DOCSLIB.ORG

P. Infestans • Phenotype • Genotype 4 Late Blight Control About Heilongjiang Swan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
P. Infestans • Phenotype • Genotype 4 Late Blight Control About Heilongjiang Swan Workshop 2015 HAAS, HARBIN, China Study on Potato Late Blight in Heilongjiang Guo Mei Professor Virus-free Seedling Research Institute of HASS CONTENT 1 About Heilongjiang 2 Potato Late Blight in Heilongjiang 3 Population of P. infestans • Phenotype • Genotype 4 Late Blight Control About Heilongjiang swan China • North-east tip of China About Heilongjiang • Population: 38.35 million • Ethnic nationalities: 51 • City: 13 • County: 66 Major Crops Grown in Heilongjiang Wheat Others Soybean 4.01million ha 1.57% 8.92% Soybean Potato 33.11% Corn 4.00million ha 3.06% Rice 2.46million ha Potato 0.37million ha Rice Wheat 0.19million ha 20.31% Corn Others 1.08million ha 33.03% Total 12.12million ha Potato in Heilongjiang Mini-tuber • Seed potato 20% in China • Processing enterprise 500 RACE: 1.3.4.7.8.10.11 1.3.4.7.10.11 14 races Commercial potato Potato in Heilongjiang Location Year Harbin Qiqihar Heihe Daxinganling 1997 Slight Slight —— —— 1998 Heavy Heavy —— —— 1999 Slight Slight Heavy Heavy 2000 Slight —— Heavy Heavy 2001 Slight —— Moderate Moderate 2002 Moderate Severe Slight Slight 2003 Slight Heavy Heavy Heavy 2004 Slight Heavy Severe Severe 2005 Heavy Heavy Heavy Severe 2006 Severe Severe Severe Heavy 2007 No infection No infection Slight Severe 2008 Slight Slight Severe Moderate 2009 Heavy Heavy Severe Heavy 2010 Severe Moderate Slight Moderate 2011 Moderate Moderate Severe Moderate 2012 Severe Heavy Severe Heavy 2013 Heavy Severe Heavy Heavy Population of P. infestans mating type A2 A1 No A2 mating type in Heilongjiang 2005-2011 Population of P. infestans Mating type in Heilongjiang Samples locations Population of P. infestans Number of Mating type Number of Mating type Year Location Year Location Isolates (A2/A1) Isolates (A2/A1) 2005 BAYAN 1 0/1 2011 GANNAN 14 1/13 DAXINGANLING 1 0/1 HARBIN 34 15/19 KESHAN 1 0/1 HEGANG 4 0/4 LINKOU 1 0/1 HUMA 6 0/6 Total 4 0/4 KESHAN 6 0/6 2006 BAYAN 1 0/1 NENGJIANG 1 0/1 HARBIN 1 0/1 ZHAODONG 2 1/1 KESHAN 1 0/1 Total 67 17/50 WANGKUI 1 0/1 2012 HARBIN 30 17/13 Total 4 0/4 KESHAN 1 0/1 2007 HARBIN 4 0/4 NENGJIANG 3 0/3 4 0/4 YIAN 4 0/4 2008 DAXINGANLING 2 0/2 ZHAODONG 19 10/9 HARBIN 4 0/4 Total 57 27/30 Total 6 0/6 2013 HARBIN 11 8/3 2010 HARBIN 21 0/21 HEIHE 12 12/0 KESHAN 14 0/14 JIAMUSI 1 0/1 MOHE 6 0/6 KESHAN 1 1/0 TAHE 13 0/13 NEHE 6 0/6 Total 54 0/54 SUIHUA 6 0/6 Total 37 21/16 Physiological races in Heilongjiang Year Differential host Physiological race No. race Dominant race 1962- r, R1, R2, R3, R4, R1R2, R1R3,R1R4, R2R4,R3R4,R1R2R4,R1R3R4,R1R2R 0, 4, ， 1967 3R4,RXRYR2, 1.4, 1. 3. 4 4 0 4 Huang S.StolR2, S.StolR6 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, r, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, 2000 5, 7, 9, 11, R9, R10, R11, R1R2, R1R3, R2R3, ， ， 1.2, 2. 3, 2.4, 14 0 4 11 Jin R2R4, R3R4, R1R2R3R4 3.4, 1. 2. 3. 