Aboriginalboriginal Way www.nativetitlesa.org Issue 81, Summer 2020/2021 A publication of South Australian Native Title Services

South Australian Native Title Services (SANTS) is concerned that the rights and interests of Aboriginal people have been ignored in the newly drafted Pastoral Lands Bill. Read full article on page 2.

Drilling on – South ’s version of the Juukan Gorge tragedy? Drilling on Lake Torrens will go ahead SANTS is also concerned that the “Kelaray have little or no regard for Premier and Minister for Aboriginal Affairs by minerals exploration company Minister for Energy and Mining, the Aboriginal culture through their continued and Reconciliation Steven Marshall said Kelaray, a subsidiary of Argonaut Hon. Dan van Holst Pellekaan awarded efforts to drill on Lake Torrens. The antiquity that the decision was made to approve Resources early this year, after Argonaut resources $320,000 for of Aboriginal culture is a fact, and the drilling after extensive consultation with approval was granted by the exploration drilling in the Murdie integrity of the sites and stories associated Aboriginal people and organisations. Premier Steven Marshall. Project on Lake Torrens in June with Lake Torrens is unquestionable,” said 2020, some six months before South Australian Native Title Services However there is a question mark over Authorisation was announced during the the Section 23 authorisation was (SANTS) CEO, Keith Thomas. what the Government calls “extensive week between Christmas and New Year’s given by the Premier. consultation”. Aboriginal groups SANTS Eve giving Kelaray permission pursuant “The land adjacent to the lake in the area has contacted have advised that they to Section 23 of the Aboriginal Heritage Lake Torrens is recorded on the South to be drilled is a rich cultural landscape. put in submissions in response to the Act to “damage, disturb or interfere” with Australian Government’s Register of There’s a cave there, a water spring, rock Section 23 notice, but that there had sites, objects and remains in the Murdie Aboriginal Sites and Objects as a site etchings and work areas where Aboriginal been no consultation. Project, which is targeting iron oxide of significance according to Aboriginal people have sat in the past to make copper-gold in its explorations. tradition and anthropology. scrapers and cutting blades.” Continued on page 2

