DOCSLIB.ORG

Research Articles in Interpretation and Translation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

KSU - COLT’s RAIT King Saud University Research Articles In Interpretation and Translation Issue 1 Spring 2014 - Spring 2014 2 Contents To Our Dear 4 Readers… Articles in the Field of 6 Translation RAIT MAGAZINE Articles in the Field of 171 Interpretation Issue 1, Spring 2014 Brief APA Guidelines 184 3 TO OUR DEAR READERS... RAIT is a compilation of research articles in the fields of translation and interpretation. All the articles presented in this magazine are written by a new generation of researchers; students enrolled in the "Research Methodology" course offered at the College of Languages & Translation, KSU. I am overjoyed to have been part of this wonderful research journey with my fellow research students. Their enthusiasm and dedication was beyond impressive which gives me great hope for a brighter, better-informed generation. I'm truly proud of my Spring '14's "Research Methodology" students; a huge thanks goes out to them for their great efforts. Also, my deep gratitude to Mrs. Dania and Dr. Shadia for their continued support in such endeavors. Happy reading! ~ Dina M. Al-Sibai, Course Instructor 4 5 KSU - COLT’s RAIT Difficulties in Translating Humor By Fatma El Shafie ne of the most popular human traits is having a good sense of humor. Whether read, or heard, a good joke is welcomed by most people, since a good hearty laugh can help them O forget about the negative things in their lives. As wonderful as that might be, unfortu- nately, humor can also be a cause for aggravation, tension, or even conflict if the culture behind it is not un- derstood by the receiver. Therefore, many difficulties face translators when attempting to translate humor. Maybe a good place to start is by defining humor. Attardo and Raskin define humor as: "An act per- formed through linguistic or nonlinguistic means by any of the participants. This act is the result of two in- congruous scripts. The producer of this act may or may not have had the intention of creating laughter or smile(s)." (as cited in Ziyaeemehr & Kumar, 2014, p. 92). According to this definition, there are two types of humor: linguistic and non-linguistic humor. Although translating non-linguistic humor can be hard, it is not impossible most of the time. However, translating linguistic jokes can cross the line into the realm of untranslatability. Linguistic humor relies on rhetoric in which the humorous effect comes from the witty use of the lan- guage itself (Han, 2011). This witty use of language can have many forms like the use of puns, idioms, homonyms, grammatical structures, prosodic features, etc. (Khair, 2009). A good example of a humorous remark using homophones is: "A: Please put on your clothes. I don’t want to see you in front of me without wearing anything. B: I’m wearing the perfume." (Han, 2011, p. 149). However the linguistic aspects of a sentence is not the only obstacle that faces translators; culture also plays a huge role in making the transla- tors' job harder when translating humor (Vandaele, n.d.). Indeed, there is a great amount of pressure placed upon the shoulders of translators in translating hu- mor. For instance, Thomas O'Neal stresses that professional translators must be able to identify the factors that contribute, or cause a funny effect in a text, and on top of that they must be able to recreate that effect in the target text (as cited in Tisgam, 2009). An opinion like that poses many problems because the ability to understand a joke, or a humorous remark, is fundamentally different from the ability to reproduce that funny effect, since producing such effect is a pure talent, that cannot be taught, nor learned, not to mention that the appreciation of humor differs from one person to another (Tisgam, 2009). 6 Tisgam also points to another difficulty that faces translators which is the old dilemma of whether to stay loyal to the source text or stray away from it when needed. When translators are confronted with a bad joke, they might ask themselves; is it their place to change it when translating into a funnier one? Or should they just stay loyal to the source text, and translate the bad joke as it is? This dilemma becomes even worse when some jokes that may seem "bad" are more connected to the source text's culture, which renders them unfunny after translation because the cultural aspect of the joke is missing (2009). Culture does not pose a problem in translating humor just because it sometimes cannot be trans- ferred, but because this particular culture can be ethically, and/or politically offensive to the target lan- guage's culture (Vandaele, n.d.). A joke like this: "Mom and Dad were trying to console Susie, whose dog, Skipper, had recently died. "You know," Mom said, "it's not so bad. Skipper's probably up in Heav- en right now, having a grand old time