GLA 01 the Gaelic Alphabet

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

http://www.gaelicseattle.com | [email protected] | Beginning Scottish Gaelic The Gaelic Alphabet Note: Generally, when we talk about the alphabet in Gaelic, we talk about the letters as we would in English. The tree designation here is “traditional" but not used in academic situations. • a, ailm, Elm-tree • b, beith, Birch-tree • c, coll, hazel • d, dair, oak • e, eadha, aspen • f, fèarn, alder • g, gort, ivy • h, uath, hawthorn-tree (not really a Gaelic letter, except in borrowed words. Used for lenition.) • i, iogh, yew • l, luis, quicken-tree • m, muin, the vine • n, nuin, ash-tree • o, onn, gorse • p, beith bhog (soft b) • r, r u i s , e l d e r - t r e e • s, suill, willow-tree • t, teine (fire) • u, ur, yew-tree Source: Edward Dwelly’s Illustrated Gaelic-English Dictionary There are combinations of letters that are used to represent other sounds: • bh ➙ English v sound. • ch ➙ like the end of the word loch. Doesn’t have an English equivalent. • dh ➙ a voiced version of ch. Doesn’t have an English equivalent. • fh ➙ silent. • gh ➙ like dh. • mh ➙ English v sound • ph ➙ like f • sh ➙ like English h • th ➙ like English h Note: Adding an ‘h’ in the second position of a word for grammatical reasons is called ‘lenition.’ More on that later. • d + e or i ➙ like English j or sometimes g • dh’ + e or i ➙ like English y • gh’ + e or i ➙ like English y • s + e or i ➙ like English sh • t + e or i ➙ like English ch • g anywhere other than the first spot in the word ➙ like c, or English k Note: E and I are called ‘slender’ vowels, and they can change the sounds of consonants around them. This is why I call them EvIl vowels! So really we have everything English has, plus 2! Geoffrey Sammons | Goraidh Mac’IlleDhuinn Version 3 | Revised 9/17/16 | Page !1.

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Florida Native Plants Ogam
Florida Native Plants Ogam OBOD Ovate Gift Dana Wiyninger Starke, Florida USA July 29, 2012 Introduction Moving to a new region with completely different plants and climate, and having to manage a neglected forest meant I had to really learn about and examine the trees and plants on our property. (No relying on my previous knowledge of plants on the west coast.) Even with the subtropical climate, we paradoxically have many temperate east coast trees in north Florida. To make sense of it all in context of the Ogam, I had to seriously study and search to find the plants in my Florida Ogam. I often had to make more intuitive associations when an Ogam plant species wasn‟t found here. I had vivid impressions from the Ogam (and other) plants- I later used these to find my path through the many interpretations authors have offered. Personally, I use my own Florida correspondences when I see many of these plants every day; the impressions and messages are just part of my perceptions of the plants now. Since using my correspondences I‟m more aware of the varying time streams the plants experience and the spirits associated with them. I feel a conduit with the plants, and the resulting insights are particularly useful to me and relevant to changes going on in my life. Not quite formal divination, I receive guidance none the less. I feel there may be a healing practice in my future that will incorporate the Ogam, but that is yet to come. So, as enjoyable as it was, learning the basics of the Ogam wasn‟t easy for me.
[Show full text]
Rune-Names: the Irish Connexion
Rune-names: the Irish connexion Alan Griffiths Introduction Runologists are justifiably sceptical when it comes to comparing anything ogamic with anything runic. Moltke was also justifiably sceptical when he said of attempts to explain rune-names that “We may safely relegate them to the world of fantasy” (1985: 37). While acknowledging such scepticism, this paper nonetheless dares not only to venture into the world of rune-names, but also to compare them with ogam- names. In so doing it risks confrontation with the long-nurtured view crystal- lized in Polomé’s contention concerning the rune-names recorded in manu- scripts that “It is fairly undeniable that the names they transmit to us appear to derive from a common source, which has enabled Wolfgang Krause to recon- struct a plausible early Germanic list...” (1991: 422). In the paper from which this sentence is taken Polomé reviews what might be called the pagan-cult thesis of rune-names, which he summarizes in the commonly accepted hypothesis that the names “are imbedded in the German concepts about the world of the gods, nature and man” (1991: 434). He also reiterates the idea, based on classical references to the Germans’ use of notae, that runes were employed for divi- nation and “in this context, they were ideographic, i.e. we deal with the so-called Begriffsrunen...” (1991: 435).1 But then he reminds us, albeit in a valedictory footnote: “It should be remembered that these names of runes do not occur in any document of pagan origin, nor in any source (either alphabetic listings [runica manuscripta] or runic poems) prior to the Carolingian Renaissance” (1991: 435, fn.
