A Commercial Lunar Enterprise

Business Plan Overview

October 2007

Version 2.6

Excalibur Moon Limited

[email protected]

www.excaliburmoon.com

Excalibur Moon Proprietary Information

Excalibur Moon Limited will be an Isle of Man incorporated private limited company

WARNING: Excalibur Moon has prepared this document for internal management purposes and to provide potential employees of Excalibur Moon and interested third parties with an introduction to Excalibur Moon and its proposed activities only. Accordingly, this document is not intended to constitute an offer to directly or indirectly acquire securities in Excalibur Moon. The information contained in this document is to be regarded as confidential and any intellectual property subsisting within to be the ownership of Excalibur Moon. This document should not be copied or shown to any third party without the written consent of Excalibur Moon.

Excalibur Moon Limited Business Plan Overview

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTORY NOTES AND DISCLAIMER ...... 3

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY...... 4

2. EXCALIBUR MOON COMPANY OVERVIEW ...... 5

3. CORPORATE DOMICILE – ISLE OF MAN...... 6

4. STRATEGIC PARTNER – MDA SPACE MISSIONS...... 7

5. EXCALIBUR MOON COMPANY VISION ...... 8

6. EXCALIBUR MOON MISSION STATEMENT ...... 8

7. EXCALIBUR MOON’S GOALS & OBJECTIVES...... 8

8. THE EXIT STRATEGY FOR INVESTORS ...... 9

9. EXCALIBUR MOON’S BUSINESS CASE...... 9

10. THE “BLOCKBUSTER” SPACE MARKET ...... 11

11. THE RISK ...... 11

12. EXCALIBUR MOON MISSIONS...... 12 12.1 Mission M-1: Crescent Moon...... 12 12.2 Mission M-2: Odyssey Moon ...... 12 12.3 Mission M-3: Harvest Moon ...... 12

13. M-1: SPACECRAFT & LANDER CONCEPT...... 13

14. M-1: LAUNCH AND MISSION CONCEPT ...... 14 14.1 Alternative Launchers...... 15

15. M-1: CRESCENT MOON – TOP LEVEL PROJECT PLAN ...... 16

16. M-1: CRESCENT MOON – PROJECT WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE AND SCHEDULE ...... 17

17. M-1: CRESCENT MOON PROJECT – FINANCIAL PROJECTIONS (3 YEARS)...... 17 17.1 Projected Budget* (start up plus mission M-1)...... 17 17.2 Sources of income from operations and investment...... 18 17.3 Projected Net Income (Aug 2007 through July 2010)...... 18 17.5 Recommended Management Risk Allocation ...... 20 17.6 Resource Allocation ...... 20

18. DIRECTORS AND ADVISORS ...... 21 18.1 General Counsel ...... 27

APPENDIX A – PROJECT DELIVERABLES SCHEDULE ...... 28

APPENDIX B – GOOGLE LUNAR X PRIZE PRESS RELEASE...... 32

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Introductory Notes and Disclaimer

Excalibur Moon has prepared this document for internal management purposes and to provide potential employees of Excalibur Moon and interested third parties with an introduction to Excalibur Moon and its proposed activities only. Accordingly, this document is not intended to constitute an offer to directly or indirectly acquire securities in Excalibur Moon. The information contained in this document is to be regarded as confidential and any intellectual property subsisting within to be the ownership of Excalibur Moon. This document is copyrighted by Excalibur Moon Limited and should not be copied or shown to any third party without the written consent of Excalibur Moon.

It should be noted that this Business Plan Overview is an introductory document only and does not address the business model, market and risk with the rigor of a full business plan. Details of Excalibur Moon business case and market strategies will be made available under non-disclosure agreement to qualified investors and interested third parties.

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1. Executive Summary

Excalibur Moon Limited will be established as a private company incorporated in the Isle of Man. The company has entered into strategic arrangements with key private and government players in the global space industry to develop turn-key solutions for reliable products and services supporting customized missions to the Moon.

As the world’s first commercial lunar exploration and development enterprise operating on a global scale, Excalibur Moon will develop unique technical and managerial capabilities as a commercial lunar “mission integrator" to deliver unprecedented value to diverse international customers.

The company’s three-year strategic business goals are:

• Become the first private enterprise to reach the surface of the Moon • Be the first to market ongoing lunar mission products and services • Create a growing and profitable commercial space business that delivers substantial returns on investment to the company’s stakeholders over time • Win the $25M Google Lunar X PRIZE purse

Excalibur Moon is a lunar exploration products and services business. Its products will come from a growing inventory of increasingly capable commercial lunar exploration technologies and intellectual property, starting with small robotic landers and rovers and growing to multi-ton class systems with man- rating potential. Its services will be focused on providing turn-key solutions for reliable products and services supporting customized missions to the Moon. In essence, Excalibur Moon is a commercial broker and provider of low cost access to the Moon for private and government clients.

The company’s short-term financial goals are:

• Fund the $100M first pathfinder mission to the Moon by 2010, from cumulative $145M sources of funds available. • Have a positive cash flow of >$60M and plans to undertake further missions beyond 2010 • Begin generating revenues from various sources (see Tiers below) and tap into debt markets as needed to support the Company’s ambitions. • Consider Acquisition targets, Mergers or an IPO following the success of the first “blockbuster” pathfinder mission • Establish a Web 2.0 model valuation that will drive market capitalization beyond $1B in five years

With the world’s attention turning back to the Moon and the increasing confidence accruing to the private space sector as highly credible players enter the new space race, Excalibur Moon is uniquely positioned to take the next bold step beyond the current focus on suborbital and low earth orbit tourism. This unique position is due to the experience and influence of the company’s founders and advisors; strategic partnerships with renowned space technology developers; and exclusive relationships with key Russian facilities capable of adapting proven lunar access technologies to Excalibur Moon’s requirements.

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The announcement of the $30M Google Lunar X PRIZE on September 13th, 2007 marked the beginning of an historic private sector race to the Moon. To win the primary $20M Google Lunar X PRIZE, a team must successfully land a privately funded craft on the lunar surface and survive long enough to complete the mission goals of roaming about the lunar surface for at least 500 meters and sending a defined data package, called a “Mooncast”, back to Earth. Additional bonus money totaling $5M is available, and a second prize of $5M will be awarded to a team who lands but does not complete the prize requirements. Excalibur Moon is at pole position to win this new race to the Moon and to take advantage of the world attention that will be brought to the effort through the global banding and promotional power of Google.

Under exclusive arrangements which Excalibur Moon will negotiate with its initial investors and stakeholders, it is projected that the company will build up a cumulative fund of $145M which will finance its $100M pathfinder “MoonOne” mission to the Moon in 2010 and its goal of winning the Google Lunar X PRIZE purse. The Company expects to have surplus funds available following the first mission to fund further missions or undertake appropriate acquisitions. Thereafter it is anticipated that Excalibur Moon will become increasingly profitable as the international market demand increases for low cost lunar access.

2. Excalibur Moon Company Overview

Building upon the Isle of Man’s position as a supplier of world-class banking and financial services and commitment to commercial space enterprise, Excalibur Moon will operate out of the Isle of Man under an existing Zero Corporate Tax regime while providing international products and services under new business-friendly legislation for extraterrestrial private space activities. Excalibur Moon’s company operations will be international in nature; reflecting the global nature of its expected customer base. The impact of trade and technology barriers such as U.S. ITAR laws will be minimized by operating under U.K. and Canadian trade regimes. Technical involvement in the company from the United States is envisioned to be limited to a commercial payload or NASA “Mission of Opportunity” basis, a mechanism that has allowed the US to provide payloads on several international missions to date, including India’s Chandrayaan-1 Lunar Orbiter.

Excalibur Moon Limited will be an Isle of Man incorporated private limited company with a long term purpose of pursuing commercial lunar business activities and a short term goal of winning the Google Lunar X PRIZE. General details in relation to Excalibur Moon and its share structure are available under non- disclosure agreement to qualified investors and some third parties.

Excalibur Moon represents an innovative partnership of aerospace, banking, property, and international legal interests that have come together to offer unique commercial lunar business services and products for humanity’s permanent return to the Moon.

Excalibur Moon Limited will be headquartered in the Isle of Man and plans to establish subsidiary, affiliated or representative offices in Toronto, Canada; Houston, Texas; Washington, DC and London, UK.

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3. Corporate Domicile – Isle of Man

Excalibur Moon Limited will be incorporated and domiciled on the Isle of Man, one of the world’s foremost international finance centres. The Island is a self- governing British Crown dependency, located in the Irish Sea at the geographical centre of the British Isles. Offshore banking, manufacturing, and tourism form key sectors of its economy. Banking contributes about 45% to the Manx gross national product and the Isle of Man also enjoys free access to European Union markets for its population of approximately 78,000. It is the home of one of the world’s largest banking and financial services industries; the world’s second largest ‘Tier One” shipping register; and is one of the largest Captive Insurance centres.

The Isle of Man is a low tax economy with no capital gains tax, wealth tax, stamp duty, death duty or inheritance tax. Income tax rates are 10% and 18%, while corporation tax is at 0%. Although not part of the European Union (EU), the Island enjoys a special relationship with the EU and this relationship allows the streamlined movement of goods between the Island and the EU. A special clause in the Treaty of Rome recognizes the Island in this regard, namely 'Protocol Three' to the United Kingdom's Treaty of Accession. The Isle of Man enjoys membership of the O.E.C.D. and of the World Trade Organization (W.T.O.) and the International Monetary Fund (I.M.F.). The Island also benefits from its excellent relationship with the US Government with a special agreement in place between the US Treasury and the Manx Government.

In 2007 the Island’s Parliament, the Tynwald, celebrates its 1,028th year of continuous parliamentary government, making it the oldest such continuous body in the world. ‘AAA’ rated by both Standard and Poor’s and by Moody’s, the Island enjoys one of Europe’s strongest economies, with a higher GDP per capita than the United Kingdom.

