DOCSLIB.ORG

Case of Yakutia)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Gavrilyeva, Tuyara Conference Paper Energy consumption and CO2 emissions in the northern cities (case of Yakutia) 56th Congress of the European Regional Science Association: "Cities & Regions: Smart, Sustainable, Inclusive?", 23-26 August 2016, Vienna, Austria Provided in Cooperation with: European Regional Science Association (ERSA) Suggested Citation: Gavrilyeva, Tuyara (2016) : Energy consumption and CO2 emissions in the northern cities (case of Yakutia), 56th Congress of the European Regional Science Association: "Cities & Regions: Smart, Sustainable, Inclusive?", 23-26 August 2016, Vienna, Austria, European Regional Science Association (ERSA), Louvain-la-Neuve This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/174700 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. www.econstor.eu Energy consumption and CO2 emissions in the northern cities (case of Yakutia) Tuyara Gavrilyeva North-Eastern Federal University; Department of Regional Economic and Social Studies of Yakut Centre of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences; Key words: North, energy system, net cost, energy consumption, heat energy, cross- subsidization, Arctic settlements, population, territorial disparities The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is one of the most challenging regions of Russia in maintenance of accessibility of heating and electricity for the population and industries. The Republic is located in the North-Eastern Asia and territorially is the largest region of Russian Federation. The total area of the continental and insular territory of Yakutia is 3.1 million sq.km, where more than 40% of the territory is located within the Arctic Circle. The vast territory and the dispersion of population settlement, where the distance between the settlements in some areas reach 600-700 km, predetermine the complex structure of the region’s power grid, which is one of the most expensive in the country nowadays. On average, duration of the heating season in Yakutia is 8-9 months in a year, and it is 12 months in the Arctic. In terms of conservation of isolation and inaccessibility in which 90% of the territory does not have a year-round transportation system, the main expenses of the budget system, population and businesses of the region are still electricity and heating costs. COPERA project (“C budget of ecosystems and cities and villages on permafrost”) carried out by a group of scientists of North-Eastern Federal University together with Japanese and American specialists by grant of RFBR №15-54-71003 under the Belmond forum. It is aim not only at assessment of greenhouse gas emissions, but also to study socio-economics problems in the sphere of life support of the population in the North. The production of electricity in Yakutia started to develop on a large scale only since mid-1960s during the active development of mineral deposits. (Fig. 1) Thus, the priority of the development of electric power has always support an industry, rather than the household sector or the social services. Fig. 1. Electricity generation in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), mln. kWh. 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 1932 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2014 Source: Data of SSC of Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), http://sakha.gks.ru By the end of 80th electricity generation reached a maximum, after there was a slight drop. One of the reasons is the elimination of a number of industrial enterprises, which have become unprofitable in the market economy. This decline was overcame only in 2014, both due to the strong growth of new industries, such as oil production and due to active housing construction. There are four power districts in Yakutia. All districts are fundamentally different from each other by a source of energy production (coal, natural gas, hydro, diesel fuel), and by other parameters – consumer structure, costs, pricing (Table 1). Totally there are 120 power plants of total capacity of 187 GW. For electricity generation almost 85% of the fuel raw materials imported from outside of the country (diesel power). Seasonal nature of the delivery connected with the navigation system and sophisticated transport delivery scheme. However, delivery terms for some regions can reach up to 1.5 to 2.5 years. These factors determine the need to attract credit resources for seasonal importation for energy companies to the amount of 5 billion rubles per year. There are problems with high unit costs for the purchase and delivery of diesel fuel. There is also