Volume XLIII No. 6 June 1988 £2 (to non-members)

IS MARSEILLES PRONOUNCED MUNCHEN?

On the other side of the Channel the barometer Minister who legalised abortion, she — an So much for the Jews; what about France needle hovers dangerously close to Storm: the Far Auschwitz survivor — was accused of 'genocide' herself? To understand the problem we need to Right is on the march in France. By gaining 15 per of unborn French babies. A party which indulges take cognisance of one important local factor: cent of the vote in the Presidential Election the in such methods does not have to spell out its unlike Britain, where expatriates returning from National Front has proved itself stronger and anti-semitic ideology; the clearest indication of its the newly independent colonies only numbered more durable than the postwar Poujadists from attitude to the Jews was provided some months thousands, postwar France received over a mil­ whose ranks Front leader Le Pen first emerged. back when Le Pen dismissed the Holocaust as a lion white settlers uprooted from Algeria. These Not that Poujade was the first would-be Fueh­ minor incident (bagatelle) of the Second World socalled pieds noirs formed the bedrock of Le rer promising to be France's Man of Destiny War. Pen's support; he has since added to them the sort capable of solving all her problems; that phe­ Given all that it is most regrettable that a small of people who voted NSDAP in the end phase of nomenon is as historic as Napoleon and as recent group of our French co-religionists look upon the the Weimar Republic, such as struggling crafts­ as Marshal Petain. In the wider perspective of Front as potential allies. These Jews are doubly men and farmers, unemployed workers and history, though. France has on the whole been on blinkered. For one they accept its opportunistic bloodyminded students. the side of the angels rather than of the devils. She disavowal of antisemitism at face value; for There is another similarity between Hitler and is. after all. the country of the Declaration of the another they see its anti-Arab xenophobia — Le Pen. Just as Hitler lost no support when he Rights of Man and of the — ultimately — just most immigrants in France are from North accepted "personal responsibility' for political conclusion of the Dreyfus Trial. Africa — as helping Israel's struggle against her murders carried out by the SA (as at Potempa in The Dreyfus affaire prefigured the rise of Le Arab ememies. 1932) so evidence that Le Pen personally tortured Pen in being fuelled by race hatred: the Captain's To find a parallel for this grotesquely mistaken prisoners during the Algerian War caused no Jewishness was produced as evidence of his threat Jewish view of Le Pen one would have to turn a drop in the National Front vole. to national security in the way Le Pen describes mental somersault and imagine Germany Jewry For all that we need not expect the worst to the alien character of North African immigrants welcoming Hitler because of his hatred for the happen on the other side of the Channel. France as imperilling the economic and social wellbeing Soviets who closed down synagogues. Central to has been shaped by rather different forces than of the country. their entire misconception is the fact that North Germany. The Marseillaise is lightyears removed Like aspiring dictators of whatever country and African immigrants in France include several from the Deutschlandlied, and Voltaire was, for period Le Pen is a terrible simplificateur. He hundred thousand Jews. These Sephardim from all his Judeophobia, a different kettle of fish from equates the rise in crime with rising immigration Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia, who today out­ Wagner and Nietzsche. and asserts that the number of immigrants equals number the Ashkenazi element in French Jewry, Francois Mitterand is, furthermore, the absol­ that of the unemployed: therefore, he argues, would undoubtedly rank among the first desig­ ute antithesis of President Hindenburg (even if expelling the immigrants would both alleviate nated victims of Le Pen's expulsion programme Chirac's friend Pasqua rather resembles Hugen­ crime and provide work for all jobless French­ — and the 'European' Jews among the second. berg). We can be cautiously hopeful that the men. An additional consideration, and one intimately new-old president and the leaders of the civilised As regards crime he identifies an additional bound up with the question of minority rights, is Right will jointly exorcise the spectre that is culprit: the inept reformers who liberalised the this: Jews can never, lest they want to blind currently haunting France. penal code and abolished the death penalty. It so themselves to all the lessons of history, afford to Indeed, it is good to see that the results of the happens that the most reform-minded recent flirt with enemies of democracy. The Jewish presidential election last month confirmed the Justice Minister was Badinter, a Jew. The supporters of Mussolini (seen in The Garden of good sense of the French people as a whole in National Front depicted him as 'covered in the Finzi-Continis) and their German counter­ rejecting the extremes of both right and left. blood" — i.e. the blood of the victims of the parts in Max Naumann's Verband National- criminals he had allegedly unleashed on society. deutscher Juden, not to mention their distorted The Front used a similar Goebbels-style smear mirror images on the totalitarian Left, have rarely An Announcement to our Readers campaign against the Jewish Health Minister managed to escape the bloodlust of the monster (see page 2 column 1) Simone Veil. Because Madame Veil was the they have helped, however marginally, to create. page 2 AJR INFORMATION JUNE 1988 CHANGE OF EDITOR THE CHALLENGE OF TOLERANCE Editors frequently do not seek a profile or deliberately attract attention to themselves. Their When One Jew says to Another 'You Should Have Been Gassed' contributions to the journal in their charge tend to be anonymous or are modestly published above initials. Even if at times an article appears with When Jews in London recently were distributing according to him, 'no one seriously contends any their full name it is not associated with the leaflets calling upon fellow-Jews to strengthen the longer that the liability of a book to be banned editorship. movement to end the occupation of the West still forms part of Jewish law', though here, with One such editor is Caesar Aronsfeld. Taking on Bank and Gaza and help create a Palestinian all respect due to the learned judge, opinions may AJR Information on a temporary basis some two State alongside Israel, they were told by fellow- well legitimately differ. In his book Israel in years ago, its contents and layout soon showed Jews 'You should be hanged' and 'You should Europe (1907), G. F. Abbott perceptively the marks of his professional experience, a deep have died at Auschwitz'. They also were spat remarks: 'Strong convictions do not of course knowledge of Jewish affairs, and a feeling for the upon though this would seem a minor, less excuse unrelenting brutality but they explain it. interests of our readership. He has now decided relevant detail. The outrage was by no means an Given such convictions, persecution becomes a that the time has come to terminate his 'tempor­ isolated incident. The Jewish Chronicle has fre­ duty and toleration a sin'. The reference was ary' appointment and we wish him well in his quently reported cases of this kind; a member of actually to the Holy Inquisition but, alas, the retirement and for many years to come together the Peace Now movement in Israel, for instance, Holy Inquisition, throughout history, has worn with his wife Helga. We are certain that our was told it was 'a shame the Nazis did not finish all many hats, even a kappel, and it is the surviving readers will wholeheartedly second this vote of the Ashkenasim', adding 'We will finish what spirit of this scourge that will seek to vindicate the thanks. Hitler started', and, curiously enough, an Israeli inhumanity of those who tell dissenters they From 1 June the new occupant of the editorial court not long ago held that in Israel such an 'should have died at Auschwitz'. chair is Richard Grunberger, who has been a abuse was no libel in law. frequent contributor to these columns. Vienna- These sad facts, ominous straws in a desert born Mr. Grunberger has been a teacher and wind, well illustrate the progress from humanism part-time lecturer, and is the author of several through nationalism, fanaticism, fundamental­ books. ism, to bestialism. Beyond that they must also DOCUMENT CENTRE THEFTS raise the general question of tolerance among IMMIGRATION NEWS Jews. We demand tolerance from others — how Much publicised reports about files stolen from else could we exist? how else could civilised Balanced Controls in Britain the American Document Centre in Berlin, said to society survive? — but we are not prepared to Twenty years ago, Mr. Enoch Powell made his be containing 'highly secret', even 'explosive' grant it to our own. It is an old story. Maimonides famous 'Rivers of Blood' speech forecasting that material on leading figures of the Third Reich, for example was excommunicated by French mass immigration would cause racial violence in appear to have been much ado about very little. rabbis and his Guide burnt under their auspices. Britain. Whether by accident or design, the No fewer than 80,000 'top secret' files were said to The Hasidim were suppressed when they attacked theme was taken up by the Home Secretary, Mr. have been used by criminals to blackmail former the rabbinical establishment as 'parasites in the Douglas Hurd, who pointedly affirmed his dis­ prominent Nazis. According to the Berliner vineyard of Israel', and the bold spirits which sent: 'The Conservative Government and Con­ Morgenpost. an organised underworld group was translated the Bible into German or the Shulchan servative Party (he declared) share an absolute, offering them for sale at 'horrendous' prices, Aruch into Yiddish, were left in no doubt of the unquestioned and unqualified opposition to racial between £4 and £7 million. orthodox Establishment's severe disfavour. discrimination. We need constantly to ram home It is not impossible that such sums were paid by the message that racial discrimination is ob­ those who had reason to feel compromised, but it noxious in principle, corrodes national unity and must also be surprising that so many former 'No Jewish Virtue' is wholly unacceptable in any civilised country.' prominent Nazis' should still be at large — In many cases too, the strong arm of the secular If Powell looked forward with fear, Hurd jurists, doctors, artists, as well as politicians. authorities was invoked to deal with looked forward with hope: 'Of course (he said) Much of the material is believed to have been nonconformists as dangerous subversives. The tensions, resentments, private acts of discrimina­ acquired by British collectors of and dealers in story of Spinoza is perhaps the most notorious tion continue but, I believe, less virulently than Nazi memorabilia. On the other hand, some of example. Progressive Jews today have great cause before. these files were stated to have long been offered for gomel benshing as they do not live in the 18th 'New Commonwealth immigrants and their in the open market, e.g. in antiquarian cata­ or early 19th century. Even today not a few Jews British-born children and grandchildren have logues. can be found who believe that 'tolerance is no found an accepted place in this country. They are The Document Centre holds about 30 million Jewish virtue', and Rabbi Louis Jacobs has making an increasingly-notable contribution to personal files, more especially the material ofthe exposed 'the absurd claim that Judaism has many aspects of British life — business, the Nazi Party's Hauptarchiv. with data on approxi­ always been tolerant of dissent and freedom of professions, politics, the arts, entertainment and mately 10.7 million former Party members, also thought'. sports.' However, Mr. Hurd agreed with Mr. files on more than half a million former SS and SA Powell on the dangers of too much immigration. (storm trooper) leaders, as well as the records of On this point also learned opinions have been He thought progress for ethnic minorities had the People's Court. stated by a former member of Israel's Supreme been achieved only through tight immigration Court, Justice Haim Cohn, in his book Human control. Rights in Jewish Law (1984). He notes that 'the He welcomed the fact that 1,100 police officers, Talmudists throughout the ages viewed with 141 London councillors and more than 500 well-nigh hysterical fears the dissemination of With best wishes from magistrates were from the ethnic minorities. written material suspected of nonconformity'. Their law authorised the burning of various kinds Powell also marked the aniversary by stressing of books; even those containing the Torah were what he called a 'common identity which over­ VICTORINOX not to be read if written by a 'heathen,' and one rides differences of mere opinion, the blood'. The great scholar taught that in Scripture itself were English (he said) had no doubt about what being many passages which ought to be burnt. English meant. '"English" is an adjective which denotes a particular people or, not to be mealy- Swiss Knives of Quality Justice Cohn is pleased to think that 'all the mouthed, a particular race. Others may speak books ever banned or prohibited for any reason and read English — more or less — but it is our and at any time have safely survived', and language, not theirs.' AJR INFORMATION JUNE 1988 page 3 NATURALISED ORANGEMAN GENTLEMANLY BEHAVIOUR Harland & Wolff, the shipwrights of Belfast, have done it again: they secured an order to build the What is and what is not Cricket biggest passenger ship ever designed — longer than three football pitches, as high as the Nelson column, able to carry 3,000 people served by 8 t must seen doubtful whether many of our the financial interests involved, 'consideration restaurants and a 3-tier theatre. To build such members are keen cricket fans. Cricket is the towards those about us is