The Manx Government's policy of offering incentives to high-technology companies and financial institutions to locate on the island has paid off in expanding employment opportunities in high-income industries. In keeping with this business friendly political policy, the Isle of Man has dedicated itself to providing a proactive business environment to enable and to encourage space based business through the provision of tax incentives and a sound regulatory environment, including a specific Zero Rate of Corporate Tax for space related businesses.

As a jurisdiction and an International Finance Centre dedicated to Space, the Island has become home to active subsidiaries of the world’s leading space and satellite communications companies. The Island also aspires to be a catalyst for economic development of humanity beyond Earth orbit. Activities in Outer Space conducted by the Isle of Man are regulated and licensed under the 1986 UK Outer Space Act passed by an Order of Council to the Isle of Man in 1990.

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4. Strategic Partner – MDA Space Missions

Excalibur Moon Limited has entered into a strategic partnership with MDA Space Missions as its prime contractor for the pathfinder Google Lunar X PRIZE “MoonOne” effort and its follow on commercial lunar missions. MDA Space Missions is a subsidiary of MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates Ltd., a provider of essential information solutions, and is headquartered near Toronto, Canada.

MDA has annual revenues in excess of $1billion and employs over 3,000 people serving its worldwide customers base from more than 25 offices in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada. The Company's common shares trade on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol "MDA”.

For more than two decades, human space flight has been supported by advanced robotics developed by the Space Missions unit of MDA. They have combined complex robotics with control software to develop the Space Shuttle's Canadarm and the Mobile Servicing System for the International Space Station. Continuous support, upgrades and improvements ensure these mission-critical systems meet on-orbit requirements. MDA's reputation for innovative solutions has been further enhanced with the development of an extension to the Canadarm for on-orbit inspection of the Shuttle. This new arm is playing a vital role in NASA's Return to Flight and all future shuttle missions.

Most recently, MDA Space Missions was prime contractor to the Canadian Space Agency for the provision of the Canadian Meteorological “MET” Station to NASA’s Phoenix Mars Lander. This atmospheric research system includes a sophisticated lidar instrument built in partnership with Optech Incorporated, complimented by mast mounted pressure and temperature sensors. The Phoenix Mars Lander was successfully launched on August 4th, 2007 and is scheduled to land on Mars on May 25th, 2008.

As the prime contractor for Excalibur Moon Limited, MDA Space Missions will be responsible for design, fabrication and program management throughout all phases of our spacecraft and lunar lander development.

Propulsion and Lander Technology – Lavochkin Association

Lavochkin Association is Russia's only aerospace company which has, for more than 30 years, specialized in developing pilotless space vehicles - space robots, including automatic interplanetary stations, automatically-controlled spacecraft and extraterrestrial observatories. These space robots launched on numerous journeys to the Moon, Venus, Mars, Phobos, Halley comet have brought Russian scientists world fame as trail-blazers in outer space.

Lavochkin was responsible for all of the lunar robotic missions of the Soviet Union in the 60’s and 70’s.

The Lavochkin Association has produced various satellite communication systems and facilities for the remote probing of the Earth. Since the early 1980s the Lavochkin Association has engaged in launching space vehicles of other countries on a commercial basis. It has placed into orbit around the Earth three Indian satellites and the very first satellites produced by Argentina and Mexico. The Association works in close cooperation with many scientific centres and industrial enterprises of Europe, Asia, America and Australia, in particular - with the European Space Agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration of the United States and the National Space Agency of France.

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5. Excalibur Moon Company Vision

“A Commercial Lunar Enterprise.”

Excalibur Moon is believed to be the world’s first commercial lunar enterprise company; in essence a commercial broker of low cost access to the Moon for private and government clients. As a commercial lunar exploration and development company, Excalibur Moon will provide customers with Turn Key solutions for reliable products and services supporting customized missions to the Moon.

6. Excalibur Moon Mission Statement

The mission of Excalibur Moon is to develop unique technical and managerial capabilities as a commercial lunar “mission integrator" to deliver exceptional value to diverse international customers.

7. Excalibur Moon’s Goals & Objectives

The company’s three-year strategic business goals are:

• Become the first private enterprise to reach the surface of the Moon • Be the first to market ongoing lunar mission products and services • Create a growing and profitable commercial space business that delivers substantial returns on investment to the company’s stakeholders over time • Win the $25M Google Lunar X PRIZE purse

Specific objectives to support these goals include within the first year of operation:

• Establish tax efficient Canadian, US and UK subsidiary, affiliated or representative offices • Secure primary customer/investor • Successfully complete preliminary technical design • Secure secondary investors and payload customers

The company’s public/human interest goals are:

• Capture the world's imagination and change the public mindset toward the Moon (like SpaceshipOne changed the public mindset toward personal spaceflight) • Do valuable science and share it with the international community; plant something of enduring value on the Moon – e.g. navigation reflector/beacon • Establish legal and regulatory precedents for commercial activities on the Moon (in doing so expand Earth's economic sphere by activity)

The company’s short-term financial goals are:

• Fund the $100M first pathfinder mission to the Moon by 2010, from cumulative $145M sources of funds available. • Have a positive cash flow of >$60M and plans to undertake further missions beyond 2010 • Begin generating revenues from various sources (see Tiers below) and tap into debt markets as needed to support the Company’s ambitions. • Consider Acquisition targets, Mergers or an IPO following the success of the first “blockbuster” pathfinder mission • Establish a Web 2.0 model valuation that will drive market cap >$1B in five years

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8. The Exit Strategy for Investors

Business value is significantly enhanced after the success of the initial pathfinder mission in 2010. It is expected that revenues from operations will ratchet up after 2010 and provide a successful platform for an exit strategy for those investors who wish to monetize their positions. This could be ideally through an IPO or a possible trade sale.

9. Excalibur Moon’s Business Case

Excalibur Moon Limited has established both short term and long term business strategies that minimize technical and market risk to the extent possible in a highly innovative and challenging breakthrough business model. The business case in the short term is built on a fairly well understood market demand for lunar exploration products and services together with the branding, prestige, and competitive opportunities and rewards available for being first. The business case in the long term is built on the speculation that the world is indeed returning to the Moon in a permanent way and the demand for enabling products and services will rise dramatically over the next decade.

In summary, not unlike the Hudson’s Bay Company, Excalibur Moon begins its life as an exploration company; scouting resources and setting up trade routes in a new frontier, but once established, sells the canoes, wagons, picks and shovels to the explorers, pioneers and settlers who will follow. The Excalibur Moon business case speculates that in the next few years, Earth’s governments, corporations and privateers will awaken to the Moon as an eighth continent, part of a two-world system, and the rise of human imagination and aspiration to explore and exploit it will drive the Earth’s economic sphere outward by an order of magnitude. Fundamental to this will be the legal and regulatory precedents established by the first private lunar missions that, if done right, will enable entrepreneurial and commercial interests to co-exist with public and governmental interests. Excalibur Moon intends to lead by example and leave in its wake the case law necessary for codifying the international legal and regulatory systems governing lunar activity.

Excalibur Moon’s business case is structured on a three-tiered business model:

• Tier-1: Lunar Products and Services • Tier-2: Advertising & Sponsorships • Tier-3: Public Entertainment and Education

Tier-1: Lunar Products and Services

Excalibur Moon will build technical expertise and market credibility by mounting three consecutive commercial robotic missions of increasing complexity to the surface of the Moon.

• M-1: Crescent Moon - the historic pathfinder mission to establish credibility • M-2: Odyssey Moon - the prospector mission to locate resources • M-3: Harvest Moon - the sample return mission to bring proof back to Earth

Each mission is staged to incorporate incremental technical, scientific and policy challenges that build a global brand, enhance stakeholder value, improve customer confidence and improve on technical capabilities and know-how that provide an enduring infrastructure toward permanent & profitable economic activities on the Moon.

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Tier-2: Advertising & Sponsorships

Excalibur Moon will attract Brand/Event Sponsors with category exclusive strategic partnerships/sponsorships through:

• Title & Category Sponsors • National Sponsors: flags & payloads • Advertising: website monetization, transmission logo branding, commercials during “mooncasts” • Licensing/Merchandise Sales: toys, games, apparel, etc. through EM websites and established online “e-tailers”.

Tier-3: Public Entertainment and Education

Excalibur Moon will use the Hollywood “Blockbuster Event” model to capitalize on mass market appeal and attract short term public revenues. Blockbuster Events are those which deliver an enormous amount of revenue in a short period of time by combining a major motion picture release with cross marketing and merchandising which capitalize on the event over time.

Successful feature films with aggressive cross marketing and merchandising campaigns have become some of Hollywood’s top moneymakers. A single feature film costing around $100M has the ability to generate a billion dollars or more of retail revenues derived from the theatrical release of the film as well as from the sales of toys, soundtracks, CD-ROM Titles and other film-related merchandise. Similar to Hollywood Blockbusters, Excalibur Moon’s space blockbusters will cost on the order of $100M to $150M and return revenues ranging from $100M to $500M and more.

What we give away: • doing a good thing for humanity • valuable science • education • sense of adventure & positive future for mankind • basic open participation in missions by all

What we charge for: • premium participation fees • subscriber & event participation buys

Web Presence:

Excalibur Moon will monetize web based entertainment, advertising and merchandising revenues through branded web portals, including: • www.excaliburmoon.com - main corporate site • crescentmoon.com – M-1 site* • odysseymoon.com – M-2 site • harvestmoon.com – M-3 site* • moonchannel.tv - webcast site • mymoon.tv - youth webcast site • themoonstore.com - retail site

*to be purchased

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Keeping Their Attention:

Excalibur Moon will create a participatory experience to build and maintain audience interest: • adventure & mission oriented stories • youth customer acquisition strategies • "open source" mission simulations in online virtual reality domains such as “Second Life” • pod casts, blogs and on-line games • interactive web-driven mission events • deliver the "overview effect" through virtual reality connections to immersive consoles and systems • artificial intelligence (AI) presence to spark public interest & emotional connection

10. The “Blockbuster” Space Market

In 2004 the Ansari X PRIZE captured the world’s attention and generated the most media and public attention to a space event since the Apollo Moon landings. The flight of SpaceShipOne was the biggest news story of 2004 next to the capture of Saddam Hussein. Continuing public attention and involvement through the annual X PRIZE Cup in New Mexico and the tremendous response to the Virgin Galactic personal spaceflight offerings continue to underscore the public appetite for visionary projects and heroes.

