EOPC My21 oue4 Nme Royal Aeronautical Society Volume 44 Number 5 May 2017 AEROSPACE

May 2017

HUMANITARIAN AEROSPACE ON THE RECORD WITH GULFSTREAM PRESIDENT GENERAL AVIATION DESIGN COMPETITION www.aerosociety.com

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When it really matters. alixpartners.com Volume 44 Number 5 ESA May 2017 Mercury rising Plane Speaking – An analysis of the Gulfstream President forthcoming ESA/ Interview with Mark 14 JAXA joint mission to 18 Burns, the President of the closest planet to Gulfstream Aerospace. the Sun. Contents Gulfstream

Correspondence on all aerospace matters is welcome at: The Editor, AEROSPACE, No.4 Hamilton Place, London W1J 7BQ, UK [email protected] Comment Regulars 4 Radome 12 Transmission The latest aviation and Your letters, emails, tweets aeronautical intelligence, and feedback. analysis and comment. 58 The Last Word Business aviation - taking the rap? 10 Antenna Keith Hayward on the Howard Wheeldon on British Galileo statellite naviation Airway’s moves to make system, Ariane 6 and the Play word association with ‘bizjets’ and what immediately comes to mind? its short-haul fl ights more UK’s future outside the Champagne? Superyachts? Superstar rappers and supermodels? Exotic ‘low-cost’. European space market. locations and overpaid CEOs, perhaps? Partly this image is created by the industry itself – glamour and exclusivity help sell the product, whether it is new Features Textron aircraft, or cabin interior specialist, business aviation or charter operator. FLIMAX Yet in promoting this image, the business aviation sector also perhaps does a disservice to the many ways it provides ‘social’ good, either through creating 22 high-skilled jobs, boosting regional and smaller and stimulating economic growth by allowing executives to increase their productivity by using time better. Medical evacuation and emergency fl ights, transportation of parts and mail, humanitarian missions by NGOs, mapping and surveying and 30 other missions too may fall under the category of business aviation that are Flight design The RAeS General Aviation rarely discussed. Interestingly, but predictably, there is a noticeable division Design Competition aims Bell rings the changes in on both sides of the Atlantic of the image of business aviation. In the US, a to stimulate interest in Valencia keen advocate of business aviation, who recently upgraded from a 757 to the E-Conditions for proving Bell Helicopters opens a new new GA aircraft designs. training centre in Spain. ultimate VIP aircraft, Air Force One, perhaps personifi es the hallmark of the American attitude to wealth and status symbols. Meanwhile, in the UK and 34 Minding the challenges RAAF of mental health Europe, it is a more diffi cult sell. A history of more socialist governments and Tackling the regulatory and a negative public reaction to ostentatious riches, means that private jets are implementation challenges often automatically labelled as luxuries. As we head into EBACE this month, of pilot mental health.

it is worthwhile considering, as a RAeS event did in April, whether it is time to UNHCR rethink business aviation – to better understand and communicate the real opportunities and economic benefi ts it can bring. Between the extremes of 26 a brash US ‘if you’ve got it, fl aunt it’ attitude and a European shyness about defending private jets – there surely must be a happy medium. Avalon 2017 smashes Tim Robinson records Editor-in-Chief A report on the 2017 36 Australian Avalon Air Show.

[email protected] International rescue NEWS IN BRIEF Mike Bratby reports on AEROSPACE vital role of aerospace in Editor-in-Chief is published by the Royal AEROSPACE subscription rates: humanitarian aid. Tim Robinson Aeronautical Society (RAeS). Non-members, £160 +44 (0)20 7670 4353 Chief Executive Please send your order to: [email protected] Simon C Luxmoore Dovetail Services Ltd, 800 Guillat Deputy Editor Advertising Avenue, Kent Science Park, 41 Afterburner Bill Read Simon Levy Sittingbourne, Kent ME9 8GU, UK. +44 (0)20 7670 4351 +44 (0)20 7670 4346 +44 (0)1795 592939 [email protected] [email protected] +44 (0)844 856 0650 (fax) [email protected] Publications Manager Unless specifi cally attributed, no 42 Message from our President Chris Male material in AEROSPACE shall be taken Any member not requiring a print 43 Message from our +44 (0)20 7670 4352 to represent the opinion of the RAeS. version of this magazine, please [email protected] contact: [email protected] Chief Executive Reproduction of material used in this Production Editor USA: Periodical postage paid at 44 Book Reviews Online publication is not permitted without the Wayne J Davis written consent of the Editor-in-Chief. Champlain New York and additional Additional features and content +44 (0)20 7670 4354 offi ces. 47 Bristol Scout documentary [email protected] Printed by Buxton Press Limited, are available to view online on Palace Road, Buxton, Derbyshire Postmaster: Send address changes 48 Balloon Challenge www.media.aerosociety.com/ to IMS of New York, PO Box 1518, Book Review Editor SK17 6AE, UK 50 Corporate Partners aerospace-insight Brian Riddle Champlain NY 12919-1518, USA. 52 Diary Including: The development and history of Editorial Offi ce Distributed by Royal Mail the Mirage IV, Will circular runways drive pilots Royal Aeronautical Society ISSN 2052-451X 54 Australian Division round the bend? Passenger electronic devices No.4 Hamilton Place ban: safety vs security, In the April issue of London W1J 7BQ, UK 55 YPN in the spotlight AEROSPACE, life-saving drones, +44 (0)20 7670 4300 RAeS Young Persons Network. [email protected] 56 RAeS elections www.aerosociety.com Front cover: Artist’s impression of BepiColombo mission to Mercury. ESA 57 Obituaries

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INTELLIGENCE / ANALYSIS / COMMENT

Haas 2C specifi cations Length: 53ft Diameter: 5ft Weight (empty): 1,210lb Weight (fuelled): 35,887lb Thrust (sea level): 50,500lbf Thrust (vacuum): 74,000lbf Payload to LEO: 100kg

Linear aerospike engine The Haas 2C will use the Executor linear aerospike engine to fl y the entire rocket into orbit in less than 5mins. Aerospike engines are not a new idea but, unlike the traditional bell rocket nozzle which loses aerodynamic effi encies at certain phases of fl ight, the aerospike uses the outside air pressure to create the nozzle – maintaining its effi enciy all the way to orbit and saving up to 30% fuel at lower altitudes. The Executor linear aerospike will deliver 50,500lbf of thrust at sea level and is powered by hydrogen peroxide and kerosene. ARCA

4 AEROSPACE / MAY 2017 Launch from anywhere Using a single stage to orbit (SSTO) launcher not only reduces cost and complexity com- pared to staged rockets says ARCA, but also opens up new possibilties of inland launch sites, without having to worry about spent stages dropping back to Earth. It would also allow for the entire rocket to be refuelled in orbit for missions beyond LEO.

$1m per launch ARCA claims that an aerospike- powered SSTO could become the cheapest ever small satellite launcher at $1m per launch for a 100kg payload into LEO or $10,000/kg. The company says that the Haas 2C would provide a fl exible 24hr rapid response launch capability.

W SPACEFLIGHT Aerospike direct to orbit Revealed by New Mexico-based space company, ARCA, on 28 March was the Haas 2C- a linear aerospike powered launcher concept that could say the fi rm, provide a revolutionary single-stage to orbit (SSTO) capability – which promises simpler, cheaper and more reliable launches for small payloads. Originally formed in Romania, ARCA relocated to the US in 2013 and has competed in the Ansari X-Prize as well as investigated stratospheric balloon- launched rocket concept. For the Haas 2C, ARCA is aiming to launch the fi rst test fl ight in 2018 from NASA’s Wallops Flight Facility in Virigina and is now working to get FAA approval.

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GENERAL AVIATION DEFENCE Bristow carries out UAV US strikes Syriann On 7 April, the US launched 59 interoperability test Tomahawk cruise missiles from two airbase after sarinin warships in the Mediterranean at the Syrian airbase of Shayrat. The strike was Bristow Group and its the crew maintain track on gas attack UAV partner Sky-Futures a UAV 200ft away using an in response to SyAAF aircraft from the have carried out a fi rst in iPad app – even when they airbase beibg identifi ed as responsible civil manned/unnammed were unable to keep visual for a suspected sarin gas airstrike on the interoperability, with a fl ight contact on the UAV itself. town of Khan Sheikhoun that killed more trial involving a helicopter The company called the than 80 people, including children on and UAV fl ying together. trial: “A critical fi rst step in ... 4 April. The US Pentagon said that the The 20 minute trial, carried a process proving that UAS strike was a ‘proportional response’ and out in Galliano, Louisiana, and manned helicopters can that it had removed the means of delivery saw a Sikorsky S-92 hover operate safely in the same of chemical weapons. 500ft above the ground and airspace.” US DoD US AEROSPACE AIR TRANSPORT London-Paris hybrid electric fl ights Electronics ban causes in a decade, says start-up anger and confusion

Due to elevated security The UK followed suit with concerns, the US has a similar ban from inbound banned passengers on US- fl ights from Turkey, Jordan, bound fl ights originating Lebanon, Egypt, Tunisia and from airports in ten Middle Saudi Arabia. East and North African The decision drew countries from carrying criticism from industry electronic devices larger experts – incliuding the A new US start-up, Wright Electric, has revealed plans for an electric 150-seat than a mobile phone, such D-G of IATA, Alexandre narrowbody airliner that, it says, could perform short-haul fl ights within the next as laptops and iPads, de Juniac, saying the ban ten years. The aircraft, called 'Wright One' would use modular swappable battery as hand luggage in the was “not an acceptable packs and be either fully electric or hybrid electric, depending on the advances in aircraft cabin. The ban long-term solution.” power storage. The company, founded a year ago, is working with ESAero which affects fl ights from airports Others noted that the ban has already studied an ECO-150R airliner concept for NASA. UK low-cost carrier in Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait, reverses recent safety easyJet has also expressed an interest in the concept. Wright Electric's aim is to Morocco, Qatar, Saudi advice over carrying make all short-haul fl ights electric within 20 years. Arabia, Turkey and the UAE. lithium-ion batteries. Wright Electric Wright NEWS IN BRIEF

future manned fi ghter Oxia Planum or Mawrth Embraer’s new E195-E2 Iran’s third largest airline, requirements – as well as Vallis, both just north of the Airbus has abandoned re-engined regional jet Aseman Airlines, has a potential joint project. equator. A fi nal decision plans to produce a two- made its fi rst fl ight on 29 signed a memorandum of Earlier this year London on which landing site will seat scaled-up version March, three months ahead agreement to purchase up and Tokyo signed an be selected will be made of its E-Fan 2.0 electric of its original schedule. to 60 (30 fi rm, with options agreement strenghening in 2019. light aircraft for the GA The test aircraft made for an additional 30) defence ties – which training market. Instead a two-hour fl ight from Boeing 737 MAX airliners. includes work on an AESA Five members of the same it says it will focus on Embraer’s São José The deal, worth $3.4bn seeker upgrade for the family were killed when a larger design, E-Fan dos Campos base in at list prices, remains Meteor BVRAAM. their AS355 Twin Squirrel X, to take advantage of Brazil to evaluate aircraft subject to US Government helicopter crashed in improvements in battery performance, fl ight quality approval. The European Space Snowdonia, Wales on 29 and power technology. and systems. The E195-E2 Agency (ESA) has March. The family were is scheduled to enter According to the Japanese shortlisted two alternative fl ying from Milton Keynes has service in the fi rst half of Ministry of Defence, landing sites for its 2020 to Dublin for a confi rmation. launched a new service 2019 with Azul Brazilian Japan and the UK are to ExoMars rover and surface An investigation has begun from London, UK, to Airlines. co-operate on studying science platform, at either into the cause of the crash. Seattle, Washington, using

6 AEROSPACE / MAY 2017 AIR TRANSPORT AEROSPACE No fl ights after Brexit, Hat-trick of warns fi rst fl ights

On the day the UK the EU, there might be no March 31 saw three fi rst triggered Article 50 to fl ights for a period after fl ights on the same day leave the EU, low-cost March 2019. It points out from three manufacturers. Airbus carrier Ryanair has that the UK Government Airbus fl ew its A319neo warned that there could needs to quickly prioritise from Hamburg, Antonov be no fl ights to and an aviation agreement, as fl ew the joint Saudi/ from Britain to Europe it, and other airlines, will Urkrainian An-132D straight after Brexit. The fi nalise summer schedules from Kiev, while Boeing's

budget carrier argues that for 2019 by March 2018 787-10 Dreamliner took Antonov unless a biliateral aviation and: “put aviation at the top to the skies from North agreement is found with of its agenda.” Charleston, SC. SPACEFLIGHT

Reuse, recycle – SpaceX fl ies used Boeing rocket to launch sat DEFENCE

On 30 March, SpaceX made history when it Gripen goes green with successfully delivered an SES satellite into orbit biofuel using a previously fl own Falcon 9 fi rst stage Saab has annouced it a series of test fl ights booster. The Falcon 9 has been refurbished has fl own its Gripen on a fl own with the alternative

since it fl ew a Dragon capsule to the ISS in April 100% biofuel test – S biofuel, CHCJ-5, aab 2016. As well as the fi rst stage returning to Earth the fi rst fl ight on which is made by vertically landing on its drone ship, in another a single-engine from rapeseed fi rst, the company also recovered the nose-cone fi ghter using oil. Saab said fairings which soft-landed using parachutes. Musk ths alternative of the fl ight tweeted on this reusable launcher breakthrough: fuel. The trial, trials: “The test carried out team noted “Incredibly proud of the SpaceX team for achieving using a two-seat no differences this milestone in space! Next goal is refl ight within Gripen D from the between the 24 hours.” company's facilities in biofuel and the ordinary Linköping, Sweden, saw jet fuel.” SpaceX

Boeing 787-9 Dreamliners. Corps are set to receive press, is set to break the The new daily fl ights, 200 King Stallions, which US record of 534 days UK CAA-commissioned is to boost which replaces its partner will replace aging for the most time spent research has found that its Club World (long-haul Delta on this route, comes CH-53Es in service. in space. aircrew's poor English business) class with as Alaskan Airlines took may be increasing the £400m of investment, as the decision to retire Sir On 10 April two Russian Cessna has begun risk of serious aviation well as for the short-haul ’s Virgin cosmonauts and a US assembly-line production accidents. The study not Club Europe. America brand, which astronaut in a Soyuz of its new Citation only highlighted potential Alaska had acquired in capsule safely touched Longitude business jet in misunderstandings Czech manufacturer Aero 2016. The name will be down by parachute in Wichita. The manufacturer caused by non-native Vodochody has unveiled phased out in 2019. Kazakhstan, ending a now has three out of English speakers who may its fi rst modernised L-159 173-day mission on an eventual fi ve fl ight have gained their ICAO ALCA light attack jet and The Sikorsky CH-53K the ISS. Command of test aircraft operating profi ency fraudunately, re-opened the production heavy-lift helicopter has the station has now and Cessna hopes to but also by native British line after a 15-year gap. been approved for full passed to US astronaut certifi cate the aircraft and pilots and controllers due It recently handed over a production by the US Peggy Whitson who, as start deliveries by the end to slang and speaking too two-seat version to the Pentagon. The US Marine AEROSPACE goes to of 2017. quickly. Iraqi Air Force.

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AEROSPACE DEFENCE Natilus plots 777-sized ASRAAM missile fi red from freight seaplane UAVs F-35 for fi rst time A California-based fl y lower and slower Na start-up has tilius than airliners but revealed plans would be faster for a new than ships – air with the goal concept of halving using 200ft- the cost of long seaplane air freight. The UAVs to carry company is set F-35s have conducted the fi rst fi rings of the MBDA ASRAAM air-to-air missile up to 200,000lb of to fl y a smaller 30ft – the fi rst test of a non-US missile by the stealth fi ghter. The test fi rings took frieght. Natilus envisages demonstrator this summer, place in the US, using test F-35s operated from Edwards AFB and NAS that its cargo UAVs (which between Patuxent River. The fi rings mark a key milestone in the integration of ASRAAM would be loaded and and Hawaii, to trial the with UK F-35Bs. unloaded at ports) would concept. Lockheed AIR TRANSPORT SPACEFLIGHT IAG aims to Level up OneWeb breaks ground on new factory Satellite Internet manufacture more that 648 constellation company 150kg satellites as well OneWeb Satellites (a joint as 250 spares. Earlier this venture between OneWeb year, at a RAeS lecture in and Airbus Defence London, OneWeb founder, and Space) has begun Greg Wyler, said that the construction of a new company was considering BA and Iberia parent, IAG, is to launch a new low-cost carrier in June $85m high-volume satellite quadrupling the size of the operating between Barcelona and the US and South America. Named Level, manufacturing factory in low-Earth orbit Ku-band the new budget carrier will fl y Airbus A330s crewed by Iberia pilots and cabin Exploration Park, Florida. broadband constellation staff to and from Los Angeles, Oakland, Buenos Aires, and Punta Cana in the The facility is expected to – with a further 1,972 Dominican Republic. create nearly 250 jobs and satellites. LEVEL NEWS IN BRIEF

. DART 280. The helicopter P-8As for the UK, with NASA has selected is aimed at the training Airbus has revealed delivery in 2019. A British inventor has put commercial launch market with a fi rst fl ight new cabin options for its together a real-life ‘Iron provider United Launch scheduled for October fl agship A380. The 'New As AEROSPACE goes to Man’ style jetpack system Services to provide launch 2018. Forward Stairs' ditches the press, NASA is preparing using model jet engines. services for the National curving 'Grand Staircase' to give instructions to The Daedalus suit uses six Oceanic and Atmospheric US start-up Boom and along with other space its Cassini probe to dive micro jet turbines (four on Administration (NOAA) Aerospace has announced optimisation tweaks, allows between the rings and the arms and two on the Joint Polar Satellite it has raised a further 80 additiional passengers Saturn's atmosphere hips) to provide enough System-2 (JPSS-2) $33m in funding for its to be carried. as part of its 'grand thrust to lift the wearer. mission scheduled for 45-seat supersonic airliner fi nale' after a 13-year The suit, which Richard 2021. project. The funding boost Boeing has received a mission. The probe is Browning (founder of start- now means it will be able Lot 8 $2.2bn contract expected to make 22 up Gravity), has fl own a Austria's Diamond Aircraft to complete the fi rst phase for 17 P-8 Poseidon ever closer passes to gain few metres off the ground has revealed its fi rst rotary- of its plan, which is to fl y martime patrol aircraft. additional data before the so far, also incorporates a wing design – a four seat XB-1, a two-seat Mach 2.2 The production batch atomsphere destroys it in helmet-mounted head-up light helicopter called the demonstrator, in 2018. also includes the fi rst two September 2017. display.

8 AEROSPACE / MAY 2017 AEROSPACE DEFENCE India signs $2bn air defence deal with IAI

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Boeing has launched Aero, a Kirkland, WA GENERAL AVIATION a new start-up developing hybrid business unit, HorizonX electric aircraft concepts. INFOGRAPHIC: European and US aimed at investing Zunum has been secretly in innovation and working on 10-50 seat business aviation differences disruptive technology for hybrid-electric aircraft for aerospace. the past three years, with It revealed the fi rst the goal of lowering seat two HorizonX investments costs by 40-80%. Aimed – one in Upskill, a at revolutionising the Washington DC-based regional airliner market, to company focused on begin with Zunum plans augmented reality to develop a ten-seat solutions for manufacturing 700nm range version by and logistics. The second the 2020s, with a larger investment, in conjunction 50-seat hybrid airliner with with JetBlue Technology a 1,000nm range ready for Ventures, is in Zunum the 2030s.