[Show full text]
Answers and Solutions
191 ANSWERS AND SOLUTIONS ~ds a column POEMS IN PRAISE OF ENGLISH PHONOLOGY Charles F. Hockett ment on arti lough need for 1. stop 2. spirant 3. labial, laminal, dorsal 4. lateral, retroflex, nasal 5. voiceless 6. voiceless 7. voiceless, obstruent 8. nasal but let I s 9. voicele s s 10. labial rench-Ian AN OLYMPIC QUIZ Darryl Francis ure Potenti Horrors of myopical, diplomacy, cephalodymia, polydemoniac, polysemantic, ecita1 of the polymicrobic, mycoplasmic, compliancy, cytoplasmic, microphysi cle on OuLiPo cal, polyschematic Lge example polymicroscope, cosmopolicy, lycopersicum, lycopodium/polycod ~y, hate-shy ium, polygamistic, cryptoglioma, hypokalemic, polypharmic, poly you ex-wise mathie, myelopathic, polyhemic, lipothymic polychromia, polychromin, polytrichum, polystichum, impolicy, lms, Profes mispolicy, compliably, myopically, pyromellitic, symptomical, :h Phonologyll cryptonemiales, polyatomic : a princess in .ins no bilabials polysomatic, polynomic, cypselomorphic, polymicrian, policymak er, microtypal, pyrometrical, polymeric, microcephal y /pyrochem ical, polycormic, polydromic, polymastic es of the is sue ge as this can spatilomancy, cyps eliform, compre s sively, myeloplastic, polysomic, , and I try to polycrotism, polycentrism, polymetameric, polymythic, complicity, ~ar in rough compositely, polyonymic llC e of printing , to the problem. PRIMER TIME Ralph G. Beaman the se copie s however, if 'two letter s, T and A, are used in this alphabet primer to form the ed. (Don't tliree-Ietter words TAA, TAB, TAC, etc. Two imperfect words are TAFe and TAQlid. -- Adventuret! KlCKSHAWS Philip M. Cohen mprehensive Heful study. Jabberwocky: The vicar Bwigs chilled bubbly in the parish too. litd in defining If you try this with II Jabberwocky" you'll find it much less ::annot stomach; amenable, but some changes are possible.
[Show full text]
Auraicept Na Néces: a Diachronic Study
Auraicept na nÉces: A Diachronic Study With an Edition from The Book of Uí Mhaine Nicolai Egjar Engesland A dissertation submitted for the degree of Philosophiae Doctor The 20th of October 2020 Department of Linguistics and Scandinavian Studies Faculty of Humanities University of Oslo τῳ φωτί τῆς οἰκίας Foreword First and foremost, I would like to thank my supervisor Mikael Males at the Department of Linguistics and Scandinavian Studies at the University of Oslo for his untiring support and crucial input to the project at all stages. His enthusiasm for the field is unmatched. Der var intet valg, kun fremad, ordren ville lyde: døden eller Grønlands vestkyst. Secondly, I would like to thank Jan Erik Rekdal for having co-supervised the project and for having introduced me to the fascinating field of Irish philology and to Conamara. I would like to thank Pádraic Moran for valuable help with the evaluation of my work this spring and for useful feedback also during the conference on the dating of Old Norse and Celtic texts here in Oslo and on my visit to the National University of Ireland Galway last autumn. A number of improvements to the text and to the argumentation are due to his criticism. The community at NUI Galway has been very welcoming and I would like to show my gratitude to Michael Clarke and Clodagh Downey for accommodating us during our trip. Clarke also provided me with profitable feedback during the initial part of my work and has been a steady source of inspiration at conferences and workshops both in Ireland and in Norway.
