sign in sign up
<<
Home , Amarapura, Amyotha Hluttaw, Banmauk, Bawlakhe, Bokpyin, Budalin

2020 Election in - Fact Sheet

INTERNATIONAL IDEA MYANMAR 2020 STEP DEMOCRACY PROGRAMME FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN UNION This publication was produced with the financial support of the European Union. Its contents are the sole responsibility of International IDEA and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Union. Contents

Acronym ...... 5

1. 2020 General Election Day ...... 6

2. Election Management Body ...... 6 2.1. Model of Electoral Management ...... 6

3. Electoral System...... 6 3.1. Electoral Formula...... 6 3.2. District Magnitude...... 6 3.3. Ballot Structure...... 6 3.4. Compulsory/voluntary voting...... 6

4. Elected Bodies ...... 6 4.1. Amyothar Hluttaw ()...... 6 4.2. () ...... 7 4.3. State & Region Hluttaw (State & Region Assemblies)...... 7 4.4. National Race Representative (National Race Affairs Minister for State and Region Assemblies)...... 7

5. Election Process of the President...... 7

6. Constituency Boundaries...... 7 6.1. Pyithu Hluttaw Constituency Boundary in the 2015 GE ...... 8 6.2. Constituency Boundary in the 2015 GE ...... 9 6.3. State/Region Hluttaw Constituency Boundary in the 2015 GE and its results ...... 10 6.4. National Race Representative Constituency Boundary in 2015 GE and its results ...... 11 6.5. Cancelled Area of constituency in 2015 GE ...... 12

7. Eligibility Criteria for Voters...... 13 7.1. Eligible Criteria of Voters...... 13 7.2. Ineligible Criteria of Voters...... 13

8. Voter List ...... 13 8.1. Responsible bodies for the preparation of voter list...... 13 8.1.1. Primary Data Collectors...... 13 8.1.2. Secondary Data Collector...... 13

9. Political Parties and Candidates...... 13 9.1. Obligations of Political Parties...... 13 9.1.1.Code of Conduct of Political Parties ...... 14 9.2. Suspension or cancellation of political party ...... 14 9.3. Eligibility Criteria for Candidates...... 14 10. Candidate Nomination Procedure...... 15 10.1. Pyithu Hluttaw (Lower House) and Amyothar Hluttaw (Upper House)...... 15 10.2. State/Region Hluttaw ...... 15 10.3. National Race Representative...... 15

11. Campaign and Campaign Finance ...... 15 11.1. Campaign period...... 15

12. Advance Voting ...... 16 12.1. In -Constituency Advance Voting in Ward/Village-tract sub-commission offices...... 16 12.1.1. Eligibility criteria to vote within the 2 days period before E-Day...... 16 12.1.2. Eligibility criteria to vote within the 10 days period before E-Day...... 16 12.2. Out-Of-Constituency Advance Voting (within the country)...... 16 12.2.1. Eligible Advance Voters...... 16 12.3. Out-Of-Country Voting (abroad)...... 16 12.3.1. Eligible Advance Voters...... 17

13. Polling Station (Layout)...... 17 13.1. Location of Polling Station...... 17 13.2. requirements per polling station...... 17 13.3. Personnel authorized to enter a polling station...... 17 13.4. Locations of Polling Stations for Out-of-country Advance Voting...... 19

14. Voting Process...... 19 14.1. Sensitive Materials ...... 19 14.2. Non-sensitive Materials...... 20 14.3. Voting Day ...... 21 14.4. Voting Process - Step by Step:...... 21 14.5. Counting ...... 22 14.5.1. Polling Station...... 22 14.5.2. Township Sub-Election Commission Office...... 22 14.6. Consolidation of Results...... 22 14.6.1. Process of Counting and Consolidation ...... 23 14.6.2. Result Announcement Process...... 23

15. Election Observation ...... 23 15.1. Domestic Election Observer...... 23 15.2. International Election Observer...... 24 15.3. Don’ts for Election Observers...... 24

16. Election Report...... 24

17. Election Dispute Resolution...... 24 17.1. Types of Election Dispute...... 24 17.1.1. Pre-election Period ...... 24 17.1.2. Election Period ...... 24 17.1.3. Post-election Period ...... 24 17.2. Appeal Process ...... 25

18. Annex ...... 26 2020 GENERAL ELECTION IN MYANMAR- FACT SHEET 5

Acronyms

UEC - Union Election Commission in Myanmar EMB - Election Management Body FPTP - Fast-Past-The-Post Electoral System SAZ - Self-Administrative Zone SEC - Sub-Election Commission MP - Member of GE - General Election MMK - ( in Myanmar) PS - Polling Station CoC - Code of Conduct PP - Political Party E-day - The Election Day NGO - Non-Governmental Organization CSO - Civil Society Organization PSO - Polling Station Officer MOFA - Ministry of Foreign Affair in Myanmar MOHA - Ministry of Home Affair in Myanmar MOD - Ministry of Defense in Myanmar VL - Voter List MPF - 6 2020 GENERAL ELECTION IN MYANMAR- FACT SHEET

2020 GENERAL ELECTION IN MYANMAR- FACT SHEET

not formed in Wa SAZ: 1. Pangwaun, 2. Narphan, 1. 2020 General Election Day 3. Pangsang and 4. Mongla) under the UEC. The 8 November 2020 (Sunday).1 current UEC consists of the Chairperson, HE U Hla Thein and 14 Commissioners. Each State/Region is The first regular session of a term of the Pyithu assigned to one Commissioner. Hluttaw shall be held within 90 days after the com- 2 mencement of the general election. The last date 2.1. Model of Electoral Management of the second term of the Pyithu Hluttaw is on 31 January 2021. Therefore, the election date will be Independent5 from 1 November 2020 to 30 January 2021. The UEC shall: 3. Electoral System (a) hold the elections simultaneously on the same 3.1. Electoral Formula: day as far as possible; (b) hold the elections on public holiday as far as First-Past-The-Post (FPTP) system possible; (c) designate and declare the date of election in 3.2. District Magnitude advance.3 Single Member Constituency (one representative for each legislative body)

2. Election Management Body 3.3. Ballot Structure: According to the of Myanmar, the Three separate ballots for candidates contesting Union Election Commission (UEC) is the Election for the Lower House, Upper House, and regional Management Body of Myanmar. UEC is responsi- assemblies. An additional ballot is cast for the eth- ble to organize the Hluttaw Elections (the Amyo- nic affairs ministers. tha Hluttaw (the Upper House), the Pyithu Hlut- taw (the Lower House) and State/Region Hluttaw 3.4. Compulsory/voluntary voting: (State/Region Assemblies). The President may ap- point a minimum of five members including the Voluntary chairperson of UEC.4 There are 14 State/Regional Level Sub-commissions and one Union Territory SEC, 83 District Level Sub-Commissions and 326 4. Elected Bodies Township Level Sub-commissions (4 Townships are 4.1. The Amyotha Hluttaw (The Upper House) 1 UEC Notification No (115/2020) Maximum Seat Number is 224. 12 representatives 2 Constitution Article 123 3 Hluttaw Election Laws Article 34 (c) and Hluttaw Election Bylaws from each of the 14 State / Region (168) plus 56 Article 16 (a) 4 The Constitution: Article. 398 (a) 5 The UEC Law: Article 10 2020 GENERAL ELECTION IN MYANMAR- FACT SHEET 7