Joyce Julius and Associates, the renowned sports and entertainment corporate sponsorship evaluator, was recently engaged to conduct an independent evaluation of corporate sponsorship and advertising values presented by a space blockbuster event such Excalibur Moon missions. Their research included known results from previous blockbuster space events such as the X PRIZE flights of SpaceShipOne in 2004.

They concluded that the comparable value of the media impressions of a blockbuster space event can exceed $36M. It is this well documented value that will leverage Excalibur Moon’s sponsorship revenues.

11. The Risk

The full risk assessment and mitigation strategy is not presented in this overview, however in summary, beyond the financial risk allocation presented in section 17.5, the risk over time migrates from primarily technical risk in the near term to market risk in the long term. The short term mitigation strategy for the highest technical risk areas is to use proven off the shelf propulsion technologies and robust engineering from Russia together with proven program management, advanced robotics and systems integration ingenuity from Canada. Longer term market risk is mitigated by delivering high short term value to investors, offering a range of exit ramps and strategies for short and medium term investment goals, and designing an agile corporate structure backed by patient capital to address long term market uncertainties.

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12. Excalibur Moon Missions

Excalibur Moon will build technical expertise and market credibility by mounting three consecutive commercial missions of increasing complexity to the surface of the Moon.

Each mission will be staged with incremental technical and policy challenges that build a global brand, stakeholder value, customer confidence, technical capabilities, and enduring know-how and infrastructure toward permanent and profitable economic activities on the Moon.

12.1 Mission M-1: Crescent Moon

Excalibur Moon is planned to be the first privately sponsored mission to safely reach the surface of the Moon with a small robotic lander carrying scientific and exploration payloads. This mission is called “Crescent Moon”, and is designated M-1.

The challenge set out by the M-1 requirements is to determine the simplest strategy and lowest cost mission (i.e. launch, translunar and lander system) to deliver a total payload of between 20 and 100 kg to the surface of the Moon within a 34 month project schedule and survive at least one lunar day.

A key objective of M-1 is to win the Google Lunar X PRIZE and minimize the mission scope in doing so. However the M-1 mission is not just about winning the GLXP; M-1 has been under development for some time, and has been adapted within the context of the Excalibur Moon business plan to match the GLXP challenge and conditions. As the first in a serious of incremental missions, M-1 will be a pathfinder mission with good science and exploration goals that support and enable the company’s successor missions. Good science is essential to M-1 and will ultimately be the differentiator between a stunt and a mission.

12.2 Mission M-2: Odyssey Moon

Excalibur Moon will continue its first to market strategy with a second mission to robotically locate and map lunar resources. This mission is called “Odyssey Moon”, and is designated M-2.

The goal of M-2: Odyssey Moon is to verify and investigate lunar geomagnetic anomalies to create and characterize a resource exploration map of the lunar surface.

12.3 Mission M-3: Harvest Moon

Excalibur Moon will solidify its strategic and technical position with a third robotic mission to collect and return lunar samples to Earth. This mission is called “Harvest Moon”, and is designated M-3.

The goal of M-3: Harvest Moon is to provide solid undeniable proof of valuable lunar resources required for science and exploration missions to the Moon.

Together with other international missions of exploration, science and commerce, Harvest Moon will lay the groundwork for the integration of the Moon into Earth’s social and economic sphere.

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13. M-1: Spacecraft & Lander Concept

The “MoonOne” spacecraft and lander system is based on proven core spaceflight systems developed in Russia, enhanced by innovative design and mission parameters introduced by Excalibur Moon. The spacecraft composition has two main modules: the Insertion-Propulsion Module and the Orbital-Landing module, together capable of delivering the unique MoonOne Lunar Lander to the surface of the Moon carrying a 60kg payload.

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14. M-1: Launch and Mission Concept

The baseline launcher for the “MoonOne” spacecraft and lunar lander system is a Russian Soyuz-2 rocket, a proven launch vehicle within the Soyuz family used to send supply spacecraft to the International Space Station and for commercial launches. The Soyuz has become the world's most reliable space launcher, flying over 1800 times since 1963 with a ~97% success rate, far more than any other rocket. It is a very old basic design, but is notable for low cost and very high reliability.

The upgraded Soyuz-2 launch vehicles have become the basic workhorses within the Russian system of launch vehicles, including new digital telemetry systems for launch vehicle monitoring. The rockets account for most of the spacecraft launches within the framework of the Russian space program and its international partners.

The introduction of a Fregat upper stage to the Soyuz produces a rocket capable of launching up to 2,350 kg toward the Moon. This robust and reliable launcher combination will accommodate the MoonOne launch mass of approximately 1,600 kg, with additional launch mass available for potential piggy back payloads.

The Fregat upper stage has a flight-proven propulsion subsystem that is based on a single-chamber Lavochkin engine. Four clusters of three 50-N hydrazine thrusters provide attitude control. The Fregat propulsion system powered the 1988 Phobos probe to Mars, and the main engine has been fitted on nearly 30 interplanetary spacecraft. During its numerous missions, the engine demonstrated the highest reliability under extreme conditions, exceeding technical specifications. This application of proven, in-production hardware ensures high reliability and lower cost for the Fregat upper stage. The engine can be restarted as many as 20 times, making it an ideal trans-lunar stage.

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14.1 Alternative Launchers

Alternative launchers for the “MoonOne” spacecraft and lunar lander system include the Falcon 9 rocket by Space Exploration Technologies (SpaceX) or a piggy-back payload arrangement on a European or other large launcher with excess capacity.

The SpaceX Falcon 9

Space Exploration Technologies (SpaceX), run by entrepreneur and X PRIZE Foundation Trustee Elon Musk, is the first preferred launch provider for the Google Lunar X PRIZE competition. SpaceX is offering competing teams an in-kind contribution, lowering the cost of its Falcon Launch Vehicle.

The 1,600 kg “MoonOne” spacecraft and lunar lander system would require the SpaceX Falcon 9 launch vehicle, which is currently under development. The Falcon 9 has many customers on its launch manifest with a demonstration launch debut scheduled for late 2008. The Falcon 9 is a two stage, liquid oxygen and rocket grade kerosene (RP-1) powered launch vehicle, and uses the same engines, structural architecture (with a wider diameter), avionics and launch system as the company’s current Falcon 1 rocket.

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15. M-1: Crescent Moon – Top Level Project Plan

The following is the top level project plan for Excalibur Moon’s historic mission, M-1: Crescent Moon:

Crescent Moon Major Program Milestones Month Visioneering & Strategic Outline 0 Hi Level Project Plan 1 Preliminary Business Plan* 1 Project Seed Financing 1 Technical Feasibility Study* 2 Final Business Plan 3 Marketing Plan 3 Strategic Partnership Agreements 4 Mission Design Study* 5 Requirements - Avionics 7 Requirements - Comm 7 Requirements - EDL 7 Requirements - Lander 7 Requirements - Micro-Rover 7 System Requirements Review* 8 ILC Establishment 8 Launch Vehicle Deposit 12 Lunar Transfer Vehicle Deposit 12 PDR - Avionics 14 PDR - Comm 14 PDR - EDL 14 PDR - Ground Segment 14 PDR - Lander* 14 CDR - Avionics 21 CDR - Comm 21 CDR - EDL 21 CDR - Ground Segment 21 CDR - Lander* 21 EM System Integration & Test* 21 Launch Vehicle/Services Balance 28 Lunar Transfer Vehicle Balance 28 Flight System Integration & Test* 29 Insurance & Liability Indemnification 32 Launch & Tracking/control* 34 Descent & landing phase 34 Surface operations phase 34

* Critical Path Milestones

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16. M-1: Crescent Moon – Project Work Breakdown Structure and Schedule

M-1 Crescent MoonExcalibur Date: 22-Sep-07 08/01/07 07/31/10 WP Description LEAD Total Hrs FTE Duration Start End 100 Project Management PD 46,260.0 11.4 32 08/01/07 04/12/10 105 Meals & Entertainment PD - 32 08/01/07 04/12/10 110 Travel & Living PD - 32 08/01/07 04/12/10 200 Business & Project Planning RR 599.0 1.0 5 08/01/07 12/31/07 300 Legal, Admin & Corporate Structure RR 792.0 0.2 36 08/01/07 07/31/10 400 Marketing & Business Operations RR 4,576.0 1.1 34 10/01/07 07/31/10 500 Strategic Planning & Teaming RR 210.0 0.0 36 08/01/07 07/31/10 600 Mission Design Study RR 224.0 0.4 4 10/01/07 01/31/08 700 System Requirements Definition RR 184.0 0.6 2 02/01/08 04/12/08 800 Technical Design - Lander & Micro-Rover CE - 15 04/01/08 07/13/09 900 Technical Design - Avionics & EDL CE - 15 04/01/08 07/13/09 1000 Technical Design - Communications CE - 15 04/01/08 07/13/09 1100 Technical Design - Ground Segment PM - 15 04/01/08 07/13/09 1200 System Fabrication, Integration & Test CE - 16 11/01/08 03/03/10 1300 Launch & Translunar Transportation PM - 24 08/01/08 07/17/10 1400 Mission Operations PM - 1 07/01/10 07/30/10 1500 Science, Education & Public Outreach RR - 35 09/01/07 07/30/10 Total 52,845.0 11.7 36.0 Hours

