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(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2015/0017856A1 DAVIS Et Al

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US 2015.0017856A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2015/0017856A1 DAVIS et al. (43) Pub. Date: Jan. 15, 2015 (54) ARTICLE INCLUDING INTUMESCENT Publication Classification COATING, PROCESS FOR FORMING AND USE OF SAME (51) Int. Cl. C09D 5/18 (2006.01) (71) Applicant: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF (52) U.S. Cl. STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY, CPC ...................................... C09D 5/185 (2013.01) GAITHERSBURG, MD (US) USPC ........ 442/138; 428/331; 428/319.3; 428/328; 252/606 (72) Inventors: RICK DOWELL, DAVIS, (57) ABSTRACT IJAMSVILLE, MD (US); YU-CHIN LI, An article includes a Substrate and an intumescent coating to WASHINGTON (TW) form an intumescent product in response to heating the article. The intumescent coating is disposed on the Substrate (21) Appl. No.: 14/497,951 and includes a primary intumescent precursor and a layered material that includes a silicate mineral, a layered double hydroxide, or a combination thereof. The primary intumes (22) Filed: Sep. 26, 2014 cent precursor includes a carbohydrate polymer. A process for forming an article includes forming a liquid composition by disposing in a solvent a primary intumescent precursor and a Related U.S. Application Data layered material, contacting a Substrate with the liquid com (60) Provisional application No. 62/033,780, filed on Aug. position, and forming an intumescent coating on the Substrate 6, 2014. to form the article. Patent Application Publication Jan. 15, 2015 Sheet 1 of 5 US 201S/0017856 A1 2 FIG FIG 2 Patent Application Publication Jan. 15, 2015 Sheet 2 of 5 US 201S/0017856 A1 FIG 3 FIG, 4 Patent Application Publication Jan. 15, 2015 Sheet 3 of 5 US 201S/0017856 A1 Patent Application Publication Jan. 15, 2015 Sheet 4 of 5 US 201S/0017856 A1 A 6OO Comparative Foam 500 - intumescent Coated Foam 4OO A: PHRR of 580 kW/m2 at 132S, THR of 121 MJ/m2, AHRR of 63 kW/m2 3OO B: PHRR of 113 kW/m2 at 199S THR of 50 MJ/m2, AHRR of 21 kW/m2 2OO PHRR: peak heat release rate B THR: total heat release AHRR: average heat release rate 1OO FG, 6 Patent Application Publication Jan. 15, 2015 Sheet 5 of 5 US 201S/0017856 A1 Comparative Foam 50 - Average Mass Loss = 43.7% 3: ..................................................................................................................................:-:- 3%. Starch -11.5% SPB - 2% MMT Coated foam 58 Average Mass loss = 6.7% 3. 3- c) i:divisis:siindividual ites:stess rrr & 3AYeage O 30 30 fest its rations asia) F.G. 8 US 2015/001785.6 A1 Jan. 15, 2015 ARTICLE INCLUDING INTUMESCENT BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS COATING, PROCESS FOR FORMING AND 0008. The following descriptions should not be consid USE OF SAME ered limiting in any way. With reference to the accompanying drawings, like elements are numbered alike: CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED 0009 FIG. 1 shows a cross-section of an article: APPLICATIONS 0010 FIG. 2 shows a cross-section of an article: 0011 FIG.3 shows a micrograph of an article according to 0001. This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provi Example 1: sional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/033,780 filed Aug. 6, 0012 FIG. 4 shows a higher magnification micrograph of 2014, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by ref the article shown in FIG. 3; erence in its entirety. 0013 FIG. 5 shows a graph of intensity versus energy obtained from Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY (EDEX) of the article according to Example 1: SPONSORED RESEARCH 0014 FIG. 6 shows a graph of heat release rate (HRR) Versus time for the article according to Example 1: 0002 This invention was made with United States govern 0015 FIG. 7 shows a graph of total mass loss versus test ment support from the National Institute of Standards and duration for a comparative foam according to Example 2; and Technology. The government has certain rights in the inven 0016 FIG. 8 shows a graph of total mass loss versus test tion. duration for the article according to Example 1. BACKGROUND DETAILED DESCRIPTION 0017. A detailed description of one or more embodiments 0003 Reduction in flammability of consumer goods has is presented herein by way of exemplification and not limita occurred over the past century. However, certain residential tion. upholstered furniture