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Publikationen Zu Wissenschaftlichen Filmen ISSN 0341-5910 PUBLIKATIONEN ZU WISSENSCHAFTLICHEN FILMEN SEKTION ETHNOLOGIE SERIE 13 • NUMMER 25 • 1983 FILM D 1479 Pflanzer und Künstler - Führende Männer bei den Kwoma in Papua-Neuguinea Planter and Artist - The Roles of Leading Members of the Kwoma in Papua New Guinea INSTITUT FÜR DEN WISSENSCHAFTLICHEN FILM GÖTTINGEN Angaben zum Film - Film Data Tonfilm (Komm., deutsch od. engl.), 16 mm, farbig, 455 m, 42 min (24 B/s). Hergestellt 1972/73, veröffentlicht 1983. Der Film ist für die Verwendung in Forschung und Hochschulunterricht bestimmt. Die Auf• nahmen wurden von Dr. C. KAUFMANN und A. KAUFMANN-HEINIMANN, Museum für Völker• kunde Basel, hergestellt; mit Unterstützung durch den Schweizerischen Nationalfonds zur För• derung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung. Bearbeitet und veröffentlicht durch das Institut für den Wissenschaftlichen Film, Göttingen, D. KLEINDIENST-ANDRÉE, M. A.; Schnitt: E. FISCHER, Zeichentrickherstellung: H. GRÅSKE, K. WINTER. Sound film (com., German or English), 16 mm, colour, 455 m, 42 min (24 f/s). Produced 1972/73, published 1983. The film has been edited for use in research and higher education. The film was shot by Dr. C. KAUFMANN and A. KAUFMANN-HEINIMANN, Museum^für Völkerkunde Basel; with the support of the Swiss National Research Foundation. Edited and published by the Institut für den Wissenschaftlichen Film, Göttingen, D. KLEINDIENST-ANDRÉE, M. A.; cutting: E. FISCHER, animation: H. GRÅSKE, K. WINTER. Zitierform - Form of Citation KAUFMANN, C., und A. KAUFMANN-HEINIMANN: Pflanzer und Künstler - Führende Männer bei den Kwoma in Papua-Neuguinea. Film D 1479 des IWF, Göttingen 1983. Publikation (deutsch u. englisch) von C. KAUFMANN, Publ. Wiss. Film., Sekt. Ethnol., Ser. 13, Nr. 25/ D 1479 (1983), 44 S. Anschrift des Verfassers der Publikation - Address of the Author of the Publication Dr. C. KAUFMANN, Museum für Völkerkunde und Schweizerisches Museum für Volkskunde Basel, Postfach 1048, CH-4001 Basel. PUBLIKATIONEN ZU WISSENSCHAFTLICHEN FILMEN Sektion BIOLOGIE Sektion PSYCHOLOGIE • PÄDAGOGIK Sektion ETHNOLOGIE Sektion TECHNISCHE WISSENSCHAFTEN Sektion MEDIZIN NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN Sektion GESCHICHTE • PUBLIZISTIK Herausgeber: H.-K. GALLE • Schriftleitung: I. SIMON PUBLIKATIONEN ZU WISSENSCHAFTLICHEN FILMEN sind die schriftlichen Ergänzungen zu den Filmen des Instituts für den Wissenschaftlichen Film und der Encyclopaedia Cinematographica. Sie enthalten jeweils eine Einführung in das im Film behandelte Thema und die Begleitumstände des Films sowie eine genaue Beschreibung des Filminhalts. Film und Publikation zusammen stellen die wissenschaftliche Veröffentlichung dar. PUBLIKATIONEN ZU WISSENSCHAFTLICHEN FILMEN werden in deutscher, englischer oder französischer Sprache herausgegeben. Sie erscheinen als Einzelhefte, die in den fachlichen Sektionen zu Serien zusammengefaßt und im Abonnement bezogen werden können. Jede Serie besteht aus mehreren Lieferungen. Bestellungen und Anfragen an: Institut für den Wissenschaftlichen Film Nonnenstieg 72 • D-3400 Göttingen Tel. (0551)21034 ©Institut für den Wissenschaftlichen Film, Göttingen 1983 ISSN 0341-5910 Ethnol. 13/25-D 1479 FILME FÜR FORSCHUNG UND HOCHSCHULUNTERRICHT CHRISTIAN KAUFMANN und ANNE KAUFMANN-HEINIMANN, Basel: Film D 1479 Pflanzer und Künstler Führende Männer bei den Kwoma in Papua-Neuguinea Verfasser der Publikation - Author of the Publication: CHRISTIAN KAUFMANN Mit 10 Abbildungen - With 10 Figures Inhalt des Films: Pflanzer und Künstler - Führende Männer bei den Kwoma in Papua-Neuguinea. An Aus• schnitten aus dem Tätigkeitsfeld insbesondere eines führenden Mannes, YESSOMARI, aus dem Dorfe Meno-Saserman der Kwoma im Washkuk-Hügelland (Ambunti District, East Sepik Pro• vince) wird gezeigt, wie eng im täglichen Leben einer Pflanzerkultur verschiedene Bereiche ineinander verschlungen sind. Der Film folgt im wesentlichen dem Pflanzungszyklus vom Roden (Gemeinschaftsarbeit der Frauen und anderer zur näheren Umgebung des Pflanzers gehörender Männer) und Abbrennen über das Graben der Setzlöcher in Gemeinschaftsarbeit einer großen Männergruppe, das Pflanzen von Yams, das Hochbinden der Ranken und das Hegen als den drei spezifischen Tätigkeiten des Pflanzers bis zum Ernten. Dazwischen werden beispielhaft Einblicke vermittelt in andere Aufgabenbereiche von Männern, so in das Schnitzen einer Männerhausverzierung, in das Zubereiten einer Pandanusspeise, in die Sagogewinnung, in das Töpfern und Verzieren eines Zeremonialgefäßes sowie in das Bemalen einer in Kerb• schnitt verzierten Schildfläche. Ein kurzes Verweilen bei einem Erntefest, an dem auf dem Platz vor dem Männerhaus auch Frauen mit Tanzschilden aus verzierten Netztaschen teilneh• men, beschließt den Film. Summary of the Film: Planter