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Issue 68 Year 2005 TheThe BasqueBasque archives,archives, aa sourcesource ofof identityidentity TABLE OF CONTENTS GAURKO GAIAK / CURRENT EVENTS: The Basque archives, a source of identity Issue 68 Year 3 • Josu Legarreta, Basque Director of Relations with Basque Communities. The BasqueThe archives,Basque 4 • An interview with Arantxa Arzamendi, a source of identity Director of the Basque Cultural Heritage Department 5 • The Basque archives can be consulted from any part of the planet 8 • Classification and digitalization of parish archives 9 • Gloria Totoricagüena: «Knowledge of a common historical past is essential to maintaining a people’s signs of identity» 12 • Urazandi, a project shining light on Basque emigration 14 • Basque periodicals published in Venezuela and Mexico Issue 68. Year 2005 ARTICLES 16 • The Basque "Y", a train on the move 18 • Nestor Basterretxea, sculptor. AUTHOR A return traveller Eusko Jaurlaritza-Kanpo Harremanetarako Idazkaritza 20 • Euskaditik: The Bishop of Bilbao, elected Nagusia President of the Spanish Episcopal Conference Basque Government-General 21 • Euskaditik: Election results Secretariat for Foreign Action 22 • Euskal gazteak munduan / Basque youth C/ Navarra, 2 around the world 01007 VITORIA-GASTEIZ Nestor Basterretxea Telephone: 945 01 7900 [email protected] DIRECTOR EUSKAL ETXEAK / ETXEZ ETXE Josu Legarreta Bilbao COORDINATION AND EDITORIAL 24 • Proliferation of programs in the USA OFFICE 26 • Argentina. An exhibition for the memory A. Zugasti (Kazeta5 Komunikazioa) 27 • Impressions of Argentina and Uruguay PHOTOGRAPHS • "Basque Presence", 15 years on the air Photographs from the Office of the 28 President and DEIA archives 29 • Two deeply felt deaths EDITOR Eusko Jaurlaritzaren Argitalpen Zerbitzu Nagusia S@REAN / E-MAIL TXOKO Basque Government Central 30 • Letters to the editor Publication Service LAYOUT AND DESIGN Oihana Pagola (Didart) CUISINE 31 • Hilario Arbelaitz [Restaurante Zuberoa] PRINTING Slow-cooked suckling pig in cummin Xxxxxxxxxxx ISSN: 1579-4210 THE BASQUE ARCHIVES, A SOURCE OF IDENTITY Aurkezpena Opening letter Director of Relations with JOSU LEGARRETA Basque Communities oday’s globalizing specific information or sources to trends lead, almost by which they can take recourse. inertia, to considering Tthe assumption of The reader will find in this issue of concepts like change, Euskal Etxeak ample information evolution, transformation or on the most important archives in adaptation as necessary, if not Euskadi, with an extremely inborn, to human important document reality. As if fate itself database on Basque history, had predestined people its corresponding web to a futuristic approach pages, e-mails, services, to life with respect to On the need to manners of functioning, etc. politics and economics, We believe that this to philosophy, culture seek origins information can be of great and even religion. help to their potential queries, and even research. This said, not all aspects of human life are result of them, migratory However, on the other hand, given characterized by this futuristic movements, increasingly more the responsibility of this future sense. When pondering over our important in any part of the world, proving itself unattainable by the individual or collective identity, we cause social changes of tremendous day, we would be grateful to cannot completely rid ourselves of importance in several areas of readers for any help they may be our pasts. This past of successes social life. And as a spontaneous able to offer these archives or to and happy memories or of reaction, almost like an instinct of others for the donation or loan of disappointments and failures, which preservation, each new day sees an materials. At the end of the day have in some way contributed to rise in the number of people taking history is something that we all shaping the personality of a person an interest in their origins, in their make together. and even of a people. genealogical trees, in the meaning of their surname or in the boosting The Directorate for Relations with And it is this contrast, on occasions of the collectivity to which they Basque Communities makes the contradictory, between past and belong. most of this opportunity to future that kindles in human beings introduce the reader to the two the need to find a satisfactory Modern communication important document recovery answer to the questions technologies therefore make it programs currently underway: continuously raised by their possible to reduce the distance and publication of the Urazandi intimate desire to know who they time taken to obtain the desired collection and digitalization of the are as individual persons and as information and even facilitate Basque magazines published in collective