4(4vir) 0,7,3.4.7,4.7.11,6.7.11,3.4.7.11,4.6.8.11 4.6.9.11,4.6.8.9.11,3.4.7.8.11,3.4.6.7.8.11 2004 r，R1，R2，R3，R4， 4.6.7.8.9.11,3.4.6.7.8.9.11,2.3.4.6.7.8.11 21 3.4.6.7.8.9.11 Jin R5,R6,R7,R8,R9,R11 3.4.5.6.7.8.11,3.4.7.8.9.11,1.3.4.6.7.8.9.11 2.3.4.6.7.8.9.11,3.4.5.6.7.8.9.11, 1.3.4.6.7.8.11,1.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.11(9vir) 0,3,3.4,3.7,3.4.7,3.4.11, 3.7.11,3.4.7.11,3.4.6.10.11, 2008 r,R1,R2,R3,R4,R5, 3.4.7.10.113.4.6.7.8,3.4.7.11, 17 3.4.7.11 Wang R6,R7,R8,R9,R10,R11 3.4.6.7.11,3.4.7.10.11,3.6.7.8.11, 3.4.6.7.8.11,3.4.6.7.8.10.11, 3.4.6.7.8.9.10.11,3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11(9) 2010 r,R1,R2,R3,R4,R5, 24 1.3.4.7.8.10.11 Guo R6,R7,R8,R9,R10,R11 Population of P. infestans Physiological races No. RACE RATIO AREA No. RACE RATIO AREA 1 1.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11 1.1 TH 13 3.4.5.6.7.10.11 1.1 KS 2 1.2.3.4.5.7.8.9.10.11 1.1 KS 14 1.3.4.6.7.10.11 1.1 HB 3 1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.10.11 2.1 KS 15 3.4.6.7.10.11 1.1 KS 4 1.3.4.5.6.7.8.10.11 2.1 KS 16 1.3.4.7.10.11 9.5 MH TH KS HB 5 1.2.3.4.6.7.8.10.11 2.1 HB MH 17 1.3.4.7.8.10 2.1 HB 6 1.3.4.6.7.9.10.11 1.1 KS 18 1.3.4.7.8.11 3.2 HB 7 1.3.4.6.7.8.10.11 5.3 KS TH HB 19 3.4.7.10.11 1.1 HB 8 1.3.4.5.7.8.10.11 7.4 MH TH KS 20 1.3.4.7.8 9.5 HB 9 1.3.4.5.6.7.10.11 1.1 MH 21 1.3.4.7.11 5.3 HB 10 1.2.3.4.7.8.10.11 2.1 HB KS 22 3.4.7.10 1.1 HB 11 1.2.3.4.5.7.10.11 1.1 TH 23 1.3.4.7 8.4 HB 12 1.3.4.7.8.10.11 29.5 MH TH KS HB 24 3.4.7 1.1 HB Population of P. infestans Frequency of virulence genes 100.00 100.00 100.00 100 94.74 77.89 72.63 80 67.37 60 40 16.84 17.89 20 Frequency 8.42 3.16 0 of virulenceof genes(%) R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 Virulence genes Population of P. infestans Resistance To Metalaxyl Year Total No. Of Isolates Resistance Sensitive Moderate % Of R 2010 112 95 14 3 84.82 2011 107 84 20 3 78.50 2012 84 64 18 2 76.19 2013 55 40 11 2 72.73 P. infestans Resistance to metalaxyl Sensitive moderate Resistant Location Isolates Isolates （%） Isolates （%） Isolates （%） Mohe 6 0 0 0 0 6 100 Tahe 15 8 53.3 0 0 7 46.7 Nenjiang 10 0 0 1 10 9 90 Keshan 41 8 19.5 0 0 33 80.5 Hailun 7 1 14.3 1 14.3 5 71.4 Suihua 16 6 37.5 2 12.5 8 50 Harbin 67 1 1.5 0 0 66 98.5 Mudanjiang 3 1 33.3 0 0 2 66.7 Total 165 25 15.1 4 2.4 136 82.4 P. infestans Resistance to metalaxyl Genotype of P. infestans in Heilongjiang Genotype Location Year Number 13_A2 MINZHU 2011 3 2012 8 2013 8 ZHAODONG 2012 10 HEIHE 2013 12 KESHAN 2013 1 misc JIAMUSI 2013 1 misc_RU BAYAN 2005 1 DAXINGANLIN 2005 1 QINGPING 2006 1 2007 1 2011 2 ZHAODONG 2012 9 MINZHU 2013 3 NEHE 2013 6 SUIHUA 2013 6 misc_RU_var LINKOU 2005 1 QINGPING 2006 1 2007 1 2008 1 Late Blight Control The Application of Forecast System QING PING EXPERIMENTAL STATION 2009 M 0.3% UU 30% NN 60% Late Blight Control Disease Dynamics in field (7 days interval) Weather Station in Heilongjiang Varieties Resistant to P. infestans 100% 荷兰十五 Bintje 80% sarpo mira 60% 早大白 尤金885 40% Agria 发病严重程度 20% 克新13 Gasoré 0% 07/01 07/08 07/15 07/22 