and Artist - The Roles of Leading Members of the Kwoma in Papua New Guinea. How closely linked the various domains of a planting culture are in daily life is demonstrated by means of examples from the activities of a leading Kwoma, YESSOMARI, who comes from the village of Meno-Saserman in the Washkuk Hills (Ambunti District, East Sepik Province). The film largely follows the planting cycle, from clearing the land (work done co-operatively by the planter, other men from his close circle of friends and relations, and women) and burn• ing the stubble through the digging of planting holes (done co-operatively by a large group of men), planting the yams, tying up and tending the creepers (the planter's three specific activi• ties) to harvesting the crop. In between, glimpses are given of other sectors of male responsi• bility, like carving a decorated beam for a men's house, preparing a pandanus soup, extracting sago starch, making and decorating a piece of ceremonial pottery and painting a chip-carved shield. The film closes with a look at a harvest festival, which women with shields made of decorated net bags also take part in, dancing in front of the men's house. (For English version see pp. 27-41.) 3 Ethnol. 13/25-D 1479 Résumé du Film: Le cultivateur et l'artiste - Les rôles des hommes influants chez les Kwoma en Papouasie- Nouvelle Guinée. Le champ d'activité d'un homme influant (ou «grand homme») est présenté par des séquences couvrant surtout la vie de YESSOMARI, originaire du village kwoma de Meno-Saserman situé dans les collines Washkuk (district d'Ambunti, province du Sepik de l'Est). Celles-ci montrent de quelle façon ces différentes activités sont étroitement interdépen• dantes dans la vie quotidienne d'une société de cultivateurs. Le film suit essentiellement le cycle de la cultivation, du défrichement (travail collectif du cultivateur, de ses femmes ainsi que de quelques hommes appartenant à son groupe résidentiel) en passant par le brûlage; le travail exécuté par un groupe d'hommes assez nombreux: le creusage de trous; les procédés de plantation des ignames; la façon d'attacher les vrilles de celles-ci et de les soigner, illustrant ainsi les trois activités spécifiques du planteur avant la récolte. Entre ces étapes de travail sont introduites à titre d'exemples des séquences présentant des hommes influants en train d'exé• cuter d'autres tâches, comme par exemple sculpter un poteau décoratif pour la maison des hommes; préparer une soupe au pandanus; extraire par lavage l'amidon contenu dans la moelle du sagoutier; manufacturer et décorer dans l'argile une poterie ceremonielle; enfin de peindre la surface d'un bouclier décoré à l'encoche. Le film se termine par quelques brèves images lors d'une fête se référant à la récolte des ignames. Sur la place, devant la maison des hommes, les femmes participent également à la cérémonie en portant des sacoches de danse tendues au moyen d'une baguette de rotan. Allgemeine Vorbemerkungen Die Kwoma in Nord-Neuguinea Das traditionelle Siedlungsgebiet der Kwoma (Kuome, eigentlich koma, Berg- Leute) liegt im Hügelland von Washkuk, nordwestlich der Regierungsstation Ambunti, und gehört zur östlichen Sepik-Provinz von Papua-Neuguinea. Etwa 2000 Kwoma leben verteilt auf vier Siedlungsgruppen in einem rund 140 km2 gro• ßen Gebiet, das sowohl steil geneigte, dicht bewaldete Hügel und Bergzüge (drei Erhebungen erreichen 400 m ü. d. M. und mehr) als auch offene, in der Hochwas• serzeit zu Seen sich ausweitende Sumpfgebiete umfaßt. Letztere liegen im Einzugs• gebiet des Sanehi-Flusses bzw. im Rückstaubereich des oberen Sepiks. An der dem Sepik zugewandten Südgrenze des Kwoma-Gebiets finden sich überdies fischreiche Lagunen, d.h. alte Flußschleifen, die vom Hauptstrom durch natürliche Verlage• rungen des Flußbettes abgeschnitten worden sind. Im Norden wird das Kwoma- Gebiet von einer großen bewaldeten Ebene, dem Wohngebiet der Nukuma, und einzelnen Flächen offenen Graslands begrenzt. In jener Zone liegt nach Ansicht der Abb. 1. Karte des Washkuk-Hügellandes und der angrenzenden Gebiete zwischen Sepik- Ober- und Mittellauf Die Bezeichnungen der Kwoma-Dörfer sind unterstrichen. Die Ränder der gerasterten Flächen entsprechen dem Verlauf der 40-m-Höhenlinic; & markieren die Spitzen der Erhebungen. (Gezeichnet nach Vorlagen der Serie 1 : lOO'OOO, Flug• aufnahmen und eigenen Beobachtungen) Fig. 1. Map showing the Washkuk Hills and adjacent regions herween the upper und middle course of the Sepik Names of Kwoma villages are underlined. Margins of screened surfaces correspond to the course of the 40-m-contour line; * mark the peaks of elevations. (Drawn according to copies of the 1 : lOO'OOO scries, aerial and personal observations) 4 Ethnol. 13/25-D 1479 Geologen die Grenze zwischen den Ausläufern der zentralen Gebirgskette von Neuguinea
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