MPs are appointed by the Commander in or that live within a state/region where the eth- Chief. nic group already has a self-administered district/ zone. There are no elections for the State/Region 4.2. The Pyithu Hluttaw (The Lower House) Hluttaw in the Union Territory. Maximum of 440 Seats. Pyithu Hluttaw constitu- A total of 29 National Race Affairs Ministers will encies are based on township boundary, not more be elected in the 2020 General Elections. The UEC than 330 constituencies. 110 military MPs are ap- will announce the number of ethnic representative pointed by the Commander in Chief.6 constituencies. The Union Territory (Nay Pyi Taw) is under the direct administration of the President 4.3. State & Region Hluttaw (State & Region As- and no state/region Hluttaw MPs seats are in this semblies) constituency. There are eight townships in the Union Territory. Maximum Seat Number is 644 plus Ethnic Race Representatives. State/Region Hluttaw constituen- cies are based on townships and two representa- tives are elected for each township, not including 5. Election Process of the President: the Union Territory. The splitting of the townships The President is elected by the Presidential Elec- should be done by dividing the number of popula- toral College. The Presidential Electoral College is tions symmetrically. The constituency boundaries formed by (1) Elected MPs from Amyotha Hluttaw, No (1) and (2) should be defined by existing wards/ (2) Elected MPs from Pyithu Hluttaw and, (3) De- 7 villages boundaries. fense Services personnel Hluttaw representatives MPs from the military are appointed by the Com- who are nominated by the Commander-in-Chief. mander in Chief (one third of total elected num- Each of the three groups elects a Vice-President. ber). The elects the President out of three Vice-Presidents using the First Past the Post The State/Region, District, Township and Ward/Vil- System. lage-Tract Sub-Election Commissions have to re-an- nounce the designated constituencies at least 30 days before the E-day.8 6. Constituency Boundaries

4.4. National Race Representative (National The UEC shall designate the constituencies for the Race Affairs Minister for State and Region As- next term at least 60 days in advance prior to the 11 semblies) expiry of the term of the Hluttaw. The UEC an- nounced the constituencies on 1 July 2020. There National Race Affairs Ministers will be elected in are 330 constituencies in Pyithu Hlutttaw, 168 con- each state and region where an ethnic communi- stituencies for Amyotha Hluttaw, 644 constituen- ty has a population equal to, or greater than 0.1 cies for State/Region Hluttaw and 29 constituen- percent of the national population of Myanmar.9 cies for National Race Representatives in the 2020 Based on provisional census results, the total pop- General Election.12 ulation of Myanmar is 55.58 Million.10 The mini- mum threshold of the population required to elect UEC shall decide not to hold election in some area an National Race Affairs Minister is thus 54,437 due natural disasters or security concerns to some people. This does not apply to ethnic minorities situations or issues. that are in the majority within their State/Region, The UEC shall postpone and/or cancel elections

6 The Constitution:109 (a) & (b) in constituencies in which free and fair elections 7 The Hluttaw Election Bylaws; Article 3 (a) (i) 8 The Hluttaw Election Bylaws; Article 3 (a) 11 The Hluttaw Election Laws; Article 5 (c) 9 The Constitution:161 (b) 12 UEC Announcements: No (111/2020) for Pyithu Hluttaw, No 10 Department of Population, Myanmar: Last Updated 1st April 2020 (112/2020) for Amyotha Hluttaw and No (113/2020) for State/ (UEC use this number to define the constituency of National Race Region Hluttaw and No (114/2020) for National Race Representa- Representatives) tive 8 2020 GENERAL ELECTION IN MYANMAR- FACT SHEET could not be held due to a natural disaster or a situation of regional security,13 and the UEC shall decide to hold elections in some areas within a constituency where the situation permits, decide not to hold elections in some areas therein where the situation does not permit or decide to transfer the polling booths to secure places.14

6.1. Pyithu Hluttaw Constituency Boundary in the 2015 GE

Myanmar Information Management Unit Pyithu Hluttaw Constituency Boundaries 2015 Elections

90°0'E 95°0'E 100°0'E

Pyithu Hluttaw (Lower House) constituencies correspond to existing townships (330). Note that this map shows only elected representation per constituency, but not the number of military Nawngmun appointees in the hluttaw.

BHUTAN Puta-O

Nanyun Khaunglanhpu

Sumprabum Tsawlaw Lahe Injangyang Hkamti

Lay Shi N N ' ' ° 0 ° 0 5 5 2 2

Banmauk BANGLADESH Tamu Katha Namhkan Wuntho Mansi Muse Tigyaing Laukkaing Manton Hseni Kale Mongmit Taze Mongmao Falam Pangwaun Mingin Ye-U Mogoke Khin-U Thantlang Kyaukme Tangyan Narphan Kani Mongyai Pangsang Madaya YinmabinMonywa Pale Chaung-U Pyinoolwin Mongyang Matupi VIETNAM Tilin Ngazun Pyigyitagon Monghsu Mongkaing Mongkhet Tada-U Mongla Mindat Ywangan Maungdaw Saw Myittha Taungtha Laihka Mongping Mongyawng Kyauktaw Nyaung-U Buthidaung Loilen Kyauk Monghpyak Ponnagyun padaung Thazi Mrauk-U Salin Pyawbwe Mongnai Minbya Yenan Monghsat Rathedaung gyaung Yamethin Nyaungshwe Mongpan Sittwe Pauktaw Tatkon Hsihseng Mongton N N ' ' Magway ° 0 ° 0 Ottara Langkho 0 0 Ngape Pobba Zabu 2 2 Myebon Ann Thiri Thiri Thiri Minhla LAOS Dekkhina Thiri Zay Yar Pekon Sinbaungwe Lewe Kyaukpyu Thi Ri Thandaunggyi Mindon Aunglan Ramree Toungup Kamma Pauk khaung Htantabin Munaung Padaung Kyaukkyi Mese Thegon B a y o f B e n g a l Nattalin Phyu Thandwe Zigon Kyauktaga MyanaungMonyo Thayarwady Hpapun Minhla Gwa Daik-U Madaya Bago Waw Yegyi Taikkyi Bilin Hmawbi Htantabin Kawa Kayan Aungmyaythazan Maubin Thongwa Hpa-An Twantay Chanayethazan gyun Kyauktan Sagaing Kawhmu Mawlamyine Mahaaungmyay Kungyangon Chanmyathazi

Pyigyitagon

Amarapura

Ye Tada-U N N ' ' ° 0 ° 0 South Okkalapa 5 5 Hlaing 1 1 Mayangone Yankin Kamaryut Andaman Sea Cocokyun Tamwe Bahan Launglon Sanchaung Thaketa Dagon Mingalartaungnyunt

