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Medical Terminology MINISTRY OF HEALTH OF UKRAINE KHARKIV NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY Self-study guide for English medium students Kharkiv 2013 1 MINISTRY OF HEALTH OF UKRAINE KHARKIV NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY Self-study guide for English medium students Approved by Learned Council of KNMU Record of proceedings No. 11 dated 26.12.2013 Kharkiv 2013 2 Методичні вказівки до самостійної роботи (для іноземних студентів) / Упоряд. І . В . Корнейко, В.Б. Кальницька, О.В. Крайненко. Харків: ХНМУ, 2013. – 48 с. – Англ. Затверджено Вченою Радою ХНМУ. Протокол № 11 від 26.12.2013. © І.В. Корнейко © В.Б. Кальницька © О.В. Крайненко © ХНМУ 3 Foreword The language of medicine, historically established on the basis of Latin, along with national medical vocabulary contains great number of Latin loanwords. Word formation and specifically medical terminology of Latin origin is of the crucial importance for medical students. When you work in health care, it is important to know the language of medicine. Doing so is vital to become an integral part of the team and is necessary to follow through on your job responsibility. Being able to speak and understand this language enables you to do your job quickly and efficiently. The content of the guide is logically organized in three blocks (or modules). The general plan of the guide is as follows: the first four units (module 1) constitute the foundation of the course and introduce the overall approach to understanding the medical language. These units cover basic suffixes, prefixes, and combining forms, as well as terms involving the human body as a whole. Module 2 (units 5 through 16) focuses on terminology related to the structure and functions of specific body systems (digestive, respiratory systems etc) on the ground of known and new combining forms, providing definitions that help connect words to their meanings. Several learning aids are included in this workbook, such as simple anatomical diagrams and figures representing body parts or systems. Each unit ends with self-check exercises and keys to them aimed to induce you to compare, analyze and realize your knowledge by the fulfillment of these tasks. Chapters 17 through 20 deal with specialized areas of medicine – cancer medicine, medical imaging, pharmacology and microbiology. At the end of the book you will find the dictionary of combining forms and their meanings. Every professional working in the health care industry – from first-year medical students to physicians – requires knowledge of the language of the medical terminology. Using the features of this guide you will be able to quickly and effectively perform your job and communicate with other health care professionals. How to work with the guide The book begins with two charts demonstrating the course content for the students of medicine and dentistry. Choose your chart. It shows all the topics studied and tests you are to pass. It also contains spaces for your notes. Units 1 – 4 cover general rules of term analysis. They open with explanation of the rules followed by the list of prefixes, suffices, combining forms. Each unit contains exercises which will help you to get the experience of understanding and building new medical words. Working with these units you will build a medical language vocabulary. Units 5 – 16 discuss the terminology of the body systems. Units 17-20 concentrate on special areas of medicine. They continue the general format of the previous units. Each unit contains a list of combining forms and their meaning. The exercises with keys will give you the opportunity to master and review the material of the unit. They will help you to prepare for the tests which are written after mastering the material of each unit. 4 Course content (medicine) Module Subject Unit Notes 1. Basic word structure 1 Orientation Terms pertaining to the body as a whole 2 to medical Combined test 1 terminology Suffixes and final combining forms 3 Prefixes 4 Final test 1 2. Digestive system 5 Body Urinary system 7 systems Reproductive system 8 Combined test 2 Nervous system 9 Cardiovascular system 10 Respiratory system 11 Blood and lymphatic system 12 Combined test 3 Musculoskeletal system 13 Skin 14 Sense organs 15 Endocrine system 16 Final test 2 3. Cancer 17 Diseases, Medical imaging 18 their Combined test 4 causes, and Pharmacology 19 treatment Microbiology 20 Final test 3 5 Course content (dentistry) Module Subject Unit Notes 1. Basic word structure 1 Orientation Terms pertaining to the body as a whole 2 to medical Combined test 1 terminology Suffixes and final combining forms 3 Prefixes 4 Final test 1 2. Digestive system 5 Body Teeth and oral facial region 6 systems Urinary system 7 Reproductive system 8 Combined test 2 Nervous system 9 Cardiovascular system 10 Respiratory system 11 Blood and lymphatic system 12 Combined test 3 Musculoskeletal system 13 Skin 14 Sense organs 15 Endocrine system 16 Final test 2 3. Cancer 17 Diseases, Medical imaging 18 their causes Combined test 4 and Pharmacology 19 treatment Microbiology 20 Final test 3 6 Recommended literature and sources of information: A short course in medical terminology / C. Edward Collins. Philadelphia, Penn.; London: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006. Chabner D.