with God. "Susie stopped crying and asked, "What would God want with a dead dog?"" ("Funny Jokes," n.d.) would at the very least cause a level of uneasiness to Mus- lim translators, as to how they should go about translating such a joke. Although humor might be loved by most people, translating it surely is not a walk in the park, as some people might think. The process of translating humor involves facing many obstacles, and making many considerations to reach the best possible finished result. Translators who are placed under the pres- sure of having to reproduce humor, even though they might not have the talent to do so, have to consider the linguistic aspects of both languages, and they have to consider the cultures of both languages. References Funny Jokes | God's Dead Dog Joke | Comedy Central. (n.d.). Retrieved April 26, 2014, from http:// jokes.cc.com/funny-god-jokes/06xoz6/god-s-dead-dog Han, Q. (2011). On Untranslatability of English Linguistic Humor. Retrieved from ACADEMY PUB- LISHER website: http://ojs.academypublisher.com/index.php/tpls/article/view/0102149152 Khair M. (2009). Translating arabic jokes into english. Retrieved from Yarmouk University website: http://repository.yu.edu.jo/handle/123456789/3263 Tisgam, K. H. (2009). Translating Cultural Humour: Theory and Practice. Wasit journal for humanities, 5 (9), 79-121. Retrieved from http://www.iasj.net/iasj?func=search&query=au:%22Khalida% 20Hamid%20Tisgam%20%22&uiLanguage=en Vandaele, J. (n.d.). Humor in translation. Retrieved from University of Oslo website: http://folk.uio.no/ jeroenv/Vandaele%20Humor%20in%20Translation_proofs.pdf Ziyaeemehr, A., & Kumar, V. (2014). The Relationship between Instructor Humor Orientation and Stu- dents' Report on Second Language Learning. International Journal Of Instruction, 7(1), 91-106. 7 KSU - COLT’s RAIT Translation in Films: Subtitles By Noura S. AL-Dokhayel uman eyes and ears are useful channels for collecting information from our physical world and transducing it into sensations. Media translation is an extremely difficult pro- H cess which causes translators many problems. Rendering, for example, media into a dif- ferent language becomes even more complicated when the translator translates film dialogues for the pur- pose of dubbing or subtitling. Bruździak (2012) stressed that ”translation strategies and techniques applied in the process of humour” (p. 2). The aim here is that its dubbed and subtitled in film. In fact, a deeper look into translation in films is very difficult but it is quite interesting. There are two major types of film translation: dubbing and subtitling; each of them interferes with the original text to a different extent. On the one hand, dubbing is known to be the method that modifies the source text to a large extent and thus makes it familiar to the target audience through domestication. On the other hand, subtitling, is the form that alters the source text to the least possible extent and enables the target audience to experience the foreign language and be aware of its 'foreignness' at all times (Dries, 1995). Figure 1. An example of subtitles in movies (“Lost In Translation,” n.d.) The relationship between image and word and the interplay of the signification systems of audiovisu- al texts shows itself in terms of cohesion and coherence between the two simultaneous narratives, the visual and verbal, in such a way that the translator finds himself/herself obliged to put into practice translation strategies capable of transmitting not only the information contained in each narrative and each code –as has been noted throughout this work– but the meaning that erupts as a result of this interaction: an added value or an extra meaning that goes beyond the mere sum of both narrations (Rabiger& Cherrier, 2013). 8 The translator that carries out the synchronization of the translation, as well as the translator of subti- tles, also represents, within the translation, changes in lighting, in perspective, or in the use of color (i.e. color vs. black and white, intentional use of certain colors, conventional meaning of colors). Changes in lighting can make necessary the different uses of orthotypography in subtitling (italics in dark scenes in which we do not know the identity of the character speaking and the order of the subtitles according to the characters ap- pearance). In these cases, the translator’s solution to this problem will then be necessarily restricted or subor- dinated to this visual code (Connolly, 2002). Film translation in the era of globalization also needs to be taken into consideration. The issue of pow- er in translation seems to be especially pertinent and applicable to contemporary cinema. As a host of transla- tion scholars have agreed recently, translation does not take place between words but rather between cultures.
Recommended publications
  • 'Translating' Emotions: Nationalism in Contemporary Greek Cinema

