DOCSLIB.ORG

ᎤᏕᎵᎦ ᎠᏣᎳᎩ ᏕᏓᏝᏃᎮ / We Speak in Secret

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
ᎤᏕᎵᎦ ᎠᏣᎳᎩ ᏕᏓᏝᏃᎮ / We Speak in Secret 2014 TOTAS Accepted Artwork First Name Last Name Title Tracking # Erin Bailey Together We Walk T14.134 Zachary Barnes Cherokee Cartography T14.041 Zachary Barnes Trail of Tears T14.042 Verna Bates Syllabary Soup T14.066 Verna Bates Wind T14.067 Verna Bates Potter's Tools T14.068 Sheila Bazil Taking Shelter T14.140 Sheila Bazil She Waits T14.141 Matthew Beardon Governor Joe T14.095 Matthew Beardon Back of a Ware on the Open Prarie, Okla. T14.096 Carolyn Beavers Gonzales American Beauty T14.034 Carolyn Beavers Gonzales Ned Christie T14.036 Lisa Blackbird Forrest First Year T14.074 Lisa Blackbird Forrest Remember T14.075 Roy Boney ᎤᏕᎵᎦ ᎠᏣᎳᎩ ᏕᏓᏝᏃᎮ / We Speak in Secret T14.065 Sally Briggs Blue Moon on the Trail T14.083 Sally Briggs Harvest Basket T14.084 Gina Burnett The Promise of Spring T14.085 David Chaudoin Etf Yn Cherokee Bear T14.029 Charlotte Coats Simplicity T14.021 Charlotte Coats Sun Rise T14.022 Charlotte Coats Water Roughts T14.023 Dan Corley Boogers Dancing Under a Full Moon T14.082 Douglas J. Crowder II Summer Honey Suckle T14.144 Douglas J. Crowder II Birth of a Raindrop T14.145 Mike Dart U-Wo-Du-Hi T14.060 Mike Dart Simple Elegance T14.061 J. Ross Davis Elohi Igiji (Our Mother Earth) T14.024 J. Ross Davis Ulisaladodi (Rise) T14.025 Rose Drake Shell Shaking Turtles at a Stomp Dance T14.113 Jeff Edwards Scrabble T14.006 Jeff Edwards Give Me A Hand T14.007 Michael Elizondo Free as a Bird T14.004 Gerald Epperson Wild Cat T14.030 Gerald Epperson Soup & Salad Bowl Set T14.031 Joseph Erb Ewf #>hAuh T14.069 Joseph Erb Ewf |gR T14.070 Judy Frazier Tsu gv walo di a squ a ni go dv (Treasure) T14.088 Judy Frazier A me quo hi Ale no tsi (Ocean & Pine) T14.089 Judy Frazier No tsi yv gi (Pine Needle) T14.090 Vivian Garner Cottrell Trade Basket T14.016 Vivian Garner Cottrell Red Star T14.017 Vivian Garner Cottrell Prayer Basket T14.027 Leslie Gates Rooked! T14.097 Leslie Gates Maple's Gift T14.098 Leslie Gates Wanna Race T14.099 Regina Gayle Thompson Bountiful Land T14.153 Regina Gayle Thompson Grandma's Whisper T14.154 PJ Gilliam Stewart Turtle Path T14.130 PJ Gilliam Stewart Dreams of a Storyteller T14.131 PJ Gilliam Stewart A Weaver's Hand T14.132 Mathew Girty The Blessing T14.124 Mathew Girty Saloli T14.125 Mathew Girty Late Arrivals T14.126 Hillary Glass A Tail in Every Thing T14.109 Hillary Glass Shadowing T14.110 Hillary Glass Embellish T14.111 Bill Glass Jr. Spirits Have Carried Us Forward T14.001 Bill Glass Jr. Surviving Warrior T14.002 Shan Goshorn We Belong to This Land T14.014 Shan Goshorn Our Hearts Remain T14.015 Buffalo Gouge Creature's Blessing T14.133 Antonio Grant Spirit Watchers T14.048 Antonio Grant Absract Gorget T14.049 Kenny Henson Ike and the Little People T14.055 Kenny Henson Let's Make a Deal T14.056 Sam Horsechief Mad Bear T14.043 Sam Horsechief The Four Bird Chiefs T14.045 Norma Howard Berry Pickers T14.039 Norma