Fabiano Giorgini, C.P

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Fabiano Giorgini, C.P Fabiano Giorgini, C.P. Scrivere la storia dei passionisti tra il 1796 e il 1839 significa ricordare la vita di una comunità umana ed ecclesiale radunata dalla fede in Cristo Gesù, confessato vivo nella storia dopo 18 secoli dalla sua morte e risurrezione. Questa comunità si è trovata ad affrontare la intolleranza della vita religiosa, organizzata dalla rivoluzione francese che aveva proclamato i diritti dell’uomo ma negando Dio e la Chiesa cattolica. L’intolleranza prese piede con la Repubblica Romana del 1798-1799, nello Stato Pontificio, in cui stava la con­ gregazione, ma divenne più dura con Napoleone. Egli nel 1809 soppresse tutte e singole le corporazioni religiose e confinò i membri nei loro paesi di ori­ gine sotto la vigilanza della polizia. La caduta di Napoleone, nel 1814, diede speranza ai membri superstiti della congregazione di riunirsi in comunità e di riavere, dal governo ‘restaurato’, le case espropriate. Tutto cominciava da capo con un numero di fratelli quasi dimezzato, con case mancanti di tutto, tra un popolo benevolo ma dissanguato dai continui contributi esosi imposti dagli occupanti e duramente provato dalle guerre, dalla carestia e dalle epidemie. I religiosi furono coraggiosi nel rientrare nei ritiri vuoti, ma considerati da loro casa di Dio, e riprendere il ritmo di vita lascia­ to forzatamente. Grande fu il loro impegno per vivere e mostrare la identità passionista sia nella vita comunitaria, che nella predicazione di missioni e di esercizi spirituali, come nella disponibilità ad accogliere le persone nelle pro­ prie chiese e case per esercizi personali, per ricevere i sacramenti della ricon­ ciliazione e della Eucaristia. La fedeltà al carisma che dava il tono di identità a queste comunità ‘restaurate’, attirò giovani che assimilarono quella spiritua­ lità dando vigore all’istituto che potè realizzare nuove fondazioni nello Stato Pontificio, nel Regno di Napoli e nel Ducato di Lucca e preparare quella per l'Inghilterra che si attuò nel 1840. Quanto si presenta nel contesto socio-religioso del tempo, vuole essere un saggio di studio sulla storia di uomini e donne affascinati da Cristo salva­ tore deH'uomo e lo hanno testimoniato come seme di speranza per il loro tempo. L’autore si augura che altri studiosi si animino a scrivere la storia delle sìngole comunità per fare meglio vedere la relazione tra la comunità passio­ nista e la Chiesa locale e la società in cui vive. Il piano dell’opera è indicato nella seconda pagina del frontespizio. ISBN 88 8542 123-7 9 798885 421232 Spiegazione dello “scudo della Congregazione passionista” riportato in copertina Il cuore, da cui escono fiamme, simboleggia l’amore misericordioso di Dio Padre e di Cristo Gesù. La croce piantata nel cuore ricorda l'atto più concreto con cui Gesù ha mostrato amore a Dio ed aH’uomo. Nel centro della croce è il volto dolente di Cristo come appare dalla sindone. I chiodi sono posti dove essi conficcarono le mani e i piedi di Gesù al legno. Sulla croce appare anche il calice che ricorda l'Eucaristia “vivo memoriale della passione". Ai lati vi sono: il martello con cui furono conficcati i chiodi; la tenaglia e la scala di cui si servì Giuseppe d’Arimatea per schiodare e deporre il corpo di Gesù dalla croce. La mano ricorda lo schiaffo dato dal servo del sommo sacerdote a Cristo. Il gallo sopra una colonna richiama il rinnegamento di Pietro. In alto: a sinistra la borsa dove Giuda pose il dena­ ro ricevuto per il suo tradimento; nel centro la corona di spine con cui fu schernito Gesù come finto re dei giudei; al lato i dadi con cui i soldati, ai piedi della croce, tirarono a sorte la veste di Gesù. Intorno al cuore è un ramo di ulivo il quale ricorda che Gesù lenisce i dolori e fortifica i credenti come l’olio ha la possibilità di lenire i dolori fisici. Dall'altro lato vi è uno ramo di palma, che indica la vittoria di Cristo sul peccato e sulla morte. Sul nastro sono incise le parole di S. Pietro: “Christo passo in carne, et vos eadem cogitatione armamini” (1 Pt 4,1).= “Poiché Cristo soffrì nella carne, anche voi armatevi degli stessi sentimenti". Un cuore senza le fiamme, ma con la croce piantata in esso, è portato sul petto dai passionisti per ricordare a se stessi ed agli altri quanto indica la scritta ‘Jesu Christi Passio' (la passione di Gesù Cristo). Tali parole dico­ no ai passionisti che essi debbono avere scritta, impressa, nel loro cuore la passione e l’amore di Gesù e sforzarsi di ricordarlo agli altri perché l’ac­ colgano nel loro cuore come principio di vita cristiana. STORIA DELLA CONGREGAZIONE DELLA PASSIONE DI GESÙ CRISTO voi. I. - 1720 - 1775 di Fabiano Giorgini, C.P. voi. 1171. - 1775 - 1795 di Carmelo Naselli, C.P. i due volumi sono stati editi nel 1981 Edizioni ‘Stauros’ Pescara Per ordinazioni: Edizioni Stauros 64048 S. Gabriele