DOCSLIB.ORG

A Dictionary of Translation and Interpreting

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Dictionary of Translation and Interpreting 1 A DICTIONARY OF TRANSLATION AND INTERPRETING John Laver and Ian Mason 1 2 This dictionary began life as part of a much larger project: The Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Speech and Language (General Editors John Laver and Ron Asher), involving nearly 40 authors and covering all fields in any way related to speech or language. The project, which from conception to completion lasted some 25 years, was finally delivered to the publisher in 2013. A contract had been signed but unfortunately, during a period of ill health of editor-in- chief John Laver, the publisher withdrew from the contract and copyright reverted to each individual contributor. Translation Studies does not lack encyclopaedic information. Dictionaries, encyclopaedias, handbooks and readers abound, offering full coverage of the field. Nevertheless, it did seem that it would be a pity that the vast array of scholarship that went into The Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Speech and Language should come to nought. Consequently, we offer this small sub-part of the entire project as a free-to-use online resource in the hope that it will prove to be of some use, at least to undergraduate and postgraduate students of translation studies – and perhaps to others too. Each entry consists of a headword, followed by a grammatical categoriser and then a first sentence that is a definition of the headword. Entries are of variable length but an attempt is made to cover all areas of Translation Studies. At the end of many entries, cross-references (in SMALL CAPITALS) direct the reader to other, related entries. Clicking on these cross- references (highlight them and then use Control and right click) sends the reader directly to the corresponding headword. Occasionally, towards the end of an entry, synonyms (syn) or antonyms (ant) are offered. At the very end of each entry, initials indicate the contributor: JL = John Laver, IM = Ian Mason, JEM = Jim Miller. Inevitably, even the definitions themselves are to some extent subjective and reflect the general outlook of the authors (we do not subscribe to an essentialist view of language and meaning). We have endeavoured to be catholic in taste and eclectic in our coverage. All shortcomings are, of course, our own. Finally, a word of thanks to others who have assisted us. Prof. Jim Miller generously donated some entries from his Pragmatics sub-dictionary and has been supportive throughout. Other members of the editorial team, Profs. Mike MacMahon and Ron Asher, and Sandy Laver on behalf of Prof. John Laver, also encouraged us to bring this work to fruition. And my partner Miranda Stewart, translator, interpreter and erstwhile academic, has shared her expertise – both intellectual and technological - with me. To all, a big thank you. Ian Mason, November 2018 2 3 A-language n. an interpreter’s language of habitual use (most commonly the native language), preferred in either simultaneous or consecutive interpreting. An interpreter’s B- language is the foreign language at a high level of near-native skill, which can be used with equal facility as either a source-language or a target-language. A C-language is one that an interpreter can use only as a source language, without the ability to produce acceptable appropriate speech in that language. The same usages are also relevant for tasks of textual translation. JL abstracting => CONDENSING. abusive fidelity => ABUSIVE TRANSLATION. abusive translation n. a mode of translation that abandons the usual objective of creating a text that reads as if it were a domestic product of the target rather than the source culture. It instead deliberately incorporates elements that emphasise its foreign origin (particularly such elements that are to some degree incompatible with the dominant cultural values in the target language). In a perhaps yet more ‘abusive’ practice, elements are adopted that better fit the translator’s own ideological approach to the topic of the original. The motive for this forceful, sometimes violent treatment of the translation is experimental and provocative. It is usually aimed in part at bringing into question the normally-unquestioned values of the target culture by foregrounding the difference between the assumptions of the source text and those typifying the domestic culture. The concept was introduced in 1980 by Philip E. Lewis, the US translation theorist and an early translator of works by Jacques Derrida (1930-2004), the Algerian-born French literary philosopher. The US translation theorist Lawrence Venuti in 1995 called such a translation