Howard Little Brother of War T14.040 Luther 'Toby' Hughes Protection on the Trrail T14.057 Sharon Irla Post Assimilation T14.105 Sharon Irla A Dream Of Beauty T14.106 Troy Jackson 5:00 Friday T14.103 Troy Jackson Industrial Water Supply T14.104 Scott Johnson Green Corn Dancers T14.010 Scott Johnson Green Corn Dancers Before Dawn T14.011 Ashley Kahsaklahwee Footprints of the Unbroken T14.146 Ashley Kahsaklahwee Native America: Homeless Natives in America, Their Stories T14.147 Talon Kingfisher Little Tsi-s-qua T14.050 Talon Kingfisher The Trial of the Enemy T14.051 Dino Kingfisher Honoring Past and Present T14.052 Dino Kingfisher Kingfisher Homestead T14.053 Dino Kingfisher Ancestral Origins T14.054 Robert Lewis Do You Dream of Riding in Balloons? T14.112 Merlin Littlethunder Earth Spirits Fracking Back T14.142 Merlin Littlethunder 0% Diabetes T14.143 Bobby C. Martin The Kiss T14.037 Bobby C. Martin Fish Fry T14.038 Linda McCrary Wilma T14.008 Linda McCrary Walk a Mile in Their Shoes T14.009 Melissa Melero Spring Willlow T14.100 Melissa Melero Harvest II T14.102 Ashlyn Metcalf Cicada's Secret T14.071 Ashlyn Metcalf Raven's Call T14.072 Ashlyn Metcalf Transient Life of the Warrior T14.073 Teresa Million The Long Trail T14.114 Ron Mitchell Last to Leave T14.079 Ron Mitchell Roads of My relations T14.080 Ron Mitchell Crossing Rock Creek T14.081 Mary Beth Nelson Ravenmocker T14.062 Mary Beth Nelson Wolf Clan T14.063 Mary Beth Nelson Deer Clan T14.064 Jane Osti Sacred Winds T14.086 Jane Osti Qualla Cooking Pot T14.087 David Pruitt Spiro Flat Bottom Pot T14.107 David Pruitt Banded Friendship Pot T14.108 Katherine Rackliff Turtle Island T14.148 Meredith Radke-Gannon Trail of Tears T14.091 Teri Lee Rhoades Cherokee Charm T14.093 Teri Lee Rhoades U-gu-gu T14.094 Jo Ann Richmond Fly with Eagles T14.058 Jo Ann Richmond Dancing Turtle T14.059 Tama Roberts Rise Up & Fly T14.046 Tama Roberts Tickle My Ears T14.047 Sammy Rooster Cherokee T14.117 Sammy Rooster Currency T14.118 Sammy Rooster No Place to Hide T14.119 Richard Rowlodge Native Vision T14.076 Bessie Russell Untitled T14.122 Bessie Russell Untitled T14.123 Lisa Rutherford Little People's Visit T14.012 Lisa Rutherford Rain T14.013 Janet Smith Seven Clans of the Cherokee T14.116 Jerry Sutton Jisdo Galvloiy (Jisdu in the Sky with Diamonds) T14.032 Jerry Sutton Anega Uganawu T14.033 Tana Twist Kamama Necklace T14.156 Kristie Vann Cherished Di-Ni-Yo-Tli Children T14.135 Karin Walkingstick Dogwood Spring T14.127 Karin Walkingstick Waterjug T14.128 Karin Walkingstick Small Pot T14.129 Carlene Wiley A Little Touch of Nature T14.020 Katherine Wilkinson Overlook T14.028 Kevin Williams A Little Gossip, a Little Weaving T14.077 Mark Wolfe Moondance T14.138 Mark Wolfe Shades of Memory T14.139 Stephen Wood Liquid Fire T14.115.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 2) Economy, Business