Ahlone Dawbon Lanmadaw Latha Pazundaung Botahtaung Myeik N N ' ' ° 0 ° 0 5 5 1 C1 ocokyun Ü Kilometers Legend 0 1 2 4 6 Constituency Boundary The Myanmar Information Management Unit / MIMU is a service of the Office of the UN Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator to support the information management needs and decision-making of State/Region Boundary humanitarian, development and peace-focused actors across Myanmar. Map ID: MIMU1248v04 Email: [email protected] Creation Date:17 July 2015.A1 Website: www.themimu.info Projection/Datum: Geographic/WGS84 Copyright © Myanmar Information Management Unit 2015. Data Source: IFES MIMU products are not for sale and can be used free of charge with attribution. Kawthoung Base Map: MIMU Disclaimer: The names shown and the boundaries used on this map do not imply official endorsement Boundaries: MIMU/WFP N N ' or acceptance by the . Note that this map may not show all islands of coastal areas due Place Name: Ministry of Home Affairs (GAD) ' ° 0 ° 0 0 translated by MIMU 0 1 to scale limitations. 1 90°0'E 95°0'E 100°0'E

13 The UEC Law Chapter IV Article 10 (f) 14 Section 50 (c) of the Hluttaw Election Laws Chapter XI, State and Region Hluttaw Bylaws Chapter 2 Section 50 (c) 2020 GENERAL ELECTION IN MYANMAR- FACT SHEET 9

6.2. Amyotha Hluttaw Constituency Boundary in the 2015 GE

Myanmar Information Management Unit Amyotha Hluttaw Constituency Boundaries 2015 Elections

90°0'E 95°0'E 100°0'E

The boundaries of Amyotha Hluttaw constituencies are defined by the Union Election Commission. The 2008 Nawngmun Constitution establishes 12 such constituencies per State/Region. Note that this map shows only elected repBreHseUntTatAionN per constituency, but not the number of military appointees in the hluttaw. Puta-O 01 Machanbaw

Nanyun Khaunglanhpu

12 Tanai 04 Tsawlaw Lahe INDIA 05 Injangyang Chipwi Hkamti 02 09 Hpakant Waingmaw CHINA Lay 03 Shi 11 08 07 N N Mogaung ' ' ° 0 ° 0 5 5 Myitkyina 2 2 Homalin Mohnyin 06 11 Shwegu Indaw Tamu 12 BANGLADESH 10 Momauk Paungbyin 06 09 07 Mansi 10 Pinlebu Wuntho Katha Muse Tonzang Kachin-12 11 Kawlin Tigyaing Namhkan 07 Mawlaik 05 Mabein Kutkai 05Tedim Kyunhla 10 06 Kalewa Manton Hseni Kanbalu Hopang Kale Taze Mongmit Namtu 08 03 Lashio 04 Namhsan Mongmao Pangwaun Falam Mingin Ye-U Mogoke 03 Thantlang Khin-U Tabayin Singu Kyaukme 12 03 01 02 Tangyan Narphan Kani Budalin 04 Hakha 03 Mongyai Wetlet Pangsang Madaya Nawnghkio Hsipaw 02 05 04 Ayadaw 01 Gangaw Pale 01 02 Pyinoolwin Mongyang 10 Ngazun Kyethi Matman VIETNAM Myaing 11 Matupi 12 05 Mongkaing Monghsu Mongkhet Mindat Tilin 11 04 Kyaukse Mongla Paletwa 10 Lawksawk 06 08 Pauk Natogyi Mongyawng 07 Pakokku 08 Hopong Laihka Mongping Kengtung 12 Kanpetlet 06 Wundwin Nyaung-U 09 Mahlaing Ywangan Loilen Kunhing 09 Kyauktaw 09 Saw 02 07 12 Monghpyak 05 11 Taunggyi Nansang Chauk Meiktila Mau0n8gdaw Thazi 04 Salin Kalaw 09 Mongnai 07 Minbya Natmauk Pyawbwe 01 06 Monghsat Tachileik 06 Sidoktaya 02 08 Pwintbyu 03 Yamethin Mawkmai Mongpan 05 Myothit Tatkon Hsihseng N N 01 ' ' 09 Pauktaw Myebon Minbu ° 0 ° 0 Ngape Langkho Mongton 0 0 Magway 09 Pinlaung 2 2 Ann 04 01 LAOS Minhla Pekon 11 Sinbaungwe Shadaw Lewe10 02 Thayet 04 03 07 07 08 KaKyaahy-a5h-3 10 Yedashe 05 B a y o f B e n g a l Mindon Aunglan 06 Paukkhaung 05 Hpruso 08 Ramree Toungup Kamma Taungoo 07 09 Pyay 10 08 Mese Padaung Oktwin 12 06 11 12 09 Nattalin Phyu 12 07 Thandwe Kyangin Kyauktaga Kyaukkyi Okpho 04 Shwegyin 05 05 11 Hpapun Ingapu Gwa Bago 03 10 Daik-U 06 03 Lemyethna Madaya AungmyMaytahanzdanalay 04 01 Bilin Yegyi Zalun 12 Waw Taikkyi 11 02 03 Hlegu Thanatpin 12 04 01 Thabaung 10 02 Hlaingbwe Patheingyi 02 09 01 Kawa 03 09 11 02 09 Sagaing Thaton Hpa-An 08 Chanayethazan Pathein Einme 0405 07 08 06 03 07 01 09 01 Mahaaungmyay Kyauktan 1001 08 01 06 02 04 Kawkareik Ngapudaw 12 11 Chaungzon Chanmyathazi 03 10 10 06 Myawaddy 02 11 Pyigyitagon Thanby0u5zayat Amarapura Kyainseikgyi 07 12 Tad0a-4U Ye THAILAND 08 N N ' ' Mayangone Yankin ° 0 ° 0 5 5 1 1 Yangon Kamaryut Yebyu Kyeemyindaing 03 04 Tamwe Sanchaung 05 Dawbon Andaman Sea Bahan Thingangyun Dawei Launglon Thaketa 02 01 03 Dagon Mingalartaungnyunt Lanmadaw Pazundaung Latha 04 09 CAMBODIA 06 Pabedan Ahlone Palaw Kyauktada Seikkan Botahtaung Seikgyi0ka8naungto Ü 05 01 Hpa-An 06 Pa1u0ng 10 Mawlamyaine 01 Kilometers 07 08 Tanintharyi 0 2.75 5.5 11 16.5 Kyunsu Legend Constituency Boundary The Myanmar Information Management Unit / MIMU is a service of the Office of the UN Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator to support the information Mawlamyine Boundary Chaungzon 02 management needs and decision-making of humanitarian, development and 04 peace-focused actors across Myanmar. 12 State/Region Boundary Kyaikmaraw Email: [email protected] Map ID: MIMU1248v04 Website: www.themimu.info Creation Date:17 July 2015.A1 03 Projection/Datum: Geographic/WGS84 Copyright © Myanmar Information Management Unit 2015. Data Source: IFES MIMU products are not for sale and can be used free of charge with attribution. 11 Base Map: MIMU Disclaimer: The names shown and the boundaries used on this map do not Boundaries: MIMU/WFP 06 N N ' imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Note that this Place Name: Ministry of Home Affairs (GAD) ' ° 0 Mudon ° 0 0 map may not show all islands of coastal areas due to scale limitations. 0 1 translated by MIMU 1 90°0'E 95°0'E 100°0'E 10 2020 GENERAL ELECTION IN MYANMAR- FACT SHEET

6.3. State/Region Hluttaw Constituency Boundary in the 2015 GE and its results

State and Region Hluttaw Election Results

92° E 96° E 100° E 104° E 644 Constituencies The boundaries of State/Region electoral constituencies (2 per township) are defined by the Union Election Commission on the basis of population figures. Due to technical difficulties to draw some ward and village Yangon City tract boundaries correctly, the constituency boundaries shown in this map are indicative KACHIN only. Some reserved forest areas have not N N

° ° 6 6 2 been included in electoral constituencies. 2 State/Region representatives are not elected in the Union Territory of Nay Pyi Myitkyina Taw. Note that the map shows only elected representation per constituency, but not the elected Ethnic Affairs Ministers and not the number of military appointees in the State/Region Hluttaws.