strategy resistancy because of its challenge to the cultural assumptions of the target language. A well-known instance is the term ‘terrorist’ in one culture being translated by a different culture as ‘freedom fighter’. An illuminating example of abusive translations arising from the need to reflect different ideological requirements is given by the US translation theorist Edwin Gentzler. He describes the clash of ideologies about appropriate translations in his account of the peace talks between the Mexican Government and the Zapatistas in 1995-96. Concepts such as ‘land’, ‘autonomy’, democracy’ and ‘representation’ took on quite different meanings ‘depending upon the different languages and cultures into which they were translated’. syn. neo-literal translation, foreignised translation, abusive fidelity. The first phrase was coined in 1993 by Marilyn Gaddis Rose, the US comparative literature and translation scholar, and the last two in 1995 by Lawrence Venuti. JL 3 4 acceptability n. the quality of a translated text that meets its readers’ expectations in terms of cohesion, coherence and relevance. Such acceptability (to native readers of the target language) is scalar. JL accessibility n. the quality of a translated product that has been produced in such a way that it becomes available to those with certain physical disabilities. The provision of (intra-lingual) subtitles or of sign-language interpreting for the Deaf and hard-of-hearing, and of audio description for those with sight impairment improves access to audio-visual products. Braille transcriptions, although not translations in the normal sense, also fall into the category of improving access. syn. inclusion. => INTERLINGUAL TRANSLATION, RE- SPEAKING SUBTITLING. IM accuracy n. the degree to which the specific information content of a target text matches that of the source text. A translation that succeeds in satisfying this constraint is often very difficult to achieve, because in a fully accurate translation the target text has to include the information content contributed by every single linguistic unit in the source text, at whatever level. An accurate translation in this sense is most likely to consist of a literal, word-by-word translation, and even then, depending on the complexity of the source text, the translator may be unable to avoid resorting to some minimum number of linguistic shifts. Fully accurate translations thus seldom deliver idiomatically fluent target texts. The evaluation of the accuracy of the translation is also difficult to establish, having to take account of the same constraint on full information-matching in the source and target texts. => LITERAL TRANSLATION. JL activism in translation n. a movement which is critical of the traditional assumption of the neutrality of translators and interpreters and calls for socio-political engagement in both the theory and practice of translation and interpreting, placing them at the service of the whole of society and not just of those who wield power and control. => BABELS, ECOS, ETHICS OF TRANSLATION AND INTERPRETING, GRANADA DECLARATION, HUMAN RIGHTS AND TRANSLATION. IM actor-network theory n. an exploration of the way in which social networks are created, maintained, transformed or dissolved through the experience of participants themselves. Such networks constantly evolve in ever-changing relationships among the actors. The latter may be either human or non-human (ideas and processes, or institutions, for example). The term is associated with the work of Bruno Latour, the French philosopher and sociologist. The theory differs from that of Pierre Bourdieu in that it denies any a priori positing of social forces as explanations of social relationships. In translation studies, actor-network 4 5 theory has been seen as a way of exploring the relationships between participants in any act of translation, through accounts provided by the actors themselves. In this sense, it is more of a method than a theory, showing similarities with ethnomethodology. => BOURDIEUSIAN THEORY OF TRANSLATION AND INTERPRETING. IM AD abbrev. audio description. adaptation1 n. the general process and result of translation where close fidelity to the original text has been subordinated to suitability for particular target readers, such as children. A more diffuse example is the adaptation of a play from a foreign language where the sequential pattern of the plot may have been closely respected but where the verbal translation has been adjusted for a better fit to the cultural assumptions of the target audience. This sense of ‘adaptation’ was listed in 1958 by the French-Canadian linguists and specialists in stylistics and translation studies Jean-Paul Vinay (1910-99) and Jean