DOCSLIB.ORG

Signature Redacted Signature Rede Cted

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Signature Redacted Signature Rede Cted OVERCOMING INEQUALITY IN REGIONAL INNOVATION ECOSYSTEMS: THE BASQUE COUNTRY AND THE ADVANCE OF ECONOMIC DEMOCRACY by Juan Crist6bal Constain Ramos Professional Degree in Urban Management and Development Universidad del Rosario, 2013 Submitted to the Department of Urban Studies and Planning in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in City Planning at the MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY June 2018 @ Juan Crist6bal Constain Ramos All rights reserved The author of this paper hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and to distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part in any medium now known or hereafter created Signature redacted Author_ -Department of Urban Studies and Planning May 21, 2018 Signature rede cted Certified by' _Associate Professor J. Phillip Thompson Department of Urban Studies and Planning Thesis supervisor Signature reda cted Accepted ~Frofessor of the Practice, Ceasar McDowell Chair, MCP Committee Department of Urban Studies and Planning MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY JUN 18 2018 LIBRARIES ARCHIVES OVERCOMING INEQUALITY IN REGIONAL INNOVATION ECOSYSTEMS: THE BASQUE COUNTRY AND THE ADVANCE OF ECONOMIC DEMOCRACY by Juan Crist6bal Constain Ramos Submitted to the Department of Urban Studies and Planning on May 21 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in City Planning Abstract Cities and regions across the world have embarked on designing and implementing place-based economic development strategies for clustering innovation and entrepreneurship. This rising trend can be seen in the proliferation of Innovation Districts and Regional Innovation Ecosystems across many metropolitan regions in the US, Europe, and cities in the Global South. While many of these strategies rely heavily on urban physical transformation, most of them are the manifestation of a well-defined economic development policy that has been proven conducive to rising inequality. Moreover, the policies designed for territorializing innovation through regional ecosystems have prioritized wealth creation in ways that ladders of opportunity are only accessible to specific sectors of society. In turn, this has contributed to increasing inequality and disproportionately affected minorities and disenfranchised communities. Together with the negative consequences of skill- biased technological change and its profound impact on labor, the proliferation of strategies for clustering innovation have also created challenges in spatial and socioeconomic segregation in regions. Using the case of the Basque Country in Spain, this thesis examines the conditions that have enabled the establishment of a successful regional innovation ecosystem while advancing economic democracy at the same time. By examining the political economy of Basque economic development planning, the emergence of cooperative networks of firms such as Mondragon, and the local social and cultural, enabling factors, this thesis will produce a set of recommendations to policymakers and practitioners engaged in developing regional innovation ecosystems. Thesis advisor: J. Phillip Thompson Title: Associate Professor of Political Science and Urban Planning Reader: Nicholas luviene. 2 -Imm ---- -4 Acknowledgements I am deeply grateful to all of the people who participated in this process and contributed insights, feedback or support: Phil Thompson, my advisor, for challenging me to think about alternatives for building economic democracy and his encouragement and advice throughout this research process and over the past years. Nick luviene, my thesis reader, for the thoughtful recommendations and for the exciting conversations that inspired me to write about the Basque Country. Your advice and friendship was essential for this process. To my hosts in the Basque Country, the Mondragon Corporation. Ander Etxeberria for your time and expertise as well as your openness to collaborate. To the staff in Mondragon, the BBF, ZAWP, Universidad del Pais Vasco, Innobasque, Basque Culinary Center, ULMA, Tecnalia, for your time and thoughtful advice. To Juan Camilo Osorio, for his support in the framing of this research and for his friendship. To CoLab for providing a home for me and allowing me to grow personally and professionally over the past years. Your work is inspiring and working here has changed my life. I hope I'll continue to learn from you all every day. To the Inclusive Regional Development Team - Aly, Alison, Nata - for being supportive, for grounding my MIT experience in practice and, above all, for your friendship. To Aly Bryson and Dayna Cunningham for your incredible leadership and your guidance. You have been mentors and inspired me to be a better person. I can't thank you enough for all the opportunities. To my fellow DUSP classmates and colleagues, for making the experience of coming to MIT extraordinary. Especially to my fellow Latin American students in DUSP for your friendship and for helping me feel closer to home. To Cristian, Trinidad, Alicia and Santiago for your love and friendship, for welcoming us into your home. Andres, Estefania, Julian, Fernando, Flor; thank you for your friendship and support. To the MIT PKG Center, IDIN and MIT DUSP for providing funds for carrying out this research. Last and most importantly, to my parents and siblings for their unconditional love and support. You are my inspiration. Thank you for encouraging me to follow my dreams and supporting me every step of the way. To Juli for being my source of happiness, love and continuous encouragement. For all the happiness that comes from building our dreams together. Finally, I would like to dedicate this thesis to the memory of Felipe Ramos. Thank you for all the joy and love you brought to my life. 3 Contents A c k n o w le d g e m e n ts .......................................................................................................................................................... 