time record for that period holding out for maintenance of the status These :figures, representing the full op­ of time. Congress certainly need not quo, with no appreciable added state costs. portunity for Americans to keep informed apologize for its record so far this year, And it is dead set against repeal of the "re­ by a free, uncensored press, are truly rep­ by any means. sponsible relatives" clause that requires chil­ resentative of our democracy, But behind these attempts to distract dren who live in California to contribute to attention from the Watergate affair lies the support of parents on welfare. That Most Americans receive their newspa­ clause was in both measures, and the gover­ pers-especially their daily papers-on a basic premise that the Watergate affair nor has vetoed similar repeal proposals twice their doorstep each morning or afternoon itself is of minimal importance, certainly in the past. through the effort of their local news­ not worth all the attention it has been Unless agreement can be reached between paper carrier boy. These boys number getting. Mr. Speaker, I believe we must the executive and legislative branches, it ls approximately 1 million at any given not allow Mr. Nixon to sell such a story conceivable that welfare grants could drop time. They travel an average of 1 million to the American people. On July 22, in to the federal level Jan. 1 and, as a. penalty, miles per day on their delivery routes, the weekly Intelligence Report feature the federal government would cut off $600 million in Medi-Cal payments now coming and they earn an estimated $600 million which Lloyd Shearer prepares for Parade into the state. per year in this free enterprise exercise. magazine, an item appeared under the Gov. Reagan has pledged that will not In making their rounds, they are often heading "Why Watergate Is Important." happen, that recipients' checks will not be up before sunrise and on their afternoon I submit the article for inclusion in the reduced. His a.ides are attempting to deter­ rounds they are willing to forgo the free RECORD at this point: mine how current payments can be main­ time that other youngsters have to make WHY WATERGATE Is I MPORTANT tained. sure that the reader has his newspaper (By Lloyd Shearer) It is obvious that there ls going to have to be some give and take on both sides. Per­ on time. They are out in all types of La.st month, after polling the American haps some categories of a.id should be in­ weather and their bundles of papers of­ public on its reaction to Watergate, the Gal­ creased. Possibly extra consideration should ten seem bigger than they are, but they lup organization revealed the following : (1) be given cases of special need where extra do the job and do it well. It is fitting that Two out of every three Americans believe costs are involved. they have their day of observance once that President Nixon was involved in the California already pays among the h ighest each year by their fellow Americans. scandal to at least some degree. (2) Approx­ welfare grant s in the nation. The burden of Mr. Speaker, I take pleasure in intro­ imately half the people polled (46 percent) proof for further increases in those welfare dismiss the Watergate affair as "just poll­ checks thus rests with the legislative propo- ducing this resolution honoring Amer­ tlcs---the kind of things that both parties en­ nents. If they can maker\ case, the Adminis­ ica's newspapers and newspaper carriers. gage in," although an increasing number be­ tration should be willing to recognize it. I urge its early passage in order to facil­ lieve it ls a "very serious matter," indicative It will serve no purpose if an Administra­ itate their approprtate observances this of corruption throughout the Nixon Admin­ tion spokesman continues to charge the law- year. istration. September 12, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29525 The Watergate subversion was far mer~ favorable to Communists and "unfavorable mulgated by the Department of Labor, and than "Just politics." It was a sinister at­ to imperialism (U.S. and Russia), modern re­ the way t he Act has been administered. It is tempt by arrogant, unprincipled and ambi­ visionism (Russia) and all reaction." impossible to enumerate all the various types tious men to destroy gradually the two­ of complaints lodged against the Act; how­ party system and the democratic processes as ever, the following list of the most serious we have established them in this country and oft-cited complaints will afford some over a. period of almost 200 yea.rs. OSHA AND THE SMALL BUSINESS­ indication of the scope of the problem. One man who perceived that drift very MAN The Act is punitive in its approach where early in his investigation of Watergate was it should be remedial. the junior U.S. Senator from Connecticut, a Standards promulgated were originally de­ Republican, Lowell Weicker. HON. JOE L. EVINS veloped by national consensus organizations On the opening day of the Ervin commit­ and cannot readily be applied on an indis­ tee hearings, Weicker tellingly described the OF TENNESSEE criminate industry-wide basis. Watergate participants as men " who almost IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES There is no way for the businessman to stole America." And they almost did. Wednesday, September 12, 1973 readily determine which of the standards ap­ It was some of the President's most trusted ply to him. aides who established a Department of Dirty Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speak­ Procedures for adopting the standards are Tricks. It was they who hired stupid lackeys, er, the publication Human Events, in its of questionable constitutionality. supervised by a former CIA a.gent of idiot current issue, contains an article con­ Let's take a closer look at the Occupa­ morality, to burgle, break in and bug. It was cerning the impact of the enforcement tional Safety and Health Act. OSHA estab­ they who taught clean-cut, handsome lishes procedures whereby t he Secretary of younger men to equate dissent with treach­ of the Occupational Health and Safety Labor promulgates federal standards for on­ ery, to despise the press, to treat the opposi­ Act under guidelines and regulations es­ the-Job health and safety. It provides t hat as tion party as "the enemy." tablished by the Department of Labor soon as practicable during the two-year It was they who substituted hate and vin­ on American small businesses. period following the effective date, the Sec­ dictiveness for competition and fair play The thrust of the article is that the retary of Labor must promulgate national in the 1972 Presidential campaign. To ac­ regulations are too stringent and extreme consensus standards as interim national oc­ cuse one candidate of being a. homosexual, to and are driving many smaller companies cupational safety and health standards. The accuse another of consorting with a prosti­ out of business. I should like to point out Act provides that the standards should be is­ tute in the back of a car. to steal mail, to sued without regard to the rule-making pro­ compromise the FBI and the CIA, to be­ that the Subcommittee on Environmen­ cedures required under the Administrative smirch the hard-earned reputations of such tal Problems Affecting Small Business of Procedure Act. men as L . Patrick Gray and Richard Helms the House Small Business Committee In addition to setting and promulgating by pressuring them to commit or approve held hearings on this matter, and further standards, the Secretary of Labor is also made deeds of dubious legality-these are the tac­ that the members of the committee are responsible for the enforcement of those tics of a. police state, and their practitioners greatly concerned over the application of standards; the power to investigate and in­ a.re the possessors of a. fascist mentality, this act and its effect on small businesses spect are provided by the Act. These inspec­ whether they know it or not. throughout the country-many com­ tions are typically conducted without ad­ How much President Nixon had to do vance notice to the employer. In fact, the with all this--Only he knows. What he is plaints have been received by our com­ Act provides that anyone who gives such ad­ guilty of at least is incredibly poor per­ mittee. vance notice without authority to do so may sonnel judgment. He surrounded himself in Because of the interest of my col­ be subject to a maximum fine of $1,000 and part with abrasive men of ill will, and they leagues and small businessmen in this six months' imprisonment. in turn, hired others in their own image. matter, I place excerpts from the article The restriction against providing advance Surely there is room in this country for in Human :.!::vents in the RECORD here­ notice is indicative of the punitive approach honest dissent by men of honest conscience. with. of the Act . Businessmen rightly complain There is no· room in any American adminis­ The excerpts follow: that the drafters of the OSHA legislation tration for a Department of Dirty Tricks. have treated them as "criminals"-that they That bag belongs to political tyrants who [Excerpts from an Article in Human Event s, apparently feel the employers cannot be de­ have no faith in the values and traditions of Sept. 15, 1973] pended upon to comply voluntarily with the the country they seek to subvert. OSHA AND THE SMALL BUSINESSMAN OSHA guidelines, and must be "sneaked up Mr. Speaker, we will very shortly be (By Karen C. O'Hara) on" and caught in the act. The Occupational Safety and Health Act, Yet when businessmen contact t he De­ celebrating the 200th anniversary of the partment of Labor to request assistance in founding of this Nation. The great pa­ commonly known as OSHA, is another ex­ ample of the crippling effect on private en­ complying with the Act, they are told that triots who wrote our constitution pro­ terprise caused by hastily conceived federal if the department were to send an inspector vided an example which all the world regulations. The net result of the OSHA reg­ to the employer's place of business, he would has admired ever since. If we can hope ulations has been to push up costs and to be obligated to issue a citation for any al­ to celebrate, not only a 200th anniver­ drive many smaller companies out of busi­ leged violation found during the visit. In sary, but still more decades and centur­ ness. To thousands of America's small busi­ other words, no on-site consultation may be ies of democratic government under our nessmen it is perhaps the most burdensome provided concerning how to comply wit h the in a growing list of federal efforts to patch law in advance of an official inspection. constitution, we must heed the famous The policy of unannounced inspection words of Thomas Jefferson, "The price the garment of free enterprise with the cloth of socialism. visits has given rise to some unanticipated of liberty is eternal vigilance." And there­ Many working people, whom the Act is de­ side effects: The latest ra-0kets include men fore, we must not shut our eyes to Water­ signed to protect, feel the same way, as they posing as OSHA inspectors who in reality are gate. see the layoffs and the business closedowns industrial spies, potential thiefs looking over which are 1·esulting from enforcement of security measures, and con men t alking the OSHA. employer into offering a bribe not to impose heavy "fines." A QUOTATION FROM CHOU EN-LAI "After all," said one employee who lost his job because the employer could not afford to At an official inspection, t he federal OSHA make the changes required by OSHA," is it inspector issues a citation and proposes pen­ HON. 0. C. FISHER better to have a job where there are some alties for each violation, including the most minor non-conformity. If the employer does OF TEXAS minor risks of injury--0r no job at all? Even not contest the finding within 15 working IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES though my employer would have been re­ quired to make substantial modifications in days, it becomes a final order and cannot Wednesday, September 12, 1973 our facilities to meet the standards, we never subsequently be appealed. had an on-the-job injury in all the time I This time period of 15 working days has Mr. FISHER. Mr. Speaker, in the Sep­ worked there." frequently been called totally inadequate. As tember 17 issue of U.S. News & World No one questions the need to reduce the an example, the case of an electrical con­ Report is found the following news item: level of work-related illness and injury. To tractor was cited in testimony before the En­ In Peking, reporting to the Communist the vast majority of businessmen, however, vironmental Problems Subcommittee of the Party Congress in his role as No. 2 to Chair­ federal regulation through OSHA is perhaps House Permanent Select Committee on Small man Mao, Chou En-lai had such plain talk the worst possible way of achieving that re­ Business. After citing the contractor for al• as this: "Relaxation (of tensions with non­ sult. What began as an effort to insure ade­ Ieged violations of OSHA, the inspector ad­ Communist states) is a temporary and su­ quate standards for on-the-job safety has mitted that an error had been made and that perficial phenomenon and great disorder turned into an example of administrative lack there were no violations after all. The only will continue. Such great disorder is a good of foresight and outright federal oppres­ way to correct the error, however, was to con­ thi ng for the people, not a bad thing. It siveness. test the citation; the contractor informed throws the enemies into confusion and What's wrong with OSHA? The most fre­ the Department of Labor that this was his causes division among them . • .'' This is quent complaint s concern regulations pro- intention. In response, the depart ment sent 29526 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 12, 1973 him a package of highly technical material. enforcement of the Act denies due process." ADMINISTRATION'S INEPTITUDE When t he contractor wrote requesting clari­ Apparently the government is reluctant to HANDLING OF ENERGY CRISIS n.catton of the material, the response was test the constitutionality issue in court. that the period of 16 working days in which Rather than meet the issue squarely. the to contest the citation had expired, and he government has tended either to dismiss or HON. WILLIAM D. FORD wa.s liable for the fine assessed. greatly reduce the penalties shortly before In the event the employer does contest the trial. This reluctance tends to substantiate OF MICHIGAN citation within the 15-day period, the issue the claim that the government is waiting for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is heard by an examiner at the Occupational a case with highly charged emotional over­ Wednesday, September 12, 1973 Safety and Health Review Commission. Ac­ tones before allowing the constitutionality cording to the Commission, 1,610 such cases issue to be tested in a court of law. Mr. WILLIAM D. FORD. Mr. Speaker, were reviewed at this level during calendar It appears that there is more support in the brinksmanship being practiced by year 1972; almost an equal number were re­ the Congress for the amendment of OSHA the Nixon administration in dealing with viewed during the first half of 1973. The ap­ than for its repeal at this time. Over 60 bills the energy crisis has brought us the proximate time from receipt of a case to issu­ have been introduced to revise the Act, while ro ance of a judge's order is 220 days (including only one would repeal it entirely. point of a first great jump into disaster. 60 days waiting time for transcript and That the Occupational Safety and Health That this country is in the midst of an briefs). This in turn becomes a final order Act needs revision is beyond question. Even energy crisis that is both real and tan­ within 30 days, unless one of the three com­ leading union :figures have suggested that it gible should not be news to anyone. missioners directs that it should be reviewed. is unworkable in its present form. Debate last Last winter, homes in the Midwest (This occurs in about 10 per cent of the year over exemption amendments offered to went without heat. Many of last year's cases, and takes about 240 additional days.) the Labor-HEW appropriations bill found crops were lost or spoiled, due to the lack Only after completing the foregoing pro­ even some of the strongest advocates of the of propane for drying ovens. This past cedure can an employer take the matter into Act admitting certain deficiencies. court. Even then, however, the provision for Numerous bills have been introduced in summer saw filling stations being put on judicial review is sharply limited. No trial by the House and in the Senate to accomplish short rations of gasoline and then closing jury is provided; the court does not conduct needed revisions. Sen. Curtis has introduced down when their allotment ran out. And a trial de novo but confines itself to the a revised version of the comprehensive as early as last winter, we were all dis­ record of the Review Commission. No objec­ amendments that he and Rep. Charles Thone cussing the possibility of a fuel shortage tion can be raised which has not been raised (R.-Nebr.) proposed in the last Congress. A this winter. before the Commission ( except in extraordi­ less comprehensive proposal has been intro­ duced by Sen. Peter Dominick (R.-Colo.) to While I cannot argue that the admin­ nary circumstances) and Commission :find­ istration has not recognized the fact that ings of fact are ordinarily conclusive. deal with only those changes which the sen­ Another category of frequent complaint ator feels are absolutely necessary to make we are experiencing a fuel shortage, I do concerns the inapplicability of many of the the Act work. believe it has demonstrated an unforgiv­ standards. The Act provided for promulga­ On the House side, a large number of bills able lack of foresight. Why did not the tion of national consensus standards and have been introduced which seek to amend a President and his esteemed advisors an­ established federal standards. The term "na­ single aspect of the Act, or which provide an ticipate the degree of our present fuel tional consensus standards" refers to those across-the-board exemption to small busi­ crisis and provide a way to deal with it? for which interested parties have reached nessmen. Rep. Ancher Nelson (R.-Minn.) in­ troduced a comprehensive bill which is the The recent actions of the Energy Pol­ substantial agreement after taking into ac­ icy Office, under the leadership of Gov. count divergent views. However, since these Curtis-Thone bill of last year, unrevised. Rep. standards were developed by private orga­ Steve Symms (R.-Idaho) is the author of John Love, have strengthened my con­ nizations in which the small businessman the measure to repeal the Act completely. viction that the administration's han­ had little representation, there was virtually The most comprehensive of the bills make dling of the energy deficiency has been no input by the small businessman in their major alterations in the due process proce­ far from adequate. development. dures of the Act: Under the redrafted Curtis This past Wednesday, September 5, Furthermore, many of the standards were version, the federal OSHA inspectors would no longer function in the dual role of the Energy Policy Office announced in promoted by special interest s ~ore concerned the Federal Register that, due to the with the safety of propert y than with the administrator-prosecutor; the prosecuting health and safety of workers, and were de­ function would be in the office of the U.S. critical shortage of propane, a manda­ veloped as minimum industry standards for attorney general. Where suit is warranted, tory allocation program has been estab­ equipment and systems in which the mem­ the attorney general would institute proceed­ lished and 1 day of public hearings would ber organizations had a monetary interest. ings in the appropriate U.S. District Court, be held on September 7. The total igno­ When they were drafted, they were never in­ which would conduct a trial de novo to deter­ rance of pressing and continuing need for tended to be applied to all business and in­ mine facts and assess penalties. propane fuel shown in the proposed pri­ dustry alike on a nationwide scale. Additional provisions would eliminate orities is shocking. To aid the employer in determining which much of the Act's penal approach by allow­ ing pre-inspection and on-site consultation This obscure notice of 48 hours was of the provisions apply to him, it has been hardly enough time for propane users suggested that for each major segment o! for small businessmen. To further assist the industry a separate publication should be employer in complying, the Secretary of La­ and suppliers to prepare statements and issued containing just the standards apply­ bor would be required to distinguish between arrive in Washington to appear at the ing to that segment. This would eliminate classes of employers, and to determine to hearinr: even though health, safety, jobs, the necessity for reading through all the which class(es) each regulation should apply. and production schedules in several of volumes of adopted standards in an attempt There is widespread support for revising this Nation's vital industries will be to determine just which ones apply. A few the oppressive provisions of OSHA, as evi­ pushed aside without consideration if the such compilations have been prepared, but denced by concern from such organizations OSHA still has a long way to go before such as the Southern States Industrial Council, proposed executive regulations are put "targeted" compilations are available for all the National Association of Wholesaler-Dis­ into effect. It is not possible that any major segments of industry. tributors, the National Electrical Contractors bureaucrat, even minimally informed as Questions have been raised regarding the Association, the National Small Business As­ to the possible consequences to industry constitutionality of procedures authorized sociation, and the Associated General Con­ and business now using most of the pro­ under the Act. Employers urge that the Act tractors of America, Inc. pane needed in this country, could pro­ should be ruled void for vagueness, charging However, unless the support which does ceed in this cavalier and irresponsible that its provisions a.re so ambiguous that em­ exist quickly directs its views toward Con­ way. ployers have no adequate notice of what con­ gress, the effort at revision is likely to fail. duct is proscribed. They are concerned, too, There is already a strong possibility that the Why, when the August 9 statement of that the Act apparently permits unlimited efforts at revision will die in committee. the EPO revealed that a severe problem searches of the employer's premises, and al­ Congress has been dilatory in acting on the exists with propane supplies, did the Of­ lows the searches to be made without a OSHA amendments proposed this year. No fice wait until September 5 to announce show of probable cause and without a war­ hearings have yet been scheduled on any of a hearing