    2) Economy, Business : The majority of tribes' economies rely on Casinos. There are a huge amount of Casinos in Oklahoma, more than in any other state in the USA. But they also rely on the soil resources, there are tribes who are very rich thanks to their oil resources. Natural resources After 1905 deposits of lead and zinc in the Tri-State Mining District made the Quapaws of Ottawa County some of the richest Indians of the USA. Zinc mines also left hazardous waste that still poisons parts of their lands. The Osages became known as the world's richest Indians because their “head right” system distributed the royalties from their “underground reservation” equally to the original allottees. The Osage's territory was full of oil. Gaming revenues The Chickasaw are today the richest tribe in Oklahoma thanks to their Casinos they make a lot of profit. On their website you can read : “From Bank2, Bedre Chocolates, KADA and KYKC radio stations and the McSwain Theatre to the 13 gaming centers, travel plazas and tobacco stores, the variety and prosperity of the Chickasaw Nation's businesses exemplifies the epitome of economic success!”. The Comanche Tribe derives revenue from four casinos. The Comanche Nation Casino in Lawton features a convention center and hotel and has a surface of 45,000 square feet. The others are the Red River Casino at Devol north of the Red River, and two small casinos : Comanche star casino east of Walters and Comanche Spur Casino near Elgin. Enlargements of the casinos are planned . There are smoke shops and convenience stores in the casinos.
    [Show full text]
  • Yuchi Indian Histories Before the Removal Era
    Yuchi Indian Histories Before the Removal Era Yuchi Indian Histories Before the Removal Era Edited and with an introduction by Jason Baird Jackson University of Nebraska Press Lincoln & London © 2012 by the Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Yuchi Indian histories before the removal era / edited and with an introduction by Jason Baird Jackson. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 978-0-8032-4041-4 (pbk.: alk. paper) 1. Yuchi Indians—History. 2. Yuchi Indians—Social conditions. 3. Yuchi Indians—Social life and customs. I. Jackson, Jason Baird, 1969– e99.y9y83 2012 305.897'9—dc23 2012006240 Set in Sabon by Bob Reitz. figure 1. “An Indian woman weaving a basket of reed.” Pictured on the colonial frontier of Georgia in 1736 by Philip Georg Friedrich von Reck or someone in his retinue. nks 565 4º (Von Reck’s drawings), No. 48. The Royal Library, Copenhagen, Denmark. For discussion of this image and the collection from which it comes, see Hvidt, Von Reck’s Voyage, 112–13. The image is online at http://www.kb.dk/permalink/ 2006/manus/22/eng/No.+48/?var=. Dedicated to the Yuchi women whose long labors across five cen- turies—while barely observed by the colonial recorders whose ex- periences inform this volume—have helped insure a bright future for their people. For the support of its historical preservation efforts, the Euchee (Yu- chi) Tribe of Indians has been named as the direct beneficiary of any author royalties generated through the sale of this volume.