3 L is t o f A c ro n ym s ............................................................................................................................................................... 5 L ist o f F ig u re s .................................................................................................................................................................... 6 L ist of T a b le s ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6 C hapter 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 7 1 . 1 . P u r p o s e ............................................................................................................................................................. 7 1.2 . Research Q uestion and M ethods........................................................................................................ 7 C hapter 2. Background.......................................................................................................................................... 10 2.1. Correlation betw een innovation and inequality........................................................................... 10 2.2. Regional Innovation Ecosystems as the model that territorializes innovation ................... 1 5 2.3. The Entrepreneurial State......................................................................................................................... 20 2.4 . Exam ples of unequal regional innovation ecosystem s.............................................................. 26 2.5. Econom ic dem ocracy and shared-w ealth creation...................................................................... 33 C hapter 3. Case Study: The Basque Country............................................................................................. 38 3.1. The N ew Basque Paradox ........................................................................................................................ 38 3.2. H istorical overview ..................................................................................................................................... 39 3.3. The Basque Econom y over tim e........................................................................................................ 4 1 3.4. Defining cultural traits - The construction of Basque Identity .............................................. 63 3.5. Basque Cooperativism ............................................................................................................................... 69 3 .5 .1 . M o n d ra g o n ........................................................................................................................................... 7 1 Chapter 4. Lessons from advancing economic democracy through innovation ecosystems ......... 87 4 .1. Shared governance m odels and institutional design ................................................................ 87 4 .2. The roots of cooperation and collaboration ................................................................................ 89 4 .3. Econom ic enablers...................................................................................................................................... 9 1 4 .4 . W ealth C reation vs. W ealth Redistribution ..................................................................................... 92 R
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ikaslan 7 Raul.Qxd
    PUBLICATION CONTENTS SUMMARY 45 programmes, which allows supporting trans-national mobility of Training. If there is no agreement, the students, as well as of training managers. This fosters the cooperation Government will step in, as it is its between the world of companies and the world of training in 2007. We responsibility. We are prepared for "The centres' role have just started a new Community action programme called starting the offer for 2007, but we will Igone Azpiroz, Lifelong Learning Director. "Lifelong Learning Programme". It will be implemented between the wait a reasonable time. is essential: they are specialised; 11th of January 2007 and the 31st of December 2013. Which is the role of Vocational - This programme replaces and integrates the Socrates programmes Training Centres and which role they are our "Our objective is to make the Basque (Comenius, Erasmus and Grundtvig) and the Leonardo da Vinci should they play in Continuous human and programme. Training? physical Since 2004, there has been an important change in the participation We rely on Vocational Training resources" Country a country of learning" of Basque young people regarding stays and internships in Europe. Centres. Their role is essential both in There has been an important quantitative and qualitative initial and in continuous training, and improvement, as a result of the structuring of project organisation even in occupational training. We "We go for a new and co-financing from the Lifelong Learning Directorate. believe in a vocational training integrating all sub-systems and we act accordingly, investing in them, perspective in Our centres are already experiencing the first changes, since, for working for their continuous improvement.