in decline, tolerance has ships may or may not be a good idea — but why Imost English of games and unless we happen given way to short-fused temper'. The MP who, in should we be specially interested? Well, Gustav to be involved in it like Pakistanis or Australians, a fit of such temper, grabbed and damaged the Wilhelm Wolff was one of us. He came from we must be born to it. They don't know much Mace in Parliament and in that way showed Hamburg back in 1848. at the age of 14, to train as about cricket in Central Europe, and in France disrespect for the office and dignity of the an engineer, and that's how he met Harland with they mix it up with croquet. But in England it is Speaker, was another glaring example where it whom he went into partnership in 1862. Wolff very different, and the most serious charge that was perhaps least expected. Fortunately he was made a great career, not only in his trade but far can be laid against the Liberal Jewish Synagogue immediately taken to task both by the Labour beyond. In 1892 he entered Parliament but never in St John's Wood is that, notoriously, it is not on Party which severely disciplined him and by the showed any interest in Jewish affairs. He had in the Lords' side. Engineering Union which, in 'absolute disgust', fact joined the Church of England — which of withdrew its sponsorship from him. course is no excuse for being indifferent at the However, even if we do not know what is Here perhaps is an answer to the question time ofthe 1905 Aliens Act when so many victims cricket, we do know what is 'not cricket' — the of (Tsarist) persecution came here. Nor did the thing that's 'not done', below the level of good which cricketers sometimes ask: What is happen­ ing to the tradition of civilised behaviour which ominous development in Anglo-German rela­ manners and gentlemantly behaviour. These tions arouse him unduly. He stuck firmly to Irish things were recently the subject of a public debate 'Britain has good reason to be proud of?' It is a question that must concern none more than those business, and whatever may be thought of Ulster which was characteristic of present English politics, Harland & Wolff have done their country society. who came to settle here. One of them, an Indian, recently reflected on it. Mr. Prafulla Mohanti, an proud. It began with the incredible incident when an author and artist, who came to England 30 years English player, indeed the captain of a cricket ago, has found English people getting aggressive team, defied and actually abused the umpire (in and in that respect differing from the folk back GERMAN-JEWISH KVLTURSYMBIOSIS Pakistan). Painstaking research established that home where (he writes) children were taught to 200 years of German-Jewish Kultursymbiosis no such outrage had been known for the past 50 respect not only their elders but 'above all were illustrated in a Duisburg exhibition years. There were reasons to believe that the strangers — for who knows? God may arrive in (Akzente) under the title 'In Defiance of Threats'. umpire's performance may have been below the guise of a stranger, to test you. So Indian Among the exhibits were the works of Jewish standard, but whatever the provocation, it was people tend to be much more hospitable'. One writers, musicians, artists and scientists. Another agreed that the umpire's decision has to be hopes they do. exhibition, 'The Jews in Germany from Roman accepted and there could be no excuse for flouting We may not wish to pass judgment; generalisa­ Times to the Weimar Republic', was shown by the this rule. 'The English (said the Daily Telegraph) tions often are in need of a pinch of curry. But it Niederrheinisches Museum which also organised inherit cricket as a metaphor for gentlemanly must be worth noting such reflections when we concerts, lectures, theatre and film shows. conduct. . . Good behaviour must be as essential watch performances that are clearly 'not cricket'. to cricket as the bat and ball'. If (as the Times C. C. ARONSFELD remarked) 'cricketers traditionally regard them­ selves as sporting paragons of morality and dignity on the field of play'; then there was Remember nothing like 'the virtue of self-descipline' — a WHAT TOP PEOPLE ARE UP TO virtue found conspicuously wanting in that con­ Israel quering hero, Ian Botham, whose offensive Those who can afford to buy the posh magazine behaviour was actually brought before an Aus­ Harpers and Queen have been let into the secret tralian court which fined him. of how 'the other half" of our society lives, the So Israel may remember you upper and upper-middle class of modern Britain. Cricket being the pre-eminently English sport, The new snobs no longer want to sit at a dinner If you wish Israel and Jewish incidents like these are felt to be particularly party next to the Duke of Atholl, the racing degrading as they seem to be copying the deport­ trainer Henry Cecil or even such City Wizards as Organisations to benefit by your ment of such lesser breeds as need not perhaps be Ernest Saunders. Those considered 'in' are Will, why not consult us? named. But we have all seen the tantrums of John people like Jasper Conran, the fashion designer, We have a special knowledge of McEnroe, the appalling tennis boor, and some of and pop star Bryan Ferry. the problems and needs of us perhaps wondered why he is tolerated in A questionnaire returned by 1,000 of the Jewish Clients, and can help you Wimbledon year after year. This in itself would magazine's 100,000 readers reveals that 10 per seem to be objectionable if not indeed aiding and or your Solicitor to carry out your cent eat out eight or more times a week; they abetting the offence. Severe disapproval rein­ intentions. usually take three or four holidays a year (some forced by a ban from the famous court would have For further information and six or seven), and a substantial amount of money helped to assert high standards and at once served is spent on clothes, at an average £3,000 a year. advice, without obligation and as an education for the youngsters who may think Many readers too must have a tumbler of wine free of charge, please apply to: it clever to ape such VIPs. permanently in their hands, and hostesses are But these are only illustrations of a wider trend rated 'mean' if they allocate less than one bottle of Mr H. Rothman (Director) wine per head at a dinner party. Extending its that has a significance for all of us. Characteristi­ K.K.L. Executor & Trustee Co. Ltd. cally, the best known Cricket Almanac (Wis- enquiries into more delicate regions, the ques­ den's). in its 1988 edition, has taken the trouble to tionnaire discovered that a third of the people Harold Poster House, explain that sport is not meant to be a war made love four times a week, especially those in Kingsbury Circle, substitute; winning must not be everything; we their 30s and 40s and, oddly enough, living in the London, NWS SSP. Highlands of Scotland, though here the sentimen­ don't go to see people win or lose — we want Telephone: 01-204 SS11, Ext: 36 them to give of their best regardless. Today tal occupation was 'sometimes' restricted during unfortunately (we are told), perhaps because of August, 'grouse permitting'. page 4 AJR INFORMATION JUNE 1988 AUSTRIAN LITERATURE NEW SOUTH AFRICAN CHIEF Nearly all Austrian authors of any standing left RABBI RUDOLF HERSCHENHAUSER their country at the time of the Nazi Anschluss. The idea that Jews must not get involved in "the They remained productive in exile where they Does anyone have any information problems of others' and the fear that their efforts published under great difficulties, yet many of on this artist or his works? He in that respect might be misconstrued as political their works have remained largely unknown in interference, was rejected by the new Chief apparentiy came to Britain as a Austria. Only recently has an appreciative study Rabbi of South Africa, Rabbi Cyril Harris (form­ of them appeared - Osterreichische Schriftsteller Refugee. erly of the London St. John's Wood Synagogue), im Exd. Wien. 1986. Christian Brandstatter. at his induction into his office by Chief Rabbi 309pp. Its author, Sylvia Patsch, has long been Please contact: Manya Igel Jakobovits. He urged South African Jewry to studying this much neglected literature. She has 21-22 Peters Court exemplify Jewish values in their relationships with written about it, also acted as a producer of radio under-privileged sections of the society in which and TV programmes. Porchester Road they lived. Having done extensive research at the univer­ London W2 5DS sities of Innsbruck, Cambridge and London, Ms. ROME'S CHIEF RABBI Telephone: 01-229 1669 Patsch received the Austrian State prize for Rome's Chief rabbi, Elio Toaff, 72, recently Joumalism. Her special interest and indeed affec­ published his autobiography, the story of a Jew tion is devoted to the authors in exile. In her who suffered fascist persecution and fought in the present volume she has included publications resistance. At present he is embarrassed by the both before the exile and after. Her aim is in BRUNSWICK'S JEWISH MUSEUM Italian Government's apparent sympathy for the particular to acquaint the reader with such themes A unique Jewish museum has been reopened in Palestinians which takes care to avoid antisemit­ as persecution, loss of home and mother tongue, Braunschweig. It houses a remarkable collection ism. also the refugee's loneliness abroad. of ritual objects, including items which had at one In the course of an interview he struck the Among the better known names represented time been the modest pride of the synagogue in Rome Correspondent of the Frankfurter All­ are Felix Braun, E. E. Kisch, Lilly Korber, nearby Hornburg. The Jewish history of this small gemeine Zeitung, Heinz-Joachim Fischer, as a Robert Neumann, Manes Sperber, Hilde Spiel, town goes back to 1642, when the presence of at man who regards it as a matter of course to belong Friedrich Torberg, Franz Werfel, Hermynia zur least one Jewish inhabitant was formally recor­ to an oppressed minority and who is prepared to Miihlen and Stefan Zweig. The selection from ded. The synagogue itself was opened 120 years meet "lack of understanding qualified at best by their writings shows that the authors in their later, when the community had grown to 17 the courtesy of scepticism'. An abnormal exis­ enforced exile always felt close to Austria and her families. They themselves were too poor to pay tence, says Fischer, seems to him the rule rather cultural traditions. H. S. for an appropriate place of worship and had to the exception, and the only way of coping with it rely upon the generosity of the neighbouring was 'a mixture of intelligence and irony, tolerance Halberstadt congregation. and moral claim, forgiving and never-forgetting'. AUSTRIAN INSTITUTE FOR Over the next hundred years numbers declined The lesson he had drawn from life was not that he JEWISH HISTORY again: the synagogue fell into disuse and in 1925 had to suffer but that he was permitted to teach, Hornburg's last Jewish citizen passed away. The as a rabbi in Ancona, Venice, and now (since An Austrian Institute for Jewish History was various ritual furnishings were saved from loss or 1951) in Rome where he, in April 1986, welcomed opened on 27 November at St. Polten. Its director destruction by the then director ofthe Braunsch­ the present Pope. is Dr. Klaus Lohrmann, a member of the execu­ weig Museum and united with another collection tive committee of the Action against Antisemi­ of Judaica which had been on exhibition there for RECOGNITION tism; its address is at the local synagogue. Dr. over thirty years. Although all items survived the Lohrmann, assisted by a team of Austrian and In the course of his Dimbleby lecture ('Know­ Nazi years intact, they had to be put into storage Israeli scholars, will publish early this year a book ledge itself is Power'), on 10 April 1988, the because of acute lack of space. Only the recent entitled 'The Law and Politics concerning Jews in President of the Royal Society, Sir George extension of the Landesmuseiim made it possible Medieval Austria'. This is to be the first volume of Porter, referred to the impact German Jewish to put these North German Jewish memorabilia a Handbook on the history of Jews in Austria. scientists had on the British war effort against on show again in a special room. Among those associated with the new Institute Nazi Germany. 