for September 7 on the manda­ the more than 60 bills that have been intro­ rant. These concerns were aptly expressed by tory allocation program? Although Gov­ duced, although the appropriate Senate and a Pennsylvania manufacturer who wrote, House subcommittees have indicated that ernor Love defends the short notice with "The Act is vague and imposes penalties consideration may be given sometime dur­ claims that he is acting under emer­ without a hearing. It places the burden of ing this winter. It is imperative then to waste gency provisions, why was the announce­ proof upon an employer. The employer has no time in informing your senators and con­ ment not made in the early part of no right to a hearing except under arbitrary gressmen of your views concerning the de­ August, when they were first aware of the rules of the Commission. The employer has bilitating effect of the Act and the urgent propane crisis? no right to a jury trial. The procedure for need for revision. But my objections are not only limited September 12, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29527 to the extremely short notice of the hear­ through the action of major oil companies, CHARISMA ing. I also dispute the proposed priority which have sharply reduced the supply of home heating oil allotted to both industrial system which excludes industrial users and residential users. The only way to avoid HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI of propane from consideration and have this situation is through prompt and effec­ OF ILLINOIS made my objections known in the form of tive action. We must appeal to you to look a telegram to Governor Love. closely at this situation. We have been told IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I think it essential that the EPO recon­ that this is the direct result of economic con­ Wednesday, September 12, 1973 trols. Surely we are not seeking any action sider its priorities. Curtailing the avail­ Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, my ability of propane to industries will cause which will raise the price of anything, but regulations must apply equally, and if that attention was directed to a very interest­ factory shutdowns all over the country. is where the problem lies, the council must ing and thoughtful column by Dennis General contractors will be forced to dis­ see to it that our residents are not frozen out Wheeler, editor of the Star-Tribune continue winter construction projects of'their homes this winter. publication which serves south suburban because of a lack of heating. But most Cook County in Illinois. importantly, I believe that a lack of pro­ In his column, which appeared in the pane will force many industries to vio­ Star-Tribune of August 23, Mr. Wheeler late major provisions of the Occupa­ IMMEDIATE SOCIAL SECURITY very intrigueingly covered the subject of tional Safety and Health Act. INCREASE NEEDED "Cha1isma." While I understand that the EPO has extended by a week its acceptance period The article follows: for comments on the propane allocation AN EDITORIAL--CHARISMA HON. C. W. BILL YOUNG (By Dennis Wheeler) system, it must also consider a reorder­ OF FLORIDA ing of priority users. I call on my col­ Sometime back there during the 60's the leagues in the Congress to support these IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES word "charisma" got to be a. big thing. Wednesday, September 12, 1973 According to Webster, charisma means "a efforts and to work to prevent another quality of extraordinary spiritual power at­ hastily devised and announced energy Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Speaker, tributed to a person or office capable of conservation policy. I have today sponsored legislation to put eliciting popular support in the direction of into effect immediately the social se­ human affairs." curity cost-of-living increase originally Possibly it's simpler tha.n that. Like: a. scheduled for July 1, 1974. America's 21 person has charisma if he possesses enough CONSUMER VOICES MUST BE million senior citizens need our help now, personal magnetism that people fall back in HEARD awe or rus:1 forward in tribute when that not next year. person appears in public. In July, the House approved a 5.9-per­ I got to wondering the other day about HON. ANGELO D. RONCALLO cent increase in benefits to make up for who, of the people I've seen or met, had OF NEW YORK the inflation of the past fiscal year. At charisma. I further pondered what it was about them that endowed them with IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that time, I favored making the increase effective right away-after all, a "catch­ charisma. Wednesday, September 12, 1973 I finally decided that in my life I've seen up" increase which does not catch up only three people close up who really had it. Mr. RONCALLO of New York. Mr. until a year later is not much good. Others were exciting to meet, but they Speaker, it would be appreciated if the However, proponents of the delay didn't have real charisma. When I was 12, attached statement of Councilman John argued that it was necessary to avoid a for example, I got Stan Musial's autograph S. Davanzo, of the town of North Hemp­ budgetary drain and also to give time at Wrigley field, and wandered on a cloud stead, to the Cost of Living Council may for the social secmity tax to be increased for awhile, but Musial didn't have charisma. to pay for the new outlays. A majority of Neither did Bobby Kennedy when I shook be inserted in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD his hand in 1961. He was too young and too so that I may share these thoughts with the Members of Congress agreed and the much in his brother's shadow to have the my colleagues. effective date of the payment increase charisma he reportedly developed later. The statement fallows: was thus delayed. Ted Williams didn't have it, and neither STATEMENT OF COUNCILMAN JOHN S. DAVANZO Such a delay is no longer supportable. does Hank Aaron, although I certainly hope TO THE COST OF LIVING COUNCIL The Department of Agriculture is now he breaks Babe Ruth's (the Babe had it in The time has come, and indeed is long predicting that food prices alone will in­ spades, they say) home run record. past for the voices of our consumers to be crease at least 20 percent this year. Medi­ Richard Nixon has no charisma, and heard. We in town government have said cal costs and prescription drug prices neither did Harry Truman, while it is re­ time and a.gain that the abrupt skyrocketing continue to soar-and medicare does not ported that Franklin Roosevelt, Dwight. of the cost of food and now many other Eisenhower, and Lyndon Johnson had lots itexns, is unconscionable. For years, the come close to covering all these costs of it. Ainerican housewife has had to contend for our senior citizens. For some of my But in my £xperience-only three. with rising prices, but never in recent mem­ constituents, it has become a harrowing The three are President John F. Kennedy, ory has the suffering been so unequal or so choice between food or medicine. This is Chicago xnachine boss and mayor, Richard great. We vigorously protest this uncon­ a choice that no American should have J . Daley, and golfing millionaire Arnold trolled spiral and must demand some affiirm­ to make. Palmer. ative action from your body. Nearly three out of four Americans I saw Kennedy in person only once. It was We, in local government, have always September, 1960, in Cadillac Square, the tried to help all the people in our communi­ over the age of 65 have annual incomes State and Madison of Detroit. Kennedy was ties solve the problems which afflict them. below $3,000, including 2.5 million per­ there to kick off his campaign for President This is not a partisan concern ... it is a con­ sons with no income at all. The 5.9-per­ in the traditional Democratic party way by cern for the health and welfare of all our cent increase which is pending repre­ making a speech to the holidaying workers residents. It is indeed unfortunate that we sents about $9 a month for the individual on Labor Day. must use this final forum to express the retired worker, raising his monthly bene­ More than 100,000 people were packed into mounting frustration of our residents trying fits to $176. I see nothing inflationary the square. Suddenly waves of motion in the to live within their incomes. The people in about giving these persons an extra $9 crowd began to eddy around a coterie of men our communities must feed and clothe their pushing their way toward a raised speaker's families, and these abrupt spurts in the cost a month, especially when it means they platform. In an instant you could pick out of living are far outpacing the ability of our may be able to eat decent meals again. Kennedy in the middle. Tailored brown suit. wage-earners to keep up. Mr. Speaker, 85 of my colleagues have Shock of youthful brown hair. Mahogany The inescapable conclusion is that these joined with me in calling for an im­ tan. Big smile. Nodding his head at and push­ increases in the cost of living are no longer mediate social security increase. Yester­ ing to meet individual handshakers. simply a manifestation of the rising cost o! day the Senate approved an amendment His speech was no big deal. But the crowd doing business. The Ainerican people are be­ presented by the distinguished Republi­ was captured by the candidate's charisma, ing taken advantage of, and gentlemen, you and it would not have mattered if he had are the ones who can stop it. I appeal to you can Senator from Florida, EDWARD GUR­ gi•,en his talk in Rwahili. to do so· ... and do so quickly. NEY, to make the increase effective now. I met Mayor Daley in his office while I was As if these steep rises in the cost of food In the name of humanity toward our in college. The occasion was a journalism weren't enough, we on Long Island now find senior citizens, I urge the House to take class field trip to Chicago city hall, during that winter will be cold indeed, principally similar swift action. which Daley had agreed to hold a press con- 29528 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 12, 1973 ference 1n his office for the college Journal­ with charisma. seize life and try to take con­ a new form of resistance called "non-violence ists. trol of it. I think they a.re convinced they disobedience". This program included non­ We waited for him in his austere but a.re in control of it most of the time. payment of taxes, refusing to go to British magnificently appointed office. Suddenly, a. When they show anger, a.s Daley did during schools and courts and sometimes defying door burst open a.nd Daley strode briskly into the Democratic Convention of 1968, it's be­ British rule by sitting in the streets. Today the room, followed by several hurrying men. cause control has been temporarily lost. India is the largest democratic country in Very short a.nd stocky. Looking up at ea.ch of When they show sorrow, a.s Kennedy did when Asia. It is the 7th largest country in the us and making warm eye contact as he shook his son died after only a few days of life, world having a population greater than that our hands. Jowls shaking slightly as he talked they shake it and continue to meet life of all the people of Africa and South America in almost funereal tones to each young man head-on. When they show frustration, as put together. Indians speak 14 major lan­ or woman. So quiet you had to strain to hear. Palmer does over his putting almost every guages and over 700 dialects. For hundreds Deep tan. Strikingly well-fitting business time he plays, it's a frustration he throws of years India meant mystery, wealth and suit. off in his haste to get to the next tee to excitement to the people of the Western I remember not a thing discussed in the smash one 300 yards. World. Exotic names like Delhi, Bombay; press conference-the issues were mundane. Since we all wish we could react to life in Madras and Calcutta have conjured up But I remember the hypnotism wielded over these ways, we 'iall willingly into the ranks visions of saris and the Taj Mahal. On August those in the room by the short, stocky ma­ of the followers of such people. 12th, America's Indian Indians will share chine politician who said "dere" for "there" So it is that Webster is right when he says the fruits of their ancient culture with other and "doze" for "those." someone with charisma is "capable of elicit­ Americans at their Independence Day Cele­ In June of this year, we sat behind the ing popular support in the direction of hu­ brations. fourth green at Midlothian country club man affairs." watching threesomes of professional golfers play through. Then up at the dogleg there OHIO VALLEY SUMMER THEATER appeared this giant throng of people, march­ ing down along the restraining ropes toward PLAYS TO SOUTHEASTERN the hole. With them, but slightly in front, INDIA INDEPENDENCE DAY OHIOANS came a. strapping, sportshirted individual striding purposefully up the fairway. He stalked past where his last shot had HON. MARIO BIAGGI HON. CLARENCE E. MILLER OF NEW YORK come to rest some 20 yards from the green OF OHIO and walked up to study the green a.nd where IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES he intended to land his next shot. Brow fur­ rowed in concentration. Easy talk with a few Wednesday, September 12, 1973 Wednesday, September 12, 1973 members of the gallery. Slight smile gnawing Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, on August at the corners of his mouth as he recognized Mr. MILLER. Mr. Speaker, while in 15, the great nation of India celebrated southeastern Ohio recently, I had occa­ someone he knew in the crowd. Barely con­ her 26th anniversary as a free demo­ trolled patience while he waited for his play­ sion to meet with the directors and a ing partners to lag up to the green. cratic public. In memory of the occasion number of supporters of the Ohio Valley And then a sweeping motion of triumph there was a special Indian gathering in Summer Theater OVST-which is based a.s he knocked in a. long putt after chipping New York City to celebrate with song, at Athens and draws greatly from the to the green. Modest acknowledgement of the food, and dance. A copy of the program talents and cooperation of Ohio Univer­ giant swell of sound erupting from his will be included at the end of these re­ sity. "army" as the putt dropped. marks. What began 23 years ago as a summer Everyone within hearing distance knew This nation, the largest democratic without asking that Arnold Palmer had just production group offering Athens area played Number Four. republic in Asia, and the seventh largest residents and Ohio University students So what we have is a President of the in the world, deserves a tribute from all adaptations of popular plays and Broad­ United States, born into a kind of American Americans for her great courage and way musicals, has since expanded to the royalty. A Harvard graduate who traveled the diligence in her fight for freedom, not point that this past summer OVST jour­ world. Scholarly a.nd witty and the most only in terms of independence from neyed beyond Athens to present its first powerful man in the world during the early British colonialism, but also in terms of musical drama--Sing Out Sweet Land­ 1960's. assuring every Indian citizenship in a And we have a back of the yards Irishman to grateful 2.udiences in 20 southeastern who struggled up through Chicago's tough democratic society. India's revolutionary Ohio communities. The production was Democratic machine ranks with only the leaders stand high in world history, their also presented to the visitors of five area barest talent in speaking the English lan­ work no less revered than that of our State parks as well as to various State guage. One of the most controversial leaders own great leaders. correctional and mental health institu­ in America. Let us here in America hail India's tions throughout the Ohio Valley. And there is the man who became so anniversary as the Indians themselves The expanded summer production was famous and wealthy playing golf that he do-with the hope of future strength and owns companies, land, and a. Lear Jet. made possible in part with assistance What common denominators can be growth as well as the knowledge that from the Ohio Arts Council and several divided into these three widely divergent Indian democracy shines as one of the State agencies. However, having talked personalities? finest in the world today. at length with the persons responsible What in short, gave them charisma? The program follows: for the success of OVST and having I think the most important factor is in­ INDIA'S 26TH INDEPENDENCE DAY CELEBRATIONS briefly acquainted myself with the his­ tensity. All three, whether in laughter or in About 10,000 of New York's 100,000 Indians tory of the theater, it has become ob­ anger, were very intense people, deeply in­ will celebrate the 26th Anniversary of India's vious to me that its success can be di­ volved in living. None appeared capable of Independence. The celebration will take place truly relaxing. All seemed extremely anxious rectly attributed to its many imaginative on Sunday, August 12, 1973 at 12:00 Noon in pioneers, past and present, who have to get on with things. Public School 139, 93-06 63rd Drive (at Another trait common to the three was Wetherol Street, 3 blocks south of Queens brought the best in dramatic arts and their openness toward people. None were Blvd. at Alexander's) Rego Park, Queens. The theater to southeastern Ohio. guarded, suspicious, or withdrawn. All celebration will be graced by the presence The first offering of OVST in 1951 was seemed anxious to meet people on a personal of the Honorable A. K. Ray, Consul General George Bernard Shaw's commemorative level, not Just for ceremony. When a crowd of India. festival. The season included "Androcles was around-whether the crowd wa.s 100,000 Part of the celebration will be screening and the Lion," ''Candida," "Fanny's First people in Detroit's Cadillac Square or 10 of "Bhuvan Shome" {Bha-von-shom), the young writers in Chica.go's city hall-the Play," and "The Devil's Disciple." Two winner of the President's Gold Medal for the Shaw movies were incorporated into the men strode forward eagerly to meet that Best Feature Film of 1969. Music will be per­ crowd. formed by ancient temple instruments in­ season, "Pygmalion" and "Major Bar­ All three looked you in the eye and seemed cluding the shehnai, sitar, and veena. Paint­ bara." A special bonus play, "Two Blind to be trying to remember you for the future. ings by Indian artists will be on exhibition. Mice," was given by university theater You had the feeling that if you met them in Four or fl ve stalls will serve Indian culinary students at the end of the season. five years, they might recognize you. delicacies such as samosa (Sa-mo-sa), ras­ · That first OVST season generated such Finally, charisma is definable in terms of gulla (Russ-goo-la), rasmalia (Rus-mul-li), enthusiasm locally that venturing into success. Unsuccessful people don't have and tea. charisma, and it is probably also true that India became independent from Great yet another year was a certainty. people with charisma. a.re almost always Britain on August 15, 1947. Its greatest free­ Since that first season, thousands have successful. dom fighter, Mohandas K. Ghandi, spear­ enjoyed the theater's productions. Judg­ The success comes, I think, because people headed the independence movement by using ing from the warm response the cast re- September 12, 1973 EXTENSiONS OF REMAIU(S ceived from southeastern Ohioans wit­ considering lazily whether this or that Sow DANGEROUS SEEDS nessing American history being recap­ ·painting, or leather piece, is worth the It was a minor incident and no far-reach­ asking price. ing conclusions should be drawn from the tured through song and dance of "Sing unfortunate experience of a demonstrator Out Sweet Land" this past summer, the Mark van Doren loved Connecticut, during a presidential visit to Pekin, Ill. theater is bound for continued success. and seeing Connecticut through the eyes First, police and Secret Service agents The fact is, the means for such cultural of the poet, chronicled the comings and made the man take his "Impeach Nixon" input and entertainment has been seri­ goings of our State's people. His words sign off it s pole, then ordered him to remove ously lacking in southeastern Ohio for on the Goshen Fair catch the spirit and it from its plywood backing. decades. OVST has recognized the need the feeling that have captivated genera­ When he gave them an argument, they for a regional theater and it is now put­ tions of fairgoers in Connecticut. arrested him and, according to a wire service For the interest of my colleagues I am report, hustled him around a corner where ting the concept into effect. an officer clamped metal keys over his mouth, I am confident that I speak for all inserting the following poem written by jerking his head back and forcing him to his those who have seen the productions of Mark Van Doren and entitled "Goshen knees. Then he was handcuffed. OVST this past summer in saying that Fair." The poem appeared for the first If it was a case of "police brutality," or future offerings are anxiously awaited. time in print in the August 30 edition of just the use of somewhat more physical We are presently i.n the process of assist­ the Lakeville Journal: force than might have been necessary, it is ing the group with plans to come to GOSHEN FAIR not the first time it has happened in this Washington for a performance and I country, or anywhere else, and won't be the (By Mark Van Doren) last. And after all, presidents have been would like to take this opportunity to September, and the sleeping field known to be assassinated during public ap­ encourage my colleagues in both the U.S. We passed all summer is full of folk : pearances. House of Representatives and U.S. Sen­ The same ones, I think, for nothing Even if we grant this, however, and even ate to join with me in saluting this fine Changes; even the sheep, the chickens, if we dismiss the demonstrator as some sort organization and wishing them continued Even the great horses, even of kook or a troublemaker, there was also success. The resting cows that children doze wit h , the unpleasant sight of a policeman with a Weary against their sides, even rifle shouting from the top of a nearby build­ The small boys high up on tractors, ing: "No pictures!" Steering, even the band blaring­ What would he have done if some news CONNECTICUT FAIRS Nothing is new, nor should be; I photographer had taken a picture-shot Too am the same, and would not alter, him? While I live, the heat of this day, Yes, the demonstrator in Pekin may have HON. ELLA T. GRASSO The din, the dust, and the smell of mustard been a kook, just as drug pushers may be OF CONNECTICUT Where the hot dogs are made, or the whirling "the very vermin of humanity," as Myles J. Horrors beyond the merry-go-round, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Ambrose, a federal drug abuse official, said The exhibits, the pulling oxen, the lost recently in defense of lawmen who have mis­ Wednesday, September 12, 1973 Children-surely these are the same, takenly