[Show full text]
A Comparative Analysis of Irish and Scottish Ogham Pillar Stones Clare Jeanne Connelly University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
University of Wisconsin Milwaukee UWM Digital Commons Theses and Dissertations May 2015 A Partial Reading of the Stones: a Comparative Analysis of Irish and Scottish Ogham Pillar Stones Clare Jeanne Connelly University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.uwm.edu/etd Part of the Archaeological Anthropology Commons, Communication Commons, and the Medieval History Commons Recommended Citation Connelly, Clare Jeanne, "A Partial Reading of the Stones: a Comparative Analysis of Irish and Scottish Ogham Pillar Stones" (2015). Theses and Dissertations. 799. https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/799 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by UWM Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UWM Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A PARTIAL READING OF THE STONES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF IRISH AND SCOTTISH OGHAM PILLAR STONES by Clare Connelly A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Anthropology at The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee May 2015 ABSTRACT A PARTIAL READING OF THE STONES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF IRISH AND SCOTTISH OGHAM PILLAR STONES by Clare Connelly The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2015 Under the Supervision of Professor Bettina Arnold Ogham is a script that originated in Ireland and later spread to other areas of the British Isles. This script has preserved best on large pillar stones. Other artefacts with ogham inscriptions, such as bone-handled knives and chalk spindle-whorls, are also known. While ogham has fascinated scholars for centuries, especially the antiquarians of the 18th and 19th centuries, it has mostly been studied as a script and a language and the nature of its association with particular artefact types has been largely overlooked.
[Show full text]
Volume 1 Texts Title Page
Cover Page The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/20979 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation. Author: Griffiths, Alan Title: A family of names : Rune-names and Ogam-names and their relation to alphabet letter-names Issue Date: 2013-06-18 A FAMILY OF NAMES: Rune-names and Ogam-names and Their Relation to Alphabet Letter-names Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van Doctor aan de Universiteit Leiden, op gezag van Rector Magnificus prof. mr. C. J. J. M. Stolker, volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties te verdedigen op dinsdag18 juni 2013 klokke 15.00 uur door Alan Griffiths geboren te Beckenham, V. K. in 1938 Promotiecommissie: Promotores: Prof. dr. R. H. Bremmer (Universiteit Leiden) Prof. dr. P. C. H. Schrijver (Universiteit Utrecht) Overige leden: Prof. H. Gzella (Universiteit Leiden) Prof. dr. A. Quak (Universiteit Leiden) Dr. A. Blom (University of Oxford) Copyright © 2013, Alan Griffiths. Alle rechten voorbehouden. Illustrations on cover: 1. Anglo-Saxon runes, Insular letter equivalents and names from the (now destroyed) manuscript British Library, Cotton B. x, as listed beside George Hickes’s copy of the Anglo-Saxon Rune Poem in the 1705 edition of his Linguarum Vett. Septentrionalium Thesaurus Grammatico-Criticus et Archaeologicus. 2. The names of the ogam characters as listed at the end of The Book of Ogams in the fourteenth- or fifteenth-century Book of Ballymote manuscript, Royal Irish Academy 23P12/536, fol. 312 (s. xiv–xv), reproduced as no. 27 in Calder’s edition of the Auraicept na nÉces [The Scholars’ Primer], 1917: 302. A FAMILY OF NAMES: Rune-names and Ogam-names and Their Relation to Alphabet Letter-names by Alan Griffiths VOLUME 1 Texts A.
[Show full text]
Celtic Initial Consonant Mutations - Nghath and Bhfuil?