    [Show full text]
  • BEST PRACTICES in Anti-Terrorism Security for Sporting and Entertainment Venues RESOURCE GUIDE
    Command, Control and Interoperability Center for Advanced Data Analysis A Department of Homeland Security University Center of Excellence BEST PRACTICES in Anti-Terrorism Security for Sporting and Entertainment Venues RESOURCE GUIDE July 2013 Table of Contents Introduction to the Project ............................................................................................................7 Background...................................................................................................................................8 Identifying Best Practices in Anti-Terrorism Security in Sports Venues ......................................8 Identifying the Key Best Practices and Developing Metrics for Each .........................................11 Developing a Best Practices Resource Guide .............................................................................13 Testing the Guid e ........................................................................................................................13 Executive Summary....................................................................................................................13 Chapter 1 – Overview.................................................................................................................15 1.1 Introduction...........................................................................................................................15 1.2 Risk Assessment ...................................................................................................................15
    [Show full text]
  • The Dark Unknown History
    Ds 2014:8 The Dark Unknown History White Paper on Abuses and Rights Violations Against Roma in the 20th Century Ds 2014:8 The Dark Unknown History White Paper on Abuses and Rights Violations Against Roma in the 20th Century 2 Swedish Government Official Reports (SOU) and Ministry Publications Series (Ds) can be purchased from Fritzes' customer service. Fritzes Offentliga Publikationer are responsible for distributing copies of Swedish Government Official Reports (SOU) and Ministry publications series (Ds) for referral purposes when commissioned to do so by the Government Offices' Office for Administrative Affairs. Address for orders: Fritzes customer service 106 47 Stockholm Fax orders to: +46 (0)8-598 191 91 Order by phone: +46 (0)8-598 191 90 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.fritzes.se Svara på remiss – hur och varför. [Respond to a proposal referred for consideration – how and why.] Prime Minister's Office (SB PM 2003:2, revised 02/05/2009) – A small booklet that makes it easier for those who have to respond to a proposal referred for consideration. The booklet is free and can be downloaded or ordered from http://www.regeringen.se/ (only available in Swedish) Cover: Blomquist Annonsbyrå AB. Printed by Elanders Sverige AB Stockholm 2015 ISBN 978-91-38-24266-7 ISSN 0284-6012 3 Preface In March 2014, the then Minister for Integration Erik Ullenhag presented a White Paper entitled ‘The Dark Unknown History’. It describes an important part of Swedish history that had previously been little known. The White Paper has been very well received. Both Roma people and the majority population have shown great interest in it, as have public bodies, central government agencies and local authorities.
    [Show full text]
  • “Ama Lur” Mendi Sailak, Ikastolarekin Batera, 2011-2012 Ikasturtean Egingo Dituen Mendi Irteeren Egutegia
    SAN BENITO IKASTOLA “AMA LUR” MENDI SAILAK, IKASTOLAREKIN BATERA, 2011-2012 IKASTURTEAN EGINGO DITUEN MENDI IRTEEREN EGUTEGIA IRAILAK 18: EZPARRUKO BIRA (LAZKAO) URRIAK 9: ATAUN-IRAMENDI-LAZKAO (LAZKAO) URRIAK 23: FINALISTA EGUNA (ANDOAIN) AZAROAK 6: IZAZPI-MANDUBIA (AZKOITIA-BEASAIN) AZAROAK 27: (helduak) ERRIOXA ABENDUAK 4: ETXEGARATE-LAZKAO (IDIAZABAL) URTARRILAK 15: KURTZEBARRI (ARETXABALETA) URTARRILAK 22: (helduak) ARANTZAZU-OTZAURTE (OÑATI) OTSAILAK 12: BARGAMENDI (URBASA) (ALTSASU) OTSAILAK 26: ARANTZAZU-BARRANKOA-ARANTZAZU. MARTXOAK 11: IBILALDI NEURTUA (IDIAZABAL) MARTXOAK 25: ZARAUTZ-ZUMAIA (ZUMAIA) MAIATZAK 6: LAZKAOMENDI (LAZKAO) MAIATZAK 20: KANPAZAR-ARAMAIO (ARAMAIO) EKAINAK 2-3: FORMIGAL-LAGOS DE ANAYET-KANFRANK (PIRINEOAK) EKAINAK 10: SAN MIGEL-IRUMUGARRIETA-LAZKAO (SAN MIGEL) CALENDARIO DE SALIDAS DE LA SECCIÓN DE