SAGAING

Hakha

Monywa N N Mandalay City

° ° CHIN 2 2 2 2 SHAN

MANDALAY Taunggyi

MAGWAY Magway Sittwe Loikaw NAY PYI TAW RAKHINE KAYAH

BAGO N N

° ° 8 8 1 1

Bago

Pathein Yangon City Hpa-An Mawlamyine YANGON KAYIN MON AYEYARWADY

Dawei N N

° ° 4 4 1 1

TANINTHARYI

0 50 100 200 Km N N

° ° 0 0 1 1 0 30 60 120 Miles

92° E 96° E 100° E 104° E 2020 GENERAL ELECTION IN MYANMAR- FACT SHEET 11

6.4. National Race Representative Constituency Boundary in 2015 GE and its results

Myanmar Information Management Unit PoliticalPolitical Party Par tyRepresentation Representatio namong amon gNational Ethnic A Raceffair sAffairs Minist eMinistersrs 20152015 EElectionlection ResResultsults

95° E 100° E

ThisThis mapmap showsshows the the constituencyconstituency boundariesboundaries forfor thethe electionelection ooff ENationalthnic Af fRaceairs MAffairsiniste rMinisterss (equal t o(equal State tos/ States/Regions)Regions) and th eand 20 1the5 e 2015lectio electionn results .results.

INDIA Kachin Bamar NLD Shan NLD CHINA N Lisu NLD N

25 ° Rawang NLD 25 ° BANGLADESH

Sagaing Chin NLD Shan TNDP

Shan Kachin Independent Kayan / VIETNAM NLD Chin Padaung Bamar USDP Mandalay Lahu LNDP (Lahu) Shan NLD Lisu LNDP (Lisu) Akha ANDP Intha NLD N Nay N

Magway 20 ° 20 ° Chin NLD Pyi LAOS Taw Kayah Rakhine Bamar USDP Chin NLD

Bago B a y o f B e nga l Kayin NLD

Yangon Kayin NLD Kayin Rakhine ANP PaO NLD Ayeyarwady Bamar NLD Kayin NLD Mon NLD Rakhine NLD Mon Kayin NLD PaO NLD Bamar NLD N N

15 ° 15 °

Legend State / Region Boundary International Boundary Tanintharyi Coast Line Andaman Sea Kayin NLD Political Party CAMBODIA

1 = ANDP

1 = ANP

1 = LNDP (Lahu)

Map ID: MIMU1211v04 1 = LNDP (Lisu) Creation Date:23 November 2015.A3 Projection/Datum: Geographic/WGS84 Ü Data Source: IFES 21 = NLD Kilometers Base Map: MIMU Boundaries: MIMU/WFP 1 = TNDP 0 50 100 200 Place Name: Ministry of Home Affairs (GAD) translated by MIMU Copyright © Myanmar Information Management Unit 2015. Email: [email protected] 2 = USDP MIMU products are not for sale and can be used free of charge with attribution. Website: www.themimu.info Disclaimer: The names shown and the boundaries used on this map do not imply official N N

° 1 = Independent endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Note that this map may not show ° 10 all islands of coastal areas due to scale limitations. 10 95° E 100° E 12 2020 GENERAL ELECTION IN MYANMAR- FACT SHEET

6.5. Cancelled Area of constituency in 2015 GE

Myanmar Information Management Unit Sequence of 2015 Election Cancellations

90° E 95° E 100° E

This map shows areas for which the Union Election Commission has cancelled elections for security reasons. Nawngmun Due to technical difficulties the ward and village tracts boundaries shown in this map might not always be precise.

Puta-O Machanbaw

Khaunglanhpu

Nanyun

Tsawlaw Tanai Sumprabum

Lahe INDIA Kachin Injangyang Chipwi

Hkamti Myitkyina Hpakant

Waingmaw Lay Shi Mogaung N N ° ° 5 5 Homalin 2 2 Mohnyin CHINA

Banmauk Momauk Shwegu Bhamo BANGLADESH Indaw Tamu Paungbyin Sagaing Katha Pinlebu Wuntho Mansi Muse Konkyan

Tonzang Tigyaing Namhkan Mawlaik Kawlin Mabein Laukkaing Kutkai Kyunhla Thabeikkyin Kunlong Tedim Manton Kalewa Hseni Kale Kanbalu Mongmit Hopang Taze Namtu Falam Lashio Pangwaun Mingin Ye-U Mogoke Mongmao Thantlang Khin-U Tabayin Kyaukme Shwebo Singu Tangyan Narphan Kani Hakha Budalin Mongyai Pangsang Wetlet Hsipaw Nawnghkio Ayadaw Madaya Gangaw Sagaing Pale VIETNAM Chaung-U Pyinoolwin Mongyang Matupi Kyethi Matman Salingyi Ngazun Amarapura Tilin Monghsu Myaing Tada-U Mongkaing Mongkhet Yesagyo Chin Lawksawk Mongla Pauk Ywangan Paletwa Mindat Natogyi Maungdaw Saw Pakokku Myittha Hopong Laihka ShaKnunhing Mongping Kengtung Mongyawng Taungtha Buthidaung MandaWlaunydwin Seikphyu Nyaung-U Loilen Kanpetlet Mahlaing Pindaya Kyauktaw Nansang Monghpyak Meiktila Thazi Taunggyi Chauk Mrauk-U Salin Mongnai Rathedaung Pyawbwe Kalaw Tachileik Minbya Sidoktaya Monghsat Natmauk Nyaungshwe Yamethin Rakhine Pwintbyu Mawkmai Mongpan Mongton Sittwe Myothit Pinlaung Hsihseng N N Myebon Minbu ° ° Ngape Langkho LAOS 0 0 MagwMaagyway Ottara 2 2 Ann Thiri Taungdwingyi Minhla Nay Pyi Loikaw Sinbaungwe Pekon Taw Demoso Shadaw Mindon Kayah Aunglan Kyaukpyu Thayet Yedashe Hpruso Thandaunggyi Bawlakhe Ramree Kamma Toungup Taungoo Pyay Hpasawng Munaung Oktwin Padaung Paungde Mese Htantabin Phyu B a y o f B e n g a l Bago Thandwe Kyangin Kyaukkyi Okpho Kyauktaga Monyo Hpapun Minhla Nyaunglebin Gwa Ingapu Letpadan Shwegyin Daik-U