'In that war (he said) our very are the President of the Austrian Jewish Com­ survival depended on those who developed radar, the jet engine, the mathematics of code breaking munity, Paul Grosz; Professor Dr. Erika Wein­ MUNICH COMMEMORATION zierl, President of the Action against Antisemit­ and penicillin, and we must be ever grateful for The centenary of Munich's Central Synagogue ism, and University Professor Dr. Kurt Schubert. the prejudices of Hitler against "Jewish Physics" (destroyed 50 years ago, even before the Novem­ which ensured that Germany's expertise in atomic ber pogrom) was commemorated in a brochure research before the war was not used.' (published by Aries Verlag) to which the Lord Mayor, Georg Kronawitter, contributed a pre­ face. This commemoration, he wrote, was to JACK'S EARLY CAR 'teach us to be alert and sensitive in our reactions to all trends that might seek to disturb the trust SERVICE John Denham and harmony between the people of Munich and 959 6473 Gallery their Jewish fellow citizens'. Munich now has a Jewish population of about 50 Mill Lane, West Hampstead 4,000 (as compared with some 9,000 in 1933). The Heathrow & Luton £13 London NW6 1 NJ 01-794 2635 parents and grandparents of nearly all of them Gatwick & Southend £25 hail from Eastern Europe, survivors of the death Brighton £30 I wish to purchase paintings camps. Eastbourne £35 and drawings by German, Bournemouth £40 Austrian or British Artists, pre-war or earlier, also SPECIAL CARE FOR THE ELDERLY paintings of Jewish interest. A Report on the AGM will be published EVERYONE LEGALLY FULLY INSURED in the July issue Please book in advance AJR INFORMATION JUNE 1988 page 5 REFUGEE BROADCASTER ON THE GREATEST JEWISH CORRECTION TRAGEDIENNE GERMAN RADIO In our April issue we carried an item on restitu­ It is now 130 years that 'Rachel' died, aged 37, tion from Austria. This stated that refugees Rachel Felix, the French Jewish actress whose Dr. Alphonse Rosenberg, now 85, is accustomed whose parent(s) were deported and who have star still shines among the most illustrious that made a previous application for restitution are to broadcasting to a German audience. But ever shone on the tragic stage. She was proud of earlier this year he spoke, not into the familiar entitled, after enquiring through the Red Cross at her Jewish birth, and as one of her biographers Arolsen, Germany, to make an additional appli­ BBC microphone but into tapes to be played back remarks, she 'took a delight in reminding people in a West German studio. For three days, two cation for Haftentschddigung. Because our item that she belonged to the Hebrew race'. Charlotte summarised the wording of the relevant regula­ presenters of the Siidwestfunk's Second Pro­ Bronte who watched her in London in 1851 gramme visited London to conduct a succession tion misunderstandings have arisen. To clarify the realised this with weird intuition. There she was matter we hereby print in English the text of the of interviews with him for inclusion in their (Charlotte wrote home), 'the white form quiver­ Contemporaries series. They talked to Dr. Rosen­ relevant clause specifying who is entitled to make ing in conflict with her last, her worst-hated, her such applications: berg in his Hampstead home, walked with him visibly conquering foe', comitted to 'battle with through the streets, commenting, for the German doom and death', yet 'would see, would hear, Children (legitimate, illegitimate and adopted) listeners, on the fact that, even today, this part of would breathe, would live up to, within, wellnigh whose maintenance was wholly or largely pro­ London bears the stamp of its pre-war refugee beyond the moment when death says to all sense vided by the victim at the time of imprisonment or settlement. and all bearing, "Thus far and no farther!". . . A the occupation of Austria in 1938 — or would Rosenberg, who has frequently contributed to wonderful sight — terrible as if the earth had have been provided had the victim not been AJR INFORMATION, told them about his cracked deep at your feet and revealed a glimpse prevented from doing so in consequence of direct origins in Klein-Breslau, Prov. Posen, his studies of hell. I shall never forget it'. or indirect persecution; children born during or in Heidelberg, his teaching career in Berlin, in Such are the features of Rachel drawn by after the victim's imprisonment have the same State schools until 1933 and then in a Jewish Charlotte Bronte. Today, after the Holocaust, status as the aforementioned children. Gymnasium until his emigration to England in they must strike us as a sure rendering ofthe story 1938. He was fortunate to be offered another of Rachel's tribe (of which Charlotte was entirely PERON'S GHOST teaching post, in a Quaker school near London, ignorant). We have repeatedly drawn attention to the critical which he held (interrupted by a spell of intern­ Perhaps much can be said to support the view of situation in Argentina where so many of our ment in Canada) until after the war. In 1947 he her biographer Bernard Falk that this description friends have found a refuge. That situation poses a joined the BBC's German Service, broadcasting of Rachel is 'purely a reflection of subjective threat not only to refugees and the rest ofthe Jewish as 'Peter Fry' (consonant with frei) to audiences experience' which 'should not deceive us into the community; it has clearly wider implications, and on both sides of the Iron Curtain. This became his belief that it bears any relation to sober reality'. AJR INFORMATION /joppem to be the only second, and equally well-loved, career until he But if one element inany verdict on man must be, Anglo-Jewish paper to report on them. finally retired in his seventies. During that time, consciously or unconsciously, an appreciation An ominous event recently was a demonstra­ many of today's TV and radio personalities, according to 'The Mothers', as Goethe says, then tion by hundreds of members of nationalist whose names are familiar to German audiences, Charlotte Bronte's judgment, sensing the demons groups to mark the anniversary of Operation became his 'pupils' and his friends. which transcend our common notions of both Rosario, i.e. the landing of Argentinian troops on Two questions were, predictably, of particular Good and Evil, may well come as near to the truth the Falklands. The occasion was used for launch­ interest to his interviewers: how did he feel about as human effort ever can. ing attacks on the Government of President Germany, then and now, and to what extent had On her various travels she also came to Berlin Alfonsin which was accused of committing his Jewishness been a factor in his life? He replied where she gave a guest performance in the 'treason' by trying to suppress the memory of that by admitting freely to a life-long love affair with presence of Prussian and Russian royalty. The 'glorious day'. Some of our friends will be familiar German literature (which had, after all, been so event was commemorated in a monument erected with this sort of campaign from Weimar Ger­ much part of his profession). But this did not on the Pfaueninsel near Potsdam. In 1935 it was many. prevent his forming an equally strong attachment destroyed by the Nazis. A similar group rejoicing in the name 'Pilgrims to his adoptive country, far exceeding his natural for the Fatherland', while on a pilgrimage to a gratitude for its help to him in his hour of need shrine of the Virgin Mary, called for 'national and of his great admiration for its democratic unity in the face of the British enemy and traditions. As for Judaism, if it had not been any colonialism'. This kind of subversive propaganda kind of 'substitute fatherland' for him, he had MUCH STRANGER THAN FICTION has already developed into terrorist violence. The always felt himself to be what he was; a Jew. His number of bombing outrages is increasing and the A Hungarian Jew who turned Presbyterian, then concluding remarks will be echoed by the great Government is considering the proclamation of Lutheran, whom the Archbishop of Montreal majority of his "contemporaries', fellow refugees martial law. considered fit to be his successor, who then (1909) in this country: 'An important chapter of my life became a Liberal MP in the British House of took place in Germany. But that is all in the past.' Commons; in 1919 served as press chief to the DAVID MAIER Kapp putschists in Beriin (where he met Hitler); during the first world war offered to spy for Britain and in the second — then a Buddhist JsKElkmsiiffi monk in Shanghai — for the Germans (in PRIVATE ENCOUNTER IN PUBLIC between being involved in forgeries, financial Ml LIBRARY frauds and miscellaneous misdemeanours) — that sort of superman is surely no unsuitable subject associates Ich glaube wohl, Sie lesen Goethe for a best-selling thriller or indeed a learned Chartered surveyors, Mit diesem furchtbar dicken Diktionar tome. He actually existed; his name was Arthur valuers and estate agents Und seh'. Sie haben Ihre Note — Trebitsch Lincoln (recte Abraham Schwarz), Ach. wenn doch alles English war! 26 Conduit Street 1879-1943, and the book on him. The Secret Lives London W1R9TA Mein Fraulein. sei'n Sie heiter, of Trebitsch Lincoln (Yale. 327 pp.), has just Sie qualen sich doch dran, appeared. The author is Professor Bernard Was­ Telephone 01-409 0771 Telex 8814861 Mit Faust & Gretchen & so weiter: serstein who in 1979 wrote Britain and the Jews of Ob ich wohl helfen kann? Europe 1939-1945. We hope to review his new We buy sell let value survey and manage commercial property for Clients A. REIMAN work shortly. page 6 AJR INFORMATION JUNE 1988 REFUGEE COMPOSER'S OPERA IRVING BERLIN 100 PERFORMED AT LAST SB's Column This amazing life story started when in 1892 a Unacceptable. Hilde Spiel the Austrian author Musical history was made on 16 April, when terrifying pogrom in the Siberian town of Temun who was long torn between loyalty to her English refugee composer Berthold Goldschmidt destroyed the Jewish quarter almost completely. exile and her Austrian roots, was invited to speak received a standing ovation from members of the One ofthe few surviving families who managed to at the opening of this year's Salzburg Festival. She London Chamber Orchestra, the Pro Musica escape was the community's cantor Moses Baline, has just sent her answer to the Festival authorities Chorus of London and a packed Queen Elizabeth his wife and their eight children. Three months thanking them for this honour and adds 'It hurts Hall on London's South Bank. The occasion was later, the Balines landed in New York where me greatly having to refuse, but under the the world premiere of his second opera Beatrice Moses Baline, broken-hearted and in indescrib­ patronage of the present-day Austrian president, Cenci nearly 40 years after it had been submitted able poverty, died a few years later. Izzy, the my participation is not compatible with my as a prize-winning entry in the Arts Council's youngest son who showed rare musical talent at conscience.' Festival of Britain opera competition. The con­ an early age (he was only 4 when he arrived in the ductor, Odaline de la Martinez, joined in the calls Ingrid Bergman. A new book (in German) States) started out as a singing waiter in new about the universally acclaimed film star by of Maestro, Maestro and beckoned the Hamburg- York's Chinese quarter, entertaining the guests in born composer to the platform, where, flanked by American journalist Lawrence Leamer is pub­ an amateurish way, and, after everyone had gone, lished by Kabel Verlag, Hamburg. In contrast to a the 'cast' of nine soloists, he acknowledged the tried his luck at the piano without ever having had applause with modesty and humour. previous biography of the actress praising her music lessons before (or after). He started by achievements but reticent about her private life, The same qualities had earlier characterised his humming melodies to listening friends and this latest book is extremely outspoken, depicting introductory talk in which he described those acquired a new identity as Irving Berlin. her as amorous and promiscuous. She is described years in the artistic wilderness which had been the When, just before the first world war, Ameri­ as not very educated (Vittorio de Sica calls her 'La fate of this particular work before reaching the cans heard 'Alexander's Rag Time Band' for the grande ignora') with reading matter that hardly promised land of a full-length concert per­ first time, Irving Berlin's wildest dreams could exceeded running through the reviews about her formance by an accomplished conductor and not have foreseen its impact on the musical scene: own person. talented musicians, recorded for Channel Four vivacious and irresistible rythms introduced a new Birthdays. Bette Davis, one of the most pro­ Television and, on the whole, well received by the era, and the powerful novelty dance (later called minent personalities of the American film world, press. the Foxtrot) brought old and young into newly- had her 80th birthday. Her autobiography 'A The event was the highlight of a three-day opened dance halls. Berlin, overtly hailed as Lonely Life' appeared some time ago. Hans "weekened experience' which featured other 'King of Ragtime', became a household name, his Weigel, Austrian author, essayist and critic, a works by Goldschmidt, as well as music by Karl fortunes increased and, simultaneously, his ambi­ very outspoken defender of democratic rights in Weigl. The presentation was organised by the tion to prove himself in the country of his to-day's Austria, also celebrated his 80th birth­ Mornington Trust in co-operation with the adoption. day. Heidemarie Hatheyer, born in Carinthia, Austrian Institute. It would take far too long to enumerate all the who started her career at Vienna's Theater an der DAVID MAIER musicals and songs which followed during the Wien in the musical 'Axel an der Himmelstriire', years from World War I into the Sixties, from playing alongside Zarah Leander, attained the VIKTOR ULLMANN REVIVAL Always and Play a simple melody to the great age of 70, and is still an important actress of the Viktor Ullmann, the Czech Jewish composer Astaire-Rogers films (Top Hat, Follow the Fleet, day. whose opera 'The Emperor of Atlantis' will be Carefree), and crowned by the musicals Annie get Obituary. It is belatedly learnt that Willi Kollo, performed during the London International your gun and Call me Madam. Ironically, the two composer and lyric writer ('Nachts ging das Opera Festival this month, is not perhaps as well best-known songs by Irving Berlin are connected Telefon') has died in Berlin at the age of 83. His known as he should be — possibly for reasons to with the holiest Christian festive days ofthe year: father Walter Kollo, operetta composer, was the do with his somewhat erratic personality. Though Easter Parade has remained a great favourite for first of 3 generations of musical talents; Willi's son a pupil of Arnold Schonberg's, he rejected the several generations, and White Christmas became Rene Kollo is an internationally-known opera master, then composed sporadically, worked in a a most beloved Christmas song in America and singer with a lyric tenor voice who also appears in book shop, rarely held a job for any length of Europe, and is, according to statistics, ranking Wagner roles; he has sung in Bayreuth since 1969, time, and his three marriages were unhappy. He only second after Silent Night. Irving Berlin, alias and was Lohengrin at the Royal Opera House perished in Auschwitz in 1944, aged 46. Izzy Baline from the much-persecuted East, has Covent Garden in 1976 and 1980. The "Emperor of Atlantis' which he wrote given all this and so much more to every lover of while a prisoner at Theresienstadt, is a fantasy of music, and can be rightly called a 'Master what might happen if Death went on strike. It was musician of the century'. On the occasion of his discovered in 1970, performed in Holland and 100th birthday last month, he