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Case Study: Pearl River Tower, Guangzhou, China ctbuh.org/papers Title: Case Study: Pearl River Tower, Guangzhou, China Authors: Roger Frechette, Director of Sustainable Engineering, Skidmore, Owings & Merrill Russell Gilchrist, Director of Technical Architecture, Skidmore, Owings & Merrill Subjects: Architectural/Design Building Case Study Sustainability/Green/Energy Keywords: Embodied Energy Energy Consumption Façade Sustainability Publication Date: 2008 Original Publication: CTBUH 2008 8th World Congress, Dubai Paper Type: 1. Book chapter/Part chapter 2. Journal paper 3. Conference proceeding 4. Unpublished conference paper 5. Magazine article 6. Unpublished © Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat / Roger Frechette; Russell Gilchrist ‘Towards Zero Energy’ A Case Study of the Pearl River Tower, Guangzhou, China Roger E. Frechette III, PE, LEED-AP1 and Russell Gilchrist, RIBA2 1Director of Sustainable Engineering, 2Director of Technical Architecture, Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, LLP, Chicago, IL, USA Abstract Architects and engineers have a significant responsibility to ensure that the design and execution of all new construction projects be of the ‘lightest touch’ in both energy consumption, real and embodied, to ensure the longevity of the precious natural resources remain on this planet. The goal to achieve ‘carbon neutrality’ is quite possibly the single most important issue facing architects and engineers today, given the empirical evidence that construction projects far outstrip both industry and transportation as the largest contributors to carbon emissions in the world. This paper will attempt to both define what is meant by ‘carbon neutral’ in the context of building design as well as using the case study to demonstrate how such an approach might be achieved it examines the challenges of achieving a net zero energy building, both from an energy consumption perspective as well as the embodied energy of the construction. It discusses the level of control architects and engineersroger.frechette@ can exert during the processrussell.gilchrist@ of building som.com som.com Rogerprocurement Frechette and construction as well as examining what post-construction measures can be employed. This latter point Rogeris a key Frechette issue in is validatingthe Director the in designcharge ofambitions sustainable and engineering provides a inuseful the Chicago tool to benchmarkOffice of Skidmore, and improve Owings upon & futureMerrill LLP.projects. He is a registered professional and mechanical engineer with 20 years of experience. Mr.Keywords Frechette: tall is buildings, currently sustainability, leading the carbon engineering neutral, teamenergy of consumption, the Burj Dubai, embodied which energy is planned as the world’s tallest build- ing, as well as the “zero-energy,” high-performance concept Pearl River Tower in Guangzhou, China. His work includes a diverse group of projects, ranging from laboratories, airports, hospitals, academic buildings and corporate offices to governmentIntroduction buildings and museums. A Community may be defined as a city, town, The industrialization of the world has led to great region, neighborhood or any other assemblage of Mr.innovation, Frechette great is a Seniortechnological Fellow withadvances the Design and powerfulFutures Council, interacting a global populations. network of designAn existing community community professionals. requires Additionally,national economies. Mr. Frechette It has frequentlyalso resulted speaks in anat aincredible number of educationala certain seminarsquantity ofon “Greenenergy Engineering.”for it to operate properly. appetite for energy. Massive consumption of fossil fuels This energy is consumed by transportation, industry, Previoushas sharply accomplishments increased levels include of carbon his 2001 dioxide design (CO2) of the in National utilities Wildlife and buildings. Foundation Headquarters Building in Reston, Virginia,our atmosphere voted by resulting the American in a steady, Institute but of rapid Architects warming (AIA) as one of the “Top 10” sustainable buildings in the United States.of the Inplant. 