Lemyethna Bago Waw Zalun Yegyi Kyaikto Hlegu Danubyu Thanatpin Bilin Hlaingbwe Kyaunggon Kawa Htantabin Pantanaw Kayan Thaton Kayin Pathein YangoTnhongwa Hpa-An AyeyEainmrewadyMaubin Paung Myaungmya Kyaiklat Kawkareik Chaungzon Ngapudaw Dedaye Kyaikmaraw Myawaddy Mudon Labutta Pyapon Thanbyuzayat Kyainseikgyi THAILAND

MYoe n N N ° ° 5 5 1 1

Yebyu

Cocokyun Launglon Dawei Thayetchaung Andaman Sea

Palaw CAMBODIA

TMayenik intharyi Legend Tanintharyi Coastal Line Kyunsu Map ID: MIMU1268v02c Creation Date:4 November 2015.A3 Township Boundary Projection/Datum: Geographic/WGS84 Ü Data Source: IFES Bokpyin State/Region Boundary Kilometers Base Map: MIMU Boundaries: MIMU/WFP 0 55 110 220 Place Name: Ministry of Home Affairs (GAD) International Boundary Kawthoung translated by MIMU Copyright © Myanmar Information Management Unit 2015. Email: [email protected] Cancellations of 12 October 2015 MIMU products are not for sale and can be used free of charge with attribution. Website: www.themimu.info Disclaimer: The names shown and the boundaries used on this map do not imply N N official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Note that this map ° ° Cancellations of 27 October 2015 0 0 1 1 may not show all islands of coastal areas due to scale limitations. 90° E 95° E 100° E 2020 GENERAL ELECTION IN MYANMAR- FACT SHEET 13

before the E-day. Migrant workers who are out of 7. Eligibility Criteria for Voters their constituency for at least 90 days, can apply 7.1. Eligible Criteria of Voters to be included in the respective voter list of their current constituency (where they work or study). a. Citizen (Pink Color Card), associate citizen (Green Color Card), naturalized citizen who is 18 years old on Election Day. 9. Political Parties and Candidates b. Person whose name has been included in the Voter List of the respective constitu- The total number of political parties eligible to ency contest the 2020 Election is 93 out of a total of 96. Three political parties have been suspended by the 7.2. Ineligible Criteria of Voters UEC due to technical reasons. Political Party Reg- a. Member of religious order istration Application deadline was 30 December b. Convict 2019. c. Person adjudged to be of unsound mind o Union Level – 78 Political Parties as provided for in the relevant law o State/ Regional Level – 18 Political Parties d. Person who has not yet been discharged o (Ethnic and Minorities political parties – as an insolvent 49 out of 93) e. Foreigner or person who has assumed foreign citizenship. 9.1. Obligations of Political Parties15 The Political Parties Registration Law directs polit- 8. Voter List ical parties to adhere to the following instructions while conducting their activities: Total Registered Voter – 37.4 Million (Last Updated: a. safeguarding the non-disintegration of 18 December 2019). This number does not include the Union, non-disintegration of the na- military personnel and their family members. tional solidarity and perpetuation of sov- ereignty 8.1. Responsible bodies for the preparation of b. safeguarding the prevalence of law and voter list order and tranquility; c. respecting and abiding by the Consti- 8.1.1. Primary Data Collectors tution of the Republic of the Union of a. Village-tract/Ward General Administra- Myanmar; tor d. abstaining from writing, delivering b. Township Immigration and Population speeches or organizing and instigating Office conflict or taking actions that can affect c. Commander/Chief Officer in the dignity and morals relating to nation- (only for military personnel and their ality, religion, individuals or the public; families) e. abstaining from abuse of religion for po- litical ends 8.1.2. Secondary Data Collector f. abstaining from accepting and using di- rectly or indirectly funds,, property, other a. Village-tract/Ward Sub-election commis- assistance from the government of any sion foreign country, any religious organiza- If the names of a group of persons who are entitled tion, any other organization or any per- to vote are found to be excluded from the voter son or, not accepting their influence; list, the upper level of Township SECs concerned may give permission to include those names in the supplementary voting rolls, not later than 7 days 15 Political Parties Registration Law; Article 6 14 2020 GENERAL ELECTION IN MYANMAR- FACT SHEET

9.1.1. Code of Conduct for Political Parties c. contacting or abetting directly or indi- rectly an insurgent organization/individ- A Code of Condcut (CoC) was signed by 65 politi- ual (notified by State) cal parties on 26 June. The CoC is a set of ethnical d. having failed to abide by the Code of principles which the political parties developed by Conduct of Political Party consensus.. The CoC contains the following volun- e. being found that the organization ob- tary obligations: : tained and used directly or indirectly a. Political parties and candidates commit funds, land, house, building, vehicle, to respect and promote the rights and property owned by the State freedoms of all political parties, candi- f. concealing intentionally that unqualified dates and voters. party members were dismissed from the 17 b. Political parties and candidates commit party to cooperate with the UEC in resolving g. unable to organize party members disputes through dialogue and electoral (Union Level Party: > 1000 members, mediation mechanisms. State/Regional Level Party: >500 mem- c. Campaigning without slandering other bers) within 90 days of its filing applica- political parties and candidates, a com- tion for registration, UEC shall cancel its mitment not to spread incorrect or false registration. criticisms regarding personal matters, 18 and not to use religious and racial dis- 9.3. Eligibility Criteria for Candidates criminatory messages in campaigning. a. A person who has completed the age d. Security to maintain peace and stability of 30 years for the Amyotha Hluttaw during the campaigning. MP and 25 years for Pyithu Hluttaw and e. Level Playing Field which prohibits the State/Regional Hluttaw MP use of state-owned and public resources b. A person who has resided in the Union to influence voters and which abide by of Myanmar for at least 10 consecutive campaign finance regulations. years up to the time of his election (the f. Diversity and Inclusion to provide equal official period of stay in a foreign country opportunities for different groups such with the permission of the State shall be as women, youth, differently abled per- counted as a residing period in the State); sons and people from marginalized c. A person included in the voters list groups. d. A person whose parents are citizens g. Political parties and candidates agreed e. Not a convict to establish the CoC monitoring commit- f. Persons not eligible to stand for election tee to take corrective action to facilitate as a Hluttaw representative due to con- the implementation of the CoC. viction for an offence causing disqualifi- cation of Hluttaw representative, or hav- 9.2. Suspension of a political party and/or can- ing committed a malpractice related to cellation of registration of a political party if it election falls in any of the below categories:16 g. A person of sound mind as provided in the relevant law a. unable to contest with at least three h. A person who has not been discharged candidates in different constituencies in from being an insolvent as declared by any type of Hluttaw constituencies in the the relevant court general election i. Not a person whose parents, both or one b. having been declared as an unlawful as- of whom was not citizen at the time of sociation under any existing law his birth