was the subject of awarded the Prix Italia. The programme now will heartfelt tributes from all over the world. also include (for the first time) Ullmann's settings STEFAN BUKOWITZ MEPHISTO? of Elizabeth Barratt Browning's poems, a piano What was Gustaf Grundgens, the actor, doing sonata whose second movement is dedicated to under the Nazis? Joachim Fest, in his Hitler Gustav Mahler, and some of his own concentra­ 'Strauss to Matilda' biography, names him among those who when tion camp poems. Viennese in Australia 1938-1988 asked 'placed themselves at the regime's disposal' Ullmann came to London in June 1938 when This is the title of stories, told by immigrants who and puts him next to Werner Krauss which is bad the International Society for Contemporary came to Australia as a result of the Anschluss company. The director of the Hamburg Thalia Music performed his second String Quartet of giving vivid accounts of dramatic experiences and Theatre, Jurgen Flimm, had apparently reason to which, curiously enough, all trace has since been the often ingenious way in which a new life was be on his guard when he now refused to allow lost. He returned to Prague but was unable to found in the adopted country. They also give Grundgens' name to associated with a theatre escape in time. glimpses of the historical background and the prize awarded by the German Stage Society. In cosmopolitan and artistic traditions of Vienna and doing so he incurred the wrath of Griindgens' Annely Juda Fine Art convey the significant contributions made to the widow, the actress Marianne Hoppe, who denounced this 'impertinence' of one who 'does 11 Tottenham Mews, London W1P9PJ development of Australia. not know what he is talking about'. Griindgens, 01-637 5517,8 Strauss to Matilda, an illustrated work of 320 CONTEMPORARY PAINTING pages, with a foreword by the Prime Minister, she said, had 'had dealings with the regime only to AND SCULPTURE R. J. L. Hawke, edited by Karl Bittman, is the extent that was required to ensure the survival Mon-Fri: 10 am-6 pm Sat: 10 am-1 pm published by the Wenkart Foundation as a of the theatre'. Some of our readers may be able contribution to Australia's Bicentenary. to comment on the controversy. AJR INFORMATION JUNE 1988 page? if the Hitler government had permitted him to attend the prize-giving ceremony, he could not IN MEMORIUM CARL VON OSSIETZKY have travelled to Oslo. There, by the way, two leading newspapers had received articles against awarding the Peace prize to Ossietzky, written by Fifty years ago, in May 1938, Carl von Ossietzky accused were sent to prison for eighteen months. the same man, an internationally famous author. died — the last German to receive the Nobel For a short while, the two were still free. Kreiser His name was Knut Hamsun. Peace Prize until 1971 (Willy Brandt). With got the wind up, fled to Paris and sold the story of Berkholz' book is a diligent appreciation of a Ossietzky, who got the award on his deathbed, Germany's secret rearmament to a rightwing man who has been called 'a true German patriot'. peace itself died, and so did what had been left of French paper. Ossietzky was disgusted; he him­ He died, only 48 years old, half a century ago in another, better Germany. The sad anniversary self regarded it as his duty to stay at the helm of Berlin; his town has not forgotten its great fighter prompted the Luchterhand Verlag, Darmstadt, his journal as long as he could. for peace. Nor, we may assume, has Israel, still to entrust the historian Stefan Berkholz with the The end — and the first of those 227 days of full of Ossietzky's former contemporaries. Per­ compilation of all the documents, letters, and Berkholz'book title — came on May 10,1932. On haps his memory is being kept up by that other other still unpublished material concerning that morning, a sad little group of friends said Prize of honour, as one of the Righteous among Ossietzky under the title: '227 Days in Prison'. farewell to Ossietzky outside the iron gates at the the Nations. For that was the habitat of an outstanding, prison of Tegel; Ernst Toller made a little speech, EGON LARSEN courageous German publicist during the last year wishing him the best of luck and strength to of the Weimar Republic. survive the ordeal. Ossietzky answered: if his Carl von Ossietzky, born in 1889, was the friends were going to campaign for his release, unusual offspring of an officers' family, knighted they should do so not for him alone, but for all the by Prussia's 'Great Elector'. Carl's parents were political prisoners in Germany. During his 'Fundamentalist' Violence in Catholics and Conservatives, but soon Carl absence, the pacifist writer Hellmut von Gerlach Frankfurt became a Protestant, a Social-Democrat, and a was occupying Ossietzky's perilous chair of Simultaneous bomb attacks on the Frankfurt writer for the left-wing press. Inevitably, he editor-in-chief. Jewish communal centre and on the local offices became a contributor to Siegfried Jacobsohn's 'He became the best-known political prisoner of Saudi Arabian Airlines were reported in the influentual weekly, founded in 1905 as a critical at the end of the Weimar Republic', writes German press as instances of the mounting spiral review of Berlin's theatrical life under the title of Berkholz in his preface. 'During that time, the of violence and counter-violence, the ceaseless 'Die Schaubiihne'. But the first World War decisive signals of aproaching fascism were growth of radical fundamentalism. Representa­ affected Jacobsohn so deeply that he wrote in emerging all over Germany'. When the political tives of the Jewish community complained that 1918: "May my hand rot if it ever fails, even for a parties came to an arrangement in the Reichstag police protection for their premises had been single week, to hammer the wickedness of war that political prisoners 'not committed for reasons inadequate. A spokesman of the Social Demo­ and of its advocates into my fellow-men's minds' of personal profit should be freed'. President crats called upon the standing conference of West — and he renamed his journal 'Die Weltbiihne', Hindenburg had to announce a Christmas German Ministers ofthe Interior to look into this which soon developed into the leading liberal amnesty. Two days before the holidays in 1932, aspect of the crime. weekly of the Weimar Republic, revealing the gates of Tegel prison opened to release dangerous plots of the reactionaries, secret re­ Ossietzky. A month and a week later, Hinden­ armaments, and what was going on behind the burg appointed Hitler Reichskanzler. scenes of Hitler's emerging Nazi Party. All the friends of Ossietzky who were still in Ossietzky soon became one of Jacobsohn's Germany advised him to take the next train main contributors and a great friend of his abroad, preferably to Vienna where Siegfried colleague Kurt Tucholsky. Tragically, Jacobsohn Jacobsohn's widow had already set up a replace­ died in 1926 at the early age of only 45. The ment Welthiihne for their subscribers and contri­ Weltbiihne urgently needed a new editor. butors living outside Germany; all was ready for Tucholsky had settled in Paris, but the legally their editor-in-chief. But Ossietzky was deter­ 'responsible' editor had to be available in Berlin; mined to stay: 'One has to watch history from a so the natural choice was Ossietzky. Under his front seat', he told Gabriele Tergit who urged him BELSIZE SQUARE SYNAGOGUE conscientious and passionate leadership the jour­ to save his life. She had been right. On the nal carried on its fight for liberty and decency, its morning after the Reichstag fire, the stormtroop­ 51 BELSIZE SQUARE, NW3 struggle against the Nazis and against the Repub­ ers came and took him to a concentration camp. lic's creeping paralysis. He had enjoyed freedom for little more than two We offer a traditional style of In March, 1929, the 'Weltbiihne' published an months. religious service with Cantor, extensive contribution about Germany's aviation; During the next few years, he was dragged from Choir and Organ the author, the Social-Democrat economist one KZ to the other, his health deteriorating Walter Kreiser, had used official statements like rapidly. At the same time, a worldwide campaign the current budget of the Ministry of Transport to make him the Nobel laureate for Peace was Further details can be obtained for an analysis of certain secret activities. What growing day by day, led and furthered by famous Kreiser discovered was no more nor less than the German exiles from Thomas Mann to Albert Irom our synagogue secretary clandestine birth of the Luftwaffe. Under the Einstein and Willy Brandt. Originally, the Prize Telephone 794-3949 Treaty of Versailles, the Reich was not allowed to was meant to exert the greatest possible pressure build military aircraft. to release Ossietzky while there was still hope to A 'case' of Landesverrat was started but get him into a Swiss sanatorium; but the momen­ Minister: Rabbi Rodney J. Mariner dragged on. At last in November, 1931, the tum of the campaign had gripped all who still Cantor: Rev Lawrence H. Fine Supreme Court at Leipzig held the trial against believed in humanity and decency. The Nobel Prize Committee, however, was in no hurry. Regular services: Friday evenings at 6.30 pm, Kreiser as the betrayer of official secrets and Saturday mornings at 11 am Ossietzky as the responsible editor of the Weh- Eventually, in November, 1936, he was awarded btihne. At the trial, which took place in camera, the Prize for 1935. The Nazi authorities, Religion school: Sundays at 10 am to i pm Ossietzky launched a passionate attack against impressed by the international uproar, had the growing power of the military in ostensibly already transferred him to a proper Berlin hospi­ Space donated by Pafra Limited democratic Germany. He did not seem to care tal where the doctors diagnosed tuberculosis in an what would happen to him. The verdict: both advanced stage. Ossietzky was a dying man. Even page 8 AJR INFORMATION JUNE 1988 BERLIN'S CENTRE FOR RESEARCH ON ANTISEMITISM THE GUILT OF THE FATHERS In its essentials and in practical terms, the issue Professor Herbert Strauss Seventy came up recently when the German President Richard von Weizsacker was invited to be the There have always been historians who, once 1987 at a special ceremony when Strauss was principal graduation speaker at, and receive an retired, embark upon some big scholarly enter­ handed by the President of the Technical Univer­ honorary degree from. Harvard University last prise. What is unusual is that, after retirement, sity a collection of essays by the staff and other June. In a prominently featured article in the scholars begin to build up an entirely new institute friends of the Centre: Antisemitismus und Boston Globe, a professor of history at Rice for research. This is what Herbert Strauss did Judische Geschichte. Studien zu Ehren von Her­ University, Francis L. Loewenheim, attacked when he left New York for his native Germany in bert A. Strauss. Herausgegeben von R. Erb und Weizsacker as 'the son who tries to explain away 1982 to take charge of the newly founded Centre M. Schmidt. Beriin. 1987. the sins of his Nazi father'. The German President for research on antisemitism at Berlin's Technical was accused of having 'never said what a person of Having succeeded, within a remarkably short University. He was facing a formidable challenge. integrity might have been expected to say: "I time, in solidly establishing this new Centre for Blueprints for the College had to be worked out in know about Hitler's war crimes at close range Research on Antisemitism which has now gained detail and theory translated into scientific prac­ because my own father served Hitler'". He was recognition both in the world of learning and in tice. Again it was not only scientific imagination said to be 'conspicuously lacking in candour and public life generally, Strauss is assured of our very that was needed but a talent for practical organ­ truthfulness', although no evidence was produced best wishes in the pursuit of his aims for a long isation. When Strauss arrived in Berlin, he found to sustain the charge. Loewenheim was supported time ahead. neither accommodation nor furniture nor even by a professor of law at Harvard Law School, staff. It was due to his personal skill and untiring REINHARD RURUP Alan Dershowitz. energy that, within a few years, a place for A very different stand was taken by the senior research sprang up which has achieved consider­ rabbi of nearby Cambridge, Ben Zion Gould, able success and drawn approval and respect from who, in an interview with the chief US correspon­ fellow-researchers in his field both at home and dent of the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, abroad. The article above by a Professor of Modern quoted Ezechiel, 18.20, that 'the son shall not bear the iniquity of the father neither shall the Strauss managed to obtain the generous sup­ History at the Technische Universitdt. Berlin, who father bear the iniquity of the son'. In a letter to port of German foundations for the promotion of himself has done important research on German the Boston paper he, himself a survivor, wrote science and learning. It has enabled him, within a Jewry's past, is printed as a tribute to Professor that 'we knew that many would die, but not many hmited budget, to engage assistants (however Herbert A. Strauss who was 70 on 1 June. He has of us, if any, knew of or could at all visualise the few) and to launch a number of ambitious played a leading part in the work of the American "final solution", the systematic extermination of research projects. They include one entitled Das Federation of Jews from Central Europe, whose all Jews'. Bild der Juden in der Volkskultur 1815-1848, Executive Vice-President he has been for many which relies on contributions from historians, years, also in the Council of Jews from Germany In a strongly worded comment, the Bonn especially of literature, and students of the social as a member of its Presidium. By profession a Springer daily Die Weh wondered whether Weiz­ and cultural sciences. Another project is Wissens- historian, he has a wide range of scholarly sacker must now