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Looking Into Iraq
Chaillot Paper July 2005 n°79 Looking into Iraq Martin van Bruinessen, Jean-François Daguzan, Andrzej Kapiszewski, Walter Posch and Álvaro de Vasconcelos Edited by Walter Posch cc79-cover.qxp 28/07/2005 15:27 Page 2 Chaillot Paper Chaillot n° 79 In January 2002 the Institute for Security Studies (ISS) beca- Looking into Iraq me an autonomous Paris-based agency of the European Union. Following an EU Council Joint Action of 20 July 2001, it is now an integral part of the new structures that will support the further development of the CFSP/ESDP. The Institute’s core mission is to provide analyses and recommendations that can be of use and relevance to the formulation of the European security and defence policy. In carrying out that mission, it also acts as an interface between European experts and decision-makers at all levels. Chaillot Papers are monographs on topical questions written either by a member of the ISS research team or by outside authors chosen and commissioned by the Institute. Early drafts are normally discussed at a semi- nar or study group of experts convened by the Institute and publication indicates that the paper is considered Edited by Walter Posch Edited by Walter by the ISS as a useful and authoritative contribution to the debate on CFSP/ESDP. Responsibility for the views expressed in them lies exclusively with authors. Chaillot Papers are also accessible via the Institute’s Website: www.iss-eu.org cc79-Text.qxp 28/07/2005 15:36 Page 1 Chaillot Paper July 2005 n°79 Looking into Iraq Martin van Bruinessen, Jean-François Daguzan, Andrzej Kapiszewski, Walter Posch and Álvaro de Vasconcelos Edited by Walter Posch Institute for Security Studies European Union Paris cc79-Text.qxp 28/07/2005 15:36 Page 2 Institute for Security Studies European Union 43 avenue du Président Wilson 75775 Paris cedex 16 tel.: +33 (0)1 56 89 19 30 fax: +33 (0)1 56 89 19 31 e-mail: [email protected] www.iss-eu.org Director: Nicole Gnesotto © EU Institute for Security Studies 2005. -
'A Reign of Terror'
‘A Reign of Terror’ CUP Rule in Diyarbekir Province, 1913-1923 Uğur Ü. Üngör University of Amsterdam, Department of History Master’s thesis ‘Holocaust and Genocide Studies’ June 2005 ‘A Reign of Terror’ CUP Rule in Diyarbekir Province, 1913-1923 Uğur Ü. Üngör University of Amsterdam Department of History Master’s thesis ‘Holocaust and Genocide Studies’ Supervisors: Prof. Johannes Houwink ten Cate, Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies Dr. Karel Berkhoff, Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies June 2005 2 Contents Preface 4 Introduction 6 1 ‘Turkey for the Turks’, 1913-1914 10 1.1 Crises in the Ottoman Empire 10 1.2 ‘Nationalization’ of the population 17 1.3 Diyarbekir province before World War I 21 1.4 Social relations between the groups 26 2 Persecution of Christian communities, 1915 33 2.1 Mobilization and war 33 2.2 The ‘reign of terror’ begins 39 2.3 ‘Burn, destroy, kill’ 48 2.4 Center and periphery 63 2.5 Widening and narrowing scopes of persecution 73 3 Deportations of Kurds and settlement of Muslims, 1916-1917 78 3.1 Deportations of Kurds, 1916 81 3.2 Settlement of Muslims, 1917 92 3.3 The aftermath of the war, 1918 95 3.4 The Kemalists take control, 1919-1923 101 4 Conclusion 110 Bibliography 116 Appendix 1: DH.ŞFR 64/39 130 Appendix 2: DH.ŞFR 87/40 132 Appendix 3: DH.ŞFR 86/45 134 Appendix 4: Family tree of Y.A. 136 Maps 138 3 Preface A little less than two decades ago, in my childhood, I became fascinated with violence, whether it was children bullying each other in school, fathers beating up their daughters for sneaking out on a date, or the omnipresent racism that I did not understand at the time. -
1 the Turks and Europe by Gaston Gaillard London: Thomas Murby & Co