broken into homes of innocent citi­ Surely all of us are-surely zens and terrorized them on more than one Mrs. GRASSO. Mr. Speaker, Connecti­ The meadow at last has opened its eyes, occasion. cut fairs celebrate Connecticut life. Ac­ The spell is broken, surely the long But we could do worse than recall a state­ tivities at fairgrounds across the State Year's nap is over and done with now. ment attributed to an anti-Nazi martyr provide a variety of styles and interests whose name at one time was well-known in matched only by those of Connecticut, America: itself. "In Germany they first came for the Com­ Our people love their yearly fairs, and AMERICA-LAND OF THE BRAVE munists, and I didn't speak up because I yearly they combine to make their town's AND HOME OF THE FREE, wasn't a Communist. Then they came for the Jews and I didn't speak up because I annual offering the State's best. Some WHETHER LIBERAL OR CONSERV­ wasn't a Jew. Then they came for the trade help with the food or· the drink; others ATIVE unionist s, and I didn't speak up because I with the arts or crafts, the fruits or wasn't a trade unionist. Then they came for vegetables on sale in the fair's pavilion. the Catholics, and I didn't speak up be­ Still others take tickets, park cars, or aid HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. cause I was a Protestant. Then they came in hoisting the tents. OF CALIFORNIA for me-and by that time no one was left to Often, fairs harken back to a time IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES speak up." when life was simpler in Connecticut, For Communists or Jews or trade union­ Wednesday, September 12, 1973 ists, substitute kooks or demonstrators or when the oxen held his place before "vermin" and Pastor Martin Niemoller's the plow. Intense competition fills the Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Speak­ er, after my remarks yesterday in which words strike uncomfort ably close to home air with a tension, as judges slowly cir­ today. cle prize beefers, or oxen owners urge I commented upon what I considered to their huge homed beasts to pull harder, be a relatively uncommon wholehearted harder. agreement between the editors of the On­ SPECIAL ACTION REPORT FROM Added to these agricultural goings-on tario, Calif. Daily Report and me, a mem­ CONGRESSMAN BOB PRICE are the mechanical treats in store for the ber of my staff brought to my attention strong of mind and stomach. Whirring another Daily Report editorial, 2 months coasters, twisters, and loop-a-loops of old, which I had earlier missed. And it appears that we were in complete agree­ HON. ROBERT PRICE every description guarantee to teach a OF TEXAS child the value of fasting from cotton ment on this issue also, namely, the candy before the rides. toleration of dissent and respect for in­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Connecticut fairs bring people to­ dividual liberties which have made this Wednesday, September 12, 1973 gether. In times past, no doubt, they were Nation so unusual and put America in the Mr. PRICE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, it is places to see a friend from the year be­ moral leadership role that we have en­ my policy to publish a periodic report at fore, who lived two or three farms over, joyed since om· beginnings 200 years ago. my own expense to keep my constituents and managed to take time off from milk­ This is an issue upon which free men advised of my activities in their behalf. ing, haying, or the like only once a year. and women of both conservative and lib­ The following is the text of my latest ~owadays, with automobiles, electronic eral political persuasions must unite if we are to remain free from the grasp of action report: milkers, and automatic balers, fairs are COMMONSENSE, NOT CONTROLS, ANSWER TO more likely to be reunions between farm tyrants and monarchists who would play upon the temporary unpopularity of vari­ INFLATION SAYS CONGRESSMAN PRICE and city folk, than farm folk alone. PRICE URGES COST OF LIVING COUNCIL ACTION Mostly, though, Connecticut fairs are ous' groups and opinions for their own purposes. Although this item appeared In various meetings and conversations meant for enjoyment. What better way with Cost of Living Council officials as well to spend a weekend afternoon, than on July 3, I do not believe that a single as in legislation I have introduced in the browsing through a sun-drenched field thought contained in the editorial is out House, I have worked for the repeal of price meeting old friends and making ne~ of date, and I would like to call it to the freeze regulations which threaten to cause ones, partaking of the foods, watching attention of every one of our colleagues. serious shortages in agricultural products the feats of strength in the oxen ring, or The editorial follows: and financial ruin for producers. 29530 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 12, 1973 My office has been working with and assist­ college students this fall who are interested enrolled full time at an approved college, ing individual citizens and businessmen who in the 1974 Congressional Intern program vocational school, technical institution, or have been encountering problems related to a.re invited to write Congressman Price early hospital school of nursing will be eligible for price control regulations. I strongly urge next year. financial assistance through the newly en­ producers to directly contact the Cost of ENERGY CRISIS COULD HAVE BEEN AVERTED, acted Basic Educational Opportunity Grant Living Council, 2000 M St. N.W., Washington, PRICE SAYS program. D .C. 20508, which is prepared to handle in­ Information and application forms can be dividual requests for relief and exemptions Ever since first being elected to the Con­ obtained at local high school counseling of­ from provisions which have created great gress nearly eight years ago, I have warned fices, state employment offices, county agri· hardship or loss. I welcome hearing from any of an impending energy crisis. That crisis is now upon us and has reached the fa.rm cultural extension offices; or write directly citizen facing such problems if my office can to: Ba.sic Grant Program, Box 0, Iowa City, be of assistance in any way. gate affecting the planting and harvesting Iowa 52240. On January 3 of this year, the first day of operations of those who furnish our basic the 93rd Congress, I reintroduced a Consti­ food and fiber supply. I have worked closely tutional Amendment to require the Federal with the Office of Oil a.nd Gas and Depart­ ment of Agriculture to alleviate immediate Government to balance expenditures with INVESTIGATION OF revenues and to dry up the sea of red ink fuel shortages as they have occurred, but to spending which has cut into the buying provide a long term solution, the time has CHiliEAN COUP power of every working American. I believe come for the Congress to enact bills I have the people are fed up with rising taxes and introduced to provide tax credits and incen­ government spending. If our economy is to tives for the development of new oil and HON. JOE MOAKLEY remain in the long run, controls cannot sub­ gas reserves, to deregulate the price of natu­ OF MASSACHUSETTS stitute for a free economy nor can they take ral gas at the well head, to construct the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES trans-Alaska pipeline, and to create a Coun­ the place of self-discipline in fiscal and Wednesday, September 12, 1973 monetary policy. cil on Energy Policy. In addition to my Constitutional Amend­ YOU HAVE FOUR FULL-TIME OFFICES AT YOUR Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I am to­ ment, as part of an overall effort to control SERVICE day introducing legislation to create a inflation and wasteful government spending, If you a.re having a. problem involving the select committee to conduct a study con­ I have thus far this year taken the follow­ federal government, or if you think I can ing actions: assist you in any way, please feel free to cerning possible American involvement Wrote to the President to oppose any in­ write or call my office: in the overthrow of the Chilean Govern­ crease in salaries for Members of Congress or Oongressma.n Bob Price, 430 Cannon Build­ ment of President Salvador Allende as other government officials; ing, Washington, D.C. 20515. Phone (202) well as the President's death. Successfully supported legislation to pro­ 225-3706. Those who know me, are certainly hibit costly food stamps to strikers engaged Or for your convenience. you may prefer aware that I have never been particu­ in a labor dispute and an "escalator clause" to contact my closest district office: larly enthusiastic about President Al­ for food stamp benefits; 310 Post Office Bldg., Amarillo, Texas lende's politics but we are dealing here Secured approval of my amendment to 79105. (806) 376-5151, Ext. 2381. prohibit any foreign aid to North Vietnam 208 Post Office Bldg., Wichita Falls, Texas with a moral question which goes far be­ under the Food for Peace program; 76301. (817} 767-0541. yond labels such as "left" or "right." Voted against any increase in the national Rm. 7 Post Office Bldg., Pampa, Texas We are dealing with the death of a debt ceiling; and 79065. (806) 665-~2351. chief of state and, with it, the death of Opposed legislation to increase the mini­ ZACK FISHER JOINS STAFF • South America's most stable democracy. mum wage to $2.20 per hour. To better assist me in serving the sprawl­ And we are dealing with the suspicion ing new 13th District, I have appointed Zack that none of us here can truly escape BUSINESSMEN-FEDERAL PROCUREMENT B. Fisher to head my Wichita Falls office. As that this violent episode could have been CONFERENCES HELD a farmer-rancher and businessman from financed by unscrupulous private inter­ COAL! BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES AND MORE JOBS Memphis and Gruver and former agricultural ests in this country. This year I again sponsored with the assist­ advisor to Senator Tower, Zack is familiar It is a matter of public record, in con­ ance of local business and civic leaders and with the problems and concerns of our area, the U.S. Departments of Commerce and De­ and will travel periodically throughout the gressional testimony, that ITT offered fense two conferences for area. businessmen District to hold Town Hall meetings and funds to the Central Intelligence Agency to discuss opportunities for selling their bring my office closer to you and your neigh­ to finance the overthrow of the Allende products and services to the Federal Govern­ bors. Zack is married and the father of two government. In light of this I think we ment, the world's largest consumer. children. have a responsibility to our own country The all-day conferences held August 13 at THANKS and our neighbors in this hemisphere to the Holiday Inn West in Amarillo and August DEAR FRIEND: Just a brief note to thank determine how strongly the shadow of 15 at Midwestern University brought to­ each of you for the many cards and letters American involvement falls today upon gether local citizens and experts from over which I received as a result of my illness the bloodied streets of Santiago. a dozen different Federal agencies and several earlier this year. large private prime contractor corporations My recovery has been excellent and I am The text of the resolution I am intro­ to explore new marketing and job opportuni­ again working full time on the issues and ducing follows: ties for the people of the 13th District. problems facing our District and our Nation. H. RES. 542 PRICE SERVES ON TWO MAJOR COMMITTEES I look forward to keeping in touch with you Resolution creating a Select Committee to Because of my seniority in the 93rd Con­ in the weeks and months a.head and appreci­ conduct a study concerning possible gress, I have been appointed to serve on two ate your continued interest in my work in the American involvement in the overthrow of instead of one major House Committees­ Congress. It is a real privilege to serve you. the Chilean government of President Salva­ Agriculture and Armed Services. As a lifelong Sincerely, dor Allende in September, 1973, and in the rancher myself and in light of the important BOB PRICE, death of President Allende role of agriculture in our District, I felt it Member of Congress. Resolved, That there is hereby created a necessary to retain my seat on the Agricul­ QUOTE WORTH QUOTING select committee to be composed of nine ture Committee. And as a. Veteran jet fighter "We have a great deal to be thankful for as Members of the House of Representatives to pilot and firm advocate of a. strong national Americans. We are the best-clothed, best­ be appointed by the Speaker, one of whom defense my presence on the powerful Armed fed, best-housed people in the world; we are he shall designate as chairman. Not more Services Committee will assure that the the envy of every nation in that respect. This than five members shall be appointed from people of the 13th District will have a voice year, for the first time in 12 years, we are the same political party. Any vacancy oc­ on this important issue, including decisions at peace in Vietnam and our courageous pris­ curring in the membership of the commit­ affecting Sheppard Air Force Base at Wichita. oners of war have returned to their homes. tee shall be filled in the same manner in Falls. This year, for the first time in a generation, which the original appointment was made. PERRYTON YOUTH NAMED INTERN no American is being drafted into the armed The committee is authorized and directed to conduct a full and complete investigation Debbie Rylee, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. forces. This year, we find our prospects brighter than at any time in the modern era a.nd study of the possible involvement of the Ray Gene Rylee of Perryton, has been ap­ Central Intelligence Agency, any other execu­ pointed by Congressman Price to serve in his for a la.sting peace and for the abundant tive agency (as defined in section 105 of title office this summer as a. Congressional Intern. prosperity such a peace can make possi­ 5 of the United sta.,tes Code) , a,nd any cor­ Miss Rylee ls a graduate of Perryton High ble."-President Nixon poration incorporated in any State of the School and second year student at South­ JUNE 13, 1973. United States (1) in the overthrow of the western State College 1n Weatherford, Okla­ FINANCIAL AID AVAILABLE FOR STUDENTS government of Chile under President Salva­ homa. This year first year post-secondary stu­ dor Allende in September, 1973, and (2) in 13th District residents enrolled as full time dents with a proven financial need who are the death of President Allende. September 1'2, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29531

For the purpose of carrying out this resolu­ MAGNETISM AS A POWER. SOURCE Cut a. 1" square from an iron (tin) can for tion the committee, or any subcommittee There is plenty of energy in each (PM) per­ a shield and put thin cardboard - on each thereof authorized by the committee to hold manent magnet's field and we can tap it. side of the shield. Get a 7/ 16" diameter ball hearings, is authorized to sit a.nd act during If you can't comprehend this description of bearing. Get two % " diameter by 3/ 16" the present Congress at such times and places this new scientific principle, then for 8 cents thick (PM) permanent magnets, part within the United States, including any and some scrounging you can build a device #40820 at 4¢ each from Edmund Scientific, Commonwealth or possession thereof, that demonstrates this new discovery which Barrington, NJ 08007. whether the House is in session, has recessed, will provide the solution to our energy, pollu­ Magnets repel much further than they or ha.s adjourned, to hold such hearings, and tion, dollar and Middle East Crises. attract either vertically or horizontally. Bear­ to require, by subpena or otherwise, the at­ Once you see the scientific basis of the ing is attracted almost as much as another tendance and testimony of such witnesses device, there are thousands of ways to mech­ PM. Two PMs on each side of a shield, regard­ and the production of such books, records, anize it, using variations of well-known less of polarity, stick to the shield. Substitute correspondence, memorandums, papers, and technology. Herein lies the problem: There a (TM) temporary magnet for a PM and it documents, as it deems necessary (including is an optimum design and we need to find sticks much less. the production of any matter required by the best design in the shortest time. Thus Tape the PMs to cardboard 1 " apart. statute or executive order to be kept secret the more people who know, the sooner we Place bearing between PMs. Slide shield be­ in the interest of the national defense or get the best solution, so I will ask Repre­ tween bearing and PM and bearing will be foreign policy). Subpenas may be issued un­ sentative Joel T. Broyhill to print this letter attracted to other PM, if not, put more card­ der the signature of the chairman of the in the Congressional Record so all Americans board on shield. Repeat at other PM. Back committee or any member of the committee can be informed and help in a timely and forth motion is easily converted to cir­ designated by him, and may be served by any solution. cular motion. To automate shields compress person designated by such chairman or mem­ Cut a 1" square from an iron (tin) can springs before shield is inserted so you can ber. for a shield and put thin cardboard on each store extra energy to automate the shields. The committee shall report to the House side of the shield; find a 7/ 16" diameter ball Iron gathers magnetic lines of force tightly as soon as practicable during the present bearing, get two 1/ 2" diameter by 3/ 16" together so little, if any, of a PM's field gets Congress the results of its investigation and thick PMs, part #40820 at 4 cents from beyond a. shield. Shields and bearings are study, together with such recommendations Edmund Scientific, Barrington, N.J. 08007. TMs which can only be attracted. as it deems advisable. Any such report which Tape the PMs to cardboard 1 ' ' apart. Place F=m'm/ urr, m' = TM and m = PM. The is made when the House is not in session bearing between PMs. Slide shield between (PE) potential energy of m' is changed when shall be filed with the Clerk of the House. bearing and PM and bearing will be attracted the shield is inserted and changes (u) per­ to other PM. If not, put more cardboard on meability of the air between the TM and the shield. Repeat. Back and forth motion PM. Any change in PE means work has or MAGNETISM AS A POWER SOURCE is easily converted to circular motion. To can be done. A 15 lb PM attracts 350 lbs and automate shields, have bearing compress this device has 4 times the power strokes of springs before shield is inserted so you can a 4 cycle engine so car, generator and other HON. JOEL T. BROYHILL - store extra energy to automate shields. Mag­ pri.me movers of the -future will be smaller OF vmGINIA nets repel much further than they attract and lighter and use no fuel. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (try this before taping). Iron gathers mag- After you build or see the 25¢ device so Wednesday, Septer,_iber 12, 1973 netic lines of force tightly together so little, you believe the scientific basis of a PM if any, of a PM's field get s beyond a shield. prime mover you will ask, why should auto­ Mr. BROYHILL of Virginia. Mr. Shields and bearing are (TM) temporary mating the shields require very little energy? Speaker, my -constituent, Mr. John W. magnets which can only be attracted. Bearing The shields can be on a common arm or Ecklin of Arlington, Va., has invented a · is attracted almost as much as another PM. shaft, each magnet must be alternately shielded so pulling a shield from one is aided small, simple-to-build device, which he F equals m'm/ urr, m equals PM and m ' by the other magnet attracting a shield in believes may lead to the use of mag- equals TM. The (PE) potential energy of front of it. The magnetic Jorces, are normal , netism as a source· of power~. - m' is CHANGED when shield is inserted and to the reciprocating mass and at right angles A letter from Mr. E<;klin to the editor- changes (u) permeability of the air between the TM and PM. ANY CHANGE in PE means to the shields which means the shields oper-. of the Rosslyn Review, printed on Au- work has or can be done. Since a 15 lb. PM ate with conservative or no work forces. If gust 16, 1973, entitled "Magnetism as a· attracts 350 lbs. and this device has 4 times the magnets are equal we should only have Power Source," explains liis theory, as ~he power stroke of a 4-cycle engine, car to make up for friction losses to rotate the does a letter he wrote on August 16 to engines of the -future will be smaller and shields if we believe in Newtonian mechanics. the editor, "The Physics Teacher." lighter and use no fuel. Sincerely, · As I believe Mr. Ecklin's theory will be These same prime movers can turn a gen- JOHN W . ECKLIN. of interest to many who are now engaged era.tor to heat your home, light your lights in attempts to solve the problem of power and run your power appliances. we thus al.:;o shortages, I insert both letters at this get rid of light poles and leaky gas lines. point in the RECORD: The scientific basis of these prime movers INTRODUCTION OF A CONCURRENT RESOLUTION ON GUAM'S POLIT­ LETTER TO EDITOR i,s very simple if we but pause and think. lt ICAL STATUS ARLINGTON, VA., August 10, 1973. is so simple that it has been overlooked. Mr. JOHN JACOBS, · Magnetism can be induced in magnetic Editor, Rosslyn Review material in two ways to make temporary Arlington, Va. magnets out of this material: HON. ANTONIO BORJA WON PAT DEAR MR. JACOBS: When I picked up your 1. The material is within the field of a OF GUAM Aug. 9 issue I was really amazed that you permanent magnet. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES printed my letter of July 20, 1973 and Atten­ 2. The material is near a straight wire or tion Physicists and Engineers! ! ! ! Please Read within a coiled wire which is conducting Wednesday, September 12, 1973 This. current. Mr. WON PAT. Mr. Speaker, I am in­ Someday the whole world will thank you An induced temporary magnet of the first as I have not been able to get any of the troducing today a concurrent resolution mass media interested and this includes type can only be attracted. Two permanent magnets on both sides of which asks the support of Congress for technical publications. Guam's efforts to review its present po­ Your headline was very perceptive as en­ a shield always stick to a. shield but a tem­ gineers, once they build the simple model, porary magnet NEED NOT. litical status tt.rough a duly constituted will solve all of the problems associated Constitutional Convention which will with the shields, using known technology. present its finding to the Congress for I believe this is too long to get into the ARLINGTON, VA., August 16, 1973. appropriate action.