the problem of the length of power lines in the whole country that amounts to 5 thousand km., where only 3 thousand km. belong to the range of the central power system. Furthermore, mostly all the power lines are worn out. The largest amount of CO2 emissions in power generation accounts to the territory in which the concentrated power of the region’s major generating capacity, in such human settlements as Serebryany Bor (Neryungri District), Svetly (Mirny District) and also in the Table 1. The structure of power generation in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in 2014 Power Regions of Human Value of The Raw Districts Republic settlement generation, structure, material МW % Central Yakutsk city Yakutsk city 420,4 17,1% Natural gas, oil Western Mirny District Svetly 1228,3 50,1% Hydro- generation etc. Southern Neryungri Serebryany 618 25,2% Coal District Bor Northern Northern and Various 187,2 7,6% Diesel fuel, Power District Eastern Yakutia, northern coal Arctic settlements Total 2453,9 100,0% Source: Report of Marinychev P.A "Development of the electricity of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia)", 27.06.2013, http://www.rushydro.ru/upload/iblock/adc/Pavel-Marinychev-Gov-of- Yakutia.pdf capital of the Republic – Yakutsk city. These settlements are the heart of intensive anthropogenic impact of energy facilities to the environment, while, in the area of decentralized energy system anthropogenic impact is dispersed due to low power of energy generating enterprises. Production of electricity in the Republic is partially redundant, partly in short supply, and the electricity are supplied and purchased to other regions of Russia in the wholesale electricity and capacity market within the framework of the United Energy System of Russia. According to the fuel and energy balance of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), in 2007, the ratio of "imported" in the area of electricity estimated at 2.4% of its own generation volume and the share of "exported" electricity is 13% [Energy Strategy, 2010, p. 24]. In 2015, the integration of the Western, Central and Southern Yakutia power districts was completed. It will lead to a significant change of the situation in the area of pricing. Previously, large industrial companies, including JSC "ALROSA" which subsidized consumers decentralized energy zones. There was used so called an "boiler" pricing principle, which meant the establishment of uniform tariffs for electricity in the territory of the Republic, respectively, the tariffs for consumers in Central, South and West power were 33-35% higher than economically justified level (Table. 2). Table 2. The differentiation of tariffs for electric energy in the context of power districts of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2014/2010 Economically justified tariff 2,37 2,89 2,98 3,37 3,6 152% (central+southern+western), rub./KWh. Economically justified tariff 17,56 21,5 22,84 28,45 30,54 174% (decentralized power supply area), rub. / KWh. The average tariff on 3,21 3,75 3,95 4,55 5,10 174% Republic, rub. / KWh. The ratio of areas of 7,41 7,44 7,66 8,44 8,48 114% decentralized and centralized energy The average tariff to the 135% 130% 133% 135% 135% economically justified tariffs (central + southern + western) The average tariff to the 18% 17% 17% 16% 16% economically justified tariffs (zone of decentralized power supply) Source: Data of OJSC «Yakutskenergo», https://yakutskenergo.ru Due to the withdrawal from OJSC “Yakutskenergo” in wholesale electricity and capacity market of such large consumers as JCS “Yakutugol” and PJSC “Zoloto Seligdara”, an increase in electricity tariffs in 2015 amounted to 15% (of which 9% - is a loss of customers), while in 2014 it was 4.4%. The refusal of the cross-subsidies would lead to higher costs of economic entities (the budget system, population and businesses) in the areas of decentralized power supply for 6 billion rubles per year (in terms of 2015). (Fig. 2). Currently, the government of the republic and the federal government have not formulated coordinated decisions with regard to compensation for these costs yet. In addition, the elimination of cross-subsidies was supported by the President of the Russian Federation and on 3 November 2015 were given special instructions. The situation is exacerbated by the current financial crisis that imposes severe restrictions including to the budget system. Human settlements selected for analysis in COPERA project belong to the central and northern power districts of Yakutia (Table 3).
Recommended publications
  • Forest Fires and Climate in Alaska and Sakha Forest Fires Near Yakutsk