is implicated in a high proportion of fire 0018. It has been found that article that includes an intu losses due to its flammability that plays a role in rapid fire mescent coating that includes a carbohydrate polymer and a growth that leads to flashover. Flashover is a condition that layered material disposed on a Substrate and formed, e.g., by results in spontaneous ignition of objects proximate to a burn dipping the substrate into a liquid composition has a substan ing item. tially reduced flammability with respect to the substrate with 0004. Accordingly, articles and processes for mitigating out the intumescent coating. flammability would be well received in the art. 0019. According to an embodiment, an intumescent coat ing responds to presence of heat to produce an incombustible BRIEF DESCRIPTION residue referred to as char that expands and forms an incom bustible foam that has fire insulation properties. The intumes 0005. The above and other deficiencies are overcome by, cent coating includes a carbon Source, an acid source, and a in an embodiment, an article comprising: a Substrate; and an blowing agent. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is intumescent coating to form an intumescent product in believed that the acid, in response to being heated, catalyzes response to heating the article, the intumescent coating being dehydration of the carbon source, and the carbon Source is disposed on the Substrate and comprising: a primary intumes converted to a carbon char. The blowing agent releases a cent precursor comprising a carbohydrate polymer, and a nonflammable gas in response to being heated, and the non layered material comprising a silicate mineral, a layered flammable gas contributes to forming the incombustible double hydroxide, or a combination comprising at least one of foam. Accordingly, components of the intumescent coating the foregoing. form an intumescent product (e.g., the incombustible char and incombustible foam) when heated to a temperature that is 0006 Further disclosed is a composition comprising: a greater than or equal to a temperature for activating the acid Solvent; a primary intumescent precursor to contact a Sub Source to catalyze formation of char from the carbon Source. strate and to form an intumescent coating on the Substrate, the 0020. According to an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, primary intumescent precursor being disposed in the Solvent article 2 includes intumescent coating 4 disposed on Substrate and comprising a carbohydrate polymer, and a layered mate 6. Intumescent coating 4 includes primary intumescent pre rial to be dispersed among the primary intumescent precursor cursor 8 and layered material 10. Intumescent coating 4 forms in the intumescent coating on the Substrate, the layered mate an intumescent product in response to heating article 2. rial being disposed in the solvent and comprising a silicate 0021. In an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, article 2 mineral, a layered double hydroxide, or a combination com includes intumescent coating 4 disposed on Substrate 6. Intu prising at least one of the foregoing. mescent coating 4 includes primary intumescent precursor 8. 0007 Additionally disclosed is a process for forming an layered material 10, and secondary intumescent precursor 20. article, the process comprising: forming a liquid composition Intumescent coating 4 forms an intumescent product in by: disposing in a solvent a primary intumescent precursor response to heating article 2. comprising a carbohydrate polymer, and disposing in the 0022. In some embodiments, intumescent coating 4 Solvent a layered material comprising a silicate mineral, a includes an additive. layered double hydroxide, or a combination comprising at 0023. According to an embodiment, primary intumescent least one of the foregoing; contacting a substrate with the precursor 8 includes a carbohydrate polymer, and layered liquid composition; and forming an intumescent coating on material 10 includes a silicate mineral, layered double the substrate to form the article. hydroxide, or a combination thereof. US 2015/001785.6 A1 Jan. 15, 2015 0024 Substrate 6 includes a polymer, textile, metal, glass, cell, closed cell, or combination thereof. In an embodiment, ceramic, or a combination thereof. the polymer is a foam that includes polyurethane having open 0025. In an embodiment, substrate 6 includes the polymer, cell to exhibit fluid permeability therethrough. and the polymer is a thermoset, thermoplastic, or a combina 0029. In an