17. M-1: Crescent Moon Project – Financial Projections (3 years)

17.1 Projected Budget* (start up plus mission M-1)

Excalibur FY 2008 23-Sep-07 Crescent Moon Project #M-1 Rev. 4 Project Budget (Direct) Work Package Lab (hrs) Lab ($) nonLab ($) Total

100 - Project Management 46,260 $ 3,277,110 $ 10,000 $ 3,287,110 4% 105 - Meals & Entertainment - $ - $ 113,050 $ 113,050 0% 110 - Travel & Living - $ - $ 1,717,500 $ 1,717,500 2% 200 - Business & Project Planning 599 $ 81,709 $ 46,000 $ 127,709 0% 300 - Legal, Admin & Corporate Structure 792 $ 108,037 $ 110,000 $ 218,037 0% 400 - Marketing & Business Operations 4,576 $ 624,211 $ 226,000 $ 850,211 1% 500 - Strategic Planning & Teaming 210 $ 28,646 $ 150,000 $ 178,646 0% 600 - Mission Design Study 224 $ 30,556 $ 346,250 $ 376,806 0% 700 - System Requirements Definition 184 $ 25,099 $ 264,000 $ 289,099 0% 800 - Technical Design - Lander & Micro-Rover - $ - $ 801,000 $ 801,000 1% 900 - Technical Design - Avionics & EDL - $ - $ 497,000 $ 497,000 1% 1000 - Technical Design - Communications - $ - $ 273,500 $ 273,500 0% 1100 - Technical Design - Ground Segment - $ - $ 268,500 $ 268,500 0% 1200 - System Fabrication, Integration & Test - $ - $ 29,806,000 $ 29,806,000 36% 1300 - Launch & Translunar Transportation - $ - $ 42,000,000 $ 42,000,000 51% 1400 - Mission Operations - $ - $ 1,050,000 $ 1,050,000 1% 1500 - Science, Education & Public Outreach - $ - $ 110,000 $ 110,000 0%

Version 20 - 070628 9/23/07 10:54 Totals 52,845 $ 4,175,369 $ 77,788,800 $ 81,964,169 5% 95%

*Note: Budget does not include recommended management risk allocation of $16.4M. See 16.5.

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17.2 Sources of income from operations and investment

FUNDING SOURCES % Dist Income

1: Seed Funding 0.7%$ 1,000,000 2: Venture Fund 1%$ 1,000,000 3: Industrial Partner 1%$ 2,000,000 4: Project Patron 34%$ 50,000,000 5: Mission of Opportunity Services 21%$ 30,000,000 6: Sponsorships 14%$ 21,000,000 7: Licensing & Merchandising 3%$ 5,000,000 8: Advertising & Entertainment 3%$ 5,000,000 9: Public Participation Fees 3%$ 5,000,000 10: Lunar X PRIZE Proceeds 17%$ 25,000,000 FY 2008 Income 18%$ 26,500,000 FY 2009 Income 34%$ 49,500,000 FY 2010 Income 48%$ 69,000,000 TOTAL INCOME 100% $ 145,000,000

SUMMARY OF FUNDING:

Equity Investors: $ 4M Project Patron: $50M Other sources: $66M Google X PRIZE: $25M

17.3 Projected Net Income (Aug 2007 through July 2010)

FY 2008 Income 18%$ 26,500,000 FY 2009 Income 34%$ 49,500,000 FY 2010 Income 48%$ 69,000,000 TOTAL INCOME 100% $ 145,000,000 EXPENSES

Direct Labour 5%$ 4,175,369 non Labour 93%$ 75,958,250 Travel & Living 2%$ 1,717,500 Meals & Ent 0%$ 113,050 Total Expenses 100% $ 81,964,169

Net Income 43% $ 63,035,830

Note: Net Income does not reflect potential management risk spending of $16.4M. See 16.5.

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17.4 Projected Cash Flow (Aug 2007 through July 2010)

Crescent Moon 2007 2008 2009 2010 TOTAL Funding Sources Inflow Inflow Inflow Inflow INFLOW 1: Seed Funding$ 1,000,000 $ - $ - $ - $ 1,000,000 2: Venture Fund$ 1,000,000 $ - $ - $ - $ 1,000,000 3: Industrial Partner$ - $ 2,000,000 $ - $ - $ 2,000,000 4: Project Patron$ - $ 40,000,000 $ 10,000,000 $ - $ 50,000,000 5: Mission of Opportunity Services$ - $ 6,000,000 $ 15,428,571 $ 8,571,429 $ 30,000,000 6: Sponsorships$ - $ 1,000,000 $ 8,571,429 $ 11,428,571 $ 21,000,000 7: Licensing & Merchandising$ - $ 500,000 $ 857,143 $ 3,642,857 $ 5,000,000 8: Advertising & Entertainment$ - $ - $ - $ 5,000,000 $ 5,000,000 9: Public Participation Fees$ - $ - $ - $ 5,000,000 $ 5,000,000 10: Lunar X PRIZE Proceeds$ - $ - $ - $ 25,000,000 $ 25,000,000 TOTAL INFLOW$ 2,000,000 $ 49,500,000 $ 34,857,143 $ 58,642,857 $ 145,000,000

Crescent Moon 2007 2008 2009 2010 TOTAL Non Labour Calendar Year Costs Outflow Outflow Outflow Outflow OUTFLOW 100 - Project Management$ 618 $ 3,708 $ 3,708 $ 1,967 $ 10,000 105 - Meals & Entertainment$ 6,986 $ 41,913 $ 41,913 $ 22,237 $ 113,050 110 - Travel & Living$ 26,532 $ 583,702 $ 636,766 $ 470,499 $ 1,717,500 200 - Business & Project Planning$ 46,000 $ - $ - $ - $ 46,000 300 - Legal, Admin & Corporate Structure$ 12,222 $ 36,667 $ 36,667 $ 24,444 $ 110,000 400 - Marketing & Business Operations$ 55,176 $ 62,118 $ 62,118 $ 46,588 $ 226,000 500 - Strategic Planning & Teaming$ 16,667 $ 50,000 $ 50,000 $ 33,333 $ 150,000 600 - Mission Design Study$ 259,688 $ 86,563 $ - $ - $ 346,250 700 - System Requirements Definition$ - $ 264,000 $ - $ - $ 264,000 800 - Technical Design - Lander & Micro-Rover$ - $ 468,117 $ 332,883 $ - $ 801,000 900 - Technical Design - Avionics & EDL$ - $ 290,455 $ 206,545 $ - $ 497,000 1000 - Technical Design - Communications$ - $ 159,838 $ 113,662 $ - $ 273,500 1100 - Technical Design - Ground Segment$ - $ 156,916 $ 111,584 $ - $ 268,500 1200 - System Fabrication, Integration & Test$ - $ 3,710,290 $ 22,261,743 $ 3,833,967 $ 29,806,000 1300 - Launch & Translunar Transportation$ - $ 23,000,000 $ 1,714,286 $ 17,285,714 $ 42,000,000 1400 - Mission Operations$ - $ - $ - $ 1,050,000 $ 1,050,000 1500 - Science, Education & Public Outreach$ 12,583 $ 37,750 $ 37,750 $ 21,916 $ 110,000 Non Labour$ 436,472 $ 28,952,036 $ 25,609,626 $ 22,790,667 $ 77,788,800 Labour $ 216,963 $ 1,376,888 $ 1,606,488 $ 975,029 $ 4,175,369 TOTAL OUTFLOW$ 653,435 $ 30,328,924 $ 27,216,114 $ 23,765,697 $ 81,964,169

NET CASH FLOW$ 1,346,565 $ 19,171,076 $ 7,641,029 $ 34,877,161 $ 63,035,830

CUMULATIVE CASH FLOW$ 1,346,565 $ 20,517,641 $ 28,158,670 $ 63,035,830

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17.5 Recommended Management Risk Allocation

Excalibur RISK ALLOCATION 9/22/07 Revision: 4 M-1 Crescent Moon WP Description Labour Cost Labour Risk nonLab Cost nonLab Risk Total Risk 100 Project Management$ 3,277,110 20%$ 10,000 20%$ 657,422 105 Meals & Entertainment$ - 20%$ 113,050 20%$ 22,610 110 Travel & Living$ - 20%$ 1,717,500 20%$ 343,500 200 Business & Project Planning$ 81,709 20%$ 46,000 20%$ 25,542 300 Legal, Admin & Corporate Structure$ 108,037 20%$ 110,000 20%$ 43,607 400 Marketing & Business Operations$ 624,211 20%$ 226,000 20%$ 170,042 500 Strategic Planning & Teaming$ 28,646 20%$ 150,000 20%$ 35,729 600 Mission Design Study$ 30,556 20%$ 346,250 20%$ 75,361 700 System Requirements Definition$ 25,099 20%$ 264,000 20%$ 57,820 800 Technical Design - Lander & Micro-Rover$ - 20%$ 801,000 20%$ 160,200 900 Technical Design - Avionics & EDL$ - 20%$ 497,000 20%$ 99,400 1000 Technical Design - Communications$ - 20%$ 273,500 20%$ 54,700 1100 Technical Design - Ground Segment$ - 20%$ 268,500 20%$ 53,700 1200 System Fabrication, Integration & Test$ - 20%$ 29,806,000 20%$ 5,961,200 1300 Launch & Translunar Transportation$ - 20%$ 42,000,000 20%$ 8,400,000 1400 Mission Operations$ - 20%$ 1,050,000 20%$ 210,000 1500 Science, Education & Public Outreach$ - 20%$ 110,000 20%$ 22,000

Subtotals$ 4,175,369 $ 835,074 $ 77,788,800 $ 15,557,760 $ 16,392,834 $ 898,259 $ 179,652 $ 75,948,250 $ 15,189,650 Mgmt Risk: 20.0%