    Forest Fires and Climate in Alaska and Sakha Forest Fires Near Yakutsk

    Forest Fires and Climate in Alaska and Sakha Forest Fires Near Yakutsk Hiroshi Hayasaka*, ** * Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, JAPAN ** CREST, JST (Japan Science and Technology Corporation) ABSTRACT This paper describes forest fires and weather in Alaska, North America and Sakha, Eastern part or Far East Siberia. Number of forest fires in Sakha is three times greater than that of Alaska. On the other hand, the mean annual burnt area in both places is almost the same and is about 2,400 km-2. Mean air temperature rise from 1830 in Yakutsk, Sakha was about 3OC. In Yakutsk, remarkable temperature rise begun from 1970’s. On the contrary, precipitation trend from 1890 shows gradual decreasing trend begun from 1970’s. Forest fire histories from the middle of 1950’s in Alaska and Sakha show that average burnt area become larger and larger from 1990’s. These climate trends push boreal forest very flammable. Under climate condition of higher air temperature and lower precipitation, large forest fires occurred near Yakustk, Sakha, in 2002. The cause of large forest fires is discussed from the climate point of view. Key words: Forest Fires, Hot Spot, Global Warming, Climate, Precipitation 1. INTRODUCTION The boreal forest or so-called Taiga is one of the largest contiguous forest areas in the world. Taiga becomes very flammable from spring to fall because total precipitation amount is only less than about 300mm. In addition, temperature rise due to global warming will make good conditions for forest fire. Fire incidence in high latitude may become to increase due to ongoing global warming because precipitation is low.
  • Northern Sea Route Cargo Flows and Infrastructure- Present State And

    Northern Sea Route Cargo Flows and Infrastructure- Present State And

    Northern Sea Route Cargo Flows and Infrastructure – Present State and Future Potential By Claes Lykke Ragner FNI Report 13/2000 FRIDTJOF NANSENS INSTITUTT THE FRIDTJOF NANSEN INSTITUTE Tittel/Title Sider/Pages Northern Sea Route Cargo Flows and Infrastructure – Present 124 State and Future Potential Publikasjonstype/Publication Type Nummer/Number FNI Report 13/2000 Forfatter(e)/Author(s) ISBN Claes Lykke Ragner 82-7613-400-9 Program/Programme ISSN 0801-2431 Prosjekt/Project Sammendrag/Abstract The report assesses the Northern Sea Route’s commercial potential and economic importance, both as a transit route between Europe and Asia, and as an export route for oil, gas and other natural resources in the Russian Arctic. First, it conducts a survey of past and present Northern Sea Route (NSR) cargo flows. Then follow discussions of the route’s commercial potential as a transit route, as well as of its economic importance and relevance for each of the Russian Arctic regions. These discussions are summarized by estimates of what types and volumes of NSR cargoes that can realistically be expected in the period 2000-2015. This is then followed by a survey of the status quo of the NSR infrastructure (above all the ice-breakers, ice-class cargo vessels and ports), with estimates of its future capacity. Based on the estimated future NSR cargo potential, future NSR infrastructure requirements are calculated and compared with the estimated capacity in order to identify the main, future infrastructure bottlenecks for NSR operations. The information presented in the report is mainly compiled from data and research results that were published through the International Northern Sea Route Programme (INSROP) 1993-99, but considerable updates have been made using recent information, statistics and analyses from various sources.
  • Quantifying the Northward Spread of Ticks (Ixodida) As Climate Warms in Northern Russia

    Quantifying the Northward Spread of Ticks (Ixodida) As Climate Warms in Northern Russia

    atmosphere Article Quantifying the Northward Spread of Ticks (Ixodida) as Climate Warms in Northern Russia Leonid N. Vladimirov 1, Grigory N. Machakhtyrov 1, Varvara A. Machakhtyrova 1 , Albertus S. Louw 2 , Netrananda Sahu 3 , Ali P. Yunus 4 and Ram Avtar 2,5,* 1 Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, Yakutsk 677001, Russia; [email protected] (L.N.V.); [email protected] (G.N.M.); [email protected] (V.A.M.) 2 Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan; [email protected] 3 Department of Geography, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India; [email protected] 4 Center for Climate Change Adaptation, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan; [email protected] 5 Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +81-011-706-2261 Abstract: Climate change is affecting human health worldwide. In particular, changes to local and global climate parameters influence vector and water-borne diseases like malaria, dengue fever, and tick-borne encephalitis. The Republic of Sakha in northern Russia is no exception. Long-term trends of increasing annual temperatures and thawing permafrost have corresponded with the northward range expansion of tick-species in the Republic. Indigenous communities living in these remote areas may be severely affected by human and livestock diseases introduced by disease vectors like ticks. To better understand the risk of vector-borne diseases in Sakha, we aimed to describe the Citation: Vladimirov, L.N.; increase and spatial spread of tick-bite cases in the Republic.
  • Golden Eagle Trans-Siberian Express Via the BAM and Yakutsk