THE TURKS AND EUROPE BY GASTON GAILLARD LONDON: THOMAS MURBY & CO. 1 FLEET LANE, E.C. 1921 1 vi CONTENTS PAGES VI. THE TREATY WITH TURKEY: Mustafa Kemal’s Protest—Protests of Ahmed Riza and Galib Kemaly— Protest of the Indian Caliphate Delegation—Survey of the Treaty—The Turkish Press and the Treaty—Jafar Tayar at Adrianople—Operations of the Government Forces against the Nationalists—French Armistice in Cilicia—Mustafa Kemal’s Operations—Greek Operations in Asia Minor— The Ottoman Delegation’s Observations at the Peace Conference—The Allies’ Answer—Greek Operations in Thrace—The Ottoman Government decides to sign the Treaty—Italo-Greek Incident, and Protests of Armenia, Yugo-Slavia, and King Hussein—Signature of the Treaty – 169—271 VII. THE DISMEMBERMENT OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE: 1. The Turco-Armenian Question - 274—304 2. The Pan-Turanian and Pan-Arabian Movements: Origin of Pan-Turanism—The Turks and the Arabs—The Hejaz—The Emir Feisal—The Question of Syria—French Operations in Syria— Restoration of Greater Lebanon—The Arabian World and the Caliphate—The Part played by Islam - 304—356 VIII. THE MOSLEMS OF THE FORMER RUSSIAN EMPIRE AND TURKEY: The Republic of Northern Caucasus—Georgia and Azerbaïjan—The Bolshevists in the Republics of Caucasus and of the Transcaspian Isthmus—Armenians and Moslems - 357—369 IX. TURKEY AND THE SLAVS: Slavs versus Turks—Constantinople and Russia - 370—408 2 THE TURKS AND EUROPE I THE TURKS The peoples who speak the various Turkish dialects and who bear the generic name of Turcomans, or Turco-Tatars, are distributed over huge territories occupying nearly half of Asia and an important part of Eastern Europe. -
The Regional Geopolitics of Saudi-Yemeni Relations
1 MORE THAN JUST A BOUNDARY DISPUTE: THE REGIONAL GEOPOLITICS OF SAUDI-YEMENI RELATIONS Fadhl Al-Maghafi Thesis submitted for the degree of PhD 2012 Faculty of Law and Social Science School of Oriental and African Studies University of London Figures (Vol. 2/3) 1 Table of Figures 2 Table of Figures Figures ........................................................................................................ ............................................ Table of Figures ......................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Congratulating President Saleh on his return from Jeddah .......................................................... 5 1.1.1. Taḥrir Square, Sana’a ............................................................................................................ 6 .............................................................................................................................................................. 6 1.1.2. The General Public Party Area (GPC) .................................................................................... 7 1.1.3. Chamber of Commerce Area, Sana’a .................................................................................. 8 1.2. A map showing the position of the Arabian Peninsula in the global network of trade routes in the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries .................................................................................................... 9 1.3. Arabia in Early Maps -
Information to Users
INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. ProQuest Information and Learning 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 800-521-0600 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ILL-FATED’ SONS OF THE ‘NATION’: OTTOMAN PRISONERS OF WAR IN RUSSIA AND EGYPT, 1914-1922 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Yucel Yarukdag. -
Assimilation of the Muslim Communities in the First Decade of the Turkish Republic (1923-1934)
European Journal of Turkish Studies Social Sciences on Contemporary Turkey Complete List | 2007 Assimilation of the Muslim communities in the first decade of the Turkish Republic (1923-1934) Erol Ülker Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/ejts/822 DOI : 10.4000/ejts.822 ISSN : 1773-0546 Éditeur EJTS Référence électronique Erol Ülker, « Assimilation of the Muslim communities in the first decade of the Turkish Republic (1923-1934) », European Journal of Turkish Studies [En ligne], Liste complète, mis en ligne le 11 janvier 2008, consulté le 19 février 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/ejts/822 ; DOI : 10.4000/ejts. 822 © Some rights reserved / Creative Commons license Citation: Ülker, Erol ‘Assimilation of the Muslim communities in the first decade of the Turkish Republic (1923-1934)‘, European Journal of Turkidh Studies, URL: http://www.ejts.org/document822.html To quote a passage, use paragraph (§). Assimilation of the Muslim communities in the first decade of the Turkish Republic (1923-1934) Erol Ülker Abstract. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how immigration- settlement policies were employed by post-Lausanne Turkey to create a homogenous nation-state. Focusing on the incorporation of immigrants in the period of 1923-1934, the paper argues that the state policies of migration and settlement pursued two primary objectives that were closely connected with the nationalizing measures. They were carried out for the assimilation of non-Turkish-speaking Muslims on the one hand, and for the Turkification of Kurdish-populated eastern provinces on the other. Citation: Ülker, Erol ‘Assimilation of the Muslim communities in the first decade of the Turkish Republic (1923-1934) ‘, European Journal of Turkish Studies, URL: http://www.ejts.org/document822.html To quote a passage, use paragraph (§). -
African Communities in Asia and the Mediterranean the Harriet Tubman Series on the African Diaspora
African Communities in Asia and the Mediterranean The Harriet Tubman Series on the African Diaspora Paul E. Lovejoy and Toyin Falola, eds., Pawnship, Slavery and Colonial- ism in Africa, 2003. Donald G. Simpson, Under the North Star: Black Communities in Upper Canada before Confederation (1867), 2005. Paul E. Lovejoy, Slavery, Commerce and Production in West Africa: Slave Society in the Sokoto Caliphate, 2005. José C. Curto and Renée Soulodre-La France, eds., Africa and the Americas: Interconnections during the Slave Trade, 2005. Paul E. Lovejoy, Ecology and Ethnography of Muslim Trade in West Africa, 2005. Naana Opoku-Agyemang, Paul E. Lovejoy and David Trotman, eds., Africa and Trans-Atlantic Memories: Literary and Aesthetic Mani- festations of Diaspora and History, 2008. Boubacar Barry, Livio Sansone, and Elisée Soumonni, eds., Africa, Brazil, and the Construction of Trans-Atlantic Black Identities, 2008. Behnaz Asl Mirzai, Ismael Musah Montana, and Paul E. Lovejoy, eds., Slavery, Islam and Diaspora, 2009. Carolyn Brown and Paul E. Lovejoy, eds., Repercussions of the Atlantic Slave Trade: The Interior of the Bight of Biafra and the African Diaspora, 2010. Ute Röschenthaler, Purchasing Culture in the Cross River Region of Cameroon and Nigeria, 2011. Ana Lucia Araujo, Mariana P. Candido and Paul E. Lovejoy, eds., Crossing Memories: Slavery and African Diaspora, 2011. Edmund Abaka, House of Slaves and “Door of No Return”: Gold Coast Castles and Forts of the Atlantic Slave Trade, forthcoming. AFRICAN COMMUNITIES IN ASIA AND THE MEDITERRANEAN Identities between Integration and Conflict Edited by Ehud R. Toledano AFRICA WORLD PRESS Trenton | London | Cape Town | Nairobi | Addis Ababa | Asmara | Ibadan | New Delhi AFRICA WORLD PRESS 541 West Ingham Avenue | Suite B Trenton, New Jersey 08638 Copyright © 2011 Ehud R. -
Ptolemy's Geography and the Tabulae Modernae
Ptolemy’s Geography and the Tabulae modernae – A Comparison of Maps Using the Example of the Arabian Peninsula NIKLAAS GÖRSCH , Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Germany The geographical understanding of the world plays a crucial role in shaping the reality and the imagination of any culture. Klaudios Ptolemaios or Ptolemy (c. 100 – c. 170) compiled the “Graeco-Roman” geographical knowledge about the world of the 2nd century in his Geography . From a historical and geographical point of view, his collection is a unique source of investigation. In Europe, the Geography was rediscovered in the early 15th century. This paper wants to account for questions on geographical knowledge existing in the ancient Mediterranean and in 15th and 16th century Europe about the Arabian Peninsula, the then so-called Arabia Felix . One aim of this approach is to investigate what kind of toponyms in this area we preserved