    [Show full text]
  • Omo Shticeiii
    OMO SHTICEIII 1IOIOI1SH II IV ACKHOV/LEDGME1TTS I am indebted to Hon. W. V/. Hastings, Member of the United States Congress for books from the Library of Con­ gress and books from his private -library; to Dr. 1!. P. Ham- moiid, president of northeastern State Teachers College, Tahlequah, Oklahoma, for assistance in securing material through the college library; to Dr. Frans Olbrechts, Bel­ gium, to Llr. Lev/is Spence, Edinburgh, Scotland, and Miss Eula E. Fullerton (a student of Cherokee history and life, manners and customs) professor of history, northeastern State Teachers College,, Tahlequah, Oklahoma, for their helpful sug­ gestions; to the Hewberry Library, Chicago, Illinois, for photostats of that part of the John Howard Payne Manuscript dealing v/ith the religious festivals of the Cherokees; to I.Iiss Lucy Ann Babcock, Librarian, northeastern State Teachers College, Tahlequah, Oklahoma, in calling ray attention to cer­ tain books; to Ross Daniels, government official among the Indians, for negatives from which some of the Illustrations are made; to b. J. Seymour, Camden, Arkansas, and Miss A- licia Hagar, Joplin, Missouri, for proof reading; and'to Miss Josephine C. Evans, my secretary, for assistance"in prepar­ ing the bibliography and the index. YI COUTBHIS CHAPTER PAGE I1TTRODUCTIC1T. ............................... I. A GEHERAL ST^TEMEIIT COHCER17ILTG THE AMERICA1I M* ............................. .... 1 The Singular Characteristics of the A- rnerican Indians ....................... 2 The Culture of the American Indians.... 11 The Warfare of the American Indians.... 20 The Religion of the American Indians... 26 The Ethics of the American Indians..... 32 II. A GEliERAL STATEMENT C01TCERHI1IG THE CKSROKEE niDLiilTS ................................... 39 The Cherokee Dialects .................
    [Show full text]
  • Native American Women's Transrhetorical Fight for La
    WILKINSON, ELIZABETH LEIGH. Ph.D. Story as a Weapon in Colonized America: Native American Women’s Transrhetorical Fight for Land Rights. (2008) Directed by Dr. Karen L. Kilcup. 265 pp. The violent collision between Native American and Euro-American politics, spirituality, economy, and community appears most prominently in each culture’s attitude toward land, which connects intimately with the position women held in each society. The social construction of land and a woman’s “place”—and the interconnectedness between the two as viewed through a Euro-American lens—conflicted so wholly with that of many Native American cultures that what resulted were wars, many fought physically on battlefields, but many others with rhetoric in speeches, books, petitions, and reports. The idea that the two cultures might fight bloody battles over land rights does not need much explanation; however, that they might come to blows as a result of how women acted in each society requires more attention. Synthesizing the heterogeneous methodologies and insights of American Indian literature, nineteenth-century women’s writing, and the history and theory of rhetoric, this dissertation articulates the transrhetorical power of Native American women: their ability to cross cultural and gendered boundaries of rhetoric. I argue that while white middle- class women such as Lydia Maria Child, Catharine Maria Sedgwick, and Margaret Fuller sought to empower themselves by speaking through Native women’s voices, indigenous writers Nancy Ward, Narcissa Owen, Sarah Winnemucca, and Gertrude Bonnin, fluidly negotiating white definitions of gender and culture, used their roles as transrhetors in order to protest land theft and to fight to reclaim territories unjustly taken by the United States government, using rhetoric as a weapon in the war over land.
    [Show full text]
  • Green Corn Ceremony
    Iti Fabussa Green Corn Ceremony Question: vate in nature and not intended for publication. The following respect- To the folks at Iti Fabvssa: fully excludes these details and draws mostly from published sources. I was wondering when the last Luak Falaya / Green Corn Ceremo- The best written description of a Choctaw Green Corn Ceremony ny was held in the Choctaw Nation and if there is or has been a move- comes from an account by Lucy Cherry, a Choctaw born in Skully- ment to reinvigorate this ceremony among our people. ville, OK, in 1869 (Cherry 1937:382-385). Her words portray a Green Sincerely, Corn Ceremony held at Cavanal in the Sugar Loaf Mountians, prob- Brandon ably in the late 1800s: Preparations began a week before the event, with men hunting deer, Answer: squirrels, and bear, and killing hogs and cattle; green corn was also Dear Brandon, harvested from the fields. The families gathered up the food they had Over the last few months, Iti Fabvssa has received several inquiries obtained, along with many of the household furnishings and headed about the Choctaw Green Corn Ceremony. In an attempt to effectively for the Dance Grounds. respond to these, we’re going to give you the long answer to your The Green Corn Ceremony lasted four days. The first day was filled question: with setting up camp and re-establishing connections with old friends The “Green Corn Ceremony” is the most important social and spiri- who had come for the occasion. Food was cooked and eaten in com- tual event in the traditional seasonal round of the Choctaw and other mon.