ON THE named as the new MOVE chairman of Air Canada. He replaces David Oilvier Savin has been Richardson. named as Safran Nacelles’ VP – Customer Rear Adm Mathias Winter Support & Services. has been nominated the next head of the The head of Boeing's Pentagon F-35 Joint new HorizonX venture Programme Offi ce. capital arm is Steve He takes over from Nordlund, formerly VP the USAF’s Lt Gen Strategy at Boeing Christopher Bogdan. Defense and Space. Brandon Mitchener is the Former Austrian Airlines new CE of the European Group head Vagn Buisness Aviation Sorensen has been Association (EBAA). PrivateFly

@aerosociety i Find us on LinkedIn f Find us on Facebook www.aerosociety.com MAY 2017 9 Global Outlook and Analysis with antenna: HOWARD WHEELDON Airlines: service or price?

ince they appeared on the scene in the routes would probably reply saying that as far as early 1990s, the so-called ‘Budget’ airlines short-haul fl ights are concerned, customer feedback have established themselves right across is that they buy tickets primarily based on price Europe and North America and with far offered against that of competing airlines so they lower costs than the long established have little choice but to conform. S‘legacy’ or ‘fl ag-carrier’ airlines and no historic ‘baggage’ to carry, they have tended to be more Race to the bottom? profi table as well. Following the demise of and the But is it all going too far and are the standards of gap that ensued, the subsequent extraordinary rise service that customers have a right to expect being of ‘budget’ airlines through the 1990’s and beyond lowered too much to keep airline ticket prices low? was never going to be easy for ‘legacy’ airlines to In its quest to increase the number of seats halt. To compete and stem the loss of passengers on short-haul European routes, British Airways seeking cheaper ticket prices at the expense of has recently announced its intention to further cut service, ‘legacy’ airlines such as British Airways and the amount of legroom between rows of seats in found themselves compelled to take by one-inch to 29 inches on all of its extreme cost cutting measures and slashing the single-aisle aircraft fl eet, which consists primarily of price of tickets if they were to have any chance of Airbus A320 family aircraft. By doing this the airline surviving the onslaught. should be able to squeeze in at least another couple Legacy airlines almost inevitably carry cost of rows of seats. burdens that budget airlines do not. For a start they For a man of average height, further reducing often carry burdens of history meaning the networks legroom may just about be manageable albeit that they operate rested rather heavily on a belief uncomfortable should the person in front choose to that passengers come to them because they offer a put his seat back. But for a person over six-foot tall higher level of customer service that budget airlines it may be just about intolerable. do not. Not any longer it seems, and as time has Of course, there are those that would argue gone by, to attempt to better match budget airline that larger people have had it far too easy for years competition, legacy airlines are copying budget and that they should be required to pay more for airlines in almost every respect to the extent of tickets or to use . I do not jest and increasing the numbers of seats on aircraft by in researching for this piece one person even had further cutting the amount of legroom, charging for the nerve to say that shorter people have been drinks, food and other refreshments and even going subsidising taller people such as myself for far too as far as to reduce toilet facilities. long! It seems that the old adage ‘if you can’t Cutting the amount of leg room to squeeze beat them, join them’ is the order of the day for more passengers on the aircraft isn’t the only an increasing number of ‘legacy’ airlines these cost saving or revenue-enhancing change that days. The strategy for some is one step short of British Airways has planned. Along with fellow IAG turning themselves into would-be ‘budget’ airlines subsidiaries, Vueling and Iberia, British Airways has and reducing the quality of services offered to now done away with the ‘free’ trolley service for passengers to keep prices low. It is almost as if, economy passengers on all European short-haul rather than see their role as being a ‘passenger routes, replacing this with a chargeable service operation’, an increasing number of European-based selling sandwiches produced by a leading High legacy airlines see their goal as being about the Street brand. This move has not proved popular with moving of ‘passenger freight’. passengers though and, worse, because staff have As descriptions go, this last may be a little harsh to collect money from passengers choosing to use but to passengers travelling on European short-haul it, the overall trolley service offered to passengers routes today, that is increasingly how it appears. takes rather longer than it did before. If challenged on the issue of what they offer Removal of toilet/washroom facilities on passengers, most ‘legacy’ airlines fl ying short-haul short-haul fl ights is yet another of the more recent

10 AEROSPACE / MAY 2017 British Airways

British Airways is balancing squeezing in more seats and axing complimentary meals in economy by boosting its Club World business class.

wheezes used by some airlines in order to further then did not understand customer service or markets increase the number of seats and there are now an or for that matter airline economics in relation to increasing number of complaints heard that, on a mixed short and long-haul. If it had I doubt that it three-hour fl ight, having only one washroom facility would have continued a mixed fl eet operation. available for ‘cattle class’ passengers is too few. I understand, although I cannot confi rm, that one 'Value added' legacy airline has even been doing a trial at London Gatwick whereby they no longer do a full clean of a I confess to having not met with British Airways CEO aircraft each time it lands. Instead, they pay the crew Alex Cruz who came into the IAG Group through a ‘tenner’ to do a swift clean of the aircraft. I am its acquisition of Vueling. Cruz denies trying to turn also told that lavatory tanks are no longer emptied British Airways into a budget or low cost airline until they are at least half full! One unnamed airline and with overheads he has such as operating from source told me that the trial is based on observing Heathrow he would be foolish to do so. But, he does whether passengers notice any difference in how come from an airline and a country, Spain, where clean the aircraft actually is. passengers using the airline are more than prepared Legacy airlines such as British Airways will to pay extra for services including seat assignment. probably always like to claim to be offering a The term to use is selling more ‘value added’ and if better standard of service to that offered by that is the way that British Airways chooses to go budget airlines but today I might be forced to then so be it. observe that there is now very little difference Airline customers are in my view more than between them except for one thing – the reality prepared to pay extra for quality but only if what they is that ticket prices offered by legacy airlines are are paying for gives them what they want. What they still much higher than the equivalent offered by are not prepared to cope with is an airline claiming budget airlines. That is because it isn’t so easy for to be something that it was not through contriving to legacy airlines to dump costly overheads and long- offer better levels of quality that do not exist and yet standing agreements. However, they can at least that make the airline appear to be more expensive usually claim to be taking you to an airport that is and better than its peers. not in the middle of nowhere. British Airways has been down this road before ARE THE Of course, we have been down this road before. and old hands will remember the short-lived attempt For example, I remember when to run with a separate low-cost airline called GO. STANDARDS OF (BCAL) really did focus on customer service and Lufthansa’s low-cost subsidiary Eurowings is doing SERVICE THAT they were probably a far better airline than given the same thing and other newcomers such as CUSTOMERS credit for. Sadly, BCAL was in effect forced to Norwegian Airlines are also joining the low-cost HAVE A operate from Gatwick to protect the then state- ticket price club. subsidised British Airways. I have no idea what it IAG also has plans to start a fi fth brand long- RIGHT TO would look like now if it had been allowed to survive haul budget airline to be called ‘Level’ later this EXPECT BEING as an independent, but I and others regret that year fl ying between Los Angeles, Oakland, Buenos LOWERED TOO BCAL was sacrifi ced by the Thatcher Government Aires and Punta Cana in the Dominican Republic MUCH TO KEEP to allow British Airways to grow in fi nancial strength and link to all IAG airline services – British Airways, under then Chairman Lord King to hasten the Iberia, Aer Lingus and Vueling – that operate on the AIRLINE TICKET airline’s privatisation. Arguably, British Airways back European network. PRICES LOW?

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LETTERS AND ONLINE

Passenger laptop ban @warfaresims [On restarting F-22 production] @anikadmali [On US/ Is this still feasible? Status UK passenger electronics of tooling etc? ban(3)] Absolute rubbish.

Qatar Airways @russhughes66 [On f @comiquaze Why ban Would the lithium batteries Dubai’s fl ying taxis(4)]Great certain carriers and not used to power electronic article in @AeroSociety devices pose more of a Dhaval Panchal [On @ISR_manager [On others? Screening is the magazine about single danger in the hold of an (1) passenger drones coming Circular runways ] This Questions for the RAF to same at some Middle-East aircraft than in the cabin? proposal makes the consider at the Air Power points of departure? This in #Dubai next! most sense for a fully Conference in July(2)] is nuts. @TWMBooth FACT: @HHShkMohd has such autonomous distribution How can a technical placing lithium ion powered amazing plans! #avgeek hub that uses fi xed- wing service keep its people devices in the hold is a distribution drones. at the heart of capability @errolwi Both greater risk to the travelling Passenger aircraft and with all that that entails unsurprising and a very public. @McParlinStephen human pilots would, for EP funding and force incomplete indication of [On Norwegian using especially if mixed, management? usage of banned devices 737 MAX on transatlantic make this a very diffi cult in fl ight. Download a video @paulwoodford Battery routes] That depends challenge. Fully automate or work before fl ight. fi re risk same in cabin but whether point-to-point the drones and air traffi c @mgarica_writer [On would be noticed sooner fl ying beats hub-and-spoke control and it would work UK PM triggering Article and presumably dealt with for transoceanic ops. ATC beautifully. I can see this 50] I heard no mention @StTim Is that a stable by crew. Smokers in lavs a capacity an issue. being used by the likes of of Open Skies issues or door left open? greater danger. Amazon in the future. unifi ed aviation policy. Did I miss them? Eur Ing Bishnujee Singh [On RAeS President Gladiator director to fi lm new Battle of Britain movie @Jinker_de Prof Chris Atkin CEng BIG thanks @MattNixson Red Tails FRAeS being elected to @AeroSociety for was awful! Shame no-one organising our entry into Chair of the Engineering fl ies the bombers anymore. the Kremer Prize Sports Council] Congratulations Wasn’t Spain still fl ying Record Attempt Prof Atkin, we are delighted Heinkels when Battle of @RAeSTimR . Support igg. to hear about your election Britain was fi lmed? me/at/jinker as Engineering Council Chairman.You have been a pro-active President of @GetIntoFlying I’d settle @Mark_Hartshorne RAeS. for a more accurate portrayal At age 17 I played a ouiji of air combat rather than a board with 2 mates and Anthonile Greenman couple of aircraft fl ying close we got ‘talking’ to a spirit trail for fi ve minutes! Congratulations! Wishing United Artists of a man that used to work you all the best in your new While the 1969 Battle of Britain fi lm featured real aircraft will any for @RollsRoyce in Derby! role as the chairman of the proposed Sir Ridley Scott fi lm rely more on CGI techniques? Eerie. Engineering Council. @NZAircraftFan It will be @Gallowayastro [On Sir @thomas_embleton Will diffi cult to fi nd old airfi elds Ridley Scott to direct new it have real Spitfi res and that haven’t been turned @TotherChris [On Battle of Britain movie] Hurricanes? into housing estates to ARCA’s SSTO aerospike Remember the Hurricane shoot this fi lm. rocket] This must be the pilots and please please third, possibly fourth, time please use real planes @bandit4470 Of course we’ve been promised a more than CGI ones. not. It’ll have bloody Mustangs @TheDashingChap working aerospike, linear defeating Messerschmitts. I mean, IMAX cameras or toroid. i Over New York, obviously. strapped on to an actual @48_enever Well he did Spitfi re? Gibbering with Blade Runner excitement! @2385MelkshamSqn make and Richard Betts FRAeS, Alien and he is English, so @ByBenGriffi ths Would Excellent lecture evening Chartered MCIPD we will see. Just hope he be undoubtedly awesome! [On at Defence Academy (1) remembers Pearl Harbor Hopefully not too much @KlingKlang1968 Circular runways ] I Shrivenham last night. that’s all. CGI a la Red Tails. Hopefully no CGI graphics thought April Fools Day Thanks RAeS! was a few days ago. #repeatplease.

12 AEROSPACE / MAY 2017 @PaoloNurra [On Wright Electric promised London- Paris electric fl ights in ten years] In ten years? I bet it will take a little more if the aircraft are of the size in the picture.

@F1isP1 Agree – plenty of reasons listed in article why it won’t happen in ten years. Silvertail Books

@nickadklam123 [On @PeterSharpe11 It will Norman Hanson’s WW2 need 1,686,790kg of memoir Carrier Pilot] It is a lithium ion batteries to superb book, well written NLR carry same ‘fuel’ as 6,400 and absolutely eye opening An EU research project led by The Netherlands NLR has proposed the use of circular runways. gallons of kerosene that to the horrors of the war in A320 carries. the Far East. @teaselstudio1 [On @martinvars 4km @pjennney58 Wow, that Circular runways blog(1)] long circular runways would really wake up the @hervepmorvan In You could kiss your open with terminals inside the sleeping passengers. The @RowlandWhite Listen fairness to Wright, though packet of peanuts goodbye ring are pure genius. An already awake ones would out for the focus of news was on – pinging off the outer endless runway!!! have fun, roller coaster! @RAeSTimR review of batteries, their aircraft windows like bullets. #SILLYIDEAS Norman Hanson’s Carrier seem to be hybrid electric, Pilot at 58.58 on @ with batteries used for @TheVVOldGuy Sorry, AviationXtended. Compares limited and specifi c @TWPILOT1 LVP folks. I may never fl y again. @tangofoxtees If we it to Geoff Wellum’s classic activities. This is aligned operations would be This sounds like a totally wanted to watch expensive First Light ... with current thoughts on impossible. cockamamie idea. accidents on a circle or more electric. Short haul oval, there’s always electric very feasible, @NASCAR & @IndyCar @reaktionbooks indeed at the 20+ year @CcibChris With a 50kt @BryceRemkes As a Delighted to see Satellite horizon and a key area of wind, what is the target professional pilot, both recommended by the research focus for touchdown from what former military and civilian, @eksyau We should let experts at the National @UoNAerospace. precision approach? this is dumbest aviation the EU member states to Aerospace Library idea ever. #idiocy test the circular runway @AeroSociety. bit. before bringing this ly/2o1LH1B @enbikelopedia It’d be concept to the UK. @LancasterDV403 Great fi tting as @IMS started as @radiradi From a @AeroSociety talk 3 April a hot air balloon aviation capacity and ground @ste_barnes [On ‘New by Taylor Downing test site. movement point of view it @AeroSquip Round the materials, structures @ComdtCranwell on photo looks lovely. Me landing on pole ... Attach a long length & manufacturing for recce. Thanks to Calum in it, not any time soon! of string to the roof of air aerospace’ – Seminar, Daedalus Mess for sorting @amob72 If the traffi c and other end of RAeS Sheffi eld Branch] problems. circular runway needs string to wing tip and go Interesting day and some maintenance, what will be @Avgyk Imagine landing for it? great speakers. Thanks the back-up runway? in a heavy cross wind. @AeroSociety! @MehdiAsareh [On Better connections(5)] Good article by Bill @phil_amrc 1. https://www.aerosociety.com/news/would-circular-runways-drive-pilots-round-the-bend/ Read in @AeroSociety’s 2. https://www.aerosociety.com/news/revamped-raf-air-power-conference-to-set-scene-for-centenary-in-2018/ @Prof IainTodd presents AEROSPACE mag, on 3. https://www.aerosociety.com/news/will-security-theatre-of-the-passenger-electronics-ban-bring-the-house-down/ control of microstructure 4. AEROSPACE, April 2017, p 14, Dubai’s fl ying taxis new enhanced satellite 5. AEROSPACE, April 2017, p 34, Better connections in additive manufacture to broadband and infl ight @AeroSociety structures Wi-Fi systems. and materials group conference @TheAMRC Online Additional features and content are available to view online at http://media.aerosociety.com/aerospace-insight

@aerosociety i Findlinkedin.com/raes us on LinkedIn f facebook.com/raesFind us on Facebook. www.aerosociety.comwww.aerosociety.com MAY 2017 13 SPACE FLIGHT Mission to Mercury Mercury ESA Rising

BepiColombo, an ESA/JAXA collaboration, is on a mission to become only the third man-made spacecraft to Mercury and Europe’s first. SARAH CRUDDAS explains more about BepiColombo’s investigation of the first rock from the Sun and what it hopes to discover there.

s far as planets go, Mercury appears BepiColombo To date only two spacecraft have ever visited to gets the raw end of the deal. The Mercury; Mariner 10 in 1974 and Messenger in closest planet to our Sun, it has no 2011, both led by NASA. BepiColombo will be choking thick toxic atmosphere like its Europe’s fi rst mission to the inner most planet. nearest neighbour Venus. Nor does it Its name is in honour of the man who made our haveA unimaginably strange ice volcanoes – known fi rst ever mission to Mercury possible, Italian as cryovolcanoes – like Pluto, yet another world mathematician and engineer Giuseppe Colombo once seen as dull and uninteresting. Even compared (1920-1984), who was better known by his to some of the moons that we know of, such as icy nickname Bepi Colombo. It was Colombo who Europa – likely one of the best candidates for life BepiColombo will be is best known for his work on the planet and his in our Solar System, or fi ery Lo – the most volcanic transported into orbit calculations which enabled the success of the world we know of, Mercury on the surface just by esa’s heavy lift Mariner 10 mission. For his namesake’s mission, seems a little dull. However, a new space mission launch vehicle, Ariane5. the aim is simple; to explore the least known of the known as BepiColombo is set to make this so-often It is scheduled for terrestrial planets in unprecedented detail. overlooked world exciting again. As well as helping lift-off from Europe’s to answer questions about the existence of our own spaceport at Kourou, Ship to Mercury planet and providing support for one of the most French Guiana, in fundamental questions of all humanity; are we alone? October 2018. Currently scheduled for launch next October, the European Space Agency (ESA) is working in close Airbus Defence and Space co-operation with the Japanese Space Agency (JAXA) developing not one but two spacecraft to send to the little-explored world, which will operate in two different orbits. The Mercury Planetary Orbiter (provided by ESA) is designed for remote This artist’s view shows the sensing while the Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter two BepiColombo orbiters (provided by JAXA) is designed for the study of (MPO and MMO) mounted the magnetosphere. Both craft are needed to on top of their transfer module, forming one single- help mission scientists begin to draw conclusions composite spacecraft. on the the formation and evolution of Mercury

14 AEROSPACE / MAY 2017 NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie Institution of WashingtonNASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie

THE BEPICOLOMBO MISSION SHALL PROVIDE THE DETAILED INFORMATION NECESSARY TO UNDERSTAND MERCURY AND ITS MAGNETOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT AND TO FIND CLUES TO THE ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF A PLANET CLOSE TO ITS PARENT STAR. Johannes Benkhoff BepiColombo Project Scientist. A familiar face from the surface of Mercury. ESA and build up a complete description of the planet More than a small interest and its environment. “The BepiColombo mission shall provide the detailed information necessary With all the exciting unexplored places of our own to understand Mercury and its magnetospheric Solar System, is Mercury really that exciting? “While environment and to fi nd clues to the origin and a trip to Mercury may not be on the bucket list of evolution of a planet close to its parent star.” many astronauts, learning more about this small explains BepiColombo Project Scientist, Johannes world is most defi nitely of interest to astronomers. Benkhoff. This is only partly because of the natural curiosity Profe sso With its comprehensive r G we have for a neighbouring planet.” explains iu s e instrumentation, BepiColombo will p Senior Astronomer for the SETI Institute p e provide high-resolution global C Seth Shostak. o l mapping of the planet surface. o Scratch beneath the initial m

b

It is a fl agship mission for the o impressions and Mercury begins

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ESA, with a triple link radio S to become fascinating. It is a place A science instrument together with ) of extremes and scientists want to an accelerometer to correct the know why. A rocky airless world on the disturbance of the spacecraft by outside, that looks just like our Moon, the solar wind will allow high-precision where temperatures vary from –173°C measurements of Mercury’s gravity fi eld. It at night to 427°C during the day. On the is the twin spacecraft approach that will enable inside, it resembles Earth, with an iron core much the study of Mercury’s magnetosphere. “The larger than our own and undergoing strong solar instrumentation is very comprehensive and state of infl uence. It is the only planet other than Earth with the art. We also have several instruments on both a strong magnetic di-pole. According to ESA’s Chief spacecraft which were not present on Messenger. Scientist and Senior Exploration Offi cer Bernard Thus, I strongly believe that the instrumentation Foing; “Mercury can give clues on the structure and of BepiColombo is perfectly suited to obtain evolution of inner planets.” our science goals and to deliver answers to the Presently the least known and explored planet in necessary and also new questions raised by the inner solar system even after NASA’s successful Messenger.” adds Benkhoff. Messenger mission, a precise characterisation

@aerosociety i Find us on LinkedIn f Find us on Facebook www.aerosociety.com MAY 2017 15 BepiColombo (2018) Launch Date: October 2018 Mission Type: Flyby, Orbiter Launch Vehicle: Ariane V SPACE Launch Site: Guiana Space Centre ELA-3 Spacecraft Mass: Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO): 520kg Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter (MMO): 250kg Mission to Mercury Maximum Power: MPO: 600W MMO: 325W Maximum Data Rate: MPO: 50 kilobits per second MMO: 5 kilobits per second ESA The composite ESA/JAXA BepiColombo spacecraft comprises the Mercury Transfer Module (MTM), the Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO), a Sun Shield and the Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter (MMO). In fact, the BepiColombo mission is based on two spacecraft: the ESA-led MPO, a three-axis stabilised and nadir- pointing spacecraft with 11 experiments and instruments, and the JAXA-led MMO, a spinning spacecraft carrying a payload of fi ve experiments and instruments.