Inside: Survival Day 2021 on land 4 Anthropology and native title 7 South Road sculptures 9 Remnants of Aboriginal history preserved 14 Rights of native title holders not met in draft Pastoral Lands Bill South Australian Native Title Services recognised native title rights and interests to best protect native title rights and justification to move to a 100 year lease (SANTS) is concerned that the rights to enable shared decision making in a interests,” said Mr Thomas. is not clearly apparent, with investment and interests of Aboriginal people, transparent and honest way,” said CEO decisions and horizons generally falling “Opportunities for Aboriginal groups to particularly native title holders, have of SANTS, Keith Thomas. in the 10–30 year timeframe. undertake economic development and been largely ignored in the newly “The majority of native title held in enterprise on pastoral lands need to be The consultation summary report shows drafted Pastoral Lands Bill 2020. is on pastoral leases, encouraged for the lands to be more that this was hardly a called for decision The Pastoral Land Management and but the rights and interests of native title fully used. This again would provide a either, with only 52% of pastoralists Conservation Act 1989 (Pastoral Act) holders don’t seem to be considered in framework that enables collaboration and 33% of the public answering that has been under major review since mid- the proposed reforms to the Act at all. and partnerships and active, prosperous no, 42 year leases are not appropriate last year to modernise the Act and A modern Pastoral Lands Bill should be co-existence across native title and and different lease lengths should be realise the full potential of these lands. inclusive of native title.” pastoral lands.” considered. From that percentage, one pastoralist thought the length should be “The new draft Bill continues to The draft Bill supports the diversification The Bill also proposes to change the shorter and just nine suggesting various acknowledge the importance of this region of land use for pastoralists and includes maximum term of a lease from the timeframes ranging from between 50 to Aboriginal culture and communities provisions to clarify and support current 42 years to up to 100 years. and 99 years. Public responses suggested and all rights of Aboriginal persons in processes which enable non-pastoral The justification put forward for this lease periods of anywhere between 5 the previous Act have been maintained,” uses to be approved by the Pastoral is to provide greater certainty and and 99 years but more tended to favour said Minister for Primary Industries and Board. There is, however, no indication allow long-term investment decisions. of how such land use may impact on shorter periods. SANTS therefore wonders Regional Development, David Basham. SANTS has concerns with this proposal, native title and Aboriginal heritage, why such a jump is necessary? with leases of 100 years changing the But SANTS is calling for the legislative nor any requirement for the Board nature of a lease to become multi- SANTS is the native title service provider framework and its administration to to consider Aboriginal interests. generational and more akin to perpetual for South Australia, providing services promote open and transparent co- “It should not be assumed that ‘other’ leases or even freehold (to some extent). to native title claimants and holders to existence between lessee rights and activities on pastoral land have no impact To our knowledge, a 100 year lease would recognise and protect native title rights Aboriginal native title rights and interests. on native title. At the very least there must be double the length of term available in and interests, and therefore feels a “In our view the draft Pastoral Lands Bill be engagement with native title holders other jurisdictions with Western Australia responsibility to speak for the interests needs to be amended to be inclusive of to inform and discuss proposals so as having a maximum 50 year lease. The of those we represent. Lake Torrens – South Australia’s Juukan Gorge Continued from page 1 Aboriginal groups the , the “We’ll do whatever it takes to reverse this into consideration by the Premier and SA , the and the decision on behalf of the community.” Government. The fallout from the Juukan “The exploration program will not have contested for Gorge tragedy continues nearly a year permanently impact the anthropological The Premier has added a condition later, but as always, money speaks louder and cultural heritage of Lake Torrens,” native title over the lake unsuccessfully that mining activities cease in the event than protection for the oldest living culture said the Premier’s office in a statement. to date, so there is no existing claim that new finds of remains or artefacts on earth. Shame on Kelaray and shame on over the waters. Native title exists are made that are suspected to be of SANTS now understands from the the State Government for this wanton on either side however, with the archaeological or cultural significance. public comments made by the Chair destruction of an Aboriginal sacred site.” Kokatha people to the west and the of the Aboriginal Heritage Committee “It’s disturbing that such a decision Adnyamathanha people to the east. Mr Mark Koolmatrie, that his Committee can be made to damage a recorded recommended strongly against the “We are deeply disturbed at how the Aboriginal cultural site by focusing only exploration approval. Premier has arrived at the decision on its physical aspects and completely to approve drilling, despite so much neglecting its spiritual significance Andrew Starkey, a Kokatha senior law (the Tjukurpa),” said Mr Thomas. opposition,” said Kokatha Aboriginal man and Lake Torrens site card holder said, “We were one of 22 submissions Corporation’s Heritage Services “It is disappointing that real concerns put in and it sounds as though all of those Manager Glen Wingfield. from Aboriginal groups were not taken opposed it, but we were not consulted at all, despite the Aboriginal Heritage Act mandating that people with connection to the land should be.”

“You can also still see evidence of early drilling from the 1970s on the lake, so it will permanently impact it not just culturally, but also environmentally. Just because they got Government approval doesn’t make it right, just look at what happened at Juukan Gorge. All our great lakes are being targeted by mining companies here in SA.

“To limit damage, the Premier expects Kelaray to adhere to its Cultural Heritage Management Plan, which apparently has consultation built in before, during and after the project. The only problem is Kelaray have not given us a copy of that plan. We are still waiting for them to contact us. Our hope is that the Premier will sort this out.” Lake Torrens from above. Image courtesy of Tony Magor, National Parks and Wildlife Service South Australia.