07/29 08/05 08/12 08/19 08/26 克新18 markies 日期（月-日） 30.00 24.52 25.00 20.47 20.00 16.95 15.45 14.32 15.00 11.41 10.00 AUDPC 5.00 2.55 0.58 0.57 0.05 0.00 -5.00 Agria Bintje 早大白 克新13 Gasoré 克新18 荷兰十五 尤金885 markies sarpo mira 品种处理 y = -10.559x + 8.3132 10.0 R2 = 0.9781 8.0 6.0 4.0 品种抗性 2.0 0.0 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 rAUDPC值 Varieties Resistant to P. infestans Bintje Sarpo mira Markies Agria Gasoré Favorite Ke Xin 18 Ke Xin 13 Youjin 885 Zao Dabai 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 rAUDPC rAUDPC 0.3 0.2 0.1 6E-16 -0.1 2012QP 2013MZ 2013ZD 2014MZ 2014ZD Year and Location Varieties Resistant to P. infestans Varieties AUDPC RAUDPC Range of score Reaction category Bintje 20.47 0.57 2.4 MR Sarpo mira 0.05 0 8.9 HR Markies 16.95 0.47 3.4 MR Agria 11.41 0.32 4.8 R Gasoré 0.58 0.02 7.6 HR Favorite 24.52 0.68 1.1 S Ke Xin 18 0.57 0.02 8.2 HR Youjin 885 14.32 0.4 4.1 R Ke Xin 13 2.55 0.07 7.6 HR Zao Dabai 15.45 0.43 3.8 MR Varieties Resistant to P.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Educated Youth Should Go to the Rural Areas: a Tale of Education, Employment and Social Values*
    Educated Youth Should Go to the Rural Areas: A Tale of Education, Employment and Social Values* Yang You† Harvard University This draft: July 2018 Abstract I use a quasi-random urban-dweller allocation in rural areas during Mao’s Mass Rustication Movement to identify human capital externalities in education, employment, and social values. First, rural residents acquired an additional 0.1-0.2 years of education from a 1% increase in the density of sent-down youth measured by the number of sent-down youth in 1969 over the population size in 1982. Second, as economic outcomes, people educated during the rustication period suffered from less non-agricultural employment in 1990. Conversely, in 2000, they enjoyed increased hiring in all non-agricultural occupations and lower unemployment. Third, sent-down youth changed the social values of rural residents who reported higher levels of trust, enhanced subjective well-being, altered trust from traditional Chinese medicine to Western medicine, and shifted job attitudes from objective cognitive assessments to affective job satisfaction. To explore the mechanism, I document that sent-down youth served as rural teachers with two new county-level datasets. Keywords: Human Capital Externality, Sent-down Youth, Rural Educational Development, Employment Dynamics, Social Values, Culture JEL: A13, N95, O15, I31, I25, I26 * This paper was previously titled and circulated, “Does living near urban dwellers make you smarter” in 2017 and “The golden era of Chinese rural education: evidence from Mao’s Mass Rustication Movement 1968-1980” in 2015. I am grateful to Richard Freeman, Edward Glaeser, Claudia Goldin, Wei Huang, Lawrence Katz, Lingsheng Meng, Nathan Nunn, Min Ouyang, Andrei Shleifer, and participants at the Harvard Economic History Lunch Seminar, Harvard Development Economics Lunch Seminar, and Harvard China Economy Seminar, for their helpful comments.