Darbelnet (1904-90) as one of their seven types of translation procedure. Another of their procedures, but using the same term in a different sense, was adaptation2, concerning the result of translation when, because a particular concept in the source text has no exact counterpart in the culture of the target readers, an only approximately comparable meaning has been used in the translated text. An instance would be translating the hyperbole of the US English ‘World Series’ (the competition between the two leading baseball leagues in the United States) into the more restrained implication of the French expression ‘championnat national’. => TRANSLATION PROCEDURE. JL adaptation2 => ADAPTATION1. addressee => AUDIENCE. adequacy1 n. fitness for purpose. A translation may be described as adequate if it reflects a source text in ways which are commensurate with the purpose specified in the translation commission.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Some Basic Challenges and Strategies in Teaching Translation to Chemistry Majors Iazyka (Pp
    Training, Language and Culture doi: 10.29366/2018tlc.2.3.4 Volume 2 Issue 3, 2018 rudn.tlcjournal.org Some basic challenges and strategies in teaching translation to Chemistry majors iazyka (pp. 48-56). Moscow: Agraf. Svetovidova, I. V. (2000). Perenos znacheniia i ego ontologiia by Elena E. Aksenova and Svetlana N. Orlova Schwanke, M. (1991). Maschinelle Übersetzung: v angliiskom i russkom iazykakh [Transfer of meaning Klärungsversuch eines unklaren Begriffs [Machine and its ontology in English and Russian]. Moscow: Elena E. Aksenova Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO University) [email protected] translation: Clarifying the unclear term]. In Lomonosov Moscow State University. Maschinelle Übersetzung (pp. 47-67). Berlin, Toury, G. (2012). Descriptive translation studies and beyond: Svetlana N. Orlova Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) [email protected] Heidelberg: Springer. Revised edition (Vol. 100). John Benjamins Publishing. Published in Training, Language and Culture Vol 2 Issue 3 (2018) pp. 71-85 doi: 10.29366/2018tlc.2.3.5 Schweitzer, A. D. (1988). Teoriia perevoda: Status, problemy, Venuti, L. (2017). The translator’s invisibility: A history of Recommended citation format: Aksenova, E. E., & Orlova, S. N. (2018). Some basic challenges and strategies in aspekty [Theory of translation: Status, issues, aspects]. translation. Routledge. teaching translation to Chemistry majors. Training, Language and Culture, 2(3), 71-85. doi: Moscow: Nauka. Vinay, J. P., & Darbelnet, J. (1958). Stylistique comparée de Shaitanov, I. (2009). Perevodim li Pushkin? Perevod kak l’anglais et du français [Stylistic comparison of English 10.29366/2018tlc.2.3.5 komparativnaia problema [Is Pushkin translatable? and French]. Paris and Montreal: Didier/Beauchemin.
    [Show full text]
  • 'Translating' Emotions: Nationalism in Contemporary Greek Cinema
    ‘Reading’ and ‘Translating’ Emotions: Nationalism in Contemporary Greek Cinema by Sophia Sakellis A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (Research) Department of Modern Greek and Byzantine Studies The Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences University of Sydney October 2016 ABSTRACT This study explores emotions related to nationalism, and their manifestations in contemporary Greek cinema. It also investigates the reasons and mechanisms giving rise to nationalism, and how it is perceived, expressed and ‘translated’ into other cultures. A core focus within the nationalist paradigm is the theme of national identity, with social exclusion ideologies such as racism operating in the background. Two contemporary Greek films have been chosen, which deal with themes of identity, nationalism, xenophobia, anger and fear in different contexts. The study is carried out by drawing on the theories of emotion, language, translation and cinema, to analyse the visual and audio components of the two films and ascertain their translatability to an Australian audience. Both films depict a similar milieu to each other, which is plagued by the lingering nature of all the unresolved political and national issues faced by the Greek nation, in addition to the economic crisis, a severe refugee crisis, and externally imposed policy issues, as well as numerous other social problems stemming from bureaucracy, red tape and widespread state-led corruption, which have resulted in massive rates of unemployment and financial hardship that have befallen a major part of the population. In spite of their topicality, the themes are universal and prevalent in a number of countries to varying degrees, as cultural borders become increasingly integrated, both socially and economically.