2 Aboriginal Way, Summer 2020/2021 Carbon Farming: an opportunity for pastoralists and Aboriginal groups to work together There has been a growing interest What is carbon farming? amongst pastoral managers in the Carbon farming is a set farming practices opportunities presented by carbon that essentially alter agricultural or farming, including through the land management practices to reduce Emissions Reduction Fund/Climate greenhouse gas emissions from Solutions Fund. This presents a range livestock, soil or vegetation (known of issues for native title groups and is as avoidance), or by storing additional a specific type of non-pastoral land carbon in vegetation and soils (known use which has separate regulatory as sequestration). Deliberate planting requirements, including native title of vegetation to sequester carbon with holder consent. the aim of selling the stored carbon as The Carbon Farming Act 2011 requires carbon credit is another of this type of carbon farmers to seek consent from land use, known as carbon planting. native title holders whose land will be Carbon farming is set to take off across SA. used, something South Australian It can range from a single change in land Native Title Services (SANTS) CEO, management, such as managing grazing productivity and allows them to assist in Pastoral Lands Act proceeds with its Keith Thomas says is important to cattle or growing crops or pasture without meeting national objectives. It can also proposal to increase the maximum term ensure is being maintained. disturbing the soil through its preparation, help generate income for them through of lease from its current 42 years to 100 known as no-till farming, to an integrated the Emissions Reduction Fund (ERF), a years, which change the nature of a lease “Carbon projects provide a unique plan for the whole property to maximise $2.55 billion offsets program run by the to become multi-generational and plan for interface of the co-existing rights and carbon capture and emissions reduction. government that allows landholders to long term outcomes, but has the potential interests of pastoral lessees and native This could be through a range of activities implement carbon storage or emissions to cut native title holders out for vast title holders, and it should not be a given including pasture cropping, mulching, reduction activities to produce and sell periods of time. that pastoralists engage in these emerging ensuring maximum groundcover and carbon credits. economic opportunities to the exclusion natural sequence farming, among others. To increase meaningful participation from of native title groups,” said Mr Thomas. The ERF incentivises the amount of Aboriginal landholders and communities greenhouse gases created and carbon What are the benefits and avoid issues later, it’s important “As per national guidelines, project storing activities undertaken by offering of carbon farming? that Native Title holders are sought out proponents should be engaging with Australian Carbon Credit Units (ACCU) that and adequately engaged early in the native title groups during the project Carbon farming purports benefits of both can be sold for every tonne of emissions process, prior to the registration of land planning phase to ensure free, prior and slowing climate change and increasing reduced or stored through a project. informed consent and that partnership agriculture productivity by ensuring less for carbon farming. This helps build opportunities and other matters are erosion and soil loss; better soil structure How much carbon farming is better relationships and facilitate mutually explored and negotiated.” and fertility; less soil salinity, healthier oils, there currently in Australia? beneficial project outcomes. vegetation and animals; more biodiversity; Carbon farming creates the opportunity According to the Clean Energy Regulator, Indigenous land management is cushioning against drought and greater for Aboriginal groups to become involved there are 860 carbon projects nationally, recognised as an important part of land water efficiency. either through farming on their own or in though only 25 of those projects are care in Australia, and, as the carbon partnership with non-Indigenous farmers Changing practices to include carbon based in South Australia. This figure is farming industry grows, Aboriginal and and pastoralists, particularly if they hold farming gives landholders the advantage likely to grow substantially in coming Torres Strait Islander people should native title over the proposed land. of increasing their own agriculture years, particularly if the newly-drafted stay at the forefront. SA Native Title Services to host the 2021 AIATSIS Summit For the first time ever, SANTS will host the National Native Title Conference and the National Indigenous Research Conference in collaboration with the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS) and the Kaurna Yerta Aboriginal Corporation.

Together, the conferences will make up the AIATSIS Summit, providing a unique forum for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples to meet and address critical emerging challenges and find opportunities to support and strengthen cultures, knowledge and governance.

The event will bring together Indigenous leaders, academics and policy makers from around the country to Kaurna land for the first time since 2005.

The AIATSIS Summit theme for 2021 is: Footprints for the Future – Tracking our journey together. To find out Glenice Sumner, Rosalind Coleman, George Taylor, Tania Taylor and Madge Wanganeen members of Kaurna Native Title Conference Organising Committee appointed more and register visit aiatsis.gov.au by Kaurna Yerta Aboriginal Corporation.