Celtic initial consonant mutations - nghath and bhfuil? Author: Kevin M Conroy Persistent link: http://hdl.handle.net/2345/530 This work is posted on eScholarship@BC, Boston College University Libraries. Boston College Electronic Thesis or Dissertation, 2008 Copyright is held by the author, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise noted. Undergraduate Honors Program Linguistics Celtic initial consonant mutations – nghath and bhfuil ? by Kevin M. Conroy submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements the degree of B.A. © copyright by Kevin M. Conroy 2008 Celtic initial consonant mutations – nghath and bhfuil ? Abstract The Insular Celtic languages, such as Irish and Welsh, distinctively feature a morphophonemic process known as initial consonant mutation. Essentially the initial sound of a word changes due to certain grammatical contexts. Thus the word for ‘car’ may appear as carr, charr and gcarr in Irish and as car, gar, char and nghar in Welsh. Originally these mutations result from assimilatory phonological processes which have become grammaticalized and can convey morphological, semantic and syntactic information. This paper looks at the primary mutations in Irish and Welsh, showing the phonological changes involved and exemplifying their basic triggers with forms from the modern languages. Then it explores various topics related to initial consonant mutations including their historical development and impact on the grammatical structure of the Celtic languages. This examination helps to clarify the existence and operations of the initial mutations and displays how small sound changes can have a profound impact upon a language over time. Boston College Undergraduate Honors Program Linguistics Celtic initial consonant mutations – nghath and bhfuil ? by Kevin M.
[Show full text]
Babelstone: the Ogham Stones of the Isle Of
BabelStone Thursday, 30 June 2011 The Ogham Stones of the Isle of Man • The Ogham Stones of Cornwall and Devon • The Ogham Stones of Wales • The Ogham Stones of Scotland • The Ogham Stones of the Isle of Man • The Ogham Stones of Ireland • The Ogham Stones of Elsewhere The Isle of Man, situated midway between Ireland and Britain, has always been at a sea-faring crossroads, and over the centuries has been exposed to influences from many different cultures. This is well reflected in the relatively large number of monumental inscriptions that have survived on the island, which include both runestones and Ogham stones, exhibiting a mixture of Irish, British, Pictish and Norse influences. Location of Ogham Inscriptions in the Isle of Man Red tags mark the sites of certain Ogham inscriptions (a dot indicates that the stone is in situ) Blue tags mark museums or other sites where Ogham stones are held The Manx Ogham inscriptions are a heterogeneous group with a wide age span, some perhaps dating to as early as the 5th century, and others dating to as late as the 12th century. Typifying the fusion of Irish and Norse cultures on the island during the medieval period (9th through 13th centuries) are two unique monuments that combine Norse Runic inscriptions and Ogham inscriptions on the same stone : • Maughold Stone (MAUGH/2) • Kirk Michael Stone (KMICH/1) The Maughold stone is a plain, flat stone with a line of Norse runes reading "John the Priest cut these runes" running across its centre, below which is inscribed the sixteen-letter "younger fuþark" in short twig runes.
[Show full text]
15 Life on Land Ogham – Family/Friend Tree Activity
Book: Seeds of Change by Jen Cullerton Johnson Global Goal: 15 Life on Land Ogham – Family/Friend Tree Activity The main character in the book , Wangari Maathai , was an inspirational woman, who dedicated her life to creating a better natural environment in Kenya by organising communities to plant over a million trees. We are connecting the storybook and activities to the Global Goal 15: Life on land. The aim is to encourage personal connection, local action and global awareness. A stark statistic is that only 2% of Ireland is covered by native trees, the lowest in the EU. Did you know.. • Irish culture has its own special connection to trees! • The earliest form of writing found in Ireland is called Ogham (dated around 400AD). • Lettering was formed by a series of lines. • Eight of the letters are thought to be linked to native trees of Ireland; Birch, alder, willow, oak, hazel, pine, ash and yew. This gives us an indication of the importance of trees in early Irish society As well as letters being linked to trees, some scholars have suggested there could well have been an Ogham tree calendar, so you can find your birth month tree. There is also lots of Irish folklore about the powers of each tree. Can you find your birth tree in the chart below? What powers and uses does your birth tree have? Ogham letter Month in Irish Tree Tree calendar I Idad Yew 1 Nov - 28 Nov A Ailm Scots Pine 29 Nov - 26 Dec B Beith Birch 27 Dec - 23 Jan L Luis Rowan 24 Jan - 20 Feb F Fern Alder 21 Feb - 20 Mar S Sail Willow 21 Mar - 17 April H Huath Hawthorn 18 April - 15 May O Onn Ash 16 May - 12 June D Dair Oak 13 June - 10 July T Tinne Holly 11 July - 7 Aug C Coll Hazel 8 Aug - 4 Sept Q Qert Apple 5 Sept - 2 Oct R Ruis Elder 3 Oct - 30 Oct Why not draw your own Family or Friend Tree! Find the tree and Ogham symbol on the charts above that represents you along with the ones that represent your family or friends.