2002, The he impact co-authored of this a man-made document knownenvironmental as the “Nantucket We Principals,” have defined which “netfocuses zero on energy”the trends for and a issuesnew thatshift will is not influence yet fully green understood, building however, and sustainable many scientists design in thebuilding future. Inas 2004,a structure Mr. Frechette that doe sreceived not require United an increaseStates Con in- gressionalbelieve the recognition results may for be his catastrophic. work in building sustainability. the community’s need to produce energy. By keeping There are many contributing factors to that have this power generation capacity stable, or potentially even Russelladded to Gilchrist this crisis. Automobiles and industry have had decreasing this threshold, the city can grow, expand, Witha major more thanimpact 23 yearson CO2 of experience emissions; in thehowever, European CO2 architecture increase industry, its densityRussell Gilchristand prosper recently without joined the the needChicago to Officeemissions of Skidmore,associated Owingswith the & builtMerrill environment LLP. In 2000, exceed Mr. Gilchristconsume was Projectadditional Architect fossil for fuels, the 88avoiding Wood Street the potentialproject for Daiwaboth transportation Securities in London,and industry winner as of thea RIBA single Award, greatest Civic Trustincrease Award in andharmful nominated greenhouse for the Stirlinggasses emittedPrize Award to the for thecontributor best building to globalin the UK.warming. It is imperative that atmosphere. architects and engineers find ways to design buildings to Mr.decrease Gilchrist the worksamount in of collaboration energy consumed with SOMin construction Partners and projectCHINA: teams to improve design solutions through the use ofand building to limit science. the amount He isof also CO2 responsible emissions forgenerated the development from of workingThe city drawings of Guangzhou, and construction China experiences phase services some forof severalthese buildings complex bothprojects. under construction and when in use. the worst air pollution on the planet. China’s growing economy has increased their energy consumption; this in Mr.DEFINING Gilchrist works‘NET withZERO’ the Director in charge of sustainable engineeringturn has lead to integrateto a rapid technological increase in carbon and sustainable emissions. strate This- gies intoThe all SOMPearl projects.River Currently,Tower, Guangzhou, Mr. Gilchrist China,is involved year in severalChina isprojects predicted including to pass Pearl the RiverUnited Tower, States a as ‘zero- the energy’designed concept by Skidmore, tower in OwingsGuangzhou, & Merrill China, LLPNorth (SOM) Bund Jinganglargest Plaza, emitter a mixed-use of greenhouse development gasses in in the Shanghai, world. ChinaChina, theaims Dallas to be City the Performance most energy Hall, efficient a community super tall theatre tower within 750-seatconsumes music more hall than and 500flexible million space kilowatts for theatre of electricityand dance, andthe theworld. University The intent of North of theCarolina design Genome is to drive Science towards Laboratory, each a year.state-of-the-art It is clear “green” that in research China, laboratoryas well as which other is planned“net zero to energy”be LEED® and Gold to pursue certified. carbon neutrality for the developing countries around the world, need to find a project. way to curb their appetites for energy consumption and to find ways to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide by CTBUH 8th World Congress 2008 1 ‘Towards Zero Energy’ A Case Study of the Pearl River Tower, Guangzhou, China Roger E. Frechette III, PE, LEED-AP1 and Russell Gilchrist, RIBA2 1Director of Sustainable Engineering, 2Director of Technical Architecture, Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, LLP, Chicago, IL, USA Abstract Architects and engineers have a significant responsibility to ensure that the design and execution of all new construction projects be of the ‘lightest touch’ in both energy consumption, real and embodied, to ensure the longevity of the precious natural resources remain on this planet. The goal to achieve ‘carbon neutrality’ is quite possibly the single most important issue facing architects and engineers today, given the empirical evidence that construction projects far outstrip both industry and transportation as the largest contributors to carbon emissions in the world. This paper will attempt to both define what is meant by ‘carbon neutral’ in the context of building design as well as using the case study to demonstrate how such an approach might be achieved it examines the challenges of achieving a net zero energy building, both from an energy consumption perspective as well as the embodied energy of the construction. It discusses the level of control architects and engineers can exert during the process of building procurement and construction as well as examining what post-construction measures can be employed. This latter point is a key issue in validating the design ambitions and provides a useful tool to benchmark and improve upon future projects. Keywords: tall buildings, sustainability, carbon neutral, energy consumption, embodied energy Introduction A Community may be defined as a city, town, The industrialization of the world has led to great region, neighborhood or any other assemblage of innovation, great technological advances and powerful interacting populations. An existing
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