through the Geography and how this knowledge was received by early modern geographers and mapmakers in their Tabulae modernae (or novae). Linked Open Geodata is used for comparing two different sorts of maps and its toponyms of certain areas of the Arabian Peninsula. QGIS is applied to make similarities visible between the antiquity and the early modern period by creating different georeferenced and transformed layers. Traditional historical methods and new technologies are brought together. On the one hand, methods from historical geography are employed. On the other hand, open data methods are used to compare already known locations from historical and archaeological research and make it possible to discuss solutions in localising places, which are unknown in modern times but were localised and are mentioned by Ptolemy or in a Tabula moderna. -
|||GET||| Negotiating Identities States and Immigrants in France And
NEGOTIATING IDENTITIES STATES AND IMMIGRANTS IN FRANCE AND GERMANY 1ST EDITION DOWNLOAD FREE Barbara Harshav | 9780691010151 | | | | | Turks in France France portal Turkey portal. Immigration is even more hotly debated in Europe than in the United States. Naturalization is therefore easy, but difficulties arise when immigrants want to preserve their own cultural communities. Get the latest book reviews delivered bi-weekly. Views Read Edit View history. Citizenship -- Germany. Filipino Vietnamese in Paris Laotian Cambodian. Discrimination against Turks in French society is seen particularly within the labour market when they are looking for jobs. France signed a bilateral labour recruitment agreement with Turkey on 8 May [6] because the number of entrants from other countries such as ItalySpain and Portugal was not sufficient. Write a review Rate this item: 1 2 3 4 5. Your Web browser is not enabled for JavaScript. Stay informed. Sign Up. Afghanistan India Pakistan. Riva Kastoryano Find more information about: Riva Kastoryano. Incompatible Equations. This site uses cookies to improve your user experience. The name field is required. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Turks in France. Share Share. Read more Both sides have benefited from this process. Tamil Pakistani Indian Sri Lankan. Conversely, immigrant organizations demanding recognition Negotiating Identities States and Immigrants in France and Germany 1st edition redefine national Negotiating Identities States and Immigrants in France and Germany 1st edition by reinforcing or modifying traditional sentiments. Be the first. As Riva Kastoryano shows in this excellent book, neither religious nor national communities are stable, and immigration challenges the ability of state to control and integrate identities. -
Poor Ottoman Turkish Women During World War I : Women’S Experiences and Politics in Everyday Life, 1914-1923 Ikbal Elif Mahir-Metinsoy
Poor Ottoman Turkish women during World War I : women’s experiences and politics in everyday life, 1914-1923 Ikbal Elif Mahir-Metinsoy To cite this version: Ikbal Elif Mahir-Metinsoy. Poor Ottoman Turkish women during World War I : women’s experiences and politics in everyday life, 1914-1923. History. Université de Strasbourg, 2012. English. NNT : 2012STRAG004. tel-01885891 HAL Id: tel-01885891 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01885891 Submitted on 2 Oct 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. UNIVERSITÉ DE STRASBOURG ÉCOLE DOCTORALE SCIENCES HUMAINES ET SOCIALES / PERSPECTIVES EUROPÉENS Cultures et Sociétés en Europe THÈSE présentée par : Ikbal Elif MAHIR METINSOY soutenue le : 29 juin 2012 pour obtenir le grade de : Docteur de l’Université de Strasbourg Discipline/ Spécialité : Histoire contemporaine Les femmes défavorisées ottomanes turques pendant la Première Guerre mondiale Les expériences des femmes et la politique féminine dans la vie quotidienne, 1914-1923 [Poor Ottoman Turkish Women during World War I : Women’s Experiences and Politics in Everyday Life, 1914-1923] THÈSE dirigée par : M. DUMONT Paul Professeur des universités, Université de Strasbourg Mme. KOKSAL Duygu Professeur associé HDR, Université de Boğaziçi RAPPORTEURS : M. -