expect to be put, like Waldheim, transfer durch Emigration und Riicktransfer nach publications to his credit. His achievements were on a US 'watch list': 'In Central Europe people 1945 which is likewise conceived in terms of referred to in detail on the occasion of his 60th have had enough of the bigoted self-righteousness interdisciplinary cooperation. Thus, in 1987, the and 65th birthday. One of the subjects on which and the short-legged guilt-and-atonement cli- Centre had a staff of 12 researchers, to whom he has become an authority is the acculturation of chees now being used across the Atlantic in must be added a number of scholarship holders German Jews in their countries of resettlement. dealing with the past. Nor will they tolerate much and outside assistants. In this capacity he also gives guidance to Council longer Americans comporting themselves, as they members who had embarked on similar projects. did in Vienna, like pro-consuls and insulting Since 1983, the Centre has run, once a year, Since 1982, Strauss has been Director of the heads of State. The cohesion of the freedom- well attended series of lectures many of which Zentrum fiir Antisemitismusforschung of the loving Europeans must suffer as a result'. were made available in successful book publica­ Technische Universitat, Berlin. His numerous tions. The volume Antisemitismus: Von der friends and fellow-workers extend their heartiest Judenfeindschaft zum Holocaust, which appeared birthday wishes to him. in 1984, has now sold 26,000 copies, and the volume Juden und Judentum in der Literatur has proved very popular as a pocket edition first printed in 1985. This year's series of lectures is THE CHILDREN'S AND dealing with Brennpunkte des gegenwdrtigen GRANDCHILDREN'S BURDEN Antisemitismus. Since 1983 too, each autumn OPEN DAY The Nazi crimes must be seen not only as a seminars have been investigating problems of at problem of Germany's historical responsibility prejudice, political asylum, the Holocaust and but even more as 'an important part of the political civilisation; these Lerntage have had a OTTO SCHIFF HOUSE identity of our society'. This is the conclusion response far beyond the Technical University. reached by a young German historian Christian Not content with this elaborate programme, Relatives and friends are cordially Meier in a book entitled 40 Jahre nach Auschwitz. Strauss has also found time for scientific work of Deutsche Geschichtserinnerung heute (Munich. his own. 1983 saw the appearance of the last invited to join us on Deutscher Kunstverlag. 1987. 96pp.), where he volume of the International Bibliographical Dic­ confesses that Germans cannot hope to get away tionary of Central European Emigres 1933-1945 Sunday, 14 August from 3.00 pm from their fathers' crimes any more than they can which is edited by him together with Werner STALLS, RAFFLE, TEA from the fathers themselves. He has difficulty in Rdder. He has since produced for the Centre the explaining what it means to be the children and first two volumes of a handbook entitled Current (hopefully in the garden) grandchildren of criminals. It was not 'The Studies on Antisemitism. In addition he has Germans' or 'The Nazis' who did it (he seems to contributed to a variety of publications articles on 14 Netherhall Gardens NW3 say) — it was, in a more than metaphorical sense, his chosen subjects, including Jewish history and Adults £1.00 Children SOp the entire present generation trying to go on living the history of migration and refugees. The first under the burden of the pain and sorrow of the phase of the Centre's activities was marked in whole German history. i AJR INFORMATION JUNE 1988 page 9 The AJR CLUB PAUL BALINT — AJR 15 Cleve Road, N.W.6 The Club now has two joint chairmen — Susi AJR CHARITY CONCERT DAY CENTRE Horwell and Lotte Saenger. Mrs. Dora Segall has agreed to become its Hon. President. to commemorate the Golden Jubilee Entertainment for June and We also have formed a Liaison Committee with of Self Aid of Refugees first half of July AJR Day Centre representatives. It consists of Mrs Dora Segall, Mrs. Lydia Lassman. Mrs. JUNE Sylvia Matus, Mrs. Hilde Baban, Mr. Kurt We are delighted to announce that this Steiner, Mrs. Ilse Tischler and the two joint year's concert will take place on Sunday Wednesday 1st 'Musical Entertainment' — chairmen. 9 October at 3 p.m. in the Queen The Stajex Players Elizabeth Hall and that the Amadeus Thursday 2nd "Magic & Music' — Rev. Annual Club Outing Piano Trio have agreed to perform for Shisler us. Monday 6th 'Musical Entertainment" — On Tuesday, 28 June, we shall have our annual Justin Joseph OUTING, organized and conducted again by We are currently preparing the Souvenir Mrs. EVA WOODMAN-BRANDT, the daugh­ Tuesday 7th Kingsbury Sing-A-Longers Brochure and hope you will support us ter of one of our founders, Gertrud Schachne. not only by buying tickets for the event Wednesday Sth 'Musical Adventure' — Mrs. Brandt will take us to the Thames Valley, nearer the date, but also by taking space Maurice Stoller first to Stonor Park and its beautiful mansion, then for greetings from patrons, children and Thursday 9th "Songs from around the to Henley-on-Thames for tea. grandchildren. World' — Francoise Geller Monday 13th "Life is Curious' — Irene The coach wdl meet us at the hack of Waitrose's White Finchley Road supermarket (Broadhurst Gdns.) For further details contact Lydia Lassman, Tel. 483 2536. Tuesday 14th "The Contribution of German at 1.15 and leave soon thereafter. Please come Jews to English Music' — early. You can wait on one of the near-by benches C. Aronsfeld or at Waitrose's coffee place. The cost of the Wednesday 15th "One Month in China" — outing incl. tea will be £6 for members. £7.50 for Naomi Simon others. PLEASE BOOK EARLY and NOT Thursday 16th London Ladies Choir LA TER THAN 10 JUNE. DR. ERWIN SELIGMANN 95 Monday 20th "Songs by Ruth Aaronson' Video films will be shown on Sundays at 2.30. Erwin Seligmann was born in Hamburg on 11 accompanied by Irene Wallis June 1893. He was brought up in the tradition of Tuesday 21st "Classical Music' — Rhian Liberal Judaism and educated in Frankfurt- Williams (Harpist) am-Main. at the humanistic Grammar School, the Wednesday 22nC "Piano Recital' — Stephen Goethe Gymnasium. Though strongly inclined to Baron TWO VOICES AND A PIANO study literature and journalism, he yielded to his Thursday 23rd 'Short Classical Violin On 28 April a capacity Day Centre audience parents' suggestion to study law. Pieces' — Marianne Olyver & enjoyed — and accompanied with tapping feet — a programme woven around the theme of Danc­ In 1914 he volunteered for the German Army, Jonathan Honeyball and received the Iron Cross (second class). Monday 27th "My Experiences as a Tour ing. Leipzig-born pianist-singer Barbara Jacob- Guide' — Elsie Harding son and operatic soprano Helen Mignano ran the Wounded in 1916. he was discharged. During his whole gamut from a Mozart minuet to the student years he joined the K.C., a Jewish Tuesday 28th "Hans Freund & Guest duelling fraternity, the Liberal Jewish Youth Artistes' Charleston, and from the Habaneraof Carmen to a hora tune. Club, and the Jewish Socialist Students' Union, Wednesday 29th "Elizabeth Arden Make-Up where he met the medical student Lydia Mayer- Presentation" — Margaret O'Dea Barbara has added another glittering prize to Alapin. They married in August 1920, and had her professional successes. In addition to being three daughters. Erwin practised in Frankfurt as a Thursday 30th ""German & French Lieder — resident pianist at Holiday Inn. Swiss Cottage and solicitor, and later retrained as a cook. Soprano & Piano Recital' — West Lodge Park, Cockfosters, she is now to be Jeremy Henderson & In 1939 he came to England. He joined the Vivienne Bellos seen every Sunday lunchtime in the restaurant of the Hilton International, Regents Park. Pioneers, but was soon released because of his JULY war injuries. He opened a restaurant in Zion House and worked very hard in Lyons Corner Monday 4th Kol Rinah Singers Houses as well as in restaurants in Soho. Finally Tuesday Sth "We have it on Record!" A he opened his own boarding house. musical entertainment with OSMOND HOUSE Susi and Arnold Horwell The Bishop's Avenue Restitution payments enabled him to resume Wednesday 6th a) Outing to Chenies his intellectual interests. He joined the circle b) At the Day Centre — London N.2. around Leo Baeck, the activities at the Liberal Gerard Tichauer (Piano) Jewish Synagogue and Club 43. His many lec­ Thursday 7th Folk Songs — Kathy Payne tures, mainly on Jewish affairs, always reached a Monday 11th "Musical Entertainment' — very high standard. Since 1975 he has been Alan Starr & Jennie Sandler OPEN DAY Chairman of the 43 Club. Tuesday 12th "Talk on Gibraltarian Jews & their Customs' — Molly Sunday, 19th June at 2.30 pm A few years ago, Erwin was commissioned to Greenby write the history of Frankfurt Jewry since the Wednesday 13th 'Selection of Classical Music Stalls Emancipation. After three years of intensive for Flute & Harp' — Aline Entertainment research his report was submitted to the authori­ Brewer & Felicity Goodsir Tea ties at Frankfurt, who have not yet decided on Thursday Uth "Flute & Guitar Duo' — publication. Maria Noakes & Donald Bow­ Come and visit us and bring the family. Entrance ind. Tea and Cakes £1.50. May he be blessed with good health and sted mental alertness for a long time to come. B. STERLY page 10 AJR INFORMATION JUNE 1988 HOCHHUTH'S STELLVERTRETER HEREDITARY NOBILITY REV. WILLIAM KATZ M.B.E. REVIVED The Mayor of Hamburg, Klaus von Dohnanyi, The Rev. William Katz M.B.E. who died in was awarded the B'nai B'rith's gold medal for Sydney at the age of 92. was a pioneer of Rolf Hochhuth's play Der Stellvertreter which 'distinguished leadership and service to human­ organised Jewish life in Sydney (writes Dr WolfS. caused considerable controversy when it was first ity'. His father, Hans von Dohnanyi, a cousin of Matsdorf, Jerusalem). Born in Diemerode near produced by Erwin Piscator in Berlin in 1963 was Pastor Bonhoeffer (who was murdered by the Kassel. he served in the German Army during the recently revived in Munich where the central Nazis in 1945) was in German military intel­ First Worid War. He was a teacher at the Jewish theme — Pope Pius XII's alleged indifference to ligence where he managed to help in rescuing State Schools in Hessen-Nassau and served as the Holocaust — again aroused much pro and Jews. Cantor at Kassel's Main Synagogue. con. The protests were led by the Munich After imprisonment at Buchenwald. he emi­ Archbishop, Cardinal Wetter, who thought his­ BLOOD MONEY grated in 1939 with his family to Australia. During torical research had shown that the Pope had As the site of the alleged Jewish ritual murder of a the war he helped a small number of refugees to done more for the Jews than Hochhuth would Christian boy in the Middle Ages the Tyrolean form a congregation. Together with his wife allow, and it seemed to him invidious that these village of Rinn has traditionally — and especially Rosalie, he managed to weld the different immi­ reproaches should be levelled ausgerechnet by since the Nazi era — been a centre of pilgrimage. grant groups into one community, the Northern one belonging to the country of the Holocaust. Recently, in consequence of a 25-year campaign Suburbs Hebrew Congregation, and in March The Bavarian Minister of Education also dep­ by the Austrian Aktion gegen Antisemitismus, and 1952, the then Chief Rabbi Israel Brodie laid the recated the 'tendentious' and 'distorting' presen- thanks to the intervention ofthe Bishop of Tyrol, foundation stone to their synagogue in Sydney's tadon of the facts. The Miinchner Merkur like­ Dr. Stecher, the practice has been discontinued garden suburb Lindfield. wise condemned the 'follies' ofthe 'scandal play'. (see May issue). A related development casts a With a membership of well over 1,000, recently By contrast, the audience applauded, the Pope lurid light on the state of mind of Austrian increased by migrants from Britain and South was booed. officialdom: the owner of the Hotel Judenstein at Africa, this Beth Knesset became the focus of Rinn — hitherto the main financial beneficiary of Jewish life, not only for religious, cultural and The theatre critic ofthe Frankfurter Allgemeine the pilgrimages — is to receive a million Austrian educational activities, but also extending over the Zeitung sided with Hochhuth who had demon­ schillings to compensate him for the loss of years into a regional Jewish kindergarten and the strated that 'in certain situations loud protests custom sustained through this righting of an most prestigious Massada High School and Col­ must be raised, regardless as to whether they are ancient wrong. All the hotelier has to do to make lege, one of the foremost Jewish Day Schools in politically expedient, useful or likely to achieve himself eligible for the 'hand-out' is to change the the country. For his activities in Jewish and success — solely for the sake of the moral cli­ name of his establishment to Sportshotel. general communal work Rev. Katz was awarded mate, to render honour to the spirit'. the M.B.E. in 1975. He recorded the congregation's history in his There is talk now of plans to produce a film of WRONG DIRECTION book And the Ark rested. . . . He also published an the play. In an interview with the Munich Israel is negotiating with the Soviet Union to autobiography entitled Ein Jiidisch-deutsches Abendzeitung, Hochhuth said the rights had been tighten up emigration procedures in an attempt to Leben which became a success at both the sold to Italy 25 years ago but nothing was done. divert Soviet Jewish emigres away from America. Frankfurt and the Jerusalem International Book According to him, "the Vatican secretly got hold Only about 1,600 of the 8,000 Jews granted exit Fair. of the rights so as to prevent the filming of the visas for Israel last year actually arrived. Many Rev. Katz is survived by his wife Rosalie, as story'. No details were furnished to substantiate declared themselves refugees and later emigrated well as by his daughter Eva and three grand­ the astonishing allegation. to the United States. children.