of the planet is long overdue. “Being the planet tantalising of all is the possibility that learning more closest to the Sun it represents the inner end- about this rocky airless world could help in our member of the four terrestrial planets. As such search for life elsewhere in the Universe. it plays a fundamental role in constraining and It is safe to say that Mercury never could have testing the competing theories explaining dynamical supported life – at least as we know it. Its proximity and compositional aspects of the formation and to the Sun renders it it too hot and radiation levels evolution of the whole group,” says Benkhoff, “Its and surface temperature would preclude ‘standard’ evolution history is therefore an important piece in biology from ever having taken hold there. That the puzzle?”. Added to this is the fact that Mercury doesn’t mean there couldn’t be something similar has no atmosphere. ‘What happens on Mercury, to Mercury elsewhere in our Universe but in just the stays on Mercury’. The closest rock from our sun is a right place and, with slightly different conditions, time capsule for events more than 4.5bn years ago that could harbour some form of life. “The really when our Solar System was formed. “A solution to compelling reason to check out this neglected the great puzzle of planet formation may be written world is because of what we might learn about in its craggy face.” believes Shostak. many of the trillion or so other planets that clog the Milky Way” believes Shostak. On Earth we Rock in the Solar System have now learned that our own magnetic fi eld is essential – not just for aligning compass needles Knowing more about Mercury’s surface composition but for shielding Earth’s fl ora and fauna from deadly, will also help to provide a key test of competing high-energy particles. “no-one expected Mercury, models for the formation and evolution of the planet whose iron core is presumably as solid as the Bank as well as the other terrestrial worlds including our of England, to have a magnetic fi eld. How does this Earth. According to Benkhoff; “Mercury’s interior happen and would this bode well for the chance that structure will be investigated by the radio science small planets around other stars could be suitable experiment in combination with the laser altimeter for life?” and the high-resolution camera.” Together these instruments will, for the fi rst time, provide an Long time no see accurate determination of the global gravity fi eld and the rotational state of the planet. “Mercury So, if Mercury offers so much potential, why have we IT TURNS OUT can be seen as one end-member of our planetary not been sooner? There was a 36 year gap between THAT SENDING system. Thus, understanding Mercury’s evolution will the end of the Mariner 10 mission, which concluded A SPACECRAFT for sure contribute to a better understanding about in 1975 and NASA’s Messenger mission. Budget TO MERCURY solar system formation.” constraints for scientifi c missions aside, it’s simply It is not just about learning more about Mercury, not easy to send a spacecraft to Mercury and put it REQUIRES or indeed the inner planets. As with all space into an orbit around the planet. “The spacecraft must MORE FUEL missions, the spin-offs in technology bring huge brake against the Sun’s gravity, which increases with THAN SENDING benefi ts to life on Earth, in terms of pushing forward proximity to the Sun, rather than accelerate away A SPACECRAFT human endeavour in technology, helping to enrich from it, as is the case with journeys to the outer life for all of us. There will even be an opportunity Solar System”, explains Benkhoff. It turns out that TO PLUTO! to test Einstein’s Theory of Relativity. Perhaps most sending a spacecraft to Mercury requires more fuel

1 6 AEROSPACE / MAY 2017 MESSENGER (2004) Mariner 10 (1973) Launch Date: 3 August 2004 Mission Type: Flyby, Orbiter Launch Date: 3 November 1973 Mission Type: Flyby Launch Vehicle: Delta II 7925H-9.5 Launch Vehicle: Atlas-Centaur Launch Site: Launch Pad 17B at Cape Canaveral, Fl, USA Launch Site: USA, Launch Complex 36B, Cape Canaveral, Fl, USA Spacecraft Mass: 507.9kg Spacecraft Mass: 502.9kg Maximum Power: 640W Maximum Power: 820W at encounter Maximum Data Rate: 104kb/s Maximum Data Rate: 117.6kb/s than sending a spacecraft to Pluto! To get over this have recently seen some fantastic, yet unexpected fi rst challenge BepiColombo will make clever use of results. For example, they found much more volatile the gravity of the Earth, Venus and Mercury and by material on the surface of Mercury than presumed using solar electric propulsion – or SEP for short! by scientists so far. This result is completely Add to this yet further challenges, for example; incompatible with current formation theories and ‘a very large velocity increment is needed to go to could indicate that all formation theories need to be Mercury of 8km/s.’ aecause it takes Mercury around rewritten.” adds Benkhoff. 56 days to fully rotate on its own axis, this exposes the BepiColombo to extremes of temperatures. The long-awaited return Being the closest planet to our Sun, this brings in yet further challenges. “The radiation environment So much awaits this third mission to a rocky around the Sun is very challenging. High world smaller than some moons and just 58m km temperatures together with the UV radiation of the from our Sun, as we slowly begin to build up an Sun forced industry to develop special materials and understanding of the planet as part of the bigger protections for many components”, says Benkhoff. jigsaw puzzle of pieceing together clues about the The thermal insulation blankets which have been objects in our Solar System, the universe beyond developed for the craft have more than 60 layers and life itself. Back on Earth, BepiColombo which, and need to withstand temperatures of almost 400° if the launch schedule is kept, will likely arrive in the throughout the mission. The planet is also inaccessible for the large ground-based telescopes as well as the Hubble ESA Space Telescope. This is because, from the Earth, Mercury’s maximum elongation to the Sun is 28º. This means it is therefore visible for just two hours at most and at very low altitude either before sunrise or after sunset and none of these telescopes can take measurements this close to the Sun. The previous missions to Mercury succeeded and they have laid the foundations for not only the technology being developed for BepiColombo but also the type of research and instrumentation that needs to be developed for this mission. From Mariner 10 we learned about using gravity assist to reach other planets in our Solar System. The craft was able to visit Mercury after using the gravity of Venus to assist it on its way, a technique now commonplace for space missions. Mariner 10 revealed for the fi rst time for all of us back on Earth what the closest planet to our Sun looked like. A rocky Moon-like surface, with craters, ridges Artist’s impression of mid-2020s, will also act as a boost for planetary and chaotic terrain. It revealed the planet’s weak BepiColombo – ESA’s fi rst science in Europe. Traditionally this has been an mission to Mercury. It will be magnetic fi eld and, at its closest, Mariner 10 was conducted in cooperation area where the US leads the way but the hope from just 703km from its surface. The spacecraft used with Japan. ESA’s Mercury those on the project is the high technology and the pressure of the Sun on its solar panels and high Planetary Orbiter (MPO) will leading edge of the mission will help to inspire a gain antenna like a solar sail for altitude control. be operated from ESOC, ‘can do’ attitude in Europe. An incredible achievement in exploration when you Germany. However, as the saying goes, ‘space is hard’. Yes, consider that 16 years before it had launched, only it is so often over used but it is simply true. We have Sputnik had left the confi nes of our home planet. only been exploring space for shy of 60 years. Our Then came a break of more than three decades reconnaissance of the classical planets (including before NASA launched Messenger. The goal to Pluto) was only completed in 2015 with the explore the smallest densest and least explored success of Horizons 2015. In terms of becoming planet, and its ending in 2015 saw the craft smash a spacefaring species we are still in our infancy. into the surface of Mercury. As well as bringing There will be challenges with BepiColombo, hard back the most incredible images to date, among the technical challenges because of the travel, the close plethora of achievements and discoveries, included proximity to the Sun and the high temperatures the the discovery of a Great Valley and the fi rst global craft will face. It is BepiColombo and this new era topographic model, was confi rmation of water ice of planetary science missions which will truly help in some of the polar craters unthinkable but true push us forward in our understanding of the Solar for the planet closest to the Sun. Even though the System, as well as inspiring many more to reach for mission is now over, data is still coming back: “We the stars.

@aerosociety i Find us on LinkedIn f Find us on Facebook.com www.aerosociety.com MAY 2017 17 PLANE SPEAKING Mark Burns Gulfstream Gulfstream Plane speaking with Mark Burns We spoke to Gulfstream Aerospace President, MARK BURNS about development of its new G500 and G600 business jets, the pre-owned market and the outlook for business jet manufacturing.

AEROSPACE: You have been in post now since aviation, and it’s just an honor to know I’m part of February 2015. What have been your highlights so their team. They have a commitment to Gulfstream far? and to excellence that is second to none. I feel very fortunate. MB: I have experienced many great moments over those nearly two years. Many of them have to do with our two in-development aircraft, the Gulfstream G500 AEROSPACE: The business aviation industry is still and G600. I have watched four new fl ight-test aircraft reeling somewhat from the 2008 fi nancial shock. join the G500 test program, putting that aircraft How has Gulfstream weathered the storm? well on its way to earning type certifi cation from the MB: We haven’t been without challenges, but Federal Aviation Administration later this year. ultimately, I think we have continued to be a leader Along those same lines, we closed 2016 with the in the business aviation industry. There are a fi rst fl ight of the Gulfstream G600 on 17 December. number of reasons for that. First and foremost, we Seeing that aircraft take off from Savannah was have a tremendous partner in our parent company, breath-taking, especially since the chase plane General Dynamics. They have a long-range plan and was the Gulfstream G500. It was a truly incredible stick to it. So, while other companies were pulling experience to stand side-by-side with our employees back, we were going forward, carrying out two and see their excitement. Even though it was a aircraft development and fl ight-test programs: the Saturday, we had quite a crowd assembled to watch Gulfstream G650 and the Gulfstream G280. We these two aircraft. It demonstrated the dedication and Top left: Gulfstream were also in the midst of developing the G500 and commitment of our employees that they would come Aerospace President, G600, although those programs were not public at Mark Burns. out on a Saturday to watch an aircraft take off. the time. Thanks to General Dynamics, we invest Top right: G500. That brings me to my next highlight: getting for the long-term, dedicating a consistent fl ow Top opposite page: G600. to lead such an incredible team of people, many Lower opposite page: of resources to researching and developing new of whom I’ve known for years. Every day, I meet Gulfstream G500/G600 aircraft, new technologies and new services that and interact with the brightest minds in business production line. provide value to our customers.

18 AEROSPACE / MAY 2017 Gulfstream AEROSPACE: A couple of companies are now aiming to bring supersonic fl ight back and NASA is working on a quiet supersonic X-plane. Are you tempted to revisit Gulfstream’s supersonic research in the area? MB: Ever since Gulfstream developed the Quiet Spike sonic-boom mitigator in 2006, it has had a small team dedicated to researching sonic-boom mitigation and working with the authorities to remove the ban on fl ying supersonically over land.

AEROSPACE: As well as VIP and corporate customers, Gulfstream also supplies military and government customers with special mission aircraft. What is the current split between your civil and military sales? Do you see that balance changing as some customers mull replacing larger aircraft (eg

Gulfstream JSTARS) with bizjets? MB: Government and special mission aircraft represent a small, but important, portion of our worldwide fl eet. Our is the ideal platform for special missions thanks to its ability to fl y at higher altitudes, achieve higher speeds and fl y longer ranges. Combine that performance with an unrivalled cabin environment – low cabin altitudes and 100% fresh air – and you have the perfect platform to support a wide range of special mission applications, including medevac; conformal airborne early warning (CAEW); atmospheric research; maritime patrol and surveillance; and intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (IS&R). In the US alone, Gulfstream aircraft serve the military as well as several government agencies.

Beyond that, I think we are most disciplined in our production and business practices, especially AEROSPACE: How do you think new President when it comes to establishing manufacturing rates I THINK WE’VE Trump will affect business aviation? On the one hand and aircraft pricing, retaining our customers’ residual WORKED HARD he seems to be an enthusiastic user of business value and setting a prudent trade-in policy. And, aviation – but on the other are you worried that US fi nally, we’re committed to delivering on our promises, WITH INDUSTRY protectionism could end up damaging key markets – and even exceeding them. The investments we’ve ORGANISATIONS for example China? made in our ground-based labs, our employees’ TO INFORM MB: We have seen positive economic signs following development and our fl ight-test programme for the MEDIA AND the US Presidential election, but it is too soon to tell G500 and G600 refl ect that commitment and have POLITICIANS how this will impact our business and the industry allowed us to move customer deliveries up to 2017 over the long-term. We’ll continue to work with and 2018, respectively. ABOUT THE advocacy groups, such as GAMA and NBAA, to create STRATEGIC awareness around the needs of the business aviation community and to represent the industry on policies AEROSPACE: With the industry still sluggish, has BENEFITS OF that could impact our business. Business aviation the pre-owed segment impacted on sales on new BUSINESS needs to be recognised for the high-tech jobs we have aircraft? AVIATION AS and continue to create, which helps our economy. MB: The used aircraft market is very active. We see WELL AS ITS transactions related to pre-owned aircraft come IMPORTANT AEROSPACE: China and the Asia-Pacifi c are big through our service centres on a daily basis. The ROLE IN value in the pre-owned market is something our markets for Gulfstream. What is the reason for customers always consider in today’s market. The THE WORLD your success there – given that it seems that many products we have, such as the G650, G500 and ECONOMY. buyers went direct to large-cabin aircraft, rather than ‘trade-up’ in size? G600, enable us to compete with new technologies Mark Burns and innovations that aren’t seen in the larger portion President MB: We made a decision to invest in the of the pre-owned market. Gulfstream Aerospace China market many years before the China

@aerosociety i Find us on LinkedIn f Find us on Facebook.com www.aerosociety.com MAY 2017 19 20 13,313 (2014) ofemployees:Number (2016) Aircraft delivered: (2016) Aviation): division (incJet Dynamics’s aerospace Revenue ofGeneral Dynamics General Parent Company: Savannah, US Georgia, Headquarters: Founded:

AEROSPACE / MAY A GulfstreamG280. Gulfstream Mark Burns SPEAKING PLANE 1958 $8.362bn

2017

115 and G600willhavethefi will worktheirwayintothemainstream.The G500 those labsandintroducedontheG500G600 of theinnovativetechnologies we’vedevelopedin same facilityasourground-basedlabs.Ithinksome the twoandputsourengineerspilotsin and theG500G600building,which combines include threeoffi a singleoffi The campuswasestablishedinMarch 2006with at ourResearch andDevelopmentCentrecampus. more than1,500engineersanddesignersworking invested signifi company GeneralDynamics,Gulfstreamhas MB: do youinvestinR&D? going mainstream?What percentageofyourprofi see fromGulfstream’s latestaircraftthatwillendup of thelatestaviationtechnology fi Businessjetsoftenpioneersome AEROSPACE: to Europe,Africa orNorthAmericanonstop. and speed,which allowcustomerstofl customers inChinaduetotheirtremendousrange success. Ourlong-rangeaircraftareideallysuitedfor craftsmanship ofouraircraftareatthecentre the performance,reliability, safety, qualityand market. Ofcourse,itgoeswithoutsayingthat our customersanda70%shareofthelarge-cabin we’ve madehaveearnedussolidstandingwith with nearlytenpeople.Ultimately, theinvestments Kong, aswellanAsiaCustomerContact Centre in GreaterChinawithoffi aircraft there.We havemorethan75peoplebased opened in2012,we’veservicedmorethan600 Gulfstream Beijing,andit’s doingwell.Sinceit manufacturer toopenaservicecentreinChina, the long-term.We werethefi ever since,buildingourpresenceandinvestingfor our fi business-aviation marketdeveloped.We delivered

rstaircrafttherein2003andwe’vebeen Over thepastdecade,thankstoourparent cebuildingandovertimehasgrownto cantlyinitsresearch efforts,with cebuildings,adedicatedlabfacility cesinBeijingandHong rstactivecontrolsidesticks rstoriginalequipment rst.What canwe yfromthere ts more than200hoursoffl G600 inlateDecember, theaircrafthaveachieved Since welaunched thefl well, withtwoaircraftfl fl aircraft hadaccumulatedmorethan2,600hoursof with afullyoutfi aircraft fl entry-into-service datestocustomers.There arefi well,infact,thatwewereabletomoveuptheir So MB: campaigns? in conductingtwonear-simultaneousfl through fl new G500andG600modelsastheyprogress AEROSPACE: company stronger. of learning.This makesourproducts betterandour engineering workforcehascreatedanenvironment the continuedandconsistentinvestmentinour way intothebroaderaviationcommunity. Ibelieve see thattechnology, which enhancessafety, fi in businessaviation,anditwouldbewonderfulto feedback intofuturedesigns. closely withthemtoensurewe’reincorporatingtheir Weand theG650wasborn. continuetowork Customers toldustheywantedtogofartherfaster, teams thathelpedusdesigntheGulfstreamG650. Advisory Team. Itwasthefeedback fromthose Board andourAdvancedTechnology Customer design processthroughourCustomerAdvisory ask fornext. That’s whywemakethempartofour MB: connectivity,onboard moresafety features? will customersaskfor–evenmorerange,faster you seethismarketevolvinginthefuture?What itself inlong-range,large-cabinaircraft.Howdo AEROSPACE: ighttime.The G600programmeisdoingequally

The G500andG600aredoingextremely well. It’s diffi yingintheG500programme,includingone ighttest?Arethereanyspecialchallenges culttoknowjustwhatcustomerswill ttedinterior. Asof lateMarch, those Can yougiveusanupdateonthe Gulfstream hasmadeanamefor ying and a third about tobe. yingandathirdabout ight-testprogrammeforthe ighttime. ighttest ndits ve AEROSPACE: What do you think makes Gulfstream Gulfstream stand-out from its other business aviation competitors? MB: I think what differentiates Gulfstream is the commitment of our employees to delivering on our promises. All of our in-production aircraft entered service on time with capabilities that met or exceeded what we promised. The G650, for example, had 1,000nm more range than we promised (6,000nm vs 5,000). With the Gulfstream G550, we delivered the PlaneView fl ight deck with enhanced vision, an industry fi rst. With the G280, we delivered 200nm more range. It’s important for us to create value for our customers by listening to what they want and ensuring we deliver it. Our people make this happen. A Gulfstream G650.

AEROSPACE: What would you say to those critical of business aviation as ‘rich boys toys’? Should the industry be doing more to change its image and toward both a high-school diploma and a technical explain its social and economic benefi ts to media college degree. and politicians? We also collaborated with local business to launch a program of our own called the Student Leadership MB: Those critical of business aviation do not Program. In that program, we mentor high-school understand the benefi ts of our products and students, helping them develop life skills, explore services. It’s proven that companies using business available career paths and develop a post-graduation aircraft grow faster and create more jobs. Safety, career plan. We started the program in Savannah, fl exibility, reliability and performance are important Georgia, which is home to our headquarters, and then whether you’re traveling for business or pleasure. I expanded it to Brunswick, Georgia, and Appleton, think we’ve worked hard with industry organisations Wisconsin. to inform media and politicians about the strategic We also have Job Shadow Programs at our benefi ts of business aviation as well as its important facilities in Westfi eld, Massachusetts, and Dallas, role in the world economy. Gulfstream alone . Preparing the next-generation workforce is a employs some 15,000 people around the world. priority for Gulfstream. General aviation as a whole employs more than 1.1 million and makes a total economic contribution of more than $219bn. Business aviation is a AEROSPACE: We are heading into EBACE in May. cornerstone of our worldwide economy. What aircraft will Gulfstream be taking there and what will the big message be? AEROSPACE: Following on from that, aviation MB: We will have the four-living-area Gulfstream as a whole is facing a skills crisis and a shortage G650ER, the Gulfstream G550 and the Gulfstream of young people entering this industry. What is G280 on static display. If the testing schedule allows, Gulfstream doing to attract the next generation into we may bring a Gulfstream G500. Our focus will be aerospace and specifi cally business aviation? on our fl ight-test programs, as we systematically march through key test points en route to customer MB: We have a number of programmes in place deliveries at the end of 2017 for the G500 and that we hope will get the next generation of bright 2018 for the G600. young minds interested in aerospace and business aviation. We have a Youth Apprentice program that allows local high-school students to split their time AEROSPACE: Finally, what do you perceive as the between school and working at Gulfstream to gain biggest challenge facing business aviation today? real-world experience and hands-on mentoring. MB: The biggest challenge any business aviation Right now, we have apprentices working in 37 company faces is to develop new products and different job functions, including quality control, services that customers need. In my almost 35 years accounting, aircraft maintenance operations and in this industry, I have seen markets move up and engineering. down. To ensure success in any market conditions, We offer dual high school and technical college you must have products and services that are high enrollment, which allows high school students with quality, reliable and innovative. I am confi dent the an interest in technical jobs to take courses at G650, G500 and G600 will be successful in today’s one of Georgia’s technical colleges to earn credits market.

@aerosociety i Find us on LinkedIn f Find us on Facebook.com www.aerosociety.com MAY 2017 21 GENERAL AVIATION → → → → RAeS Design Competition Flight design

TONY BISHOPBISHOP reports onon The The RAeS RAeS General General Aviation Aviation Group Group Design Competition which aims to stimulate innovative designs and interest in using E-Conditions for proving new concepts in the air, and hence revitalise the UK’s GA industry.

hroughout 2016, design teams were Entries from schools and groups of individuals hard at work on their entries. The rules just needed the business case and parts 1 and 2. invited any fi xed-wing aircraft design A total of eleven initial entries were received and that came within the new E-conditions seven submitted full entries. which allow experimental aircraft of The big innovation themes were electric and Tunder 2,000kg to be designed, built and tested hybrid power and carbon composite structures with the absolute minimum of paperwork. which were used in all the entries. Dramatic The entries had to follow the format of an actual reductions in battery costs, along with a slow E-conditions submission: but steady increase in energy per unit weight, 1. Concept sketch now make electric power much more attractive.

2. Details of the aircraft Small, light, electric motors allow the power Below: The 3. Flight test programme to be distributed, allowing many innovative winning team confi gurations. This was featured in three entries. from Polytechnic 4. Risk assessment University of and, in addition, a business case. The judges were impressed by the quality of Milan. Entries from commercial companies and higher all the entries and commended them all. Choosing from the award winners was not easy. educational institutions had to completep all parts.

