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Proclus on the Elements and the Celestial Bodies
PROCLUS ON THE ELEMENTS AND THE CELESTIAL BODIES PHYSICAL TH UGHT IN LATE NEOPLAT NISM Lucas Siorvanes A Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Dept. of History and Philosophy of Science, Science Faculty, University College London. Deuember 1986 - 2 - ABSTRACT Until recently, the period of Late Antiquity had been largely regarded as a sterile age of irrationality and of decline in science. This pioneering work, supported by first-hand study of primary sources, argues that this opinion is profoundly mistaken. It focuses in particular on Proclus, the head of the Platonic School at Athens in the 5th c. AD, and the chief spokesman for the ideas of the dominant school of thought of that time, Neoplatonism. Part I, divided into two Sections, is an introductory guide to Proclus' philosophical and cosmological system, its general principles and its graded ordering of the states of existence. Part II concentrates on his physical theories on the Elements and the celestial bodies, in Sections A and B respectively, with chapters (or sub-sections) on topics including the structure, properties and motion of the Elements; light; space and matter; the composition and motion of the celestial bodies; and the order of planets. The picture that emerges from the study is that much of the Aristotelian physics, so prevalent in Classical Antiquity, was rejected. The concepts which were developed instead included the geometrization of matter, the four-Element composition of the universe, that of self-generated, free motion in space for the heavenly bodies, and that of immanent force or power. -
Physiognomy in Ancient Science and Medicine
Physiognomy Mariska Leunissen The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Introduction Physiognomy(fromthelaterGreek physiognōmia ,whichisacontractionoftheclassicalform physiognōmonia )referstotheancientscienceofdeterminingsomeone’sinnatecharacteronthe basisoftheiroutward,andhenceobservable,bodilyfeatures.Forinstance,Socrates’famous snubnosewasuniversallyinterpretedbyancientphysiognomistsasaphysiognomicalsignof hisinnatelustfulness,whichheonlyovercamethroughphilosophicaltraining.Thediscipline initstechnicalformwithitsownspecializedpractitionersfirstsurfacesinGreeceinthefifth century BCE ,possiblythroughconnectionswiththeNearEast,wherebodilysignswere takenasindicatorsofsomeone’sfutureratherthanhischaracter.Theshifttocharacter perhapsarisesfromthewidespreadculturalpracticeintheancientGreekandRomanworld oftreatingsomeone’soutwardappearanceasindicativeforhispersonality,whichisalready visibleinHomer(eighthcentury BCE ).Inthe Iliad ,forinstance,adescriptionofThersites’ quarrelsomeandrepulsivecharacterisfollowedbyadescriptionofhisequallyuglybody(see Iliad 2.211–219),suggestingthatthiscorrespondencebetweenbodyandcharacterisno accident.ThersitesisthustheperfectfoilfortheGreekidealofthe kaloskagathos –theman whoisbothbeautifulandgood.Thesameholdsforthepracticeofattributingcharacter traitsassociatedwithaparticularanimalspeciestoapersonbasedonsimilaritiesintheir physique:itisfirstformalizedinphysiognomy,butwasalreadywidelyusedinanon- 1 technicalwayinancientliterature.Themostfamousexampleofthelatterisperhaps SemonidesofAmorgos’satireofwomen(fragment7 -
First Missionary Journey & the Jerusalem Conference
The Apostle Paul, Servant of Christ Boiling Springs, NC Overview Study Guide 704 966-6845 Unit II, Chapter 5 [email protected] “The First Missionary Journey” © All rights reserved by Lorin L Cranford Quick Links to Study 5.0 First Missionary Journey 5.0.1 Establishing Christian Congregations 5.0.2 Discipling Christian Congregations, Acts 14:21-28 5.0.1.1 Work in Seleucia, Acts 13:4 Summary: Gal. 3:1-5, 4:12-20 5.0.1.2 Work in Cyprus, Acts 13:5-12 5.1. Jerusalem Council, Acts 15:1-36, Gal. 2:1-10 5.0.1.3 Work in Perga, Acts 13:13 5.1.1 Problems at Antioch, Acts 15:1-3 5.0.1.4 Work in Pisidian Antioch, Acts 13:14-52 5.1.2 Victory in Jerusalem, Acts 15:4-29, Gal. 2:1-10 5.0.1.5 Work in Iconium, Acts 14:1-7 5.1.3 Ministry in Antioch, Acts 15:30-35, Gal. 2:11-14 5.0.1.6 Work in Lystra, Acts 14:8-20 5.0.1.7 Work in Derbe, Acts 14:21 Conclusion Introduction After Paul and Barnabas arrived back at Antioch, along with John Mark, some time passed before the next major event that would change Christianity forever. The breakthrough to the non-Jewish world with the Gos- pel had largely started at Antioch. And now this group of believers would launch a movement toward Gentiles that would revolutionize Christianity. This event was the beginning of the first missionary journey of Paul and Barnabas. -