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Dozens of leading articles, innumerable feuille­ Separate Celebrations by Government and Dissidents tons in the international press may be inspired by a new booklet from Piper (Munich-Zurich), written by Michael Wolffsohn under the title The present dehcate state of affairs in Poland was national and to have protested against the Soviet 'Ewige Schuld?' ('Forever Guilty?'). It deals with strikingly reflected in the commemorations of the invasion of Poland in September 1939. forty years of German-Jewish-Israeli relations as Warsaw Ghetto Uprising 45 years ago. The In his address at the Citizens' meeting, Edel­ seen by a Jew born in Israel in 1947, but residing official ceremonies, organised by the Polish Ex- man declared Poland's Communist rulers were in the Federal Republic. He is now professor of servicemen's Association Zbowid. began with a totalitarian and unworthy to commemorate the modern history at the University of the Bundes­ scholars' conference on the theme 'Struggle and uprising. The cemetery, he said, had been a wehr in Munich. Martyrdom of Jews and Poles during the Hitler symbol of the shame of Hitlerism but 'today it The author presents the reader with many Occupation'. Held in Warsaw, Treblinka and becomes a symbol of shame for all totalitarian­ highly original ideas, questions and arguments: Auschwitz, it was attended by about 4,000 Jews isms'. for instance, that the post-Hitler German was from all over the world including a delegation supposed to walk gebiickt and in a hairshirt from Britain, led by the President of the Board of During the celebrations various opinions on because of his sins as a Nazi. Now, says Wolff­ Deputies. Dr. L. Kopelowitz, who were received Pohsh antisemitism were heard, if only in private. sohn, it is Israel which assumes the wrong by the Polish leader. General Jaruzelski. Others There were those who stressed the antisemitic posture. Then again, we read the infinitely tragic present were the Israeli deputy Prime Minister past, particularly before the war and among the anecdote about the Hungarian rabbi who, while Navon. the Minister of Justice Sharir, and six Catholic clergy, while others remembered the waiting in Auschwitz for his death, sees it as members of the Knesset. In the absence of long periods of Polish-Jewish co-existence, the 'God's punishment' for his insufficient resistance diplomatic relations between Poland and Israel, solidarity between Polish and Jewish anti-Nazi against 'blasphemous Zionism'. they came as 'private individuals' as did about resistance, more especially the help given by 'Without Hitler — no Israel' is one of the 1.000 Israeli University students and school chil­ Poles to the Ghetto fighters. One widely read recurring arguments among Jews everywhere, dren. paper, Trybuna Ludu, used this last point to according to Wolffsohn. It was, therefore, a good contrast it with what was called the indifference of idea in Bonn first to start buying weapons from The Zbowid organising committee included the free world, even among American Jews. Israel and a few years later to supply Israel with people who were involved in the antisemitic German weapons. But the most surprising campaign of 1968, among them the President of In a greetings message to the citizens, the leader of Solidarity, Lech Walesa, referred to the change, claims the author, has been that of taking Zbowid. Henryk Jablonski, who, as dean of over from Germany the role of the violent and Warsaw University's History Department, was time when Polish-Jewish relations were 'poi­ soned' and said: 'May we be forgiven for all this'. aggressive nation: 'The image and role of the responsible for the dismissal of Jewish professors, defenceless, weak, mellow Jew has turned into and Professor Kazimierz Kakol who, in March No such sendments were expressed at the official celebrations. The head of Solidarity's Warsaw the Zionist-inspired new Jewish man: the warrior 1968, suspected 'Zionists' of wanting to stage a (the author also calls him ''der Besatzef'y. It is a coup d'etat; he is now director of the State section, Bujak, spoke of the losses suffered by Poland as a result of the extermination of the book full of subjects for conversations, the reader Institute for the Investigation of Nazi Crimes in will think. But will they also be discussed in the Poland. Jews. 'What could we not have achieved if they had survived!', he told the 5,000 assembled at the seats of power by those responsible for shaping The Polish Communist Party marked the 20th Ghetto memorial. our future? E.L. anniversary of the 1968 events by expressly dissociating itself from all antisemitic trends within it. 120 Poles who had saved persecuted Jews were decorated, inside the Parliament build­ Israel's ing, by the Secretary General of Yad Vashem, 'DEGENERATE MUSIC Mr. Arrat. Very finest Wines EXHIBITION REVISITED A separate commemoration was organised by a SHIPPED BY Citizens' Committee under the direction of the A 'reconstruction' of the Nazi exhibition only surviving leader ofthe Ghetto revolt, Marek 'Degenerate Music' (April-June 1938) was shown Edelman (now a heart specialist in Lodz). He was at Frankfurt's Alte Oper. It was the work of a once a member of the Jewish Socialist Bund musicologist and journalist, Albrecht Diimling, HOUSE OF (which was outlawed in 1948) and later joined the and the director of the Dusseldorf Philharmonic, Solidarity opposition movement. Because of this Peter Girth, who provided a suitable commentary HALLGARTEN record of his, the Zbowid would not invite him to in a companion volume entitled 'Repressed the official ceremonies. Music'. The Citizens' Committee whose members YARDEN and GAMLA include prominent champions of civil rights, Among the exhibits were composiuons of artists and scientists such as Zbigniev Bujak, Arnold Schdnberg, Kurt Weill, Ernst Toch, Paul AVAILABLE NOW Leszek Moczulski, Andrej Wajda and Jerzy Abraham, etc. Not all were Jews; there was Paul Hindemith for example, Robert Stolz, Gustav Holzer, held a special demonstration where a Please write or phone for joint Christian-Jewish prayer was recited in front Brecher (who conducted the premier of Brecht- of the Ghetto monument; there was also a march Weill's Mahagony and committed suicide in full information to the assembly point where the transports for Ostend). Their works were pilloried as 'the Teblinka left. products of the Jewish spirit' and unacceptable to 'healthy popular feeling' which was shown to be HOUSE OF HALLGARTEN The Citizens' Committee chose to make devoted to Wagner's antisemitism and in agree­ another contribution by unveiling in the Warsaw ment with Hans Pfitzner who branded Jazz as 53 HIGHGATE ROAD Jewish cemetery a monument for two Polish- 'vulgar' and atonal music as 'insanity'. Ironically, LONDON NWS 1RR Jewish victims of the Stalin terror, Wiktor Alter Beethoven's Sth symphony was presented as and Henryk Erlich, two Socialists who were 'heralding the Fuhrer's career' — a not entirely 01-267 2041 executed in 1941. Their 'crime' was to have been inappropriate comment as the symphony pro­ members of the (anti-Communist) Second inter­ vided the signature tune of the Allies 'V sign. page 12 AJR INFORMATION JUNE 1988 HYPHEN'S ANNIVERSARY Sir — As a result of a suggestion by the late Letters to the Editor Werner Ruedenberg and myself and after 11 months' planning in Dr. Rosenstock's office, the Hyphen Social Group was born on 30 October 1948 at 1 Broadhurst Gardens, N.W.3. In its 19 RESEARCH ON GERMAN JEWRY EXODUS AND CONQUEST years of existence, it produced 40 marriages of which only three proved failures. Many of the Sir — I am working on a study showing the Sir— Your admirable article in the April number ex-Hyphens are still in contact. In order to fly a influence and contribution of Jews in Germany, of AJR Information 'The Exodus From Egypt kite, whether a reunion might be possible, I asked in particular over the last 200 years. In this and The Conquest of Canaan' prompts me to some of my old Hyphen friends to attend a theatre connection I am endeavouring to locate the write to you. It is rare that one finds such sense of party at Sadlers Wells in honour of my 18th following works which may be useful: perspecdve in comments on our history. My own birthday (leap year) coming-of-age. With alacrity thinking has been along similar lines and I am Tetzloff. 2.000 Kurzbiographien bedeutender deutscher many responded. We had eight couples who met Juden des 20. Jahrhunderts. Lindhorst. 1982. very glad to see your thoughts expressed openly. as a result of meeting in the Hyphen and four of us Arnold Zweig, Bilanz des deutschen Judentums. Incidentally, I am equally impressed by the article surviving singles, besides friends from Jewish Siegmund Kaznelson. Juden im deutschen Kultur­ on the same page 'Israel's 40th Anniversary'. Senior Rambling Group to which seven or eight bereich. Berlin. Judischer Verlag. ARNOLD ROSENSTRAUCH ex-Hypens now belong. Over a snack after the Ruth Luise Pierson. German Jewish Identity in the 25 Harcourt Drive, show, Werner Mattes remarked: 'It's amazing Weimar Republic. Earley, David Nachmansohn. German Jewish Pioneers in Reading how well most of us have kept' — the reason Science. Springer. 1979. easily being all the couples had been well matched Uri Ram. Jews in Germany. London. 1936. Woburn and were a contented lot. Press. ANOTHER FRANKFURT WIEDERSEHN As Jewish Senior Rambling Group will have its Could you kindly suggest where I could either 60th anniversary and the Hyphen its 40th this Sir — I read with great interest Mr. Worms' purchase or borrow these books? Also could you autumn. I am contemplating to arrange a joint article 'Wiedersehn in Frankfurt' in your April supply me with the titles, etc., of any other Birthday Buffet supper party. I am looking edition. I was born and went to school in Cologne, relevant works concerning my study? forward to replies. but was familiar with pre-war Frankfurt from 20/30 Helen Street. GERALD G. LIPPMAN 290 Grove End Gardens PETER W. JOMNSON visits in my teens to various relatives who lived in Lane Cove, NSW 2066, N.W.S Australia the beautiful residential quarters mentioned by Mr. Worms. After the War, I seem to have returned to DEFINITION OF AN ANTISEMITE CAMPS Frankfurt earlier than Mr. Worms as I obtained in INTERNMENT—P.O.W.— Sir — You state that 'celebrating' is not the right 1947 permission to visit Germany where I stayed FORCED LABOUR—KZ word when thinking of the 40th anniversary of in hotels reserved for Allied Military and Civilian I wish to buy cards, envelopes and folded post­ Israel's existence. May I remind you that Israel Personnel and where everything had to be paid marked letters from all camps of both world wars. took more of Hitler's refugees relatively than any for in Allied Occupation Currency. The purpose Please send, registered mail, stating price, to: other country. It accepted the refugees from of my journey was to prepare proceedings for 14 Rosslyn Hill, London NWS PETER C. RICKENBACK Russia, 800,000 refugees from Arab countries in restitution of my relatives' property. 1948 and recently the Falashas from Ethiopia. It My booking in Frankfurt was in a hotel in the has been at war against 22 countries with 150 Friedrich Ebert Strasse which I did not remember million implacable enemies for 40 years, whilst from my pre-war visits, but which emanated from the world looks on. To defend yourself against an the Bahnhofsplatz according to my newly printed enemy who seeks your destruction is not rep­ street-map. I arrived at the Hauptbahnhof at AJR rehensible. night where I found most familiar landmarks just My definition of an antisemite is one who heaps of rubble. I asked some of the 'natives' after CHARITABLE expects a higher standard of behaviour from Jews the Friedrich Ebert Strasse, nobody seemed to than from himself. The Allies asked for 'uncondi­ known. At last, I found one who said: Ach, Sie tional surrender' from Nazi Germany and bomb­ meine die Kaiserstrasse, die hiess bis jetzt Adolf- TRUST ing Hiroshima and Dresden were not acts of high Hitler-Strasse. moral principle. Unless you judge Israel's war I found my hotel without difficulty and thought CONTRIBUTIONS effort from the same standard as the Allied War of the French saying: Plus ga change, plus ga reste UNDER COVENANT effort, you are antisemitic. The most difficult la mime chose. antisemite to bear is, of course, the Jewish Flat 3, Kings Gate, HENRY L. LEHMANN A BEQUEST antisemite, who is a refugee from Hitler. 