The Hybris

1. Built with batteries – The Hybris

A team of students won the competition with this four-seat off Kokam lithium-ion batteries use carbon composites ffor design. It is aimed at the training and leisure markets currently or both structural strength and as a battery component. These dominated by Piper and Cessna aircraft. These typically have a are supplemented by an additional 44kg of conventional range of 500nm and a cruise speed of at least 100kt. batteries. The total energy stored is 25kWh. In pure electric This entry was aimed well into the future, using batteries that form and with a conventional structure, the aircraft has only form much of the secondary structure. This is still in the research 300nm range. This is increased to 500nm using structural labs, so will be a few years coming. Each battery cell has a batteries and a hybrid confi carbon composite component which is designed to form part of guration. The estimated selling price is about £410,000; slightly the aircraft structure. Most of the fuselage skin and much of the higher than the Cirrus SR22 and Pipistrel Panthera. wing skin are made from these structural batteries – in areas Operating cost is predicted to be about 20% lower than a carrying lower stresses. Cirrus SR22. It uses a hybrid powertrain, with a 200kW ENSTROJ The judges particularly liked the thorough approach Emrax 268 MV CC Avio electric motor. A Continental CD-155 taken by the team, from the comprehensive market survey, drives another Emrax, this time used as a generator. It runs at a through the detailed assessment of how to incorporate the continuous 71kW to recharge the batteries in the cruise. 116kg structural batteries, to the operating cost analysis. 22 AEROSPACEAERAEREROSPS ACEACE / MMAYAYAY 2022017017 2. Multiple motors – the Pegasus VI

Team Pegasus is a Bristol team that came second with the Pegasus VI. This is an aircraft aimed at the fractional ownership/charter market, and accommodates a pilot and fi ve passengers. Its range is 700nm and it is designed for small fi elds and short turnaround times. This is the market currently dominated by the Cessna 208, Piper PA-46 and Cirrus SR22. This should be a feasible proposition within a few years if several development hurdles can be overcome. It would introduce digital fl y-by-wire to much cheaper aircraft than possible until now. Another novel feature is the wing, which is blown by multiple propellers at low speed and also uses variable geometry to achieve a stall speed of 46kt and short fi eld performance of 300m. The six motors provide a total of 225kW during take-off. An Austro Engine AE300 diesel, scaled to 135kW, is used to reduce cruise fuel and is sized for cruise at 155kt. It generates power for the batteries. The 45kWh batteries weigh 71.5kg, and provide extra power for take-off and climb. They are re- charged during descent to provide enough power for a go-around. The Pegasus VI The structure is of carbon fi bre and foam core, using resin infusion manufacturing to reduce costs. Attachments in the , control surfaces and pylons are of titanium, made using additive layer manufacturing (ALM). Team Pegasus believe that they can develop and test a prototype for a total of £3m and meet a target selling price of £500,000. The judges were impressed by the range of innovative features incorporated by the team but wondered whether so much development was achievable within the budgeted development cost. This entry also included a good risk assessment.

p 3. Panoramic pleasure – the fl iMAX A second version is aimed at the leisure pilot and oobobservations markets. This uses a light-weight 30kW Wankel The Cambridge-based fl iMAX team came third with a design kel engine to recharge 12kWh batteries and to provide cruise focused on the sightseeing market. These fl ights in places power for 100kt over fi like the Grand Canyon are severely limited by noise. But ve hours with 61kg of fuel. The throttle can demand regeneration on the descent and they’re also quite short, and fl own at low speeds, so ideal for reverse thrust. Brakes are replaced by electric motors, which an all-electric aircraft. It’s designed for quick turnarounds and can be used for effi short fi elds. cient taxi and initial take-off as well as Seating is for a pilot plus two or three passengers. The braking. The rudder is fl y-by-wire and backed up by differential motor power. passengers’ seats are raised to provide a panoramic view The carbon fi through the large glazed area. They have screens, showing the bre structure is cured at high temperature so that the aircraft can be painted any colour and kept outside. view through a high quality camera on the nose, which they Additive manufacturing is used to make several complex parts can control with a joystick to record images and videos. IFR in aluminium and titanium. capability means that it can be used to watch the night sky. It’s designed around existing technologies and Selling price is around £250,000 and development costs about £2.5m. components. The base version is powered by four Joby The judges felt this was clearly the best of the group/ JM2 motors on the tail (for minimum noise) with continuous m individual class of entries. The selected market niche is an power of 19kW each. Energy comes from 34kWh of Kokam interesting one but, as always with any unproven market, it is batteries. Duration is one hour plus reserves, with a cruisese diffi cult to forecast demand. The use of current technology and speed of 85kt. components is clearly an advantage.

The fl iMAX

@aerosociety i Find us on LinkedIn f Find us on Facebook www.aerosociety.com MAY 2017 23 GENERAL AVIATION → → → → → → RAeS Design Competition → →

ElectrifyingEleecctr electrics – The Electrofl ight P1e The Electrofl ight P1e

ElectroflEEllec ight Ltd, led by Roger Target, aim to ‘design and build the world’s fastest,ffa most innovative, electric powered aircraft’, which will set speed and time-to-height records and go on to establish a new form of air- racing. He’s already done much AEROSPACEdevelopment ,work, March and 2017). has been widely publicised. (see ‘Bright Sparks’, The aim is to achieve 250kt at sea level and climb (vertically!) at 9,000fpm. It’s a single seat aircraft, designed for ±15g, using two co-axial motors generating a total 244kW to drive contra-rotating propellers. The structure is carbon/honeycomb sandwich. Roger is actively seeking funding for this record-breaker.

Electric rain – University of CanardCCan for oldies – Gemini

A team from the University of Liverpool targeted the AndyA McKee designed the Gemini for ageing private pilots who cloud-seeding market, a fi ve-seat aircraft cruising at want an accessible, comfortable and ergonomic light aircraft and, 170kt and climbing to 25,000ft for a 500nm cruise. of course, have the money to pay for it. It has keyless entry and Power is from a 260kW Siemens electric motor. a much-simplifi ed cockpit. The canard confi guration prevents stalls. Twin electric pusher motors at the back provide the thrust, The Electric rain minimising cabin noise. Cruise speed is 150kt with a range of 700nm. The rear wheels are under the fi ns (‘though not clear how it rotates on take-off), providing a very wide track. Batteries are charged by a turbo-diesel.

Gemini

Tesla Tornado – University of Liverpool

Another team from Liverpool also set about the world speed record for electric aircraft to raise awareness of the need for greener aircraft. It aims to raise the record from 174kt to 200kt. It uses a motor from a Tesla model S car, rated at 310kW, and 7700 Panasonic batteries to give 80kWh of energy. bre. ter? Structure is mixed aluminium alloy and carbon fi Think you can do bet

2018 RAeeS DeD siggn Como petittion Tesla Tornado The The nextt RAeS Geeneral Aviation Design Group General Aviation Group AGM CoC mpetittion wiw lll be annnounced in September. The GA Group You can enter as a corporar tion, accademic will be holding its AGM at t dreaam 4pm on T innstitute, or ono e or more individuals.s Jus hursday 25 May at Hamilton odifii catioon too Place. All up an innovaative new aircrafa t or m are welcome. If you are keen fi xex d-wiw ng or non t to join the an existing aircraaft. ItI can be committee you are invited to er sourccee. It justs has to contact the and iti cann usee any pow Group through the Society’s ns. conference offi be with E-conddittio ce (+44 (0)20 7670 keep the rules the saamme each 4345 [email protected]. We plaan too urs, The AGM will be f yey ar, sos that whhennever your idea occc ollowed by The Ann titioon to enter. Welch lecture given by there e’ll alwayys be another compe Steve Pozerskis, Academic instituutes can also encourageg student Registered Valuer, Bruton Knowles. prp ojects every year. Entries shhouldd be senttt to: AEROSPACE / MAYY 2012020170 7 2 4 confn ere ene cece@a@ erosocietyy.ccomm Images courtesy of www.defencephotography.com

34,038 VISITORS FROM ACCESS THE REGISTER TO 108 COUNTRIES GLOBAL MARKET ATTEND TODAY (6% INCREASE IN 2015) 76% AT THE WORLD OF ATTENDEES DECISION MAKERS OR AIR LEADING DEFENCE SPECIFIERS (DSEI 2015) & SECURITY EVENT LAND 1,683 N AVA L EXHIBITORS To enquire and reserve your exhibition space contact: REPRESENTING THE T: +44 (0)20 7384 7770 E: [email protected] SECURITY WHOLE SUPPLY CHAIN Register to attend: WWW.DSEI.CO.UK/RAES JOINT 42 INTERNATIONAL Supported by Platinum Sponsors Organised by PAVILIONS RAAF

SHOW REPORT Avalon 2017

Avalon 2017 smashes records

JEFF LOCK reports on the thunder down under at this year’s Australian Aerospace and Defence Exhibition at Avalon, held on 28 February - 5 March.

irshow 2017 delivered a record domestic and 79 international (from 45 countries). crowd. Total attendances over the “We have established ourselves as the premier six days were 210,664, breaking aviation, aerospace and defence trade event the previous record, set in 2001, by in Australia and the Asia Indo-Pacifi c region,” more than 9,000. Total public day Honnery said. “We have become an important A USAF F-22 thrilled attendancesA were 176,742 and the industry-only driver of Australia’s aerospace and defence sector spectators in the trade days had 33,922 attendances, again a record. and provided a shop window for local technology fl ying display. Airshow CEO Ian Honnery said total crowd numbers innovators and, as such, we brought the world to were up more than 20% on the 2015 event. Australia and took Australia to the world.”

RAAF Honnery continued: “There were many factors Honnery thanked the Airshow major that contributed to this outstanding result,” he said. stakeholders. “The support of the Royal Australian “We were blessed with perfect weather and had a Air Force (RAAF), the State Government of Victoria great array of aircraft, including the two Joint Strike and the City of Greater Geelong is vital to our Fighters which were making their Australian debut. ongoing success,” he said. “They play a key role and I thank our patrons, exhibitors and stakeholders for without them the Airshow would not exist.” contributing to this brilliant outcome.” Total aircraft attendances were 634, of which The Airshow’s associated trade show, the 328 were participating aircraft on display. There Aerospace and Defence Exhibition, was also highly were 108 military aircraft taking part from eight successful. It attracted a record 664 participating nations. Of these, 61 were from the RAAF and exhibitor companies from Australia and 25 overseas 12 from the USAF. “The RAAF brought a record countries. Companies exhibiting at the event were number of aircraft to this Airshow,” Honnery said. exposed to more than $24bn worth of business “We are also appreciative of the involvement of the opportunities. The event also attracted 158 USAF which has been a long time supporter of Australian and foreign delegations, including 79 ours.”

22 AEROSPACE / MAY2017 soundslikecrisps RAAF RAAF

Avalon 2017 witnessed brilliant fl ying Technologies (Victoria), and Heat Treatment displays featuring a cavalcade of military heavy Australia (Qld, NSW, Victoria). metal, including the two F-35s, F-22 Raptor, The PM continued: “It is an example of how Super Hornets, F-16s, Hawks, the giant C-17A our defence industry plan is not simply securing Globemaster III, swarms of attack helicopters, our Air Force and our Army and our Navy with the and vintage aircraft (Lockheed C-121C Super capabilities they need to keep us safe in the 21st WE HAVE Constellation and warbirds) re-living their glory century but it is driving the advanced manufacturing, ESTABLISHED days. The unmanned aerial vehicles were well the jobs, the advanced technology that Australians OURSELVES AS represented in the ‘Drone Zone’ celebrating all need to make sure our children and grandchildren (aviation) things remotely controlled. have the opportunities in the years ahead.” THE PREMIER Defence Minister Marise Payne said the F-35s AVIATION, RAAF F-35s roar in (referred to as Gen 5 capability) were: “Game- AEROSPACE changing” for the RAAF. “They will provide the air On Friday 3 March, 2017 VIPs, including Prime force with the ability to execute air combat missions AND DEFENCE Minister Malcolm Turnbull, Defence Minister Marise which were previously beyond our scope. In fact, not TRADE EVENT Payne, Defence Industry Minister Christopher too long ago, previously beyond our imagination,” IN AUSTRALIA Pyne and Lockheed Martin CEO Marillyn Hewson, she said. “The F-35 has stealth built into it, right AND THE ASIA welcomed the F-35s to Australia. The two F-35As from the start. Its fuel tanks, its weapons and are currently based at Luke Air Force Base in the sensors are on the inside of the aircraft. They can INDO-PACIFIC US but were fl own to Australia for the fi rst time by share information with other aircraft, including the REGION RAAF pilots on the Monday. Their debut in Australia Army, the Navy and those of our allies and coalition comes 15 years after the Federal Government partners.” Ian Honnery fi rst announced Australia would participate in the Accounting fi rm PricewaterhouseCoopers CEO Aerospace Australia ‘system development and demonstration phase’ of has examined the economic impact of the jet’s Limited the US-led Lockheed Martin Joint Strike Fighter production and maintenance programme and programme. predicts the number of jobs generated in Australia PM Turnbull paid tribute to Australian defence by the F-35 will double to 5,000 by 2023. technology used to build the Lighnining IIs. To date The Government is preparing to spend $17bn Australian companies have received over $800m on 72 F-35 aircraft, with the fi rst expected to be worth of F-35 contracts and defence estimates that delivered to Australia in 2018 and enter service Australian industry participation in production of the in 2020. During the airshow the head of the some 3,100 F-35s on order today will reach over US-led JSF program, Lieutenant General Chris $2bn by 2023 with further opportunities beyond Bogdan, said Australia could eventually expect to that date. pay under $A106m for each F-35, as the cost of Australian companies participating in the F-35 the aircraft continues to fall. As a comparison the project are A W Bell (Victoria), Marand (Victoria), cost of a current F16 fi ghter (Gen 4 capability) is Quickstep (NSW), Levett Engineering (SA), Lovitt approximately $A80m. RAAF

@aerosociety Find us on LinkedIn Find us on Facebook www.aerosociety.com MAY 2017 27 SHOW REPORT Avalon 2017 joolsgriff RAAF Peter Myers

Historic route draws echoes Southern Cross, on the fi rst ever west-to-east aerial crossing of the Pacifi c Ocean. The trans-Pacifi c fl ight of the two RAAF F-35 The F-35, with its array of on-board sensors, aircraft to Australia marked several fi rsts, including supersonic performance and designed-in stealth the fi rst time the Lightning II has operated in the technology, represents a formidable advance in southern hemisphere. Piloted by Sqn Ldrs Andrew aviation capability beyond the wildest dreams of Jackson and David Bell – Australia’s fi rst qualifi ed Kingsford Smith. One notable coincidence, though, is F-35 pilots – the two F-35s transited a distance of that both the Lockheed Altair and F-35 are powered more than 16,000km (8,000nm) from their current by Pratt & Whitney engines. However, the F135 home at Luke AFB outside of Phoenix, Arizona, to engine on the F-35A generates more than 100 RAAF Base Amberley in Brisbane. times the power of the Altair’s Wasp nine-cylinder The return fl ight of the F-35s to the US also radial piston engine. The F-35s transit from Australia has great historical signifi cance, replicating the to the US was completed in less than three days and 1934 fl ight of Australian aviation pioneer Sir a total fl ying time of approximately 20 hours. , who fl ew his single engine The F-35s were refuelled in-fl ight by RAAF Lockheed Model 8D Altair aircraft, named Lady KC-30 tanker crews and made overnight stops at Andersen AFB on Guam and Hickam AFB, joolsgriff Honolulu, Hawaii, before completing the transit to Luke AFB, Arizona, on 10 March. In comparison with the smooth transit for the F-35s, fl ying over 30,000ft at an average speed of 450kt, the trans-Pacifi c crossing by the Lockheed Altair Lady Southern Cross was signifi cantly more arduous, with a fl ight time of 52 hours, at an altitude of no more than 15,000ft and an average speed of 150kt. The F-35 is a worthy inheritor of Kingsford Smith’s legacy and continues the more than 80-year ties between Lockheed Martin aircraft, Pratt & Whitney engines and aviation in Australia.

RAeS Australian Division at Avalon Growler makes Avalon 2017 is two concurrent events – an exhibition and trade show (Tuesday to Friday lunch time) followed Avalon debut by a public airshow (Friday afternoon and evening, Saturday, and Sunday). The Australian Division accepted an invitation from Avalon 2017 (Aerospace Australia Ltd) to participate fully. The Branch took As well as the F-35, on this responsibility to manage the presence at Avalon 2017 and was supported by members from Sydney another sign of future and Canberra Branches. During the airshow the display was visited by many senior aerospace professionals, Australian air power including the RAeS President Prof Chris Atkin, accompanied by our Australian Division President, John was two RAAF Boeing Vincent. The presentation of our display was changed dramatically for the public days when our Canberra EA-18G Growlers Branch presented ’Cool Aeronautics’. As background, Cool Aeronautics was fi rst launched in Australia in which made their 2009 and is based on the very successful programme established in the UK named Cool Aeronautics – fi rst apperance at which is the RAeS STEM outreach programme that aims to introduce school children (particularly primary Avalon. The RAAF is age) and the public to the fascinating world and people of fl ying, aerospace engineering and space. In set to receive 12 of particular, Cool Aeronautics embodies the Society’s aim to ‘promote aerospace and aviation to a new the electronic warfare generation’. Canberra Branch representatives Assoc Prof Andrew Neely (who is also the new Australian aircraft. Division President) and Sqn Ldr Evan Smith re-arranged our stand with over 50 model aircraft, and other aeronautical equipment which caught the public’s attention, particularly families with children. Andrew and Evan were basically mobbed for the two and half days, as shown in the photos. Via author

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TERRY SPRUCE reports on the opening of the new Bell Helicopter Training Academy Valencia centre.

n 14 February Bell Helicopter Training simulator is the fi rst Odyssey H Bell 429 FFS to Above: Inside the TRU Academy Valencia hosted a grand be built by TRU Simulation, a company formed just Simulation + Training Odyssey H Bell 429 full fl ight simulator opening of its new training centre. A over two and half years ago from AAI in Goose (FFS) built by TRU Simulation partnership between Bell Helicopter Creek, South Carolina; Mechtronix in Montreal; and the actual Bell 429 inin and sister Textron company, m/Tra g Pre Opinicus in Lutz, Florida, and ProFlight in helicopter it is based upon. Si sid ru en T t TRU Simulation and Training, the new an Carlsbad, California. The EASA Level D O d centre was given approval by the C certifi ed Bell 429 FFS offers what is TRU Simulation E O

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offers two courses, a ten-day Bell 429 ) responsiveness powered by REALFEEL EASA initial type rating and a three-day Bell Control Loading System and REALVibe 429 recurrent course to reinforce the initial type Secondary Cueing System. The FFS also has rating. Additionally, BTA-Valencia will offer wet and a second motion sensor set in the fl oor of the dry leasing custom-tailored to each operator. The simulator which gives the occupants the feeling of Academy also plans to add additional courses in the real fl ying. coming years. I was the fi rst aviation journalist to fl y the simulator along with one of the instructors. Using 2017 – A simulator odyssey the simulator, we were able to go through all the scenarios that pilots will encounter, including one The new simulator centre is housed in the Cessna engine out, one fl ight controller out and beyond Citation facility at Valencia Airport. The new safe engine limits – during which the simulator

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gave a very realistic noise and vibration of a rough growing interest in the VVIP market and he expects engine. The simulator has also been designed growth in that area of the market – confi rming to allow training on different helicopter modules. what was said by VIP helicopter operators at the TRU Simulation currently has an order from Heliinvestor Conference in London earlier in the CopterSafety for three simulators with fi ve different year. helicopter modules. THE FFS ALSO Glenn Isbell, at Bell Helicopter added: “I say The simulation hangar is already preparing for a HAS A SECOND with great pride that we have trained more than second simulator which, dependant on the market, 140,000 students from 135 different countries might well be a fi xed-wing business aircraft. Dave MOTION throughout the world and today we are expanding Smith, VP Training Centres, confi rmed that TRU is SENSOR SET IN that reach. Bell Training Academy Valencia enables open to developing where the market takes them, THE FLOOR OF us to serve the training needs of our European, with either rotorcraft or a fi xed-wing simulator. THE SIMULATOR Middle Eastern and other customers around the He added that locating the facility at Valencia world. Our training experience is further enhanced was an easy choice, as Textron is already here with WHICH by the world-class instructors who bring more than the Cessna Citation Service Centre and all the GIVES THE 5,000 hours of training experience across multiple infrastructure needed is in situ. OCCUPANTS platforms, as well as English, French, Spanish and THE FEELING Italian capabilities to the local facility. Safety is a Growing market key priority for Bell Helicopter and there is nothing OF REAL FLYING that affects aircraft safety more than preparing In a joint briefi ng before the opening ceremony, Bell pilots with the most reliable and comprehensive Helicopter and TRU Simulation explained why the training that exists.” fi rst simulator is a Bell 429 and the reason that the facility is in Spain. The market in Europe for the Bell TRU Support 429 is strong with a number of large orders from government-based agencies, including the Swedish Ian Walsh from TRU Simulation said that he had Police which operate seven examples from fi ve a lot to celebrate. “As a former helicopter pilot bases. Thomas Lindall, Flight Operations Manager in the military I know fi rst-hand the challenges TRU Simulation TRU Simulation

for the Swedish Police explained their operations Above left: Odyssey H Bell that rotorcraft pilots face and I am proud of the and how two of its Bell 429s are used for mountain 429 EASA-certifi ed Level D innovation of the Bell 429 full fl ight simulator Full Flight Simulator (FFS). rescue in the north of Sweden and are fi tted with brings to pilots,” he said. “Since launching in Above right: The TRU hoists. The Swedish Police fl eet has fl own some Simulation training centre in 2014, expansion has been a key theme for TRU 6,000hrs since the aircraft were delivered in late Valencia, Spain. in becoming a total training solution. Beginning 2015. with the establishment of TRU’s East and West Jakub Hoda, Managing Director for Europe coast pilot training centres in North America which and Russia, explained how the helicopter market support Textron Aviation platforms, we now begin is becoming stronger despite the woes in the oil an international journey to expand our reach a little and gas industry. He confi rmed that there had been bit further.”