Aboriginal Way, Summer 2020/2021 3 Survival Day 2021 on Kaurna land Thousands joined the Survival Day going to be a part of change. We don’t March on 26 January, starting at need Australia Day anymore. We need Tarntanyangga (Victoria Square) to make a new day that everybody can before making their way down King celebrate together.” William Street towards Parliament Following the march, Tandanya Aboriginal House, chanting “Always was, Cultural Institute hosted a Survival Day always will be Aboriginal Land” – event where First Nations musicians, protesting for the date of Australia artists and dancers showcased their Day to be changed. culture. The resilience of Aboriginal The rally was organised by Natasha and Torres Strait Islander Peoples was Wanganeen who said: “As you can see celebrated on stage with the Survival there’s a lot of non-Indigenous people here Day theme, ‘still thriving, still surviving’ today and that’s amazing because they’re highlighted in every performance.

4 Aboriginal Way, Summer 2020/2021 Aboriginal Way, Summer 2020/2021 5 Inquiry finds Rio Tinto’s destruction of Juukan Gorge ‘inexcusable’ Inquiry finds Rio Tinto’s destruction “The States and Territories and the of Juukan Gorge ‘inexcusable’, calls Commonwealth have an absolute for Government to make Indigenous obligation to preserve our Indigenous heritage protection a priority. heritage for the benefit of all Australians, and corporate Australia can no longer “Never again can we allow the destruction; ignore the link between its social licence the devastation and the vandalism of to operate and responsible engagement cultural sites as has occurred with the with Indigenous Australia,” said the inquiry’s Juukan Gorge – never again!” the report Chair, The Hon. Warren Entsch MP. titled Never Again begins. “The Committee has made the point The interim Parliamentary inquiry into the all the way through this inquiry that the Juukan Gorge has condemned mining giant Rio Tinto and called for it to pay destruction at Juukan Gorge has not compensation to the Puutu Kunti Kurrama just impacted on a small and discreet Juukan Gorge. Photo: Puutu Kunti Kurrama And Pinikura Aboriginal Corporation. and Pinikura (PKKP) people and for a full group of traditional owners in the middle of the Pilbara; it has robbed a significant reconstruction and remediation of the site. It’s incredible to imagine what such a of Queensland, said that you can’t piece of history from all Australians – figure would be for a 46,000-year-old site compensate for the loss felt by the “Rio Tinto’s conduct reflects a corporate from the world.” traditional owners of the land. culture which prioritised commercial gain of world heritage significance. That figure The report goes on to urge the mining should go far beyond the $135 million over the kind of meaningful engagement “Rio Tinto owes something to the company to make a number of commitments price tag Rio put on the iron ore when it with traditional owners that should form traditional owners for breach of trust. bombed Juukan Gorge,” said NNTC CEO, a critical part of their social licence to including reconstruction and remediation You can’t compensate for this terrible loss, operate,” the report by the Joint Standing of the site; reviewing all agreements with Jamie Lowe. but you can compensate for the denial of traditional owners; putting a moratorium Committee on Northern Australia states. “Any restitution or remediation work Rio their rights under the Indigenous land use on existing Section 18 approvals to Tinto undertakes in relation to Juukan agreement and the denial to their future It condemns not only Rio Tinto, but also destroy cultural heritage and lifting Gorge, as recommended in the report, generations for this site,” Ms Langdon the Western Australian Government for gag clauses or other restrictions on is the absolute bare minimum they should told ABC radio. approving the works back in 2013; the traditional owner’s rights. Australian Government; their own lawyers be doing. It’s highly doubtful they would “How can you punish a mining company? and native title law. The National Native Title Council undertake any of these works if they were You make them pay compensation.” (NNTC) welcomed the report and not in the public spotlight. Cultural change The Committee also highlighted the failure these recommendations. in such companies is fanciful; the mining Due to the sheer scale of evidence the of Western Australia’s Aboriginal Heritage sector cannot