An Anthology Marieke Brandt Is a Researcher at the Institute for Social Anthropology (ISA) at the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna
SEG XVIII _ _ _ _ _ _ Sammlung Eduard Glaser _ XVIII MARIEKE BRANDT (ED.) In Yemen, “tribe” is a historically rooted, emic concept of social represen- tation. Rooted in remotest antiquity, over the last centuries the concept of tribe in Yemen has undergone transformations, but also featured aspects of continuity. Today, with the emergence of massive political change, the eruption of popular uprisings, armed conflicts, external military inter- vention and the associated weakness of the state, tribalism seems to be gaining in importance once again, filling the void created by a retreating state. This collective volume explores the longevity and diversity of ma- nifestations of tribalism in present-day Yemen. It aims at updating and Tribes in Modern Yemen: rethinking research on tribes and tribalism in Yemen and providing new input for the discussion of tribalism in the Middle East. An Anthology Marieke Brandt is a researcher at the Institute for Social Anthropology (ISA) at the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna. Her research focuses on tri- balism, tribal history and genealogy, and tribe-state relations in Southwest Arabia, particularly in Yemen. Tribes in Modern Yemen: An Anthology ISBN 978-3-7001-8619-9 Marieke Brandt (ed.) 9 783700 186199 Dph MADE IN EUROPE 531 Tribes_in_Jemen_Umschlag_Entwurf Rücken 9,7mm.indd Alle Seiten 21.07.2021 10:33:24 MARIEKE BRANDT (ED.) TRIbES IN MODERN YEmEN: AN ANTHOLOGy ÖSTERREICHISCHE AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN PHILOSOPHISCH-HISTORISCHE KLASSE DENKSCHRIFTEN, 531. BAND SAMMLUNG EDUARD GLASER XVIII MARIEKE BRANDT (ED.) Tribes in Modern Yemen: An Anthology Angenommen durch die Publikationskommission der philosophisch- historischen Klasse der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften: Accepted by the publication committee of the Division of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Austrian Academy of Sciences by: Michael Alram, Bert G. -
Virtual Reality Model of the Northern Sluice of the Ancient Dam in Marib
Chapter 09 16/7/07 12:31 pm Page 340 Virtual Reality Model of the Northern Sluice of the Ancient Dam in Marib/Yemen by Combination of Digital Photogrammetry and Te rrestrial Laser Scanning for Archaeological Applications Thomas P.Kersten In this paper the potential of digital photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning in combination is demonstrated in the recording and 3D CAD construction of the northern sluice of the ancient dam in Marib/Yemen, which is located approx. 150 kilometre east of the capital city Sana’a, close to the inner Arabic desert. The Yemeni government proposed for initiation of the building into the list of the UNESCO world cultural heritage. This described project work is a co-operation between the Commission for Archaeology of Non-European Cultures (KAAK) Bonn of the German Archaeological Institute (DAI) and the department Geomatics of the HafenCity University Hamburg. The object recording was carried out in January 2006 with the digital SLR camera Fujifilm FinePix S2 pro and the terrestrial laser scanner Trimble GS100 during the archaeological excavations. The northern sluice was reconstructed and visualized as a computer-based 3D CAD model for archaeological investigations (as-built- documentation of the excavations) and for future tourism advertising and publication purposes. 340 Chapter 09 16/7/07 12:31 pm Page 341 1. Introduction Yemen offers extensive archaeological potential, but many important archaeological sites are still unexplored to a large extent, as for example those of the antique Sabaean capitol city Marib. In the context of the main research field “antique water management” the remains of the antique dam of Marib have been comprehensively excavated, analysed and restored by the German Archaeological Institute since 2002 ([1], [2]) despite recent political events such as a kidnapping in December 2005.