3 2 AEROSPACE / MAY 2017 Time to Upgrade Your Membership or Apply for Professional Registration? Apply before 27 June to be reviewed by the next Grading Committee

Demonstrate a higher level Gain a new post-nominal for Are you an Engineer or of experience and skill increased recognition. Use Technician? We are licensed in industry. Our graded letters after your name which by the Engineering Council to membership means that you are instantly recognisable by award Engineering Technician, will be recognised for reaching your employer, industry and Incorporated and Chartered different stages in your career. your peers. Engineer.

Find out more: [email protected] or call us on +44 (0)20 7670 4384 / 4400

AEROSPACE GOLF DAY FOR INDIVIDUAL AND CORPORATE MEMBERS

FRILFORD HEATH GOLF CLUB, OXFORDSHIRE / WEDNESDAY 5 JULY 2017 18 hole texas scramble Join us at our 2017 Golf Day for some competition healthy competition with fellow golfers in the aviation community.

9 hole stableford points This event is ideal for networking in a competition relaxed and informal setting. Enter a corporate 4-ball team or opt Individual and corporate to be teamed up with other individual team prizes players.

For further details please apply to: Lunch, refreshments and Gail Ward afternoon tea Events Manager – Corporate and Society Royal Aeronautical Society Optional ‘social supper’ on T +44 (0)1491 629912 4 July 2017 E [email protected] AIR TRANSPORT Aviation medicine Minding the challenges of mental health

The reverberations of the 2015 Germanwings tragedy continue to echo through the civil aerospace sector as Regulators, AOC holders and other stakeholder groups address the implications of that event. MARC ATHERTON looks at the regulatory and implementation challenges facing our industry in advance of the 2017 Aircrew Mental Health Conference.

egulators and AOC holders have Stiftung Mayday/AntiSkid). The PSS initiative responded to the challenges posed provides a requirement and a framework which by the fall-out by acknowledging the is specifi cally targeted on providing a secure and need to have a Peer Support System in effective means of support for aircrew facing mental place as part of the safety management health challenges such as anxiety, depression or Rsystems required for all operators. stress related symptoms. A Peer Support System provides a mechanism There are of course several challenges in whereby a pilot can access a confi dential helpline implementing a PSS in an operational airline. These and obtain support form a trained (pilot) peer in challenges include issues around process and addressing any mental health related issues that the content (how is the system accessed? Is the system individual has. voluntary or can individuals be referred? what levels AOC holders and pilot organisations will already of confi dentiality are incorporated? what level of have internal systems that meet this need for issues training is appropriate for individual Peer Support around alcohol and substance problem, some of individuals? What are the boundary limits for the which have been expanded to include mental health PSS intervention? What procedures exist for further issues (c.f. BA PAN programme, Dutch …, German referral beyond the PSS if appropriate?)

34 AEROSPACE / MAY 2017 including high workloads, continuous performance assessment, long hours and complex reporting demands amongst others.

Mental Health

The current PSS regulations and implementation An argument could easily be made that the role of guidelines are an evolving project. As AOC holders the modern civil aircrew has many of these features. gather experience and data over the coming years As such. the questions as to whether the incidence the knowledge base of ‘what works’ will grow. This base rate we are dealing with in our aircrew is growing knowledge base will inform and ‘tune’ higher than the national baseline rate, and whether the content and process of dealing positively with the incidence severity profi le is skewed as well, are aircrew mental health issues going forward. reasonable ones to ask. Currently, in terms of data In effect the sector will do what it does so well – and evidence around these issues we are, as an it will learn from a form of ‘on condition’ monitoring industry, ‘fl ying blind’ and that learning will be disseminated through civil The PSS programmes will provide some insight aviation to benefi t both the sector and the individual. into this issue as they evolve and to support this As we move forward with this process there are activity a review could be considered that builds several issues that any good risk assessment and on existing knowledge of aircrew mental health mitigation approach (which is what the PSS is a part problem incidence rates. This approach could of) still needs to have a view on. provide a ‘validated’ data set for the scale of the risk One key part of the challenge, if we view mental against which PSS resourcing requirements can be health as an operational risk, is the incidence base mapped. rate and severity in the population. We monitor engine performance and have scheduled airframe It is more that just pilots maintenance based on an understanding of the risk profi les that result from operational use. We Looking more broadly across the civil aviation sector IN THE UK THE resource our systems and procedures based on this from the perspective of the underlying risk factors GENERALLY understanding of the risk profi le faced to mitigate it several other groups may well benefi t from an appropriately. integrated approach to dealing with mental health ACCEPTED issues. Cabin staff, air traffi c controllers and aircraft BASE RATE National statistics maintenance engineers all work under similar FOR MENTAL pressures to aircrew and as such may well benefi t In the UK the generally accepted base rate for from considering whether lessons learned and HEALTH mental health issues in the population is a one in knowledge gained from the current PSS initiatives ISSUES IN THE four lifetime risk. In other words one in four adults will could benefi t their operations and staff in terms of POPULATION have some form of mental health issue in any given risk mitigation and staff well-being. IS A ONE IN year. Assuming that we believe that our aircrew are The Society is hosting a second aircrew mental members of the population and not a distinct sub- health and wellbeing conference on 23 May FOUR LIFETIME species then we should take this as a given. 2017 at Hamilton Place which will bring together RISK. IN OTHER There is however a further question that regulators, operators and other key stakeholders. WORDS ONE IN warrants attention, and that is are there any role The purpose is to bring a focus to these and closely FOUR ADULTS specifi c factors that might impact on that assumed related areas as part of the ongoing process of base rate? responding to the Germanwings tragedy and its’ WILL HAVE A recent study of teachers in Scotland, cited in fallout. A signifi cant aim of the conference will be to SOME FORM the Times Higher Education supplement, identifi ed share current knowledge and best practice as AOC OF MENTAL a rate of almost 50% population incidence of holders and other stakeholders begin to work with mental health issues including anxiety, depression PSS programmes as part of the response to aircrew, HEALTH ISSUE and stress related symptoms. The study concluded and other civil aviation populations, mental health IN ANY GIVEN that this was a result of work related factors challenges in the 21st century. YEAR.

@aerosociety i Find us on LinkedIn f Find us on Facebook www.aerosociety.com MAY 2017 35 Crown copyright 36 T and Boeingincludedpresentationsbythe issues The eventwassponsoredbyCargoLogicAir conference on16February 2017toexplore these force multiplierofconsiderableeffect. developments cancombinewithairassetstoactasa basis andrecentorganisationaltechnological onaregional andinternational need forcollaboration quickly toareasofneed.Assuch thereisagrowing unique abilitytotransportaidcargoandresponders a disasteroccurs,theaviationsectorpossesses and whatisavailablecontinuestogrow. Whenever need asthefundinggapbetweenwhatisneeded AEROSPACE / MAY the subject. much-needed aid. andcivilianincorporate theuseofmilitary aerospace assetstodeliver operations,Humanitarian bethey orlong-term, short localisedorglobal, Rescue International The RAeS AirPowerThe RAeS Grouphostedaone-day Humanitarian reliefandairpower AEROSPACE HUMANITARIAN are all struggling to support the growing are allstrugglingtosupportthegrowing international organisationsandNGOs, since WW2.Governments,alongwith of humanitarianaidthanatanytime oday there aremorepeopleinneed 2017 MIKE BRATBY to buildabetter, healthierworldforthebenefi as massmigration,epidemicsandconfl extreme povertyandtackles globalissuessuch aid fundsspenteach year. Itleads worktoeliminate response agency;itaccountsformuch ofthe£1.2bn remainstheUK’s primaryhumanitarian (DFID) The DepartmentforInternationalDevelopment Development Department forInternational and casestudiesraised. afternoon panelsessionstodiscussthekeypoints presentations. There werealsomorningand Global plusaseriesofequipmentcapability ofRescue commandersand theCEO and RAF Chief ofFlightOperationsICAO, seniorMoD(UK) Department forInternationalDevelopment,Oxfam,

, reports from aRAeSConference on ict, aiming ict, aiming t of t of UNHCR aircraft. UNHCR Republic (CAR), froma African Central airport, displaced peopleatBangui’s of thousandsinternally oppositepage:Aview Below Philippines in2013. to Binuluanguaninthe humanitarian reliefsupplies Lynx helicopterdelivers HMS Below: Daring’s developing countries and the UK. Its policy priorities Oxfam include building a bigger, faster response to crises and shifting its approach to deal with protracted situations in addition to short-term relief. The Department aims to make its current systems more effi cient with better leadership and joint planning and response. Response strategies presently cover direct provision of aid, specialist expertise, diplomacy, advocacy and infl uencing, all important political aspects helping to smooth the progress of humanitarian aid operations worldwide. Stockpiles of food, shelters and other supplies are held at fi ve airport storage locations, three of them overseas. To move the aid, freight forwarders and air brokers are utilised. A memorandum of understanding with the MoD (UK) enables use of air and surface means and civil and military assets. There is an emphasis on air-ground interfaces, urgent relief supplies. As the world’s commerce and recognising that airheads can become a bottleneck air traffi c continue to grow exponentially, the UN is if ground handling and onward delivery are not becoming more proactive and predictive, moving from matched with the air delivery tempo. disaster relief to risk reduction. For example, a co- ordination team was rushed to the site of the nuclear Case study Nepal disaster in Japan immediately the situation developed and a UAV employed for vital surveillance from an The 2015 earthquake in Nepal saw a mix of air early stage in the emergency. and surface transport used to rush supplies to the Operations include the UN Humanitarian Air stricken country. Both military and civil airlifters were Service and Department of Field Support to support employed. UK agencies were coordinated by DFID peacekeeping and special political missions. Field which was responsible for moving 228 passengers Support teams have been heavily engaged with by air, 1,151tons of aid by ground transport, 184tons attempts at confl ict resolution in the Middle East and of civil and 50tons by RAF airlifters. Civil Africa. To give some idea of the scope of UN aviation and military cargo costs were similar but commercial operations, the UN’s WFP in 2015 deployed over 70 options offered higher payload per route. Overall, aircraft, delivered 62,500 metric tons of air cargo, it was a highly successful operation, with DFID carried over 287,000 passengers and made airdrops carrying out contingency planning, funding World to starving people in Yemen and South Sudan, the Food Programme (WFP) to establish a humanitarian only civil operator to deliver aid by air dropping. staging area funding stocks of emergency shelters and purchasing airfi eld support equipment. It Oxfam demonstrated how interfaces between the agencies can work in practice; there were initial problems Oxfam is representative of NGOs playing a growing TO GIVE SOME with access to the affected area but this was later part in disaster relief. Its network of outlets around IDEA OF THE resolved. the world enabled support for 25m benefi ciaries in SCOPE OF 2014/15. Recent projects include providing clean UN AVIATION ICAO/UN water and sanitation in different countries. The organisation maintains a programme supply chain OPERATIONS, UN air operations have played a major part in for £250m per annum. However, the principle is to THE UN’S establishing aviation as the main mode of delivering spend locally wherever possible, rather than to deliver WFP IN 2015 from overseas. UNHCR However, air assets play a major part. They DEPLOYED enable rapid mobilisation of staff and deployment OVER 70 of materials and quick access to the affected area. AIRCRAFT, Oxfam utilises partnering with BA, special tariffs DELIVERED and free transport and dedicated services such as UN HAS. Co-ordination and interfaces with 62,500 METRIC other agencies are essential and collaboration and TONS OF partnerships need to be initiated well ahead of urgent AIR CARGO requirements. To achieve this, Oxfam organises for long-term commitments and seeks to overcome CARRIED constraints such as lack of local facilities, availability OVER 287,000 of air assets, expertise and cost. PASSENGERS

@aerosociety i Find us on LinkedIn f Find us on Facebook www.aerosociety.com MAY 2017 37 AEROSPACE Humanitarian relief and air power

Airlink The closely-associated Volga-Dnepr operates IL 76 and AN-124 airlifters based in central Europe, the former able to carry up to 50tons, while the AN-124’s payload is up to 150tons, enabling it to transport heavy vehicles and even cranes. A key factor in using these assets is their low reliance on host nation infrastructure and ground handling. Between 1992 and 2015 the airline delivered 28,000tons of relief supplies to humanitarian crisis areas. However, giant airlifters do not come cheap. The fl eet is currently ageing and major, expensive upgrades are planned to enable all their aircraft Airlink Above: As part of its to meet future ICAO noise and emissions limits, expanded end-to-end air enabling them to continue operations worldwide. Airlink is representative of the growing number transportation solution to Volga-Dnepr also provides the Strategic Airlift Hurricane Matthew, Airlink of interface organisations set up to provide a sent two large charter fl ights, Interim Solution for NATO, chartering AN-124 civil response to disaster relief. A rapid response packed with medical supplies, aircraft to the Alliance from their base in central non-profi t organisation, it links airlines with NGOs to Haiti in 2016. Europe for humanitarian and peacekeeping tasks. to airlift personnel and relief supplies to disaster Below: CargoLogicAir They have been in much demand for supporting areas. So far it has 70 NGO partners, has utilised (CLA) , the coalition operations in Afghanistan. new British all- 35 airlines, moved over a million tons of air cargo headquartered at London’s and supported 400 aid missions. It has played a Stansted Airport. Military response – MoD and RAF major part in the Ebola air bridge to Africa and in the response to Hurricane Matthew in Haiti. In the On the other side of the equation, the UK military latter case it supported two million people with response to humanitarian need was identifi ed in food aid, water, medicines and services. There is SDSR 15 as one of the eight defi ned missions for seen to be a growing need for support agencies UK armed forces. Joint Force HQ is the Defence lead such as Airlink. They increasingly provide the for crisis response. DFID requests a military response practical interfaces. when a civilian reaction is not available, the scale of crisis is overwhelming, or the military can provide the CargoLogicAir most effective response. Political and media factors may also play an important role – the impetus of CargoLogicAir is illustrative of the resources ‘something must be done’ and the favourable image available to the civil sector for humanitarian aid of RAF airlifters and helicopters delivering aid should airlifts. The group provides solutions, often at not be underestimated. The Standing JFHQ Group short notice, for a range of logistical problems provides training of quick reaction teams along with and challenges to airlift cargo and personnel for crisis response, early entry, and networking with other commercial and humanitarian missions. It works agencies, which may be needed to provide facilities closely with the Red Cross and has delivered aid, and equipment, and joint force exercises. However, personnel and vehicles to 18 humanitarian and intervention in a crisis will ultimately depend upon Red Cross missions since 2001. CargoLogicAir constraints, other commitments, political judgements operates from Stansted Airport with a fl eet of and the art of the possible. three B747 . It has 100 staff, 75 of BOEING UK’S The full range of RAF air power and air them aircrew. The 747s are able to accommodate capabilities may be required to support humanitarian oversize loads and vehicles for humanitarian relief DEPUTY CHIEF operations, as was the case with NATO and UK missions. TEST PILOT intervention in the Balkan crisis in the 1990s. Control of the air, ISR, which may include UAVs for

CargoLogicAir PROVIDED A surveillance and attack missions, air mobility and SH PERSONAL may all be involved. An Air Contingency Planning ACCOUNT OF Group leads the planning process. Involvement THE DELIVERY in a particular operation will naturally depend on OF AID BY availability of assets and constraints such as the impact of re-tasking, costs and force protection. RAF CHINOOK Location, duration, aid requirement and effect will HELICOPTERS also be considerations, as will pragmatic decisions TO THE SITE OF on whether to commit the best-suited asset or the THE PAKISTAN fi rst available. Again, political considerations are likely to be weighed along with the other factors. EARTHQUAKE Future challenges are likely to include the IN 2005 declining number of airlifters available, especially

3 8 AEROSPACE / MAY 2017 Crown copyright

with the phase out of C-130s, the requirement Above: A 99 Squadron C-17 to lift heavy loads without infrastructure needs, to keep pace with technical advances in systems transport aircraft at Cebu and low cost of operation and fl exibility. It could Airport in the Philippines and the ongoing need to sustain other operational following the devastation be employed for surveillance and security of a commitments. As indicated, networking and wreaked by Typhoon Haiyan humanitarian operation, or the precision delivery of interfacing between aid agencies and organisations in November 2013. large amounts of aid. Once the current fl ight test will often be required to help facilitate aid operations. The fl ight was organised to programme is completed, production Airlanders support the Department for could be available from 2019. International Development and

Changing landscape of tactical carried vital supplies, such as Crown copyright delivery of aid JCBs, Landrovers and pallets of medical supplies. Boeing UK’s Deputy Chief Test Pilot provided a Right: RAF personnel unload personal account of the delivery of aid by RAF humanitarian aid to Pakistan from a C-130 Hercules Chinook helicopters to the site of the Pakistani aircraft, following devastating earthquake in 2005. The UK pledged £33m aid and fl oods in the country in 2010. funded a military operation for 28 days. The aircraft faced serious problems with access, given the high, mountainous terrain. 117 helicopters belonging to different operators were involved. All operated from a Pakistani military airfi eld. The UK’s three Chinooks delivered a very creditable 1,447tons of aid. It was found that a logistics chain for delivering aircraft spares was essential. As a result of this and other Conclusion recent emergency airlifts, the landscape of tactical air delivery is changing. The problem of diffi cult The conference was titled the Civil/Military access is being addressed with the development of Interface. In fact this proved a misnomer, for the high-altitude precision air drops. Communications presentations and discussion revealed that recent are being improved, while RPAS ranging from and ongoing humanitarian crises often generate a small short-range drones to highly sophisticated sizeable aid effort which, in turn, produces multiple platforms such as Global Hawk are increasingly interfaces between the various agencies. These being employed for intelligence collection and will often be ad hoc but, with formal agreements security. Additionally, the Avenger UAV has recently following as governments, commercial operators demonstrated its ability to drop up to 8,000lb of and NGOs work out modus operandi between them aid from its internal bay. The V-22 Osprey tiltrotor to resolve problems. Above all, the solutions are aircraft may also be employed where terrain and usually driven by a combination of humanitarian, access prove diffi cult. Other lessons have been political and organisational factors and the art learned, or re-learned in recent operations, including of what is possible. The introduction of new the need for early reconnaissance, security of the technologies, such as HAVs, tiltrotors and UAVs, are operational base, availability of handling equipment likely to extend and strengthen the capabilities of and dedicated PR. the various players in terms of their contributions to For the future, the Airlander Hybrid Air Vehicle humanitarian crises, with networks and interfaces (HAV) possibly points the way, with its advanced continuing to play a growing role in getting the aid composite construction, fi ve-day endurance, ability to where it is needed in a timely fashion.

@aerosociety i Find us on LinkedIn f Find us on Facebook.com www.aerosociety.com MAY 2017 39 2017

ANNUAL BANQUET Supported by

Thursday 11 May 2017 / London

Established as a key event in the social Guest of Honour calendar of the aviation and aerospace Sir Martin Sweeting OBE FRS FREng FIET HonFRAeS community, the Royal Aeronautical Society Group Executive Chairman, Surrey Satellite Annual Banquet attracts high level industry Technology Ltd (SSTL) attendance and offers the ideal opportunity Venue for networking and corporate entertainment. The InterContinental London Park Lane, One Hamilton Place, London W1J 7QY, UK Individual tickets and corporate tables are Programme available with discounted rates for RAeS Reception: 7.15pm Dinner: 8.00pm Members and Corporate Partners. What’s included? This black tie event includes a pre-dinner networking reception followed by an exquisite four-course dinner with fine wines and coffee.

Enquiries to: Gail Ward, Events Manager – Corporate & Society Royal Aeronautical Society T: +44 (0)1491 629 912 / E: [email protected] www.aerosociety.com/banquet Afterburner www.aerosociety.com

Diary 16 May Seattle Branch Introduction to the KC-46 tanker design Danny Wright, KC-46 Chief Mechanic, Boeing

A Boeing KC-46A Pegasus refuels a US Navy F/A-18. Boeing.