G&A Allowance $ -

Total Risk:$ 16,392,834

17.6 Resource Allocation

PROJECT: Crescent Moon Rev. 4 TOTAL PROJECT #M-1 DIRECT BILLABLE BILLABLE DIRECT TOTAL RESOURCE ALLOCATION RATE RATE LABOUR* LABOUR HOURS Board $ 136.41 $ 136.41 $ 2,318,695 $ 1,932,246 14,165 Mgr 4 $ 85.26 $ 85.26 $ 1,465,042 $ 1,220,868 14,320 Mgr 3 $ 68.20 $ 68.20 $ - $ - - Mgr 2 $ 54.56 $ 54.56 $ - $ - - Mgr 1 $ 40.92 $ 40.92 $ - $ - - E/S 3 $ 85.26 $ 85.26 $ 515,629 $ 429,691 5,040 E/S 2 $ 54.56 $ 54.56 $ - $ - - E/S 1 $ 40.92 $ 40.92 $ - $ - - Admin 3 $ 54.56 $ 54.56 $ - $ - - Admin 2 $ 40.92 $ 40.92 $ 235,716 $ 196,430 4,800 Admin 1 $ 27.28 $ 27.28 $ 475,361 $ 396,134 14,520 Budgetary Totals$ 79.01 $ 94.81 $ 5,010,443 $ 4,175,369 52,845

* Includes Risk, Fee & G&A

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18. Directors and Advisors

The directors, advisors and executive team of the company are made up of seasoned and experienced professionals from the financial, commercial and space sectors with distinguished careers and established track records. The viability of Excalibur Moon also rests on its unique business plan supported by strategic relationships with well established and highly credible commercial and government players in the international space industry.

Board of Directors:

Dr. Robert (Bob) Richards – Founder, International Space University; Director, Optech Space Division Dr. Ramin Khadem – former Inmarsat Chief Financial Officer; Chairman, ISU Board of Trustees Mr. Arthur M. ("Art") Dula – space lawyer; patent attorney; founding director of Excalibur Almaz Limited Mr. Christopher Stott – CEO, ManSat Limited; founding director, Excalibur Almaz Limited Mr. Michael Potter – Director, Paradigm Ventures Dr. Christian Sallaberger – Vice President, MDA (invited)

Board of Advisors*:

Dr. James D. Burke (JPL retired), NASA Lunar Ranger Project Manager Dr. Wendell W. Mendell, Planetary Scientist (invited) Dr. Louis Friedman, Founder and Executive Director, The Planetary Society (invited) Dr. J. Buckner Hightower, founding director, Excalibur Almaz Limited; Trustee, Heinlein Prize Trust Dr. Bob McDonald – Science Journalist and Author; Host of CBC's “Quirks & Quarks” Radio Show

*The Board of Advisors continues to be built with prominent individuals commanding a substantial depth of experience in space missions, business, science and finance. Its ultimate constitution will reflect the international nature of the Excalibur Moon enterprise including representatives of key stakeholders.

Director Biographies

Dr. Robert (Bob) Richards (Founder and CEO), is the Director of the Space Division at Optech Incorporated, a world leading developer of advanced laser radar (lidar) systems for space exploration, observation and operations. In this role he presided over the successful development of the first commercial lidar scanner flown in space, as well as the historic meteorological lidar flown to Mars on the 2007 NASA Phoenix Mars Lander.

Bob studied aerospace and industrial engineering at Ryerson University; physics and astronomy at the University of Toronto; and space science at Cornell University where he became special assistant to Carl Sagan. In 1987 Bob founded the International Space University (ISU) with Peter Diamandis and Todd Hawley, where he served as the university's first Associate Administrator for Strategic Planning and chaired the board's administrative and strategic planning committees during ISU's first phase of development. Today Bob continues to serve on the Board of Advisors of ISU; now a well established global institution operating out of its Central Campus in Strasbourg, France, with thousands of graduates worldwide. Prior to ISU he co- founded the Space Generation Foundation with Diamandis and Hawley, whose youth outreach programs today include Yuri's Night and the Space Generation Congress, with UN Observer Status and space policy activities through its sister organization, the Space Generation Advisory Council. Bob first joined forces with Diamandis and Hawley in the creation of Students for the Exploration and Development of Space (SEDS), which continues today as the largest student run space organization in the world.

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Bob is a strong advocate of the NewSpace movement and has been a catalyst for a number of astropreneurial ventures throughout his career. He serves on the boards of numerous international space organizations and in 2005 was elected Vice President of the International Lunar Exploration Working Group (ILEWG) and a Member of the International Institute of Space Law of the International Astronautical Federation. He is the recipient of four international space awards: the K.E. Tsiolkovski Medal (Russia, 1995), the Space Frontier “Vision to Reality” Award (USA , 1994), the Arthur C. Clarke Commendation (Sri Lanka, 1990) and Aviation & Space Technology Laurel (USA, 1988). He is a contributing author of "Blueprint for Space", published by the Smithsonian Institution (1992), and "Return to the Moon", published by Apogee Books (2005).

In 2005 Bob received a Doctorate of Space Achievement (honoris causa) from the International Space University for “distinguished accomplishments in support of humanity’s exploration and use of space.”

Dr. Ramin Khadem (Chairman of the Board), former Inmarsat Chief Financial Officer and executive Board member, is Senior Adviser to the Chairman and CEO of Inmarsat Plc. Inmarsat is a world-leading provider of mobile satellite communications, delivering a broad base of high bandwidth solutions and content to both the mobile and fixed markets of maritime, aeronautical and multinational enterprises.

His other activities include chairmanship of the Board of Trustees of the International Space University in Strasbourg, France and serving as consultant and non-executive member of the board of a number of other enterprises. He serves on the Advisory Board of Near Earth LLC, an investment bank specializing in the satellite, media and telecom sector. He is a member of the Board of Mansat Ltd, based in the Isle of Man, which serves the needs of the international space industry. He is an independent director of SOHO China based in Beijing and chairman of its Audit and Remuneration Committees. He is also Visiting Professor at the Tsinghua University in Beijing where he teaches Business Valuation as part of the Tsinghua-MIT Sloan MBA program.

He was the Canadian representative amongst an international group that originally founded Inmarsat and successfully launched its business, including taking an active role in the procurement of satellites, launch vehicles and ground facilities and handling risk mitigation and management. Later as Chief Financial Officer of Inmarsat, he was part of the team that negotiated with shareholders and governments the transformation of Inmarsat from an international organization to a public company, and subsequently was involved in its sale to private equity firms Apax Partners and Permira.

He obtained his Bachelors of Science in Electrical Engineering from the University of Illinois and subsequently obtained his Masters and PhD degrees in Economics from McGill University in Canada. He also received specialized training at Carnegie-Mellon University, in Econometric Analyses of the Financial and Monetary System at MIT and the Executive Management Forum at Harvard Business School.

He has held also a variety of senior positions in the telecommunications sector in Canada, including at Bell Canada Enterprises and at Teleglobe in Montreal.

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Mr. Arthur M. ("Art") Dula is a space lawyer, a patent attorney, the literary executor for a major science fiction author, and the chairman of the private spaceflight company, Excalibur Almaz Limited.

Art Dula's law practice focuses on aerospace and intellectual property law, technology licensing, business start-up and development, patents, contracts, corporations, securities, copyrights and trademarks. His clients include U.S. and Russian aerospace firms. He is admitted to practice before the U.S. Supreme Court, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, and Texas State and Federal Courts. He is also a registered broker with US State Department, Bureau of Political-Military Affairs, Office of Defense Trade Controls.

Since 1980, Art Dula has co-founded several aerospace companies. Eagle Aerospace provided engineering expertise for NASA and U.S. aerospace companies. Space Services, Inc., secured the first US regulatory approval of a private space launch. In 1982, it launched the first private U.S. space vehicle, the Conestoga, from Matagorda Island, Texas. Spacehab, Inc., builds payload bay Spacehab modules for the U.S. space shuttle. Space Commerce Corporation was the first U.S.-Russian aerospace joint venture. It sold a Soviet Proton rocket launch to Hughes Aerospace in 1987, and marketed remote sensing radar images. Tethers Unlimited, Inc., won seven patents on space tether systems, and secured over $2 million in research contracts. Starcraft Boosters, Inc. has contracts with US Air Force and NASA for the StarBooster ™ launching system. Excalibur Almaz, Ltd., owns several Almaz Space System space capsules and space stations, and intends to begin launching its spacecraft in 2008.

Art Dula is literary executor for the major science fiction writer, Robert A. Heinlein. He also serves as Trustee of the Robert A. and Virginia Heinlein Prize Trust. In 2006, the Trust awarded the first Heinlein Prize, in the amount of $500,000, to Peter Diamandis, for outstanding personal initiative and significant progress in commercial space activities.

He has taught space law for the University of Houston, and was a Visiting Distinguished Professor of Law, University of Akron. He consulted NASA on the space shuttle payload contract, and served as legal advisor to the U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment. He has been awarded the Space Pioneer Award from the National Space Society, and the Gagarin Medal from the Russian Federation of Cosmonautics. Art Dula was born, February 6, 1947, in Arlington, Virginia. He received a bachelors degree in chemistry and mathematics, from Eastern New Mexico University, in 1970, and his Juris Doctor, in civil law, from Tulane University, in 1975. He is married to Tamea A. Dula. They live in Houston, Texas. They have two sons, who are presently attending college.