[Show full text]
Springfield Leader
iii Piifl • .* 11 **• Ft*k,• ^ K 4 ill • I? •;M:-'I*«,.'. :; r ; : '••''•• "'••••• •• ^~~ --V •••-'• •-•-••••'•••;• • • "^v '••.•. .:•. •• v •••..• :..••,•.••.. '.. •.:'._••••:'.,••:• . •.• - . •'••'•;.;":... :-f,:-^\ \ :;.;__** " •_; , ,'l The New Newspaper To Serve Springfield-Better ».V' • 3EPTBMBER-5, 19fi3 (4.00 V»rl]> ed Every Thllr«d>v => "." ._ VOL. 1 — No: ],2 Morrl«''Av«., Uninn, N. J. let Commission Board Near ' '•I'nwnaliip-Piiiniulliw' nn«iiilmrs lllllllllllllllllllliiiiiiuiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii'iiii'i'u IW will meet with all InlrrcHled fit » sollllinn lo I.11P Morn:, -HWV Hearing pnrlfli'iK n'rafijem riFit irtPCtlnR 'Stacks, WHiies'l T RphmlulerJ for'B p.in..'-W_pdnn«diiy_ o - fn-thn-MtmiijiiiHbJiUiMmS^fr^. .<!iDkUiw^tn_UWa'.vor. Arthur"1 M. reasoir Falkin. .""• ' - • ."• Peoi -^-'I'he mayor. r,nlfl thai iiivitiilinnr, I'lie ..Union C-nrrnty .Park Om-, \vc.ri< "IIPIIIR 'issued to-thp' CMinin- p mission and the. Hepional- Board 1ml' of- Commerce, Moivi:. tivn. PuWiC h(arinK_nn Lhn $850,000 of Educiiliiaijqiiicar on IhP vergi — • "merolmnlK .who* nay' Ihry h'avp. referendlim lor the ndditlon to I March On CapiialAof sinning a' J'ontrai'l. whlrh Is the Gandincef-SdibolllbaB-beat rl |o_al!nw. Ilip.Rogioiial .: . Iteen hard lill. by lack of proper 1 • . ~" parkfnC', nwrrt'ii.' nf *tbi*--l>iHlrl- ichodulcd for .8 pjii. _Sopt. 24, "Jl was thc.borfl'WninB pf the pie !• had nevi>r scna-' before Boarrl_ lo rplmlld- \\-\ri\ Ave. inHKThal front., on (he iinrih side ccprdlnR to Jdlin' Clicks, i'i- future." . In Ihjs way lriinK wore callinj 'How much do field iuul.li'ac.k. Ihe _i. nl Morris ,nnil all Jhosi* inlnr- irdlnalor of this'jbuUdlnf! project; Sainuols of 2S'-' Mcckea si..,—yoU-Jiecd'?" : physical prlui:ntionTIplri for .Ion-' n mcclinR ' will ..take pliicn Springfield, /expressed .his g],c dnsC|.,bcd the .'xperi- fMhan.