PROCLUS on HESIOD's WORKS and DAYS Patrizia Marzillo
PERFORMING AN ACADEMIC TALK: PROCLUS ON HESIOD’S WORKS AND DAYS Patrizia Marzillo Abstract From Socrates onwards orality was the favoured means of expression for those wholaterlovedtocallthemselves‘Platonic’.Theyusedtodiscussphilosophical issues in debates that turned into academic lectures and seminars. According to Plato’s original teaching, these talks should have not been “fixed” in written compositions, yet Plato himself put most of his doctrine into fictive “written dia- logues”.His followers intensified their connection with writing, above all for the purposes of teaching. On the one hand, they made notes on the lessons of their teachers; on the other, they enlarged their own talks in written compositions. Neoplatonists’ commentaries are often an amplification of their academic talks. The lessons held in the school of Athens or in Platonic circles coalesced into texts that mostly constitute Neoplatonic propaganda intended for the outside world. When Proclus directed the school in Athens, Plato and Aristotle were taught, but also theologian poets such as Homer, Orpheus, Hesiod. As the Suda reports, Proclus wrote commentaries on all of these poets, but the only onepreservedisthecommentaryonHesiod’sWorks and Days.Througha comparison of some passages from this commentary, I show how Proclus’ commentary on Hesiod is not only a good example of an oral lesson that has become a written commentary, but also, importantly, of a text that aimed at the diffusion of Neoplatonic ideas among an audience of non-adherents. As his biographer and disciple Marinus of Neapolis relates, the neo- Platonist Proclus was accustomed to write about lines a day.1 Besides being a very prolific author, he was also an indefatigable teacher since in addition to his writing he held several classes during the day and also gave evening talks.2 What I propose to show in this paper is the profound interaction between the oral communication in his school and the written performance of his commentaries. -
A Acerbi, F., 45 Adam, C., 166–169, 171, 175, 176, 178–181, 183–185
Index A 80, 81, 84, 86, 87, 93, 97, 98, 107, 112, Acerbi, F., 45 137, 198, 201, 212, 233, 235, 236 Adam, C., 166–169, 171, 175, 176, 178–181, Arius Didymus, 35 183–185, 187, 188, 200, 201 Arnauld, 217, 227, 233, 239–242, 245 Adams, R.M., 234, 245, 306 Arnzen, R., 55 Adorno, T.W., 147 Arriaga, R.de, 6 Adrastos, 77–81, 89, 96 Arthur, R, 254 Aetius, 35 Athenaeus, 39 Agapius, 56 Atherton, M., 170, 174 Aglietta, M., 151 Aujac, G., 145 Aichelin, J., 232 Autolycus, 15, 20, 21, 23, 24 Aiken, J.A., 148 Ayers, M., 229 Aime, M., 145 Aksamija, N., 152 Alberti, L.B., 9, 148, 150 B Alembert, J.d', 70 Bacon, R., 165, 166 Alexander of Aphrodisias, 16, 35, 43, 54, 56, Banu Musa, 53 58, 61, 77, 78, 81 Barnes, J., 38, 212, 235 Algra, K., 34, 35, 38 Barozzi, F., 115, 119, 120 Al-Haytham, 164–167 Barrow, I., 6, 220 Alhazen, see Ibn Al-Haytham Basileides of Tyre, 37 Al-Khwārizmī, 92 Baudrillard, J., 144 Al-Kindī, 161, 162, 164, 165 Bayle, P., 237 Al-Nayrizi, 55–57, 59 Beauchamp, T.L., 274 Al-Sijzī, 110 Bechtle, G., 105 Allison, H.E., 283 Belting, H., 145, 148 Andronicus of Rhodes, 102 Benatouïl, T., 114 Apollodorus, 41, 42 Benjamin, W., 144, 145, 148 Apollonios of Perge (Apollonius), 15, 19–21, Bentley, R., 223–226 23–27, 37, 38, 52, 53, 63, 81, 106, 123 Berggren, J.L., 94 Apostle Thomas, 147 Berkeley, G., 11, 160, 161, 166, 170, 186 Aratus, 24 Bernadete, J., 212, 213 Arbini, R., 170 Bernanos, G., 137 Archedemus, 41 Bernoulli, J., 233 Archimedes, 15, 19–21, 23, 24, 27, 29, 38, 39, Bessel, F.W., 72 44, 45, 47, 68, 106, 123 Bioesmat-Martagon, L., 72 Ariew, R., 110, 212, 214 Blumenberg, H., 143 Aristaeus, 27 Boer, E., 93 Ariston, 39 Bolyai, J., 11 Aristotle, 3, 5, 6, 15, 16, 18, 19, 24–34, 36, Bonola, R., 70 40–45, 47–50, 55, 58, 60, 61, 68, 75, Borelli, G.A., 6 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 311 V. -