    [Show full text]
  • Cherokee Stomp Dance
    Cherokee Heritage Lesson 4: Cherokee Stomp Dance There are more than 300,000 Cherokee mankind. After the sermon, stickball, an tribal citizens today. Although many choose ancient Cherokee game resembling present- to worship through other religious methods day La Crosse, is played. and denominations, including Indian The sermons continue as the sun begins Baptist and Methodist among others, many to set. The ceremonial pipe is passed to traditional Cherokees continue to worship each clan member who takes seven puffs at stomp dances and are members of one from it before passing it on. The chief, of the several stomp dance grounds located medicine men and elders gather together within the Cherokee Nation. for a meeting, eventually calling for the The main part of the ceremony starts at first dance of the night. This dance is by dawn, when a fire keeper and his assistant invitation only and features the tribal elders, build a fire that is intended to last for the medicine men and heads of clans. A second duration of the stomp dance. Beginning with call for the dance is made and everyone is small slivers of wood from the innermost soon welcome around the fire. part of an oak tree, the fire keeper uses Dance participants include a leader, flint and rock to trigger a spark. This fire assistants and one or more “shell-shakers” is sacred to traditional Cherokees. It is who wear leg rattles, which are traditionally customarily built on a mound of ash a foot made out of turtle shells filled with pebbles. or two above ground level and is tended The ceremonial observance involves carefully, so it will burn throughout the prayers, taking medicine, going to water as stomp dance.
    [Show full text]
  • 2016 OCMULGEE INDIAN CELEBRATION Arena Schedule
    2016 OCMULGEE INDIAN CELEBRATION 2016 OCMULGEE INDIAN CELEBRATION Arena Schedule September 17th & 18th September 17th & 18th Emcee – Alan Marsh Ongoing Activities 10:00 Welcome & Introductions Mvskoke (Creek) Nation Honor Guard 10:10 Grand Entry Wattle & Daub House Replica & Woodland Hunting Camp • Muscogee (Creek) Royalty Cherokee Hunting Camp • Primitive Technology Demos; Flint Muscogee (Creek) Stomp Dance Knapping, Stone Tools, Fire Making • Southeastern Native 10:30 SilverRidge Dancers; Intertribal Culture & Dance American Camp • Paleo to Mississippian Living History • 11:00 William Harjo; Muscogee (Creek) Stories & Flute Warriors on Horseback • Pottery Construction & Pit Firing 11:15 NVNVHI Warriors; Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians Ambassadors Demos • Weaving & Beading Demos • Native American 11:45 Alaskan Native Dance & Arctic Games Games & Clay Table for Kids • Archery Demos • Primitive 12:45 Donna Delgaillo, Cherokee Stories Cooking Demos • Gourd Carving Demos • Flute Music • 1:00 Touch the Earth Dancers; Cherokee Culture & Dance Archaeobus • Museum with 2,000+ Artifacts & Exhibits • 1:30 Mvskoke (Creek) Nation Honor Guard Painting & Sculpting Demos Muscogee (Creek) Royalty Muscogee (Creek) Stomp Dance 2:00 SilverRidge Dancers; Intertribal Culture & Dance 2:30 Ryan Little Eagle; Lakota &Taino Flute 2:45 NVNVHI Warriors; Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians Ambassadors 3:15 Alaskan Native Dance & Arctic Games Please join us in thanking our generous sponsors listed on the front of this program. 4:15 Touch the Earth Dancers; Cherokee Culture & Dance The Celebration would not be possible without their help. 5:00 Arena Program Ends (Schedule Subject To Change) (Schedule Subject To Change) OTHER ACTIVITIES See the Encampments * Observe Demonstrators * Clay Table for Kids See the Museum * Visit the Earthlodge * Walk to the Mounds * Hike the Trails Native American games Special Thanks to: Mvskoke Nation Honor Guard & our generous sponsors .