    [Show full text]
  • Translation: an Advanced Resource Book
    TRANSLATION Routledge Applied Linguistics is a series of comprehensive resource books, providing students and researchers with the support they need for advanced study in the core areas of English language and Applied Linguistics. Each book in the series guides readers through three main sections, enabling them to explore and develop major themes within the discipline: • Section A, Introduction, establishes the key terms and concepts and extends readers’ techniques of analysis through practical application. • Section B, Extension, brings together influential articles, sets them in context, and discusses their contribution to the field. • Section C, Exploration, builds on knowledge gained in the first two sections, setting thoughtful tasks around further illustrative material. This enables readers to engage more actively with the subject matter and encourages them to develop their own research responses. Throughout the book, topics are revisited, extended, interwoven and deconstructed, with the reader’s understanding strengthened by tasks and follow-up questions. Translation: • examines the theory and practice of translation from a variety of linguistic and cultural angles, including semantics, equivalence, functional linguistics, corpus and cognitive linguistics, text and discourse analysis, gender studies and post- colonialism • draws on a wide range of languages, including French, Spanish, German, Russian and Arabic • explores material from a variety of sources, such as the Internet, advertisements, religious texts, literary and technical texts • gathers together influential readings from the key names in the discipline, including James S. Holmes, George Steiner, Jean-Paul Vinay and Jean Darbelnet, Eugene Nida, Werner Koller and Ernst-August Gutt. Written by experienced teachers and researchers in the field, Translation is an essential resource for students and researchers of English language and Applied Linguistics as well as Translation Studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Study on the Size of the Language Industry in the EU
    Studies on translation and multilingualism o The size of the language industry in the EU European Commission Directorate-General for Translation 1/2009 Manuscript completed on 17th August 2009 ISBN 978-92-79-14181-2 © European Commission, 2009 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. %R7`V]Q` Q .V 1`VH Q`: VVJV`:C`Q``:JC: 1QJ Q` .V%`Q]V:J QII11QJ !1J:C0V`1QJ R$R% %R7QJ .V1<VQ` .VC:J$%:$V1JR% `71J .V .%$% .V:J$%:$VVH.JQCQ$7VJ `V R R 1J$ QJ1CC 1J$ QJ%]QJ.:IV %``V7 J1 VR1J$RQI 1118C:J$ VH.8HQ8%@ % .Q`7 `8R`1:JV 1JH.V.::.#1JQI]% : 1QJ:C1J$%1 1H``QI%QJJJ10V`1 75(V`I:J78 .V `Q%JRVR .V :J$%:$V VH.JQCQ$7 VJ `V ^_ 1J 5 : C1I1 VR HQI]:J7 G:VR 1J QJRQJ :JR 1JHQ`]Q`: VR 1J :.1J$ QJ #8 .J /]`1C 5 GVH:IV ]:` Q` : $`Q%] Q` HQI]:J1V%JRV` .V%IG`VCC:Q`/12#.3( R11 .#`811JH.V:I:=Q`1 7.:`V.QCRV`8 JRV`#`811JH.V;CV:RV`.1]5HQJ 1J%V QQ]V`: V::I%C 1C1J$%:CHQJ%C :JH75V`01HV :JRQ` 1:`VR1 `1G% 1QJHQI]:J71.V`V:Q` 1:`VRV1$J5RV0VCQ]IVJ :JR%]]Q` 1: `:J`V``VR Q/$1CVVGQC% 1QJ R811 .Q``1HV1JQJRQJ:JR%QJJ5(V`I:J78 #`8 11JH.V HQRQ`R1J: V 1J V`J:C :JR 7 `%JRVR `VV:`H. :JR RV0VCQ]IVJ ]`Q=VH 5 I:`@V %R1V:JR `1:C8.V1::]]Q1J VRV0:C%: Q``Q`V0V`:C:CC`Q``Q]Q:CQ` .V 7%`Q]V:JQII11QJ5:JR`V01V1V``Q`V0V`:C7]`Q=VH V0:C%: 1QJ8 :R1:1Q` V`:R:JQ 1;]`Q`1CV1JHC%RV:%H1J.71H:JR/R0:JHVRVH.JQCQ$1V]%`%VR : .VJ10V`1 1V Q` 8`V1G%`$ ^(V`I:J7_ :JR 1VJ: ^.