Pausanias: Travel and Memory in Roman Greece
Pausanias: Travel and Memory in Roman Greece SUSAN E. ALOCOCK JOHN F. CHERRY JAS ELSNER, Editors OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Pausanias pausanias Travel and Memory in Roman Greece Edited by Susan E. Alcock, John F. Cherry, & Jas´Elsner 3 2001 1 Oxford New York Athens Auckland Bangkok Bogota´ Buenos Aires Calcutta Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi Florence Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Mumbai Nairobi Paris Saˆo Paulo Shanghai Singapore Taipei Tokyo Warsaw and associated companies in Berlin Ibadan Copyright ᭧ 2001 by Oxford University Press Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Pausanias : travel and memory in Roman Greece / edited by S.E. Alcock, J.F. Cherry & J. Elsner. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-19-512816-8 (cloth) 1. Pausanias. Description of Greece. 2. Greece—Description and travel—Early works to 1800. 3. Greece—Antiquities. 4. Greece—Historiography. I. Alcock, Susan E. II. Cherry, John F. III. Elsner, Jas´. DF27.P383 P38 2000 938'.09—dc21 00-022461 Frontispiece: Location of principal places mentioned in the book. 987654321 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper For Silvia, Britten, and Bax This page intentionally left blank Preface This volume is dedicated to the principle that Pausanias deserves more—and more ambitious—treatment than he tends to receive. -
Thomas Taylor's Dissent from Some 18Th
Leo Catana, Thomas Taylor’s dissent from some 18th-century views on Platonic philosophy' The ethical and theological context Catana, Leo Published in: International Journal of the Platonic Tradition DOI: 10.1163/18725473-12341262 Publication date: 2013 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Citation for published version (APA): Catana, L. (2013). Leo Catana, Thomas Taylor’s dissent from some 18th-century views on Platonic philosophy': The ethical and theological context. International Journal of the Platonic Tradition, 7(2), 180-220. https://doi.org/10.1163/18725473-12341262 Download date: 26. Sep. 2021 The International Journal of the Platonic Tradition The International Journal of the Platonic Tradition 7 (2013) 180-220 brill.com/jpt Thomas Taylor’s Dissent from Some 18th-Century Views on Platonic Philosophy: The Ethical and Theological Context Leo Catana University of Copenhagen [email protected] Abstract Thomas Taylor’s interpretation of Plato’s works in 1804 was condemned as guilty by association immediately after its publication. Taylor’s 1804 and 1809 reviewer thus made a hasty generalisation in which the qualities of Neoplatonism, assumed to be negative, were transferred to Taylor’s own interpretation, which made use of Neoplatonist thinkers. For this reason, Taylor has typically been marginalised as an interpreter of Plato. This article does not deny the association between Taylor and Neoplatonism. Instead, it examines the historical and historiographical reasons for the reviewer’s assumption that Neoplatonic readings of Plato are erroneous by definition. In particular, it argues that the reviewer relied on, and tacitly accepted, ethical and theological premises going back to the historiography of philosophy developed by Jacob Brucker in his Historia critica philosophiae (1742-44). -
SCHOLIA, COMMENTARIES, and LEXICA on SPECIFIC LITERARY WORKS 2 Scholia, Commentaries, and Lexica on Specific Literary Works