    Golden Eagle Trans-Siberian Express Via the BAM and Yakutsk

    Golden Eagle Trans-Siberian Express via the BAM and Yakutsk https://www.irtsociety.com/journey/golden-eagle-trans-siberian-express-bam-line/ Overview The Highlights - Explore smaller and remote towns of Russia, rarely visited by tourists - Grand Moscow’s Red Square, the Kremlin Armoury Chamber, St. Basil's Cathedral and Cafe Pushkin - Yekaterinburg, infamous execution site of Tsar Nicholas II, his wife Alexandra, their son, daughters and servants, by the Bolsheviks in 1918 - Fantastic Sayan Mountain scenery, including the Dzheb double horse-shoe curves The Society of International Railway Travelers | irtsociety.com | (800) 478-4881 Page 1/7 - Visit one of the biggest hydro-electric dams in the world in Bratsk and one of the world’s largest open cast mines in Neryungri - Stop at the unique and mysterious 3.7-mile (6km) long Chara Sand Dunes - Learn about the history and building of the BAM line at the local museum in Tynda - Marvel at Komsomolsk's majestic and expansive urban architecture of the Soviet era, including the stupendous Pervostroitelei Avenue, lined with Soviet store fronts and signage intact - City tour of Vladivostok, including a preserved World War II submarine - All meals, fine wine with lunch and dinner, hotels, gratuities, off-train tours and arrival/departure transfers included The Tour Travel by private train through an outstanding area of untouched natural beauty of Siberia, along the Baikal-Amur Magistral (BAM) line, visiting some of the lesser known places and communities of remote Russia. The luxurious Golden Eagle will transport you from Moscow to Vladivostok along the less-traveled, northerly Trans-Siberian BAM line.
  • Terminal Evaluation of the UNEP/GEF Project

    Terminal Evaluation of the UNEP/GEF Project

    United Nations Environment Programme Terminal Evaluation of the UNEP/GEF Project “Russian Federation – Support to the National Programme of Action for the Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment” Prof. Dr. Ivan Holoubek & Oleg Sutkaitis UNEP Evaluation Office September 2012 Table of Contents Project Identification Table _________________________________________________ i Executive summary ________________________________________________________ ii 1. Evaluation background ________________________________________________ 1 A. Context _____________________________________________________________________________ 1 B. The Project __________________________________________________________________________ 2 C. Evaluation objectives, scope and methodology ____________________________________________ 4 C. 1 Objective and Scope of the Evaluation ________________________________________________ 4 C. 2 Overall Approach and Methods ______________________________________________________ 4 C. 3. Limitations and Constraints ________________________________________________________ 5 2. Project performance and impact ___________________________________________ 6 A. Attainment of objectives and planned results ___________________________________ 6 A.1 Achievement of outputs and activities __________________________________________________ 6 A.2 Relevance __________________________________________________________________________ 7 A. 3 Effectiveness _______________________________________________________________________ 9 A.4 Efficiency _________________________________________________________________________
  • Chapter 7. Cities of the Russian North in the Context of Climate Change