    [Show full text]
  • 6 the Affront Of
    6 The Affront of UntranslatabilityDavid GramlingThe Affront of Untranslatability Ten Scenarios David Gramling I too am not a bit tamed, I too am untranslatable. —(Walt Whitman, “Song of Myself”) Non que je cultive l’intraduisible. —(Jacques Derrida, Le Monolinguisme de l’autre: 100) Untranslatability is, already on the face of it, a less-than-amicable dis- course, prone to offence and to disturbing interdisciplinary peace. Now a century and a half since Whitman’s penning of “Song of Myself,” so- called Untranslatables continue to “sound [their] barbaric yawp over the roofs of the world,” whether or not they are appreciated when and where they do so (Whitman [1855] 2016: 183). This chapter is devoted not to repairing the word untranslatability’s accumulated impertinences, but to canvassing a range of typical scenarios that, when viewed collectively, might account for the social effrontery inherent in untranslatability as a concept, a charge or a gesture. This is thus not an apologetic exploration, nor one that sets out to delimit the phenomenon of untranslatability as such—as so many other thoughtful investigations in this book do—but is rather an attempt to understand the complex, even chaotic illocutionary force that calling something “untranslatable” routinely unleashes in vari- ous scholarly and everyday conversations. To the extent that the reader agrees with the notion that effrontery is somehow immanent in the word untranslatable, and that a variety of typical scenarios of affront collude with one another to intensify for the word an arch and casuistic aura, we may then consider whether the concept of untranslatability is—despite itself—still capable of holding water in scholarly work, cultural politics and indeed activism, and whether any modest adjustments might miti- gate its performative excesses thus far.
    [Show full text]
  • The Significance of Anime As a Novel Animation Form, Referencing Selected Works by Hayao Miyazaki, Satoshi Kon and Mamoru Oshii
    The significance of anime as a novel animation form, referencing selected works by Hayao Miyazaki, Satoshi Kon and Mamoru Oshii Ywain Tomos submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Aberystwyth University Department of Theatre, Film and Television Studies, September 2013 DECLARATION This work has not previously been accepted in substance for any degree and is not being concurrently submitted in candidature for any degree. Signed………………………………………………………(candidate) Date …………………………………………………. STATEMENT 1 This dissertation is the result of my own independent work/investigation, except where otherwise stated. Other sources are acknowledged explicit references. A bibliography is appended. Signed………………………………………………………(candidate) Date …………………………………………………. STATEMENT 2 I hereby give consent for my dissertation, if accepted, to be available for photocopying and for inter-library loan, and for the title and summary to be made available to outside organisations. Signed………………………………………………………(candidate) Date …………………………………………………. 2 Acknowledgements I would to take this opportunity to sincerely thank my supervisors, Elin Haf Gruffydd Jones and Dr Dafydd Sills-Jones for all their help and support during this research study. Thanks are also due to my colleagues in the Department of Theatre, Film and Television Studies, Aberystwyth University for their friendship during my time at Aberystwyth. I would also like to thank Prof Josephine Berndt and Dr Sheuo Gan, Kyoto Seiko University, Kyoto for their valuable insights during my visit in 2011. In addition, I would like to express my thanks to the Coleg Cenedlaethol for the scholarship and the opportunity to develop research skills in the Welsh language. Finally I would like to thank my wife Tomoko for her support, patience and tolerance over the last four years – diolch o’r galon Tomoko, ありがとう 智子.
    [Show full text]
  • Welsh Language Technology Action Plan Progress Report 2020 Welsh Language Technology Action Plan: Progress Report 2020
    Welsh language technology action plan Progress report 2020 Welsh language technology action plan: Progress report 2020 Audience All those interested in ensuring that the Welsh language thrives digitally. Overview This report reviews progress with work packages of the Welsh Government’s Welsh language technology action plan between its October 2018 publication and the end of 2020. The Welsh language technology action plan derives from the Welsh Government’s strategy Cymraeg 2050: A million Welsh speakers (2017). Its aim is to plan technological developments to ensure that the Welsh language can be used in a wide variety of contexts, be that by using voice, keyboard or other means of human-computer interaction. Action required For information. Further information Enquiries about this document should be directed to: Welsh Language Division Welsh Government Cathays Park Cardiff CF10 3NQ e-mail: [email protected] @cymraeg Facebook/Cymraeg Additional copies This document can be accessed from gov.wales Related documents Prosperity for All: the national strategy (2017); Education in Wales: Our national mission, Action plan 2017–21 (2017); Cymraeg 2050: A million Welsh speakers (2017); Cymraeg 2050: A million Welsh speakers, Work programme 2017–21 (2017); Welsh language technology action plan (2018); Welsh-language Technology and Digital Media Action Plan (2013); Technology, Websites and Software: Welsh Language Considerations (Welsh Language Commissioner, 2016) Mae’r ddogfen yma hefyd ar gael yn Gymraeg. This document is also available in Welsh.