42 Message from RAeS 44 Book Reviews 50 New Corporate Partners Wings of Empire, Bloody Paralyser and American Seven new companies join the Society’s Corporate - President Aircraft Development of WWII. Partner Scheme. “By the time you read this, I shall be well on my way through the revolving door at 4HP (that was 52 Diary fi gurative, for those of you trying to picture this new 47 Bristol Scout documentary Find out when and where around the world the door), with the 2017 Branches Conference pretty Bristol Scout – Rebuilding A new documentary latest aeronautical and aerospace lectures and much the last item on my agenda before the AGM.” History was premiered at Leicester Square’s Prince events are happening. Charles Cinema which relates the remarkable story - Chief Executive of the reconstruction of a 1915 Bristol Scout Type “This month Prof Chris Atkin CEng FRAeS C No1264, starting from the original stick and 54 Australian Division rudder bar. concludes his Presidential year and we welcome John Corby, an Australian aircraft designer, has won Air Chief Marshal Sir Stephen Dalton FRAeS as his the 2017 Lawrence Hargrave Award for the full successor. Chris has been a very active President design and build of the Starlet light aircraft. representing the Society at many events and also 48 Balloon Challenge visiting all our Divisions.” The Boscombe Down Branch organised a Balloon Challenge; a STEM outreach project for children of 55 YPN in the spotlight secondary school age. An update from the Young Persons Network.

Find us on Twitter i Find us on LinkedIn f Find us on Facebook www.aerosociety.com MAY 2017 41 Afterburner Message from RAeS OUR PRESIDENT

Prof Chris Atkin By the time you read this, I shall be well on my way through the revolving door at 4HP (that was fi gurative, for those of you trying to picture this new door), with the 2017 Branches Conference pretty much the last item on my agenda before the AGM. The Conference presents a real opportunity to mull over the successes of the 2016 sesquicentenary and to build on the momentum created during that remarkable year. We should also consider how we can increase the opportunities for our younger members to get involved in branch activities. What has been the highlight of my year? Undoubtedly the dedication of our membership, particularly the Branch Committee and Division Council members I have been privileged to meet Chris Atkin, RAeS President, speaks to the 3AF at its Applied WHAT HAS BEEN all around the world. In February, while speaking Aerodynamics conference in March. THE HIGHLIGHT at the 2017 Australian International Aerospace OF MY YEAR? Congress, I was introduced to the delegates as UNDOUBTEDLY ‘President of the RAeS of the UK’ and somewhat Stephen Dalton will make this a big focus of his doggedly muttered (or so I thought) ‘not just in the presidential year. I can only repeat my message from THE DEDICATION UK’, whereupon the conference chair returned to the March issue of AEROSPACE, that the Society’s OF OUR the microphone and said, “actually, President of the most attractive offering is an active membership, MEMBERSHIP, RAeS in the whole world!” As you might expect, the and that we must focus upon increasing the gathered Aussies then greeted me as “President opportunities for members to pursue their own ideas PARTICULARLY of the Whole World” for the next few days. I can and develop their professional aspirations through THE BRANCH say that I have enjoyed my stint as global leader the Society. For me, 2016 afforded an opportunity COMMITTEE and make no apology for repeatedly pointing out to learn from the founders of the Society and, in AND DIVISION that we work in a global enterprise and should set particular, Lord Kelvin’s spectacular rejection of the our aspirations for the Society accordingly – which invitation to shape the future of ‘aerial navigation’. COUNCIL includes working towards a President in the future Our founding members were frustrated at the MEMBERS I HAVE who is not based in the UK. status quo; they wanted to realise what they saw as BEEN PRIVILEGED It may sound odd, but I have been reassured unfulfi lled potential; their enthusiasm and ambitions TO MEET ALL that, across the world, the RAeS is more or less were seen as misdirected by their peers, but they facing the same challenges, principally to enthuse got on with it anyway. Isn’t this exactly what the AROUND THE the new generation of aerospace professionals Royal Aeronautical Society needs to be for today’s WORLD with what the Society has to offer. I know that Sir young professionals?

Reminder 152nd Annual General Meeting of the Royal Aeronautical Society

The 152nd Annual General Meeting of the Royal Aeronautical Society incorporating the Institution of Aeronautical Engineers, the Helicopter Association of Great Britain and the Society of Licensed Aircraft Engineers and Technologists will be held on Thursday, 11 May 2017, at 1800 hours at the Registered offi ce of the Society, No.4 Hamilton Place, London W1J 7BQ, UK.

The Royal Aeronautical Society Annual Review and Summary Accounts and the Annual Report and Accounts are available to view via www.aerosociety.com/agm along with the draft minutes from the 151st Annual General Meeting.

To register your attendance to the 152nd AGM please visit our website on: www.aerosociety.com/events-calendar/raes-annual-general-meeting

42 AEROSPACE / MAY 2017 OUR CHIEF EXECUTIVE

Simon C Luxmoore This month Prof Chris Atkin CEng FRAeS well as iii) a House of Commons Science and concludes his Presidential year and we welcome Technology Committee inquiry into The Draft Air Chief Marshal Sir Stephen Dalton FRAeS Spacefl ight Bill. Finally, through the Engineering as his successor. Chris has been a very active the Future alliance of professional engineering President representing the Society at many institutions, the Society is responding to the events and also visiting all our Divisions. Chris has Department for Business Industrial Strategy been instrumental in building upon the Society’s ‘Green Paper’ consultation. strategy through the work carried out by the The Society has agreed an exciting partnership International Strategy Working Group and the with the Advanced Manufacturing Research Membership Review which we will see being Centre (AMRC) to deliver bespoke Continuing implemented this year. We thank Chris for all his Professional Development training courses for hard work and wish him and his wife Siobhan best members covering aerospace materials and wishes for the future, especially as Chris takes up aerospace manufacturing processes. This is his role as Chairman of the Engineering Council. one of the many ways we continue to explore We are delighted that, alongside continuing new member benefi ts and offer enhanced support from AlixPartners, Sir Martin Sweeting opportunities for continuing professional HonFRAeS, Group Executive Chairman, Surrey development. Satellite Technology Ltd (SSTL), will be our The staff have been busy testing and Guest of Honour at this year’s Annual Banquet. I progressing an upgrade of our membership look forward to meeting again with many of our database system, as well as the online member members, Fellows and Corporate Partners at portal which allows potential and existing this wonderful networking event on 11 May. members to join the Society, upgrade your Since the start of the year, the Government has membership and register for events online. There been very active in the aerospace and aviation will be a period between the middle and end of sector, publishing a number of long-expected May when online services may be affected or policy consultations and legislative initiatives. unavailable for use as we roll out the update, so Parliamentary Select Committees have been we thank you in advance for your patience. If you CHRIS HAS BEEN launching parallel inquiries on the same issues. require any assistance during this time, please A VERY ACTIVE The Society has been providing membership- call the Headquarters on +44 (0)20 7670 4300 PRESIDENT led responses to all relevant consultations and or email [email protected]. inquires. Society expert input so far has been The Society’s UAS group held another REPRESENTING to i) Department for Transport consultations successful seminar in March, looking at a THE SOCIETY AT on the safe use of drones, and night fl ight risk-based approach to RPAS operations with MANY EVENTS restrictions at Heathrow, Gatwick and Stansted a series of ‘TED’ type talks offering fi ve-minute ii AND ALSO airports, ) House of Commons Transport talks on practical-based solutions. We look Committee inquiries into airspace management forward to their next seminar on Safely Enabling VISITING ALL OUR and modernisation and the Government’s Draft Unmanned Aerial System Traffi c Management DIVISIONS Airports National Policy Statement (NPS), as on 16 May.

2017 RAeS COUNCIL ELECTIONS HAVE YOU VOTED IN THE RAeS COUNCIL ELECTION 2017 YET?

The Royal Aeronautical Society Council Election our election provider, mi-voice, on +44 (0)2380 Thank you 2017 opened for voting on 23 February 2017. 763987 (we would advise you check your email for taking the All voting members who have an email address account’s junk folder, in case your email settings time to vote registered with the Society will have received an determine this email as being spam). in the 2017 email notice enabling you to vote. If you believe that you are a voting member but did not receive Please note that voting will close at 9am on RAeS Council an email, or you do not have a valid email address Thursday, 11 May 2017. Elections registered with the Society, then please contact

Find us on Twitter i Find us on LinkedIn f Find us on Facebook www.aerosociety.com MAY 2017 43 Afterburner Book Reviews WINGS OF EMPIRE The Forgotten Wars of the Royal Air Force, 1919-1939 By B Renfrew

The History Press, The Mill, Brimscombe Port, Stroud, Gloucestershire GL5 2QG, UK. 2015. 320pp. Illustrated. £25. ISBN 978-0-7509-6507-1.

Wings of Empire has proved a diffi cult book to review. For a general audience it is one book: for those with a background in aviation it is another. The dustjacket note states that “For the fi rst time ever, this book chronicles the full story of the RAF’s most extraordinary confl ict” and, in terms of objectives, this is all the reviewer has to work from. Anyone with an appreciation of British aviation history will know that this is not the ‘fi rst time ever’ that the work of the RAF in colonial policing has been told. Then, Above and right: Vickers responsibilities attaching to governance complicated having read the book, it is apparent that it doesn’t Valentia, K4632, was options for action against revolt but this important quite embrace the full story of the RAF in action modifi ed for sky-shouting to marauding Iraqi tribes characteristic is overlooked. There was some between the two World Wars. during air police duties. The dissent and three pages are devoted to the insider For the general reader coming to the area fresh installation incorporated four critic, Air Cdre L E O Charlton. There is no reference Wings of Empire is a highly readable exploration of loudspeakers and weighed to rules of engagement but the evidence is that they that period between the two World Wars when the 1,430lb. RAeS (NAL). existed by 1923 and were applied. There is balance RAF was struggling for survival. It became involved to the near-endless descriptions of bombing with a in various operations, either on its own account or fi ne chapter on the Kabul evacuation. in support of the Army, across Africa and Asia and, Turning to that potential readership with a most extensively, in Mesopotamia and the North- background in aviation, Wings of Empire remains West Frontier between India and Afghanistan. readable with many gems. The book covers many Barry Renfrew is by profession a foreign but by no means all, of the inter-war years’ actions correspondent who has researched his subject in undertaken by the RAF. For a formal history it is some detail and the book is referenced throughout. let down by unnecessary hyperbole and repetitive The writing is vivid and includes many invaluable adjectives sprayed through the text like those extracts from diaries and personal records held machine-gun bullets aimed at natives described by the Imperial War Museum. These convey a fi ne with such relish throughout. Further, the general sense of life in the RAF policing colonies, mandated tone conveys the impression that the author has territories and India and are helpful in bringing sensed a story and then incorporated material that the story to life. They put fl esh on the bare bones appear to support his case. Where David Omissi’s and highlight the hardships of working in lands formal analysis (Air Power and Colonial Control where climate and disease combined to make life ( University Press. 1990) brought a miserable. For the reader looking for a primer on the degree of objectivity to the topic of air control, inter-war confl icts involving the RAF this book is as For the general Renfrew sensationalises it. good as any. reader coming In the prologue we read that: “This book is not The thrust of the book is that the RAF, both on to the area an attack on the men who tried to rule the empire its own account and at the behest of politicians and from the sky. Air crews could be happy or heedless administrators, ruthlessly and often needlessly killed fresh Wings killers, who talked about machine-gunning a village native peoples who had offended government and of Empire is a as nonchalantly as they recounted shooting a buck... destroyed their homes and livestock. The offences highly readable on a hunting trip.” Much of the text, though, does might range from withholding taxes to wholesale exploration then read as an attack. “Inspired by the possibilities slaughter, such as that infl icted on Iraqi Arabs by of scientifi c warfare, some in the RAF advocated the Wahabis from the Nejd (not Nejh!) of that period use of poison gas, early forms of napalm and other It is certainly the case that there were between the innovations to subdue some of the most primitive excesses in attacking indigenous people and, two World Wars people in the world.” In the event gas most certainly even by contemporaneous standards, the use of when the RAF was not used and early forms of napalm can only delayed-action bombs against villages appears refer to the very occasional – and highly dangerous unforgiveable. Mesopotamia (later Iraq) and was struggling to the aircrew – dropping of thin-skinned four-gallon Transjordan were mandated territories and the for survival petrol cans to accelerate fi res on the ground.

44 AEROSPACE / MAY 2017 The story of the RAF between the world wars is was also extremely useful to the countless pioneers not just one of endlessly bombing revolting natives. fl ying through the Middle East and India requiring Trenchard’s three pillars – the RAF College, Cranwell, assistance of every kind. the Staff College at Andover and the Technical There is an extensive bibliography, a limited Training School, Halton, each of which underpinned index but. unfortunately for a book of this type, no RAF performance – get no mention. The Chanak maps. The thoughtful collection of 53 black and crisis gets brief mention and the part played by the white photographs deserves more than skimpy RAF in supporting White Russian forces after the and sometimes inaccurate captions. (Gp Capt end of the Great War is ignored but perhaps that had Longmore’s personal DH9A is described as being little to do with protecting the Empire. The RAF and AVM John Salmond’s, for example.) Given that the Fleet Air Arm deployments during the Abyssinian author is not by background an aviation person, Crisis are also omitted, despite their obvious professional help with editing would have saved importance in protecting colonial commitments. inconsistencies in spelling and cleared up the odd In the course of their various deployments RAF error and for this the publisher must take some squadrons not only bombed recalcitrant tribesman responsibility. These errors include the need to but contributed hugely and bravely to opening up clarify the trade-offs between range, speed and the air routes through the Empire with far-reaching weapon load (of the DH9A) and also that the consequences. As just one example, the trans- aircraft was fi tted with a Vickers and a Lewis gun – Africa route from Egypt to the Gold Coast proved not two of the latter. In southern Iraq John ‘Pasha’ the critical Takoradi-Cairo route for the speedy Glubb got his air support from 84 Sqn at Shaibah, delivery of aircraft to Egypt during the early years not Baghdad. Small mistakes, maybe but, if the of WW2. The experience of working in trying basics aren’t right, can the overall text be trusted? conditions resulted in a resilience and ‘can-do’ approach on the part of airmen that paid dividends Victor Flintham in the future global confl ict. Their resourcefulness FCIPD FRSA MRAeS

BLOODY PARALYSER

The Giant Monaghan and Shillinglaw, to name a few. Bombers of the First World War The book has 14 chapters, of which the fi rst covers the pre-WW1 history of the Handley Page By R Langham company (in perhaps rather more depth than necessary for a book on the bombers) and one Fonthill Media Limited, Millview House, Toadsmoor devoted to the ‘Super’ Handley Page (the V/1500). Road, Stroud GL5 2TB, UK. 2016. 208pp. Just the fi nal two cover the peacetime operations Illustrated. £20. ISBN 978-1-78155-080-9. after hostilities ceased and, earlier in the book, American manufacture and usage gets a mention. Until recently, those looking for a book describing Useful technical details on the bombers, their the Handley Page bombers of WW1 would have bombs, guns and related matters appear where had to be content with Chas Bowyer’s book issued relevant. Interestingly there are some passing Handley Page O/400 in fl ight. by Aston Publications in 1992. Rob Langham RAeS (NAL). remarks about Italian Capronis, which are very much has now put together another and, although by part of the overall WW1 bomber story but which necessity covering the same ground, he uses a very hardly ever get even a comment elsewhere. different approach in telling the story. One regret by this reviewer, as for so many There have been quite a few books and very other books of this nature, is the lack of inclusion many magazine articles over the years in which of any map showing where the places mentioned those airmen taking part in the bombing raids were located. A grouping of photographs and related their fi rst-hand experiences. Rob Langham other interesting illustrations is in the centre of the uses extracts from these and many other original book and includes a view of the original prototype sources to illustrate the ‘Bloody Paralyser’ story in possibly never published before. An impressive and their words. He explains the policies and decisions extensive source bibliography is at the back but made as the War progressed and the resulting there is no index. deployment and movements of the various Bryan Bowen Inevitably these days there are a few printing, squadrons using the Type ‘O’ bombers (O/100 and CEng MRAeS etc, errors and there may be some debate about one O/400). Into this are woven the personal accounts or two of the facts and dates given but, overall, it is a of aircrew, and others, giving their views and Review originally very readable and informative story put together by descriptions of the raids and service life. For those compiled for the Handley a very knowledgeable author. already well versed in ‘Paralyser’ history some of the Page Association This is a highly recommended book and a ‘must’ names quoted will be very recognisable – Bewsher, Newsletter for Paralyser enthusiasts.

Find us on Twitter i Find us on LinkedIn f Find us on Facebook www.aerosociety.com MAY 2017 45 Afterburner Book Reviews AMERICAN AIRCRAFT DEVELOPMENT OF WWII

Special Types 1939-1945 Three of the aircraft described in this book are: By B Norton Above left: Four of the fi ve production Martin JRM-1 Mars. The Mars was originally Crecy Publishing, 1a Ringway Trading Estate, developed as a patrol bomber Shawdowmoss Road, Manchester M22 5LH, UK. but only used as a transport 2016. 251pp. Illustrated. £27.95. ISBN 978-0- aircraft. These aircraft later 8597-9188-5. saw extensive use as water bombers to fi ght forest fi res. Above right: Fairchild C-82A of 11 feet and a span longer than a football fi eld, This book, as the subtitle suggests, describes Packet, 44-23004. The although the author does not say whether the many of the unusual and sometimes impracticable Packet fl ew for the fi rst time length or breadth. Funded by government grants, machines that emerged from across the Atlantic on 10 September 1944. this monster would stand eight stories high and during WW2. It begins with a brief synopsis of the Right: The second prototype be made of wood! After disagreements with the Kellett XR-8, 421908, twin- dire state of the pre-war American military aircraft rotor helicopter. government Kaiser pulled out, leaving Hughes to industry and the need to catch up with the advanced All RAeS (NAL). soldier on. Under his direction and own funding the nations as the war clouds were gathering. aircraft morphed into the H-4 the famous ‘Spruce The author deals with many areas of aerial Goose’ – and the rest is history. warfare: photo reconnaissance, ship-launched Although all the combatant nations, especially observer planes, early VTO machines, drones, Nazi Germany, poured resources into their target towing, fl oat planes, bombers modifi ed into experimental programmes, after reading this book cargo and passenger transports and more. Some describing the vast expenditure of time, manpower of these projects were successful, others not, with It is a treasure and money, one cannot but conclude that only the many destined for the scrap heap. He describes the trove of US with its overwhelming technical and production attempts by the US Army and Navy to develop and information and capacity could afford these costly ventures without employ drones in both the European and Pacifi c will appeal to jeopardising the output of their proven war-winning theatres. These early experiments into remotely machines. controlled, bomb-packed B-17s, B-24s and other those buffs who This publication has its faults. The NACA craft expended much cost, time and manpower. fi nd interest was founded in 1915 not, as claimed, in 1927 They proved to be unpredictable, dangerous and in unusual and occasionally the style can be hard going, for were ultimately abandoned. example – p 9, col 1, line16 “much new could be The author gives fascinating and sometimes machines, both brought to the fi ght.” amusing examples of the occasional folly that can successful and However, the book is a good factual read and arise when an industry is under pressure in times otherwise, is packed with photographs (some 360), drawings, of war. For example, in 1942, the US Government including the cutaway diagrams and tables – data galore. It is invited the industrialist Henry Kaiser, of ‘Liberty’ a treasure trove of information and will appeal to ship fame, to build a large trans-ocean transport. occasional those buffs who fi nd interest in unusual machines, In collaboration with Howard Hughes, they dreamt dinosaur. It is both successful and otherwise, including the up the fantasy that was the HK-1 fl ying boat. This well-researched, occasional dinosaur. It is well-researched, nicely eight-engine colossus weighed in at 400,000lb nicely presented presented and is warmly recommended. gross, promised a payload of 750 troops or two 32- ton Sherman tanks with an expected range of 3,500 and is warmly H J Murray miles. To achieve this, the wing had a root thickness recommended Affi liate