    Chapter 7. Cities of the Russian North in the Context of Climate Change

    ? chapter seven Cities of the Russian North in the Context of Climate Change Oleg Anisimov and Vasily Kokorev Introduction In addressing Arctic urban sustainability, one has to deal with the com- plex interplay of multiple factors, such as governance and economic development, demography and migration, environmental changes and land use, changes in the ecosystems and their services, and climate change.1 While climate change can be seen as a factor that exacerbates existing vulnerabilities to other stressors, changes in temperatures, precipitation, snow accumulation, river and lake ice, and hydrological conditions also have direct implications for Northern cities. Climate change leads to a reduction in the demand for heating energy, on one hand, and heightens concerns about the fate of the infrastruc- ture built upon thawing permafrost, on the other. Changes in snowfall are particularly important and have direct implications for the urban economy, because, together with heating costs, expenses for snow removal from streets, airport runways, roofs, and ventilation spaces underneath buildings standing on pile foundations built upon perma- frost constitute the bulk of a city’s maintenance budget during the long cold period of the year. Many cities are located in river valleys and are prone to fl oods that lead to enormous economic losses, inju- ries, and in some cases human deaths. The severity of the northern climate has a direct impact on the regional migration of labor. Climate could thus potentially be viewed as an inexhaustible public resource that creates opportunities for sustainable urban development (Simp- 142 | Oleg Anisimov and Vasily Kokorev son 2009). Long-term trends show that climate as a resource is, in fact, becoming more readily available in the Russian North, notwith- standing the general perception that globally climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity in the twenty-fi rst century.
  • Arctic Marine Aviation Transportation

    Arctic Marine Aviation Transportation

    SARA FRENCh, WAlTER AND DuNCAN GORDON FOundation Response CapacityandSustainableDevelopment Arctic Transportation Infrastructure: Transportation Arctic 3-6 December 2012 | Reykjavik, Iceland 3-6 December2012|Reykjavik, Prepared for the Sustainable Development Working Group Prepared fortheSustainableDevelopment Working By InstituteoftheNorth,Anchorage, Alaska,USA PROCEEDINGS: 20 Decem B er 2012 ICElANDIC coast GuARD INSTITuTE OF ThE NORTh INSTITuTE OF ThE NORTh SARA FRENCh, WAlTER AND DuNCAN GORDON FOundation Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................ 5 Acknowledgments ......................................................................... 6 Abbreviations and Acronyms .......................................................... 7 Executive Summary ....................................................................... 8 Chapters—Workshop Proceedings................................................. 10 1. Current infrastructure and response 2. Current and future activity 3. Infrastructure and investment 4. Infrastructure and sustainable development 5. Conclusions: What’s next? Appendices ................................................................................ 21 A. Arctic vignettes—innovative best practices B. Case studies—showcasing Arctic infrastructure C. Workshop materials 1) Workshop agenda 2) Workshop participants 3) Project-related terminology 4) List of data points and definitions 5) List of Arctic marine and aviation infrastructure AlASkA DepartmENT OF ENvIRONmental
  • Yakutia) “…The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) Is the Largest Region in the Russian Federation and One of the Richest in Natural Resources

    Yakutia) “…The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) Is the Largest Region in the Russian Federation and One of the Richest in Natural Resources

    Investor's Guide to the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) “…The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is the largest region in the Russian Federation and one of the richest in natural resources. Needless to say, the stable and dynamic development of Yakutia is of key importance to both the Far Eastern Federal District and all of Russia…” President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin “One of the fundamental priorities of the Government of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is to develop comfortable conditions for business and investment activities to ensure dynamic economic growth” Head of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) Egor Borisov 2 Contents Welcome from Egor Borisov, Head of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) 5 Overview of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) 6 Interesting facts about the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) 7 Strategic priorities of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) investment policy 8 Seven reasons to start a business in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) 10 1. Rich reserves of natural resources 10 2. Significant business development potential for the extraction and processing of mineral and fossil resources 12 3. Unique geographical location 15 4. Stable credit rating 16 5. Convenient conditions for investment activity 18 6. Developed infrastructure for the support of small and medium-sized enterprises 19 7. High level of social and economic development 20 Investment infrastructure 22 Interaction with large businesses 24 Interaction with small and medium-sized enterprises 25 Other organisations and institutions 26 Practical information on doing business in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) 27 Public-Private Partnership 29 Information for small and medium-sized enterprises 31 Appendix 1.
  • Agriculture and Land Use in the North of Russia: Case Study of Karelia and Yakutia