· Congressional Record. If you could print the enclosed, and this letter, then Congressman The EDITOR, At stake are the political aspirations Joel T. Broyhlll could enter it so the whole The Physics Teacher, Physics Department, of the American people of Guam and country would know. SUNY, Stony Brook, N.Y. their efforts to solidify their ties with LETTER TO THE EDITOR: Because a basic law There is an optimum engineering design their fell ow Americans in the States. As of physics can be proven wrong with a de­ and the more people thinking on this prob­ Americans, we are simply seeking con­ lem the sooner it will be solved. vice that can be built in 10 minutes for 25¢ Sincerely, I challenge every instructor and professor to gressional recognition of our efforts to improve our political status, an action JOHN W. ECKLIN. build one and discuss it in class or every P.S.-Not only is the enclosed much short­ student to take one to class as textbooks which is in keeping with the American er and simpler but it gives a better descrip­ can not be rewritten soon enough to be o! system and the statutory obligations of tion of how to build a small model. value to this year's students. the United States to the people of Guam. 29532 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 12, 1973 If passed, this measure would impose no QUESTIONNAffiE FROM THE SEV­ ( 1) In trying to strike the best balance in ENTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT the way the government spends your money, other obligation on the Congress, nor on which of the following do you feel we would passage of my resolution infer OF WISCONSIN should be spending more money, less money that the territory is asking for state­ or about the same? hood. During the 75 ye:.:-s since Guam came HON. DAVID R. OBEY [In percent) under the American flag in 1898, it has OF WISCONSIN More Less Same been our unswerving goal to develop IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES closer ties with this great Nation. Con­ gress, in 1950, granted us an Organic Wednesday, September 12, 1973 Defense ______6 62 32 Education ______38 12 50 Act which established Guam as an un­ Mr. OBEY. Mr. Speaker, during Au­ Energy ______--- 52 10 38 incorporr...ted territory of the United gust, as I have done many times in the Farm ______------38 33 29 States, brought into being the American Foreign aid ______2 86 12 past, I distributed a questionnaire on Health ______62 2 36 tripartite governmental structure for the matters facing the Congress to every Law enforcement______54 6 40 island, and bestowed upon the people of home in Wisconsin's Seventh Congres­ Pollution ______------47 8 45 Poverty ______------35 30 35 Guam the cherished privilege of Amer­ sional District. Social security ______50 9 41 ican citizenship. Since that time, Con­ Although a few of these questionnaires Space ______2 78 20 gress has also approved an elective Gov­ are still being returned to my office daily, Transportation ______------39 21 40 ernor position for the territory and, my staff has tabulated the results of more last year, passed legislation authorizing than 15,000 responses. I think these re­ (2) Congress has passed and the President Guam to elect its own nonvoting Dele­ sults may be of interest to other Mem­ has signed a law cutting off all funds for bombing Cambodia as of August 15, 1973. If gate to the House of Representatives. bers of the House of Representatives. the President asks for an extension of that For its historically unparalleled will­ In summary, the residents of the Sev­ dead.line, should Congress give it to him? ingness to extend the principles of de­ enth Congressional District who re­ Yes 14%; no 72%; unsure 14%. mocracy to the inhabitants of an island sponded indicated overwhelming support (3) Which of the following factors do you 6,500 miles from the shores of mainland for shifting the emphasis on the spend­ feel a.re responsible for causing shortages of America, this country has earned the ing of Federal dollars from space, for­ energy? heartfelt devotion and loyalty of the peo­ eign aid, and the defense budget to [In percent) ple of Guam, and the frank admiration programs filling domestic needs; 62 per­ of our fell ow islanders in other parts of cent wanted more dollars for health, 54 Un- the Pacific. percent wanted more for law enforce­ Yes No sure In 1969, Guam held a Constitutional ment, 52 percent asked for more energy Convention to explore our future politi­ research, and 50 percent wanted more for Too few tax incentives to major oil com- panies7 ___ ------____ ------___ - 15 59 26 cal goals. Although we learned many social security, 86 percent wanted less Lack of real competition between major oil things from that exercise, the Conven­ spent on foreign aid, 78 percent less on companies? ______------______.; 63 18 19 tion, unfortunately, lacked the sanction space programs, and 62 percent less on Too much pressure from environmen- talists? ------~ 26 37 37 of Congress. . defense. Only 6 percent wanted more for Too little concern for energy conservation? __ 69 9 22 More recent developments, such as the A quota system which has restricted oil defense. imports? ______· 44 19 37 current status talks between the United Concerning Watergate, 54 percent of Insufficient funds for research on solar, States and the residents of the Pacific the respondents said they thought that geothermal, and other alternative sources Trust Territory, have again brought to the President knew about or participated of energy? __ ------_____ .; 40 24 36 the fore the matter of Guam's future in the planning of the episodes that led political status. This, coupled with the to the Watergate scandai and 71 per­ (4) Do you favor: (check one) Construction of the trans-Alaskan pipe­ continued allegations by the United Na­ cent indicated that they believe the Presi­ line which would pipe oil to Southern Alaska ·tions Subcommittee on Decolonization dent knew about or participated in the for shipment to the West coast by tanker? that the United States is failing to pro­ coverup of the various Watergate epi­ 43% mote and encourage the political devel­ sodes. Forty-two percent indicated sup­ A six-month study to determine the pos­ opment of Guam, has led the 12th Guam port for impeachment of President Nixon sibility of piping oil to the Midwest by con­ Legislature and the Governor of Guam and another 17 percent said a congres­ structing a cross-Canadian pipeline? 57% to establish within their own branches, sional resolution to censure is justified. (5) Polls have been conducted to deter­ several months ago, a political status Twenty percent said no congressional ac­ mine national public opinion on Watergate. unit. The Commission is charged with re­ tion is justified and 21 percent said it is This could be a very serious question facing me if an impeachment resolution ls eventu­ viewing all matters which have a bear­ still too early to tell. ally filed in the House, and I would like to ing on the present and future relations While 18 percent listed "Watergate and have the specific opinions of the people I between the Federal Government and the Government corruption" as the Govern­ represent in Northern Wisconsin on the people of Guam. ment problem bothering them the most-­ Watergate scandal. Whatever the results of these findings, a number that placed second only to Do you think the President knew about or I assure all of my colleagues that Guam "taxes" at 19 percent---a combination participated in the planning of any of the will continue to cherish its close ties with of economic problems was mentioned by episodes that led to the Watergate Scandal? our fellow Americans. far the most in this category, 47 percent Yes 54%, No 34%, unsure 12%. We, the American citizens of Guam, do Do you think that the President knew mentioned economic issues such as infla­ about or participated in the coverup of the not seek a path which would alienate us tion, medical and food costs, Federal various Watergate episodes? Yes 71 %, no from the relationship we have labored so spending and unemployment as their 16%, unsure 13%. hard and long to develop. Rather, we "No. 1" concern. Based upon the opinions you expressed seek to establish our own goals with re­ Overall, 72 percent considered the above, do you believe: (check one) gard to our internal affairs and our con­ President's handling of the economy Percent tinuing relations with the Federal Gov­ "poor," 17 percent termed it "average," 8 Impeachment is justified? ______42 ernment, within the framework of the percent "good" and only 3 percent "ex­ A resolution to censure is justified? _____ 17 Federal Constitution. No Congressional action is justified?_ ___ 20 cellent." It is too early to tell?______21 Accordingly, I now submit to this body Resumption of the bombing in Cam­ Which of the following 2 statements do 72 a concurrent resolution asking that Con­ bodia was strongly opposed; percent you believe is true? gress support the wishes of the people of said Congress should not give the Presi­ Watergate is more serious and more wide­ Guam by agreeing to give its serious con­ dent authority to resume the bombing 1f spread than scandals involving previous Ad­ sideration to the future recommenda- he asked for it, 14 percent said "Yes" and ministrations? 68% ' tions of a duly constituted Guam Consti­ 14 percent were unsure. Watergate is no more serious or wide­ I tutional Convention, which shall be rati­ The complete results of the August spread than activities engaged 1n by other fied by popular vote. questionnaire are as follows: Administrations? 32% September 12, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29533 (6) How much influence do you feel each THE REQUIREMENTS OF DETENTE of the Soviet Government. As Sakharov of the following groups has on the decisions has stated, the "Freedom of Emigration made in Washington? Amendment" to the trade bill, being of­ fin percent) HON. CHARLES A. YANIK fered by Chairman Mn.Ls and myself OF OlllO and by Senator JACKSON in the other Great Only Hardly Not IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Chamber, should be accepted. deal some any sure Wednesday, September 12, 1973 Mr. Speaker, I would like to enter in the RECORD at this point an editorial Large corporations ______97 3 1 4 Mr. VANIK. Mr. Speaker, the month of from this morning's Washington Post en­ Large financial institutions_ 77 8 1 14 August was a particularly terrible month titled "The Requirements of Detente." Organized labor______50 38 3 9 for those in the Soviet Union concerned The press ______22 57 7 14 This is a thoughtful editorial on the need Ralph Nader ______9 47 23 21 about the democratization and liberali­ for us in the United States to see some Environmentalists ______- -- 10 52 21 17 zation of their nation. It was a terrible Farmers ___ _------7 24 54 15 "reasonable amount of evidence of posi­ Women's rights groups ____ 3 21 55 21 and depressing month for us in the West­ tive changes." Senior citizens ______0 24 66 10 ern nations who favor a detente with the Average citizen ______1 15 71 13 The editorial follows: Soviet Union. While there have been THE REQUIREMENTS OF DETENTE numerous signs of increasing contact and The very difficult question of what ls to (7) If you live on a. farm or in a commu­ friendliness between the Soviet Union be the substance of Soviet-American "de­ nity of less than 7,500 people, wha.t is the and the West in recent years, within the tente" is passing from a debating phase to worst problem facing your community? Soviet Union, there seem to be growing a political phase. A significant number of Percent signs of a deterioration in human con­ Americans now appear to believe it ls neither cerns. desirable, possible nor safe to improve rela­ Farm Income------13 Increasingly, we in the West who favor tions with the Soviet Union unless the Krem­ Transportation ------5 lin liberalizes some of its domestic policies. Quality of Education ______2 an opening of doors to the East have had to ask ourselves to what kind of govern­ So the National Academy of Sciences has just Ta.xes ------36 conditioned its support of further scientific Inadequate Housing ______1 ment we are extending our hand of Inadequate Health Care ______exchanges on an end to Kremlin harassment 2 friendship. or physicist-libertarian Andrei Sakharov. Inadequate Employment Opportunities_ 36 A few days ago, Andrei Sakharov, one House Ways and Means Chairman Wilbur Others------5 of the leading scientists. intellectuals, Mills (D-Ark.) says he will resist expanded If you live in a community of more than and civil libertarians in the Soviet Union, East-West trade "if the price ls to be paid 7,500 people, what ls the worst problem fac­ said that the West should be on guard in the martyrdom" of Sakharov, Nobel lau­ ing your community? about extending further trade and credit reate Alexander Solzhenitsyn and other noted Percent dissenters. Congressional consent for ex­ advantages to the Soviet Union as long panded trade has already been linked to So­ Urban RenewaL------­ 1 as that society remained a closed and re­ viet consent for freer emigration, especially 3 pressive society. TransportationQuality of Education ------______emigration of Jews. 3 Today's newspapers carry accounts of As the excitement of summitry wore off, Taxes------60 Inadequate Housing ______a curious letter sent to the Nobel Prize people were bound to start examining the 8 staff of detente, the more so as the inflation­ Inadequate Health Ca.re ______6 Committee by Alexander Solzhenitsyn. The wire stories on the letter indicate ary impact of last year's Soviet grain pur­ Inadequate Employment Opportunities_ 13 chases came to be felt. Distracted perhaps Others------6 that this world-famous Soviet writer has criticized one of our Nation's two politi­ by Watergate, Mr. Nixon has given no evi­ (8) Overall, how would you rank the Pres­ dence that he has coped with the issue him­ cal parties and the preoccupation with self, as he should have. For it ls a plain fact ident's handling of the economy? ( circle Watergate matters. But if one reads the one) that, although he made his first-term break­ Percent whole story carefully, it appears that the throughs largely alone and in secret, their letter may well be a disguised warning consolidation requires public support. He Excellent------3 to the United States not to be taken in needs the support of scientists to expand Good ------·------8 by some Communist regimes. The Nobel exchange, and of Congress to broaden trade. Average------17 Meanwhile, the situation on the Soviet side Poor------72 Prize winner, Solzhenitsyn, whose life has not been static. The Soviet government, may be on the line already, has once eager to reap the benefits of detente with­ (9) Please rank 1-2-3 the government again pointed out-as clearly as he problems that a.re bothering you the most. out cost to its domestic grip, has intensified dared-that men are tortured and made its crackdown on dissenters; they in turn Percent to sign ridiculous confessions under some have reached out for foreign support. The Street crime------4 Communist regimes. For the first time in sharper the foreign protests, the more de­ Drug abuse------3 years, the West has just been treated to termined some in the Kremlin become to Energy shortages------1 the circus spectacle of such a trial and ignore them. Those Soviet leaders who had Taxes------19 doubts about detente all along are no doubt "public confession" process. Solzhenitsyn arguing now that the current American Abortion ------1 himself may be brought to such a trial. Inflation ------13 "interference" in Soviet affairs proves their Medical costs______11 It will not be his first experience with original point. Unemployment------1 his country's prison system. Lest we for­ The attitudes of American critics require get what is possible, we should all reread closer scanning. Some Americans who now TheFederal W"S.r spending------______114 Solzhenitsyn's novel of prison life, "The speak for Soviet human rights may well do First Circle." The title of this book is an so because they never "trusted the Russians." Food prices ------11 Others may be making political hay. Still Retirement problems ------3 allusion to Dante's first circle of hell-a others, particularly American Jews, see an Watergate and Government corruption__ 18 type of prison hell in- which so many opportunity and feel an obligation to help of Solzhenitsyn's countrymen passed their co-religionists. Scientists and intellec­ (10) As you know, we hold office hours in through during the Stalinist era. It is each of the 17 counties in the 7th District tuals have an interest in their Soviet coun­ the fear of movement back to this first terparts. Whether or not one sympathizes on a monthly basis so that citizens can per­ circle that concerns the Soviet intellec­ with any of these attitudes, the fact remains sonally tell us a.bout the problems they might that there is a substantial and growing con­ have with the government. Do you think this tuals and those of us in the West who desire true and meaningful detente. stituency which expects political and eco­ service ls worth continuing? nomic progress to be accompanied by prog­ Yes, 66%; no, 7%; unsure, 27%. These recent events raise the most se­ rious questions about what the West ress in opening up Soviet society. It ls a Mr. Speaker, in the questionnaire I also should expect from detente. We cannot fundamental American tenet to equate trust­ asked constituents to tell me how I could worthiness and openness. It ls deeply dis­ settle for just more trade, more profits, turbing that the Kremlin ls not subject to best improve my representation of the better balances of payment, and business the same checks on the arbitrary use of power district. The responses ranged from as usual. Our decisions and actions in the that operate on democratic governments, "You're doing an OK job now" to "I wish next few weeks may be decisive concern­ however imperfectly. It is offensive to find you•d resign, immediately." ing the future direction of the West and the Soviet state denying human values and CXIX--1861-Part 23 29534 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 12, 1973 it cannot avoid raising doubts about how Only last week several of the major 24.4 % favor aid only to South Vietnam. reliable a partner it will be in joint political firms increased per .gaJion cost to the 15.7% favor aid to both South and North and economic enterprises. A form of "inter­ dealers by 1 cent. For an industry that Vietnam. ference" in Soviet affairs is a natural conse­ already operates on a very slim profit 1.1 % favor aid only to North Vietnam. quence of this concern. But our own self­ On amnesty for draft deserters: interest is involved as well. And that is what margin this is bad enough but, on top of 45.9 % feel draft evaders should face trial. makes the problem so difficult for us. what the Cost of Living Council had al­ 34.7% would grant deserters amnesty in Secretary of State-designate Henry Kis­ ready done, this was the final straw. ret urn for 2 or more years of public service. singer last Friday pronounced himself per­ Phase IV stipulates that service sta­ 13% favor unconditional amnesty. sonally "disappointed" and "dismayed" by tions are restricte6 to the per gallon prof­ 6.4% suggest other alternatives, primarily t he recent reports of oppression from Rus­ it they received as of January 10, 1973. "let them stay where they are." sia. "Yet," he went on, "we have as a coun­ It so happens, Mr. Speaker, that many On expanding non-military trade with the try to ask ourselves the question of whether viewers, especially those in Michigan, Soviet Union and mainland China: it should be the principal goal of American 65.5 % are in favor. foreign policy to transform the domestic were engaged in a price war at that time. 26.3 % oppose. structure of societies with which we deal or Profit margins were ridiculously low. It (8.2 % no opinion.) . whether the principal exercise of our foreign is estimated that average profit to stay On wage and price controls: policy should be toward affecting the foreign in business is at least 8 cents a gallon. 37.5 % would expand controls on wages and policy of those societies." This way of posing A fair return in order to operate effi­ prices. the issue is entirely consistent with Dr. Kis­ ciently and effectively is 9 to 11 cents . 24.8 % would eliminate all controls. singer's view that foreign policy is essentially depending upon location and volume of 15.5 % would place controls on prices only. global strategy and that domestic considera­ 11.4% favor voluntary controls, except for tions and pressures should not be allowed to sales. health, construction, and food costs. impinge on it. Moreover, he is surely well · In Michigan, on January 10 profits 10.8 % cite alternate economic policies such positioned to understand the never-absent were as low as 7 cents per gallon. Fur­ as tax reform. risk that the Kremlin majority currently sup­ thermore since retailers can no longer On the performance of the U.S. postal porting a detente policy could crumble. pass through price increases from sup­ service: - The appropriate approach to the issue he pliers, last week's crude oil increase re­ 55.4% feel service has deteriorated in the poses, however, is not merely to caution those duced profits to an unrealistic 6 cents a past two years. concerned with human rights. That is not gallon. 37.6% feel service has remained the same. only questionable politics but questionable 7 % feel service has improved. diplomacy. The appropriate approach ls to go I have urged, and the Michigan con­ In closing voting places throughout the on to caution the Soviet leadership that it is gressional delegation has joined me in Nation simultaneously during national elec­ ~imply not possible to mold the necessary this, that the Cost of Living Council tions: public support for a detente policy in the straighten this mess out by giving own­ . 51.8% support. United States while the Kremlin continues ers a chance to receive a fair and rea­ 31 % oppose. acting as it does with respect to human sonable per gallon profit. Our appeal has (17.2% no opinion.) rights. The real problem, we suspect, is not unfortunately fallen upon deaf ears. On confidence in President Nixon: so much that the Soviet Union practices do­ 56.9 % have less confidence than they did mestic policies repugnant to many Ameri­ The courts have been- petitioned for in 1972. cans. The problem is that at a time of East­ relief and they respond that we, the 32.9 % have the same degree of confidence. West promise when many Americans had Congress, should and must take action. 10.2% have more confidence. · expected a softening effect on Soviet internal · Mr. Speaker; unless we act soon we On abortion: policies, the Kremlin seems to be going back­ are going to have a handful of major 52.7 % favor the Supreme Court decision to wards. It is this sense of disappointment, of oil companies operating all the gasoline allow abortions up to 90 days after concep­ tion. - l;>etrayal, ·which energizes many critics of So­ stations in this country. There is no viet performance on human rights. The rem­ . 28 % would allow abortions for specific med­ ~dy, then, is not a "transformat ion of the telling how high the price of gas will ica~ reasons only. Soviet domestic structure" but some reason­ go without the competition which 160,- 11.2 % would return power to set abortion able amount of evidence of positive changes­ 000 service station operators provide for laws to the States. some movement in the right direction, rather this industry. 