Mr. Christopher Stott is the Isle of Man Government's Honorary Representative to the Space Community and an international space businessman, President and CEO of ManSat, and Executive Vice President of Excalibur Almaz. In 1998, Mr. Stott left his position as Director of Lockheed Martin Space Operations' International Commercialization and Sales, to found ManSat Ltd., which manages geosynchronous orbital filings for the Isle of Man Government, and of which Mr. Stott is President and CEO. Before this, he worked in International Business Development for Boeing's Delta Launch Vehicle program. He serves on the Board of Trustees of the International Space University, and co-chairs its School of Business and Management. He is an Adjunct Professor of Space Law at the University of Houston - Clear Lake; a visiting lecturer at the Bates School of Law, University of Houston; and a lecturer in Space Law for the International Space School Foundation of Houston. Mr. Stott is also a published Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society and an invited member of the International Institute of Space Law. He co-authored Europe's first work on space privatization and commercialization, and was one of the founders of the British

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Space Education Council. Mr. Stott holds a Masters in Space Studies from the International Space University. He earned a B.A. in American Studies from the University of Kent, Canterbury, concurrently receiving a Diploma from the University of California, San Diego, where he studied International Relations at the University and Marine Policy at Scripps. He is a Vice President of the Manna Energy Foundation.

Mr. Michael Potter serves as Director of Paradigm Ventures, an international venture capital firm focused on high technology ventures. Prior to Paradigm Ventures, Potter was Vice Chairman, founder and President of Esprit Telecom plc., a pan-European competitive telecommunications services provider. During his 8 years at Esprit, he grew the company to 1,000 employees in over 9 European countries and a market capitalization of a billion US dollars. He was formerly an international telecommunications analyst at the Center for Strategic & International Studies (CSIS) in Washington, D.C. Potter was also Vice Chairman of the founding Board of the European Competitive Telecommunications Association (ECTA). He is a director Global Connect. His articles on high technology business and policy have been widely published.

Michael received his MS degree from the London School of Economics and his BA from California State University at Sacramento, and a certificate in Space Studies from the International Space University.

Dr. Christian Sallaberger (invited) is Vice President of MDA and is responsible for Business Development and Advanced Systems. MDA is Canada’s largest space company, and is also the world leader in Space Robotics, having designed and built the main robotic systems for the Space Shuttle and the International Space Station. Dr. Sallaberger previously held the position of Director of Space Exploration at MDA and was responsible for deep space missions such as those to the Moon and Mars.

Prior to joining MDA in 2000, he worked for the Canadian Space Agency where he held a variety of positions including Manager of Strategic Development and Manager of Space Exploration. He has also worked for the European Space Agency in the Netherlands, where he did engineering systems design and economic analysis for future European lunar missions, and for IBM in Canada. He has numerous technical and programmatic publications and a patent. He is a co-author of two Space reference texts (Keys to Space, and Human Spaceflight Analysis and Design).

Dr. Sallaberger obtained degrees from the University of Waterloo in Canada, the University of California at Berkeley, and received his doctorate from the University of Toronto in Aerospace Science and Engineering. He was appointed a lifetime member of the International Academy of Astronautics in 2000.

He is also a graduate of the first class of the International Space University, held at MIT in 1988, and currently is vice-chairman of the ISU Board of Trustees. He is an appointed member of the faculty, and has lectured at the graduate level in Space Business and Management and Space Engineering for many years.

For several years he represented the Government of Canada on the International Mars Exploration Working Group (IMEWG), and was a member of the Japan-Canada Space Panel. He is currently the chairman of the Space Exploration Committee of the International Astronautical Federation.

Dr. Sallaberger sits on the boards of several corporations, speaks a number of languages, and is an appointed member of the Graduate Faculty at Cleveland State University. He is also currently a member of advisory boards to the University of Toronto Institute for Aerospace Studies and to the York University Engineering program.

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Advisor Biographies

Dr. James D. Burke (JPL retired), is an alumnus of the California Institute of Technology, graduating with a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering in 1945, a master's degree in aeronautical engineering in 1949, and a professional degree in aeronautical engineering in 1949. After serving as a naval aviator, he joined the Caltech Jet Propulsion Laboratory in 1949. JPL was then doing research and development work for the U.S. Army, and Burke participated in several rocket and guided-missile projects. With the formation of NASA in 1958, Burke began his continuing involvement in the exploration of the Moon. He was the first project manager of Ranger, the first American effort to place operating instruments on the Moon. In later years he was active in many other programs at JPL until his retirement in 2001. Meanwhile, on successive leaves from JPL, he became a faculty member of the International Space University, leading lunar and planetary design projects at the university's summer sessions each year beginning in 1989.

James D. Burke retired from JPL after working there from 1949 to 2001. In retirement he is a faculty member of the International Space University, a Fellow of the British Interplanetary Society, a member of the Space Studies Institute at Princeton and a member of The Planetary Society, where he is technical editor of The Planetary Report. Burke's main professional interest is in the exploration and settlement of the Moon.

Dr. Wendell W. Mendell, (invited), is Chief of the Office for Lunar & Planetary Exploration at the NASA Johnson Space Centre. His research focus is remote sensing of planetary surfaces, particularly specializing in thermal emission radiometry and spectroscopy of the Moon. Since 1982, he has done planning and advocacy of human exploration of the solar system, especially with regard to the establishment of a permanent human base on Moon. His interests lay as much with policy issues as with technical issues. He is most well known as the editor of the volume, Lunar Bases and Space Activities of the 21st Century; and he received the 1988 Space Pioneer Award for Science and Engineering from the National Space Society for this work.

Dr. Mendell has a B.S. in physics from the California Institute of Technology; a M.S. in physics from the University of California, Los Angeles; and a M.S. in Space Science and a Ph.D. in Space Physics and Astronomy from Rice University. Currently, Dr. Mendell splits his time between communicating the principles of the human exploration of the solar system to both lay and technical audiences and working on lunar research. He is a member of the College of Teachers of the International Space University (ISU). At ISU, he has led Design Projects for an International Lunar Base (1988), International Mars Mission (1991), International Lunar Farside Observatory and Science Station (1993), Vision 20/20 [a sampling of the future as seen by young space professionals] (1995), and Space Tourism: From Dream to Reality (2000).

He belongs to several professional scientific and engineering societies. He is most active in the International Academy of Astronautics, where he currently serves on the Academic Commission for Space Technology and System Development; and in the AIAA, where he has chaired the Space Science and Astronomy Technical Committee and sits on the International Activities Committee. He served on and chaired the Executive Committee of the Aerospace Division of the American Society of Civil Engineers. He is the author of numerous papers published in professional journals and presented at professional conferences. He also writes space-related articles for popular magazines, has served as Technical Editor for professional journals, and currently sits on the Editorial Board of the journal, Space Policy.

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Dr. Louis Friedman, Founder and Executive Director, The Planetary Society (invited). When Louis Friedman co-founded The Planetary Society with Dr. Carl Sagan and Dr. Bruce Murray, he brought to his position as Executive Director a wealth of experience in the space exploration community, including 10 years at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and five at AVCO Space Systems Division. He has been a guiding force with the Society for over 20 years and remains as excited as ever about humanity’s journey into the solar system.

His college career began when Sputnik launched the space age. Friedman earned a B.S. in applied Mathematics and Engineering Physics at the University of Wisconsin in 1961, followed by an M.S. in Engineering Mechanics at Cornell University in 1963. He earned his Ph.D. from the Aeronautics and Astronautics Department at M.I.T. in 1971 with a thesis on Extracting Scientific Information from Spacecraft Tracking Data.

From 1963-1968, Dr. Friedman worked at the AVCO Space Systems Division on both civilian and military space programs. The following decade, 1970-1980, found him at JPL, involved in planning deep space missions. His projects included Mariner-Venus-Mercury, the Grand Tour (Voyager), Venus Orbital Imaging Radar (Magellan), Halley Comet Rendezvous-Solar Sail, and the Mars Program.

In 1978-79, Dr. Friedman went to Washington, DC as the AIAA Congressional Fellow and worked on the staff of the subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space of the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation. He frequently returns to Washington, DC to testify to Congress regarding important issues concerning the space science community and the members of The Planetary Society.

Although the solar sail never launched for Halley’s Comet, the concept of using light to propel a spacecraft intrigued Friedman so much that he wrote a book on the subject, Starsailing: Solar Sails and Interstellar Flight, and is now the Project Director for the solar sail mission created by The Planetary Society and Cosmos Studios: Cosmos I.

Dr. Bob McDonald is one of Canada's best known science journalists. He has been communicating science internationally through television, radio, print and live presentations for more than 30 years. Since 1992 he has been the host of CBC Radio’s Quirks and Quarks, the award-winning science program with a national audience of nearly 500,000 people. He is also a regular reporter for CBC Television’s The National as well as host and writer of the Gemini- nominated children’s television series Head’s Up. Bob’s extensive background in science broadcasting includes numerous science documentaries for CBC Radio's Ideas series and location stories and investigative reports for CBC's As It Happens and Morningside. Bob McDonald has also produced, written, and hosted over one hundred educational videos, written for the Globe and Mail, and before joining Quirks & Quarks was the host of CBC televison's children's science program Wonderstruck. He is also the author of two books based on the program, Wonderstruck I and Wonderstruck II.

As a print journalist, Bob has authored two science books for children and contributed to numerous science textbooks, newspapers and magazines including The Globe and Mail, Owl Magazine and many others. His latest book, Measuring the Earth With a Stick, is a collection of essays reflecting on his career as a science journalist and was short-listed for the Canadian Science Writers Association Book Award.

Bob McDonald has been honoured for his outstanding contribution to the promotion of science in Canada as the 2001 recipient of the Michael Smith Award from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council, as well as the 2001 Sir Sanford Fleming Medal from the Royal Canadian Institute, Canada’s oldest scientific institution. In 2005, Bob received the McNeil Medal for the Public Awareness of Science from the Royal Society of Canada - completing the 'triple crown' of medals for science communication in Canada.

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Bob has received three honourary Doctorates from Canadian universities in recognition of his outstanding contribution to helping the public understand and appreciate science.