    Agriculture and Land Use in the North of Russia: Case Study of Karelia and Yakutia

    Open Geosciences 2020; 12: 1497–1511 Transformation of Traditional Cultural Landscapes - Koper 2019 Alexey Naumov*, Varvara Akimova, Daria Sidorova, and Mikhail Topnikov Agriculture and land use in the North of Russia: Case study of Karelia and Yakutia https://doi.org/10.1515/geo-2020-0210 Keywords: Northern regions, land use, changes, agricul- received December 31, 2019; accepted November 03, 2020 tural development, agriculture, Russia, Karelia, Yakutia Abstract: Despite harsh climate, agriculture on the northern margins of Russia still remains the backbone of food security. Historically, in both regions studied in this article – the Republic of Karelia and the Republic 1 Introduction of Sakha (Yakutia) – agricultural activities as dairy - farming and even cropping were well adapted to local This article is based on the case study of two large admin – conditions including traditional activities such as horse istrative regions of Russian Federation the Republic of ( ) breeding typical for Yakutia. Using three different Karelia furthermore Karelia and the Republic of Sakha sources of information – official statistics, expert inter- (Yakutia). Territory of both regions is officially considered views, and field observations – allowed us to draw a in Russia as the Extreme North. This notion applies to the conclusion that there are both similarities and differ- whole territory of Yakutia, the largest unit of Russian ences in agricultural development and land use of these Federation and also the largest administrative region two studied regions. The differences arise from agro- worldwide with 3,084 thousand km2 land area. Five ad- climate conditions, settlement history, specialization, ministrative districts (uluses) of Yakutia have an access and spatial pattern of economy.
  • Subject of the Russian Federation)

    Subject of the Russian Federation)

    How to use the Atlas The Atlas has two map sections The Main Section shows the location of Russia’s intact forest landscapes. The Thematic Section shows their tree species composition in two different ways. The legend is placed at the beginning of each set of maps. If you are looking for an area near a town or village Go to the Index on page 153 and find the alphabetical list of settlements by English name. The Cyrillic name is also given along with the map page number and coordinates (latitude and longitude) where it can be found. Capitals of regions and districts (raiony) are listed along with many other settlements, but only in the vicinity of intact forest landscapes. The reader should not expect to see a city like Moscow listed. Villages that are insufficiently known or very small are not listed and appear on the map only as nameless dots. If you are looking for an administrative region Go to the Index on page 185 and find the list of administrative regions. The numbers refer to the map on the inside back cover. Having found the region on this map, the reader will know which index map to use to search further. If you are looking for the big picture Go to the overview map on page 35. This map shows all of Russia’s Intact Forest Landscapes, along with the borders and Roman numerals of the five index maps. If you are looking for a certain part of Russia Find the appropriate index map. These show the borders of the detailed maps for different parts of the country.
  • (Diptera: Scathophagidae) of Russia Обзор Видов Рода Trichopalpus