MONTAÑA “AMA LUR”, EN COLABORACIÓN CON LA IKASTOLA, PARA EL CURSO 2011-2012 SEPTIEMBRE 18: GIRA A EZPARRU (LAZKAO) OCTUBRE 9: ATAUN-IRAMENDI-LAZKAO (LAZKAO) OCTUBRE 23: DÍA DEL FINALISTA (ANDOAIN) NOVIEMBRE 6: IZAZPI-MANDUBIA (AZKOITIA) NOVIEMBRE 27: (Mayores) LA RIOJA DICIEMBRE 4: ETXEGARATE-LAZKAO (IDIAZABAL) ENERO 15: KURTZEBARRI (ARETXABALETA) ENERO 22: (Mayores) ARANTZAZU-OTZAURTE (OÑATI) FEBRERO 12: BARGAMENDI (URBASA) (ALTSASU) FEBRERO 26: ARANTZAZU-BARRANKOA-ARANTZAZU(OÑATI) MARZO 11: MARCHA REGULADA (IDIAZABAL) MARZO 25: ZARAUTZ-ZUMAIA (ZUMAIA) MAYO 6: LAZKAOMENDI (LAZKAO) MAYO 20: KANPAZAR-ARAMAIO (ARAMAIO) JUNIO 2-3: FORMIGAL-LAGOS DE ANAYET-KANFRANK (PIRINEOS) JUNIO 10: SAN MIGEL-IRUMUGARRIETA-LAZKAO
    [Show full text]
  • How Can a Modern History of the Basque Country Make Sense? on Nation, Identity, and Territories in the Making of Spain
    HOW CAN A MODERN HISTORY OF THE BASQUE COUNTRY MAKE SENSE? ON NATION, IDENTITY, AND TERRITORIES IN THE MAKING OF SPAIN JOSE M. PORTILLO VALDES Universidad del Pais Vasco Center for Basque Studies, University of Nevada (Reno) One of the more recurrent debates among Basque historians has to do with the very object of their primary concern. Since a Basque political body, real or imagined, has never existed before the end of the nineteenth century -and formally not until 1936- an «essentialist» question has permanently been hanging around the mind of any Basque historian: she might be writing the histo- ry of an non-existent subject. On the other hand, the heaviness of the «national dispute» between Basque and Spanish identities in the Spanish Basque territories has deeply determined the mean- ing of such a cardinal question. Denying the «other's» historicity is a very well known weapon in the hands of any nationalist dis- course and, conversely, claiming to have a millenary past behind one's shoulders, or being the bearer of a single people's history, is a must for any «national» history. Consequently, for those who consider the Spanish one as the true national identity and the Basque one just a secondary «decoration», the history of the Basque Country simply does not exist or it refers to the last six decades. On the other hand, for those Basques who deem the Spanish an imposed identity, Basque history is a sacred territory, the last refuge for the true identity. Although apparently uncontaminated by politics, Basque aca- demic historiography gently reproduces discourses based on na- - 53 - ESPANA CONTEMPORANEA tionalist assumptions.
    [Show full text]
  • Threnody Amy Fitzgerald Macalester College, [email protected]
    Macalester College DigitalCommons@Macalester College English Honors Projects English Department 2012 Threnody Amy Fitzgerald Macalester College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/english_honors Part of the English Language and Literature Commons Recommended Citation Fitzgerald, Amy, "Threnody" (2012). English Honors Projects. Paper 21. http://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/english_honors/21 This Honors Project - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the English Department at DigitalCommons@Macalester College. It has been accepted for inclusion in English Honors Projects by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Macalester College. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Threnody By Amy Fitzgerald English Department Honors Project, May 2012 Advisor: Peter Bognanni 1 Glossary of Words, Terms, and Institutions Commissie voor Oorlogspleegkinderen : Commission for War Foster Children; formed after World War II to relocate war orphans in the Netherlands, most of whom were Jewish (Dutch) Crèche : nursery (French origin) Fraulein : Miss (German) Hervormde Kweekschool : Reformed (religion) teacher’s training college Hollandsche Shouwberg : Dutch Theater Huppah : Jewish wedding canopy Kaddish : multipurpose Jewish prayer with several versions, including the Mourners’ Kaddish KP (full name Knokploeg): Assault Group, a Dutch resistance organization LO (full name Landelijke Organasatie voor Hulp aan Onderduikers): National Organization
    [Show full text]
  • MCC/Memoria 98/Ingl‣s