Dr. J. Buckner Hightower was one of the first western joint venturers with the Soviet aerospace industry. In 1988 he became Vice President and CFO of the Space Commerce Corporation, which formed the historic first Soviet-American joint venture in aerospace. As President of the Aerospace Marketing Group, Mr. Hightower was also first to represent commercial sales for the Soviet Union, in its National Pavilions at the 1989 and 1991 Paris Air Shows. While President of Aerospace Advisory Associates, Mr. Hightower provided capital formation and marketing consultation for Starcraft Boosters, Inc., and for the Aries Project. In addition to developing the commercial space industry, Mr. Hightower also formed real estate development and restaurant companies, and has facilitated technical advances in the sound recording industry. He holds a BA in Economics and a PhD in International Trade. He is a Trustee of the Heinlein Prize Trust and a recipient of the Order of Gagarin, awarded by the Cosmonautics Federation of Russia.

18.1 General Counsel

Excalibur Moon General Counsel – Mr. Andrew Corlett, Managing Director, Cains Advocates Limited.

Mr. Corlett has extensive experience of corporate law and international transactions including mutual funds, asset finance, space and satellite matters. Andrew serves on the board of a number of financial services and commercial entities. His areas of practice include mutual funds, asset finance and space and satellites. Andrew is a trustee of Manx National Heritage, a member of the Isle of Man Treasury's Finance Steering Group, a CouncilMember of the Isle of Man Chamber of Commerce and immediate past President of the Isle of Man Law Society. His non-executive directorships include subsidiaries of HSBC, Cathay Pacific and Inmarsat.

Educated at UC Cardiff and Inns of Court School of Law and qualified as an English Barrister in 1985 (currently non-practicing) and as an Isle of Man Advocate in 1986, Andrew joined Cains in 1986.

Cains has been at the forefront of the development of the Isle of Man as an international finance centre by providing legal services of the highest standards to its local and international clients. Established over one hundred years ago, Cains is the exclusive Isle of Man Member of Lex Mundi, the world's leading association of international law firms.

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Appendix A – Project Deliverables Schedule

2007 Deliverables (status as of Sep 15)

M-1 Crescent Moon Lead: PD Project Management NonLabour Labour Total ALL Task: ALL Budget Budget Budget Status Due Date Deliverable Task $75,948,250 $898,259 $76,846,509 Complete 15-Aug-07 Visioneering & Strategic Outline 205 $5,000 $3,274 $8,274 Complete 31-Aug-07 Hi Level Project Plan 215 $2,183 $2,183 Complete 31-Aug-07 Preliminary Business Plan* 240 $5,456 $5,456 Complete 30-Sep-07 MOU's with Key Players 210 $2,046 $2,046 Complete 30-Sep-07 Business Plan Outline 220 $2,728 $2,728 In Process 30-Sep-07 Project Seed Financing 235 $1,000 $6,548 $7,548 In Process 30-Sep-07 Establish Technical Advisory Board 255 $1,637 $1,637 In Process 30-Sep-07 Research/advise on corp structures 305 $1,091 $1,091 In Process 30-Sep-07 Design board & s/h structures 310 $1,091 $1,091 In Process 30-Sep-07 Establish required corp entities 315 $5,000 $1,091 $6,091 In Process 30-Sep-07 Strategic Partnership Development 505 $28,646 $28,646 In Process 30-Sep-07 Teaming Negotiations 510 In Process 30-Sep-07 Establish Chief Scientist 525 In Process 30-Sep-07 Science Team Structure 530 In Process 30-Sep-07 Strategic Partnering 1515 In Process 4-Oct-07 TAB Mission Review Meeting 260 $5,000 $6,548 $11,548 In Process 15-Oct-07 Lavachkin Phase A Support 560 29-Oct-07 Technical Feasibility Study* 225 31-Oct-07 Legal & regulatory requirements 330 $4,092 $4,092 31-Oct-07 Taxation Minimization Plan 340 31-Oct-07 Establish Team WBS & SOWs 515 2-Nov-07 EPO Plan 1505 $10,000 $10,000 2-Nov-07 Science Communication Plan 1510 $10,000 $10,000 14-Nov-07 Establish Science Team 535 15-Nov-07 Initial Investor Meetings 230 $5,000 $9,822 $14,822 15-Nov-07 Int'l Lunar Consortium (ILC) Plan 345 $9,276 $9,276 30-Nov-07 Strategic Planning Retreat 245 $25,000 $15,278 $40,278 30-Nov-07 Final Business Plan 250 $4,365 $4,365 30-Nov-07 Marketing Plan 405 $13,095 $13,095 30-Nov-07 Marketing Materials 440 $50,000 $50,000 20-Dec-07 Strategic Partnership Agreements 320 $4,365 $4,365 31-Dec-07 Project Financing 265 $5,000 $21,826 $26,826 31-Dec-07 Director & Officer Indemnification 335 $15,000 $15,000

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2008 Deliverables

M-1 Crescent Moon Lead: PD Project Management NonLabour Labour Total ALL Task: ALL Budget Budget Budget Status Due Date Deliverable Task $75,948,250 $898,259 $76,846,509 31-Jan-08 Mission Design Study* 605 $146,250 $30,556 $176,806 31-Jan-08 Lavachkin Support 610 $200,000 $200,000 10-Feb-08 Science Requirements 540 29-Mar-08 Requirements - Mission 705 $47,500 $15,278 $62,778 29-Mar-08 Requirements - Lander 710 $28,500 $28,500 29-Mar-08 Requirements - Avionics 715 $28,500 $28,500 29-Mar-08 Requirements - EDL 720 $28,500 $28,500 29-Mar-08 Requirements - Comm 725 $28,500 $28,500 29-Mar-08 Requirements - Micro-Rover 730 $47,500 $47,500 29-Mar-08 Lavachkin Support 740 $50,000 $50,000 31-Mar-08 Subcontractor agreements 325 31-Mar-08 ILC Development 350 $20,461 $20,461 31-Mar-08 Secondary Business Plans 425 12-Apr-08 ILC Establishment 355 $9,276 $9,276 12-Apr-08 System Requirements Review* 735 $5,000 $9,822 $14,822 16-Aug-08 Launch Vehicle Deposit 1305 $10,000,000 $10,000,000 16-Aug-08 Lunar Transfer Vehicle Deposit 1335 $5,000,000 $5,000,000 2-Oct-08 Preliminary Design - Lander 805 $88,500 $88,500 2-Oct-08 Preliminary Design - Micro-Rover 830 $147,500 $147,500 2-Oct-08 Preliminary Design - Avionics 905 $88,500 $88,500 2-Oct-08 Preliminary Design - EDL 930 $88,500 $88,500 2-Oct-08 Preliminary Design - Comm 1005 $88,500 $88,500 2-Oct-08 Preliminary Design - Ground Segment 1105 $88,500 $88,500 16-Oct-08 PDR - Lander* 810 $10,000 $10,000 16-Oct-08 PDR - Micro-Rover 835 $5,000 $5,000 16-Oct-08 PDR - Avionics 910 $5,000 $5,000 16-Oct-08 PDR - EDL 935 $5,000 $5,000 16-Oct-08 PDR - Comm 1010 $5,000 $5,000 16-Oct-08 PDR - Ground Segment 1110 $2,500 $2,500

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2009 Deliverables

M-1 Crescent Moon Lead: PD Project Management NonLabour Labour Total ALL Task: ALL Budget Budget Budget Status Due Date Deliverable Task $75,948,250 $898,259 $76,846,509 24-Mar-09 EM Lander FA&T - Propulsion 1205 $10,000,000 $10,000,000 24-Mar-09 EM Lander FA&T - Avionics 1210 $500,000 $500,000 24-Mar-09 EM Lander FA&T - Comm 1215 $150,000 $150,000 24-Mar-09 EM FA&T - Rover & Arm 1220 $500,000 $500,000 23-Apr-09 EM Payload Test (4 inst) 1225 $82,500 $82,500 23-Apr-09 EM Lander V&V 1230 $82,500 $82,500 23-Apr-09 EM Lander Integration 1235 $165,000 $165,000 8-Jun-09 Detailed Design - Lander 815 $120,000 $120,000 8-Jun-09 Detailed Design - Micro-Rover 840 $200,000 $200,000 8-Jun-09 Detailed Design - Avionics 915 $120,000 $120,000 8-Jun-09 Detailed Design - EDL 940 $120,000 $120,000 8-Jun-09 Detailed Design - Comm 1015 $120,000 $120,000 8-Jun-09 Detailed Design - Ground Segment 1115 $120,000 $120,000 22-Jun-09 CDR - Lander* 820 $10,000 $10,000 22-Jun-09 CDR - Micro-Rover 845 $5,000 $5,000 22-Jun-09 Lavachkin Support 855 $200,000 $200,000 22-Jun-09 CDR - Avionics 920 $5,000 $5,000 22-Jun-09 CDR - EDL 945 $5,000 $5,000 22-Jun-09 Lavachkin Support 955 $50,000 $50,000 22-Jun-09 CDR - Comm 1020 $5,000 $5,000 22-Jun-09 Lavachkin Support 1030 $50,000 $50,000 22-Jun-09 CDR - Ground Segment 1120 $2,500 $2,500 22-Jun-09 Lavachkin Support 1130 $50,000 $50,000 22-Jun-09 EM System Integration & Test* 1240 $162,000 $162,000 13-Jul-09 Documentation - Lander 825 $10,000 $10,000 13-Jul-09 Documentation - Micro-Rover 850 $5,000 $5,000 13-Jul-09 Documentation - Avionics 925 $5,000 $5,000 13-Jul-09 Documentation - EDL 950 $5,000 $5,000 13-Jul-09 Documentation - Comm 1025 $5,000 $5,000 13-Jul-09 Documentation - Ground Segment 1125 $5,000 $5,000 21-Aug-09 Flight Lander FA&T - Propulsion 1245 $10,000,000 $10,000,000 21-Aug-09 Flight Lander FA&T - Avionics 1250 $500,000 $500,000 21-Aug-09 Flight Lander FA&T - Comm 1255 $150,000 $150,000 21-Aug-09 Flight FA&T - Rover & Arm 1260 $7,000,000 $7,000,000