    [Show full text]
  • 82 Post-Editing of Machine Translation Output
    Matej Kovačević, Post-editing of MT output Hieronymus 1 (2014), 82-104 POST-EDITING OF MACHINE TRANSLATION OUTPUT WITH AND WITHOUT SOURCE TEXT Matej Kovačević Abstract Post-editing of machine translation output is a practice which aims to speed up translation production. There is still no agreement on whether post-editors should have access to the source text of the translations they are post-editing. The aim of this paper is to see how access to source text influences post-editors’ quality of work and their speed. An experiment was conducted among 22 graduate students of English, who post-edited two translations produced by Google Translate. The subjects were divided into two groups, with access to the source text for only one of the translations. Task duration and the number of corrected errors in the MT output were measured. Types of errors were further analysed. Contrary to expectations, access to source text was found not to have a considerable impact on speed. As expected, it did have an impact on the quality of the final translation. 1. Introduction Machine translation (MT) systems have been available to translators for 60 years, but they still cannot produce perfect translations. This is the reason why people are still apprehensive when it comes to using such systems. The development of MT systems has introduced a practice called post-editing of MT output whereby a machine translates the text and the translator (post-editor) revises the translation. This paper will explore that practice, more specifically the issue of whether the post-editor should have access to the source text (ST) when post-editing a translation.
    [Show full text]
  • Germanic Standardizations: Past to Present (Impact: Studies in Language and Society)
    <DOCINFO AUTHOR ""TITLE "Germanic Standardizations: Past to Present"SUBJECT "Impact 18"KEYWORDS ""SIZE HEIGHT "220"WIDTH "150"VOFFSET "4"> Germanic Standardizations Impact: Studies in language and society impact publishes monographs, collective volumes, and text books on topics in sociolinguistics. The scope of the series is broad, with special emphasis on areas such as language planning and language policies; language conflict and language death; language standards and language change; dialectology; diglossia; discourse studies; language and social identity (gender, ethnicity, class, ideology); and history and methods of sociolinguistics. General Editor Associate Editor Annick De Houwer Elizabeth Lanza University of Antwerp University of Oslo Advisory Board Ulrich Ammon William Labov Gerhard Mercator University University of Pennsylvania Jan Blommaert Joseph Lo Bianco Ghent University The Australian National University Paul Drew Peter Nelde University of York Catholic University Brussels Anna Escobar Dennis Preston University of Illinois at Urbana Michigan State University Guus Extra Jeanine Treffers-Daller Tilburg University University of the West of England Margarita Hidalgo Vic Webb San Diego State University University of Pretoria Richard A. Hudson University College London Volume 18 Germanic Standardizations: Past to Present Edited by Ana Deumert and Wim Vandenbussche Germanic Standardizations Past to Present Edited by Ana Deumert Monash University Wim Vandenbussche Vrije Universiteit Brussel/FWO-Vlaanderen John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam/Philadelphia TM The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements 8 of American National Standard for Information Sciences – Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ansi z39.48-1984. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Germanic standardizations : past to present / edited by Ana Deumert, Wim Vandenbussche.