111 The Drive. Hove. Sussex IN YOUR WILL 49 Hawkshead Lane, HENRY TOCH N. Mymms, GIFTS IN Hatfield. Herts. THE KAISER'S FOUR JEWS YOUR LIFETIME Sir — The Daily Telegraph recently carried the RELIGIOUS BOOKS IN GERMAN announcement that Biddestone Manor in Wilt­ Your donation will help to ensure the Sir — Among your readers there should be many shire is for sale for little more than £1 million. It is continuation of our vital services to the who have in their possession Jewish religious the property of Prince Rupert zu Ldwenstein- community. These include: books in German, or with German translation or Wertheim-Freudenberg. This reminds me of the explanations, which are of no interest to our old story about Kaiser Wilhelm holding an DAY CENTRE young English-speaking generation. The under­ audience and asking his secretary 'Who is still SOCIAL SERVICES signed supplies them free of charge to organisa­ waiting?'. The reply was 'Nur noch Prinz Lowen­ FINANCIAL SUPPORT tions in German-sp)eaking countries like Switzer­ stein-Wertheim-Freudenberg'. The Kaiser said: FOR THE NEEDY land and Germany. You can contact me at 'Ach, lassen Sie die vier judischen Herren nur 01-800-2292. noch etwas warten'. Space donated bv 75 Allerton Rd, E. J. ROSENTHAL 21 St Winifred's Drive, FRANZ PETERS Arnold R. Horwell'Ltd. London N.16 Bath AJR INFORMATION JUNE 1988 page 13 IN MEMORY OF ERICH KLIBANSKY OBITUARIES Saviour of Hundreds On a recent visit to Israel I spent a blustery EDITH KAHN afternoon in Haifa visiting the nearly completed HENRY OSCAR JOSEPH O.B.E. Maimonides Research Institute. This contains the With the death on 20 April 1988 of Mr. Oscar Edith Kahn, a refugee from Mannheim, who died Erich Klibansky Memorial Hall, whose dedica­ Joseph at the age of 87, the Jewish community aged 68, had a rather remarkable teaching career tion ceremony took place on 14 April. The mourns the loss of one of its staunchest friends which she crowned by her appointment as a beautiful white building is set atop a hill in a brand and supporters. In its tribute the London Times magistrate in 1955 and treasurer of the Middlesex new suburb on Mount Carmel. Mr. David Alster- refers to Oscar Joseph as one of the most Bench. She started teaching at schools in the Yardeni, the instigator ofthe Klibansky project, respected members of the Anglo-Jewish com­ Midlands and the North of England and for 22 together with Dr. Moshe Singer, the director of munity whilst the Jewish Chronicle suggests that years was head teacher of the Fleet Primary the Maimonides Institute, took me on a tour of no one has applied himself with greater dedica­ School in Hampstead. In addition she was in­ inspection. tion to alleviate the plight of Jewish refugees and volved in youth work, training youth leaders both their suffering. for this country and for Israel. She also was a Girl Dr. Erich Klibansky was the headmaster ofthe Guide commissioner and a member of the Coun­ orthodox Jewish high school in Cologne — the When early in 1938 Otto Schiff at the head of cil of the Liberal Jewish Synagogue. Yavneh Realgymnasium & Lyceum. During 1938 the Jewish Refugee Committee realised that he and 1939 he frequently travelled to England to needed to share the immense and rapidly growing persuade the Jewish communities in London, workload then on his shoulders he turned to Leeds, Manchester etc. to finance hostels to ERICH PETER WOHLFARTH Oscar Joseph, a prominent city banker. He soon which one whole form at a time could be found in him a partner of exceptional ability and Professor Erich Peter Wohlfarth, a native of evacuated from the Yavneh in Cologne. He was character whose devotion to the cause grew with Breslau, who died in March aged 63, arrived with spectacularly successful and managed to save in the magnitude of the task. his family in England in 1939 to become an this way several hundred Jewish children. Despite authority on magnetism and magnetic materials. many urgings to the contrary, he returned to Soon after the end of the war Oscar Joseph According to a Times obituary, it was largely due Germany time after time, as he felt that the school joined the council of the Central British Fund to to his influence and example that research activity exodus could only take place under his personal become its chairman in 1957, an office from which in applied magnetism in this country — of great supervision. Both he. his wife and young children he retired in 1971 whilst continuing his active practical importance in the manufacture of were deported to Theresienstadt, where they all work in support of Jewish refugee communities as recording tape, for instance, made considerable perished. member and later chairman of the Jewish Trust strides forward. The Institute of Electrical and Corporation for Germany. He chaired the Allo­ Electronic Engineers in the United States elected We, his former pupils, and the Jewish commun­ cations Committee of the CBF and was for many him to a Fellowship in 1982 and awarded him the ity at large, owe this brave and generous man an years a member of the Management Committee IEEE Centennial Medal for extraordinary immeasurable debt of gratitude. It is just and which was responsible for the Homes established achievement. fitting that his name be commemorated in a in London for aged victims of Nazi persecution. centre of learning in Israel. Although the shell of His fairmindedness. sincerity and warm sense of The Times obituary went on: "Peter Wohlfarth the hall is completed, the furnishings remain to be humour set an example of true leadership to all had a natural sympathy for those, particularly paid for. Any financial contributions towards this who were fortunate to be associated with him. scientists, suffering from political repression or end would be much appreciated. They should be persecution. He helped several Czech refugees to made out to the Klibansky Memorial Fund, and As Honorary President ofthe CBF Residential establish themselves in this country in 1968 and addressed to David Alster-Yardeni, 41 Eder Care and Housing Association he continued his made full use of his scientific contacts in the Street, Haifa 34752, Israel. interest in the wellbeing of the residents. As the USSR to help those in trouble with the authorities SUSAN MATTES British representative of the Conferertce on Jew­ there. He was co-chairman of the Scientists for ish Material Claims against Germany he forged a the Release of Soviet Refuseniks and derived close link with members of the American Jewish great pleasure from successes achieved in gaining Joint Distribution Committee and it gave him releases.' much satisfaction that despite his failing health he EAST GERMANY'S RABBI RESIGNS could still perform the opening ceremony of the Only seven months after he began his ministry new wing of Heinrich Stahl House in November DR. FRITZ LANDSHOFF among East Germany's Jews, Rabbi Isaac New­ 1987 and name it after Charles Jordan, his close Dr. Fritz Helmut Landshoff, the publisher whose man, 65, a Polish-born US citizen, resigned. He personal friend, who as Director General of the authors included Feuchtwanger, Arnold Zweig was the first successor of Martin Riesenburger American Joint visited Prague where he was and Heinrich Mann, Toller and Kaiser, Remar­ who died 22 years ago. He took up the State- murdered in 1967. que and Anna Seghers, died in Amsterdam aged financed post after years of negotiation between 86. He went into Dutch exile in 1933 and survived the East German Government and Jewish rep­ Oscar Joseph took a great interest in the only because he happened to be in London when resentatives abroad. Rabbi Newman explained activities of the AJR and did all that he could to the Germans invaded Holland. In Amsterdam he that he had problems with the ISO-strong Jewish support its work. He will be remembered with went into partnership with Emanuel Querido, the community in East Berlin, also that he objected gratitude for the selflessness and energy with Dutch Jewish publisher (who perished in Ausch­ to the one-sided reporting on Israel in the East which he devoted his long life to the settlement witz). He began his career with Kiepenheuer. German press. 'I do not like it at all (he said), this and care of refugees who came to the United From 1940, while in England, he directed the demonising of the Jews.' He also appears to have Kingdom. printing of his publications in Sweden, before been upset by antisemitic letters he received. He L. SPIRO moving to New York in 1941 where he joined may be back in time for the High Holidays, but forces with Gottfried Berman-Fischer. After the would then remain only to the end of the year. It war he became associated with Harry N. Abrams, appears that the Jewish authorities were dissatis­ BELSIZE SQUARE SYNAGOGUE the New York publishers of fine arts, who fied with the more lively, unconventional, 51 Belsize Square, London, N.W.S appointed him their European director in 1978. 'Americanised' form of service which Rabbi Our communal hall is available for cultural While in Leipzig last year he was awarded the Newman had introduced where singing and danc­ and social functions. For details apply to; Guthenberg Prize and also arranged for his ing was a notable feature. The rabbi in turn had Secretary, Synagogue Office. memoirs to be published next year by the Aufbau expected greater interest in the study of Jewish Tel: 01-794 3949 Verlag, Weimar. history, in progress as well as tradition. page 14 AJR INFORMATION JUNE 1988 FAMILY EVENTS life's work has been established at Situations Vacant BRANDT. Hannah Brandt, born Entries in this column are free of Children and Youth Aliyah, 4a New LIVE-IN AU-PAIR or part-time Berlin 1928(7), previously resident at charge, but voluntary donations College Parade, Finchley Road, companion required for retired 17 Foscote Road, Hendon. Would would be appreciated. Texts should London NW3. professional lady. Non-smoker. anyone knowing her present where­ reach us by the 10th of the preceding Leon:—Annie Leon died peacefully Salary negotiable. Tel. 0582 21816. abouts please write to Box 1134. month after a long illness on 24 April. Acknowledgement Deeply mourned by Gary, Peter, LYRIC TENOR requires a pianist with piano for practising. Preferred GESUCHT Fabian:—Mrs. Frieda Fabian wishes Sue, Petra, Daniel, Hilde and all who Werden Personen, die to thank most sincerely all her friends knew her. district NW6 or NW3. Mr. H. Conte, Informationen ijber Wandsbek who sent her cards and presents Tell:—Two weeks before her 93rd 18 Hillsborough Court, Mortimer geben konnen, spez. iiber den during her stay in the Springfield birthday, Mrs. Lisbeth Tell, of 10 Crescent, London NW6. Verbleib von Kultgegenstanden aus der Wandsbek Synagoge, Nursing Home. She has now moved Kingswood Court, West End Lane, TYPIST English and/or German uber Wandsbeker die emigrieren to the Springview Home in Enfield. London NW6, passed away peace­ wanted occasionally. Tel. 455 6732. mussten; iiber judische fully in her sleep. She was much Geschafte; Erelgnisse in der Birthday Pogromnacht, 1938. Leighton:—To Melvyn Leighton, of loved and is deeply mourned by her relatives and maany friends—but Personal Die Nachforschungen zur JGW Pinner, Middlesex, congratulations werden durchgefuhrt von Astrid on your SOth birthday on 3 June. above all, by Miss Anny Hager, her CONTINENTAL FATHER of Lowen, angestellt beim Wishing you health and happiness faithful companion for over fifty handsome professional son aged 32 Heimatmuseum, Wandsbek, years. would like to contact discreetly par­ Bohmestrasse 20, 2000 Hamburg always. With love from the Leighton 70. Tel. 040/684786. and Leiner Families. Zaudy:—Albert Zaudy died sud­ ent of suitable daughter. Box 1132. denly on 2 May 1988, aged 76. Sadly Golden Wedding missed by his wife Lilian, his daugh­ CONTINENTAL FATHER of Jordan:—Mr. and Mrs. L. J. Jordan, ters Gillian and Ann and five grand­ lovely vivacious 24-year old daughter of Ballardene, Warren Road, King­ children, his sister Hilde, other rela­ would like to contact discreetly par­ OXFORD ston on Thames. Surrey, celebrated tives and many friends all over the ent of suitable son. Box 1130. Companion/Housekeeper their Golden Anniversary on 29 world. MALE, 68, academic, musical, seeks for one elderly lady. May. lady aged 58 to 62 for friendship, etc. Deaths Box 1133. Modern flat near city Frankiyn:—Helga Franklyn (nee CLASSIFIED centre. Morning help, no heavy work. Plain cooking Riess), bom in Leipzig, wife of The charge in these columns is SOp Owen Franklyn, died S April 1988. Information Required and some shopping. Good for five words plus £1.00 for adver­ salary. References Mourned by all who knew her. tisements under a Box No. To save EHRENHAFT/SIMHA. Robert essential. Write in the first Fuller:—Anthony Fuller, my dearest administrative costs, please enclose and Melita Ehrenhaft (Latchford, father, died 22 April, after an illness payment with the text of your adver­ Lanes) and Dr. Robert Simha. physi­ instance. courageously borne. Deeply mour­ tisement. cist (Vienna), please contact Gisela BOX 1135 ned and missed by his devoted and White, 81 Haysend Road, Hayes, heartbroken daughter Helga and Middlesex. many friends. Miscellaneous SUCHE Fotos von den von Lazarus Kanter:—Berta (Putti) Kanter REVLON MANICURIST. Will visit 'SHIREHALL' passed away peacefully on 4 May. Sussmann bemalten Wanden der your home. Phone 01-445 2915. Synagoge in Unterlimburg, die vor Licenced by the Borough of Barnet Will be sadly missed by all her family Home for the elderly, convalescent and and friends. A fund in memory of her ELECTRICIAN. City and Guilds 1928 aufgenommen wurden. N. Bar- incapacitated qualified. All domestic work under­ Giora Bamberger, POB 7038, 91 070 * Single rooms comfortably appointed taken. Y. Steinreich. Tel: 455 5262. Jerusalem. * 24-hour nursing care • Excellent cuisine • Long and short-term stay Telephone: t<-.jmz et ^r'.-=r"AVJws<«<-.?-.ii;' IRENE FASHIONS Matron 01-202 7411 or formerly of Swiss Cottage Administrator 078 42 52056 ORIENTAL 93 Shirehall Park. Available from sizes 10 to 48" hips. Hendon NW4 RUGS SPRING 8i SUMMER COLLECTION (near Brent Cross) Wonderful selection of Casual Wear, Slacks, Two-Pieces, Cotton and dressy Bought, and Dresses, and beautifully cut Suits in all different fabrics. Sold 'SOMETHING DIFFERENT FOR THAT SPECIAL OCCASION.' FOR FAST EFFICIENT FRIDGE