    [Show full text]
  • A Simulation-Based Linear Fractional Programming Model for Adaptable Water Allocation Planning in the Main Stream of the Songhua River Basin, China
    water Article A Simulation-Based Linear Fractional Programming Model for Adaptable Water Allocation Planning in the Main Stream of the Songhua River Basin, China Qiang Fu 1,2,3 ID , Linqi Li 1, Mo Li 1,* ID , Tianxiao Li 1,2, Dong Liu 1,2 and Song Cui 1 1 School of Water Conservancy & Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; [email protected] (Q.F.); [email protected] (L.L.); [email protected] (T.L.); [email protected] (D.L.); [email protected] (S.C.) 2 Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China 3 Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-451-5519-0209 Received: 26 April 2018; Accepted: 7 May 2018; Published: 10 May 2018 Abstract: The potential influence of natural variations in a climate system on global warming can change the hydrological cycle and threaten current strategies of water management. A simulation-based linear fractional programming (SLFP) model, which integrates a runoff simulation model (RSM) into a linear fractional programming (LFP) framework, is developed for optimal water resource planning. The SLFP model has multiple objectives such as benefit maximization and water supply minimization, balancing water conflicts among various water demand sectors, and addressing complexities of water resource allocation system. Lingo and Excel programming solutions were used to solve the model. Water resources in the main stream basin of the Songhua River are allocated for 4 water demand sectors in 8 regions during two planning periods under different scenarios.
    [Show full text]
  • A Brief Introduction to the Dairy Industry in Heilongjiang NBSO Dalian
    A brief introduction to the Dairy Industry in Heilongjiang NBSO Dalian RVO.nl | Brief Introduction Dairy industry Heilongjiang, NBSO Dalian Colofon This is a publication of: Netherlands Enterprise Agency Prinses Beatrixlaan 2 PO Box 93144, 2509 AC, The Hague Phone: 088 042 42 42 Email: via contact form on the website Website: www.rvo.nl This survey has been conducted by the Netherlands Business Support Office in Dalian If you have any questions regarding this business sector in Heilongjiang Province or need any form of business support, please contact NBSO Dalian: Chief Representative: Renée Derks Deputy Representative: Yin Hang Phone: +86 (0)411 3986 9998 Email: [email protected] For further information on the Netherlands Business Support Offices, see www.nbso.nl © Netherlands Enterprise Agency, August 2015 NL Enterprise Agency is a department of the Dutch ministry of Economic Affairs that implements government policy for agricultural, sustainability, innovation, and international business and cooperation. NL Enterprise Agency is the contact point for businesses, educational institutions and government bodies for information and advice, financing, networking and regulatory matters. Although a great degree of care has been taken in the preparation of this document, no rights may be derived from this brochure, or from any of the examples contained herein, nor may NL Enterprise Agency be held liable for the consequences arising from the use thereof. This publication may not be reproduced, in whole, or in part, in any form, without the prior written consent of the publisher. Page 2 of 10 RVO.nl | Brief Introduction Dairy industry Heilongjiang, NBSO Dalian Contents Colofon .....................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Harbin Bank Co., Ltd. 哈爾濱銀行股份有限公司* (A Joint Stock Company Incorporated in the People’S Republic of China with Limited Liability) (Stock Code: 6138)
    Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited and The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited take no responsibility for the contents of this announcement, make no representation as to its accuracy or completeness and expressly disclaim any liability whatsoever for any loss howsoever arising from or in reliance upon the whole or any part of the contents of this announcement. Harbin Bank Co., Ltd. 哈爾濱銀行股份有限公司* (A joint stock company incorporated in the People’s Republic of China with limited liability) (Stock Code: 6138) ANNOUNCEMENT OF INTERIM RESULTS FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED 30 JUNE 2021 The board of directors (the “Board”) of Harbin Bank Co., Ltd. (the “Bank”) is pleased to announce the unaudited consolidated interim results of the Bank and its subsidiaries (the “Group”) for the six months ended 30 June 2021. This results announcement, containing the full text of the 2021 interim report of the Bank, complies with the relevant content requirements of the Rules Governing the Listing of Securities on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited in relation to preliminary announcement of interim results. The condensed consolidated financial statements for the six months ended 30 June 2021 prepared by the Group have been reviewed by BDO Limited in accordance with International Standard on Review Engagements. Such interim results have also been reviewed by the Board and the audit committee of the Bank. Unless otherwise stated, financial data of the Group are presented in Renminbi. This results announcement is published on the websites of the Bank (www.hrbb.com.cn) and HKEXnews (www.hkexnews.hk). The interim report of the Bank for the six months ended 30 June 2021 will be dispatched to shareholders of the Bank and will be available on the above websites in due course.
    [Show full text]
  • Spatiotemporal Changes of Reference Evapotranspiration in the Highest-Latitude Region of China
    Article Spatiotemporal Changes of Reference Evapotranspiration in the Highest-Latitude Region of China Peng Qi 1,2, Guangxin Zhang 1,*, Y. Jun Xu 3, Yanfeng Wu 1,2 and Zongting Gao 4 1 Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 4888, Shengbei Street, Changchun 130102, China; [email protected] (P.Q.); [email protected] (Y.W.) 2 University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 3 School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; [email protected] 4 Institute of Meteorological Sciences of Jilin Province, and Laboratory of Research for Middle-High Latitude Circulation and East Asian Monsoon, and Jilin Province Key Laboratory for Changbai Mountain Meteorology and Climate Change, Changchun 130062, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-431-8554-2210; Fax: +86-431-8554-2298 Received: 2 June 2017; Accepted: 4 July 2017; Published: 5 July 2017 Abstract: Reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is often used to make management decisions for crop irrigation scheduling and production. In this study, the spatial and temporal trends of ET0 in China’s most northern province as well as the country’s largest agricultural region were analyzed for the period from 1964 to 2013. ET0 was calculated with the Penman-Monteith of Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations irrigation and drainage paper NO.56 (FAO-56) using climatic data collected from 27 stations. Inverse distance weighting (IDW) was used for the spatial interpolation of the estimated ET0. A Modified Mann–Kendall test (MMK) was applied to test the spatiotemporal trends of ET0, while Pearson’s correlation coefficient and cross-wavelet analysis were employed to assess the factors affecting the spatiotemporal variability at different elevations.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2019