8.1 % would outlaw all abortion by Con­ than the other way around. Such evidence All these small businessmen want is stitutional Amendment. would almost certainly loosen the knot now a fair shake and the opportunity to stay On federally-sponsored research on live tightening around certain aspects of Soviet­ in business. They have already had to aborted human fetuses: 47.4 % oppose such research. American detente. President Nixon has no cut back service and payrolls to the bare more compelling piece of international busi­ 38.3% favor. ness than to set the Soviet leadership straight bone. Their backs are up against the (14.3 % no opinion.) on what, as a practical political matter as wall and once they fall you can be sure On construction of the Alaskan oil pipe- well as a question of principle, detente re­ it will be the American public who will line: quires if it ls to achieve a necessary measure suffer the most. 72.2 % favor. ~f support in this country. If anyone should be prevented from 21.1 % oppose. passing on costs it should be the major (6.7% no opinion.) On requiring the President to attain con­ oil companies who tally up their profits gressional approval before committing U.S. DISCRIMINATION AGAINST GASO­ in billions instead of the small operator troops abroad: LINE STATION OPERATORS who has to :fight and scrape just to get 72.4% favor. by. 24.9 % oppose. (2.7% no opinion.) On health insurance: HON. WILLIAM S. BROOMFIELD THIRTY-FffiST DISTRICT QUES­ OF MICHIGAN 62.4% would have the Federal Government TIONNAIRE RESULTS establish a program of health care for all IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Americans. Wednesday, September 12, 1973 31.2% would continue the present system HON. CHARLES H. WILSON of having private companies provide health Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, the OF CALIFORNIA insurance. time is ripe for Congress to do something IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 6.4% would establish a health insurance t,o assist the more than 160,000 gasolin~ program covering only the poor. Wednesday, September 12, 1973 station operators in this country who On gun control: have been forced to the brink of bank­ Mr. CHARLES H. WILSON of Cali­ 66.1 % support registering and licensing handguns in the same manner as automo­ ruptcy as a result of the arbitrary and fornia. Mr. Speaker, in July of this year biles and drivers. discriminatory actions of the Cost of I mailed out an opinion poll to the resi­ 30.7 % oppose. Living Council. dents of my 31st Congressional District. (2.2 % no opinion.) Phase IV regulations allow the major Since this questionnaire covers a wide On rationing gasoline if necessary to com- oil companies to pass through any cost range of topics that are of concern to the ply with Federal air quality standards: increases in domestic crude oil to the Congress, I would like to share the re­ 65.3 % are opposed. gasoline station owner. The major oil sults with my colleagues: 30.4 % favor. companies who have watched their first RESULTS OF QUESTIONNAmE ( 4.3 % no opinion.) half earnings reach record heights are On aid to Vietnam: On a Federal "shield law" to protect news now in a position to dictate economic life 58.8% oppose aid to both South and North reporters from being forced to disclose or death for these small businessmen. Vietnam. sources of confidential information: September 12, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF-REMARKS 29535 64.9% favor. intended to prohibit busing. The Congress be discerned in two pivotal documents which 27 .1 % oppose. has responded by lying low and permitting emerged from the Johnson Administration ( 8 % no opinion.) the usurpation without a fight, with the re­ back in 1966 and 1967-the Coleman Report sult that throughout America the buses are on equality of educational opportunity, and revving up once more to haul their human a report of the U.S. Civil Rights Commisson cargo all over the map. It is a spectacle as ca.lled Racial Isolation in the Schools. Be­ BUSING PROGRAM IS LIBERAL curious a.sit ls appalling. tween them these studies provide the If there were ever an issue on which the Orwellian rationale for busing. RACISM American people have spoken as one, busing The Coleman Report is a.n exhaustive study would appear to be it. Polls have shown the of educational "inputs" which concluded, to public by votes of 70 to 80 percent is op­ the surprise of all and sundry, that differ­ HON. ROBERT J. HUBER posed to busing and wants to maintain the ences in expenditure, pupil-teacher ratios, OF MICHIGAN neighborhood school. President Nixon has and physical facilities have almost no cor­ IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES said he is opposed to busing, as have count­ relation to the quality of educational less members of Congress. All a.cross the land achievement. In particular, the survey found, Wednesday, September 12, 1973 state officials and school boards have vowed there seemed no observable nexus between Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, we hear their hostility to the practice, and those physical measures of "quality" schooling much these days about the renewed de­ who waffle may find themselves removed' and the classroom performance of Negro termination of th'e legislative branch to from office. Just a.bout everyone, it seems, is pupils who entered school with educational reassert its rightful constitutional place opposed to busing. So the question is this: deficits and got further behind in succeeding How come we have busing? years. in the American framework of govern­ The standard answer of federal bureaucrats The conclusion reached was that the Negro ment in relation to the executive branch. and liberal interest groups who have pro­ child was losing the "good" effects of his For too long, we are told, the executive moted busing is that practices of this nature expert schooling when he returned to his dis­ has grown increasingly powerful, in the are required to overcome the effects of his­ advantaged home and neighborhood. What is process usurping the prerogatives of the toric discrimination and to bring a.bout therefore required, on Coleman's analysis, is Congress, and subordinating the legisla­ authenic "integration," allegedly mandated "a more intense reconstruction of the child's tive will before the executive will. by the U.S. Constitution and the nation's own environment" which goes beyond the Yet at the same time these selective civil rights laws. It ls in supposed service matter of non-discriminatory school assign­ to these legal requirements that the courts ment. In particular: "For these children constitutionaJists are strangely silent keep ordering "racial balance" mixes, cross­ whose family and neighborhood a.re educa­ when the topic turns to encroachments county transfers, and avoidance of r~cial tionally disadvantaged, it iS important to by the third coequal branch of govern­ tipping-points. replace this family environment as much as ment-the judiciary-upon the Con- Yet in point of fact such ra.cia.l balance possible by an educational environment---by gress. Despite repeated efforts by this busing ls directly contrary to the law of starting school a.t an early age, and by hav­ body and the Senate to make clear their the land as previously stated by the U.S. ing a school which begins very early in the Congress. day and ends very late." opposition to the mindless forced busing The Civil Rights Act of 1964, which alleg­ of public school students away from In the report of the Civil Rights Commis­ edly gives federal judges judisdiction in such sion, a further point is added, making it clear neighborhood schools in order to equal­ cases, says that "'de-segregation' shall not ize racial balances, the F'ederal courts, mean the assignment of students to public that legal segregation is not in fact the is­ including the U.S. Supreme Court, have schools in order to overcome racial imbal­ sue-that de facto separation of the races by ance." And it further states that " • .• reason of circumstance ls just as objection­ continued without pause to mandate this able as de jure separation created by law. The upon hundreds of local school districts. nothing herein shall empower an official or court of the United States to issue any commission asserted that both should be They have done this both through mis­ order seeking to achieve a racial balance in eliminated because "Negro children suffer construction of laws, and through totally any school by requiring the transportation serious harm when their education takes ignoring the considered judgment of of pupils or students from one school to an­ place in public schools which are racially this body, the elected representatives of other or one school district to another in segregated, whatever the source of such seg­ regation may be." (Italics added.) The com­ the people. order to achieve such racial balance." (Italics I am constantly being asked why we added.) mission therefore recommended that no Busing forces prefer to ignore this lan­ school have higher than 50 per cent black in Congress are not doing more to end enrollment---thereby preventing it from be­ the folly of busing than we have done. guage if at all possible, but when called upon to recognize it, say it was meant to forestall coming predominantly black in character. After all, polls have consistently shown busing only in cases of de facto segregation, In sum, the educationists have convinced overwhelming opposition by 75 to 95 per­ not in cases where segregation has been themselves and apparently some of our fed­ cent of our people to forced school bus­ accomplished by law. In the latter instance, eral judges that Negro children must be ing, as well as opposition by the Presi­ it is argued, the courts may order the dis­ taken out of their homes and neighborhoods dent of the United States. My response criminatory evil. This explanation explains and placed in an "artificial environment" has been, and must continue to be that nothing, however, since the author of the created by government, where they will be language in question, former Rep. William immersed as fully as possible in an altogether Federal court decisions have so strait­ different culture. The objects is to break into jacketed our legitimate legislative dis­ Cramer of Florida, explicitly noted that its goal was to prevent "any balancing of school the Negro family and culture pattern and cretion that no one here knows what attendance by moving students a.cross school remold black children according to guide­ type of effective measures can be taken district lines to level off percentages where lines preferred by middle-class (and pre­ which will not be summarily overruled one race outweighs the other." (Italics dominantly white) social planners who think by our superlegislative judiciary. added.) To prevent. in sum, exactly what they have a commission to tinker around M. Stanton Evans, editor of the In­ has been ordered by federal courts all over with the psychic makeup of the human dianapolis Star, has expressed the America. species. Nor is the '64 Civil Rights Act the only Busing ls essential to this enterprise. It thoughts of many of us on this subject involves long periods of transportation which very well in the following article from such manifestation of congressional intent. Over the past eight yea.rs Congress has ex­ maximize the amount of time a child is Human Events: pressed its wish that the busing cease and a.way from his home and parents, and it takes BUSING PROGRAM Is LIBERAL RACISM desist, that federal funds should not be him to a. distant school where his parents (By M. Stanton Evans) used to promote busing, and that a mora­ in many cases can have little knowledge of As somebody or other was remarking about torium be imposed on court-ordered busing what is occurring, can exert zero influence six months ago before the Watergate scandal plans. The judicial busers have treated these in the school's official performance and would engulfed the known world and blotted all enactments with impartial contempt, and feel constrained from doing so even if they other issues from the human consciousness, gone right ahead to cram the practice of could physically reach the school. At the it might be a good idea if the U.S. Congress busing down the unwilling throats o! the same time the busing is required to shuffle got 011' its tall and did something effective American people. Our supposedly resurgent the students around so that no school be­ to halt the busing of America's school national legislature has met the challenge by comes predominantly Negro--which would children. looking the other way, gawking over Water­ re-immerse the student in the self-same The notion of getting the busing stopped gate, and attending to the serious matter of culture he is supposed to be escaping. was commendable when first suggested and doing in Cambodia. Against that background it is apparent it is equally plausible today. Nothing much If the "law of the land" does not compel that nearly all the discussion which sur­ has changed in the interim--except for the busing, what does? The answer may be dis­ rounds this issue ls off the point. All that worse. The courts have continued to rule cerned in the more esoteric literature of the argument about de jure and de facto segre­ on the matter exactly as they please, handing educationist fraternity, some aspects of gation ls essentially phony, since the object down "racial balance" orders which on their which have been rehearsed In previous con­ ls to prevent the schools from becoming black face are blatant reversals of statutory law tributions to this space. It may in particular in character for whatever reason. 29536 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 12, 1973 The busers are not in fact trying to enforce era.ck the monster, stop the rolling and re­ temi wrote a guest editorial in the Jersey the manda..te of the Constitution, uphold the veal the snowball's small, dirty core. Journal on why phase III of the adminis­ laws of Congress, or even to provide non­ Proving the President innocent would be discriminatory schooling. What they are try­ the opposite of what the investigators a.re tration's economic program was a flop. ing to do is manufacture black children seeking. The senators who initiated the tele­ This editorial was followed by another into imitation white children by steeping vised hearings sought them as a "Get Nixon" one on August 16 on "The Fourth Flop." them in white society, and in pursuit of that tool. Much of the committee's questioning By juxtaposing these two articles, one obsession they have set themselves to evade has revealed this. can gain a better appreciation of why the intent of Congress when and wherever Although the senators are giving such the administration's economic policies they can. witnesses as John Dean the exact question have failed and will continue to fail so Congress has the necessary tools with they want in order to have revenge on the long as the symptoms of inflation are which to combat this obsession if it will man who fired them, the senators might be use them: A bill to remove the subject of doing the President a favor. treated rather than the causes. schooling from the appellate jurisdiction of The hearings have revealed nothing ex­ In another article written for the Ber­ the federal courts, and a. constitutional cept the extent to which partisan and ideol­ gen Record on August 10, Dr. Fatemi amendment to forbid assignment of pupils ogical politics can go. discussed United States-Japan relations. to one school or another on the basis of their The hearings have no legal function. In Quite appropriately, he argues that the race. fact, they jeopardize the judicial system's United States has spent close to $100 If our liberal brethren who have been fairness, and thus its ability to bring justice. billion on military, economic, financial talking a.bout the integrity of the legislature The hearings are grandstanding, master­ really mean it, they can prove the point by fully led by the prototype pompous senator, aid, and investment in Japan for the reasserting the will of Congress and bring­ Sam Ervin, with able assistance from such past 20 years, and Japan should assume ing this social engineering horror to a halt. screamers as Lowell Weicker. her own defense burden to help the Some people are deceived. Some people United States in her present economic believe John Dean to be a brave, truthful difficulties. At the present time, Japan man. But he is, by his own admission, a has more reserves than the United SNOWBALL AND STUMP liar, thief and self-seeker. His testimony, in­ States, so there is no question that our cluding such "expert" statements as "I could tell by the tone of his voice ... ," "I thought Asian ally can assume her own defense he would have known since I told Ehrlich­ burden. The same holds true for West HON. LARRY WINN, JR. Germany, which currently holds reserves OF KANSAS man to tell Haldeman to tell him ..." and "I heard a rumor that ... ,'' a.re useless. almost three times greater than the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES While some are amazed or think little United States. Wednesday, September 12, 1973 a.bout the witnesses' on-the-stand memory, Mr. Speaker, the three excellent arti­ the remembering of such exact, minute de­ cles by Professor Fatemi follow: Mr. WINN. Mr. Speaker, the Water­ tails as are testified to leads others to believe gate incident has led to a great many the stories are well-rehearsed lies. [From the Jersey Journal, April 5, 1973] revelations about our political and gov­ In short, the American people see two PHASE III A FLOP ernmental processes. The subsequent in­ things. First, politics is dirty, with Joe Mc­ (By Nasrollah S. Fatemi) vestigations have uncovered a great deal Carthy-like witch hunts crammed down the (NoTE.-In keeping with its policy of pre­ of dirt and wrong-doing, but I think the nation's collective throat by the electronic senting all sides of public questions, The comments and questions posed by Eric media. Second, with lying, cheating people Jersey Journal from time to time prints visit­ like John Dean in government, it is no won­ ing editorials written by qualified persons on Meyer, a student at the University of der Waterga.tes develop. specific subjects. Today's editorial is by Dr. Kansas, deserve attention from all It is clear that the American people must Nasrollah S. Fatemi, director of the Gradu­ Members of Congress. choose who they will believe. ate Institute of International Studies at Fair­ I submit the following article from the Will they believe the only witness against leigh Dickinson University.) University Daily Kansan, the student the President? Will they believe this fl.red On Jan. 17, 1973, it was stated here that the newspaper at Kansas University, to my young lawyer who, after he broke many laws, end of price and wage controls was "the pleaded like a coward for immunity? Will wrong step at the wrong time." colleagues for consideration: they believe this man who obviously is work­ Now, three months after the end of Phase SNOWBALL AND STUMP ing in conjunction with the political op­ II, President Nixon is forced to freeze the (By Eric Meyer) ponents of the President? price of meat, and three months hence, he "Did Gordon's boss really tell him to do Or will they believe the man who ended will be compelled to declare a total freeze on that? Or was it those two suspicious Krauts, the war in Vietnam, the man who brought all prices and wages. Unfortunately, as usual, Bob and John? And how much did kindly East and West together? this step is too little and too late. During the old Papa Dick know about the affair? Tune More importantly, will Watergate paralyze pa.st three months the prices of meat, fish, in next week for the exciting continuing our government? America cannot enjoy the and fowl, has increased close to 20 per cent. story of ...." luxury of political sniping by Ervin and his This half-hearted policy is responsible for The Watergate hearings replaced televi­ gang in this time of foreign and domestic the pessimism on the United States' economic sion's soap operas in more than one way. crises. prospects as reflected in the stock market The hearings became a national pastime-a and the international monetary system. A cross between "Secret Storm" and "Perry study by Manufacturers Hanover Trust finds Mason," not to mention "To Tell the Truth," A PROFESSOR'S VIEWS ON NA­ fear and mistrust throughout the country in "I've Got a Secret," "Who Do You Trust" TIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL AF­ the midst of one of the strongest periods of and others. FAffiS economic expansion in the history of any Now, the Watergate hearings are in re­ nation. cess. And, hopefully, America. will reflect on What are these fears and how valid is the the events of the past year. reasoning underlying them? No one can deny that Watergate has had HON. HENRY HELSTOSKI 1-The most important cause of this con­ great impact on the nation. But the nation OF NEW JERSEY cern is a renascent inflation. Since then the should remember exactly what it's all about. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Administration's policy of abandonment of The whole investigation centers on a two­ controls has created an unprecedented rise in bit burglary and fruitless eavesdropping at­ Wednesday, September 12, 1973 food prices and demands for higher wages, tempt by a handful of minor bureaucrats Mr. HELSTOSKI. Mr. Speaker, I al­ ca.using the stock selloff. and their friends. The administration did Whatever the intentions of the policy­ ways find it enlightening to read the makers and planners in Washington have not okay the plan. Someone, however, did views of a distinguished professor of na­ try to hide the burglary. been, the end of Phase II has caused consid­ What resulted was a snowball. When a tional and international affairs. erable damage. The 12 per cent annual rate minor official lied, his superiors, in absence of Prof. Nasrollah S. Fatemi, dean of the of increase for industrial commodities prices truth or in fear of consequences, consciously Graduate Institute of International in the February wholesale price index no or otherwise told more lies to cover the first Studies at Fairleigh Dickinson University doubt reflected in a large part the assump­ one. in New Jersey, does not confine himself tion that the Administration has lost its way As the snowball rolled, it grew larger and to academic research· and teaching. On against inflation. larger. Each layer covered the one beneath it. many occasions, Dr. Fatemi shares his Furthermore, the much publicized "club" Finally the snowball reached such enormous never left the closet. This lack of attention proportions that several highranking officials scholarly knowledge with the public by emboldened the farmers and wholesale deal­ were crushed beneath it. And the President writing articles or editorials for the Ber­ ers, the oil companies, landlords, and the himself is now scurrying for cover. gen Record, the Jersey Journal, as well banks, to raise their prices and interests as The Senate hearings may be the stump in as other publications. much as the traffic would bear. the snowball's path-the obstacle that wlll On April 5 of this year, Professor Fa- 2-The second largest trade deficit in Feb- September 12, 1·973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29537 ruary reminds us that, despite two devalua­ They believe that by introducing the highest ruthless feudalism. Japanese scholars and tions of the dollar and many promises and interest rate inflation could be stopped. To statesmen admit that no Japanese govern­ press releases, we are still suffering from a the contrary, high interest rates cause more ment, caught in the web of feudal families great disadvantage vis-a-vis Japan and expenses for the producers and higher prices and vested interests, could have achieved the western Europe. for the consumers. Monetary pressure has present state short of a. bloody revolution. 