17 Political Party Registration Law: Article 10 16 Political Parties Registration Law; Article 12 (a) 18 The Hluttaw Election Laws; Article 8 & 10 2020 GENERAL ELECTION IN MYANMAR- FACT SHEET 15

j. Not a person who owes allegiance to a foreign government or person under the 10. Candidate Nomination influence of a foreign government or sub- Procedure ject of a foreign government or a citizen 10.1. Pyithu Hluttaw (Lower House) and Amyo- of a foreign country k. Not a person who is entitled to enjoy the thar Hluttaw (Upper House) rights and privileges of a subject of a for- District/Union Ter- eign government or a citizen of a foreign Candidate Form 6 ritory/ Self-admin- country istered zone SECs l. Not a person who obtains and utilizes di- rectly or indirectly funds, land, housing, building, vehicle, property, etc. from gov- 10.2. State/Region Hluttaw ernment or religious organization or any other organization or any individual of a District/ Self- foreign country or is a member of an or- Candidate Form 6 administered zone ganization which obtains and utilizes said SECs assistance m. Not a person who uses religion for polit- ical purpose and utters, delivers speech- 10.3. National Race Representative es, and makes or issues declarations to National vote or not to vote and who encourages State/Regional Race Form 6 and incites such acts or is a member of an SECs organization which carries out such acts; Candidate n. Not a member of a religious order o. Not a civil servant (does not apply to the In the 2020 General Election, the period for candi- Defense Services personnel) date nomination is 20 July 2020 to 7 August 2020. p. Not a person who obtains and utilizes The end date for withdrawal of candidate nomi- directly or indirectly the State-owned nation is 10 August 2020 and the scrutiniziation funds, land, housing, building, vehicle, period for candidate nomination is from 11 to 17 property, etc. or is a member of an orga- August 2020.20 nization which carries out such acts (not including pension, emoluments by the Union for services and State permitted 11. Campaign and Campaign Finance services/property) 11.1. Campaign period Deposit Money to nominate as a candidate: 300,000 MMK (Three Hundred Thousand Kyats Campaign period – The UEC decides on the dura- Only). The deposit money will be reimbursed to tion and dates with a directive (from 00:01 a.m. of the respective candidate if the candidate receives first date to 12:00 a.m. of last date). In 2015, the 19 at least one-eighth of valid votes in the election. duration of campaign was 60 days. Silent Day – One day before the Election Day Eligible Donations: (1) Own funds and property of candidate, (2) donations from individual citizen, (3) donations from political parties, (4) donations from companies or group of companies (only Myanmar citizens)

20 UEC Announcement No. (116/2020) 19 Hluttaw Election Bylaws: Article 38 (b) 16 2020 GENERAL ELECTION IN MYANMAR- FACT SHEET

Campaign Expense: not more than 10 Million - Voters who need to serve for electoral (MMK) for Lower House, Upper House, State & activities Region and not more than 15 Million (MMK) for an National Race Representative (National Race Af- 12.2. Out-Of-Constituency Advance Voting (with- fairs Minister for State and Region Assemblies). in the country) Declaration of Election Expense: Within 30 days Heads of government institutions, schools, hos- of announcement of results by State/Region pitals, and custody can contact the respective Sub-commissions, all candidates must submit their Sub-election commissions to get Form 15 campaign expenditures using Form 20 to the re- from 2 . They must return these documents to spective district level sub-commissions.21 July 2020 the sub-commission of their respective townships by 26 August 2020 after being completed by the voters. Sub-election commissions of respective 12. Advance Voting townships must send ballot papers and envelopes for advance voting to the institutions, schools, hos- There are two types of Advance Voting in Myan- pitals and custodies by 7 October 2020. Advance mar: (1) In-constituency and (2) out-of-constituen- voting must be organized at government institu- cy (within Myanmar and abroad). In Myanmar only tions, schools, hospitals and custodies on their ap- “personal voting” exists. Other commonly used propriate day from 8 October 2020 to 21 October methods such as (1) postal voting (2) proxy voting 2020. The envelopes containing ballot papers must and (3) e-voting are not foreseen. be sent back to the sub-election commission of re- spective townships by 4 pm on 8 November 2020.22 12.1. In - Constituency Advance Voting in Ward/ Village-tract sub-commission offices Form 15: Advance voting for Out-of-Constituency and Out-of-Country Voting consists of two steps. 12.1.1. Eligibility criteria to vote within the 2 day pe- The first step involves the eligible voters to obtain, riod before E-Day fill, and return within the prescribed period Form 15 from respective Sub-Commissions or Embas- - A voter who has to travel on E-Day sies, as the case may be, to convey their willing- - A voter who has to go out of their constit- ness to participate in voting process. The second uency on duty (government staff) step involves casting of votes by those voters on - A voter who is not able to come to the the day(s) specified for voting. polling station (elderly people, people who are suffering from leprosy, people 12.2.1. Eligible Advance Voters who are severely ill at home, pregnant women, differently abled people) - Military personnel and their family - Detainees (not convicted) members - Inpatients in hospitals - Students and trainees - Detainees (not convicted) 12.1.2. Eligibility criteria to vote within the 10 days - Inpatients in hospitals period before E-Day - Voters who are out of their constituen- cy including public servants (staff from - Union government members and union Myanmar Police Force and their family level organization members members) - State/Regional government members and state/regional level organization members 12.3. Out-Of-Country Voting (abroad) - State/Region sub-election commission In the 2020 General Election, voters who live out- members side Myanmar can obtain Form 15 at relevant em- bassies from 3 July 2020. These forms with com- 21 Hluttaw Election Bylaws: Article 77 22 UEC announcement on 2nd July 2020 2020 GENERAL ELECTION IN MYANMAR- FACT SHEET 17

pleted data need to be returned to respective or designate the township sub-commis- embassies from 16 July 2020 to 5 August 2020.23 sions with this task. A PS can have be- tween 300 and 1,500 voters assigned. 12.3.1. Eligible Advance Voters24 (b) In the event that several Hluttaw elec- tions will be held simultaneously in one - Diplomats PS, the township sub-commissions may - Delegates who are assigned by the gov- form separate rooms for each Hluttaw ernment election in the polling stations. - Civil services personnel who are assigned (c) Arrangements should be made in ad- by the government vance, to set up the polling stations in - Eligible voters who are working at an secure and easy to access locations. The international organization, or a depart- secrecy of the vote must always be guar- ment of a foreign government anteed. The voters shall be informed of - Eligible voters who are working abroad the location of their respective polling at a private business and have the per- stations in advance of Election Day. mission of the government to leave the (d) The location of the polling station must country be easily accessible for people with dis- - State scholars and their household and abilities.27 other dependents with the permission of (e) Religious premises may not be used as a the government to leave the country PS - Eligible voters who are outside the coun- try with the permission of the govern- 13.2. Staff requirements per polling station ment.25 - Polling Station Officer (Chair) - Deputy Polling Station Officer 13. Polling Station - At least (3) Voter List Checkers - At least (3) Ballot Paper Issuers In the 2015 general election, 40,141 Polling Stations - Polling Station Security were established. In the 2020 general election, the - Ink Marker/total at least 10 members number of Polling Stations will be over 41,00026 and the accurate number will be announced by the 13.3. Personnel authorized to enter a polling UEC subsequently. station Polling Station Layout - Polling Station Staff - Voters Each polling station has 3 ballot boxes for three - Police Officers on duty with the permis- types of Hluttaw and 1 additional ballot box where sion of PSO or W/VT sub-commission or ethnic race representatives are elected. Each poll- Township sub-commissions ing station has 2 voting screens per ballot box. One - In reference to Article 42 of the by-laws, Advance Voting Box in white will be put on the ta- any person chosen by an illiterate and/or ble near the Polling Station Officer. disabled voter to accompany and assist them 13.1. Location of Polling Station - Members of the UEC and relevant The UEC will decide: sub-commissions - Local contesting Hluttaw Candidates, his/ (a) Based on the number of voters and the her election agents, his/her polling sta- geographical situation, the number of tion agents/assistants polling stations for the ward/village-tract - UEC accredited domestic and interna- 23 UEC announcement No: (118/2020) tional election observers and diplomatic 24 Hluttaw Election Bylaws: Article 2 (h) observers 25 Hluttaw Election Laws: Article 47 (a) 26 UEC press conference in 2020 27 Hluttaw Election Bylaws: Article 39 (a) 18 2020 GENERAL ELECTION IN MYANMAR- FACT SHEET

Polling Station Layout

The Deputy Polling station Polling Station Officer Team shall tightly shall take the stamp secure seals to all sides cover off the stamp and of the ballot box for the keep it at all times. 2017 by-elections.