    HAITONG SECURITIES CO., LTD. 海通證券股份有限公司 Annual Report 2019 2019 年度報告 2019 年度報告 Annual Report CONTENTS Section I DEFINITIONS AND MATERIAL RISK WARNINGS 4 Section II COMPANY PROFILE AND KEY FINANCIAL INDICATORS 8 Section III SUMMARY OF THE COMPANY’S BUSINESS 25 Section IV REPORT OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS 33 Section V SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 85 Section VI CHANGES IN ORDINARY SHARES AND PARTICULARS ABOUT SHAREHOLDERS 123 Section VII PREFERENCE SHARES 134 Section VIII DIRECTORS, SUPERVISORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES 135 Section IX CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 191 Section X CORPORATE BONDS 233 Section XI FINANCIAL REPORT 242 Section XII DOCUMENTS AVAILABLE FOR INSPECTION 243 Section XIII INFORMATION DISCLOSURES OF SECURITIES COMPANY 244 IMPORTANT NOTICE The Board, the Supervisory Committee, Directors, Supervisors and senior management of the Company warrant the truthfulness, accuracy and completeness of contents of this annual report (the “Report”) and that there is no false representation, misleading statement contained herein or material omission from this Report, for which they will assume joint and several liabilities. This Report was considered and approved at the seventh meeting of the seventh session of the Board. All the Directors of the Company attended the Board meeting. None of the Directors or Supervisors has made any objection to this Report. Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu (Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu and Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Certified Public Accountants LLP (Special General Partnership)) have audited the annual financial reports of the Company prepared in accordance with PRC GAAP and IFRS respectively, and issued a standard and unqualified audit report of the Company. All financial data in this Report are denominated in RMB unless otherwise indicated.
    [Show full text]
  • December 1998
    JANUARY - DECEMBER 1998 SOURCE OF REPORT DATE PLACE NAME ALLEGED DS EX 2y OTHER INFORMATION CRIME Hubei Daily (?) 16/02/98 04/01/98 Xiangfan C Si Liyong (34 yrs) E 1 Sentenced to death by the Xiangfan City Hubei P Intermediate People’s Court for the embezzlement of 1,700,00 Yuan (US$20,481,9). Yunnan Police news 06/01/98 Chongqing M Zhang Weijin M 1 1 Sentenced by Chongqing No. 1 Intermediate 31/03/98 People’s Court. It was reported that Zhang Sichuan Legal News Weijin murdered his wife’s lover and one of 08/05/98 the lover’s relatives. Shenzhen Legal Daily 07/01/98 Taizhou C Zhang Yu (25 yrs, teacher) M 1 Zhang Yu was convicted of the murder of his 01/01/99 Zhejiang P girlfriend by the Taizhou City Intermediate People’s Court. It was reported that he had planned to kill both himself and his girlfriend but that the police had intervened before he could kill himself. Law Periodical 19/03/98 07/01/98 Harbin C Jing Anyi (52 yrs, retired F 1 He was reported to have defrauded some 2600 Liaoshen Evening News or 08/01/98 Heilongjiang P teacher) people out of 39 million Yuan 16/03/98 (US$4,698,795), in that he loaned money at Police Weekend News high rates of interest (20%-60% per annum). 09/07/98 Southern Daily 09/01/98 08/01/98 Puning C Shen Guangyu D, G 1 1 Convicted of the murder of three children - Guangdong P Lin Leshan (f) M 1 1 reported to have put rat poison in sugar and 8 unnamed Us 8 8 oatmeal and fed it to the three children of a man with whom she had a property dispute.