    (Diptera: Scathophagidae) of Russia Обзор Видов Рода Trichopalpus

    Russian Entomol. J. 28(4): 470–484 © RUSSIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL JOURNAL, 2019 A review of the genus Trichopalpus Rondani, 1856 (Diptera: Scathophagidae) of Russia Îáçîð âèäîâ ðîäà Trichopalpus Rondani, 1856 (Diptera: Scathophagidae) ôàóíû Ðîññèè A.L. Ozerov À.Ë. Îçåðîâ Zoological Museum, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Bol’shaya Nikitskaya 2, Moscow 125009, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] Зоологический музей, Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова, Большая Никитская ул., 2, Москва 125009, Россия. KEY WORDS: Diptera, Scathophagidae, Trichopalpus, Russia, review, new synonyms, new combination, key. КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА: Diptera, Scathophagidae, Trichopalpus, Россия, обзор, новые синонимы, новая комбинация, определительная таблица. ABSTRACT. Flies of the genus Trichopalpus Ron- punctipes Meigen, 1826. Becker [1894] as well as dani, 1856 of Russia, which includes 6 species, are Rondani considered these both species in the genus reviewed. Generic and species descriptions and keys Trichopalpus. Coquillett [1898] described the genus for determination of species are given, and data on Chaetosa, transferred punctipes to this genus and desi- distributions are summarized. Two new synonyms are gnated this species as type-species of Chaetosa. In the proposed: Chaetosa Coquillett, 1898 and Huckettia same work, he described another genus, Opsiomyia, Vockeroth, 1995 with Trichopalpus Rondani, 1856. with the North American species O. palpalis Coquil- Microprosopa lacteipennis Ringdahl, 1920 is trans- lett, 1898. Curran [1927] described the species nigriba- ferred to the genus Trichopalpus. sis Curran, 1927 in the genus Trichopalpus. Ringdahl [1936] described the species pilirostris Ringdahl, 1936 РЕЗЮМЕ. Дан обзор двукрылых рода Tricho- in the genus Chaetosa. He also described the subgenus palpus Rondani, 1856 фауны России, включающего Paramicroprosopa with the species subarctica Ring- 6 видов.
  • Flowchart2016bluewhite42

    Flowchart2016bluewhite42

    Air Traffic Flow Chart 2016 More Info: http://gis.icao.int Sierra Leone !e Qaanaaq Longyearbyen !e !e Grise Fiord !e Pituffik !e Svay Rieng Barrow Resolute !e !e e Pevek !e Atqasuk ! !e Point Lay e !e ! Chokurdakh Wainwright Nuiqsut Sachs Harbour Kullorsuaq Tiksi e Point!e Hope !e !e !e !e ! e !e Barter Island Nuussuaq Dikson Sashylakh Chersky ! !e Arctic Bay !e !e !e !e Keperveyem Kivalina !e Prudhoe Bay/Deadhorse !e Khatanga Ust-Kuyga !e !e e Noatak!e Ulukhaktok e Pond Inlet Innarsuit e !e !e Deputatsky ! Anaktuvuk Pass Tuktoyaktuk !e ! !e! !e Kiana !e eUpernavik !e e Arctic Village !e Kangersuatsiaq!e! Ksar Es Souk Wales !e Selawik!e ! !e Kobuk !e Paulatuk !e Aappilattoq !e Anadyr e Deering !eAmbler !e!e Bettlese Aklavik Inuvik !e Upernavik Kujalleq Heliport!e !e Teller!e !e Noorvike e ! Old Crow !e e e!e ! Hughese ! e ! Nuugaatsiaq Batagay ! Huslia ! Coldfoot !e ! Fort Mcpherson !e Samchok Nome Buckland!e !e!e Beavere Chalkyitsik e Cambridge Bay Taloyoak Clyde River !e !e !e Gambell e e Elime e !e e ! !e ! !e e e Uummannaq Qaarsut!e Olenek Indianapolis !e e ! !e !e ! Tanana ! ! ! ! !e !ee Mehamn Norilsk !e !e ! Savoonga e e!e Ruby !e Central Circle Colville Lake Kugluktuk Coppermine Igloolik !e Neerlerit Inaat !e !e e e ! eKoyuk! !e !e !e Minto e !e e !e Gjoa Haven !e Saqqaq! Ittoqqortoormiit!e Hasvike ! e Amderma ! Golovine ! !e !e ! Fort Good Hope! !e Pelly Bay Hall Beach Niaqornat!ee e e ! ! e !e Zhigansk e ! Kaltag Galena e ! ! ! Alta Berlevag Vadso! !e Emmonak Kotlik! !e ! !e Qeqertaq Heliport e !e !e e!e !e eFAI Eagle e e !