• Saturdays and Wednesdays For an eariy appointment kindly ring before 11 am & FREEZER REPAIRS Stalls outside York Arcade, or after 7 pm 346 9057. 7 day service 80 Islington Higti St, Nl. (Opp Jet Liverpool Rd and All parts guaranteed Upper Street) • Sundays J. B. Services Stalls outside 21 Chalk Farm ANTHONY J. NEWTON Tel. 202-4248 Road, NWl. until 9 pm • Mondays, Tuesdays and Fridays &C0 Visit our stockrooms any time by arrangement, SOLICITORS 22 Fitzjohns Avenue, Hampstead, NW3 5NB DETAILS SALES & REPAIRS Television - Videos - Aerials - Radios - 01-267 1841 INTERNATIONAL LAW AGENTS Stereos - Electrical Appliances 5-9 pm or with Offices in: Europe/Jersey-USA NEW & SECONDHAND TV's'VIDEOS before 8 ann FOR SALE SPECIALISTS in all Legal Work: • Repairs undertaken , Tel: 01-909 3169 Answerphone Conveyanclng/Wills/Probate/Trusts/Company and Litigation AVIS TV SERVICE A. EISENBERG Telephone: 01 435 5351/01 794 9696 AJR INFORMATION JUNE 1988 page 15 MR. MANFRED DURST THE HOLOCAUST SEEN BY THE GOLDSCHMIDT SCHULE Mr. Manfred Durst was recently elected chairman NEW GENERATION MEMOIRS ofthe British Jewellers Association. Having some Interviews with children of Holocaust survivors An interesting detail of Jewish experience under eight years ago been president of the British now living in U.S.A. are the subject of a new Nazi rule is presented in a book just printed Jewellery & Giftware Federation Ltd. the book by Helen Epstein, herself such a child: Die privately — Passages from BerUn: Recollections appointment confirms not only his continuing Kinder des Holocaust (Munich. C. H. Beck. ofthe Goldschmidt Schule, 1935-1939. Ed. Steve commitment to the professional bodies of his 1987). Her own experience was that the past was J. Heims. 1987. 213 pp. It recounts the history of trade, but the esteem in which he is held by his rarely touched upon — 'silence as a means of the Goldschmidt Schule. founded in 1935 by Dr. colleagues. survival.' The cruelties were never mentioned; Leonore Goldschmidt. who had been dismissed He is but one of a number of our members who there were only hints that the parents had from a State school in 1933. Her aim was to at one time or another have held high office in suffered and were in need of special considera­ provide primary and secondary education for their trade associations or professional bodies and tion. On the other hand, some children kept on Jewish children and prepare them for emigration. thereby contributed substantially to this country's asking questions: "Who put that mark on your As an exchange teacher in England, she establi­ economic wellbeing, the maintenance of high arm? Why did you leave it there? Why doesn't it shed personal connections with the administra­ commercial and industrial standards, and the come off? Did it hurt when they did it? Why tion of the University of Cambridge, who subse­ promotion of exports. hasn't daddy one?' Of course there are all sorts of quently helped her in establishing her school as a Freddie Durst arrived in England in a sometimes baffling situations, such as that of the German examination centre for the University. children's transport shortly before the outbreak daughter of Hungarian Jews who in Buenos Aires For this, she had to recruit British-born teachers of war and later built up a successful business in attended a school where she met children of who would teach the syllabus for the Cambridge the jewellery trade. He is a strong supporter of fugitive Nazis. School Certificate. Jewish charities, both here and in Israel, and to us By contrast, the reaction of young Germans Most of the pupils of that school came from is best known as an active and caring chairman of now to the Nazi experience was examined in a middle-class, non-orthodox and non-Zionist the Leo Baeck House committee. BBC radio feature (Chddren of the Reich). Many background and included a number of 'non- of them had an ambivalent relationship with their Aryan' Christians, which necessitated Christian AN IMPORTANT DATE parents — was the SS father a hero or a criminal? religion classes as well as Jewish. Almost all FOR YOUR DIARY They felt like 'victims' and so able to identify with children from the Goldschmidt Schule had gone The AJR Charity Concert to the real victims, the Jews. Would this help them to German State schools in 1933, and their commemorate the Golden (one speaker wondered) to find a balanced individual experiences describe how bullying by Jubilee of Self Aid of Refugees relationship to their history, to their parents, to pupils and teachers made them leave for a Jewish Sunday Sth October at 3 pm themselves? school. Queen Elizabeth Hall The son of Hans Frank condemned the At its peak the Goldschmidt Schule had about "Butcher of Cracow', but the daughter of Martin 600 pupils. Its teachers dismissed from State CLAIMS CONFERENCE HARDSHIP Bormann had no regrets. After all Hitler did good schools, were highly qualified. The school used FUND things too, and those crimes had happened before progressive teaching methods, and its aim was to The Claims Conference Hardship Fund, 15 East the Nazis and would happen again. These 're­ provide for its pupils a haven of peace in a hostile 26th St., New York, which was established visionist' views were voiced by a historian who environment. primarily for such victims of Nazi persecution thought that mass slaughter was the normal When those children arrived in their new who emigrated from Eastern European countries behaviour of dictators in the 20th century — an countries, they had the stamina to forge ahead after 1965. also handles applications from such argument intended to neutralise the Nazi Holo­ and they all made good. By the time they retired persecutees who prior to 31 December, 1965 caust by presenting it as a kind of reaction to (and by now most of them have), they had resided in countries outside Eastern Europe but Stalin's crimes. become writers, artists, teachers, head of schools, did not file, for valid reasons, timely claims under A Jew who settled in Frankfurt wanted to be university lecturers, professors and leading busi­ the German Federal Indemnification Law. The like everybody else but found this impossible. He ness men. Some, like the conductor Andre Hardship Fund is financed by the German felt more Jewish than German; Judaism was for Previn. gained world fame. The memoirs show Federal Republic and is governed by German him a "moral institution', and as a German he the various ways in which many escaped after war Government Guidelines. The Guidelines limit could onlv be "proud of Goethe and ashamed of was declared. Some went to America via Italy and individual payments to DM 5,000 per person. Hitler'. Spain, others reached California via the trans- Siberian Railway, one went to New York via Vichy France and Martinique; some survived underground but found it too harrowing to give details. These stories are of vital interest to the general ALDERSQATE ENGIIMEERIIMG CO. LTD. public, and Steve Heims. the editor, should persuade as many of the authors as possible, to EBBLAKE INDUSTRIAL ESTATE consent to general publication. The book was compiled with the active help of Leonore VERWOOD. DORSET BH21 BAU Goldschmidt's two children, Tutta and Rudi, ToloplTona: Tolex: both ex-pupils. Leonore died in 1983. OSOS B254&4 •41 "7186 PETER PRAGER (LONDON: LEON GAMSA 202 4022)

Twenty-four years after his death, a Swiss envoy THE PLASTICS PROFESSIONALS of the Internadonal Red Cross in Budapest in 1944-45. Friedrich Born, has been awarded the EMPLOYING THE MOST UP-TO-DATE MANUFACTURING METHODS title of "Righteous among the Nations' by Yad WITH SOPHISTICATED COMPUTER-CONTROLLED MACHINES. Vashem. Born who is believed to have saved about 15,000 Hungarian Jews was active at the same time as Raoul Wallenberg, the Swedish diplomat, who was prominent in the rescue work. page 16 AJR INFORMATION JUNE 1988 GERMANS LEAVING SOVIET RUSSIA West and East. Demands are made for a restora­ FLOORED ON FIJI Jews are not the only ones who wish to leave the tion of the Volga Republic where it is felt the Avid television watchers may have noticed one of Soviet Union. Ironically enough, they are joined national identity could best be fostered. our friends in "15 to 1', the sister programme to in this desire by many of the two million Germans If (and as long as) this cannot be done, it "Countdown" on Channel 4. Janet Langmaid, who first came to Russia 200 years ago when they appears that an obvious solution is seen in formerly cataloguer in the Wiener Library and an were called in by the (German-born) Tsarina emigration and many are availing themselves of occasional contributor to AJR INFORMATION, Catherine the Great. Under the Soviet regime it. Almost 14,500 Germans left the Soviet Union took part in the transmission of February 1st. they had their Autonomous Socialist Republic on for Germany in 1987, and the numbers are Although she gave more correct answers than the Volga, though there were also German growing. Within the first three months of 1988, anyone else who had appeared in the show, she 'districts' in the Ukraine an4 the Caucasus. In some 6,600 have left (as compared with 810 in the was finally defeated by the question 'What is the 1941 when Hitler invaded Russia, most of them, corresponding period of 1987). During the second present name ofthe Cannibal Islands?' (It is Fiji). suspected of "collaboration', were transferred to week of April the number was 785. Janet returned home to Ottery St. Mary, Devon, the Asiatic regions of Kazakhstan and Western satisfied with her performance and determined to Siberia. go in for more quizzes. Keep your televisons Inasmuch as they were anxious to maintain tuned! their national and cultural identity, they feel increasingly disadvantaged. This applies particu­ M&F DOUBTS ABOUT FAITH larly to the education of their children. Though JEWISH INTRODUCTION AGENCY Since Britain is now becoming a multi-cultural the teaching of German as a mother tongue (i.e. Immediate Introductions for Top society, it appears that Bible studies are being teaching in German) had been promised, little Jewish People increasingly overtaken by the study of world was done to promote this policy. There are not faiths (Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism), also by enough teachers or text books and parents must A strictly confidential and personal service comparative religion and 'militant atheism', at be content with schools where German is taught for professional and executive Jewish people some schools even by studies of witchcraft. A as a foreign language. This again has been found of all ages. Parents on behalf of children. pamphlet published by the Educational Research inadequate so that more and more children have Contact Mrs B. Blacke, 32 North Hill, Trust quotes concerned parents, teachers, inspec­ decided in favour of English! Soviet German Highgate, London N6 4QA. tors and school advisers as thinking that "religious literature too is difficult to come by so that there is education is often not being taught in a way that is a growing need for books from Germany, both appropriate or serious'.

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Published by the Association of Jewish Refugees in Great Britain, Hannch Karminski House, 9 Adamson Road, London NW3 3HX, Telephone 01-483 2536,7 8.9 Printed in Great Britain by Black Bear Press Limited, Cambridge