There will be two Polling Station Remember to check Security Officers. The that there is enpogh first shall check for ink ink in the bottle and to on the finger of voters shake the bottle before at the entrance of the usage. polling station.

The Second Security Polling Station Team Officer shall check that shall make sure to post the finger of voters are the Results form (16) Remember to linked before exiting the after counting ballots. let persons with disa- polling stating. billities, elderly voters, Remember to qucue pergmant women and Remember not to calmly. there is enough women carrying children take selfie, photo, time for everyone to in to the polling video or recording vote. station first. inside the polling station.

1. Polling station Officer 6. Domestic/International Observers 2. Polling Station Security 7. Ward/Village tract sub-commission members 3. Voter List Checker 8. Deputy Polling Station Officer 4. Ballot Paper Issuer 9. Ink marker 5. Candidate/Candidate Agent/Polling Station Agent/Assistant 10. Voters

Sr. No Color of ballot box Hluttaw Type Type of House 1 Green The Pyithu Hluttaw The Lower House 2 Blue The Amyotha Hluttaw The Upper House 3 Purple Region/State Hluttaw & Ethnic Race State/Regional Assembly Representative 2020 GENERAL ELECTION IN MYANMAR- FACT SHEET 19

13.4. Locations of Polling Stations for Out-of- 14. Voting Process country Advance Voting28 14.1. Sensitive Materials PS locations are the Myanmar Embassies, Consul- ates and Permanent Representative Offices of that Sensitive materials are essential for the conduct of country. the election and they must always be secured and accounted for by an election official. Sensitive ma- Polling Station Menber terials, according to the UEC are: • Ballot Papers & Counterfoil Polling Station Officer

Deputy Polling Station Officer • Ballot Box Seals

Voting roll checker for 3 Hluttaws and national race election (3+1)

Ballot paper issuer for 3 Hluttaws and • Voting Stamps (used by voters to mark the ballot) national race election (3+1)

Polling Station Security

Ink Marker • Polling and Advance Voting Ballot Boxes

Voters ( )

Political party representative and Election observers

Election agents, Polling station agents/ Assisting agents

Members of ward/ Village-tract Sub-commission

• Voter List

28 Hluttaw Election Bylaws: Article 61 (a) 20 2020 GENERAL ELECTION IN MYANMAR- FACT SHEET

• Advance Voter Lists • Tamper evident bags • Objection Forms • Results Forms • Invalid Vote Forms • Voter List Handover Forms • Ballot Pad Handover Form for the ballot issuer • Report of Incidents in Polling Station

14.2. Non-sensitive Materials Non-sensitive materials are required for the elec- tion but not essential. Non-sensitive Materials are below: • Ruler (to tear the ballot paper of counter foil) • Working Guidelines and Polling Station Manual • Name Tag (ID Card) for polling station members • Ink Pad (to thumbprint/sign the voter list /ballot box counterfoil) • Baskets (to count the ballot papers)

• Rope • Envelopes for Advance Voting (Not including bal- lot paper)

• UEC Stamp and Sealing Wax

• Polling Station Sign with Number

• Pens (only black and blue) • Voting Screens

• Candle and Lighter 2020 GENERAL ELECTION IN MYANMAR- FACT SHEET 21

• A makeshift sink for hand washing The ballot boxes which were used for In-constitu- ency Advance Voting need to be delivered by the Ward/Village – tract to the respective Polling Sta- tion before opening on E-Day.

14.4. Voting Process - Step by Step: 1) Check the Voter List in front of the Polling Station. If the name of the voter is found on the respective voter list, the voter can enter the PS; 2) All fingers of the voter will be checked by the PS security officer for traces of indel- • Hand Sanitizer and Infrared Thermometer ible ink; 3) Any identification card/letter can be- shown to the ballot paper issuer; 4) The voter name is checked by the voter list checker in the voter list and the voter has to sign or thumb print beside his/her name on the voter list; 5) Before the ballot paper is issued, the voter must sign/thumb print on the Vot- • Glove er List section. The ballot paper receipt must be signed on the back by the ballot paper issuer. After that, the voter takes the ballot paper; 6) The voter goes behind the voting screen and marks the candidate of his choice with the voting stamp (Pen with any ink color will be used for out of constituen- cy advance voting- domestic and aboard only). No pen/pencil will be used to mark the ballot paper during normal voting 7) The voter folds the ballot paper to ensure the secrecy of the vote and inserts the • Surgical Mask folded ballot paper into the respective ballot box 8) The voter has to vote at least three times for (1) Pyithu Hluttaw, (2) Amyotha Hlut- taw, (3) State/Region Hluttaw and if the voter is entitled to vote for his/her Ethnic Race Representative, s/he also needs to vote for (4) Ethnic Race Representative according to Step 5-7 9) Before going out from the polling station, 14.3. Voting Day the left little finger will be marked with indelible ink by the ink marker. if a voter Opening time of polling station: 6:00 am, closing does not have the little finger, any finger time: 4:00 pm (if voters queuing outside the PS at can be marked. 4:00 pm, they are allowed to vote) 22 2020 GENERAL ELECTION IN MYANMAR- FACT SHEET

14.5. Counting 14.5.1. Polling Station: At 4:00 PM or after the last voter has left, the polling station will be closed. The polling station officer can assign other polling station staff for counting, or s/he takes on this duty him/herself Following persons can be present inside the polling station at the opening of the ballot box and counting of the ballot papers: - Polling Station Members. - Witnesses (Candidates, Voters, Election Agents, Agents from Political Parties, etc.) - Public (Media persons, people) - Polling Station Agents. - Election Observers if present. First, the assigned staff open the Advance Voting (in-constituency) ballot box and count the votes. Then the Pyithu Hluttaw ballot box is opened, third is Amyotha Hluttaw, fourth is State/Region Hluttaw and last is Ethnic Race Representatives.

14.5.2. Township Sub-Election Commission Office: Sub-Election Commission members start counting the out-of-constituency advance votes and out of coun- try advance votes received.