    'Translating' Emotions: Nationalism in Contemporary Greek Cinema

    ‘Reading’ and ‘Translating’ Emotions: Nationalism in Contemporary Greek Cinema by Sophia Sakellis A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (Research) Department of Modern Greek and Byzantine Studies The Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences University of Sydney October 2016 ABSTRACT This study explores emotions related to nationalism, and their manifestations in contemporary Greek cinema. It also investigates the reasons and mechanisms giving rise to nationalism, and how it is perceived, expressed and ‘translated’ into other cultures. A core focus within the nationalist paradigm is the theme of national identity, with social exclusion ideologies such as racism operating in the background. Two contemporary Greek films have been chosen, which deal with themes of identity, nationalism, xenophobia, anger and fear in different contexts. The study is carried out by drawing on the theories of emotion, language, translation and cinema, to analyse the visual and audio components of the two films and ascertain their translatability to an Australian audience. Both films depict a similar milieu to each other, which is plagued by the lingering nature of all the unresolved political and national issues faced by the Greek nation, in addition to the economic crisis, a severe refugee crisis, and externally imposed policy issues, as well as numerous other social problems stemming from bureaucracy, red tape and widespread state-led corruption, which have resulted in massive rates of unemployment and financial hardship that have befallen a major part of the population. In spite of their topicality, the themes are universal and prevalent in a number of countries to varying degrees, as cultural borders become increasingly integrated, both socially and economically.
  • Translation: a Transcultural Activity

    Translation: a Transcultural Activity

    Translation: A transcultural activity Andrea Rossi the meaning of a source-language text through an “colere ”, which means to tend to the earth and Consultant in Medical Writing, equivalent target-language text”. 3 The Cambridge grow, or to cultivate and nurture. 8 Culture Communications, and Scientific Affairs, Nyon, definition is “something that is translated, or the encompasses the social behaviour and norms Switzerland process of translating something, from one found in human societies, as well as the know - language to another”. 4 Others define the same ledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities, and activity as “an act through which the content of a habits of the individuals in these groups. 9 The Correspondence to: text is transferred from the source language into intangible cultural heritage of each society Andrea Rossi the target language”, “a mental activity in which includes science, together with practices of R.te de St. Cergue, 6 the meaning of given linguistic discourse is political organisation and social institutions, 1260 Nyon rendered from one language to another”, or “the mythology, philosophy, and literature. 10 Humans Switzerland act of transferring the linguistic entities from one acquire culture through the processes of +41 793022845 language into their equivalents into another enculturation and socialisation, resulting in the [email protected] language”. 5 diversity of cultures across societies. In contrast to other languages, English When writing about health, translation of distinguishes between translating (a written text) scientific texts plays a special role aimed at public Abstract and interpreting (oral or signed communication education and prevention of diseases as well as Effective communication is the goal of any between users of different languages).
  • Terminological Inconsistency in Medical Translation from English Into Arabic