3-The American public pays no attention become "the girl Friday" of Mr. Burns from The Americans brought to Japan technol­ to the problems of the balance of payments. which he demands performance which can­ ogy, efficient administration, and new ma­ A good example is travel: The total United not deliver under the present circum­ chinery. Unfortunately, the United States States' payment to foreigners for interna­ stances. did not loosen its apron strings in Japan tional travel passenger fares was more than Washington does not understand that early enough. This resulted in a trade and $9 billion, while receipts totaled about $6.2 Phase IV is a hodgepodge of half-controlled, monetary crisis for the United States, and billion. If the 6 million overseas travelers had half-free and cryptic regulations which will has created problems for the future relations used American airlines and services they produce more runaway inflation. Further­ of Japan with her neighbors and the United could have contributed more than $3 billion more, it is devoid of any plan for a purpose­ States. Japan has had rapid internal mod­ to our balance of payments. ful economic policy based on harmony be­ ernization, now has great economic power, 4-Probably a.s important as fear of infla­ tween private domestic consumption, govern­ but has no independent foreign policy or tion, is the fear of "credit crunch" and an ment spending, as well a.s foreign demand participation in the defense of Asia. increase in the interest rate. with production capacity. Ideally, we should have asked Japan to be­ 5-High government spending abroad has After four years the administration has come a partner in our policy in Asia and shown that the administration has not not been able to produce a plan, taking into pay for her own defense. This would have learned any lesson from its past mistakes. consideration inter-relationships among na­ prevented our carrying the burden of the We are still spending $2.2 billion in Indo­ tional financial markets, government spend­ defense and military expenditures, and our China and more than $10 billion on our mili­ ing at home and abroad, the high level of trade with Japan would have been based on tary and foreign aid expenditures all over the liquidity, national priorities, employment reciprocal arrangements. world. factors, productivity, wages and a fair and If Washington had let go the reins in These factors have created a belief at home equitable tax system. Japan, the thrust of the United States in­ and abroad that the political and economic These errors of the past have hurt the tervention in Vietnam might have been planners in Washington are incapable of health strength and growth of the American blunted by overt opposition from one of its putting their internal and external accounts economy. Now the country has reached a key Asian partners. into order. crossroads in respect to economic stabiliza­ To everybody's sorrow our misadventure tion. We must decide either to go down the in Indochina alienated many of our friends {From the Jersey Journal, August 16, 1973] path of leaving the economy alone and let the in Asia and perpetuated a. sense of resent­ ment and frustration in Japan. Now the THE FOURTH FLOP market decide--or introduce regulations and wheel has come full circle. The United (By Nasrollah S. Fatemi) guidance which would help, not hinder, the States, it is hoped, will be out of Indochina (NoTE.-In keeping with its policy of pre­ economic growth, producers and the con­ by August 15 and there may be Asian solu­ senting all sides of public questions, The sumer. tions for Asian problems. Japan, as one of Jersey Journal from time to time prints visit­ the four great powers in Asia, must under­ ing editorials written by qualified persons on [From the Bergen (N.J.) Record, Aug. 10, take an important role. So far, unfortu­ specific subjects. Today's editorial is by Dr. 1973] nately, Japans' partnership has been eco­ Nasrollah S. Fatemi, director of the Graduate JAPAN, REBUILT, MUST Now HELP nomic. This has been very profitable for her Institute of International Studies at Fair­ UNITED STATES a.lone. Now the question of partnership must leigh Dickinson University.) (By Nasrollah S. Fatemi) be extended to defense and support of the For approximately four years the Nixon military expenditures of the United States. Japanese Prime Minister Tanaka, after It is impossible for this country to carry on Administration has been experiencing a stea­ visiting President Nixon, remarked that the dy acceleration in inflation. During the elec­ the burden of $5 billion for the defense of United States was no longer able to solve the Japan and other Asian nations. tion of 1968, President Nixon stated that the problems of the world alone and that other most important issues of his administration nations should not expect us to do so. The first postwar quarter-century of would be control of inflation without reces­ This is a welcome statement, and the Ad­ United States-Japan relations has been a sion. Unfortunately, so far, we have had an ministration should ask the Japanese first remarkable testament of America's generos­ extreme dose of both. to share the burden of their own defense ity and wisdom. Our purpose was to create Why? Because the different measures intro­ and then to accept a reciprocal trade ar­ a strong, viable Japan, and a friend and part­ duced by the administration to counter this rangement so that American exports enjoy ner. This achieved, it is hoped Japan will inflationary trend have been half-hearted and the same advantages that Japanese imports act as a responsible partner, sharing eco­ based on political rather than economic receive in this country. nomic and political power, and in the mean­ conceptions. They also have been at odds Close to $500 of every American's taxes go time be ready to pay the price which goes with the goals set and have been applied at for defense expenditures in Japan and Ger­ with this partnership. the wrong 1ri.mes and in the wrong dosages. many. The Japanese citizen spends only $15 The first step of the administration in 1969 on the defense of his own country. La.st was a "numbers game" hoping that through year one third of total Japanese exports high interest, credit crunch and unemploy­ were to the United States. For 20 years the THE NEED FOR WORLDWIDE IN­ ment, they could stabilize or cool down the United States has spent close to $100 billion TEREST RATE DISARMAMENT economy. The results were recession and more on military, economic, and financial aid, and inflation. investment in Japan. Realizing absolute !allure, on August 15, America arrived in Tokyo Bay in 1945 as HON. RICHARD T. HANNA 1971, the administration produced the 90- conquerors. Thanks to General MacArthur OF CALIFORNIA day freeze. This was followed by Phase n and a number of devoted and experienced which, despite its shortcomings, exerted posi­ American civil and military officials, the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tive effects in the stock market and brought United States never lost sight of the goal of Wednesday, September 12, 1973 about a temporary cooling off of inflation. ma.king Japan an independent and viable By the end of 1972 inflation was within 4 per democracy. The United States record in Japan Mr. HANNA. Mr. Speaker, the Bank­ cent. But suddenly the unpredictable ad­ has been one of the most effective and states­ ing and Currency Committee is currently ministration came up with the wrong step at manlike attitudes of conqueror to conquered engaged in holding crucial hearings on the wrong time, Phase m. in history. high interest rates and the current Phase III pleased nobody and created an The day Japan surrendered it was a de­ credit crunch. These hearings are unprecedented inflation: food prices went up feated, devastated, and bankrupt state. Its properly focused on the domestic causes 23 per cent, gasoline and oil products, 13 per industry had been destroyed; its cities de­ of our tight money situation and what cent, the average rise in the cost of living so molished; its farms abandoned, and hunger far has been 10 per cent. and desperation were abroad in the land. reforms are needed in our own institu­ Furthermore, Phase III, had a great reverse Fortunately, the Japanese found them­ tions to correct the problem. effect on the stock market. At no time in his­ selves to their surprise so well treated by Nevertheless, Mr. Speaker, on a broad­ tory, has a strong, prosperous, and viable eco­ their victors that in less than 25 years they er level, it is important to understand omy been plagued so much by confusion and became the third largest industrial nation that at least part of our domestic prob­ lack of confidence in the ability and integrity in the world. The story of a Japanese farmer lem has causes which are international of the Washington bureaucrats. who, asked by a reporter for his opinion of in nature. We are currently in the midst Reaction to this fl.op has been credit Americans, replied: "The Enlperor could crunch and high interest. In fighting in­ have not chosen better servants," ls an ex­ of an international interest rate boom. flation, too much importance has been at­ cellent testimony to the American approach Spurred by the shortsighted desire to re­ tached to monetary and credit policy. This to the rebuilding of Japan. tain currency surpluses, rates have been theory, which died with the depression of The land reform, planned and imple­ raised to attract "hot" money and to 1929, is resurrected by the administrators. mented by MacArthur, freed Japan from a serve as an artificial stimulus to cur- [ t. t d 29538 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 12, 1973 rency flows which otherwise might not rise was a matter of time lags, some of a run 1973, Washington Report entitled "Med­ occur. Once one country starts the cycle, of natural disasters, but much arose out of ical Research Funding.": other countries raise their interest rates the indefensible economic policy followed by West Germany. Frightened by an 8 per cent MEDICAL RESEARCH FUNDING in progression in an attempt to neutral­ inflation rate at a time of huge trade sur­ Proposed Administration cutbacks in fed­ ize the international effects of the initial plus, Herr Brandt's government introduced a eral funding for medical research have be­ rate increase. Like an upward spiral in soak-the-rich budget (hitting especially at come a concern of scientists, the health the arms race, the only net result is savers) and a tighter money policy (which care community and the Congress. One Nobel economic dislocation. Just as the one temporarily sent day-to-day interest rates to Prize-winning scientist commented a few leads to a chilling balance of terror, the astronomical heights) while still trying to months ago that, "Today lights are going out other leads to a precipitous balance of keep the D-mark within the European snake in laboratories all over America." by ineffective controls against a capital in­ Since World War II the United States has economic peril. flow. developed the greatest biomedical research Mr. Speaker, it is time to disarm this It would have been impossible to devise a capacity in the world. Advances in medical interest rate arsenal. The international policy more certain than this to cause specu­ science have lowered infant mortality, ex­ economic effects of interest rate brinks­ lative one-way option flights out of the defi­ tended life expectancy and led to significant manship are clearly disruptive; the do­ cit currencies (dollars and sterling) into the victories over disease, discomfort and death. mestic effects are disastrous. Mortgage D-mark via commodities on the way; to force Once-dread diseases, such as tuberculosis, rates for example, have climbed as high the dollar and sterling thus to fall just when diphtheria, polio, rheumatic fever and others as 10 percent plus points, and housing commodity prices were temporarily going have been tamed. further up; therefore to force America and The scientific community and the federal starts are threatened with a dramatic Britain to raise interest rates; and then to government have formed an effective part­ decline. prove once again that rate rises in these two nership to combat menacing diseases. One­ The meeting of the International big money market countries serve to put up third of all medical students receive federal Monetary Fund at Nairobi later this interest rates in progression round the assistance, federal funds pay for about one­ month provides the international com­ world. half of all medical school expenditures, and munity with the opportunity to remedy What remedies? The logical recommenda­ a major proportion of the nation's graduate this situation. To be sure, the items tions are easy. The first priority at the meet­ students in medical and biosciences receive presently on the IMF agenda are crit~­ ing of the International Monetary Fund at federal aid for their training. Nairobi later this month should be to nego­ The President plans basic surgery for the cal and important problems; but none 1s tiate international disarmament of interest 1974 budget that would greatly reduce the more pressing than this international in­ rates by 3 per cent all round. To the argu­ priority for medical research and training. terest rate spiral, and the delegates ment that some countries need high interest Funding of new research would drop 40 per­ would be well advised to negotiate an in­ rates as a weapon against excessive demand, cent from last year, with increased funding terest decrease which would be to the the sensible answer is that anybody who targeted on a few specific projects. advantage of all countries. looks to the most likely forward prospect for The President's proposed budget cuts for I commend to my colleagues' attention demand between now and mid-1974 should medical research would have a major impact a recent article in the Economist which not be expecting undue inflation of it. The in the following areas: tactful answer is that a country which wants HEART DISEASE discusses the causes and cures of the in­ to regain control over its internal demand ternational interest rate spiral. I join needs to control money supply rather than A recent Administration study recommends with it in stating that now is the time interest rates. Money supply is controlled by a $46-million increase above the President's selling sufficient government bonds to the budget for research at the National Heart to "defuse the interest rate bomb." and Lung Institute as the first step in a 5- The article follows: public, which cannot be done when every­ year, $2.6-billion campaign against heart DEFUSE THE INTEREST RATE BOMB body suspects that international competition is going to force interest rates up stlll more, disease, the nation's number-one killer. Al­ The time has come to call a truce in in­ and so the future selling prices of govern­ thoug':l chances of surviving a heart attack ternational interest rates, and it is impor­ ment bonds down. have increased markedly during the past tant to understand why. The world is now years, much remains to be learned about repeating, on an international scale, the mis­ Although this sort of agreement-a $emi­ heart disease, which accounts for 54 per­ take that the Bank of England and othe1 secret deal to edge rates down-at Nairobi cent of all deaths in the U.S. (killing two central banks made on a national scale all would be sensible, and would cause all the Americans every minute) and affects 28 mil­ other talk there about committee of 20 re­ lion Americans. through the trade cycles of the nineteenth forms to be recognized as the irrelevance it century; the familiar mistake, which Keynes largely is, the sensible is not going to be CANCER called "the most dangerous technique for achieved. Interest rates will remain too high Cancer, public health enemy number-two, the maintenance of equilibrium which can for a while; they are unlikely to precipitate which causes the deaths of 350,000 Americans possibly be imagined", of thumping up in­ the world economic slowdown into a real every year, has been allotted much less federal terest rates in order to counter a boom just recession because governments in control of research aid than the director of the National after it has begun to turn down. fiscal policies will be too sensible for that. Cancer Institute feels is necessary. The In­ We are all now riding the roller-coaster of But they wlll cause the slowdown to be stitute requested $640 million, but is sched­ the interest and trade cycle. Restricting de­ sharper than it should be. This wlll prob­ uled to receive $500 million, a cut which will mand in several countries in 1970-71 gener­ ably make steeper the drop in commodity cancel or curtail 19 key research programs ally led to greater unemployment than had pries between now and the end of next year which could save thousands of lives. been intended, and nowhere led to any ton­ and the eventual but delayed drop in in­ OTHER DISEASES ing down of inflation whatsoever. By the terest rates .... summer of 1971 everybody was therefore re­ The Administration adopted the philosophy flating demand again, and by this past win­ (T) he most obvious recommendation is that medical research should be concentrated ter of 1972-73 the industrial world had gone . . . to speak loudly in favor of interna­ on diseases where there may be a direct pay­ into its biggest boom ever. In the seven larg­ tional interest rate disarmament. At the mo­ off, rather than funding basic research (e.g. ment this is not being discussed by the fi­ est free world industrial countries the aver­ in genetics or on the nature of cells) which, nance ministers and central banks of the according to scientists, must be done if real age annual rate of expansion in real gnp last world, partly because the analogy between winter was over 8 per cent and in industrial breakthroughs are to be achieved. Funds for their present mistakes and those frequent research on diseases other than cancer and output over 12 per cent; this sent commodity nineteenth century howlers simply has not and then consumer prices soaring. occurred to them. heart disease were cut in the 1974 budget, and At this point, some time around April, the the President's plan to target research on boom tailed off. This has not yet been recog­ specific diseases is drawing fire from scien­ nised by those who are still looking at previ­ tists. ous wrong forecasts, generally made by LEE HAMILTON'S SEPTEMBER 12 RESEARC. '. TRAINING themselves. But in the United States real WASHINGTON REPORT ENTITLED Under the Administration's new budget, gnp, which rose at an annual rate of 8.7 per "MEDICAL RESEARCH FUNDING" "market forces," rather than federal training cent in January-March is believed to have grants, fellowships, and aid to research in­ risen at less than a third of that rate in stitutions, will have to supply sufficient re­ April-June; in Britain preliminary esti­ searchers for national research efforts. As mates show a similar fall from an annual HON. LEE H. HAMILTON a result of these program cuts and phase­ 6% to about 3 per cent; other countries will OF INDIANA outs, medical schools face the prospect of laying off faculty members, reducing class show slowdowns when their figures come in. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sizes, curtailing needed expansion, and hav­ Those who foresaw this also thought, wrong­ Wednesday, September 12, 1973 ing 40 percent fewer research trainees. ly, that there might logically be an early It should not be surprising, then, that a turndown in commodity prices and interest Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, under struggle between the President and the Con­ rates too. the leave to extend my remarks in the gress has developed over medical research Both have gone on soaring. Some of the RECORD, I include my September 12, funding. The Congress is unwilling to accept September 12, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29539 the cutbacks and ha.s voted to reinstate the inflation we have witnessed in this pe­ system will work in the end as long a.s the programs and provide funding at la.st year's riod. It is, similarly, the major cause of leading trading nation, i.e. the United States, levels. Three days after the House overwhelm­ suffers from a basic internal disequilibrium. ingly rejected the President's proposals, the the devaluation of the dollar. All eco­ The world would love to use convertible dol­ Department of HEW decided to review its nomic plans, such as wage and price con­ lars in reasonable quantities, but it refuses plans to phase out training grants and fel­ trol.3, which do not deal with the real to be drowned in a flood of inconvertible lowships, which may signal that the Presi­ causes of inflation can hardly be expected paper dollars. dent might not veto the Congress' appropria­ to contain the real solution. As far back as 1959, Professor Robert Trif­ tions for medical research. I wish to share with my colleagues the fin, one of the world's great experts on inter­ With all the work to be done, and the gains thoughtful article, "America and the national finance, warned the Joint Economic in human health to be realized, I do not be­ Dollar Crisis," by Dr. G. C. Wiegand, and Committee of Congress, that "the evolution lieve the government should allow the lights of the past ten years (i.e. the 1950's) has now to go out in the nation's medical laboratories, insert it into the RECORD at this time. brought us to a point where (international and I shall continue to support federal The article follows: monetary i:olicy and domestic economic poli­ medical research programs at previous levels. AMERICA AND THE DOLLAR CRISIS cies) have become inextricably tangled with (By G. C. Wiegand, Ph.D.) one another, and where we can no longer af­ Since the middle of February, the world's ford to ignore the impact of our internal AMERICA AND THE DOLLAR CRISIS monetary markets have been in a state of policies upon our external position, and vice growing chaos and paralysis. "Two devalua­ versa." A few months later, the same warning tions in 14 months have shaken the con­ wa.s repeated even more emphatically by the HON. PHILIP M. CRANE fidence and the people are looking for har­ eminent French economist Jacques Rueff in a series of three articles which appeared in OF ILLINOIS bors of safety," Dr. Arthur F. Burns told Congress. But where is such a harbor? There "Fortune". IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is no doubt about "the urgency of the task" But nothing happened! Wednesday, September 12, 1973 of creating a new international monetary sys­ Since then, the American balance o! pay­ tem, but fundamental differences of opinion ments deficit has grown tenfold from $1.5 to Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, during the divide the experts within the United States $15 billion; the gold holdings have declined past year Americans have been more and throughout the world. What are the from $19 to a. little over $10 billion (at the concerned about the state of our econ­ causes of the collapse of the Bretton Woods old gold price); and the nation's short term omy than about any other single issue. system which served the world so well for a. dollar obligations have skyrocketed from $20 They have witnessed the devaluation quarter of a. century? How can a. more stable to almost $90 billion. Obviously, the dollar international monetary system be created? is at present no longer "as good as gold", of the dollar, a mounting inflation, a The approximately $45 billion of monetary which was one of the fundamental assump­ shortage of meat, difficulty in obtaining gold held by the central banks a.nd interna­ tions on which the Bretton Woods gold ex­ mortgage money, and a host of other dif­ tional monetary institutions are in effect im­ change standard system was built. But it is ficulties. mobilized, since the central banks cannot not merely a question of an excessive amount They have also seen that policies such buy gold at the official price of $42 as long as of dollars held abroad. Even today, the ratio as compulsory wage and price controls the market price is between $70 and $80, and of American gold reserves to foreign dollar have done little to solve our problems. In they would be foolish to sell at the official holdings is almost twice as high as the gold many instances, they have seen that price. The $80-90 billion of inconvertible dol­ backing of the pound before the first World lar claims held by foreigners which, under War, and the dollar dilemma has not seriously such policies have compounded problems the Bretton Woods agreement, were "as good impaired Amlilrica's huge economic potential. which already existed. as gold," and which, for the past 25 years, But before 1914, the world had confidence in Hopefully, our present economic situa­ had been freely accepted in place of gold, are the pound; at present it lacks confidence in tion will cause an increasing number of no longer freely accepted. And the same is the dollar, and this for the simple reason Americans to ask themselves some very true of the $9.3 billion Supplementary Draw­ that for more than twenty years, the United basic questions about our economy, and ing Rights, the "paper-gold" issued by the States has pursued economic policies at home about the real causes of inflation. Unless International Monetary Fund. and abroad which may or may not have been The world is rapidly approaching the point politically expedient and socially desirable we understand what causes inflation, we of having no more universally acceptable in­ but which undermined the belief of the are unlikely to cure it. ternational medium of exchange to finance world in America's willingness to face the Fortunately, there are many informed international trade and financial transac­ reality, that America wa.s printing more and articulate men and women who are tions, a situation obviously far more danger­ dollars than we produced goods and services. prepared to teach the Nation a much­ ous than the American public is led to be­ DOMESTIC REFORM COMES FIRST lieve. needed course in basic economics. One of All the schemes now being discussed to de­ these men is Dr. G. C. Wiegland, profes­ Since the second devaluation of the dollar, the initiative seems to have shifted to the velop a new international monetary system sor of economics at Southern Illinois surplus nations, i.e. western Europe and will be futile unless the basic disequilibrium University in Carbondale, Ill. Japan, who speak with many tongues. When in the United States between supply and Writing in the March 22, 1973, issue of Treasury Secretary George P. Shultz, upon demand has been greatly reduced. This will the Commercial and Financial Chroni­ his arrival in Paris, wa.s asked about the not be an easy task-either from a political cle, Dr. Wiegland writes that, in spite of seeming impasse, he replied: "I am here to or a social point o! view-and it involves our economic situation- listen I have no plan." From a diplomatic major economic risks. The greatest difficulty, psychological point of view, this may be a. however, lies in the fact that neither Con­ congress wants to continue deficit spend­ change for the better since the days when gress nor the general public seem aware of ing, union leaders demand wage increases Treasury Secretary Connally attempted to the problem, as the newspaper headlines il­ far in excess of increases in productivity, and dictate the terms of a. new international lustrate only too clearly. "Dollar Plummets, welfare recipients demand even higher pay­ monetary system, which the surplus nations Gold Price Soars"-"Unions to Ignore Wage ments. It is this complete disregard of eco­ were to accept pronto-but didn't! But in Guidelines"-"Meany Suggests 7¥2 per cent nomic rationality which has spread around the meantime, the situation has become far Wage Increases"-"Senate Votes 2 per cent the globe ... more dangerous, and the world is no closer REA Loans"-"Albert Says Congress Will Inflation, Dr. Wiegland points out, is a to a. solution than it was in August 1971, Fight Cutbacks". Add to this the announce­ when Washington "closed the gold window," ment a few days earlier that the Federal Re­ result of the excess demand created by thus making the dollar inconvertible, or at serve had forced several banks to rescind a the Federal Reserve Board. He notes the Smithsonian meeting, when the dollar minor increase in the prime rate, at a time that- wa.s devalued for the first time. Under Sec­ when the minimum lending rate of the Bank The vast deficits since 1971 would not have retary of the Treasury Paul A. Volcker, who of England was 50 per cent higher than the been possible, if the Federal Reserve had not for all practical purposes seems to determine prime rate in New York, thus inviting the acquired $10 billion of additional govern­ American monetary policy, still clings to his out-migration of short-term funds. ment securities. No doubt, a refusal of the preconceived notion that gold must be com­ The collapse of the Bretton Woods system Federal Reserve to finance the federal def­ pletely eliminated from the international is overwhelmingly due to the fact that for icit would have resulted in a major polit­ monetary system, while the surplus nations more than twenty years, the United States ical, if not constitutional crisis, and might seem equally determined not to base the new has produced more dollars, relatively speak­ have ended the pseudo-independence of the monetary system on another form of incon­ ing, than goods and services, and has taken Federal Reserve, but it might also have been vertible paper SDR's in place of inconvertible the attitude that it is none of the business of the "shock therapy" needed to awaken Con­ dollars-with no adequate controls over the any foreigner-whether he holds billions of gress and the American people to the danger quantity to be issued. of the situation. inconvertible pa.per dollars or not--to ques­ WARNINGS IGNORED tion domestic American policies. The arti­ It is time that we end the deficit spend­ Yet nobody seems prepared to spell out in ficially creatd excess demand produced on ing which is itself the major cause of the clear terms that no International monetary the one hand chronic inflation at home, and 29540 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 12, 1973 on the other a steady outflow of surplus dol­ tionary spree in the nation's history. While different conditions of cost and demand. lars in exchange for goods and foreign assets. the output of goods and services-the GNP There ls no assurance that the American peo­ In other words, America has lived above in real terms-rose by 67 per cent between ple, afler twenty years of a credit-financed her means at least since 1950. The nation's 1960 and 1972, the money supply, using M-2 fool's paradise, will have the will and the international liquidity-not allowing for as a basis, increased by 110 per cent, about 50 strength, individually and collectively, to the tremendous growth of long term foreign per cent faster than the supply of goods and face the task. Yet the future of the country, assets-has declined by $90-$100 billion since services. Federal Reserve credit, the basis of and to a large extent of the free world, will 1950, and probably even more important-­ the inflationary boom, jumped from $29 to be partly determined by the attitude of the throughout the economy, we are confronted $78 billion; consumer loans increased by $100 American people during the next year or two. by chronic inadequate capital formation and billion (abt. 180 per cent), home mortgages How could a nation so resourceful, so in­ "deferred maintenance". We no longer have by $200 billion (140 per cent), and the fed­ telligent as the American people, have per­ the fuel and the power we need and we have eral debt by $160 billion (well over 50 per mitted itself to slide into a way of life which no idea how we shall pay for the oil we shall cent), not to mention the vast increase in must ultimately destroy the nation's have to import from the Arab countries dur­ the corporate debt, and the debt of state and strength and the well-being of the great ma­ ing the next 5-10 years. The railroads, the local governments. jority of the people? postal service and the inner cities are in a For more than a decade, the country fi­ deplorable state. In the le.te 1950's, America nanced the growth of the bureaucracy, the WHY IT HAPPENED was the largest steel exporter; today we are affluence of the middle class, the rising stand­ Most of the American people had no idea, the largest steel importer in the world. Less ard of living of the "poor"-not to mention of course, what was happening. Those who than ten years a.go, America had an export the cold war-by printing and swapping asked questions were reassured by "the ex­ surplus of more than $6 billion; 1972 closed IOU's. That we did not have a much higher perts" that Washington had learned to "fine­ with a deficit of over $6 billion. For twenty rate of inflation was due to the fact that out tune" the economy. Besides, the experts pro­ years, we have consumed too much, in the of $270 billion of newly created money, about vided a seemingly logical justification for the private and in the public sector, and have $70 billion :flowed abroad in payment of inflationary policies. saved and invested too little, until today goods, services and assets, and to protect our We inherited from the 1930's an economic the competitive position of large segments position as the leading power of the western doctrine which was eminently true and prac­ of the American economy is seriously threat­ world. tical when it was first presented in 1936, in ened. This is the ultimate cause of the dollar WE ARE ALL GUILTY the depth of the depression, namely that the crisis. How could this continue for more than a world's ills were the result of inadequate Since 1950, the number of public employees decade? consumption and the accumulation of idle has risen from six to more than 13 million, Fearing a collapse of the worldwide boom savings. But somehow, the experts, the poli­ and while the American economy can theo­ from which they, too, greatly benefited, the ticians and the great mass of the people retically support 13 million bureaucrats and surplus nations "cooperated" with the deficit failed to see that what was true in 1936, an increasing standard of living for the 25 nations in developing ever new emergency ceased to be true on September 1, 1939, when million not fully productive-or unproduc­ measures: the London gold pool; the de the second World War began. Even before tive-Americans who are officially classified facto "stillhalte agreement" of the surplus Pearl Harbor, the free reserves of the Amer­ as "poor", this would require either a sub­ nations (which did not convert their dol­ ican banking system-the "idle savings"­ stantial increase in production-which in lars into gold), swap arrangements; and had declined by 40 per cent, and ever since, turn would call for a much higher rate of various camouflaged foreign exchange re­ the world has suffered not from undercon­ capital formation--0r a reduction of the strictions on the part of the United States. sumption but from excessive demand-to standard of living of the great American mid­ The two main surplus nations, Germany and pay for the hot and cold wars, the growing dle class, which accounts for 60-70 percent of Japan, in particular, felt politically and world-wide affluence, the welfare schemes, the electorate, and which ls not prepared to psychologically compelled to support the in­ and the rapid population growth and high sacrifice its affluence. flationary policies of the American govern­ expectations of the developing countries. All Even though few politicians will admit the ment. Within the United States, politicians these goals were financed in part through a fact, it is the middle class-the $8,000 to and union leaders clearly benefited from the tremendous world-wide increase in produc­ $35,000 a year families-who pays for the "prosperity"; the middle class attained a tion, and for the rest by growing reliance on bureaucracy and the welfare state, and since level of affluence which would have seemed the printing press. In a little over 30 years, the middle class refuses to reduce its stand­ almost impossible during the 1950's. Between the purchasing power of all the paper money ard of living, the steady growth of taxes 1965 and 1972 per capita Disposable Income in the world on an average has declined by and the chronic inflation are offset b:- in­ rose by 62 per cent, and between January 70-75 per cent. The dollar alone has lost creased consumer borrowing and continued 1970 and January 1973, i.e. the period of the about two thirds of its domestic value since inadequate capital formation. growing dollar crisis, retail sales rose from Pearl Harbor. Never in the history of man­ THE MIDDLE CLASS PAYS FOR BOTH RICH AND $30 to $40 billion. The "poor" and the Black, kind has there been such a widespread and POOR meanwhile, received ever larger subsidies­ rapid depreciation of money. financed through more credit. While the Japanese during the past 25 WASHINGTON'S DILEMl\lIA-THE WRONG years saved between 22 per cent and 25 per THE "MORNING AFTER" IS TODAY DECADE FOR THE RIGHT CURE cent of their Disposable Income, and the Ger­ Now the Mardi Gras is over. Lent is upon Yet Washington still acts as if we are liv­ mans 12-15 per cent, we regard 8 per cent as us. The world has grown reluctant to accept ing in a depression ca.used by inadequate excessive. The results are obvious. We have more of the paper dollars we have printed so ?emand. The Full Empl~yment Budget, for developed a. fantastically high standard of freely in recent years. America now faces the mstance, assumes that if the government living for the "rich" and "poor" alike; we a.re after-Mardi Gras hangover; but few people creates additional purchasing power through supporting a wasteful public sector; but we are aware of the fa.ct. The nation has become deficit spending, more people will spend more have neglected to maintain our productive so accustomed to living above its means, that money, which will call for more employment, capacity on which the country's strength it will be difficult for the individual families, and will thus produce greater total income rests. In doing so, we have followed the road for the bureaucracy, and for business to con­ and taxes, until the budget is balanced at the which Britain took after the war. Instead of sume no more than the nation produces. full employment level. This "self-fulfilling" concentrating on the rehabilitation of the This will involve serious political and social dream-a largely theoretical brainstorm of country's industrial capacity, post-war Brit­ problems. Politicians will not find it easy-or "under-consumptionist" minded economists ain built a huge and costly welfare state. palatable-to convince their constituents rests largely on a false picture of the econ­ Germany, on the other hand, starting virtu­ that the federal government--and ultimately omy. At least fifty and probably seventy per ally from scratch, lived at a miserably low the taxpayer-are not a. bottomless barrel cent of the unemployment in the United level for many years, but saved and invested. from which one can draw at will. The loud States is due to a variety of institutional, This is, to a large extent, the explanation for cries of governors and mayors, the screaming social and political factors which have noth­ the "German economic miracle" and the mobs in the streets, and the steady pressure ing to do with inadequate demand. In fact, chronic difficulties of the pound. of the bureaucracy and of special groups there is a shortage of skilled and unskilled PINPOINTING WHEN WE WENT WRONG seem far more real and immediate problems labor. There are not enough skilled and reli­ able workers-and probably not enough are The first dollar crisis occurred in 1960 dur­ than the future of the dollar. Nor should one ing the presidential campaign-and partly underestimate the economic dangers. The trained-while many of the unskilled find it because of the wild charges and promises American economy has grown accustomed for more advantageous to stay on relief. The made by both sides. The gold price in London more than twenty years to a steady increase more than $60 billion C:eftcit during the past in credit-created demand, and a progressive 2Y2 years, designed to eliminate unemploy­ rm:e briefly to $42, corresponding to a depre­ ment, has obviously not done so, but it has ciation of the dollar of 20 per cent. It was an lowering of the debt burden through chronic inflation. The life of a businessman is rela­ greatly increased the inflationary pressure, obvious danger signal, and at that time, tively easy, as long as aggregate demand ex­ and because of the wage-price stops at home America. was still strong enough to end the ceeds supply, and he can count on having to much of the surplus spending power spilled 10-year-old record of balance of payments pay back only part of his debts; the inflation over into world markets. deficits without serious dislocations at home takes care of the rest. It will not be easy for NOTHING HAS CHANGED-EXCEPT OUR and abroad. But instead of balancing the the consumer and the government to live CIRCUMSTANCES budget and curbing the excess credit crea­ within their means, but it will be equally Yet Congress wants to continue deficit tion, the country went on the wildest in:fla- difficult for business to operate under quite spending, union leaders demand wage in- September 12, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29541 creases far in excess of increases in produc­ dations--1.e., a drastic change in the alloca­ 2,000 to 2,999------2,780,074 tivity, and welfare recipients demand even tion of resources in the American economy­ 3,000 to 3,999 ______1,634,283 higher payments. It is this complete dis­ or of seeing his house collapse. 4,000 to 4,999 ______974,348 regard of economic rationality which was America. is confronted with some of the 6,000 to 5,999 ______880,037 spread a.round the globe in fat headlines most serious and far-reaching alternatives in 6,000 to 6,999 ______501,082 since Congress reconvened in January­ its 200 years' history. 7,000 to 7,999 ______372,530 rather tha.n doubts regarding the effective­ 8,000 to 9,999 ______481, 185 ness of Phase a-which produced the latest 10,000 to 14,999------521,442 dollar crisis. To be sure, Dr. Burns, in his 15,000 or more ______434,971 Toronto address in December 1972, called for JUSTICE FOR AMERICA'S ELDERLY a "shock therapy", a. possible freeze or near­ Total, all categories ______18, 309, 910 freeze of all additional federal spending, and HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL 1 Income is reported for individuals, male in February, he warned Congress: I can't and female, only. This does not imply it is emphasize too much that as far as I am OF NEW YORK the only support an individual and his concerned, this is the last devaluation. That IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ought to be our national policy .•. There is family may have. no room for complacency. Wednesday, September 12, 1973 Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census of Population: 1970, Detailed Characteristics, But in the end, who else but the Federal Mr. ROSENTHAL. l\Ir. Speaker, I am Reserve has created the excess demand? The Final Report PC(l)-Dl, U.S. Summary, table vast deficits since 1971 would not have been today introducing legislation to put into 245. possible, if the Federal Reserve had not ac­ effect immediately a social security in­ quired $10 blllion of additional government crease originally scheduled for July l, In all fairness, Mr. Speaker, this in­ securities. No doubt, a refusal of the Federal 1974. Joining me as cosponsors are 95 of crease should be a lot more than just Reserve to finance the federal deficit would our colleagues. 