-E. Medical terminology : a short course St. Louis, Miss.: Elsevier Saunders, 2005. Illustrated guide to medical terminology / Juanita J. Davies. Australia; United Kingdom: Thompson Delmar Learning, 2007. Medical terminology: a living language / Bonnie F. Fremgen, Suzanne S. Frucht. Upper Saddle River, N.J. : Pearson Prentice Hall, 2009. Medical terminology: a word-building approach / Jane Rice. Upper Saddle River, N.J. : Pearson/Prentice Hall, c2008. Medical terminology and clinical procedures / Mary Bird. London: National Services for Health Improvement, c2008. Medical Terminology Made Incredibly Easy, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams $ Wilkins, 2002. Medical terminology systems: a body systems approach / Barbara A. Gylys, Mary Ellen Wedding. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis, 2005. The language of medicine: a write-in text explaining medical terms / Davi-Ellen Chabner. Philadelphia; London: Saunders, 2001. Concise medical dictionary. Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2007. Dorland's electronic medical dictionary [electronic resource]. London : W.B. Saunders, 2000. Dorland's illustrated medical dictionary. Philadelphia : Saunders, 2007. Mosby's medical, nursing, & allied health dictionary. / chief lexicographer Douglas M. Anderson ; lexicographers: Jeff Keith, Patricia D. Novak : lexicographic coordinator: Michelle A. Elliot St. Louis, Mo.; London : Mosby, 2002. Stedman's Medical dictionary / [editor, Marjory Spraycar ; senior editor, Elizabaeth Randolph] Baltimore ; London : Williams & Wilkins, 1995. 7 Assessment The students’ knowledge is assessed by means of tests (regular tests, combined tests and modyule tests). Twenty regular tests are done after each unit. A regular test contains 10 tasks ro build a medical word and 10 tasks to analyze a medical word. The students are given 20 minutes to right this test. The works are assesed by the percent of correct answers: 90-100% - 5; 75-89% – 4, 60-74% – 3; >60 – 2. A combined test contains 20 tasks to analyze a medical word and 20 tasks tp build a medical word. They are assessed in the similar way: 90-100% - 5; 75-89% – 4, 60-74% – 3; >60 – 2. A module test has three levels. Level one measures understanding. This is a multiple choice test containing 20 tasks to be done in 10 minutes. The works are assesed by the percent of correct answers: 20 answers (100% ) – 59 points, 19 answers (97%) - 57 points, 18 answers (93%) - 55 points, 17 answers (90%) - 53 points, 16 answers (87%) - 51 points, 15 answers (83%) – 50 points. The student who has made zero, one, or two mistakes can go to level two. At level two the students are to do 10 tasks to build a medical word and 10 tasks to analyze a medical word. The works are assesed by the percent of correct answers: 20 answers (100% ) – 71 points, 19 answers (97%) - 69 points, 18 answers (93%) - 67 points, 17 answers (90%) - 65 points, 16 answers (87%) - 63 points, 15 answers (83%) – 61 points. The student who has made zero, one or two mistakes can go to level three. Level three is interview with the head of department or an associate professor. By the results of the interview up to 9 points can be added to the student’s mark. Module test assessment % of correct answers Number of correct Level 1 points Level 2 points answers 100 20 59 71 97 19 57 89 93 18 55 67 90 17 53 65 87 16 51 63 83 15 50 61 The students who transfer from the Russian medium to the English medium or from the medical school where this subject was not taught do a transfer test. This test consists of three levels. Level one measures understanding. This is a multiple choice test containing 30 tasks to be done in 10 minutes. The works are assesed by the percent of correct answers: 30 answers (100% ) – 59 points, 29 answers (97%) - 57 points, 28 answers (93%) - 55 points, 27 answers (90%) - 53 points, 26 answers (87%) - 51 points, 25 answers (83%) – 50 points. The student who has made zero, one, or two mistakes can go to level two. At level two the students are to do 10 tasks to build a medical word and 10 tasks to analyze a medical word. The works are assesed by the percent of correct answers: 20 answers (100% ) – 71 points, 19 answers (97%) - 69 points, 18 answers (93%) - 67 points, 17 answers (90%) - 65 points, 16 answers (87%) - 63 points, 15 answers (83%) – 61 points. The student who has made zero, one or two mistakes can go to level three. Level three is interview with the head of department or an associate professor. If the student passes this stage, he gets 180 points (an excellent mark).
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