    Terminological Inconsistency in Medical Translation from English Into Arabic

    An-Najah National University Faculty of Graduate Studies Terminological Inconsistency in Medical Translation from English into Arabic By Heba Shaji Sa’adeh Yaseen Supervised Dr. Abdel Karim Daragmeh This Thesis is Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Master’s Degree in Applied Linguistics & Translation, Faculty of Graduate Studies at An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine. 2013 iii This thesis is dedicated to the dearest people in my life, my father, my mother, my sister Abeer, and my two brothers, Ahmad and Khaled for their constant encouragement, support and patience. iv Acknowledgement Gratitude be first to God for enlightening my way through this research. Secondly, this thesis would not have seen the light without the support and efforts of many people. I wish to express my deep gratitude to Dr. Abdel Karim Daragmeh for his guidance, support, and invaluable advice during the course of this study. His encouragement and patience made it possible to go through with this thesis. Deepest gratitude is also due to the members of the supervisory committee, Dr. Nabil Alawi and Prof. Qustandi Shomali without whose assistance, knowledge and valuable comments this study would not have been successful. I would also like to express my deepest gratitude to many people mainly Dr Anas Nabulsi, Dr. Deema Malahmeh, Dr. Mohammed Sa’adeh, and Lowiza Yaseen for their efforts and help during different stages of this thesis. Special thanks are due to my sister Abeer who is a medical student for her invaluable medical assistance. I would like to express my warmest thanks to my mother, and my two brothers for their constant support and patience, and for living with the thesis.
  • English and Translation in the European Union

    English and Translation in the European Union

    English and Translation in the European Union This book explores the growing tension between multilingualism and mono- lingualism in the European Union in the wake of Brexit, underpinned by the interplay between the rise of English as a lingua franca and the effacement of translations in EU institutions, bodies and agencies. English and Translation in the European Union draws on an interdisciplinary approach, highlighting insights from applied linguistics and sociolinguistics, translation studies, philosophy of language and political theory, while also look- ing at official documents and online resources, most of which are increasingly produced in English and not translated at all – and the ones which are translated into other languages are not labelled as translations. In analysing this data, Alice Leal explores issues around language hierarchy and the growing difficulty in reconciling the EU’s approach to promoting multilingualism while fostering monolingualism in practice through the diffusion of English as a lingua franca, as well as questions around authenticity in the translation process and the bound- aries between source and target texts. The volume also looks ahead to the impli- cations of Brexit for this tension, while proposing potential ways forward, encapsulated in the language turn, the translation turn and the transcultural turn for the EU. Offering unique insights into contemporary debates in the humanities, this book will be of interest to scholars in translation studies, applied linguistics and sociolinguistics, philosophy and political theory. Alice Leal is Senior Lecturer at the Centre for Translation Studies of the Uni- versity of Vienna, Austria. Routledge Advances in Translation and Interpreting Studies Titles in this series include: 63 English and Translation in the European Union Unity and Multiplicity in the Wake of Brexit Alice Leal 64 The (Un)Translatability of Qur’anic Idiomatic Phrasal Verbs A Contrastive Linguistic Study Ali Yunis Aldahesh 65 The Qur’an, Translation and the Media A Narrative Account Ahmed S.
  • Lexical Level Problems in Translating Texts on Preventive Medicine - a Study Based on the Book Health in These Times

    Lexical Level Problems in Translating Texts on Preventive Medicine - a Study Based on the Book Health in These Times

    Language in India www.languageinindia.com ISSN 1930-2940 20:12 December 2020 ================================================================== Language in India www.languageinindia.com ISSN 1930-2940 Vol. 20:12 December 2020 ================================================================= Lexical Level Problems in Translating Texts on Preventive Medicine - A Study Based on the Book Health In These Times Tharsika Muruganantham B.A. in Translation Studies 158B, GPS Road, Kalviyankaaadu, Jaffna, Sri Lanka 0094779257933 [email protected] ================================================================== Abstract Translation is a fundamental aspect in circulating acquaintance and fresh innovations in the medical field. It can also be a serious element in providing healthcare services to patients or laypeople. The translators of medical texts encounter numerous complications, some of which includes the subject of research. They include medical terminology, lexical equivalence of medical texts, readability, quality issues. This study presents a common overview of the problems in lexical level of medical translation. It discusses certain problems related to characteristic features of medical language and inconsistency of equivalents: terminology, medical terms, medical equipment or tools, treatment or diagnosis, drug names, scientific names etc. Translating for lay- readers and professional audiences is the next issue that is considered in this paper. Considerable attention is paid to problems in translating medical texts, and
  • A Dictionary of Translation and Interpreting