5.9 percent. Living costs have continued ha.ve resulted in a ma.jor political, if not Just prior to last month's recess, the to soar since we enacted Public Law 93- constitutional crisis, and might have ended Congress enacted a 5.9-percent increase 66 in June to provide the added benefits. the pseudo-independence of the Federal Re­ in social security benefits to meet the in­ As you know, the Senate yesterday serve, but it might also have been the "shock passed an identical measure as an therapy" needed to a.waken Congress and the crease in the cost of living for the year American people to the danger of the situa­ ending June 1973 but delayed payment amendment to S. 1866, a bill to increase tion. for a year. Federal annuities. The vote there was As the "Economist" remarked: "Like child­ Social security recipients should not 57 to 32. birth, devaluation is less painful and quicker have to wait until next year to meet last The following is a list of cosponsors of the second time." In fact, to judge by the ex­ year's inflation. Especially in light of the the legislation I am introducing today: periences of some of the Latin American LIST OF COSPONSORS countries, devaluations can become an al­ soaring increase in the cost of living and most painless way of life! And the "Econ­ the worst inflation in our history, Ameri­ Bella Abzug, Joseph Addabbo, Bill Alex­ omist" is probably largely correct that the ca's 21 million elderly citizens need our ander, Glenn Anderson, Thoinas Ashley, Her­ "United States continues to be one of the few help now, not a year from now. man Badillo, Bob Bergland, Tom Bevill, countries in which just about everyone of During the recent recess, I had an op­ Jonathan Bingham, John Blatnik. importance thinks that a devaluation is John Brademas, Frank Brasco, George portunity to go back to my district and Brown (Calif.), Charles Carney, Shirley lovely"; at least, it appears to most Ameri­ talk to thousands of constituents; in ad­ cans as a convenient and painless way out. Chisholm, Cardiss Collins (Ill.), John Con­ dition I have been receiving hundreds of yers, Silvio Conte, James Corman, John DEVALUATION AND MORALITY letters from around the country. It is Culver. "The stigma of devaluation is a thing of abundantly clear to me that most Ameri­ Dominick Daniels, Mendel Davis, Ron Del­ the past." Yet, on the same page, the "Econ­ cans are in a desperate plight because of lums, Ron de Lugo, Frank Denholm, John omist" pointed out that the 1971 devalua­ Dent, Robert Drinan, Don Edwards (Calif.), tion caused a shrinkage in the value of the drastically higher prices for food and other essential items. Shoppers have had Joshua Eilberg, Dante Fascell. monetary reserves of the developing coun­ Daniel Flood, Thomas Foley, Don Fraser, tries by about a billion dollars. It is un­ their incomes practically drained because Joseph Gaydos, Ella Grasso, Wllliam J. Green doubtedly "old-fashioned" to argue that the of rapidly accelerating rises in the cost (Pa.), Gilbert Gude, Bill Gunter, Tennyson devaluation of a key currency-Le. the par­ of living. Guyer, Michael Harrington. tial repudiation of a. large nation's obliga­ While the administration has been lax Augustus Hawkins, Ken Hechler (W. Va.}, tions--involves not only economic and in its restrictions on the big firms which Margaret Heckler, Henry Helstoski, Elizabeth political, but moral aspects. Back in the 14th Holtzman, Frank Horton, Jim Howard, Bar­ century, a period of great social and economic are showing tremendous profits-the Cost of Living Council just gave the go-ahead bara Jordan, Ed Koch, Robert Leggett. upheaval, three French writers--Pierre Bois, William Lehman, Norman Lent, Paul Mc­ Jean Burrtdan and, best-known, Nicole to raise the prices of steel, cars, and many Closkey, Mike McCormack, John McFall, John Oresme-condellllled the policy of the French other items-its misguided economic Melcher, Edward Mezvinsky, Joe Moakley, King to reduce progressively the metal con­ policies have forced the elderly into a Robert Mollohan, William Moorhead (Pa.). tent of the coin, as a form of theft, contrary precarious position which has become in­ John Moss, John Murphy (N.Y.}, Robert to moral law! As recently as 1935, four Jus­ tolerable. Nix, James O'Hara, Wayne Ownes, Claude tices of the United States Supreme Court, The Agriculture Department predicts Pepper, Bertram Podell, Melvin Price, Charles protesting against the repudiation of the gold Rangel, Henry Reuss. clause in private contracts, and the fa.ct that food prices alone will rise at least 20 per­ the Federal Government "gained" $2.8 billion cent this year and wholesale prices have Donald Riegle, Matthew Rinaldo, Peter through the increase of the gold price, already reached their highest level in his­ Rodino, Robert Roe, Teno Roncalio, J. Ed­ warned: "Loss of reputation for honorable tory. Those hit hardest by such develop­ ward Roush, William Roy, Ed Roybal, Paul dealing will bring as unending humiliation; Sarbanes, Pat Schroeder, John Seiberling. ments are the poor and the elderly, per­ George Shipley, Dick Shoup, James Stan­ the impending legal and moral chaos is ap­ sons who traditionally live on small, fixed palling." The "Economist" may be correct ton (Ohio), Gerry Studds, James Symington, that in our modern world, devaluation has incomes. and spend 30 percent of their Frank Thompson (N.J.}, Charles Thone, Ray lost its stigma, but there is no doubt that the disposable income on food. Thornton, Robert Tiernan, Joseph Vigorito, probably unnecessary devaluation of the There is nothing inflationary about Charles Wilson (Calif.), Antonio Won Pat, pound in 1931 represented an important giving these persons an extra $9 a month. John Wydler, Bill Young (Fla.). milestone in decline in Britain's position in This bill will raise the average monthly the world. benefit for a retired individual from $167 THE TIME FOR DECISION IS NOW to $176, and for an aged couple it will ON H.R. 10160 TO AMEND THE ECO­ Yet no politician and no news commenta­ be increased from $278 to $294. NOMIC STABILIZATION ACT tor has pointed out to the American people, Nearly three out of every four Ameri­ that the two devaluations of the dollar cans over the age of 65 have annual in­ within 14 months, while the country con­ comes below $3,000, including 2.5 million HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON tinues to live above its means, involves not persons with no income at all. The OF MASSACHUSE'ITS only serious economic and political conse­ chart below shows the number of people quences, but also important moral aspects. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES age 65 and over in each of the indicated If a man sees large cracks appearing in his Wednesday, September 12, 1973 house, he can have the cracks filled and income categories: painted over. But new cracks will appear, as Persons 65 and over with income 1 Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, for the foundations of the house continue to In dollars more than 4 years, the administration shift. In the end, the man will be faced with 1 to 999, or less______4, 266 028 has sought to control the rampant in­ the alternative of either rebuilding the foun- 1,000 to 1,999______5, 435: 950 flation which continues to plague every 29542' EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 12, 1973 :American consumer, worker, and busi­ any three consecutive months, or 2.5 percent made within 30 days· after issuance of the nessman. for any 12 consecutive months. order to the affected parties and the public. In addition, the President is directed to SECTION 7 : HEALTH INSURANCE PRICES The President and his advisers have make all data publicly available and infor­ adopted and canceled many programs to This section directs the President to sub­ mation used to formulate any standards is­ mit quarterly reports to the Congress ex­ reduce the rate of inflation, none of sued by the President or his agencies under plaining price changes for hospital and phy­ which have worked. After five game this resolution also available. sician services, health insurances premiums, plans, two freezes, and four and a half Para. 205 stabilizes all rents at Septem­ and changes in health insurance administra­ phases, inflation continues unabated. ber 12, 1973, levels, except to the extent that tive costs. The President is also required to Last April, the Congress voted to ex­ State and local rent controls are more strin­ report his actions to stabilize health insur­ tend the Economic Stabilization Act of gent. The President may allow some increases ance prices and to make recommendations for when State or local taxes, or service charges, appropriate congressional action. 1970 under the Conference Committee or capital improvements are made during Report S. 398, without major provisions the period of occupancy. SECTION 8 : GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE STUDY requiring mandatory controls. Although Para. 206 permits the Secretary of Agricul­ This section directs the GAO to Study the I was disappointed, I voted in favor of ture to regulate credit margins on commodity relations}?.ip_ between consumer food prices the simple extension-and later for final futures contracts. This provision is designed and commodity exchanges. The GAO is fur­ passage-because it was the only meas­ to regulate excessive speculation in commod­ ther required to submit its findings to the ity futures trading which has the effect of Congress within four months of the enact­ ure which could be passed promptly to inflating consumer prices and industrial ment of the section, within recommenda­ prevent a vacuum of authority with re­ costs. tions for Congressional or other Federal ac­ gard to inflation. Para. 207 establishes the Office of Consumer tion. Now, although the administration has Counselor within the legislative branch of SECTION !) : AMENDMENTS TO THE EXPORT AD­ authority, it has failed miserably to ex­ government to represent consumer interests .MINISTRATION ACT OF 1969 ercise that authority in a constructive in wage price decision. The Consumer Coun­ Under this provision, the Export Adminis­ manner. Believing that controls will not selor is authorized to investigate official ac­ tration Act of 1969 is amended to improve work, the administration promised to tions taken by the President, Cost of Living controls on exports when there is a threat of Council, and/ or other Federal officials in domestic inflation or short supply. dismantle them as soon as possible. They controlling the economy. The Counselor may did not enforce them strictly. The result The Secretary of Commerce is directed to examine all records and other information investigate what materials or commodities is that businessmen, consumers, and relating to the rulemaking and adjudications should be subject to export controls due to working people have little confidence of those bodies authorized by the President current or prospective domestic inflationary that strict controls will be enforced. And to carry out economic stabilization policies. impact or domestic supply shortages in the the ultimate result of this situation is The Consumer Counselor may also require absence of controls. The Secretary of Com­ that the entire control program has a public hearing by the Cost of Living Coun­ merce is further directed to develop forecast failed. In fact, it appears that it may cil on any wage or price decisions. indices of supply and domestic demand for · Para. 208 authorizes the Comptroller Gen­ certain materials and commodities to deter­ have encouraged inflation. \Vith that eral of the United States to review all re­ type of mentality guiding the program, it mine their availability to domestic consum­ ports concerning prices, profits, wages and ers at stable prices. cannot work unless Congress imposes salaries, and interest rates submitted by any In addition, this section imposes export strong, mandatory, automatic controls. person or company to the President or the controls on softwood logs and lumber unless That is what I propose today. 9ost of Living Council. It further directs the within 30 days of enactment, the Secretary I have introduced H.R. 10160 to amend Comptroller General to promptly inform of Agriculture certifies that at least 11.8 bil­ the Economic Stabilization Act of 1970. Congress of any actions taken by anyone in lion board feet of softwood lumber from na­ violation of the standards established under tional forests will be on the market in 1973. The major provision of the bill ·would this Act. . be to establish automatic, mandatory No timber may be sold for export from fed­ SECTION 2 : REPORTS eral lands west of the Rocky Mountains until price controls on all businesses in any This section directs the President to sub­ the President has certified that an adequate sector whose prices rise by more than 3 mit quarterly reports to the Congress de­ supply of lumber is available for domestic percent on an annual basis-three­ scribing changes in productivity, consumer use at reasonable prices. fourths percent per month-in any con­ prices, wholesale prices corporate earnings, secutive 3-rnonth period. This is essen­ interest rates, wage earner rates, and em­ tially the same position recommended ployment and unemployment on an in­ dustry basis. He is also required to sub­ last April by the Banking and Currency mit monthly reports to the Congress de­ HOW WILL HISTORY VIEW NIXON Committee, but rejected by the House in scribing his actions taken under this Act NOW? favor of a straight extension of the Pres­ and his assessment of the status of his ident's authority. I hope that the House programs. will now reverse its position, and recog­ SECTION 3 : ALLOCATION OF PETROLEUM HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL nize its responsibility to enact strict, PRODUCTS OF ll.LINOIS mandatory wage and price controls in This section authorizes the President to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the absence of administration action. establish priorities for the use and alloca­ Wednesday, September 12, 1973 Mr. Speaker, I urge each of my col­ tion of petroleum products. It is designed to leagues to consider the consequences of give the President :flexibility to meet the Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, there has not acting, and of not adopting a cred­ energy needs of various sections of the been a good deal of comment and specu­ ible program with real teeth in it. I hope United States and to prevent anti-competi­ lation in the media and elsewhere as to tive effects resulting from shortages of petro­ what effect the Watergate incident will that when they consider this, they will leum products. support my proposal. have on President Nixon's place in SECTION 4: DEFINITION OF SUBSTANDARD history. A section-by-section analysis of H.R. EARNINGS 10160 follows: In that regard, I noticed an . article Under this provision, substandard earn­ written by M. C. Forbes, Jr., vice presi­ SUMMARY OF H.R . 10160 ings are defined as $3.50 per hour or less, SECTION 1 : AMENDMENTS TO THE ECONOMIC and grants such substandard wage earners dent of Forbes magazine appearing in the September 15, 1973, edition of that widely STABILIZATION ACT OF 1970 exemption from controls under this Act. SECTION 5: DEFINITION OF WAGES AND SALARIES read and highly respected publication, Para. 204 imposes a ceiling on all prices entitled "How Will History View Nixon and interest rates at levels prevailing on This section amends the definition of September 12, 1973. The President is directed wages and salaries in the Economic Stabiliza­ Now?" · to immediately carry out a plan to roll back tion Act of 1970 to insure that employer con­ Mr. Forbes refers to previous Presi­ prices and interest rates below levels pre­ tributions to pension and other fringe benefit dents who were faced with problems and vailing on September 12, 1973, ceiling and to plans are not included in wages and salaries. difficulties during their administrations report to Congress within 60 days on his SECTION 6: ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES which at the time threatened to diminish progress including justification for exemp­ their respective places in history, how­ tions from the ceiling compliance. This section provides that no order may This section also establishes an automatic be issued under this Act which has the effect ever, their positive achievements in mechanism to control inflation by requiring of reducing wages or salaries in an appro­ larger areas of responsibility eventually the President to impose mandatory controls priate employee unit unless such order is overshadowed the negative aspects of on all sectors of the economy whenever the made on the record after opportunity for a their years in the White House and their annual rate of inflation exceeds 3 percent for hearing and a statement of explanation is place in history was assured. Mr. Forbes September 13, 1973 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 29543 Nixon ( and Henry Kissinger) established issues of peace, war, prosperity, depression suggests that President Nixon will fare with adversaries Russia and China. Thanks that mostly capture the historian's atten­ equally as well and I am inclined to to these, the possibilities of a general war tion. agree with that observation. I ask that involving major powers a.re less today than Abra.ham Lincoln is more remembered for the article be placed in the RECORD at a.t any time since the years following the preserving the Union than for taking ex­ this point. 1815 Congress of Vienna. traordinary liberties with civil liberties. His­ Nixon has done here what hundreds o! tory is more concerned with Franklin Roose­ How Wn.L HISTORY VIEW NIXON Now? presidents, prime ministers, foreign secre­ velt's leadership during the Great Depres­ (By M. S. Forbes, Jr.) taries, diplomats, Nobel Prize winners have sion and the Second World War than with failed to do in this century-he has brought his coziness with corrupt big city bosses or Few 1! a.ny U.S. Presidents have faced a black-hating Southerners. Harry Truman's peace for his time. scandal on the sea.le o! Watergate. How will historical reputation will rise or fall on the the Watergate affair affect Richard NiXon's Imagine, instead of vilifying the U.S., Rus­ issues of the atomic bomb, the Marshall Plan historical reputation? sia and China are, for all practical purposes, and the Korean War-not on the fact that Surprisingly, not as much as one might competing for our favor. some of his cronies had their hands in the think. Regional conflicts like the Middle East and till. Sordid as it is, Watergate is unlikely, in the Southeast Asia may continue. But the Domestically, President Nixon is not so eyes of future historians, to compare in im­ chances of those escalating into a Great War naked either. Despite inflation, the economy portance with the Nixon initiatives, achieve­ have lessened significantly. has never been so strong and prosperous. ments in foreign affairs. And that's the stuff history is made of. Nixon's Gallup with future historians will What will overshadow Watergate in the easily outdistance his Gallup today. years a.head will be the working relationships When looking at the past, it is the basic

SENATE-Thursday, September 13, 1973 reading clerks, announced that the House TRANSACTION OF ROUTINE The Senate met at 9: 45 a.m. and was MORNING BUSINESS called to order by Hon. WILLIAM PROX­ of Representatives having proceeded to MIRE, a Senator from the State of Wis­ reconsider the bill (S. 504) to amend the The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ consin. Public Health Service Act to authorize pore. Under the previous order, there assistance for planning, development will now be a period for the transaction PRAYER and initial operation, research, and of routine morning business for not to training projects for systems for the ef­ The Chaplain, the Reverend Edward exceed 15 minutes, with statements fective provision of health care services therein limited to 3 minutes. L. R. Elson, DD., offered the following under emergency conditions, returned by prayer: the President of the United States with O God, in whose almighty hand the his objections, to the Senate, in which S. 2410, A BILL TO AMEND THE PUB­ future lies, we trust in Thee. Give us it originated, and passed by the Senate LIC HEALTH SERVICE ACT understanding minds, patient hearts, and on reconsideration of the same, it was The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ determined wills that through us the resolved that the said bill do not pass, pore. The Chair now lays before the Sen­ patterns of Thy kingdom may be formed two-thirds of the House of Representa­ ate S. 2410 for a second reading. in this Nation. Remove from us all that tives present not having voted in the af­ The second assistant legislative clerk obstructs the clear leading of Thy spirit. firmative. read as follows: May pettiness or prejudice never rob us of our highest and best achievements. To amend the Public Health Service Act THE JOURNAL to provide assistance and encouragement Give us greatness of spirit to match the for the development of comprehensive area great needs of the day. As we pray for Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask emergency medical services systems. ourselves, we pray for the whole Nation unanimous consent that the reading of that a new spirit of penitence and pa­ the Journal of the proceedings of Mr. GRIFFIN. Mr. President, is there tience, humility and common purpose Wednesday, September 12, 1973, be dis­ any action contemplated on this meas­ may come upon us, so that under Thy pensed with. ure? rulership and by Thy grace, we may set The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ forward the destiny Thou hast for that pore. Without objection, it is so ordered. pore. Does the Senator from California Nation whose God is the Father of our (Mr. CRANSTON) contemplate taking any Lord and Saviour, in whose name we action on this measure? make our prayer. Amen. COMMITrEE MEETINGS DURING Mr. CRANSTON. Mr. President, I ob­ SENATE SESSION ject to further proceedings on the bill at this time under rule XIV, paragraph 4. APPOINTMENT OF ACTING PRES­ Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ IDENT PRO TEMPORE unanimous consent that all committees pore. Objection having been heard under The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk may be authorized to meet during the rule XIV, paragraph 4, the bill will be will please read a communication to the session of the Senate today. placed on the calendar. Senate from the President pro tempore The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ Mr. MANSFIELD subsequently said: pore. Without objection, it is so ordered. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent (Mr. EASTLAND) • The second legislative clerk read the that S. 2410, which had its second read­ following letter: ing earlier today and was placed on the U.S. SENATE, ORDER OF BUSINESS calendar under rule XIV, be taken off PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE, The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ the calendar and referred to the appro­ Washington, D.C., September 13, 1973. pore. The Senator from Pennsylvania is priate committee which, in this instance To the Senate: I believe, is the Committee on Labor and Being temporarily absent from the Senate recognized. Public Welfare. on official duties, I appoint Hon. Wn.LIAM Mr. SCOT!' of Pennsylvania. Mr. PRoxMmE, a. Sena.tor from the State of Wis­ President, I yield back my time. The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ consin, to perform the duties of the Chair The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ pore. The Senator is correct, and without -during my absence. pore. Under the previous order, the Sen­ objection, it is so ordered. JAMES 0. EASTLAND, ator from New York (Mr. JAVITS) is rec­ President pro tempore. ognized at this time for not to exceed Mr. PROXMIRE thereupon took the 15 minutes. VETO OF MINIMUM WAGE BILL chair as Acting President pro tempore. (The remarks Senator JAVITS made at Mr. TAFT. Mr. President, I noted with this point on the introduction of S. 2411, considerable interest the recent state­ the Export Priorities Act of 1973, are ments made by many distinguished labor MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE printed in the RECORD under Statements leaders and Members of the Congress A message from the House of Repre­ on Introduced Bills and Joint Resolu­ criticizing the President for vetoing the sentatives by Mr. Hackney, one of its tions.) minimum wage bill. While I can under-