be trusted to self-regulate. inquiry has been broken into several Act 1972 (WA) and recommended that “Compensation to the PKKP must go phases, with the next phase set to take It is the responsibility of Federal and State protecting Indigenous heritage should be beyond restoring the site. It should be a broader view of the issues, looking at governments to implement strong cultural a priority of all governments, and that the calculated with reference to the native title the experience of other jurisdictions and heritage laws.” best way to achieve this is to ensure that compensation precedent set by the High the role of the national government in the adequate legal protections are in place Court last year, which spoke to economic Professor Marcia Langton, anthropologist protection of Indigenous heritage. The for Indigenous heritage. loss and cultural loss for the community. and decedent of the Iman people report is due out in March 2021. A of the Aboriginal community to the Parliament of South Australia South Australia’s Commissioner health indicator available to us,” said for Aboriginal people – women, children to Parliament be funded from an already for Aboriginal Engagement, the Commissioner. and families; justice and corrections; reduced budget for Aboriginal Affairs Dr Roger Thomas, said Aboriginal health and wellbeing; housing and and Reconciliation,” said Dr Thomas. Dr Thomas was appointed South South Australians continue to homelessness; education and training. Australia’s Commissioner for Aboriginal “Despite the revised funding allocation, my experience institutional and Engagement in July 2018. In December “Lack of progress suggests that these systemic racism, even in their office will continue its work to establish an of that year, Premier Marshall announced issues are intractable,” said Dr Thomas. dealings with Government, in his Aboriginal representative body in the latter a two-year Aboriginal Affairs Action Plan “Let me tell you they are not.” historic address to parliament. half of 2021.” with 32 specific actions. One of these He therefore proposed a new model of The Kokatha and man was Premier Steven Marshall addressed this was to develop a model to facilitate and engagement, an Aboriginal Representative invited to report on his activities to the in his response. enable better engagement between Body which would be comprised of House of Assembly on their final day the Government and Aboriginal elected and appointed members directly “I welcome this first report by Dr Thomas of sitting in December, where he communities to help Aboriginal accountable to the Aboriginal community, which provides frank commentary on a recognised being the first Aboriginal voices have better representation something “we have not had in South number of issues of concern as well as person to present the voice of his people in Government decision making. Australia before”. discussion about policies and programs on the floor of the chamber. He used to improve the lives of Aboriginal South the opportunity to address his concern A major part of the Commissioner’s He also spoke of his disappointment that Australians,” Premier Marshall said. around ongoing exclusions and inequalities work over the last two years has been progress on these reforms had so far still faced by Aboriginal people in South this Aboriginal engagement reform, and been curtailed by COVID-19 and a lack of “COVID-19 has caused some delay in Australia, which he warned must be he has spent a lot of time in consultation funding received in the State Budget. consultation with Aboriginal communities attacked and rejected. with Traditional Owners and community “While I welcome assurances that about the new engagement model members across the state, bringing their “While there have been genuine efforts some funding will be provided through but as we move to its establishment, concerns and opinions “independently by Government to address Aboriginal Aboriginal Affairs and Reconciliation the Government will ensure adequate and honestly to Government”. disadvantage, Aboriginal people continue until 30 June 2021, I do not believe it is resources are provided to enable regular to lag behind the rest of the community This has given him an idea of a number of appropriate that the establishment of a engagement with the Parliament as well in nearly every social, economic and areas which are at the forefront of concern genuinely representative Aboriginal voice as government ministers and agencies.”