46 AEROSPACE / MAY 2017 Society News NATIONAL AEROSPACE LIBRARY

Bristol Scout documentary

On Tuesday, 11 April 2017, a new documentary Bristol Scout – Rebuilding History was premiered at Leicester Square’s Prince Charles Cinema which relates the remarkable story of the reconstruction by David Bremner CEng MIMechE of his grandfather’s 1915 Bristol Scout Type C No1264, starting from the original stick and rudder bar. A key part of this reconstruction project was the need to be able to demonstrate full compliance Top right: An original Bristol Scout C. RAeS (NAL). with the original specifi cations and part of the Top left: A fi lm still of the documentary recreates Mr Bremner’s original visit to reconstructed Bristol Scout. the Society’s Library on 19 November 2007 to view Middle right: David Bremner, Frank Sowter Barnwell’s design calculations for the left, with Brian Riddle, RAeS Chief Librarian, reconstruct Bristol Scout, during which the Chief Librarian, Brian the original 2007 visit to the Riddle, put Mr Bremner in contact with an American National Aerospace Library Bristol researcher, Derek Staha, based in Houston, to view Barnwell’s original who was to play a major role in the exchange of design calculations for the technical information. Scout, right. Early trailers for the documentary fi lm can be viewed at: https://vimeo.com/158969503 and The Library also holds the ‘The British and https://vimeo.com/172725324 and a DVD may Colonial Aeroplane Company Minute Book No1’ be ordered via the website: which contains the hand-written accounts of www.asa-uk.tv/products_page/ monthly meetings of Directors from its formation in Included in the archives of the National Aerospace February 1910 through to December 1919 which Library at Farnborough is a wealth of original material is among the ‘milestones’ from the pioneering days relating to The British and Colonial Aeroplane of aviation included in the collections that can now Company and the Bristol Aeroplane Company be viewed page-by-page – with close-up magnifi ed which was to succeed it, including the company’s detailed views available by clicking on the ‘Detail’ record book of fuselage construction and repair option for each image and moving one’s ‘mouse’ 1911-1917, numerous internal company reports/ over the selected image – on the Library’s heritage brochures, a large number of original notebooks website http://aerosocietyheritage.com containing the design calculations for a variety of launched in 2015: Bristol types compiled by Barnwell, A J Newport, W http://aerosocietyheritage.com/collections/ T Reid, G A Stephens and W G Morgan and 45 large british-and-colonial-aeroplane-company- original sheets (c.40 x 27 inches), hand-drawn by minutes-book-1-1910-1919/ Barnwell and others, recording the company’s detailed engineering design calculations for the GE2 two- For any enquiries regarding this material, please bay non-staggered biplane and its component parts contact the librarians at Farnborough entered in August 1912 for the War Offi ce Military T +44 (0)1252 701038/701060; Aeroplane Competition held at Salisbury Plain. E [email protected]

Find us on Twitter i Find us on LinkedIn f Find us on Facebook www.aerosociety.com MAY 2017 47 Afterburner Society News BOSCOMBE DOWN BRANCH The Boscombe Down Balloon Challenge

Genesis

As the summer of 2015 turned to autumn, the Boscombe Down Branch committee turned its attention to the Society’s (then) forthcoming 150th anniversary, and wondered what it might contribute. Something a bit unusual was needed; something that echoed the fi rst tentative steps in aviation; something practical and fun to do; something that would encourage our next generation of aviators, aeronautical engineers, and scientists; and, because this was all based at MoD Boscombe Down, something that had just a whiff of test and evaluation about it. Finally, since almost any project would cost money, it had to be something that would attract a realistic level of sponsorship. From this ‘shopping list’ came the Balloon Challenge; a STEM outreach project for children of secondary school age. Their challenge was to fl y a Above: Don Cameron, and their determination to win it was palpable. 2m-diameter helium balloon higher, further, or for founder of Cameron Balloons, Yet, despite being fi ercely competitive, they were presents the main prize to the longer than any of the other competitors; and their winning team from Epsom totally committed to playing strictly by the rules in reward for doing so would be three Grand Prizes: College. everything they did. More than this, they respected £1,000 for each category of height, distance and Below: First launch from an advisory launch embargo when the prevailing endurance. Ryde, Isle of Wight. wind would have carried their balloons into airport traffi c zones. The sponsors Ryde School with Upper Chine was also an enthusiastic competitor. The Ryde team planned their From the outset, the Challenge enjoyed a level fl ights with full cognizance of NOTAM requirements, goodwill and support that was truly superb. and with commendable attention to engineering QinetiQ and the University of Southampton kindly detail. After one false start, which necessitated provided the main prizes. QinetiQ also donated a payload recovery from a nearby tree, the Ryde balloon helium ‘fi ll’ to each school that formally registered fl ew furthest and for the longest duration (by a large in the competition; and generally supported the margin) but, since the balloon itself was just bigger Challenge organising committee in their mission. than the maximum size permitted in the Challenge, A further prize was donated by Chris Hillcox this result did not count. It was, nevertheless, a of HAB Supplies. This took the form of a fully- signifi cant achievement in its own right. sponsored balloon (much larger than the 2m maximum size allowed in the Challenge); complete And the winner is … with helium, and all the components for a trackable photographic payload. The Challenge ended with the anniversary year, at Many other organisations, businesses, and midnight on New Year’s Eve. In February, pupils and individuals also helped the Challenge in ways too staff, together with other invited guests, attended a numerous to mention. The organisers are deeply prize giving ceremony at MoD Boscombe Down. indebted to all of them. Epsom College won all three £1,000 prizes: for greatest altitude, greatest distance, and greatest A two-horse race endurance. Ryde School with Upper Chine (Isle of Wight) won the Chris Hillcox HAB Supplies prize Seven schools signed up as registered entrants in for a commendable fl ight achievement that did not the Challenge; and, from these, two rapidly emerged qualify for any of the three main prizes. as the most serious contenders for prizes. Epsom College put in a Herculean effort, Refl ections launching six fl ights in all (with a seventh in reserve for the evening of 31 December). This There is widespread agreement that the Balloon team had a great appetite for the Challenge, Challenge was a good thing to do but the number of

48 AEROSPACE / MAY 2017 school children who benefi tted from it is not really known. Some were closely involved and would have learnt much from their practical experience. Others had more peripheral contact but probably took something away from it. Hopefully, they all enjoyed it. The organisers certainly enjoyed it and they too gained some tangible benefi ts in the form of graduate CPD. There is a rather nice footnote: Epsom College is now running a simplifi ed version of the Challenge for children of preparatory-school age. Through this continuing project, active promotion of the STEM subjects (and an infectious enthusiasm for aeronautics in particular) really is being spread to the next generation. We should like to think that the early pioneers would have approved of our efforts. I The team from Ryde School with Upper Chine describe pre-launch testing to the Prize Day think they might. audience at MoD Boscombe Down.

Rod Angel CEng FRAeS FRIN

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Find us on Twitter i Find us on LinkedIn f Find us on Facebook www.aerosociety.com MAY 2017 49 Afterburner Corporate Partners

NEW PARTNERS

The Royal Aeronautical Society would like to welcome the following Corporate Partners.

QUISS TECHNOLOGY PLC Claymore, Tame Valley Industrial Estate, Tamworth, B77 5DQ, UK UNIVERSAL AVIATION (UK) LIMITED T +44 (0)1827 219893 Universal House, Building 130, London Stansted W www.quiss.co.uk Airport, Stansted CM24 1QH, UK Contact T +44 (0)1279 680349 Tracy Armstrong, Marketing Manager W www.universalaviation.aero Quiss Technology plc provides a comprehensive Contact range of hosted and on-premise IT and telephony Sean Raftery, Managing Director support services for businesses across the UK, Through Universal Aviation, the ground support exploiting technology to deliver commercial division of Universal Weather and Aviation, Inc, advantage and business benefi ts to companies in you have a global network of ground handling a wide range of sectors. operations, trained to provide timely solutions Launched in 1988, Quiss, the fi rst UK service when the unexpected strikes. Count on more provider to achieve ISO 27001: 2013 combines than 40 locations in 20 countries – including 13 technical expertise with a range of comprehensive locations across Europe – to provide a ground solutions. handling experience that exceeds expectations. Employing over 90 staff from our Unforeseen events can happen on any trip. That’s headquarters in Tamworth, Staffordshire and why it’s important to have a partner with the offi ces in Harrow, North West London, we offer a experience and global resources necessary to national service, delivered locally, to clients spread provide resourceful solutions. From fl ight planning, throughout the UK. to slot co-ordination to schedule changes, our EMEA-based Operations Centre (EOC) can help you keep your guarantees throughout Europe, Middle East, Africa, and the world.

QUALITAIR AVIATION GROUP Francis Court, High Ditch Road, Fen Ditton, Cambridge CB5 8TE, UK T +44 (0)1223 295111 E [email protected] W www.qualitair.com Contact Paul Conway, Managing Director BOXARR LTD The Engine Shed, Temple Meads, Bristol Established in 1969, Qualitair leads the way in BS1 6QH, UK staffi ng solutions for the aviation and aerospace W www.boxarr.com industries. Qualitair specialises in cross-border Contact THE AIM OF THE compliance and has a multinational, multilingual Alasdair Pettigrew, CEO CORPORATE workforce supported by offi ces in the UK and Netherlands, plus labour licences across all BOXARR is the leading solution for ‘Complex PARTNER major geographies. Qualitair’s solutions portfolio Inter-dependent Systems Management’. SCHEME IS TO includes permanent staff recruitment, temporary Supporting some of the world’s largest staffi ng solutions, managed service provision, organisations, BOXARR delivers truly scalable BRING TOGETHER fi xed-price modifi cation projects and partner- applications to solve challenges of complexity ORGANISATIONS delivered services, such as NDT inspection, across data intelligence aggregation, systems TO PROMOTE aircraft painting and aircraft cleaning. Qualitair’s design & engineering, supply-chain, process services are highly fl exible and can be tailored management, mission/program planning & BEST PRACTICE to meet any anticipated level of demand, helping execution, and joint operations methodology. WITHIN THE clients meet the expectations of their customers. BOXARR’s sophisticated system modelling and analysis tools, enable complex organisations INTERNATIONAL within aerospace to optimise their operational AEROSPACE performance. SECTOR

50 AEROSPACE / MAY 2017 EVENTS

Please note: attendance at Corporate Partner Briefi ngs is strictly exclusive to staff of RAeS Corporate Partners. Both individual and corporate members are welcome at the Annual Banquet and the BLISS JET INC Aerospace Golf Day. PO Box 5, Port Washington, New York 11050, USA Thursday 11 May 2017 / London E fl [email protected] Annual Banquet W www.blissjet.com Corporate tables and individual tickets available Contact Lead sponsor: David Rimmer, President and CEO Bliss Jet is a transformative new company offering shared private jet service between Tuesday 23 May 2017 / London London Stansted and New York’s LaGuardia Aerospace – the long march east Airport. Using late model Gulfstream, Dassault Corporate Partner Briefi ng by Nigel Stein, Chief Executive, GKN plc and Bombardier aircraft, passengers will Sponsor: experience the effi ciency and high level of customer service of private jet charter for the cost of a seat in a legacy carriers’ fi rst and business Tuesday 6 June 2017 / London class cabins. Bliss Jet was founded by highly Corporate Partner Parliamentary Reception experienced charter executives and entrepreneurs House of Commons, Westminster, London SW1A at 18.30 hrs with expertise satisfying the customers needs, including corporate executives, celebrities, heads Wednesday 5 July 2017 / Frilford Heath, Oxfordshire of state, members of royalty and ultra high net Aerospace Golf Day worth individuals. www.aerosociety.com/events For further information, please contact Gail Ward E [email protected] or T +44 (0)1491 629912

AIR SERVICE TRAINING LTD Brahan Building, Perth College, Crieff Road, Perth PH1 2NX, UK T +44 (0)1738 877105 E [email protected] ROLAND BERGER LIMITED W www.airservicetraining.co.uk/ Berkeley Square, London W1J 6RB, UK Contact T +44 (0)20 3075 1100 Robert Sutherland, Senior Business & W www.rolandberger.co.uk Compliance Manager Contact AST provides both approved and bespoke training Robert Thomson, Partner solutions to the World’s airlines, MROs and Roland Berger is a global fi rm with a strong focus military formations. AST has been in operation on the aerospace and defence industry. Our A&D for over 85 years during which time it has trained team serves the civil aeronautics, space, defence, over 30,000 civil and 40,000 military engineers and security industries. We advise OEMs and their from over 150 countries. suppliers, government agencies, and investors AST is approved to the EASA Part along the entire value chain – global, strategic and 147 Regulations under approval reference operational solutions from design and production, UK.147.0002, which includes approval for full all the way to service. basic licensing courses and examinations, for We help our clients identify and exploit new licence categories as follows: sources of growth and effi ciency, delivering deep A1 Certifying Mechanic – Aeroplanes Turbine industry expertise and cutting edge strategic A2 Certifying Mechanic – Aeroplanes Piston advice, alongside sustainable operational A3 Certifying Mechanic – Helicopters Turbine improvements. We also support them in B1.1 Certifying Technician – Aeroplanes Turbine Contact: structuring and managing large development B1.2 Certifying Technician – Aeroplanes Piston Simon Levy programmes and major transformation initiatives, B1.3 Certifying Technician – Helicopters Turbine Head of Business Development taking full advantage of digital technologies and B2 Certifying Technician – Avionic. E [email protected] mindsets. T +44 (0)20 7670 4346

Find us on Twitter i Find us on LinkedIn f Find us on Facebook www.aerosociety.com MAY 2017 51 Afterburner Diary

EVENTS www.aerosociety/events LECTURES www.aerosociety/events

9 May Staying Alert: Managing Fatigue in Maintenance Human Factors Group Conference Cranfi eld University

11 May RAeS AGM and Annual Banquet

16 May Safely Enabling Unmanned Aerial System Traffi c Management UAS Group Seminar

16 May F-35B Initial Ski Jump Testing Gordon Stewart, Principal Engineer, Flight Physics, QinetiQ Lecture The fi rst McDonnell XF4H-1 Phantom II, 142259. The evolution of the F4 Phantom will be 18 May described by Dave Ward, Heritage Department, BAE Systems, Warton, at Cosford on 18 May. Spies in the Sky: The Secret Battle for Aerial Intelligence RAeS (NAL). during World War 2 Taylor Downing, Historian Historical Group Lecture BEDFORD CRANFIELD HAMBURG Room LR29, Building 122, Room LR29, Building 122, Hochschule für angewandte 23 May Cranfi eld. 6pm. Marylyn Wood, Cranfi eld. 6pm. Wissenschaften (HAW), Aircrew Mental Health: Regulatory and Implementation T +44 (0)1933 353517. 10 May — The Icarus Project. Hörsaal 01.12, Berliner Tor 5 Challenges 10 May — The Icarus Project. Dr Angelo Niko GrubiŠic´, (Neubau), 20099 Hamburg. Conference Dr Angelo Niko GrubiŠic, University of Southamption. 6pm. Richard Sanderson, University of Southamption. Joint lecture with Bedford T +49 (0)4167 92012. 25 May Joint lecture with Cranfi eld Branch. 22 June — The RAF Harrier Ann Welch Lecture: UK Junior Gliding – The Beginning of the Branch. 1 June — Lord Kings in the Cold War. Gp Capt John Future Norton Lecture. Additive ‘Jock’ Heron. Steve Pozerskis, Registered Valuer, Bruton Knowles BIRMINGHAM, manufacturing. Stewart General Aviation Group Named Lecture WOLVERHAMPTON AND Williams. Vincent Auditorium, ISLE OF WIGHT COSFORD Building 52a, Cranfi eld Conference Hall, Isle of Wight 1 June National Cold War Museum, University. College, Newport. 6.30pm. Escort Spitfi re? The Missed Opportunity of Extending the RAF Museum Cosford, 25 May — High altitude, Spitfi re’s Range Shifnal, Shropshire. 7pm. CRANWELL long-endurance UAVs – world- Paul Stoddart, Operational Analyst, UK MoD Chris Hughes, T +44 (0)1902 Daedalus Offi cers’ Mess, RAF leading UK technology. Paul Lecture 844523. Cranwell. 7.30pm. Brooks. 18 May — Branch AGM 8 May — Branch AGM 7 June (6.15pm) followed by The fi rst followed by Being a test pilot. LOUGHBOROUGH Digital Connectivity and Cybersecurity Seminar of the Phabulus Phantoms. 41(R) Sqn. Room J104, Edward Herbert Conference Dave Ward, Heritage 5 June — Long-range Spitfi re Building, Loughborough Department, BAE Systems, escorts for Bomber Command. University. 7pm. Colin Moss, Warton. Paul Stoddart. T +44 (0)1509 239962. 15 June — Operation Varsity. 10 July — The combined 13 June — Loughborough Steve Wright, GPRA. Joint bomber offensive: mythology University MEng Final Year lecture with the Glider Pilot versus policy. Gp Capt (Retd) Aircraft Design Projects – Regimental Association Chris Finn. series short lectures. Joint (GPRA). event with University Dept of FARNBOROUGH Aero and Auto Engineering. BROUGH BAE Systems Park Centre, MEDWAY MoD/Crown copyright (2017) MoD/Crown Cottingham Parks Golf Club. Farnborough Aerospace 7.30pm. Ben Groves, T +44 Centre. 7.30pm. Dr Mike Staff Restaurant, BAE (0)1482 663938. Philpot, Systems, Marconi Way, 10 May — A history of T +44 (0)1252 614618. Rochester. 7pm. Robin Heaps, aircraft fatigue from Comet 23 May — The Boeing T +44 (0)1634 377973. to Dreamliner. Dr Andrew RC-135V/W Rivet Joint 17 May — Branch AGM Halfpenny, Director of programme. Wg Cdr Garry followed by lecture. 12 June Technology – nCode Products. Crosby, RAF (Retd), former Sir Sydney Camm Lecture: Multi-Domain Warfare in the OC 51 Squadron and Wg Cdr OXFORD 21st Century CANBERRA Simon Cloke, RAF, current OC Magdalen Centre, Oxford General Sir Gordon Messenger, Vice Chief of the Defence Military Theatre, Australian 51 Squadron. Science Park, Oxford. 7pm. Staff Defence Force Academy, 13 June — Aerodynamics of Nigel Randall, E oaktree. Named Lecture Northcott Drive, Canberra. LO aircraft. Chris Lee, BAE [email protected] 6pm. Systems, Military Air and 16 May — Branch AGM 13-14 June 9 May — Tracking and Information. followed by Use of artifi cial Benchmarking for Improving Flight Simulation managing space debris. Rod intelligence in aircraft Flight Simulation Group Conference Drury, Space Environment GLOUCESTER AND fault diagnostics. Dr Adam Research Centre. CHELTENHAM Zagorecki, Senior Research 13 June , Fellow, Cranfi eld University. Edwin A Link Lecture CHESTER Restaurant Conference Room, 18 July — Airlander Admiral P A Chivers, Director, Military Aviation Authority Room 017, Beswick Building, off Down Hatherley Lane. development. Andy Barton, Flight Simulation Group Named Lecture University of Chester, Parkgate 7.30pm. Peter Smith, T +44 . Road. 7.30pm. Keith Housely, (0)1452 857205. T +44 (0)151 348 4480. 16 May — The Napier Deltic PARIS All lectures start at 18.00hrs unless otherwise stated. 10 May — Branch AGM engine: its development and Salle Vinci, 52 rue Jacques Conference proceedings are available at followed by ‘I tell my story’ applications. Nigel Paine, Hillairet, Paris 12th. www.aerosociety.com/news/proceedings short talks by Branch Napier Power Heritage 23 May — members. Trust. Lecture. United Space in

52 AEROSPACE / MAY 2017 Copy date for the next issue of AEROSPACE is 3 May.

An RAF Tornado GR4 of 31 Squadron is readied for take off as it prepares to depart Kandahar Airfi eld, Afghanistan, for the fi nal time. Wg Cdr Paul Morris will discuss the air operations over Afghanistan in the Ernest Dove Lecture at Southend on 9 May. MoD/Crown copyright (2017).