    A Dictionary of Translation and Interpreting

    1 A DICTIONARY OF TRANSLATION AND INTERPRETING John Laver and Ian Mason 1 2 This dictionary began life as part of a much larger project: The Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Speech and Language (General Editors John Laver and Ron Asher), involving nearly 40 authors and covering all fields in any way related to speech or language. The project, which from conception to completion lasted some 25 years, was finally delivered to the publisher in 2013. A contract had been signed but unfortunately, during a period of ill health of editor-in- chief John Laver, the publisher withdrew from the contract and copyright reverted to each individual contributor. Translation Studies does not lack encyclopaedic information. Dictionaries, encyclopaedias, handbooks and readers abound, offering full coverage of the field. Nevertheless, it did seem that it would be a pity that the vast array of scholarship that went into The Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Speech and Language should come to nought. Consequently, we offer this small sub-part of the entire project as a free-to-use online resource in the hope that it will prove to be of some use, at least to undergraduate and postgraduate students of translation studies – and perhaps to others too. Each entry consists of a headword, followed by a grammatical categoriser and then a first sentence that is a definition of the headword. Entries are of variable length but an attempt is made to cover all areas of Translation Studies. At the end of many entries, cross-references (in SMALL CAPITALS) direct the reader to other, related entries. Clicking on these cross- references (highlight them and then use Control and right click) sends the reader directly to the corresponding headword.
  • American Journal of Translation Studies

    American Journal of Translation Studies

    American Journal of Translation Studies ISSN: 1947-4679(Print) 1947-4687(online) Editor-in-Chief Thomas Moore Editorial Members Alexandr Zaytsev Moscow Institute of Linguistics, Russia Arianne Reimerink University of Granada, Spain Elisabeth Bladh The University of the West Indies, Barbados W.I.; Stockholm University, Sweden Mapula gaffane National Language Service, South Africa Muhammad Y Gamal The University of New South Wales, Australia Norhazlina Husin Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia Olga Egorova Astrakhan State University, Russia Ravi Kumar Indian Translators Association, India Tereza Matić Ivušić University of Dubrovnik, Croatia Yaochuan Wei Shanghai Finance University, China; Monterey Institute of International Studies, USA Published by the Connecticut Center for the Study of Languages and Cultures （ Now part of APC ） and ACADEMIC PRESS CORPORATION Volume 5, Number 2 American Journal of Translation Studies Volume 5, Number 2 Contents for June 2013 Developing a Theoretical Framework for Audiovisual Translation in Egypt Muhammad Y Gamal 1 Portfolio Evaluation of Translation: A Case Study Wen Jun 26 A Survey on Strategies Used to Translate Cultural Specific Items Aida Ferdowsifard 42 Local or Global Geopolitical Challenges? Focuses of Translator and Interpreter Training in Multicultural “Entrepreneurial Universities” - the Perspective of Russia and Central Asia Olga Egorova 55 The Six Translations into Spanish of Proust’s ‘Albertine endormie’ (from Volume V) Herbert E. Craig 66 Technical Translation, Foreignization and Dominance
  • Engaged in Translation: Fandom Production in the Latin America's Anime Community of Syncrajo

    Engaged in Translation: Fandom Production in the Latin America's Anime Community of Syncrajo