14.6. Consolidation of Results: Results from PS are transferred to the Township Sub-election commission, where the results from the Ad- vance Votes (out of constituency and out of country) will be added = Results. 2020 GENERAL ELECTION IN MYANMAR- FACT SHEET 23

14.6.1. Process of Counting and Consolidation

Type of Hluttaw Collecting Forms Pyithu Hluttaw 29 Form 16 + Form 18 = Form 19 - Result Amyotha Hluttaw 1st Step (For one district in Form 16 + Form 18 = Form 19 for Each Township the constituency 2nd Step boundary)30 Form 19 for Township A + Form 19 for Township B = Form 19 (A) - Result Amyotha Hluttaw 1st Step (For more than one Form 16 + Form 18 = Form 19 for Each Township district in the con- 2nd Step stituency bound- Form 19 for Township A + Form 19 for Township B = Form 19 (A) for Each District ary)31 3rd Step Form 19 (A) for District A + Form 19 (A) for District B = Form 19 (B)- Result State Region Hlut- Form 16 + Form 18 = Form 19 - Result taw 32 Ethnic 1st Step Race Representa- Form 16 (A) + Form 18 (A) = Form 19 (A) for Each Township tive 33 3rd Step Form 19 (A) for District A+ Form 19 (A) for District B = Form 19 (B)- Result

14.6.2. Result Announcement Process

Level of EMB Polling Station Township SECs District/Union State/Region UEC Territory/SAZ SECs SECs

Activity Counting and Counting, Con- Consolidate, Consolidate, Collecting, Transfer solidate, Verify Verify and Verify, An- Re-announce and Transfer Transfer nounce and and Insert in Transfer the Gazette

15. Election Observation 15.1. Domestic Election Observer

Both international and domestic observation orga- Accreditation procedures: nization can apply to be accredited within the an- • Application to the Township Sub-com- nounced dates. The accreditation procedures will mission where the organization plans to be published on the UEC web page. observe • Application to the District Sub-commis- sion if the organization plans to observe in more than one Township 29 Pyithu Hluttaw Election Bylaw: Article 66 (c), 67 (a) and 67 (b) • Application to the Region/ State 30 Amyotha Hluttaw Election Bylaw: Article 66 (c), 67 (a), 67 (b), 67 (a) and 68 (a) Sub-commission if the organization plans 31 Amyotha Hluttaw Election Bylaw: Article 66 (c), 67 (a), 67 (b), 67 to observe in more than one District (a) and 68 (a) 32 State/Region Hluttaw Election Bylaw: Article 66 (c), 67 (a) and 67 • Application to the UEC if the organization (b) plans to observe in more than one State/ 33 State/Region Hluttaw Election Bylaw: Article 66 (c), 67 (a), 67 (b), 67 (a) and 68 (a) Region 24 2020 GENERAL ELECTION IN MYANMAR- FACT SHEET

15.2. International Election Observer UEC member and two members from the suitable legal expert citizens or the UEC members.35 Accreditation procedures 17.1. Types of Election Dispute • Embassies shall submit the hard copy ap- plication to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs 17.1.1. Pre-election Period and soft copy to the Union Election Com- - Candidate Nomination Disputes mission by email - Voter List Disputes • International election observation orga- - Malpractices before election: Illegal can- nizations and international electoral as- vassing, committing violence and threat- sisting organization in the country may ening voters, abuse of public property, directly apply to the Union Election Com- illegal campaign expenses, misusing/ mission following the issued instructions damaging election materials. and guidelines, • The name list of international election *General In-charge Organization: (1) UEC and (2) observers approved by the Union Elec- SECs tion Commission shall be sent to the MOFA, MOHA and respective Region/ 17.1.2. Election Period State SECs. - Campaigning - Violence and threats 15.3. Don’ts for Election Observers - Destroying electoral documents and ma- • Ask for whom a voter has cast a vote terials within 15 yards of the polling station in - Observers or election agents being barred from entering the polling station order to maintain secrecy of the vote - Voting by unlawful means • Carry weapons or explosive materials - Violating the secrecy of the vote • Conduct any activity that can interfere - Influencing and instigating to vote or not with the duties and rights of electoral of- to vote for a certain Hluttaw candidate ficials and voters - Interfering by the polling station officer • Disturb or interfere in the secrecy of the and polling station members while carry- vote, voting, counting, announcement of ing out their duties results or the electoral disputes process - Counting process. • Make statements to the media about the election unless authorized to do so by *General In-charge Organization: (1) Mediation their observation organization. and (2) MPF

17.1.3. Post-election Period 16. Election Report - Any voter who voted or any contesting candidate can object within 45 days from The UEC has to publish the final election report the announcement of the winning candi- within 45 days after the election day.34 dates to the State/Region SEC36 - Objections regarding election expenses of candidates 17. Election Dispute Resolution - Objections against elected candidates and appeals There are three periods of election dispute resolu- - The objector has to pay a deposit of tion: (1) Pre-election, (2) election and, (3) post-elec- 500,000 (five hundred thousand) Kyats tion. There were 29 electoral dispute cases in the for litigation costs. 2010 GE and 54 electoral dispute cases in the 2015 *In-charge Organization: Tribunal in UEC GE. The tribunal is composed of one chair from the 35 Hluttaw Election Laws; Article 69 (a) (i) 34 Hluttaw Election Bylaws; Article 106 36 Hluttaw Election Bylaws: Article 87 2020 GENERAL ELECTION IN MYANMAR- FACT SHEET 25

17.2. Appeal Process During the election dispute, the tribunal decides on anynecessary probational measures. If the de- cision of the tribunal is not accepted by either the defender or complainant, the decision can be ap- pealed within 15 days. The appellant has to pay a deposit of 500,000 (five hundred thousand) kyats to cover appeal costs. The full tribunal (1 Chair- man and 14 Commission Members from the UEC) is initiated. The decision of the full tribunal is final. 18.Annex37

Election Related Facts and Data of 2010 and 2015 General Election

S/N Description 2010 GE 2015 GE

1 Number of State/ Region in which the election was held (#) 14 14

2 Number of District in which the election was held (#) 67 74

3 Number of Township in which the election was held (#) 325 323

4 Number of political parties contested (#) 37 91

5 Number of parties won in the election (#) 22 22

6 Number of candidates contested (#) 3,069 6,038

7 Number of Candidate contested (From political parties) (#) 2,987 5,728

8 Number of candidates contested (Independent) (#) 82 310

9 Number of elected representative (#) 1,154 1,150

10 Number of elected representative (From political parties) (#) 1,148 1,145

11 Number of elected representative (Independent) (#) 6 5

12 Number of representative (Male) (#) 1,109 999

13 Number of representative (Female) (#) 49 151

14 Number of objections submitted (#) 29 45

15 Number of candidates who failed to submit election expenses (#) 121 175

16 Number of eligible voter (#) 29,021,608 34,295,334

17 Voter who cast votes (#) 22,421,123 23,911,784

18 Percentage Voter Turnout (%) 77.60 69.72

19 Voter who cast vote with ballot papers (#) 19,889,105 22,473,602

20 Voter who cast vote with advance ballot papers (#) 2,014,151 1,438,182

21 Number of voter where only one candidate existed (No vote casting) (#) 517,867 -

22 Number of valid vote obtained (#) 20,865,161 22,416,310

23 Percentage of valid vote obtained (%) 93.06 93.75

24 E-Day (Date) 7.11.2010 8.11.2015

37 UEC Archive/Library

http://www.stepdemocracy.eu/

This publication was produced with the financial support of the European Union. Its contents are the sole responsibility of International IDEA and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Union.