Europe Jan Woerner, DG, The Defence Academy of University. 11 May — Electric aeroplanes 17 May — Branch AGM European Space Agency. the , Joint 9 June — Annual Dinner. panel discussion. followed by Renewing the Services Command Staff Château de Larroque, 32200 Great Western Railway fl eet. PRESTON College, Shrivenham. 7.30pm. Gimont. YEOVIL Andy Mellors, Engineering Personnel and Conference New attendees must provide Dallas Conference Room 1A, Director, Great Western Centre, BAE Systems, Warton. details of the vehicle they will WASHINGTON DC Leonardo Helicopters, Yeovil. Railway. Joint lecture with 7.30pm. Alan Matthews, be using not later than fi ve British Embassy, 3100 6.30pm. David Mccallum, IMechE. T +44 (0)1995 61470. days before the event. Photo Massachusetts Avenue NW, E david.mccallum@ 15 June — Taranis UAV. Chris 10 May — History of ID will be required at the gate Washington, DC 20008. 6pm. leonardocompany.com Clarkson, BAE Systems. Blackpool Airport. Russell (Driving Licence/Passport). Brown. Advise attendance preferably 14 June — Future Hawk. John via email to raeswindon@ Napier Deltic-powered British Rail Class 55 no 55022 Royal Scots Grey is seen after arriving at Hurrell, BAE Systems. gmail.com or Branch Secretary Grosmont on 18 September 2009 during the North Yorkshire Moors Railway’s annual Diesel Gala. Colin Irvin, The Napier Deltic engine will be discussed by Nigel Paine at Cheltenham on 16 May. Graeme9022. SEATTLE T +44 (0)7740 136609. Museum of Flight, 9404 East 3 May — All-day visit to RNAS Marginal Way South, Seattle, Yeovilton. Washington. 6.30pm. 16 May — Introduction to the SYDNEY KC-46 tanker design. Danny Mechanical Engineering Wright, KC-46 Chief Mechanic. Theatre, University of Sydney, Shepherd Street, Darlington. SOUTHEND 6.30pm. The Royal Naval Association, 3 May — The European 79 East Street, Southend-on- Space Agency Rosetta Mission Sea. 8pm. Sean Corr, T +44 and lessons for the Australian (0)20 7929 3400. space context. Warwick 9 May — Ernest Dove Holmes, Executive Director of Lecture. Air operations in Space Engineering, University Afghanistan. Wg Cdr Paul of Sydney. Morris. TOULOUSE STEVENAGE Symposium Room, B01, Airbus 1900 Building, Rooms 1 and 2, HQ/SAS, 1 rond point Maurice The Metropolitan Restaurant, Bellonte, 31707 Blagnac. MBDA, Six Hills, Stevenage. 6pm. Contact: Pass@RAeS- 5.30pm. Toulouse.org for a security 11 May — Young persons’ pass. lecture competition. 16 May — Branch AGM followed by Tenth ADS SWINDON Lecture. Prof Iain Gray, Director The Montgomery Theatre, of Aerospace, Cranfi eld

Find us on Twitter i Find us on LinkedIn f Find us on Facebook www.aerosociety.com MAY 2017 53 Afterburner Society News AUSTRALIAN DIVISION Australian aircraft designer wins the 2017 Lawrence Hargrave Award

Domination by US manufacturers of light aircraft since the 1950s left little opportunities for other countries. However, there is an Australian aircraft which was developed and sold worldwide in considerable numbers, the single-seat ‘Corby Starlet’. In 1958, John Corby, structures engineer developing repair schemes and modifi cations on aircraft, embarked on a lone project to complete the design that had begun in a light aircraft design competition but lapsed. The Starlet was completed in May 1966 and the fi rst fl ight was made in August with DCA offi cials in attendance. The aircraft was registered VH- CBS and, in time, John lodged his application for a Certifi cate of Airworthiness in November 1971. Above from left: Prof Chris version with improved aerodynamics. Certifi cation On 30 June 1972 DCA granted the Starlet the full Atkin, RAeS President; John under US FAA FAR23 rules was a major and Corby and John Vincent, then Certifi cate of Type Approval, No 74-1, identifying the Australian Division President. lengthy undertaking to allow export sales, leading Starlet as an aircraft in the same approved category Above right: Corby Starlet, to a number sold and operated in China and other as commercial aircraft. 28-3381. Bauple58. countries. The aircraft was employed extensively The Starlet arrived on the international scene in Australia and manufacture continued until where John Corby fl ew demonstration fl ights at 1990, by which time approximately 120 had been Oshkosh. As a result, a US agency asked for plans produced. Three Airtruks are known to be still fl ying and the fi rst of many Starlets was completed in in Australia and others survive in museums around 1986 and construction still continues. Numbers the world. are still fl ying and construction continues in the In the 1980s, Transavia was contracted to US today. By 2016, over 900 Starlet plans had construct a fl ying replica of a Sopwith Pup, the fi rst been sold in 30 countries. John is not sure of the WW1 reproduction aircraft to be built in Australasia number built but believes it is over 150 and it is and, while today New Zealand is a prolifi c supplier known that the aircraft is still fl ying in at least ten of WW1 aircraft to the world, a project of this nature countries, including the UK where the Light Aircraft IN in Australia at that time was without precedence, Association, which replaced the ULAA, reported in and involved pioneering research and engineering. 2016 that there are at present fi ve Starlets fl ying RECOGNITION As Chief Designer of Transavia, it fell to John Corby with 14 more under construction. OF HIS LIFE to engineer the replica to modern airworthiness Although current build Starlets are LONG CAREER standards. It fl ew for a number of years at air shows aerodynamically the same as the fi rst, various IN AUSTRALIAN and other events and is now preserved in the upgrades have been incorporated, including a RAAF’s Point Cook Museum in Victoria. John Corby bubble canopy and wheel spats and John Corby AIRCRAFT remained at Transavia for ten years. has redesigned the aircraft in an optional all-metal DESIGN AND John Corby still maintains contact with Starlet version named ‘Kestrel’. DEVELOPMENT, builders and fl yers around the World but refl ects In 1978, after leaving Qantas, John was that there is a diminishing market for ‘build from appointed General Manager and Chief Designer JOHN CORBY IS scratch’ designs in a market now dominated by of Transavia, a Sydney company producing the THE RECIPIENT comprehensive kits with laser-cut components and ingenious, specialised PL-12 Airtruk agricultural OF THE ROYAL other developments to reduce production time and aircraft. The Airtruk’s most distinctive feature were AERONAUTICAL man hours. However, numbers of the Starlet will be widely separated, cantilever twin boom T tails around for many more years. which allowed loaders direct, unrestricted access SOCIETY In recognition of his life-long career in Australian to the fuselage when loading the hopper. The short AUSTRALIAN aircraft design and development, John Corby is fuselage featured a tricycle landing gear and a high DIVISIONS 2017 the recipient of the Royal Aeronautical Society pilot position for best view and safety. John was LAWRENCE Australian Division’s 2017 Lawrence Hargrave employed to engineer an alternative power plant, Award. and supervise development of an improved model, HARGRAVE the T300 Skyfarmer and, in 1988, an extended AWARD Jeff Lock

54 AEROSPACE / MAY 2017 YOUNG PERSONS NETWORK YPN in the spotlight

Daniel Young Yeovil Branch

Daniel is an Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS) Engineer for Leonardo Helicopters and currently based at the company’s UK site in Yeovil. Daniel has been a committee member of the Yeovil Branch since June 2015 and, during that time, has become the Branch Newsletter Editor, the YPN Representative and co-ordinator of the Engineering Days in Schools initiatives.

Q: Why do you think the RAeS is important for Q. How do you aim to improve the service of the young aerospace professionals? RAeS to young members at a local level? A: It provides young aerospace professionals a A: The key aim I have in improving the service the strong support network that can enable them to RAeS provides at a local level is to bring a modern grow and reach their full potential by offering a approach to how the Branch operates in my area wide range of activities that cater to a number of through increasing our online presence and by different needs. The RAeS provides numerous creating a large impact on the local community with opportunities throughout its framework (events, aerospace-based events. sponsorship, awards and learning resources) that Communication is another important factor I can be utilised by young people looking to further want to improve within my area, so that we can develop themselves in either their careers, or their make people aware of both current and future own personal lives. activities carried out by the RAeS. This is achieved What I particularly fi nd rewarding are the at present through the regular email and face-to- opportunities offered through regular networking face contact I have with our local young members; events and specialist talks and the outreach support however, I am always looking to expand the network structure that allows me to put on STEM events wherever possible through the new opportunities (such as Cool Aeronautics). offered by social media.

Q. Why did you volunteer for the YPN? Q. Tell us about a past or future event for young A: The RAeS has a long tradition of excellence people in your area: in aerospace and aviation and that is something A: In December I organised a Cool Aeronautics I wanted to be a part of. My personal philosophy event at the Fleet Air Arm Museum (FAAM) which is to be the change you want to see in the world, was attended by 151 local primary school students THE RAES HAS A because the things we do in life defi ne who we are from nine local schools and supervised by 50 young LONG TRADITION as a person. Volunteering and actively participating professionals from the local aerospace industry. in the YPN is one way I want to shape the future of The aim of the event was to celebrate 150 Years OF EXCELLENCE aerospace. of the RAeS and 90 Years of the Yeovil Branch, IN AEROSPACE It is also important to note that the RAeS while simultaneously inspiring the next generation allows a collection of individuals who have a shared to pursue a career within aerospace. The day really AND AVIATION interest to become a community of people working captured the imaginations of everyone present and AND THAT IS towards a common goal – the advancement of the level of enthusiasm shown by the students was SOMETHING I aerospace and aviation across the globe. I believe wonderful to see. Due to the success of the event, that the YPN will play an important part in achieving the FAAM and the schools involved have personally WANTED TO BE A that overall vision. asked if it can be turned into an annual occasion. PART OF

Find us on Twitter i Find us on LinkedIn f Find us on Facebook www.aerosociety.com MAY 2017 55 Afterburner Elections

FELLOWS Susan Ying Samuel Roddie Simon Young Daniel Ronen SOCIETY OFFICERS Hakeem Sarki President: Prof Chris Atkin Sondipon Adhikari MEMBERS Shivprasad Shivprasad President-Elect: ACM Sir Stephen Dalton Stephen Allen Jasbir Singh Ann Bartaby Syed Ahmed Robert Stallard BOARD CHAIRMEN Peter Baumgartner Daniel Alcock Bryan Stonehouse Alexandre Begougne Alexander Allen Joseph Stonham Learned Society Chairman: Ian Middleton de Juniac John Allen Marco Stoppelli Membership Services Chairman: Jeffrey Bender Richard Allen Paul Tatton Dr Alisdair Wood Michael Cadwallader Nachiket Alur Sarah Taylor Professional Standards Chairman: Charles Champion Cyrille Arnoux Richard Vallance Prof Jonathan Cooper Alistair Crawford Arun Kumar Hermanus Van Vuuren Ioannis Damigos Balasubramaniam Sarah Varney-Wiseman DIVISION PRESIDENTS Paul Doherty Lynsey Barta Alexander Walker Lee Farrelly Daniel Branson Stuart Walker Australia: Andrew Neely Paul Febvre Andrew Carmichael Robert Warnett New Zealand: John MaciIree Derek Garner Simon Covell Stephen Whitehouse Pakistan: AM Salim Arshad John Gibson Christopher Craig Peter Whittingham South African: Dr Glen Snedden Jonathan Godsell Michael Dales Sarah Wilde Elling Halvorson Luke Elston Geoffrey Wilkinson Nicholas Hesse Paul Evans Colin Williams Trevor Higgs Colin Field WITH REGRET Carl Holt Guy Fraser ASSOCIATE The RAeS announces with regret the deaths of the Michael Huerta Sau Ming Fung MEMBERS Antony Hunt Arijit Ghosh following members: Jae-Wook Kim Edward Goodwin Safwan Alhawawsheh John C Cannon FRAeS 70 Chris Knowles Karthikk Raja Matthew Ayton Michael James Collins IEng AMRAeS 85 Christopher Lee Gopalakrishnan William Beattie Darren Lewington Anthony Green Milan Beharie Edwin Thomas Collins CEng MRAeS 82 David Lockwood Paul Guthrie Nikul Bhadasia Air Marshal Azim Daudpota HonCRAeS 83 Graham Lovell Owen Harcombe Laura Blagden Gregory Marshall Lewis Hatton Aaron Boden William Edward Morris CEng FRAeS 94 Timothy Marshall Thomas Heathcote Jack Chilvers Peter Phillips Affi liate 80 John McMillan Daniel Hendon Christopher Clarke Colin Miller Matthew Holboj James Cullen Frank Gerrie Willox OBE CEng FRAeS 88 Mark Miller Mark Holmes Davide Di Pasquale Lou Nemeth Nils Jamieson Alexander Drath Thomas Nesthus Kishore Kannadhasan Richard Johns Adrian Neve Mustajeeb Khan Naveen Joseph Mathew Christine Ourmieres- Anoop Kundi Suraj Khadka Rachel Solomons Widener Hazel Le Cornu Hirantha Kumarasinghe Christopher Tidy Dinnaga Padmaperuma Alan Lipscombe Andrew Lawrie Kenneth (Ken) Pascoe Claudio Marongiu Syed Munawar E-ASSOCIATES Graham Pass Alec Martin Alberto Rivas Cid Brian Pearce James McCarthy Christopher Prashant Chakravarty Charlotte Pedersen Paul McDonagh Romanowski William McKibben Tim Procter Abhishek Morey Diana Rotariu Jovi Sinclair Simon Ransom Prasanth Neti Jamie Snudden Ian Revell Richard Newns Hannah Swindell AFFILIATES Frederick Roggero Martin Njihia Panagiotis Vasilopoulos Peter Rushton Tim O’Hanrahan Christopher Bartlett Stephen Simm Elizabeth Owens ASSOCIATES Sam Carter Daniel Stembridge Erle Pereira Simon Eddings Bruno Stouffl et Jonathan Pulham Alexander Cooksley Hugh Kennedy Brendan Sweeney Ashlin Ramdas William Ellis Philip Taylor Ron Rappaport Paul Enwright STUDENT AFFILIATES Dennis Vincenzi Simon Rayner Eleanor Nicholls Roger Walker Mark Richards Enock Nkata Ruvarashe Nyaruwata Nigel Walpole Paul Richardson Basil Partridge-Dyer Kevin O’Shea Mark Winzar Stefan Roberts Ayuran Selvathasan Damian Verbakel

56 AEROSPACE / MAY 2017 Obituaries PETER JOHN ALLARD

FRAeS League and served on the UK Industrial Space 1934-2016 Committee of the Society of Companies (SBAC). After a brief battle with cancer, Peter Allard passed Always keen to put something back into the away on 27 December 2016. Born in Filton, he Industry, in 1991 he gave funding for an annual qualifi ed as an aeronautical engineer with the Bristol medal to the Society. The ‘Peter Allard Charitable Aeroplane Company, now Rolls-Royce, in Bristol. Foundation’ was formed to encourage the training With two colleagues, Roger Smedley and Ian Creer, of engineers in the fi eld of aerospace and related the engineering design company, SAC International, industries. Thus the Peter Allard Silver Medal was was formed in 1961. founded in 1992 which was awarded for practical achievement leading to the use of composite A fuller obituary for Peter joined the Bristol Branch of the Royal materials in aerospace. Peter may be found on Aeronautical Society in 1969, being elected on In 1985 SAC International merged with The the Society’s website at: to the Committee the following year and became Ricardo Group plc where Peter played an active aerosociety.com/News/ Treasurer in 1971 for some nine years. In 1983 he consultancy role for many years. Society-News/ became President of the Branch. His enthusiasm and dedication to the aerospace industry was He leaves a widow, Sallie, and daughters Mandy impressive. He was also a member of The Air and Sharon. FRANK GERRIE WILLOX

OBE CEng FRAeS is visible even to this day, in its tidy lines and real 1929-2017 capabilities. Always one to get to the root of any issues that Gerrie (pronounced with a hard G, almost as Garry) had to be dealt with, he was never one to stand on Willox, who has died aged 88, was a leading light in ceremony; he would always fi nd the person in the both the Tornado and Typhoon fi ghter programmes. organisation, no matter how junior, who could give His career in the aerospace industry coincided with him the answer he needed. As was said at his well- the time it embraced European collaboration, a attended funeral at Wrea Green Parish Church on 7 change of focus and he was at its centre. Joining March, it was a life lived at Mach 2. All who worked the Aviation Company in 1956, he with him had the utmost respect for his knowledge A fuller obituary for grew to play leading roles in both the Tornado Multi and attention to detail. Of the old school, the likes of Gerrie may be found on Role Combat Aircraft (the fi rst major European him will never be seen again. the Society’s website at: military collaborative project) and the formative In 1986 the Royal Aeronautical Society awarded aerosociety.com/News/ stages of the European Fighter Aircraft/Typhoon. him the Silver Medal and, in the June 1987 Birthday Society-News/ He was the fi rst Managing Director of Eurofi ghter Honours List, he was awarded the OBE. Gerrie Jagdfl ugzeug GmbH, from 1986 to 1991. First Willox is survived by his widow, Elizabeth, and their fl ight was in March 1993. His attention to detail son Malcolm. JOHN AUGUSTUS BEZZANT

IEng AMRAeS Production Engineer at Ultra Electric’s Gosport 1923-2016 television factory. After Ultra John became Toolroom Manager John Augustus Bezzant born on 26 January for Belling and Lee followed by Mallensons in Kent 1923, becoming an apprentice at the (aircraft fl oors) and Berg airbrakes in Scotland. After subsidiary of Airspeed in Portsmouth in 1939 and this he and his wife Mabel moved to Bhandup in progressed to the experimental department. India as John had secured a position with GKW. Two weeks before D-Day John and others After India, John worked for Tri-ang in prepared nine Horsa gliders, installing circular Merthyr Tydfi l but then started his own small fl anges with explosive bolts connecting front and factory ‘Shounabath’ in Cefn Coed manufacturing A fuller obituary for rear fuselage sections and drogue parachutes, for steam/shower baths of his own design that were John may be found on use in capturing the Benouville and Ranville bridges. functionally successful but hard to sell. Under the Society’s website at: After the war John worked on the Ambassador contract, John also built digger cockpits for Hymac aerosociety.com/News/ and became briefl y involved with Comet tailpipes. which failed, owing money to Shounabath which Society-News/ John then joined Folland to organise production also failed. From then until retirement at 89, John of the Midge (a private Folland venture and a undertook large and small contract jobs in his predecessor of the Gnat), then became Chief workshop/double garage.

Find us on Twitter i Find us on LinkedIn f Find us on Facebook www.aerosociety.com MAY 2017 57 The Last Word

COMMENTARY FROM Professor Keith Hayward FRAeS

Stop all the clocks – well let’s hope not

urope’s hopes of deploying an face powerful competition from the likes of SpaceX independent satellite navigation system and Russian and Chinese rockets. Airbus-Safran – Galileo – experienced something of a Launchers has again raised the question of forcing setback earlier this year with news that European preference on the region’s institutional several satellites had experienced atomic customers. This is a long-standing gripe, with the US Eclock failures. These clocks are at the heart of the and most of the other rocket-owning countries closing system’s accuracy and clearly vital to the success of their government space markets to outsiders. Ariane the full global constellation of 26 due to be deployed 6 promises to be 40-50% cheaper than the current over the next two years. With two sets of clocks, generation and a guaranteed base market should not the current fl eet of eleven is still operational, and imply an economic penalty. However, this may still be ESA believes the failures were due to problems in a hard sell to Europe’s smaller or non-space faring switching them back on after a period of dormancy. countries. The same Swiss-made clocks are also on More positively, a French reusable rocket engine board the Chinese and Indian equivalents and were programme is getting a €85m boost from ESA, procured as part of a drive to ensure European which is ready to sign a contract with Airbus-Safran independence in key space technologies. All those Launchers that would lead to an engine test in 2020. involved will be crossing their fi ngers that this is not a This is unlikely to affect the emerging competition systemic weakness. The next four are due for launch with SpaceX in the short term, but it could help to in August on-board an Ariane 5 rocket. keep the European launcher operation in business The €3bn programme is the EU’s largest space into the 2030s. commitment and is overseen by the Global Navigation Satellite Services Agency on behalf of the European Britain outside the European space Commission. The satellites are procured from OHB market by the European Space Agency (ESA) whose Director-General, Jan Woerner, has said Galileo is What these two stories underline is that even a degree all about technology leadership, independence and of autonomy in space is not cheap. Nevertheless, an competitiveness. The civilian-run system has had a independent launcher and global positioning system troubled gestation and was branded an unnecessary represents a goodly chunk of independence but there duplication by the US but, so close to completion, it are still several holes in European space – or areas AIRBUS-SAFRAN will be an important addition to the European space like military communications that are still subject to economy. Now that it is marketing its highest accuracy national or bilateral fragmentation. There is certainly LAUNCHERS HAS signals to allied nations, Galileo will be a critical appetite among the major European space powers to AGAIN RAISED element in future European security and military continue on the path to greater autonomy in space. THE QUESTION operations. The sad fact is that Brexit may leave the UK OF FORCING space industry struggling to maintain access to this Ariane 6 and European preference market. It will not happen overnight, as contracts EUROPEAN and industrial linkages have a momentum that will PREFERENCE The search for autonomy in space has been carry through after departure. Membership of ESA ON THE a European objective for several decades and will not depend on EU membership either but, as REGION’S underpinned development of the Ariane launcher the EU funds more of the big space programmes, family. The fact that Ariane is now the market leader even Britain’s close industrial ties through Airbus INSTITUTIONAL for commercial satellite launches is a perhaps a bonus Defence and Space may not be enough to escape EU CUSTOMERS from a geopolitical perspective. The new Ariane 6 will sanctions.

58 AEROSPACE / MAY 2017 Society Conference UAS Seminar

AIRCREW MENTAL HEALTH SAFELY ENABLING UNMANNED AERIAL SYSTEM TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT REGULATORY AND IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES

LONDON / 23 MAY 2017 LONDON / 16 MAY 2017

This conference will provide This seminar will bring delegates with opportunity together key stakeholders to to engage in practical consider the key challenges programmes based on and opportunities for safely responses to the January enabling unmanned aerial 2017 EASA mandated Peer system traffic management, Support Programmes. considering low level operations and the scope of The primary aim will be full . to surface the EASA requirement and provide risk profile incidence evidence and current experience of PSS. www.aerosociety.com/AircrewMentalHealth www.aerosociety.com/UTM

Sponsor: Sponsorship

Sponsor and exhibitor opportunities are available for this conference. For more information please contact [email protected] or call +44(0)20 7670 4345

in partnership with

Fantastic images from the National Aerospace Library Collection of the Royal Aeronautical Society are now available to purchase as reproduction prints and giftware items. View the complete collection at: www.prints-online.com