    [Show full text]
  • Evading Frames: D'antin Van Rooten's Homophonic Mother Goose
    Document generated on 10/02/2021 8 a.m. TTR Traduction, terminologie, rédaction Evading Frames: D’Antin van Rooten’s Homophonic Mother Goose Hors-cadre : la traduction homophonique de Mother Goose de d’Antin van Rooten Ryan Fraser Méthodologie de la recherche en traductologie : applications Article abstract Applied Research Methods in Translation Studies In 1967, American dialect actor Luis d’Antin van Rooten published his Volume 25, Number 1, 1er semestre 2012 now-classic Mots d’Heures: Gousses, Rames, a non-organic arrangement of French-language words and phrases designed to approximate the speech URI: https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/1015347ar sounds of Mother Goose Rhymes. Though much read and imitated, these DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/1015347ar homophonic translations have largely evaded theoretical focus. Perhaps this is because their unique structuring allows them to evade anchorage in any specific contextual frame, and to send up the researcher’s own efforts toward See table of contents contextualization, which has been prescribed as the methodological “first step” in Translation Studies since the Cultural Turn. Presented here, first of all, is a search for the potential frames of the Mots d’Heures–biographical, Publisher(s) inter-textual, cinematic. These homophonic translations, I will then contend with reference to Jean-Jacques Lecercle (1990), exist to defy these frames by Association canadienne de traductologie collapsing together, at the phono-articulate level, the target text with its most obvious context: the English-language source. Finally, I would contend, this ISSN collapse exemplifies the phenomena of “weaning,” “trans-contextual drift,” and 0835-8443 (print) “remainder” argued by Derrida (1988) as the enduring property of the 1708-2188 (digital) signifying structure.
    [Show full text]
  • Translation Loss in Translation of the Glorious Quran, with Special Reference to Verbal Similarity
    Translation Loss in Translation of the Glorious Quran, with Special Reference to Verbal Similarity Batoul Ahmed Omer Translation Loss in Translation of the Glorious Quran, with Special Reference to Verbal Similarity Batoul Ahmed Omer Abstract The process of translation is highly delicate and extremely difficult task to undertake when it deals with the translation of the Quran which, of course, transforms the Quran as the WORD of Allah into Arabic to the speech of a human being in another language. Translations of the Quran into all languages are indispensable to communicate the Divine message to Non-Arabic Muslims as well as Non-Muslims around the world. Nowadays, numerous translations are available for non-Arabic speakers. Many English translations have been widely criticized for their inability to capture the intended meaning of Quranic words and expressions. These translations proved the inimitability of the Qur'anic discourse that employs extensive and complex syntactical and rhetoric features and that linguistically the principle of absolute untranslatability applies to the Quran. Consequently, partial or complete grammatical and semantic losses are encountered in translation due to the lack of some of these features in English. These translation losses is particularly apparent in translation of verbal similarity in the Quranic verses, as an abundant phenomenon in the Quran, in the form of over-, under-, or mistranslation of a source text (ST). This study attempted to investigate these translation losses in the translation of the Holy Quran focusing on verbal similarity as an impressive way of expression and a rhetorical figure widely used in the Quran. Qualitative descriptive approach was adopted to analyze the data extracted from among the best known translations of the Quran, (Abdallah Yusuf Ali 1973) Translation of the Meaning of the Glorious Quran into English and Pickthall’s (1930) The Meaning of the Holy Quran and Arthur John Arberry (1905-1969) The Koran Interpreted.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to the Paratext Author(S): Gérard Genette and Marie Maclean Source: New Literary History, Vol
    Introduction to the Paratext Author(s): Gérard Genette and Marie Maclean Source: New Literary History, Vol. 22, No. 2, Probings: Art, Criticism, Genre (Spring, 1991), pp. 261-272 Published by: The Johns Hopkins University Press Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/469037 Accessed: 11-01-2019 17:12 UTC JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at https://about.jstor.org/terms The Johns Hopkins University Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to New Literary History This content downloaded from 128.227.202.135 on Fri, 11 Jan 2019 17:12:58 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Introduction to the Paratext* Gerard Genette HE LITERARY WORK consists, exhaustively or essentially, of a text, that is to say (a very minimal definition) in a more or less lengthy sequence of verbal utterances more or less con- taining meaning. But this text rarely appears in its naked state, without the reinforcement and accompaniment of a certain number of productions, themselves verbal or not, like an author's name, a title, a preface, illustrations. One does not always know if one should consider that they belong to the text or not, but in any case they surround it and prolong it, precisely in order to present it, in the usual sense of this verb, but also in its strongest meaning: to make it present, to assure its presence in the world, its "reception" and its consumption, in the form, nowadays at least, of a book.
    [Show full text]