    MCC/Memoria 98/inglés 17/6/99 12:51 Página 1 Annual Report 1998 MONDRAGON CORPORACION COOPERATIVA 1 MCC/Memoria 98/inglés 17/6/99 12:51 Página 2 ondragón Corporación Cooperativa (MCC) is the fruit of the co-operative movement initiated in 1956, the year in which the first industrial co- operative was set up in Mondragón, Gipuzkoa, M Spain. Its business philosophy can be found in its Corporate Values: • Co-operation • Participation • Social Commitment •Includes Innovation banking, social welfare, insurance and MCC’s mission combines the basic objectives of a business organi- sation competing on international markets with the use of demo- cratic methods in its company organisation, job creation, advan- cement of its workers in human and professional terms and commitment to social development. In organisational terms, Mondragón Corporación Cooperativa is divided into three groups: Financial, Industrial and Distribution, together with the Research, Training and Education areas. Financial Group: leasing Industrial Group: Consists of seven divisions engaged in indus- trial production. Distribution Group: Combines retailing with agricultural-food acti- vities. CENTRO CORPORATIVO de MCC Pº José Mª Arizmendiarrieta, nº 5 20500 MONDRAGON - Guipúzcoa MCC/Memoria 98/inglés 17/6/99 12:51 Página 1 1 MCC/Memoria 98/inglés 17/6/99 12:51 Página 2 MCC/Memoria 98/inglés 17/6/99 12:51 Página 3 Sumary Highlights 4 Message from the President 5 Financial Group 9 •Caja Laboral 11 •Lagun-Aro 13 Industrial Group 15 •Automotive 18 •Components 19 •Construction 20
    [Show full text]
  • Pathways out of Violence Desecuritization and Legalization of Bildu and Sortu in the Basque Country Bourne, Angela
    Roskilde University Pathways out of violence Desecuritization and legalization of Bildu and Sortu in the Basque Country Bourne, Angela Published in: Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe Publication date: 2018 Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Citation for published version (APA): Bourne, A. (2018). Pathways out of violence: Desecuritization and legalization of Bildu and Sortu in the Basque Country. Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe, 17(3), 45-66. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain. • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 01. Oct. 2021 Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe Vol 17, No 3, 2018, 45-66. Copyright © ECMI 2018 This article is located at: http://www.ecmi.de/fileadmin/downloads/publications/JEMIE/201 8/Bourne.pdf Pathways out of Violence: Desecuritization and Legalization of Bildu and Sortu in the Basque Country Angela Bourne Roskilde University Abstract In this article, I examine political processes leading to the legalization of the Batasuna- successor parties, Bildu and Sortu.
    [Show full text]
  • Moving up the Future of Automotive Components
    MOVING UP THE FUTURE OF AUTOMOTIVE COMPONENTS fagorederlangroup GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE COMPONENTS SUPPLIER « Not all Fagor Ederlan plants « The cooperative is a « Fagor Ederlan has are cooperatives, however, business model in which I feel allowed me to develop cooperative values allow us to represented. My opinion and both professionally and share experiences, promote work are taken into account and personally » respect, equality and generate valued » value through our work » 4 fagorederlangroup The commitment and solidarity of our people make Fagor Ederlan a different place in which to work. More than 4,500 people form part of this reality throughout the world. We at Fagor Ederlan are not only workers but also owners; our work and commitment are geared towards business success and social development of the environment in which we live. Our values and cooperative culture transcend business. At Fagor Ederlan employment, sustainability and social transformation are our objectives. WE ARE A COOPERATIVE Since being founded in 1963, we have formed part of the Mondragon Group. We are the industrial cooperative with most members within the Mondragon Group. 72% 4,500 of all Fagor Ederlan S.Coop Fagor Ederlan workers workers are cooperative worldwide members 5 LIGHT VEHICLE INDUSTRIAL VEHICLE 6 fagorederlangroup We are world leaders in the manufacture of components for the Automotive sector. Talent, technological capability and an ongoing commitment to innovation allow us to customise our offer in the terms of Chassis, Powertrain, Electric Powertrain and Structural components. We are specialists in operation and experts in the entire value chain. WE ARE AUTOMOTIVE Continuous improvement of product features, weight reduction of components to reduce CO2 emissions and electrification are just part of our DNA.