6 Aboriginal Way, Summer 2020/2021 Anthropology and native title: understanding how vital anthropology is to native title claims Anthropologists have a significant, if perhaps not widely known, role to play in Australia’s native title system and in determining outcomes for claimants.

In short, this particular discipline of anthropology is responsible for undertaking wide research to demonstrate native title claimants’ continuous connection to a common area of land, then supporting the resolution process by providing expert evidence and data analysis, often in court.

Under the Australian process for a native title claim, a claimant, or applicant needs to prove that their native title rights have continued to exist largely uninterrupted since sovereignty by the Commonwealth over Australia. They must also prove that They may pull their research into a That’s what we call the ethno-historical native title rights have not been extinguished ‘connection report’ with relevant supporting record. People try and use that to by subsequent acts of colonisation. It is materials for claims progressing through reconstruct what Aboriginal society was at the applicant’s responsibility to provide negotiation and agreement, known as the time of contact. Modern anthropology this proof of connection. ‘consent determinations’. Or they may doesn’t do that; it goes out and sees living need to supply this material as evidence The judicial process requires considerable people. But in the native title context, and give expert testimony in court for materials to be supplied as evidence to which is so interested in continuity, those claims that go to trial. determine an outcome, as the expression old documents become immensely important,” Mr Graham continued. of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander “While testimony from Aboriginal people is People’s traditional laws and practices on the most significant evidence for a native “It’s very important for anthropologists to culture – most kept either no or very the land in question must be fully examined. title claim, the work anthropologists do have an idea of how people are living today is crucial in supporting this, providing mediocre records. So it was a job for This work has become the domain of and what their cultures, norms and laws proof and explanations. They must anthropologists putting what is available anthropologists, who undertake targeted are. Then they’re able to show that there’s provide evidence of the claimants’ societal together and trying to match the present research through field work with claimants, a basis in those earlier materials, so that if structure; its systems, beliefs, customs, with the past. That’s one of the hard things and assess a diverse range of secondary people say, ‘this is what we’re like today’, land law and customary rights,” said South about being a native title anthropologist.” and archival materials. you can see a reflection of that in early Australian Native Title Services’ Senior records from the colonial period. That For more about the work of Anthropologist Robert Graham. He goes ethno-historical record can be fascinating, anthropologists in the native title on to give some background by explaining but there’s a lot that wasn’t recorded. space, take a listen to our podcasts what modern anthropology is. Those early settlers in the colonial period with Senior Anthropologist Robert “Modern anthropology is a discipline from the first settlers onwards weren’t Graham, available at nativetitlesa. studying people in living context. It’s a really interested in recording Aboriginal org/aboriginal-way-news study of culture and people in groups. Anthropology is not psychiatry or psychology; it’s not any of those subjects that look at an individual even though it is related to them. It tends not to worry too overlap much about people in the past, so it’s not history, even though it’s also related to trial update history,” said Mr Graham. The Oodnadatta overlap proceedings between the Arabana and the “Modern anthropology is very similar Walka Wani that began on Country in Oodnadatta, Alice Springs and to sociology. In the past, sociologists in 2019 continued in Adelaide’s Federal Court late last year. tended to study western societies and anthropologists studied other societies Justice White heard further evidence from linguists, anthropologists and a such as Africa, Australia, New Guinea. historian about the Arabana and Walka Wani’s connection to Oodnadatta and its That’s been largely broken down now, surrounds. Closing submissions will be made over two days in March 2021. and most anthropologists work on culture in their own country today, such as here in Australia.”

But there’s more to anthropology that’s important for establishing a connection to land.

“There’s another idea about what anthropology is; the study of the old records about a group of people. And in the native title context, that means all the pastoralists and early settlers and explorers’ accounts of Aboriginal culture.

This page, from top: Oodnadatta hearing; Women dancing; Oodnatdatta claim – dance as evidence before Oodnadatta trial on country, 2019. Image courtesy Robert Graham. the judge; Senior anthropologist Robert Graham with Darryl Doolan following his performance during the Oodnatdatta trial. Images courtesy Robert Graham.