embodiment, substrate 6 includes the textile. tion thereof. A “thermoset polymer solidifies when first The textile refers to a woven or non-woven material that heated under pressure and thereafter may not melt or mold includes a network of a plurality of fibers. Textiles can be without destroying original characteristics of the thermoset made directly from fibers or a web of fibers or from yarn polymer. Thermosetting polymeric materials include comprising a plurality of fibers. Textiles include clothes and epoxides, phenolics, melamines, ureas, polyurethanes, pol fabrics. The fibers can be a material characterized as an ani ysiloxanes, or polymers including a suitable cross-linkable mal material (e.g., wool, silk, and the like), plant material functional moiety. (e.g., cotton,
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  • ISBN 5 900395 50 2 UDK 549 New Data on Minerals. Moscow

    ISBN 5 900395 50 2 UDK 549 New Data on Minerals. Moscow

    #00_firstPpages_en_0727:#00_firstPpages_en_0727.qxd 21.05.2009 19:38 Page 2 ISBN 5900395502 UDK 549 New Data on Minerals. Moscow.: Ocean Pictures, 2003. volume 38, 172 pages, 66 color photos. Articles of the volume are devoted to mineralogy, including descriptions of new mineral species (telyushenkoite – a new caesium mineral of the leifite group, neskevaaraite-Fe – a new mineral of the labuntsovite group) and new finds of min- erals (pabstite from the moraine of the Dara-i-Pioz glacier, Tadjikistan, germanocolusite from Kipushi, Katanga, min- erals of the hilairite group from Khibiny and Lovozero massifs). Results of study of mineral associations in gold-sulfide- tellyride ore of the Kairagach deposit, Uzbekistan are presented. Features of rare germanite structure are revealed. The cavitation model is proposed for the formation of mineral microspherulas. Problems of isomorphism in the stannite family minerals and additivity of optical properties in minerals of the humite series are considered. The section Mineralogical Museums and Collections includes articles devoted to the description and history of Museum collections (article of the Kolyvan grinding factory, P.A.Kochubey's collection, new acquisitions) and the geographical location of mineral type localities is discussed in this section. The section Mineralogical Notes includes the article about photo- graphing minerals and Reminiscences of the veteran research worker of the Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Doctor in Science M.D. Dorfman about meetings with known mineralogists and geochemists – N.A. Smoltaninov, P.P. Pilipenko, Yu.A. Bilibin. The volume is of interest for mineralogists, geochemists, geologists, and to museum curators, collectors and amateurs of minerals. EditorinChief Margarita I .Novgorodova, Doctor in Science, Professor EditorinChief of the volume: Elena A.Borisova, Ph.D Editorial Board Moisei D.
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    American Mineralogist, Volume 70, pages 1329-1335,1985 NEW MINERAL NAMES Pnrs J. DUNN,Ja.uns A. Frnnaroro, MlcHesr FrrIScHnn,Vorxnn Gonrr, Joer D. Gnrcr, RlcHanr H. LeNcrBv, hMES E. Srnclry, D,lvlo A. veNro, ANDJANET A. zt cznx A completelisting of all new mineralsfor the year 1985 is containedin the annual index under the heading"New Minerals". Cualstibite* The mineral occurs in parallel columnar aggregates up to 10-15 K. Walenta (1984) Cualstibite, a new secondary mineral from the cm across, consisting of acicular individuals, associated with neph- Clara Mine in the Central Black Forest (FRG). Chemie der eline, K-feldspar, aegirine, and small amounts of fluorite, apatite, Erde, 43, 255-260 (in German). biotite, and yuksporite, in rischorrite rocks of Eveslogchorr and Yukspor Mts., Khibina massif, Kola Peninsula. Color gray with Wet-chemical analysis of the mineral gave recalculated CuO greenish tint, colorless under the microscope. Luster pearly. Frac- 32.0, Al2O3 10.4, Sb2Os 36.8, H2O 20.8, sum 100.0 wr.%, corre- zt-5. ture splintery. H Optically biaxial, positive, ns a : 1.567,B sponding to Cu. urAl, ,rSb, ,rH., ,nO.o or idealized : 1.568,y : 1.576 (all +0.002); 2V could not be measured. CuuAl.SbrO,, 16 HzO or CuuAl.(SbOJ.(OH),, . l0 HrO. The A parting or cleavage was observed perpendicular presence of (SbOo) groups has not yet been confirmed. to the elongation. The infra-red spectrum is given. X-ray study shows the mineral to be trigonal, possible space The mineral is named for Alexander Petrovich Denisov, geol- groups are P3, P3I2, P321,P3ml, p3lm, p6, p6m2 or p62m.tJnit -- ogist of the Geological Institute, Kola Branch, Acad.