    Engaged in Translation: Fandom Production in The Latin America’s Anime Community of Syncrajo. MKVM13: Media and Communication Studies: Master’s Thesis. 2021 Faculty of Social Science, Lund University Author – Emilio González González Pliego Supervisor: Tobias Linne Examiner: Annette Hill [email protected] Word Count (21,187) Abstract Fansub (Fan-subtitled) is the term coined after the action of subtitling a foreign audio-visual production. Fansubs started being studied after the phenomenon started gaining popularity within communities of anime fans. That used them as a way of access to the products they desire to consume. Creating different opinions that range as a way of going against the “top- down corporate-driven process (using) a bottom-up consumer-driven process” (Jenkins, 2004, p.37) to remarks against their legality, as they modify and distribute a copyrighted work for free. The majority of the studies made around fansub culture revolve around the experience of anime, and until recently started researching different kinds of media, like videogames, news videos, webpages and more. Even with the existence of these studies, few researchers focus on the motifs of the fansubbers (fans that do subtitles) to start doing them. This thesis will focus on studying how the members of these groups get engaged with a product to start doing free labour using the theory of Spectrum of engagement of Hill (2019). Also interesting to this thesis. Will be the idea of appropriation to understand if the fansub does something beyond the translation to take ownership of the product fansubs re-distribute. In the last years, there has been a decrease of active fansubs, as new legal and accessible ways to get the content had been made available.
  • Cce Departamento De Língua E Literatura Estrangeiras – Dlle

    Cce Departamento De Língua E Literatura Estrangeiras – Dlle

    UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA CATARINA CENTRO DE COMUNICAÇÃO E EXPRESSÃO – CCE DEPARTAMENTO DE LÍNGUA E LITERATURA ESTRANGEIRAS – DLLE THE FANSUB ACTIVITY IN THE LEGEND OF THE SEEKER: RHYMES AS A CASE IN POINT ALISSANDER BALEMBERG Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso Florianópolis December, 2011 THE FANSUB ACTIVITY IN THE LEGEND OF THE SEEKER: RHYMES AS A CASE IN POINT Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (TCC) para a disciplina LLE7462 do Departamento de Língua e Literatura Estrangeiras do Centro de Comunicação e Expressão da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina – Curso de Letras – Língua Inglesa e Literaturas, como requisito parcial para a obtenção do título de Bacharel em Letras – Língua Inglesa e Literaturas. Orientador: Dr. Lincoln Paulo Fernandes BANCA EXAMINADORA ________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Lincoln Paulo Fernandes Orientador ________ ________________________________ Prof.ª Dr.ª Meta Elisabeth Zipser Florianópolis December, 2011 iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS These five years I have spent in the undergraduate program provided me with the most incredible and rewarding experiences in my life. However, without the support I had I would not be able to arrive at this point. Therefore, I would like to take this opportunity to thank some people that somehow helped me in this achievement: My mom Sueli Sander Balemberg and my dad Ezequiel Balemberg for supporting me emotionally and financially during these years in college; My boyfriend Henrique Salvático Barbosa for the emotional support and affection even during the late nights, weekends, and holidays. My former colleague in Dark Side Lucas de Ávila Martins, also known as deGroote, for providing me with all the details concerning the fansub activity within the Dark Side group; My advisor Prof.
  • IMIA Guide on Medical Translation

    IMIA Guide on Medical Translation

    IMIA Guide on Medical Translation By Rocío Txabarriaga, MA IMIA Member January 2009 International Medical Interpreters Association www.imiaweb.org IMIA Guide on Medical Translation Most people who work in the medical community in the United States have encountered the need to have written materials available in other languages to serve Limited English Proficiency (LEP) populations effectively. Currently, no generally accepted set of guidelines for managing translations in the medical setting is available at the national level. And while several organizations at the state level, as well as health insurance companies and non-governmental organizations have created standards and guidelines in an effort to formalize processes, none have been universally adopted. The standards set forth by the American Translators Association (ATA) have applicability in the medical field, but only at a general level. Also, there is no subject matter translation certification in the United States, and current federal law addresses the provision of language services to LEP populations without delving into the particulars The next few pages will help to: of translation quality control. • Identify the different stakeholders in the Guidelines such as the Culturally and Linguistically translation process, their roles and Appropriate Services (CLAS) standards are created responsibilities to address a specific aspect of the provision of • Clarify the role of interpreters/medical language services (in its case, the cultural aspects), practitioners with regards to translation and without a comprehensive set of universally • Include a profile of a person qualified to accepted translation standards for the medical field, undertake medical translations those involved in providing care for immigrant • Offer guidelines for managing and populations do the best they can with the standardizing the translation process information at hand.
  • Revision and Self-Revision in Medical Translation