    [Show full text]
  • Corn Stover and Sweet Sorghum Case Studies
    Energies 2015, 8, 5577-5597; doi:10.3390/en8065577 OPEN ACCESS energies ISSN 1996-1073 www.mdpi.com/journal/energies Article Analyzing and Comparing Biomass Feedstock Supply Systems in China: Corn Stover and Sweet Sorghum Case Studies Lantian Ren 1,2,3,†, Kara Cafferty 3,4,†, Mohammad Roni 3,†,*, Jacob Jacobson 3, Guanghui Xie 2,5, Leslie Ovard 3 and Christopher Wright 3 1 College of Light Industry and Textiles, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, Heilongjiang, China; E-Mail: [email protected] 2 Biomass Logistics Department, National Energy R&D Center for Non-food Biomass, Beijing 100193, China; E-Mail: [email protected] 3 Biofuels & Renewable Energy Technologies, Idaho National Laboratory, PO Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-2210, USA; E-Mails: [email protected] (K.C.); [email protected] (J.J.); [email protected] (L.O.); [email protected] (C.W.) 4 Environment and Nuclear Business Group, CH2M Hill Companies Ltd., 1000 NE Circle Blvd Suite 10350, Corvallis, OR 97330, USA 5 College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China † These authors contributed equally to this work. * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-208-526-3514. Academic Editor: Robert Lundmark Received: 7 April 2015 / Accepted: 21 May 2015 / Published: 11 June 2015 Abstract: This paper analyzes the rural Chinese biomass supply system and models supply chain operations according to U.S. concepts of logistical unit operations: harvest and collection, storage, transportation, preprocessing, and handling and queuing. In this paper, we quantify the logistics cost of corn stover and sweet sorghum in China under different scenarios.
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of Continuous Driving Time and Rest Time on Commercial Drivers' Driving Performance and Recovery
    Journal of Safety Research 50 (2014) 11–15 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Safety Research journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jsr The impact of continuous driving time and rest time on commercial drivers' driving performance and recovery Lianzhen Wang a,⁎,YulongPeib a School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China b Traffic College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China article info abstract Article history: Problem: This real road driving study was conducted to investigate the effects of driving time and rest time on the Received 16 March 2013 driving performance and recovery of commercial coach drivers. Methods: Thirty-three commercial coach drivers Received in revised form 11 January 2014 participated in the study, and were divided into three groups according to driving time: (a) 2 h, (b) 3 h, and (c) 4 Accepted 15 January 2014 h. The Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS) was used to assess the subjective fatigue level of the drivers. One-way Available online 28 January 2014 ANOVA was employed to analyze the variation in driving performance. Results: The statistical analysis revealed that driving time had a significant effect on the subjective fatigue and driving performance measures among Keywords: the three groups. After 2 h of driving, both the subjective fatigue and driving performance measures began to de- Fatigue driving fi Driving performance teriorate. After 4 h of driving, all of the driving performance indicators changed signi cantly except for depth per- Commercial coach drivers ception. A certain amount of rest time eliminated the negative effects of fatigue. A 15-minute rest allowed drivers Driving time to recover from a two-hour driving task.
    [Show full text]
  • HARBIN BANK CO., LTD. (A Joint Stock Company Incorporated in the People’S Republic of China with Limited Liability) Stock Code: 6138