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2010 Deliverables

M-1 Crescent Moon Lead: PD Project Management NonLabour Labour Total ALL Task: ALL Budget Budget Budget Status Due Date Deliverable Task $75,948,250 $898,259 $76,846,509 18-Jan-10 Launch Vehicle/Services Balance 1330 $10,000,000 $10,000,000 18-Jan-10 Lunar Transfer Vehicle Balance 1340 $5,000,000 $5,000,000 17-Feb-10 Flight Payload Integration & Test 1265 $165,000 $165,000 17-Feb-10 Flight System Integration & Test* 1270 $324,000 $324,000 3-Mar-10 QA & Documentation 1275 $25,000 $25,000 15-May-10 Insurance & Liability Indemnification 1325 $10,000,000 $10,000,000 2-Jul-10 Launch Configuration Integration 1310 $500,000 $500,000 16-Jul-10 Pre-launch preparation & tests 1315 $500,000 $500,000 17-Jul-10 Launch & Tracking/control* 1320 $1,000,000 $1,000,000 17-Jul-10 Translunar injection phase 1405 $180,000 $180,000 18-Jul-10 Cis-Lunar phase 1410 $180,000 $180,000 19-Jul-10 Lunar orbit phase 1415 $180,000 $180,000 20-Jul-10 Descent & landing phase 1420 $210,000 $210,000 30-Jul-10 Surface operations phase 1425 $300,000 $300,000 30-Jul-10 SEPO Management 1520 $90,000 $90,000 31-Jul-10 ILC Management 360 $57,292 $57,292 31-Jul-10 Ongoing legal counsel 365 $90,000 $90,000 31-Jul-10 Sales & Marketing Program 410 $305,558 $305,558 31-Jul-10 Business Development 415 $305,558 $305,558 31-Jul-10 Customer relations management 420 31-Jul-10 Human Resources Mgmt 430 $16,000 $16,000 31-Jul-10 Office & administrative support 435 $160,000 $160,000 31-Jul-10 Science Team Meetings 545 $150,000 $150,000

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Appendix B – Google Lunar X PRIZE Press Release

Google Sponsors Lunar X PRIZE to Create a Space Race for a New Generation $30 Million Purse to be Awarded to Winners

SANTA MONICA, Calif., September 13, 2007 – The X PRIZE Foundation and Google Inc. (NASDAQ: GOOG) today announced the Google Lunar X PRIZE, a robotic race to the Moon to win a remarkable $30 million prize purse. Private companies from around the world will compete to land a privately funded robotic rover on the Moon that is capable of completing several mission objectives, including roaming the lunar surface for at least 500 meters and sending video, images and data back to the Earth.

The Google Lunar X PRIZE is an unprecedented international competition that will challenge and inspire engineers and entrepreneurs from around the world to develop low-cost methods of robotic space exploration. The X PRIZE Foundation, best known for the $10 million Ansari X PRIZE for private suborbital spaceflight, is an educational nonprofit prize organization whose goal is to bring about radical breakthroughs to solve some of the greatest challenges facing the world today.

“The Google Lunar X PRIZE calls on entrepreneurs, engineers and visionaries from around the world to return us to the lunar surface and explore this environment for the benefit of all humanity,” said Dr. Peter H. Diamandis, Chairman and CEO of the X PRIZE Foundation. “We are confident that teams from around the world will help develop new robotic and virtual presence technology, which will dramatically reduce the cost of space exploration.”

“Having Google fund the purse and title the competition punctuates our desire for breakthrough approaches and global participation,” continued Diamandis. “By working with the Google team, we look forward to bringing this historic private space race into every home and classroom. We hope to ignite the imagination of children around the world.”

About Lunar Exploration: In the 1960s, the United States and the Soviet Union engaged in a historic superpower Moon race, which culminated in 12 men exploring the surface of the Moon. The first era of lunar exploration reached a dramatic conclusion in December of 1972 as Apollo 17 Astronauts Captain Gene Cernan and Dr. Harrison Schmitt became the last men on the Moon.

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Moon 2.0, the second era of lunar exploration, will not be a quest for “flags and footprints.” This time we will go to the Moon to stay. The Moon is a stepping stone to the rest of the solar system and a source of solutions to some of the most pressing environmental problems that we face on Earth – energy independence and climate change. Already, governments from around the world recognize the importance of lunar exploration, and national space agencies from the United States, Russia, China, India, Japan, and the nations of Europe plan to send probes to the Moon in the coming decade.

Today, the frontier of private enterprise is the halo of communications satellites in geostationary orbit 24,000 miles above our planet. The Google Lunar X PRIZE now challenges private enterprise to reach 10 times beyond its present limits to participate in this great exploration adventure.

About the Prize Purse: • The $30 million prize purse is segmented into a $20 million Grand Prize, a $5 million Second Prize and $5 million in bonus prizes. To win the Grand Prize, a team must successfully soft land a privately funded spacecraft on the Moon, rove on the lunar surface for a minimum of 500 meters, and transmit a specific set of video, images and data back to the Earth. The Grand Prize is $20 million until December 31st 2012; thereafter it will drop to $15 million until December 31st 2014 at which point the competition will be terminated unless extended by Google and the X PRIZE Foundation. To win the Second Prize, a team must land their spacecraft on the Moon, rove and transmit data back to Earth. Second place will be available until December 31st 2014 at which point the competition will be terminated unless extended by Google and the X PRIZE Foundation.

• Bonus prizes will be won by successfully completing additional mission tasks such as roving longer distances (> 5,000 meters), imaging man made artifacts (e.g. Apollo hardware), discovering water ice, and/or surviving through a frigid lunar night (approximately 14.5 Earth days). The competing lunar spacecraft will be equipped with high-definition video and still cameras, and will send images and data to Earth, which the public will be able to view on the Google Lunar X PRIZE website.

Why the Moon? In a recent Gallup poll, more than two-thirds of Americans (68%) support a return to the Moon, and further missions to points beyond. Some practical benefits to lunar exploration include:

• Enabling exploration of the solar system and beyond. Space exploration is expensive because every ounce of propellant and spacecraft must be launched out of the Earth’s strong gravity field. A natural storehouse of materials, lunar soil is more than 40% oxygen by weight and oxygen makes up most of the mass of rocket propellant. Because of its shallower gravity well, the Moon is the stepping stone to the universe. • The Moon can help save the Earth. For more than 30 years, NASA and the US Department of Energy have experimented with ways to capture abundant clean solar energy in space for use on Earth. Although the technology for doing this is well understood, the high cost of launching materials out of the Earth’s deep gravity well has prevented the implementation of these systems. However, if lunar material is used for space construction, clean energy could be supplied on a 24-hour basis without carbon dioxide or other hazards to the biosphere. • We can learn about the Earth’s geologic past. Thanks to the Moon rocks and other information returned by Apollo astronauts, scientists now believe that the Moon was created by a collision between a planet-sized object and the early Earth. By exploring our nearest neighbor we are also exploring a remnant of ancient Earth. • We can see more deeply into space. The Moon provides a large stable platform for astronomical observation unhindered by atmosphere. The far side of the Moon is the one “quiet” place in the Solar System that is shielded from the Earth’s cacophony of radio, television and data broadcasts. The body of the Moon itself provides this shielding, and a radio telescope on the lunar far side can detect energy from the beginning of the universe.

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• Driving new technologies and devices. The Moon may be the most hostile environment we face in the near future. Surviving and exploring will require major advances in technology. Many of those technologies will also have practical use back home.

Educational materials are now available online at www.googlelunarxprize.org. Educators can sign up for regular updates, classroom plans and news about the teams.

Strategic Alliances: Strategic alliances that support this new competition include:

• Space Exploration Technologies (SpaceX), run by entrepreneur and X PRIZE Foundation Trustee Elon Musk, which is offering competing teams an in-kind contribution, lowering the cost of its Falcon Launch Vehicle. SpaceX is the first preferred launch provider for this competition; • The Allen Telescope Array (ATA), operated by the SETI Institute, will serve as a preferred downlink provider for communications from the Moon to the Earth; operated by SETI, which will provide downlink services at no cost to competing teams; • The Saint Louis Science Center serves as the Foundation’s official education partner and the coordinator of an international network of museums and science centers; and • The International Space University (ISU), based in Strasbourg, France, will conduct international team outreach and facilitate an unbiased judging committee.

ABOUT THE X PRIZE FOUNDATION The X PRIZE Foundation is an educational nonprofit prize institute whose mission is to create radical breakthroughs for the benefit of humanity.

The Google Lunar X PRIZE is the third prize the Foundation has announced since its inception in 1995. In 2004, the X PRIZE Foundation captured world headlines when Mojave Aerospace Ventures, led by legendary aircraft designer Burt Rutan and Microsoft cofounder Paul Allen, built and flew the world’s first private spaceship to win the $10 million Ansari X PRIZE. The Foundation has since expanded its mission beyond space exploration. In 2006, the X PRIZE Foundation launched the Archon X PRIZE for Genomics, a $10 million competition in which the winning team will demonstrate the ability to sequence 100 human genomes in 10 days. This will reduce the cost of genome sequencing and herald a new era of personalized medicine. The X PRIZE Foundation will continue to offer new prizes for breakthroughs in the areas of life improvement, equity of opportunity and sustainability and is widely recognized as the leading model for fostering innovation through competition. For more information, please visit www.xprize.org or email [email protected].

ABOUT GOOGLE, INC. Google's innovative search technologies connect millions of people around the world with information every day. Founded in 1998 by Stanford Ph.D. students Larry Page and Sergey Brin, Google today is a top web property in all major global markets. Google's targeted advertising program provides businesses of all sizes with measurable results, while enhancing the overall web experience for users. Google is headquartered in Silicon Valley with offices throughout the Americas, Europe and Asia. For more information, visit www.google.com.

Google is a trademark of Google Inc. All other company and product names may be trademarks of the companies with which they are associated.

www.googlelunarxprize.org

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