dell’Addolorata (Te) tei. 0861 975727 - fax 0861 975929 voi II/2. - 1796 » 1839 Edizioni CIPI Piazza SS. Giovanni e Paolo, 13 00184 Roma tei. 06 772711 - tei. e fax 06 7008012 in preparazione voi. Ili, 1840- 1862 voi. IV, 1862 - 1920 voi. V, 1920- 1979 Fabiano Giorgini, C. P. STORIA DELLA CONGREGAZIONE DELLA PASSIONE DI GESÙ’ CRISTO Volume II/2 Soppressione Ripristinazione Espansione 1796 -1839 Edizioni CIPI, Roma 2000 Edizioni: CIPI, Roma 2000 Stampa: Pomel - Roma Viale Manzoni, 35b 00185 Roma Introduzione Il p. Carmelo Amedeo Naselli, C.P. (+ 16/09/1989) pubblicò nel 1981: Sto­ ria della Congregazione della Passione di Gesù Cristo. Voi. Il L ’epoca italiana: le rivoluzioni e le soppressioni (1775-1839), Parte I: La successione (1775- 1796). Il presente volume completa l’opera perché copre il periodo 1796-1839. Il p. Naselli aveva cominciato a lavorare con ritardo sul periodo 1796-1809. Spe­ rava di fare presto a descrivere la soppressione repubblicana e poi quella di Napoleone perché aveva pubblicato: nel 1970 La soppressione napoleonica delle Corporazioni religiose. Il caso dei Passionisti in Italia (1810-1814); nel 1986 La soppressione napoleonica delle corporazioni religiose. Contributo alla storia religiosa del primo ottocento italiano: 1808-1814. La malattia che lo portò alla tomba lo bloccò appena aveva redatto, in qual­ che modo, il primo capitolo. Con l’aiuto del sottoscritto aveva cominciato a pre­ parare il materiale del capitolo secondo, ma dovette smettere. Egli aveva raccol­ to molto materiale per il capitolo primo e per il periodo della soppressione uti­ lizzato già nella redazione dei due volumi ricordati. Il sottoscritto ha utilizzato quel materiale ma lo ha completato tenendo conto degli studi che nell’ultimo decennio si sono fatti sulla rivoluzione francese, la sua invasione in Italia e le conseguenze nella compagine sociale, ecclesiale e religiosa. Dalla soppressione in avanti il sottoscritto ha dovuto fare tutta la ricer­ ca del materiale non ancora compiuta dal p. Naselli. Ho seguito i criteri di redazione adottati fin dall’inizio dell’opera: far emer­ gere sufficientemente lo sviluppo storico esterno della congregazione, ma dare molta attenzione alla vitalità interna (la spiritualità) e la sua relazione con la mis­ sione della Chiesa. La mancanza di studi sulle comunità locali, o su argomenti di particolare interesse non ha reso sempre facile mantenere un equilibrio nel­ l’estensione delle parti. Ho tenuto conto dell’indirizzo attuale degli studi in que­ sto campo e quindi ho cercato di inquadrare la vita e l’opera della congregazio­ ne in quella della Chiesa e della società. Il periodo è quanto mai movimentato sia socialmente che nella Chiesa. La fine del sec. XVIII e l’inizio del XIX sono caratterizzati da avvenimenti che sconvolsero non solo la carta politica dell’Europa, ma sconquassarono l’orga­ nizzazione della Chiesa con la prigionia del Papa, l’abolizione dello Stato Pon­ tificio, la soppressione di tutte le corporazioni religiose. La congregazione supe­ 5 rò queste dure prove e seppe reinserirsi nel cammino ecclesiale con coraggio e con dignità, dando un valido contributo di evangelizzazione e di santità per aiu­ tare il popolo di Dio, Le tensioni culturali e sociali si ripercossero, in una certa misura, nella con­ gregazione. Essa si impegnò con un buon esito nel creare convinzioni solide nei religiosi ed una cultura sufficiente per affrontare l’evoluzione in atto. I religiosi formati in questi 45 anni diedero non solo una valida esistenza alla congrega­ zione, ma la prepararono anche allo sviluppo che essa fece nel periodo successi­ vo dentro e fuori d’Italia. Le note spero che siano di aiuto per continuare la ricerca su particolari argo­ menti, mentre la bibliografia utilizzata e citata darà la possibilità di allargare la visuale al campo di ricerche attualmente coltivato dagli studiosi in materia di storiografia sociale e religiosa. I nomi delle persone sono tanti avendo riportato i nomi di tutti i partecipan­ ti ai capitoli generali e provinciali perché si potesse valutare meglio sia la stima che le persone godevano, sia anche se e quale tipo di avvicendamento vi fu real­ mente nel guidare le comunità. Riguardo agli archivi do l’elenco dei medesimi ma non ripeto i fondi che si trovano bene indicati nelle note. Chi ha interesse con le indicazioni delle note troverà facilmente la fonte originale. Nel ringraziare tutti quelli che mi hanno dato aiuto e suggerimenti dedico il volume alla memoria del p. Carmelo Amedeo Naselli (1921-1989) nel decenna­ le della sua entrata nella comunità celeste. CAPITOLO PRIMO P. Giuseppe Maria Claris Del Crocifisso (1796-1809) 1.- Capitolo Generale X, 5-6 Aprile 1796. Il superiore generale, p. Giov. Battista Gorresio di S. Vincenzo Ferreri, il 27/01/1796, indisse il capitolo generale da celebrarsi nel ritiro di S.
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