    [Show full text]
  • The Basquebasque Archives,Archives, Aa Sourcesource Ofof Identityidentity TABLE of CONTENTS
    Issue 68 Year 2005 TheThe BasqueBasque archives,archives, aa sourcesource ofof identityidentity TABLE OF CONTENTS GAURKO GAIAK / CURRENT EVENTS: The Basque archives, a source of identity Issue 68 Year 3 • Josu Legarreta, Basque Director of Relations with Basque Communities. The BasqueThe archives,Basque 4 • An interview with Arantxa Arzamendi, a source of identity Director of the Basque Cultural Heritage Department 5 • The Basque archives can be consulted from any part of the planet 8 • Classification and digitalization of parish archives 9 • Gloria Totoricagüena: «Knowledge of a common historical past is essential to maintaining a people’s signs of identity» 12 • Urazandi, a project shining light on Basque emigration 14 • Basque periodicals published in Venezuela and Mexico Issue 68. Year 2005 ARTICLES 16 • The Basque "Y", a train on the move 18 • Nestor Basterretxea, sculptor. AUTHOR A return traveller Eusko Jaurlaritza-Kanpo Harremanetarako Idazkaritza 20 • Euskaditik: The Bishop of Bilbao, elected Nagusia President of the Spanish Episcopal Conference Basque Government-General 21 • Euskaditik: Election results Secretariat for Foreign Action 22 • Euskal gazteak munduan / Basque youth C/ Navarra, 2 around the world 01007 VITORIA-GASTEIZ Nestor Basterretxea Telephone: 945 01 7900 [email protected] DIRECTOR EUSKAL ETXEAK / ETXEZ ETXE Josu Legarreta Bilbao COORDINATION AND EDITORIAL 24 • Proliferation of programs in the USA OFFICE 26 • Argentina. An exhibition for the memory A. Zugasti (Kazeta5 Komunikazioa) 27 • Impressions of Argentina
    [Show full text]
  • Natural Beauty Spots Paradises to Be Discovered
    The Active OUTDOORS Natural Beauty Spots Paradises to be discovered Walking and biking in Basque Country Surfing the waves Basque Coast Geopark Publication date: April 2012 Published by: Basquetour. Basque Tourism Agency for the Basque Department of Industry, Innovation, Commerce and Tourism Produced by: Bell Communication Photographs and texts: Various authors Printed by: MCC Graphics L.D.: VI 000-2011 The partial or total reproduction of the texts, maps and images contained in this publication without the San Sebastián express prior permission of the publisher and the Bilbao authors is strictly prohibited. Vitoria-Gasteiz All of the TOP experiences detailed in TOP in this catalogue are subject to change and EXPE RIEN may be updated. Therefore, we advise you CE to check the website for the most up to date prices before you book your trip. www.basquecountrytourism.net The 24 Active OUT- DOORS 20 28LOCAL NATURE SITES 6 Protected Nature Reserves Your gateway to Paradise 20 Basque Country birding Bird watching with over 300 species 24 Basque Coast Geopark Explore what the world way 6 34 like 60 million years ago ACTIVITIES IN THE BASQUE COUNTRY 28 Surfing Surfing the Basque Country amongst the waves and mountains 34 Walking Walking the Basque Country Cultural Landscape Legacy 42 42 Biking Enjoy the Basque Country's beautiful bike-rides 48 Unmissable experiences 51 Practical information Gorliz Plentzia Laredo Sopelana THE BASQUE Castro Urdiales Kobaron Getxo ATXURI Pobeña ITSASLUR Muskiz GREENWAY GREENWAY Portugalete ARMAÑÓN Sondika COUNTRY'S MONTES DE HIERRO Gallarta Sestao NATURAL PARK GREENWAY Ranero BILBAO La Aceña-Atxuriaga PROTECTED Traslaviña Balmaseda PARKS AND AP-68 Laudio-Llodio RESERVES Amurrio GORBEIA NATURAL PARK Almost 25% of Basque Country Orduña territory comprises of protected nature areas: VALDEREJO A Biosphere Reserve, nine AP-68 NATURAL PARK Natural Parks, the Basque Lalastra Coast Geopark, more than Angosto three hundred bird species, splendid waves for surfing and Zuñiga Antoñana numerous routes for walking or biking.
    [Show full text]
  • Humanity at Work. MONDRAGON, a Social Innovation
    Humanity at work MONDRAGON, a social innovation ecosystem case study First published in the United Kingdom in 2017 by The Young Foundation 18 Victoria Park Square London E 2 9 PF Acknowledgements Authors We wish to thank people both at MONDRAGON Dr Charlotte Heales, Dr Mary Hodgson co-operatives and living around its & Hannah Rich headquarters in the Basque Country who collaborated in the research by giving interviews and helping us understand the data. Illustrations We are very grateful that people gave their time to reflect on the research and its meaning. Poster design and illustration Jamie Beard. We have anonymised personal identifiers and Words, Dr Hannah Green. disguised some details in order that people felt able to speak freely. Any similarities are incidental and any mistakes ours. The authors Report design by also wish to thank colleagues at The Young Foundation who helped develop viewpoints and Effusion support the publishing of this case study. The Young Foundation Inequalities are widespread and complex and affect many areas of people’s lives. The Young Foundation is a research and action institute with a track record of confronting these inequalities. We work across the UK and internationally to create insight and innovations which put people at the heart of social change. We don’t exist only to accumulate capital… we want to leave future generations something better than what we found. 1 | | 2 Contents Foreword 5 Executive summary 6 Key implications of our research with MONDRAGON 9 1. Introduction 10 About this case study 12 About MONDRAGON, our case study context 13 Inter-co-operation and intra-co-operation 14 Case study: how inter and intra-co-operation is operationalised at MONDRAGON 15 The national context: the Basque Country 16 2.
    [Show full text]