beings. interrelation between peoples. America between 1876 and 1976. This problem of identity will And we Basques are no exception. Convinced that any questions asked escalate in the future. It’s no Several thousands of people feel about the past are true exponents longer a question of observing the themselves to Basque, despite of the need and desire to deal with repercussions of technological lacking an in-depth knowledge of the challenges raised by our progress on personal and social today’s reality in Euskadi, and, as a concern for identity, we thank you issues. Together with these, or as a result of their sentiments, request in advance for your collaboration. Issue 68. Year 2005 GAURKO GAIAK 3 EUSKADIKO ARTXIBOAK, NORTASUN ITURRIAK ARANTXA ARZAMENDI, Basque Director of Cultural Heritage «Technology will permit Basque communities to access the Basque Digital Memory» Arantxa Arzamendi, Eusko Jaurlaritzako Kultura Ondarearen zuzendari da eta berari dagokio Erkidegoko artxibategien antolaketa eta koordinazioa bultzatuko dituen politikak lantzea. Bide horretan Irargi erakundea aipatzen du ezinbesteko erreferentzi bezala eta hurrengo urteetako lanaren ardatzak iaz onartu zen Kulturaren Euskal Planean finkatuta daudela gogorarazi nahi du. How would you assess the situation of Basque historical archives? The Basque historical archives, those constituted by documents of solely historical interest, were born as early as the 15th Century. Skimming over the history of Euskadi until today, the main reference appeared in the Hshape of the Basque Cultural Heritage Act, approved in 1990, and which readjusted the archivistic panorama. The result of this Act was the creation of Irargi, the Basque Government Documentary Archive and Heritage Center, responsible for designing and developing an archive policy in Euskadi. On the other hand, the three Regional Governments and the plans are currently underway to create a "Basque Government of Spain maintain ownership and authority digital memory" program, resulting from coordination in their respective areas, while the local and integration of the action taken by the different administrations are gradually setting up their own agents involved (archives, libraries, document centers, archive services. The panorama is rounded off by museums) dedicated to the preservation of cultural privately-owned archives, such as those belonging to the heritage and its digital diffusion. Catholic Church, archives belonging to entities of historical tradition such as the Royal Basque Society of What is the meaning of the role played by archives Friends of the Country, archives belonging to families as far as identity is concerned? and company archives. Today’s archives go beyond the traditional concept of serving as places in which to deposit documentary What Basque Government projects exist in this heritage and are turning into spaces dedicated to the respect? promotion of cultural and scientific participation by Culture-related Basque Government actions and linking the documents deposited in them to the undertakings are defined in the recently approved historical values of the different social groups. Basque Plan on Culture participated in by both public and private agents involved in the sector. The most What role do or can these archives play with important projects for the archive system are: respect to Basque communities around the world? definition and materialization of the Basque Historical The development of information and communication Archive, consolidation of the Euskadi Archive Network technologies will facilitate rapid access to archive and System, fostering content digitalization and its documents forming part of this Digital Memory thus incorporation to the web. Finally, as a proposal for offering a first-class identity reference to Basque future development in the area of heritage in general, communities throughout the world. 4 CURRENT EVENTS Issue 68. Year 2005 THE BASQUE ARCHIVES, A SOURCE OF IDENTITY The Basque archives, open to globalization The Basque Documentary Heritage Center, located in Bergara, Gipuzkoa, and dependent on the Basque Government’s Department of Culture, is responsible for all Basque archives, except for those corresponding to the three regional governments, which each have their own systems. Borja Aginagalde is the Director of this Archive Service responsible for public, private and church archives. Ever since its creation in 1986, the Documentary Heritage Center has been channeling efforts into three main areas: the creation of a National Archive, an archive digitalization project making information accessible online, and the creation of a stable archive network. "Although in recent years the different administrations have created their own archives and
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