RETURN TO THE LUNAR SURFACE
C&N Commercial Opportunities & Strategy
Lun-EX ; LunCommComm
Robert M. Kelso Manager, Commercial Space Development NASA–JSC, Commercial Crew/Cargo Program September 5, 2008 1 Executive Overview • Growing interest in early missions to moon with small landers – Science, technology validation / risk reduction • Growing interest in increased commercial/international involvement in NASA Vision. – Commercial lunar payload delivery and data buy – Commercial lunar comm
2 Motivation for Relay Telecommunications
• Direct-to-Earth link – Constrained EIRP – Large comm path length – Low data rates, high energy cost – Limited to Earth in view
• Telecommunications relay – Short comm path length – High data rates (even with simple omni links), low energy cost – Contact at times when Earth is not in view – Connectivity is strong function of orbit 3 Mars Exploration: Drivers on Telecommunications
Increased Science Data Return Energy Efficiency
Public Engagement - Creating a Virtual Presence at Mars
Robust Capture of Critical Event Tracking and Precision in situ Telemetry Navigation and Positioning
Increased Comm Contact for Complex Surface Operations 4 2003/2004 Mars Relay Operations
MGS Odyssey Mars Express
X-band Direct-to-Earth
UHF Relay Link
Backup/Demo UHF Link
Spirit Opportunity Beagle 2 5 Google Lunar X-Prize: Seeding the Market
The Google Lunar X PRIZE is a $30 million international competition to safely land a robot on the surface of the Moon, travel 500 meters over the lunar surface, and send images and data back to the Earth. Teams must be at least 90% privately funded and must be registered to compete by December 31, 2010. The first team to land on the Moon and complete the mission objectives will be awarded $20 million; the full first prize is available until December 31, 2012. After that date, the first prize will drop to $15 million. The final deadline for winning the prize is December 31, 2014.
Odyssey Moon Astrobotic Team Italia Micro Space Mystery Team FredNet
ARCA LunaTrex Quantum3 Chandah Advaeros STELLAR JURBAN Preferred Partners:
Moon 2.0: Join the Revolution 6 Lunar Payload Service/Data Demand Commercial + International + NASA (notional)
Entrepreneurial Missions Must Start Early to Capture Demand X PPA? 20 International Lunar Network X Lunar Data collection
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NASA X 10 Proof of concept missions UK NASA
Cumulative Demand Altair 3 / NASA-ESMD 5 X Orion 17 GLXP2 B-EntX -1 ISRO NASA NASA-ILN NASA NASA DLR
Altair 3 / NASA-ESMD 0 GLXP1 A-Ent-1 China JAX NASA-ILN UK ESA China NASA Orion 17 X Commercial Lunar Support Services O8 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Note: ENT missions not counted Cumulative Missions 2 4 8 10 12 14 16 19 20 20 22
7 C&N Need Lines Evolution: 2011
Commercial Lander DFE/DTE
Commercial Ground Station
8 C&N Need Lines Evolution: 2015
Landers & Science Experiments Commercial Lander DFE/DTE or Relayed
Commercial Lunar Relay Commercial Ground Station
NASA SCaN Earth Stations
NASA SCaN Network Commercial High Power Comm Commercial Ops Center NASA Low Power Comm? Lunar Relay Station
9 C&N Need Lines Evolution: 2024 Landers & Science Mission Control Commercial Lander GPS ISS Experiments DFE/DTE or Relayed LSAM
Outpost & IVA Crew
LCT
EVA Lunar Rover LRS
Orion Commercial Earth Stations SCaN Ares I Earth Ares V Stations
Commercial Lunar Relay Station TDRSS SCaN Network Ops Center 10 Aggregate Lunar C&N Demand
Entrepreneurial Missions Must Start Early to Capture Demand Commercial25 Opportunities
20 NASA ESMD Missions
15 NASA SMD Missions
10 International Missions Cumulative Missions 5 Commercial Opportunities
Planned Commercial Missions 0 Prior FY08 FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16 FY17 FY18 FY19 FY20
NASA ESMD NASA SMD International Commercial-Opportunity
9/9/2008 Lunar Commercialization Strategy 11 “Food for thought….” • What is government minimal essential comm if we assume a commercial lunar comm services? – 1. Trade study between lunar base, earth base, onboard, and crew. – 2. minimum capability to “remain” there vs min capability to “operate” there STS-83 fuel cell loss resulting in early mission return • Think “Right-to-Left” that includes a broad portfolio of lunar missions and comm services – MARS architecture Æ 2020 architecture Æ 2010 • Think “evolv-ability” • Strategy for testing/demonstrations/risk-mitigation for NASA/commercial comm between 2010-2013. • Where commercial-leveraging might apply (NASA seed funding for demonstrated capability leading to service) • Relative to the commercial “lunar network”, think endpoint capability for services vs detailed system-level requirements – Define “what”…… not “how” 12 13 Next Steps • Complete integration of NASA’s lunar “needs” : – 2010-2013 flight testing/demo – Develop the time-phased, integrated “need-lines” list for 2010-2020 • Assessment of industry interest (RFI) and market assessment • Define “enabling strategy” - trade tree of options including pure government, pure commercial, pure international, & hybrids – Characterize benefits, relative costs, & risks of each option – Consider “soft” factors: external politics, internal ability to manage, social factors 14 Backup
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Options for Commercial Participation in NASA Lunar Exploration Missions
Spectrum of Options for Commercial Participation
NASA Commercial
Programs Apollo & ISS Shuttle ISS Cmrcl Rspply Srvc COTS
Communications TDRSS Polar Communications Network NISN
Navigation GPS TD Navigation Beacons
Data Command & Control DTE RELAY
Surveyor & LRO Lunar Exploration Science Lunar C&N Lunar X-Prize (NASA funded and Campaign - Regular Small (Commercial funded managed) Lunar Micro-Landers MISSIONS Missions to the Moon and managed) ISS National Lab Science (Hybrid model - NASA and Lunar Observatories commercial funding and COTS: Space-X Earth Observations • Lunar Sample management) Odyssey MoonATK Return (e.g. dust) Sub-Orbital Observations Free Flyers 16