Aboriginal Way, Summer 2020/2021 7 New documentary about Faith Thomas (née Coultard) How much do you know about “She showed me her baggy green cap and Faith Thomas AM (née Coultard)? we talked about cricket… one coffee led to many coffees and we became friends. She The Adnyamathanha woman who was had so many stories not just about cricket born at the Nepabunna Aboriginal that I said to her one day ‘Aunty Faith, is Mission in 1933 to an Aboriginal anyone going to write these stories down? mother and German father, was in Because the stories you’re telling me are the first group of Aboriginal nurses fascinating; they need to be told and they to graduate from the Royal Adelaide need to be remembered’. She said ‘No, no, Hospital in the 1950s, alongside her no, why would anyone want to do that’ and I friend from where she basically said to her, ‘well I’d love to record had grown up, Lowitja O’Donoghue. them so they can be remembered by your Faith nursed in Aboriginal communities family and Australia in general’.” right across regional and remote South Australia in the 1960s and 70s. So he set about recording her stories, not really knowing where it would go at first. But in addition to her nursing career, Faith After mentioning Aunty Faith to an old was the first Aboriginal woman to play test schoolmate who ran Ninti Media, things cricket for Australia in 1958, and the first took a turn and they began to collaborate Aboriginal person to represent Australia to tell her story. Over the 15 months since, in any sport when she played for the the two have managed to interview both Australian national team in an international the other Aboriginal people who played match against England. test cricket for Australia; Jason Gillespie “She did that years before Cathy Freeman and Ashleigh Gardner, whom they travelled lit the torch at the Sydney Olympics, or to Melbourne to interview at the Women’s before Ash Barty won the French Open. World Cup last year, just before COVID-19 Someone like Faith Thomas is a real hit. They’ve also interviewed Major Moogy trailblazer,” said Tyson Baird, who’s co- Sumner about his memories of Faith producing a new documentary about her nursing in the Raukkan community life, alongside film and media company when he was very young. Ninti Media, and is planning to write a Late last year, NITV confirmed biography of her life. funding through their ‘Our Stories’ Tyson first bonded with Faith over a shared series to complete the documentary. love of cricket while working as an occupational It will be available to view on NITV’s therapist in her hometown of . website soon. Faith Thomas. Images courtesy of Nintu Media. Native title claims update There are currently nineteen First Nations of the South East and Barngarla Far West Coast Sea Claim (19) native title applications for No.1 and No.2 and The overlap with Barngarla in the Matter has been listed for trial in 2022 determinations of native title Port Augusta region was successfully due to respondent parties not agreeing to in South Australia. Trial commencing September 2021. mediated with both claims amending the terms of the consent determination. Claims listed/or in trial Other claims their boundaries to remove their overlap. Yandruwandha Walka Wani Oodnadatta No.1 Nation (Queensland) and No.2 and Arabana No.2 Malyankapa Claim listed for a consent determination New claim to be filed in due course. Trial remains part heard with only closing in June 2020 which was postponed due Clients has been discontinued. submissions remaining. Experts gave to COVID-19. Work has been ongoing They intend to file a new claim that First Peoples of the River Murray their evidence over a week in October in relation to the terms of the Consent encompasses lands in NSW and and Mallee and trial resumes March 2021. Determination and a Settlement ILUA. South Australia. Native Title Report is being progressed. Wirangu No.2 and Wirangu No.3 Claim Stream Date to be finalised These claims are divided into Part A and Walka Wani Oodnadatta No.1 & No.2 & Arabana No.2 Litigation March 2021, Decision possibly 2022 Part B, Part A will be listed for a consent determination in due course. Part B Wirangu No.2 & No.3 Part B: Consent Determination & Trial Trial July 2021 (the overlap with Nauo No.3) is listed for trial starting July 2021. Nukunu and Barngarla Consent Determination 2021 Nauo/Nauo No.2/Nauo No.3 River Murray No.2 New claim 2022

See above also for the listing of Nauo Narungga Consent Determination 2021

No.3 and Nauo. Ngarrindjeri Litigation Trial 2021

Barngarla Southern First Nations of the South East No.1 & No.2 Consent Determination/overlap Consent Determination 2021, Trial 2021

Dismissed by Justice Charlesworth Nauo No.1, No.2 & No.3 Litigation Trial July 2021 on 24 December. Far West Coast Sea Claim Litigation 2022 No.2 and Wilyakali Malyankapa Claim 2022 Native Title Reports and supplementary reports have been provided to the State, Ngadjuri Nation No.2 Consent Determination 2021 the State’s response has been positive Wilyakali Consent Determination 2021 for both groups.

8 Aboriginal Way, Summer 2020/2021 South Road sculptures A new installation of sculptures They stand on Sturt Road as an impressive celebrating Kaurna culture have welcome to the $754.5 million Darlington been installed to sit proudly on the Interchange project. corner of the South and Sturt Road The artworks were installed on 16 October intersection, one of the final pieces of 2020 with attendance from the Minister the Darlington Interchange. for Infrastructure and Transport Mr Corey The sculptures pay tribute to the Tjilbruki Wingard, Mayor of Marion Chris Hana, CEO Dreami