    Revision and Self-Revision in Medical Translation

    Università degli Studi di Padova Dipartimento di Studi Linguistici e Letterari Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Lingue e Letterature Europee e Americane Classe LM-37 Tesi di Laurea Revision and Self-Revision in Medical Translation Relatrice Laureanda Prof. Maria Teresa Musacchio Costanza Mangano n° matr.1059556 / LMLLA Anno Accademico 2015 / 2016 Table of Contents ABBREVIATIONS…………………………………………………………………………..v 1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………………1 2. Theory Part I: Revision…………………………………………………………………..3 2.1 Upon the notion of revision………………………………………………………….3 2.1.1 An ambiguous term…………………………………………………………..3 2.1.2 Revision………………………………………………………………………5 2.1.3 Types of revision……………………………………………………………,,8 2.1.3.1 Classification based on the text to be revised………………………...8 2.1.3.2 Classification based on the function of the revision………………….9 2.1.4 Classification based on the number of subjects involved……………...……10 2.1.4.1 Being a reviser………………………………………………………12 2.1.4.2 Qualification and status……………………………………………..12 2.1.4.3 Competence and skills………………………………………………13 2.1.4.4 Practical aspects……………………………………………………..15 2.1.4.5 Ethics of revising……………………………………………………16 2.2 Quality in translation……………………………………………………………….19 2.2.1 Translation Quality Assessment (TQA)……………………………………..19 2.2.2 Approaches to translation quality assessment………………………………20 2.2.2.1 Subjective, response-oriented and text based approaches…………..20 2.2.2.2 The functional pragmatic model: Juliane House……………………22 2.2.2.3 Recent approaches: quality assurance………………………………29 2.3 Revision as a process……………………………………………………………….31 2.3.1 A metacognitive process within a metacognitive process…………………..31 2.3.1.1 Translation models…………..………………………………………31 2.3.1.2 Revision: different phases for problem solving……………………..32 2.3.2 Strategies for revision……………………………………………………….34 2.3.3 How to check a text…………………………………………………………36 2.3.3.1 Revision parameters………………………………………………...37 2.3.3.2 Error types and consequent changes………………………………...40 2.3.3.3 Mossop’s principles for correcting………………………………….44 3.
  • Multiple Causality of Differences in Taboo Translation of Blockbuster Films by Chinese Fansubbers and Professionals

    Multiple Causality of Differences in Taboo Translation of Blockbuster Films by Chinese Fansubbers and Professionals

    Multiple Causality of Differences in Taboo Translation of Blockbuster Films by Chinese Fansubbers and Professionals Zhengguo He Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the regulations for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Newcastle University School of Modern Languages June 2018 Acknowledgement This thesis owes its existence to the expert supervision and encouragement of my first supervisor, Dr Ya-yun Chen, who always inspired me with her insightful feedback, and my second supervisor, Dr Valerie Pellatt, whose rigorous and holistic academic thinking had a profound influence on the structure of my thesis. It has been both a privilege and a pleasure to have the opportunity to be supervised by two supportive and inspiring scholars. I am also indebted to my Annual Panel Reviewers Professor Qian Jun, Dr Michael Jin, and Dr Francis Jones for their insightful review and advice. I would also like to express my deep gratitude to my viva examiners Drs Yvonne Lee and Pauline Henry-Tierney, for their very detailed and valuable critique. My sincere thanks must go to my family and friends during my PhD studies. Special thanks should be given to my family, especially my father, Qingxiang He, for his unfailing support throughout my years in the UK and Dr Mark James for his moral support and encouragement. I would also like to extend my sincere gratitude to Dr Joseph Banks and Karen Blacker, who offered me advice regarding my English composition; and Drs Peter Avery and Damien Hall for their valuable comments on my statistical analysis. i Note on Translation and Transliteration All translations from Chinese in this thesis are mine, unless otherwise noted.