    HARBIN BANK CO., LTD. (A joint stock company incorporated in the People’s Republic of China with limited liability) Stock Code: 6138 2020 INTERIM REPORT Harbin Bank Co., Ltd. Contents Interim Report 2020 Definitions 2 Company Profile 3 Summary of Accounting Data and Financial Indicators 7 Management Discussion and Analysis 9 Changes in Share Capital and Information on Shareholders 73 Directors, Supervisors, Senior Management and Employees 78 Important Events 84 Organisation Chart 90 Financial Statements 91 Documents for Inspection 188 The Company holds the Finance Permit No. B0306H223010001 approved by the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission and has obtained the Business License (Unified Social Credit Code: 912301001275921118) approved by the Market Supervision and Administration Bureau of Harbin. The Company is not an authorised institution within the meaning of the Hong Kong Banking Ordinance (Chapter 155 of the Laws of Hong Kong), not subject to the supervision of the Hong Kong Monetary Authority, and not authorised to carry on banking/deposit-taking business in Hong Kong. Denitions In this report, unless the context otherwise requires, the following terms shall have the meanings set out below. “Articles of Association” the Articles of Association of Harbin Bank Co., Ltd. “Board” or “Board of Directors” the board of directors of the Company “Board of Supervisors” the board of supervisors of the Company “CBIRC”/”CBRC” the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission/China Banking Regulatory Commission (before 17 March
    [Show full text]
  • Global Map of Irrigation Areas CHINA
    Global Map of Irrigation Areas CHINA Area equipped for irrigation (ha) Area actually irrigated Province total with groundwater with surface water (ha) Anhui 3 369 860 337 346 3 032 514 2 309 259 Beijing 367 870 204 428 163 442 352 387 Chongqing 618 090 30 618 060 432 520 Fujian 1 005 000 16 021 988 979 938 174 Gansu 1 355 480 180 090 1 175 390 1 153 139 Guangdong 2 230 740 28 106 2 202 634 2 042 344 Guangxi 1 532 220 13 156 1 519 064 1 208 323 Guizhou 711 920 2 009 709 911 515 049 Hainan 250 600 2 349 248 251 189 232 Hebei 4 885 720 4 143 367 742 353 4 475 046 Heilongjiang 2 400 060 1 599 131 800 929 2 003 129 Henan 4 941 210 3 422 622 1 518 588 3 862 567 Hong Kong 2 000 0 2 000 800 Hubei 2 457 630 51 049 2 406 581 2 082 525 Hunan 2 761 660 0 2 761 660 2 598 439 Inner Mongolia 3 332 520 2 150 064 1 182 456 2 842 223 Jiangsu 4 020 100 119 982 3 900 118 3 487 628 Jiangxi 1 883 720 14 688 1 869 032 1 818 684 Jilin 1 636 370 751 990 884 380 1 066 337 Liaoning 1 715 390 783 750 931 640 1 385 872 Ningxia 497 220 33 538 463 682 497 220 Qinghai 371 170 5 212 365 958 301 560 Shaanxi 1 443 620 488 895 954 725 1 211 648 Shandong 5 360 090 2 581 448 2 778 642 4 485 538 Shanghai 308 340 0 308 340 308 340 Shanxi 1 283 460 611 084 672 376 1 017 422 Sichuan 2 607 420 13 291 2 594 129 2 140 680 Tianjin 393 010 134 743 258 267 321 932 Tibet 306 980 7 055 299 925 289 908 Xinjiang 4 776 980 924 366 3 852 614 4 629 141 Yunnan 1 561 190 11 635 1 549 555 1 328 186 Zhejiang 1 512 300 27 297 1 485 003 1 463 653 China total 61 899 940 18 658 742 43 241 198 52
    [Show full text]
  • Heilongjiang Road Development II Project (Yichun-Nenjiang)
    Technical Assistance Consultant’s Report Project Number: TA 7117 – PRC October 2009 People’s Republic of China: Heilongjiang Road Development II Project (Yichun-Nenjiang) FINAL REPORT (Volume II of IV) Submitted by: H & J, INC. Beijing International Center, Tower 3, Suite 1707, Beijing 100026 US Headquarters: 6265 Sheridan Drive, Suite 212, Buffalo, NY 14221 In association with WINLOT No 11 An Wai Avenue, Huafu Garden B-503, Beijing 100011 This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB or the Government concerned, ADB and the Government cannot be held liable for its contents. All views expressed herein may not be incorporated into the proposed project’s design. Asian Development Bank Heilongjiang Road Development II (TA 7117 – PRC) Final Report Supplementary Appendix A Financial Analysis and Projections_SF1 S App A - 1 Heilongjiang Road Development II (TA 7117 – PRC) Final Report SUPPLEMENTARY APPENDIX SF1 FINANCIAL ANALYSIS AND PROJECTIONS A. Introduction 1. Financial projections and analysis have been prepared in accordance with the 2005 edition of the Guidelines for the Financial Governance and Management of Investment Projects Financed by the Asian Development Bank. The Guidelines cover both revenue earning and non revenue earning projects. Project roads include expressways, Class I and Class II roads. All will be built by the Heilongjiang Provincial Communications Department (HPCD). When the project started it was assumed that all project roads would be revenue earning. It was then discovered that national guidance was that Class 2 roads should be toll free. The ADB agreed that the DFR should concentrate on the revenue earning Expressway and Class I roads, 2.
    [Show full text]