18 SCHOLIA, COMMENTARIES, AND LEXICA ON SPECIFIC LITERARY WORKS 2 Scholia, Commentaries, and Lexica on Specific Literary Works 2.1 ARCHAIC AND CLASSICAL POETRY This category includes the most famous and most often cited scholia. By far the most important are the Homer scholia, but those on Pindar and the Attic drama- tists are also significant. 2.1.1 Homer Ancient scholarship on Homer was extensive and of high quality, for the best scholars of antiquity devoted much of their time and energy to the Homeric poems. Work on Homer that could be described as scholarship goes back at least to the classical period and probably to the sixth century bc, and editing the text of Homer was one of the main tasks of the first Alexandrian scholars. Zenodotus, Aristophanes of Byzantium, and Aristarchus probably all produced editions of the Iliad and Odyssey, and Aristarchus wrote extensive commentaries, while Zenodotus and Aristophanes compiled glossaries of primarily Homeric words. In addition, the early and persistent use of Homer as a school text meant that there was a tradi- tion of school exegesis that reached back as far as the classical period. Though none of the very early work on Homer survives in its original form, a surprising amount is preserved in various later compilations, so we often know, for example, the read- ings of several different Alexandrian scholars for a particular passage, and even some of the arguments behind these readings (although the arguments preserved in later sources cannot always be assumed to be those of the editor himself). Two principal sources for the ancient scholarship on Homer survive: the scholia and Eustathius’ commentaries, both of which are gigantic works filling many vol- umes in modern editions. -
The Greek Anthology with an English Translation by W
|^rct?c^tc^ to of the Univereitp of Toronto JScrtrani 1I-1. iDavit^ from the hoohs? ot the late Hioncl Bavie, Hc.cT. THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARY EDITED BY E. CAl'PS, Ph.D., LL.D. T. E. PAGE, Lut.D. W. H. D. IWUSE, LnT.D. THE CiREEK ANTHOLOGY III 1 *• THE GREEK ANTHOLOGY WITH AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION BY W. R. PA TON IN FIVE VOLUMES III LONDON : WILLIAM HEINEMANN NEW YORK : G. P. PUTNAM S SONS M CM XV 1 CONTENTS BOOK IX. —THE DECLAMATORY EPICRAMS 1 GENERAL INDEX 449 INDEX OF AUTHORS INCLUDED IN THIS VOLUME . 454 GREEK ANTHOLOGY BOOK IX THE DECLAMATORY AND DESCRIPTIVE EPIGRAMS This book, as we should naturally expect, is especially rich in epigrams from the Stephanus of Philippus, the rhetorical style of epigram having been in vogue during the period covered by that collection. There are several quite long series from this source, retaining the alphabetical order in which they were arranged, Nos. 215-312, 403-423, 541- 562. It is correspondingly poor in poems from Meleager s Stephanus (Nos. 313-338). It contains a good deal of the Alexandrian Palladas, a contemporary of Hypatia, most of wliich we could well dispense with. The latter part, from No. 582 07iwards, consists mostly of real or pretended in- scriptions on works of art or buildings, many quite unworthy of preservation, but some, especially those on baths, quite graceful. The last three epigrams, written in a later hand, do not belong to the original Anthology. ANeOAOriA (-) EnirPAM.M ATA RTIIAEIKTIKA 1.— 110ATAIX(;T :::a1'A1AN()T AopKuSo^; upTiroKoio Ti6i]i')]T)'ipioi' ovdap efjLTrXeov r)p.vaav ^ 7rifcp6<i erv^ev e)(i<;. -
Proclus the Philosopher on Theurgy’, Celestial Magic , Special Issue of Culture and Cosmos , Vol
CULTURE AND COSMOS A Journal of the History of Astrology and Cultural Astronomy Vol. 19 no 1 and 2, Spring/Summer and Autumn/Winter 2015 Published by Culture and Cosmos and the Sophia Centre Press, in partnership with the University of Wales Trinity Saint David, in association with the Sophia Centre for the Study of Cosmology in Culture, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, Faculty of Humanities and the Performing Arts Lampeter, Ceredigion, Wales, SA48 7ED, UK. www.cultureandcosmos.org Cite this paper as: José Manuel Redondo, ‘The Celestial Imagination: Proclus the Philosopher on Theurgy’, Celestial Magic , special issue of Culture and Cosmos , Vol. 19, nos. 1 and 2, Autumn/Winter and Spring/Summer 2015, pp. 25-46. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue card for this book is available from the British Library All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Publishers. ISSN 1368-6534 Printed in Great Britain by Lightning Source Copyright 2018 Culture and Cosmos All rights reserved The Celestial Imagination: 1 Proclus the Philosopher on Theurgy José Manuel Redondo Abstract: This paper focuses on Proclus’s On the hieratic art of the Greeks – considered as a contemporary philosophical problem – exploring some of its fundamental concepts and images, thus delineating Proclus’s notion of theurgy, which he primarily conceived as divine action manifesting in the union between a god and the theurgist, and only secondarily as a technique. -
6 X 10.5 Long Title.P65
Cambridge University Press 0521817463 - The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Justinian Edited by Michael Maas Index More information Index S Aachen, Charlemagne’s palace church at, Agapias, 323, 335 366 Agapitus (Pope), 79, 232, 246, 277–279 Abasgi, 491, 497 Agapius of Hierapolis, 135 abortions, Procopius’ Secret History Agathias portraying Theodora as having, earthquake of 557, 71 435 Evagrius unable to access Histories of, Abraha, 502, 515, 517 392 Abraham of Kashkar, 259 Franks, 459 Abu Karib, 500, 502 hippodrome games, 65 Acacian Schism, 224–225, 269–270 historians’ reliance on, 394 The Account of the Disputation of the Priest, law and legal practice, 177, 183 406 life, career, and works, xix, 382, acculturation of barbarian tribes, 452, 386–390, 391 458–459 Menander Protector continuing Achaemenids, 478 (see also entries at Histories of, 391 Persian) Michael (archangel), powers of image Achilles, statue in Augoustaion of of, 31 0 Justinian dressed as, 66 pagan intellectuals and Athenian Adarbigana (Media Atropatene), 135 school, suppression of, 333 administration, see government Persia and Persians, 319 , 320, 477, 478 administration and bureaucracy philosophers’ flight to Persia, 319 , 320 admissionalis, 66 philosophy, knowledge of, 335 adscripticii (coloni adscripticii), 38, 191 popularity of, 394 adultery, see gender roles Smyrna, benefactor of public Aelia Eudocia, 64, 381, 439, 440, 441, convenience in, 387 463 Uranius, irritation at, 323, 378 Aelia Eudoxia, 441 war and military, 115, 117 Aelia Galla Placidia, 441 Age of Justinian, 3–5 (see also more Aeneas of Gaza, 317 , 323 specific topics) Aetius, 454, 456 economic contours of, see economic Aetius, Cistern of, 62, 68 contours of Age of Justinian Africa, see North Africa geopolitical contours of, 10–13, 30 Agapetus (deacon of St. -
This Thesis Has Been Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for a Postgraduate Degree (E.G
This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree (e.g. PhD, MPhil, DClinPsychol) at the University of Edinburgh. Please note the following terms and conditions of use: • This work is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, which are retained by the thesis author, unless otherwise stated. • A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. • This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author. • The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. • When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. THE GENRE OF ACTS AND COLLECTED BIOGRAPHY By Sean A. Adams PhD Thesis University of Edinburgh 2011 2 The thesis is entirely my own work and no portion of it represents work done in collaboration with others. Neither has the dissertation been submitted for any other degree or qualification. Sean A. Adams 3 ABSTRACT This thesis argues that the best genre parallel for the Acts of the Apostles is collected biography. This conclusion is reached through an application of ancient and modern genre theory and a detailed comparison of Acts and collected biographies. Chapter 1 offers prolegomena to this study and further delineates the contours of the thesis. Chapter 2 provides an extensive history of research, not only to provide the context and rationale for the present work, but also to indicate some of the shortcomings of previous investigations and the need for this present study.