[Show full text]
Ogam Range: 1680–169F
Ogam Range: 1680–169F Ce fichier comprend un extrait des tableaux de caractères et de la liste des noms des caractères pour Le Standard Unicode, version 13.0 Ce fichier pourra être modifié à tout moment sans avertissement pour intégrer des corrections ou d’autres mises à jour du standard Unicode. La liste à jour des erreurs connues peut être consultée sur http://www.unicode.org/errata/ Avertissement Ces tableaux servent de référence en ligne aux caractères inclus dans la version 13.0 du standard Unicode mais ne fournissent pas toute l’information requise pour la prise en charge des écritures selon le standard Unicode. Pour une bonne compréhension de l’utilisation des caractères illustrés dans ce fichier, veuillez consulter les parties correspondantes du Standard Unicode, version 13.0, disponible en ligne sur http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode13.0.0/, ainsi que les annexes 9, 11, 14, 15, 24, 29, 31, 34, 38, 41, 42, 44, 45 et 50 du standard Unicode, les autres rapports et standards techniques Unicode, et la base de données Unicode, tous également disponibles sur la Toile. Voir http://www.unicode.org/ucd/ et http://www.unicode.org/reports/ Une compréhension approfondie de ces documents complémentaires est nécessaire pour toute mise en œuvre d’Unicode réussie. Il n’est pas recommandé de copier les caractères affichés dans les tableaux ou dans les listes des noms des caractères, car pour des raisons liées à la production des fichiers PDF il n’est pas garanti que les bons codes des caractères seront toujours copiés. Polices de caractères L’apparence des glyphes de référence dans les tableaux n’est pas normative.
[Show full text]
8-Bit Single-Byte Graphic Coded Character Set for Ogham I.S
I.S. 434:1999 IRISH STANDARD CAIGHDEÁN ÉIREANNACH ICS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY – TEICNEOLAÍOCHT EOLAIS – 8-BIT SINGLE-BYTE GRAPHIC TACAR CARACHTAR GRAFACH CODED CHARACTER SET FOR OGHAIM CÓDAITHE GO OGHAM hAONBHEARTACH LE 8 nGIOTÁN This Irish Standard was published, in one official Caighdeán Éireannach é seo a foilsíodh in aon bilingual version in Irish and English, under the eagrán dátheangach amháin, as Gaeilge agus i authority of the National Standards Authority of mBéarla, faoi údarás an Údaráis Náisiúnta um Ireland and comes into effect on: Chaighdeáin na hÉireann, agus a mbeidh feidhm 1999-xx-xx leis ar an: 1999-xx-xx NO COPYING WITHOUT NSAI PERMISSION COSC AR A CHÓIPEÁIL GAN CEAD CHUIGE SIN EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Ó NSAI, NÓ DE RÉIR MAR A CHEADAÍONN DLÍ AN CHÓIPCHIRT National Standards Údarás Náisiúnta Authority of Ireland um Chaighdeáin na hÉireann Dublin 9 Baile Átha Cliath 9 Telephone/Guthán: +353 1 807-3800 Telefax/Facsa: +353 1 807-3838 © NSAI 1999 Price code/Cód luacha: E Page/Lch. 2 Information technology — 8-bit single-byte graphic coded character set for Ogham I.S. 434:1999 Teicneolaíocht eolais — Tacar carachtar grafach Oghaim códaithe go haonbheartach le 8 ngiotán DECLARATION FÓGRA OF SONRAÍOCHTA SPECIFICATION DAR ENTITLED TEIDEAL INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY — TEICNEOLAÍOCHT EOLAIS — 8-BIT SINGLE-BYTE GRAPHIC CODED TACAR CARACHTAR GRAFACH OGHAIM CHARACTER SET FOR OGHAM CÓDAITHE GO hAONBHEARTACH LE 8 nGIOTÁN AS MAR THE IRISH STANDARD SHONRAÍOCHT CHAIGHDEÁNACH SPECIFICATION FOR ÉIREANNACH DO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY — 8-BIT THEICNEOLAÍOCHT EOLAIS — TACAR SINGLE-BYTE GRAPHIC CODED CARACHTAR GRAFACH OGHAIM CHARACTER SET FOR OGHAM CÓDAITHE GO hAONBHEARTACH LE 8 nGIOTÁN NSAI in exercise of the power conferred by Lena chumhacht faoi chuid 16(3) den Acht section 16(3) of the National Standards um Údarás Náisiúnta um Chaighdeáin na Authority of Ireland Act, 1996 (No.
[Show full text]