    [Show full text]
  • Lenape Dances
    LENAPE DANCES It is a beautiful night. Somewhere in the Lenape homeland there is a large gathering of people who have come together for a ceremonial. It took place during the day, and now the sun has set. The moon is rising. Moonrise over the ocean in Lenapehokink Inside the dance area the attendants have brought in the fire. People are sitting around visiting and waiting. Soon the deep, resonant sound of the water drum begins. A steady beat is followed by the singing of the drummer. He is singing a song for the women to come out and dance. On either side of him sit other singers. They have gourd rattles and they too sing along. The world is a wonderful place, the year is 1494, and the world of the Lenape and other Native people is about to suffer a drastic change. Five hundred years later the songs and dances are still being done. Singers at a Lenape Stomp Dance in Oklahoma in 1960 The scene we set above could have taken place almost anywhere in the eastern part of the United States from New York on south, perhaps as far as the Gulf of Mexico. To this day many of the old “Social Dance Songs” are remembered, and are still used by some tribes. Here are some of them the Lenape still use: Lead Dance Nikantkan http://www.talk-lenape.org/detail?id=11885 The dance, also just called a stomp dance, proceeds in single file, the leader singing in short phrases, echoed by the followers, all being men.
    [Show full text]
  • American Indian Songs of Today AFS
    The Library of Congress Motion Picture, Broadcasting and Recorded Sound Division Recording Laboratory AFS L36 MUSIC OF THE AMERICAN INDIAN INDIAN SONGS OF TODAY From the Archive ofFolk Culture Recorded and Ed ited by W illard Rhodes First issued on long-playing record in 1954. Accompanying booklet published 1987. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 82-743366. Available from the Recording Laboratory, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540. Cover illustration: THREE EAGLE DANCERS, by Woody Crumbo (Creek-Potawatomi). Photograph courtesy of the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation. • Dedicated to the memory of Willard W. Beatty, Director of Indian Education for the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Department of the Interior, from 1937 to 1951. • • FOREWORD TO THE 1954 EDITION • • For a number of years the Bureau of Indian Affairs has sponsored the recording of typical Indian music throughout the United States. During this time approximately a thousand Indian songs have been recorded by Mr. Willard Rhodes, professor of music at Columbia Univer­ sity. The study originated in an effort to deter­ mine the extent to which new musical themes were continuing to develop. Studies have shown that in areas of Indian concentration, especially in the Southwest, the old ceremonial songs are still used in the traditional fashion. In the Indian areas where assimilation has been greater, Indian­ type music is still exceedingly popular. There is considerable creative activity in the development of new secular songs which are used for social gatherings. These songs pass from reservation to reservation with slight change. While the preservation of Indian music through recordings contributes only a small part to the total understanding of American Indians, it is nevertheless an important key to this understand­ ing.
    [Show full text]
  • And Theses Published Between 1832 and 1968 Has Been Collected on All Phases Cherokee Indian Life. Although the Mal'or Portion Of
    DOCUMFNT RESUMF ED 023 533 24 RC 002 954 By -Hoyt, Anne K. Bibliography of the Cherokees. South Central Regional Education Lab. Corp, Little Rock, Ark. Spons Agency -Office of Education (DREW), Washington, DC.Bureau of Research. Bureau No -BR -6 -2100 Pub Date 68 Contract -OEC -4 -7 -062100 -3074 Note -61p. EDRS Price MF -$050 HC -$3.15 Descriptors-AmericanIndian Languages, *American Indians, *Annotated Bibliographies,4Chadrens Books, *Folklore Books, *Historical Reviews, Instructional Materials, LanguageDevelopment, Mythology, Reading Materials Identifiers -*Cherokee Indians An extensive bibliography of books, governmentpublications, periodical articles, and theses published between 1832 and1968 has been collected on all phasesof Cherokee Indian life. Although the mal'or portion of thelistings are concerned with Cherokee history, the document also presents extensive sectionsonCherokee foklore (folkways, arts, culture, etc), and children's books.Shorter listings are also presented on Cherokee educationand the Cherokee language. (DK) poiti mo.19ALLIm h r of the Cherokees 1, Prepared 'for Dr. Florence McCormick Program Specialist South Central Region Educational Laboratory U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT.POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY. By Anne K. Hoyt Northeastern State College Division ofLibrary Science Tahlequah, Oklahama . 1968 Prepared under Contract Number OEO-d:1-0,12100-3074 with the United States Office of Education. INTRODUCTION This Bibliography is intended for those working with Cherokee Young people and is both selective and comprehensive. Every effort was made to have the listing of children's books about Cherokees complete.
    [Show full text]
  • Historical Memory, Indianness, and the Tellico Dam Project a DISSERTATION SUBMITTED to the FACULTY O
    In the Shadow of Removal: Historical Memory, Indianness, and the Tellico Dam Project A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Robert A. Gilmer IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY David Chang, Jean M. O’Brien May 2011 Robert A. Gilmer Acknowledgments If it were not for the assistance and support of countless people this project would not have been possible. First, I owe a profound debt to Dr. Tom Hatley for encouraging me to look into Cherokee involvement in the controversies surrounding the Tellico Dam. I came to Western Carolina University in 2004 with only a vague notion of wanting to research something that involved Cherokee and environmental history for my master’s thesis, and within a couple of months of being there he steered me towards a topic that I would spend the next seven years of my life working on. If it had not been for his keen insight into the richness of this topic, and the need for additional work on it, none of this would have been possible. I also am deeply indebted to a number of other colleagues and advisers at Western Carolina University and within the Eastern Band community for their support and encouragement. Andrew Denson and Gael Graham served on my thesis committee, along with Tom Hatley, and offered numerous insights and helpful criticisms on earlier versions of this work. Tyler Howe, Angel Ragan, Anne Rogers, Jane Eastman, Lisa Lefler, and Heidi Altman also provided encouragement and support both while I lived in western North Carolina and since I moved away five years ago.
    [Show full text]
  • Identifying Turtle Shell Rattles in the Archaeological Record of the Southeastern United States
    Short Topical Reviews Identifying Turtle Shell Rattles in the Archaeological Record of the Southeastern United States Andrew Gillreath-Brown1* and Tanya M. Peres2 1Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA. 2Department of Anthropology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA. *[email protected] Abstract The construction of rattles from turtle (Testudines) shells is an important consideration when distinguishing between food and non-food uses of archaeological turtle remains. However, the identification of turtle shell rattles in prehistoric contexts can be quite challenging. Equifinality is a major problem for being able to distinguish rattles from food refuse, particularly when a carapace is not burnt or modified. In addition, diversity, abundance, and distribution of chelonian taxa varies throughout the southeastern United States, creating differential access for indigenous groups. Thus, multiple lines of evidence are needed from archaeological, ethnographic, and ethnohistoric records to successfully argue for the production and use of turtle shell rattles in the prehistoric southeastern United States. In this article, we present examples of turtle shell rattles in the southeastern United States to highlight their function and use by indigenous groups, the construction process, and several common characteristics, or an object trait list, that can aid in the identification of fragmentary turtle shell rattle remains. Accurate functional identification of turtle remains is important for identifying turtle shell rattle artifacts and may be of interest to indigenous groups claiming cultural items under the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA). Received May 10, 2017 OPEN ACCESS Accepted September 18, 2017 DOI 10.14237/ebl.8.1.2017.979 Keywords Turtle, Rattle, Terrapene carolina, Zooarchaeology, Southeastern United States, Ethnography Copyright © 2017 by the author(s); licensee Society of Ethnobiology.
    [Show full text]